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Woo, Soo Kyun. "Effect of Lifetime Cognitive Reserve on Functional Connectivity in the Default Mode Network at the Predementia Stage." Korean Association for Geriatric Psychiatry 25, no. 2 (October 30, 2021): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47825/jkgp.2021.25.2.128.
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Pawar, Amol Uttam, Ignasia Handipta Mahardika, and Young Soo Kang. "(Invited) Solar CO2 Conversion into Liquid Fuels By Photoelectrochemical Approaches." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 36 (July 7, 2022): 1566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01361566mtgabs.
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Photoelectrochemical (PEC) system for the reduction of CO2 into liquid fuels of formaldehyde/acetaldehyde, methanol and ethanol with trace amount of hydrogen gas bubbling have been described in the aspect of thermodynamics and kinetics of the CO2 reduction reaction to have efficient method by lowering activation energy of CO2 reduction on the electron transfer reaction and to do reduction potential tuning of CO2 reduction reaction for the selective reduction products. Ca/Fe doped TiO2 photoanode oxidizes water and generates the large amount of O2, electrons and protons. On the other side, rGO(reduced graphene oxide)/PVP(poly(4-vinyl)pyridine)/Nafion multi-layers have been coated and fabricated on the surface of Cu foil cathode to reduce CO2 into formaldehyde and acetaldehyde. When solar light was irradiated on the surface of photoanode, electrons get excited to the conduction band of Ca/Fe doped TiO2 and transported to the cathode via external wire with low external bias potential. rGO on Cu foil has been used for the dual functions of reduction potential tuning and multi-electron shuttling process of CO2 reduction reaction. The multi-electron shuttling function was illuminated by larger number and longer life-time of excited electrons and generating electron cloud, which have been confirmed by time-resolved photoluminescence (TR-PL) decay curves and 2D time-resolved photoluminescence (TR-PL) mapping images of Cu/rGO electrode. This allows the sequential multi-electron transport process from Cu/rGOcathode to CO2, which was studied with time-resolved chronoamperometry. N-heterocyclic poly(4-vinyl)pyridine (PVP) helps to capture and do chemical activation of reactant CO2 molecule by complexation as [PVP-CO2*] complex via charge separation and lowering transition state energy level of the electron transfer for the formation of anion radical of carbon dioxide complex with PVP as [e- + PVP-CO2*]≠ complex via electron delocalization, which is basically possible due to high basicity of lone pair electrons of nitrogen atoms of N-heterocyclic PVP compounds. These functions result in the lowered activation energy for the CO2 reduction reaction to have faster kinetics. The decreased amount of activation energy was determined with Tafel plots by measuring the slopes of it and semicircles of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) Nyquist plots at different temperatures. Nafion film coated on the surface of cathode assists the faster transport of H+ ions to CO2 reduction reaction sites for the simultaneous one-pot reaction of proton coupled electron transfer reactions. In the photocataytic system with semi-conducting polymers, CO2 was conversed into liquid solar fuels like formaldehyde and alcohols with solar to fuel efficiency over 2.5% to produce liquid fuel products over mM concentration for 4 hour reaction. Chang Woo Kim, So Jin Yeob, Hui-Ming Cheng, Young Soo Kang*, Selectively Exposed Crystal Facet-Engineered TiO2 Thin Film Photoanode for the Higher Performance of Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting Reaction, Energy and Environmental Sciences. 2015, 8, 3646. Amol U.Pawar, Chang WooKim, Myung Jong Kang, Young Soo Kang*, Crystal facet engineering of ZnO photoanode for the higher water splitting efficiency with proton transferable nafion film, Nano Energy 2015, 20, 156. Chang Woo Kim, Young Seok Son, Myung Jong Kang, Do Yoon Kim, Young Soo Kang*, (040)-Crystal Facet Engineering of BiVO4 Plate Photoanode for Solar Fuel Production, Energy Mater., 2016, 6, 1501754. Jin You Zheng, Amol Uttam Pawar, Chang Woo Kim, Yong Joo Kim, Young Soo Kang*, Highly enhancing photoelectrochemical performance of facilely-fabricated Bi-induced (002)-oriented WO3 film with intermittent short-time negative polarization, Applied Catalysis B 2018, 233, 88. Chang Woo Kim, Myung Jong Kang, Sohyun Ji, and Young Soo Kang*, Artificial Photosynthesis for Formaldehyde Production with 85% of Faradaic Efficiency by Tuning the Reduction Potential, ACS Catalysis 2018, 82, 968-974. Myung Jong Kang, Chang Woo Kim, Amol U. Pawar, Hyun Gil Cha, Sohyun Ji, Wen-Bin Cai, and Young Soo Kang*, Selective Alcohol on Dark Cathode by Photoelectrochemical CO2 Valorization and Their in-situ Characterization, minor revision, ACS Energy Lett. 2019, 4, 1549. Hong Ryeol Park, Amol Uttam Pawar, Umapada Pal, Tierui Zhang, Young Soo Kang, Enhanced solar photoreduction of CO2 to liquid fuel over rGO grafted NiO-CeO2 heterostructure nanocomposite, Nano Energy, 2021, 79, 105483. Amol U. Pawar, Umapada Pal, Jin You Zheng, Chang Woo Kim and Young Soo Kang*, Dynamics controlled CO2 reduction on Cu/rGO/PVP/Nafion multi-layered cathode for selective production of Acetaldehyde and Formaldehyde, Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, 2022, 303, 120921.
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Kang, Daeun, Chang Ryul Park, Minhyeok Lee, Su Yel Lee, Se Jin Park, Wan Jin Hwang, Gwan Woo Ku, et al. "Abstract 817: microRNA-26a-5p is a prognostic factor that regulates cancer stemness." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-817.
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Abstract Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) identified in lung cancer exhibit resistance to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapy. Therefore, a technology to control of CSCs is needed to overcome such resistance to cancer therapy. Various evidences about the association between epithelial-mesenchymal transition related transcriptomic alteration and acquisition of CSC phenotype have been proposed recently. In our previous research, down-regulated miR-26a-5p is closely related to mesenchymal-like lung cancer cell lines. These findings suggest that miR-26a-5p might be involved in lung cancer stemness. Methods: RNA polymerase III subunit G (POLR3G) was selected as a candidate target of miR-26a-5p related to cancer stemness. its quantitative relationship was investigated by polymerase chain reaction, western blot after transfection of miR-26a-5p. luciferase assay were done for investigating the direct regulation of miR-26a-5p on POLR3G expression. After transfection of miR-26a-5p, colony formation assay and sphere formation assay were performed to evaluate the effect on cancer stemness. By treating cancer cell by miR-26a-5p and paclitaxel, cell viability was checked by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay and Muse cell analyzer. Expression level of each gene and its impact on survival were revealed by the cancer genome atlas pancancer database. Results: miR-26a-5p regulated the expression of POLR3G directly. Overexpression of miR-26a-5p induced down regulation of POLR3G and a marked reduction of colony formation and sphere formation. Co-treatment of miR-26a-5p with paclitaxel decreased cell growth, suggesting that miR-26a-5p might play a role as a chemotherapy sensitizer. In the cancer genome atlas data, down-regulated miR-26a-5p and up-regulated POLR3G were shown compared to adjacent normal tissue. High miR-26a-5p and low POLR3G expression were also related to higher survival rate of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. Conclusions: Overexpression of miR-26a-5p can suppress lung cancer stemness and make cancer cell become sensitive to chemotherapy. This finding provides a novel insight into a potential lung cancer treatment by regulating stemness. Citation Format: Daeun Kang, Chang Ryul Park, Minhyeok Lee, Su Yel Lee, Se Jin Park, Wan Jin Hwang, Gwan Woo Ku, Seong Lan Yu, In Beom Jeong, Sun Jung Kwon, Jaeku Kang, Eung Bae Lee, Ji Woong Son. microRNA-26a-5p is a prognostic factor that regulates cancer stemness [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 817.
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Wang, Yuehan, and Skylar Gao. "Interview with Prof. Chang Hyun Kang." ASVIDE 5 (December 2018): 896. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/asvide.2018.896.
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Yeo, Chang Dong, Hye Seon Kang, In Kyoung Kim, Sang Haak Lee, and Jin Woo Kim. "Abstract 6757: Identification of predictive factors for early relapse in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC receiving consolidation durvalumab after concurrent chemoradiation." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 6757. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-6757.
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Abstract Background: Patients with locally advanced, unresectable, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving definitive concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) benefit from durvalumab consolidation therapy. However, predictive factors for early relapse during durvalumab maintenance were not identified. Patients and Methods: The present study used the lung cancer cohort of the Catholic Medical Centers at the Catholic University of Korea from 2018 to 2021. In all, 51 NSCLC patients that were treated with durvalumab consolidation therapy after definitive CCRT. Early relapse was considered if it occurred within 6 months of starting initial durvalumab therapy. Results: During study period, 15 (29.4%) relapsed among 51 included patients. Median time from initial therapy of durvalumab to progression was 107.73 ± 47.69 days in early relapse group. In mutivariate analysis, younger age (HR 0.713, 95% CI 0.572-0.888, P=0.003), higher pack years (HR 1.311, 95% CI 1.109-1.549, P=0.001), non-COPD (HR 0.030, 95% CI 0.001-0.677, P=0.027), anemia (HR 23.30, 95% CI 2.030-267.48, P=0.011) and stage IIIC (vs. stage IIIA) (HR 17.890, 95% CI 1.997-160.243, P=0.010) were independent predictive factors for early relapse during durvalumab consolidation therapy. Conclusion: Younger age, higher pack years, non-COPD, anemia and stage IIIC were independent predictive factors for early relapse during durvalumab consolidation therapy in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC after definitive CCRT. Careful patient selection and clinical attention are needed for high-risk individuals. Citation Format: Chang Dong Yeo, Hye Seon Kang, In Kyoung Kim, Sang Haak Lee, Jin Woo Kim. Identification of predictive factors for early relapse in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC receiving consolidation durvalumab after concurrent chemoradiation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6757.
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Xu, Changsheng, and Shaokung Lin. "Contributions of Chang Pei-kang to development economics." Journal of Asian Economics 14, no. 2 (April 2003): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1049-0078(03)00020-4.
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Sangren, P. Steven. "History and the Rhetoric of Legitimacy: The Ma Tsu Cult of Taiwan." Comparative Studies in Society and History 30, no. 4 (October 1988): 674–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0010417500015486.
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Worshippers of the goddess Ma Tsu constitute Taiwan's most encompassing ritual community. The cult's close association with Taiwanese history and cultural identity is well known to Sinological anthropologists. Every year pilgrimage groups (usually organized by local territorial cults) converge on cult centers at Pei-kang, Hsin-kang, Chang-hua, Lu-kang, T'u-ch'eng, and Tainan, among others (see Figure 1). These centers compete actively for cult supremacy, and the arguments invoked in this rivalry are mainly of an historical nature. The question I explore here is, Why is history so important in establishing the authenticity and charisma of this goddess?
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Billaut, Manon. "Kang Chang Il, les Débuts du cinéma en Corée." 1895, no. 93 (May 1, 2021): 269–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/1895.8517.
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Yinying, Zhou, Cao Jiantao, and Wang Yali. "Convergence Theorem for Equilibrium and Variational Inequality Problems and a Family of Infinitely Nonexpansive Mappings in Hilbert Space." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/232541.
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We introduce a hybrid iterative scheme for finding a common element of the set of common fixed points for a family of infinitely nonexpansive mappings, the set of solutions of the varitional inequality problem and the equilibrium problem in Hilbert space. Under suitable conditions, some strong convergence theorems are obtained. Our results improve and extend the corresponding results in (Chang et al. (2009), Min and Chang (2012), Plubtieng and Punpaeng (2007), S. Takahashi and W. Takahashi (2007), Tada and Takahashi (2007), Gang and Changsong (2009), Ying (2013), Y. Yao and J. C. Yao (2007), and Yong-Cho and Kang (2012)).
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Lee, Youngrae, Sujeong Baek, Dong Kwon Kim, Yeri Lee, Donggeon Kim, Seongin Jo, Sang Kyun Lim, et al. "Abstract 3234: OCT-598, a novel EP2/EP4 dual antagonist, promotes anti-tumor immune responses in syngeneic mouse tumor models in combination with standard-of-care chemo- and immunotherapies." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 3234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3234.
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Abstract Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is widely recognized as one of the major bioactive lipids that, with the striking regenerative potential, promote drug-resistance in cancer cells as well as immune evasion in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Primarily driven by apoptotic cell death, PGE2 is thought to elicit wound-healing responses to help provide an immunosuppressive and proliferative niche that supports cancer stem cell repopulation and thereby therapy-resistance. While COX1/2 inhibitors that attenuate PGE2 production have shown promising anti-cancer effects in various (pre-)clinical settings, the gastrointestinal- and cardiotoxicities precluded their development as anti-cancer agents. It is anticipated that specific targeting of PGE2 signaling via its cognate receptors constitutes a safer and potentially more effective approach. Of the receptor subtypes EP1-4, Gα,s-coupled EP2 and EP4 are believed to be directly involved in immunosuppressive effects of PGE2.OCT-598 is a novel, highly potent and selective EP2/EP4 dual antagonist with Ki values of 23 nM and 0.2 nM vs EP2 and EP4, respectively. PGE2 inhibited normal differentiation of human monocytes into CD1a+CD16- dendritic cells under the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4 and promoted differentiation towards CD1a-CD16+ macrophages in vitro. However, EP2/EP4 dual inhibition by OCT-598 reversed this phenomenon to a greater extent than either EP2- or EP4-specific inhibitor alone. In vivo, OCT-598 effected tumor growth inhibition in multiple syngeneic mouse models as a single agent as well as in combination with an immune checkpoint blocker (ICB). Furthermore, the addition of OCT-598 to the lung cancer standard-of-care regimen (anti-PD-1 plus chemotherapy) in TC-1 mouse lung adenocarcinoma model gave rise to complete tumor regression. In conclusion, dual blockade of EP2 and EP4 by OCT-598 is shown to be a compelling strategy to reinforce antitumor effects by thwarting PGE2-mediated therapy resistance and immune evasion.Findings from this study provide a rationale for clinical development of OCT-598 as a therapeutic option for human malignant cancers. Citation Format: Youngrae Lee, Sujeong Baek, Dong Kwon Kim, Yeri Lee, Donggeon Kim, Seongin Jo, Sang Kyun Lim, Young Sook Shin, Soonsang Kwon, Seung Min Yang, Young Taek Kim, Seong-San Kang, Chun-Bong Synn, Kwangmin Na, Mi Hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Yu Jin Han, Sungwoo Lee, Jae Hwan Kim, Mi Ran Yun, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Ji Yun Lee, Jii Bum Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Sun Min Lim, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Byoung Chul Cho, Taeyoung Yoon. OCT-598, a novel EP2/EP4 dual antagonist, promotes anti-tumor immune responses in syngeneic mouse tumor models in combination with standard-of-care chemo- and immunotherapies [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3234.
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Lee, Tae-Rim, Jin Mo Ahn, Joo Hyuk Sohn, Sook Ryun Park, Min Hwan Kim, Gun Min Kim, Ki-Byung Song, et al. "Abstract 6371: Deep learning algorithm for multi-cancer detection and classification using cf-WGS." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 6371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-6371.
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Abstract Purpose: Several cell-free DNA (cf-DNA) features, such as genome-wide coverage, fragment size, and fragment end motif frequency, have shown their potentials for cancer detection. In this study, we developed two independent models, GC (gross chromatin), and FEMS (fragment end motif frequency and size). Each model uses images generated from genome-wide normalized sequencing coverage and cf-DNA fragment end motif frequencies according to the different cf-DNA size profiles. Then we integrated them into a single ensemble model to improve cancer detection and multi-cancer type classification accuracy. Methods: Low depth cf-WGS data was generated from 1,396 patients (stage I: 14.9%, stage II: 35.6%, stage III: 24.9%, stage IV: 24.2%, unknown: 0.4%) with breast (n=702), liver (n=213), esophageal (n=155), ovarian (n=151), pancreatic (n=85), lung (n=53), head and neck (n=16), biliary tract (n=15), and colon cancer (n=6) and 417 healthy individuals. Samples were randomly split into training, validation, and test set stratifying cancer type and stages. Cancer types with a small number of samples (<20) were excluded for multi-cancer type classification. Each model was trained using a convolutional neural network, then integrated into a single ensemble model by averaging the predicted probabilities calculated from each model. Results: For cancer detection, the ensemble model achieved sensitivities of 85.2% [95% confidence interval (CI): 71.8% to 94.5%], 74.9% (CI: 68.0% to 88.0%), 73.2% (CI: 66.7% to 85.9%) at a specificity of 95%, 98% and 99% and the AUC value of 0.97(CI: 0.95-0.99) in the test dataset. By the cancer stages, sensitivity was 62.8% (CI: 48.8% to 83.7%) in stage I, 66.3% (CI: 57.7% to 82.7%) in stage II, 85.9% (CI: 77.5% to 94.4%) in stage III, and 76.1% (CI: 63.4% to 87.3%) in stage IV at 99% specificity. For multi-cancer classification, the overall accuracy of 85.1% (CI: 80.4% to 89.3%) was achieved including 6 cancer types. Conclusions: Highly sensitive and accurate deep learning model for cancer detection and multi-cancer classification was generated by combining different types of cf-DNA features. This result provides the opportunity for general population multi-cancer screening using various cf-DNA features. Citation Format: Tae-Rim Lee, Jin Mo Ahn, Joo Hyuk Sohn, Sook Ryun Park, Min Hwan Kim, Gun Min Kim, Ki-Byung Song, Eunsung Jun, Dongryul Oh, Jeong-Won Lee, Joseph J Noh, Young Sik Park, Sun-Young Kong, Sang Myung Woo, Bo Hyun Kim, Eui Kyu Chie, Hyun-Cheol Kang, Youn Jin Choi, Ki-Won Song, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Junnam Lee, Dasom Kim, Chang-Seok Ki, Eunhae Cho. Deep learning algorithm for multi-cancer detection and classification using cf-WGS [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 6371.
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Lim, Sun Min, Chun-Bong Synn, Seong-san Kang, DongKwon Kim, Soo-Hwan Lee, Sujeong Baek, Seung Min Yang, et al. "Abstract 5865: Combinatorial activity of amivantamab and pembrolizumab in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma expressing wild-type EGFR and MET." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 5865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5865.
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Abstract Introduction: Unmet needs exist for immunotherapy targeting PD-1/PD-L1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) due to its suboptimal response. Amivantamab, a bispecific antibody targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c-Met, has been demonstrated to induce antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and trogocytosis in tumor cells. We hypothesized that combination of amivantamab with pembrolizumab may synergistically enhance antitumor immunity. In this study, we present comprehensive immunomodulatory and synergistic antitumor efficacy of amivantamab and pembrolizumab in humanized HNSCC and LUSC mice models. Methods: EGFR and MET-expressing tumors from a HNSCC and a LUSC patient were transplanted into Hu-CD34-NSG to establish humanized patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Tumor-bearing PDXs were treated with vehicle, pembrolizumab (10mpk, Q5D, n=10), amivantamab (10mpk, BIW, n=10), or a combination of pembrolizumab and amivantamab (n=10). Analysis of immune modulatory responses within the tumor microenvironment (TME) using multiplexed IHC, flow cytometry, and single cell RNA sequencing was performed. Results: Combination of amivantamab and pembrolizumab showed a significant reduction of tumor volume (p<0.001) compared to vehicle or single treatment in both models. Additionally, significantly longer survival was observed for combination treated compared to the vehicle treated groups (p<0.0001). Multispectral imaging of tumor indicated that granzyme B-producing CD8+ T cells were significantly increased within the tumor in the combination group (p<0.01). Further analysis of T cell subsets suggested that central memory type CD8+ T cells were increased upon combination treatment. This group also demonstrated significantly higher CEA-tetramer positive CD8+ T cells in the tumor (p<0.01), suggesting that cytotoxic T cells recognizing tumor specific antigens enhanced antitumor immune response. Single cell RNA sequencing analysis of HNSCC showed that an EGFRhighMEThigh cluster was enriched in the TME after pembrolizumab treatment. This subcluster had elevated glycolysis and lactic acid pathway-related genes compared to EGFRlowMETlow cluster. Lactate transporter, MCT4 (SLC16A3) and LDHA genes were dramatically increased in the EGFRhighMEThigh cluster. Elevated lactic acid pathway may lead to immune evasion in the tumor, dampening the activity of pembrolizumab. Interestingly, combination treatment with amivantamab could reduce EGFRhighMEThigh cluster, and could effectively control tumor via creating favorable immune TME. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated combinatorial benefits of amivantamab and pembrolizumab by effectively remodeling TME, providing a preclinical rationale to clinically combine amivantamab and PD-1 blockade treatments. Citation Format: Sun Min Lim, Chun-Bong Synn, Seong-san Kang, DongKwon Kim, Soo-Hwan Lee, Sujeong Baek, Seung Min Yang, Yu Jin Han, Mi hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Kwangmin Na, Young Taek Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Mi Ran Yun, Jae Hwan Kim, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Jii Bum Lee, Ji Yun Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Joshua Curtin, Bharvin Patel, Isabelle Bergiers. Combinatorial activity of amivantamab and pembrolizumab in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and lung squamous cell carcinoma expressing wild-type EGFR and MET [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5865.
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Wang, Yuehan, and Skylar Gao. "ITMIG 2018—Prof. Chang Hyun Kang: enthusiasm is important for a successful career." Mediastinum 2 (December 2018): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/med.2018.11.01.
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Lee, Seong Eun, Seongyeol Park, Shinae Yi, Joonoh Lim, Na Rae Choi, JungHak Kwak, June-Young Koh, et al. "Abstract 6069: Genomic and transcriptomic characterization of medullary thyroid cancer." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 6069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-6069.
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Abstract Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare thyroid malignancy derived from the parafollicular C cells of thyroid gland. It features relatively aggressive biologic behavior among thyroid cancers, but its genomic landscape has not yet been fully explored. Here, we conducted multi-omics data (whole genome sequencing (WGS), and bulk (bulk RNA-seq) or single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq)) on MTC, and found genetic characteristics of MTC and a new gene signature predicting aggressiveness of tumors. WGS was performed for 35 pairs of tumor specimens and normal thyroid tissues from 30 patients. And bulk RNA-seq for 59 samples (20 normal thyroid tissues, 26 primary MTCs, 9 recurred lymph nodes, and 4 metastatic lymph nodes) and snRNA-seq for 3 primary MTCs, and 2 recurred/metastatic lymph nodes were also performed. In WGS results, we verified driver mutations, including RET, RAS, and BRAF. Four patients were classified as germline RET mutations based on familial history. Somatic RET M918T mutations were occurred in 8 patients, 9 patients were observed other RET mutations. Also, we observed other somatic mutations such as HRAS and BRAF. Seven patients occurred somatic HRAS mutations (Q61L, Q61R, G13R, A11 and G15), and somatic BRAF mutations (G469A, K601E) were observed in two patients. We found broad-level copy-number alterations in ~50% of patients, and we also found a patient who shows whole-genome duplication. The copy-number alteration was associated with aggressive phenotype in MTC. In addition, we found complex rearrangements such as microhomology-mediated break-induced replication in five patients. Interestingly, we found intra-tumoral heterogeneity of several genes related to C cell differentiation through snRNA-seq analysis by comparing clusters of tumor cells. Using the genes, we calculated the C cell differentiation score of the samples with bulk RNA-seq by GSVA algorithm. This score was related to poor clinical characteristics such as recurrence. In conclusion, multi-omics profiling of MTC reveals that copy number alterations and C cell differentiation status are the important biomarkers for cancer aggressiveness. Citation Format: Seong Eun Lee, Seongyeol Park, Shinae Yi, Joonoh Lim, Na Rae Choi, JungHak Kwak, June-Young Koh, Boram Yi, Jaemo Koo, Jae Won Chang, Young Seok Ju, Bon Seok Koo, Jin Man Kim, Young Joo Park, Minho Shong, Eun Kyung Lee, Jae Kyung Won, Yea Eun Kang, Kyu Eun Lee. Genomic and transcriptomic characterization of medullary thyroid cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6069.
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Min, Arim, Chun-bong Synn, Seong-san Kang, Bo-eun Kwon, Junwon Yang, Hyunkyung Park, Jieun Im, et al. "Abstract 6433: A novel bacterial strain, CJRB-101, induces anti-cancer effects by repolarization of M2 to CXCL9 and CXCL10 dual expressing M1 macrophages in humanized non-small cell lung cancer mice models." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 6433. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-6433.
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Abstract Backgrounds: Live biotherapeutic products (LBPs) emerged as potential therapeutics to overcome the limitation of ICIs. This research shows that CJRB-101, a novel bacterial strain, can improve anti-tumor effects in synergy with pembrolizumab in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Objectives and Methods: Tumors from NSCLC patients (anti-PD-1 refractory and resistant) were transplanted into Hu-CD34-NSG to establish humanized patient-derived xenograft (PDX) mice models. Five models (YHIM-2003, 2004, 2009, 2010 and 2014) were treated with CJRB-101 at low (5 × 107 CFU) or high (109 CFU) doses, or with pembrolizumab (10 mg/kg, i.p., Q5D) or in combination. Tumor growth inhibition (TGI) rate was measured. Tumor microenvironment (TME) was analyzed using multiplex IHC, flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing. Ex-vivo assays were performed to validate in silico findings. Results: Tumor in PDX models was unresponsive to pembrolizumab alone, however, in combination with CJRB-101 effectively suppressed tumor growth. The synergy was highlighted in YHIM-2009 where TGI was 10-fold higher (56%) than pembrolizumab group (5%). Immune profiling revealed that macrophages may be responsible for the anti-tumor effects of CJRB-101. IHC showed significantly increased antigen presenting specialized DCs (CD16+CD68−CD11c+) and granzyme B+ CD8+ T cells in the tumor by CJRB-101 compared to pembrolizumab (p<0.01). This suggested that CJRB-101 induced infiltration of cytotoxic CD8 T cells into the tumor nest by enhancing antigen presenting machinery. Trajectory analysis showed that CJRB-101 induced repolarization of M2 to M1 macrophages, characterized by high expression of CXCL9/10. CXCL9+/10+ M1 macrophages were comparatively more abundant in the combination group (23.11%) than the pembrolizumab group (0.91%). CXCL9/CXCL10 expression in macrophages was higher in the CJRB-101 group compared to the pembrolizumab group (p<0.0001). The combination group (10.84%) had a higher relative abundance of CD8+ T cells compared to the pembrolizumab group (1.58%) and higher IFNγ expression in CD8+ T cells compared to the pembrolizumab group (p=0.0152), suggesting that CJRB-101 repolarized macrophages and recruited active CD8+ T cells. Co-culture assays using bone marrow-derived macrophages validated that CJRB-101 drove differentiation towards F4/80+ or MHC II+ expressing M1 macrophage (p<0.0001) and repolarized existing M2 (CD206+) to M1 (p=0.0002). Conclusion: Combination treatment of CJRB-101 with anti-PD-1 showed synergistic anti-tumor effects via repolarization of M2 to M1 macrophages, leading to activation of CD8+ T cells in TME. Especially, CXCL9+/10+ M1 macrophage playing a key role in TGI induced by CJRB-101 in NSCLC models. Findings from this study provided rationale for clinical investigation of CJRB-101. Citation Format: Arim Min, Chun-bong Synn, Seong-san Kang, Bo-eun Kwon, Junwon Yang, Hyunkyung Park, Jieun Im, Hyunjeong Kim, Sujeong Beak, Dong Kwon Kim, Jii Bum Lee, Hyeonseok Oh, Seung Min Yang, Yu Jin Han, Mi hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Kwangmin Na, Young Taek Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Mi Ran Yun, Jae Hwan Kim, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Ji Yun Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Sun Min Lim, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Byoung Chul Cho. A novel bacterial strain, CJRB-101, induces anti-cancer effects by repolarization of M2 to CXCL9 and CXCL10 dual expressing M1 macrophages in humanized non-small cell lung cancer mice models [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6433.
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Lee, Seul, Jae-Hwan Kim, Kwangmin Na, Seung Min Yang, Dong Kwon Kim, Sujeong Baek, Seong-san Kang, et al. "Abstract 6780: Characterization of immunological heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment by integrated analyses using single cell RNAseq, spatial RNAseq and multiplex IHC." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 6780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-6780.
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Abstract Heterogeneity in resistant to immunotherapies of tumor microenvironment (TME) has been implicated in immunotherapies to cause immune evasion or drug resistance. This study was conducted to explore the heterogeneity of TME through multiplex IHC, spatial and RNA sequencing analysis. We selected a sample from a lung adenocarcinoma patient without EGFR-activating mutation and expressing 30% of PD-L1. For quantitative analysis by multiplex IHC, various markers including CD4, CD8, FoxP3, granzyme B, CD20 and pan-cytokeratin were stained with 7 different fluorescence dyes, which was imaged with Vectra Polaris (Akoya). For scRNAseq and spatial RNAseq, we used 5’ chromium library kit (10X Genomics) to make library construction. Integrated raw data was generated using Cell ranger, Seurat pipeline and Azimuth package. The tumor area was divided into 16 clusters in which we selected 2 clusters based on CD3/45 expression. There was a noticeable distinction between the two clusters which were defined as the ‘High’ region (CD45highCD3high cluster) and the ‘Low’ region (CD45lowCD3low cluster). By multiplex IHC, percentage of CD8+T cells was higher in the ‘High’ region than in the ‘Low’ region (8.5% vs. 0.8%, respectively). Subsequent analysis of two clusters using spatial and single cell RNA seq, the ‘Low’ region was characterized by increased hypoxia-associated gene expressions including HIF1A, HIF3A and VEGFA. Various immune cells were abundant in the ‘High’ region and CD45 expression level was 11-fold higher in the ‘High’ region compared to the ‘Low’ region. Cytokine/chemokine network analysis via spatial RNAseq revealed that gene expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family-associated factors increased in the 'High' region compared to the ‘Low’ region (TNF, FAS, TRAIL, RANKL and CD40), which is well-known to promotes apoptosis, programmed cell death, or necrosis of certain cancer. Additionally, the ‘High’ region also had elevated levels of the PD-1/PD-L1, CD155, CD122/TIGIT, Siglec10/CD24, LAG3/LAGLS3, and CD47/CD172a axes, suggesting active immune responses. Intriguingly, combined analyses showed that ‘High’ region showed enhanced level of CD44 expression as the leading-edged gene, which suggests the metastatic potential of tumor cells. Furthermore, scRNA analysis confirmed that CD44 expression was mainly higher in macrophages, suggesting that tumor-associated macrophages partially affected tumor cell metastasis in the ‘High’ region. Our finding suggests that understanding the intratumoral immunological heterogeneity of lung adenocarcinoma can help to study the mechanism of tumor heterogeneity by integrated spatial RNAseq and scRNAseq analyses. This type of technique could be applied to understand complex networks of anti-tumor immune activities, drug resistance mechanisms and immunotherapeutic response of cancer. Citation Format: Seul Lee, Jae-Hwan Kim, Kwangmin Na, Seung Min Yang, Dong Kwon Kim, Sujeong Baek, Seong-san Kang, Yu Jin Han, Chun-Bong Synn, Mi hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Young Taek Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Ji Yun Lee, Jii Bum Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Sun Min Lim, Kyoung-Ho Pyo, Byoung Chul Cho. Characterization of immunological heterogeneity in the tumor microenvironment by integrated analyses using single cell RNAseq, spatial RNAseq and multiplex IHC [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 6780.
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Kang, Hye Seon, In Kyoung Kim, Chang Dong Yeo, Jin Woo Kim, and Sang Haak Lee. "Abstract 3947: S100A8/A9-RAGE pathway and chronic airway inflammation in cigarette smoke-induced lung carcinogenesis." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 3947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-3947.
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Abstract Background: Cigarette smoke-induced chronic airway inflammation increases the risk of lung cancer, and plays a multifaceted role in lung cancer initiation and progression, and RAGE-ligand axis (HMGB1, S100A8/A9) contributes Cigarette smoke-induced persistent and progressive inflammation. The aim of the present study was to determine the inflammatory effect on S100A8/A9-RAGE pathway in smoke-induced carcinogenesis in lung cancer. Methods: Human alveolar adenocarcinoma cells (A549) and normal bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) were co-cultured for 24 h with the PBMC and then, cells were incubated in the presence or absence of 1.5% cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for 24 h. The cells transfected with siRNA targeting S100A8/9 or RAGE. The cell viability, colony-forming ability, migration, invasion, metastasis and morphological changes were assessed. Female A/J mice were given a benzo(a)pyrene (100mg/kg) in 0.1 ml corn oil via oral gavage at once a week for 3 weeks, and administrated CSE (1.25 ul/g) via intratracheal (IT) at twice a week for 4 weeks. Tumor load was determined by averaging the total tumor volume in each group. BAL differential cells were counted to analyze inflammatory cells. Results: Cellular growth and colony-forming were promoted by exposure to CSE, and significantly inhibited by S100A8/9 and RAGE-siRNA transfection, especially in A549 cells than BEAS-2B. Cell migration, invasion, MMP-2/9 activities, and the mRNA and protein expression of TLR4, NF-κB, RAGE, S100A8/9 and HMBG1 were higher in CSE exposed A549 cells. S100A8/9 and RAGE-siRNA transfection attenuated those expression, significantly. B(a)P induced an average tumor volume 7.28 mm3 per mouse, and CSE significantly increased tumor volume (8.10 mm3) compared to the B(a)P group. The total cell number and lymphocytes in BAL fluids tended to increase after CSE administration in lung cancer mouse group. Moreover, CSE significantly induced the levels of S100A8/9 and RAGE, p38 and p-ERK, and decreased JNK in serum and tumors with adjacent lung tissues (p < 0.05). Conclusions: We identified cigarette smoke-induced S100A8/A9-RAGE pathway promoted airway inflammation and lung carcinogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Although S100A8/A9 protein contributes to many types of disease, this study will help us gain a better understanding of the complexities of cancer progression. Further studies are needed for therapeutic target of cigarette smoke-induced inflammation and immunosuppression in tumor microenviornment. Citation Format: Hye Seon Kang, In Kyoung Kim, Chang Dong Yeo, Jin Woo Kim, Sang Haak Lee. S100A8/A9-RAGE pathway and chronic airway inflammation in cigarette smoke-induced lung carcinogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 3947.
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KLUGE, NIKITA, PANDIARAJAN SRINIVASAN, T. SIVARUBAN, S. BARATHY, and RAJASEKARAN ISACK. "Contribution to the knowledge of the subgenus Tenuibaetis Kang & Yang 1994 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae, Baetis s. l.)." Zootaxa 5277, no. 2 (May 2, 2023): 201–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5277.2.1.
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The taxon Tenuibaetis Kang & Yang (in Kang, Chang & Yang) 1994 is accepted here as a subgenus of the genus Baetis Leach 1815, but not as a genus. In connection with this, new combinations are established: Baetis (Tenuibaetis) parvipterus (Fujitani et al. 2011) comb. n., Baetis (Tenuibaetis) fujitanii (Kaltenbach & Gattolliat 2019) comb. n., Baetis (Tenuibaetis) himani (Kubendran et al. in Kubendran et al. 2022) comb. n., Baetis (Tenuibaetis) kangi (Kubendran et al. in Kubendran et al. 2022) comb. n. and Baetis (Tenuibaetis) panhai (Suttinun et al. 2022) comb. n. Based on reared material, imagines of both sexes and larvae of Baetis (Tenuibaetis) ursinus Kazlauskas 1963, Baetis (Tenuibaetis) hissaricus Novikova 1991, Baetis (Tenuibaetis) frequentus Müller-Liebenau & Hubbard 1985 (= Indobaetis michaelohubbardi Selva-kumar et al. 2012, syn. n.) and B. (T.) fujitanii are redescribed. B. (T.) panhai is redescribed based on subimago reared from larva. Two new species from Southern India, Baetis (Tenuibaetis) kaltenbachi sp. n. and Baetis (Tenuibaetis) bialatus sp. n. are described based on imagines reared from larvae. A new species from Thailand, Baetis (Tenuibaetis) octomaculatus sp. n. is described based on imagines reared from larvae.
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Vitiello, Giovanni. "The Cambridge History of Chinese Literature ed. by Kang-I Sun Chang and Stephen Owen." China Review International 20, no. 1-2 (2013): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cri.2013.0032.
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Zhang, Junqing, Xia Liu, Naiguang Fu, Mingsheng Liu, and Yinfeng Tan. "Systemic exposure of quercetin after administration of Feng-Liao-Chang-Wei-Kang granules to rats." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 133, no. 2 (January 2011): 911–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2010.10.014.
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Kim, DongKwon, Sujeong Baek, Seung Min Yang, Yu Jin Han, Seong-san Kang, Chun-Bong Synn, Mi Hyun Kim, et al. "Abstract 5107: A novel AhR inhibitor ‘DA-4505’ improved the anti-cancer efficacy of surgical and chemotherapy via synergistic anti-tumor effects of aPD-1." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 5107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-5107.
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Abstract Background: The Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is one of the most predominant regulators of cancer metabolism. The AhR exerts important immunosuppressive functions by activating Treg cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells and repressing CD8+ effector T cells. Here, we propose that a best-in-class AhR inhibitor, DA-4505, improves anti-tumor efficacy via modulation of tumor immune surveillance compared to BAY2416964, an AHR antagonist drug candidate being studied in the clinical phase. Methods: To evaluate anti-tumor effects of DA-4505 and BAY2416964, the two AhR inhibitors were dosed at 10 mg/kg once daily alone or in combination with aPD-1 (10 mg/kg) in surgical and chemotherapy models, and a PDX model (YHIM2004). Tumor volume, relapse, and survival were evaluated, and immune profiles were analyzed with IHC, flow cytometry, and scRNAseq. Results: A significant tumor reduction appeared in the CT26 and 4T1 tumor models after the DA-4505 treatment compared to vehicle group (P<0.05). In contrast, DA-4505 treatment did not induce significant tumor regression compared to vehicle group in tumor-bearing NOG mice, suggesting that anti-tumor effects of DA-4505 were driven by immunologic mechanisms. To evaluate the role of DA-4505 in conjunction with surgery, DA-4505 alone or in combination with anti-PD-1 was given prior to and following resection of the tumors in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice. Survival of mice treated with DA-4505 alone or DA-4505 combined with anti-PD-1 was significantly prolonged after resection compared to aPD-1 treatment group (P<0.05). In addition, there were four mice that did not have a relapse by treating DA-4505 with or without aPD-1 after surgery (4/5). A tumor regression also appeared in the YHIM2004-engrafted humanized mouse study. A tumor reduction was shown by treating DA-4505 alone or in combination with pembrolizumab compared to vehicle group (P<0.05). Next, we co-administered an AhR inhibitor and aPD-1 as a partner to improve the antitumor effects of chemotherapy. The DA-4505 add-on group showed tumor regression when compared with the combination therapy group treated with aPD-1 and chemotherapy (P<0.0001). In addition, a significant increase in survival rate was shown in the group treated with a DA-4505 add-on compared to vehicle group (P<0.001). Analysis of scRNAseq showed that M1 macrophage expressing CCL7 and CCL8 were increased in DA-4505 treated group compared to the vehicle and aPD-1 groups. This suggests that immune modulatory effect of DA-4505 may be due to enhanced recruitment of immune cells into the tumor site by macrophages with high chemotactic activity. Conclusion: The AhR inhibitor DA-4505 demonstrated an improvement in anti-tumor efficacy. In addition, it has shown a synergistic effect when combined with aPD-1. Discoveries from this study provide a preclinical rationale for future clinical implications in solid tumor. Citation Format: DongKwon Kim, Sujeong Baek, Seung Min Yang, Yu Jin Han, Seong-san Kang, Chun-Bong Synn, Mi Hyun Kim, Heekyung Han, Kwangmin Na, Young Taek Kim, Sungwoo Lee, Taedong Han, Hyounmie Doh, Jongho Cho, Dajeong Kim, Daewon Cha, Jae Hwan Kim, Youngseon Byeon, Young Seob Kim, Mi Ran Yun, Ji Yun Lee, Jii Bum Lee, Chang Gon Kim, Min Hee Hong, Sun Min Lim, Byoung Chul Cho, Kyoung-Ho Pyo. A novel AhR inhibitor ‘DA-4505’ improved the anti-cancer efficacy of surgical and chemotherapy via synergistic anti-tumor effects of aPD-1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5107.
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Huang, Ling, Pan-Li Ni, Shu-Hong Tian, Zhao-Xin Yang, Jun-Qing Zhang, Fan Yang, Li-Fan Zhong, Lian-Fang Gan, and Mian-Qing Huang. "Feng-liao-chang-wei-kang is synergistic with 5-fluorouracil in inhibiting proliferation of colorectal cancer." Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 12, no. 14 (2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1995-7645.271979.
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Munawar Yusro, Muhamad, and Retantyo Wardoyo. "Aplikasi Metode Fuzzy Multi-Attribute Decision Making Berbasis Web dalam Pemilihan Calon Kepala Daerah di Indonesia." IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems) 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijccs.3056.
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AbstrakSejak tahun 2005 di Indonesia sudah dilaksanakan pemilihan kepala daerah (pilkada) secara langsung mulai dari pemilihan kepala desa, bupati, walikota sampai dengan gubernur. Majalah SwaSembada menyebutkan ada pemilihan langsung untuk 500 anggota DPR; 33 gubernur, serta sekitar 460 pemilihan untuk jabatan bupati dan wali kota. Dalam penelitian ini dibuat sebuah aplikasi yang mampu mensimulasikan suatu bentuk aplikasi pengambilan keputusan kasus Penentuan Pilihan Calon Kepala Daerah di Indonesia menggunakan metode Fuzzy MADM yang dikembangkan oleh Moon Hyun Joo dan Chang Sun Kang. Sistem ini mempunyai kemampuan menampung input kriteria yang diinginkan dari pengguna, alternatif pasangan calon, dan pada akhirnya mampu memberikan tampilan visual berupa himpunan solusi terbaik dari beberapa alternatif yang diberikan menggunakan metode perangkingan Nilai Total integral. Dari dua kasus pemilihan bupati yang diujikan ternyata hasil perangkingan tidak selalu sama tergantung dari tingkat keoptimisan (a) yang dipakai. Kata kunci— fuzzy, fmadm, pemilihan kepala daerah AbstractSince 2005, in Indonesia the election of regional leader (pilkada) has been held directly start from election of countryside head, regent, mayor up to governor. SwaSembada Magazine mentioned that there are direct elections to elect 500 members of DPR; 33 governors, and also about 460 elections for the occupation of lord mayor and regent. The aim of this research is to create an application which is capable to simulate a Decision Making System in the case of Determination the Choice in the Election of Regional Leader in Indonesia using the Fuzzy MADM method developed by Moon Hyun Joo and Chang Sun Kang. This system is able to accomodate the criterion input as the consumer want, alternative of candidate couple, and finally can give the visual appearance in the form of best solution gathering from some given alternatives using the Nilai Total integral sort method. This system has been implemented in two elections of Regional Leader, and from the test can be concluded that the result of the sort is not always the same. It depends on the optimism storey level (a) that used in the system. Keywords— fuzzy, fmadm, election of regional leader
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Niu, Jun, Jiami He, Yurong Li, and Saifei Zhang. "Highway Temporal-Spatial Traffic Flow Performance Estimation by Using Gantry Toll Collection Samples: A Deep Learning Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (August 31, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8711567.
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In order to accurately predict the short-time traffic flow of highways, to achieve the purpose of alleviating highway traffic congestion, saving travel time, and reducing energy waste and pollution, this paper considers the spatiotemporal characteristics of the road network, uses the advantages of long short-term memory network (LSTM) to analyze time series data, divides time intervals to collect traffic flow, and substitutes it into the model. Make traffic flow predictions. Three evaluation indicators, mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE), were used for training and testing on the section k602 + 630-k636 + 090 of Chang-Jiu Expressway. It is divided into average data with intervals of 1, 3, 5, and 10 minutes for prediction. The results show that each index obtained by dividing the scale of 1 minute is the smallest, which proves that the suitable prediction scale of road traffic flow is 1 minute.
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Nguyen, Quang-Khoi, Thi-Phuong-Loan Nguyen, Van-Tuan Huynh, Nguyet-Thuan Phan, and Huynh-Tuan-Anh Nguyen. "efficient decay model for studying the luminous flux behavior of phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes." Photonics Letters of Poland 15, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 72–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v15i4.1250.
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We proposed a new idea for testing the thermal decay of light source under the effect of heat where the lux meter is used rather than using the integrating sphere and the thermal camera is used rather than thermocouple. The thermal decay behavior of the light is detected by using the lux meter. The thermal camera can be used to provide the temperature value as well as the temperature distribution of the measured surface which is more convenient than by using the thermocouple. This fitting model is useful for finding out the decay rate of output light under thermal effect. Full Text: PDF References E.F. Schubert and J. K. Kim, "Solid-State Light Sources Getting Smart", Science 308, 1274-1278 (2005). CrossRef E.F. Schubert, Light-emitting diodes (Cambridge University Press, 2006). CrossRef N. Narendran and Y. Gu, "Life of LED-based white light sources", J. Disp. Technol. 1, 167-171 (2005). CrossRef Y.Y. Chang, Z.Y. Ting, C.Y. Chen, T.H. Yang, and C.C. Sun, "Design of Optical Module With High Stability, High Angular Color Uniformity, and Adjustable Light Distribution for Standard Lamps", J. Disp. Technol. 10, 223-227 (2014). CrossRef C.C. Sun, C.Y. Chen, C.C. Chen, C.Y. Chiu, Y.N. Peng, Y.H. Wang, T.H. Yang, T.Y. Chung, and C.Y. Chung, "High uniformity in angular correlated-color-temperature distribution of white LEDs from 2800K to 6500K", Opt. Express 20, 6622-6630 (2012). CrossRef C.C. Sun, Q.K. Nguyen, T.X. Lee, S.K. Lin, C.S. Wu, T.H. Yang, and Y.W. Yu. "Active thermal-fuse for stopping blue light leakage of white light-emitting diodes driven by constant current", Sci. Rep. 12, 12433 (2022). CrossRef Q.K. Nguyen, Y.J. Lin, C. Sun, X.H. Lee, S.K. Lin, C.S. Wu, T.H. Yang, T.L. Wu, T.X. Lee, C.H. Chien, Y.W. Yu & C.C. "GaN-based mini-LED matrix applied to multi-functional forward lighting", Sun. Sci. Rep. 12, 6444 (2022). CrossRef T.T. N. Le, C.T. Liao, S.K. Lin, C.S. Wu, Q.K. Nguyen, T.H. Yang, Y.W. Yu, and C.C. Sun. "Study of banana preservation extension by UVC radiation in precise monitoring LED irradiation cavity", Sci. Rep. 12, 21352 (2022). CrossRef N. Narendran, Y. Gu. "Life of LED-based white light sources", J. Disp. Technol. 1, 167 (2005). CrossRef G.H. Xiao, W.J. Du, Z.Y. Wang, G.L. Chen, L.H. Zhu , Y.L. Gao , Z. Chen , Z.Q. Guo, Y.J. Lu. "Two-Dimensional Transient Temperature Distribution Measurement of GaN Light-Emitting Diode Using High Speed Camera", IEEE J. Electron Devices Soc. 9, 663-666 (2021). CrossRef N. Han, T.V. Cuong, M. Han, B.D. Ryu, S. Chandramohan, J.B. Park, J.H. Kang, Y.J. Park, K.B. Ko, H.Y. Kim, H.K. Kim, J.H. Ryu, Y.S. Katharria, C.J. Choi, C.H. Hong. "Improved heat dissipation in gallium nitride light-emitting diodes with embedded graphene oxide pattern", Nat Commun 4, 1452 (2013) CrossRef M. Cai, D.G. Yang, K.M. Tian, P. Zhang, X.P. Chen, L.L. Liu, G.Q. Zhang. "Step-stress accelerated testing of high-power LED lamps based on subsystem isolation method", Microelectron Reliab 55, 1784 (2015). CrossRef K.S. Chang, S.C. Yang, J.Y. Kim, M.H. Kook, S.Y. Ryu, H.Y. Choi, G.H. Kim. "Precise Temperature Mapping of GaN-Based LEDs by Quantitative Infrared Micro-Thermography", Sensors 12, 4648-4660 (2012). CrossRef Y. Gao, J. Jin, Y.J. Ruan, Y.L. Gao, L.H. Zhu, Z.Q. Guo, Y. Lin, Z. Chen, and Y.J. Lu. "Two-dimensional temperature distribution measurement of light-emitting diodes by micro-hyperspectral imaging-based reflected light method", Optics Express 27, 7945 (2019). CrossRef B.L. Liang , Z.L. Wang , C. Qian , Y. Ren , B. Sun , D.Z. Yang , Z. Jing and J.J. Fan. "Investigation of Step-Stress Accelerated Degradation Test Strategy for Ultraviolet Light Emitting Diodes", Materials 12, 3119 (2019). CrossRef J. Hegedüs, G. Hantos, A. Poppe. "Lifetime Modelling Issues of Power Light Emitting Diodes", Energies 13, 3370 (2020). CrossRef A. Alexeev, J.P. Linnartz, G. Onushkin, K. Arulandu, G. Martin. "Dynamic response-based LEDs health and temperature monitoring", Measurement 156, 107599 (2020). CrossRef K. Paisnik, G. Rang and T. Rang. "Life-time characterization of LEDs", Est J. Eng 17, 241 (2011). CrossRef A. Vaskuri, P. Kärhä, H. Baumgartner, O. Kantamaa, T. Pulli, T. Poikonen, E. Ikonen. "Relationships between junction temperature, electroluminescence spectrum and ageing of light-emitting diodes", Metrologia 55, S86 (2018). CrossRef
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Oh, Yun Joo. "A Study of a Novel Education Plan as Social Justice Education: Focusing on Chang Kang Myoung’s “Fired”." Korean Association For Learner-Centered Curriculum And Instruction 20, no. 19 (October 15, 2020): 409–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2020.20.19.409.
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Bang, Yeong Hak, Ji Hye Choi, Kyunghee Park, Jinyeong Lim, Dae Hee Pyo, Yong Beom Cho, Tae-You Kim, et al. "Abstract 6434: Microenvironment of adjacent non-neoplastic regions determines prognostic outcomes in locally advanced colorectal cancer after surgical resection: A multi-center & multi-omics study." Cancer Research 84, no. 6_Supplement (March 22, 2024): 6434. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2024-6434.
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Abstract Background: There is an unmet need for additive predictive biomarkers for the recurrence of stage II/III colorectal cancer (CRC) after surgery. We hypothesized that the heterogeneities of tumors present a substantial impediment to finding agnostic biomarkers. To avoid this, we focused on the normal tissue from the margins of resected specimens. Methods: We divide the groups using RNA sequencing derived from 273 tumors and 273 paired normal tissues from 5 Korean cancer centers. Groups were defined as follows: tumor-like microenvironment in normal mucosa (tNME): high level of tumor signature in normal mucosa; healthy normal microenvironment (hNME): low tumor signature in normal tissue. The impact of this classification was further evaluated in TCGA cohort. For the mechanistic explanation, we conducted 16s rRNA metagenomics and single-cell RNA sequencing from 47 patients and validated by spatial transcriptomics. Results: There were no significant differences between subgroups in baseline characteristics, including age, sex, medical centers, sidedness, stage and the distance between tumor and paired normal tissue. With a median follow-up of 58.2 months, the tNME group showed poor 5-year recurrence-free survival (54.7 vs. 73.0%, HR=1.94, P=0.002) and 5-year overall survival (OS; 78.2 vs. 83.0%, HR=1.76, P=0.033). In addition, tNME showed a trend toward poorer 5-year OS (34.5% vs. 68.8%, HR=3.76, P=0.071) in TCGA. The pathway analysis exhibited tNME had decreased maintenance of membrane while increased expression of humoral reaction to bacteria. Only the tNME group showed similar microbiome diversity between tumor and normal tissues, consisting of more proportion of carcinogenic genera, including fusobacterium and bacteroides than hNME. scRNA-seq revealed a positive co-occurrence of Th17, GZMKhighCD8+T cells, and IL1Bhigh neutrophils in the tumor and normal tissues of tNME. A high proportion of EMP1high epithelial cells, were observed in the tNME group, with upregulated epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), bacterial-cellular-invasion and leukocyte signaling pathways. The cell-cell interaction analysis suggest Th17 cells promote IL1Bhigh neutrophil retention, increasing crosstalk with CD8+ T cells, and inducing the production of high levels of GZMK, which in turn decreases E-cadherin in the intestinal epithelium. A weak intestinal barrier may provoke more bacteria-infected cancer cells, promoting cancer cell progression via EMT and recruiting IL1Bhigh neutrophils and GZMKhighCD8+T cells, resulting in a vicious cycle. Conclusions: The microenvironmental status of normal tissues offers a promising biomarker for stage II/III CRC. Microbiota dysbiosis-induced organized microniches with immune and epithelial cells was related to metachronous recurrence after surgical resection. Citation Format: Yeong Hak Bang, Ji Hye Choi, Kyunghee Park, Jinyeong Lim, Dae Hee Pyo, Yong Beom Cho, Tae-You Kim, Kyu Joo Park, Seung-Bum Ryoo, Sung-Bum Kang, Chang Sik Yu, Kil-yong Lee, Jaeim Lee, Jin-Young Lee, Young-Joon Kim, Woong-Yang Park. Microenvironment of adjacent non-neoplastic regions determines prognostic outcomes in locally advanced colorectal cancer after surgical resection: A multi-center & multi-omics study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 6434.
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Lo, Andrew. "Kang-I Sun Chang: Six Dynasties poetry, xviii, 216 pp. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1986. £21.50." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 51, no. 2 (June 1988): 369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x00115083.
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Kim, Jwa Hoon, Soohyeon Lee, Min Hee Hong, Jee Hyun Kim, Eun Joo Kang, Tae-Yong Kim, Yeon Hee Park, et al. "Abstract 5209: Hyperprogression in various solid cancers treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in the real world." Cancer Research 82, no. 12_Supplement (June 15, 2022): 5209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2022-5209.
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Abstract Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the cancer prognosis in various cancer types. However, ICIs may trigger accelerated tumor progression, regarded as hyperprogressive disease (HPD), in certain patients, and it is still challenging to define HPD. We aimed to investigate the landscape of HPD and the prognostic value of its different definitions in advanced solid cancer patients treated with ICIs. Methods: We conducted a multicenter, prospective cohort study for solid cancer patients receiving ICIs. Among them, only unresectable or metastatic cancer patients were included in this analysis. Tumor response was evaluated according to RECIST 1.1. In patients who showed progressive disease (PD) by RECIST 1.1 at the first tumor evaluation, HPD was defined according to the following three criteria: A) tumor growth kinetics (TGK) ratio (TGKpost-ICI/TGKpre-ICI >=2, B) >=10mm increase in sum of target lesion (SUMtarget)and at least one of the following two criteria - 1) >=40% increase in SUMtarget or 2) >=20% increase in SUMtarget and the appearance of new lesions in at least two different organs, C) TGK ratio >=2 and >50% increase in SUMtarget. The discriminatory ability of three definitions in terms of overall survival (OS) were evaluated by the chi-square, C-statistics, and prediction error with integrated Brier score. Results: A total of 427 patients were included; head and neck (n=22, 5.2%), lung (n=173, 40.5%), breast (n=8, 1.9%), gastrointestinal tract (n=99, 23.2%), hepatobiliary pancreas (n=57, 13.3%), genitourinary (n=56, 13.1%), melanoma (n=5, 1.2%), and others (n=7, 1.6%). Incidences of HPD were 4.9%, 14.8%, and 11.5% in definition A, B, C, respectively. The incidence of HPD was relatively low (2.7%-9.5%) in non-small cell lung cancer compared to other cancer types (10.1%-21.5% in esophagogastric cancer, 3.9%-21.6% in hepatobiliary pancreas cancer, and 5.5%-22.5% in genitourinary cancer). Median OS was the worst for patients with HPD, which ranged from 4.8 months to 4.9 months according to definition A-C. After multivariate analysis adjusting for cancer types, ICIs types, and the number of prior anti-cancer therapy, each definition remained a significant factor for OS (P<0.001, respectively). Both chi-square and C-statistics of definition B were higher than those of definition A and C, although prediction error with integrated brier scores was similar between three definitions. Conclusions: Incidences of HPD appear to be various according to its definitions and cancer types. Given that the RECIST-based definition B not requiring pre-ICI imaging, showed similar discriminatory ability to predict dismal OS compared to TGK-based ones, it may be the most feasible and convenient measure to capture HPD in daily clinical practice. Citation Format: Jwa Hoon Kim, Soohyeon Lee, Min Hee Hong, Jee Hyun Kim, Eun Joo Kang, Tae-Yong Kim, Yeon Hee Park, Ji-Youn Han, Il-Hwan Kim, Sang-We Kim, Dae Ho Lee, Jae Lyun Lee, Jae Cheol Lee, Chang-Min Choi, Changhoon Yoo, Shinkyo Yoon, Jae Ho Jeong, Seyoung Seo, Sun Young Kim, Jin-Hee Ahn, Sook Ryun Park. Hyperprogression in various solid cancers treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in the real world [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2022; 2022 Apr 8-13. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(12_Suppl):Abstract nr 5209.
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Kim, Jae Sik, Kyubo Kim, Wonguen Jung, Kyung Hwan Shin, Seock-Ah Im, Hee-Jun Kim, Yong Bae Kim, et al. "Abstract P1-21-01: Multicenter study for brain metastasis from breast cancer in Korea: The significance of molecular subtype (KROG 1612)." Cancer Research 82, no. 4_Supplement (February 15, 2022): P1–21–01—P1–21–01. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs21-p1-21-01.
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Abstract Background: We analyzed the treatment outcome of breast cancer patients with brain metastases (BM) in Korea to identify the prognostic factors and the role of whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT). Methods: Seven hundred thirty patients of breast cancer with BM treated at 17 institutions in Korea from 2000 to 2014 were analyzed. The median follow-up duration was 12 months. The analysis consisted of three cohorts: in cohort A, a total of 730 patients were included; in cohort B, 538 patients with available follow-up imaging after initial brain-directed treatment; and in cohort C, 54 patients receiving salvage WBRT due to recurrent BM after initial Stereotactic radiosurgery or WBRT. Overall survival (OS) was calculated from BM diagnosis in cohort A or from the last day of salvage WBRT in cohort C. Results: Median OS of cohort A was 15 months. In multivariate analysis, histologic grade 3, extracranial metastasis, number of BM >4, hormone receptor (HR) or HER2 negativity, and shorter time interval to diagnosis of BM were associated with inferior OS. Among 538 patients in cohort B, 201 showed subsequent development of new BM at a median of 11 months after stereotactic radiosurgery or WBRT for the management of initial BM (at 1 year, HR+/HER2- 51.9%, HER2+ 44.0%, and TNBC 69.6%, respectively; p=0.008). Upfront WBRT reduced subsequent development of new BM, which showed the significant difference among molecular subtypes (HR+/HER2-, 42% reduction at 1 year, p<0.001; HER2+, 18.5%, p=0.004; TNBC, 16.9%, p=0.071). Multivariate analysis of cohort B showed that shorter time interval to BM, TNBC subtype, extracranial systemic disease, number of BM >4, and involvement of both tentoria increased subsequent development of new BM. Anti-HER2 therapy for HER2+ patients and upfront WBRT significantly reduced risk of new BM. In cohort C, upfront WBRT prolonged the salvage WBRT-free duration (median 6.9 vs. 8.7 months, p=0.058). Median OS was 6.8 months after salvage WBRT. Longer interval to salvage WBRT, controlled primary tumor, high dose of salvage WBRT (BED10 >37.5 Gy), and systemic treatment after salvage WBRT showed better OS. Uncontrolled extracranial systemic disease and salvage WBRT due to local progression without distant intracranial failure showed worse OS. Conclusions: The rates of new BM showed the significant differences among molecular subtypes. Upfront WBRT decreased subsequent development of new BM and this effect was dependent on the molecular subtype as well. Anti-HER2 therapy for HER2+ patients significantly decreased the subsequent development of new BM. On salvage WBRT setting, the patients having high dose of salvage WBRT, stable extracranial systemic disease and subsequent systemic therapy showed better OS. Citation Format: Jae Sik Kim, Kyubo Kim, Wonguen Jung, Kyung Hwan Shin, Seock-Ah Im, Hee-Jun Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Jee Suk Chang, Jee Hyun Kim, Doo Ho Choi, Yeon Hee Park, Dae Yong Kim, Tae Hyun Kim, Byung Ock Choi, Sea-Won Lee, Suzy Kim, Jeanny Kwon, Ki Mun Kang, Woong-Ki Chung, Kyung Su Kim, Won Sup Yoon, Jin Hee Kim, Jihye Cha, Yoon Kyeong Oh, In Ah Kim. Multicenter study for brain metastasis from breast cancer in Korea: The significance of molecular subtype (KROG 1612) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2021 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2021 Dec 7-10; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-21-01.
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Lu, Min, Xinyu Fan, Yuanyuan Zheng, Weiqian Kong, Ruyi Ji, and Hui Xie. "Chang-Kang-Fang ameliorates irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea in rat by regulating gut microbiota and improving intestinal barrier." ScienceAsia 48, no. 2 (2022): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.2306/scienceasia1513-1874.2022.021.
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Birrell, Anne. "Six dynasties poetry. By Kang-i Sun Chang. pp. xviii, 216, illus. Princeton, NJ, Princeton University Press. 1986. £21.50." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain & Ireland 119, no. 1 (January 1987): 157–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0035869x00167541.
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Rhie, JoungHyun. "Strange Coexistence, Dystopia Called Unification - Focusing on the Fictional Unification Novel of Lee Eung-jun and Chang Kang-myoung." Korean Literature and Arts 50 (June 30, 2024): 35–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21208/kla.2024.06.50.35.
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Mao, Qian, Lei Shi, Zhi-Gang Wang, Yu-Hui Luo, Yin-Yu Wang, Xue Li, Min Lu, et al. "Chemical profiles and pharmacological activities of Chang-Kang-Fang, a multi-herb Chinese medicinal formula, for treating irritable bowel syndrome." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 201 (April 2017): 123–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2017.02.045.
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YANG, Fengge, Sihao ZHANG, Danmei TIAN, Guirong ZHOU, Xiyang TANG, Xinglong MIAO, Yi HE, Xinsheng YAO, and Jinshan TANG. "Deciphering chemical and metabolite profiling of Chang-Kang-Fang by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and its potential active components identification." Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines 21, no. 6 (June 2023): 459–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1875-5364(23)60474-1.
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Wen, I. Jyh, and Ming Jyh Lee. "The Appropriate Fire Prevention Technology for Historic Buildings." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 1373–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.1373.
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Historic buildings and Monuments in the precious historical and cultural heritage plays an extremely important position, with the characteristics of the rare, special and historical value. Over the years in Taiwan, The fire management deficiencies, Cause a fire to become the biggest killer on the destruction of historic monuments. In this study, Explore by referencing and comparing the major fire prevention regulations for historic buildings active and passive fire protection technology around the world, We can find more Active fire protection equipment is widely used . And the use of the superior characteristics of the water mist system in Long-Shan Temple in Lu-Kang, Chang-Hua County as an Empirical research, try to exemplify the way, make appropriate fire use in historic architecture the best program to explore. In conclusion, comparison of the application of various innovative active and passive fire prevention system , and use the appropriate fire prevention technology to design and planning to improve the fire safety for historic monuments and buildings is an important issue. According to the empirical research of “Long-Shan Temple”, we can find water mist technology suitable for historic buildings fire protection in Taiwan.
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Cutter, Robert Joe. "Six Dynasties Poetry. By Kang-I Sun Chang. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1986. xviii, 216 pp. Illustrations, Glossary, Selected Bibliography, Index. $30.00." Journal of Asian Studies 46, no. 3 (August 1987): 634–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2056914.
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Fan, Yan-Ting, Ping Zhong, Jin-Di Xu, Shan-Shan Zhou, Ming Kong, Gui-Rong Zhou, Qian Mao, and Song-Lin Li. "Integrating multiple-chromatographic approaches to evaluate chemical consistency of Chang-Kang-Fang preparations from mixed-herb decoction and combined single-herb decoction." Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis 203 (September 2021): 114186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114186.
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Zhong, Lifan, Fan Yang, Lianfang Gan, Zhaoxin Yang, Shuhong Tian, Mianqing Huang, Chuanzhu Lv, and Ling Huang. "Feng-Liao-Chang-Wei-Kang Combined with 5-Fluorouracil Synergistically Suppresses Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer via the IL-6/STAT3 Signalling Pathway." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (October 3, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1395954.
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Background. Colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) develops from active colonic inflammation, which is characterized by the production of proinflammatory cytokines that can induce mutations. IL-6 is produced by multiple cell types located within the tumor microenvironment including tumor-infiltrating immune cells, stromal cells, and the tumor cells themselves. The aim of our study was to explore the mechanism of Feng-Liao-Chang-Wei-Kang (FLCWK) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in treating CAC. Method. HCT116 cells were treated with 5-FU in the absence or presence of FLCWK. Cell proliferation was assayed by MTT assays. Apoptosis and the cell cycle phases were detected by flow cytometry. Western blotting and Q-PCR assays were used to detect the expression levels of proteins and genes related to the IL-6/STAT3 signalling pathway. A mouse model for CAC was established by treating animals with 12.5 mg/kg azoxymethane (AOM) followed by 3 cycles of 2.5% dextran sodium sulphate (DSS). The associated pathological changes were determined after haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The expression of related proteins and genes in various tissues was examined using immunofluorescence techniques. Results. FLCWK enhanced the ability of 5-FU to promote apoptosis by inhibiting the proliferation of HCT116 cells and blocking the IL-6/STAT3 pathway. FLCWK combined with 5-FU reduced the number and size of colon tumors in mice with CAC and significantly increased their survival rate. In the CAC model, FLCWK synergized with 5-FU to inhibit the phosphorylation of STAT3, preventing IL-6/STAT3 signal transduction and thus further inducing apoptosis and inhibition of colon cancer cell proliferation. Conclusion. FLCWK can inhibit the activation of STAT3 by reducing the production of IL-6, thereby increasing the occurrence of colitis-related colorectal cancer with 5-FU.
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Shafia Baber, Furrakh Abbas, Dr Azhar Majeed Qureshi. "IMPACT OF WESTERN CULTURE ON UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ LIFESTYLE." Psychology and Education Journal 58, no. 1 (January 15, 2021): 4677–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/pae.v58i1.1627.
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Western culture has an extreme consequence of students’ lifestyles in both positive and negative ways (Riaz & Arif, 2017; Sibani, 2018). There is a deficiency in common apprehension about ways a culture impact students’ education and lifestyle (Kang & Chang, 2016). This research study was conducted to understand the impacts of Western culture on students' lifestyles on various campuses of the University of Education, Lahore. This descriptive study aimed to the perceptions of students about the impacts of cultural imperialism during university life. The target population in this study was both male and female undergraduate students of the University of Education in Lahore. A questionnaire based on likert scale was the tool of data collection. The data collection was through cross-sectional survey. The data collected through 130 questionnaires which were distributed and collected personally. The data analyzed through descriptive statistics (standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Chi-Square Test). The findings of the study indicate that Western culture has exceedingly impacting university students’ lifestyles and social perceptions. Western culture has significantly inclined every part of university life, ranging from social adaptation to cultural preferences. The findings showed that even the slight details of daily university routines have been impacted by Western culture with mostly negative lifestyle choices.
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Putin, Jenny. "Writing women in late imperial China. Edited by Ellen Widmer and Kang-I Sun Chang. pp. 560, Stanford, Stanford University Press, 1997. £50.00." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 9, no. 2 (July 1999): 352–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186300011433.
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Purba, Natalina, and Martua Reynhat Sitanggang Gusar. "Clean and Healthy Lifestyle Behavior (PHBS Program) for Children with Intellectual Disability." JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 14, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 275–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.142.06.
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The achievement of children's quality of life is undoubtedly linked to the development of positive habits that will continue to be practiced in future lives. This can be done by developing awareness and behavior of a balanced clean and healthy lifestyle. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in the PHBS ability of children. Various efforts have been made so that children with intellectual disabilities can maintain their cleanliness. The efforts made by the teacher are still not maximal so that the delivery of information about PHBS must be completed by another method, namely demonstration. This research was conducted at SDLB 127710 Pematangsiantar5 with an action research method that refers to the Kurt Lewin model. Data collection techniques used purposive sampling and data analysis with the Wilcoxon test. The results showed an increase in understanding of the PHBS of children with intellectual disabilities able to learn SDLB 127710 Pematangsiantar through the demonstration method. This is evidenced by the increase in the score, where the initial assessment was obtained (59%), while in the first cycle, the average score was good (69.9%). In short, the understanding of children with intellectual disabilities being able to learn about PHBS is increased by using the demonstration method.
Keywords: Intellectual Disability Children, PHBS program, Demonstration methods
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Oliveira, Gonçalves de Souza de, Karina. "Loanword adaptation in Esperanto." Język. Komunikacja. Informacja, no. 13 (May 12, 2019): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/jki.2018.13.5.
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This research investigated the phonological directions by which new roots are incorporated into Esperanto. Words were selected from the following magazines: Kontakto, the official magazine of the Tutmonda Esperantista Junulara Organizo (TEJO – World Esperanto Youth Organization), which was first published in 1963 and has subscribers in over 90 countries, and Esperanto, the official magazine of the Universala Esperanto-Asocio (UEA – Esperanto Universal Association), which was first released in 1905 and has readers in 115 countries, in addition to a technological terminology list (Nevelsteen, 2012) and to words not quoted in dictionaries but published in a list on the blog <http://vortaroblogo.blogspot.com.br/2009/09/nepivajvortoj-i.html>. Words were collected from 13 different languages: Arabic, Chinese, French, English, Japanese, Komi, Korean, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish, Turkish, Sanskrit and Swahili. The theoretical basis that guided this analysis was Loanword Phonology, mainly the works of Calabrese & Wetzels (2009), Vendelin & Peperkamp (2006), Paradis (1988), Kang (2011), Friesner (2009), Menezes (2013), Chang (2008), Kenstowicz & Suchato (2006) and Roth (1980). An analysis of the corpus showed that words can be adapted by their phonetic form as well as by their root’s orthographic form from the original language. Furthermore, we observed that long vowels were, for the most part, adapted as simple vowels; and some words are present in two synchronic variations.
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Kaltenbach, Thomas, Nikita J. Kluge, and Jean-Luc Gattolliat. "A new, widespread genus of Baetidae from South Asia (Insecta, Ephemeroptera)." ZooKeys 1168 (July 3, 2023): 231–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1168.104844.
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Material collected on different islands across South Asia revealed a new genus of Baetidae with a widespread distribution, Arcobaetisgen. nov. The larvae present important similarities with Nigrobaetis, but have paraglossae dorsally with an arc of long, spine-like setae in distal area; long, slightly feathered setae between prostheca and mola of both mandibles; and very slender legs with row of short setae at dorsal margin of femur. The male imago has an extraordinarily small 3rd (apical) segment of gonostylus, which is much narrower than the apex of the 2nd segment. The new genus includes five species: A. sumbawensissp. nov. is described from Sumbawa (Indonesia) based on larvae, A. sumatrensissp. nov. from Sumatra (Indonesia) based on larvae, A. bornensissp. nov. from Borneo (Brunei) based on larvae, and A. sripadaisp. nov. (type species) is described from Sri Lanka based on a reared male imago with its larval and subimaginal exuviae; A. gracilentus (Chang & Yang, 1994), comb. nov. from Taiwan, formerly described in Margobaetis Kang & Yang, 1994, a subgenus of Baetis Leach, 1815, and subsequently transferred to the genus Nigrobaetis Kazlauskas (in Novikova & Kluge), 1987, is transferred to the new genus. A key to the larvae of all species is provided. Morphological similarities and the relationship of the new genus to other genera of Baetidae are discussed.
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Kim, YoungJin. "Qing's Demand for Repatriation for Warka and Joseons's Response Before 1644." Institute of History and Culture Hankuk University of Foreign Studies 86 (May 31, 2023): 279–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.18347/hufshis.2023.86.279.
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At the end of the 16th century, Nurhaci of the Jianzhou Jurchen began to focus on the Donghai Jurchen of eastern Manchuria for manpower in the Jurchen unification process. At that time, the Jianzhou Jurchen referred to the Jurchen of the Tumen and Ussuri Rivers as Warka among the Donghai Jurchen. Among the Warka, those who lived in Hamgyong Province and the Tumen River area are referred to as Boundary Jurchen (藩胡), and they either lived in the area between Joseon and Manchuria or they came into Joseon and became naturalized. Nurhaci also claimed homogeneity over the Warka based on historical and linguistic affinities with the Donghai Jurchen faction during the conquest of Donghai Jurchen. During the struggle with Bujantai over the Warka, Nurhaci relocated the Warka who lived near Joseon to the center of Jianzhou Jurchen and even asserted a homogeneous initiative over the Warka who entered Joseon's interior. Meanwhile, the Joseon court tacitly agreed to Nurhaci's control of the Warka along the Tumen River, but was not cooperative in its demands for the repatriation of Warka living near Joseon's change. In 1609, the Nurhaci organized large-scale repatriation of the Warka living in the Joseon area, thus establishing their absolute dominance over the numbers in the Tumen River basin. However, Later Jin did not actively demand the repatriation of Warka from the Joseon interior during the Tianming Era(1616-1626), conscious of their concentration on the Donghai Jurchen expedition and their diplomatic isolation. Even during the Tiancong Era(1627-1636), the Hong Taiji period, Later Jin asserted a position of homogeneity and leadership over the Warka in Joseon. In particular, based on establishing a formal relationship with Joseon, Later Jin began to demand the repatriation of Warka in Joseon in the mid-Tiancong Era. At that time, the repatriation demand was carried out by identifying the status of Warka in Joseon based on the testimonies of Warka, who moved from Joseon to Later Jin, compiling a list based on the status, and demanding repatriation from Joseon. Similar to the motivation behind the Donghai Jurchen expedition during the Hong Taiji period, Later Jin's demand for the repatriation of Warka in Joseon during the Tiancong period is thought to have been to fill up a vacancy in the Eight Banners that had arisen during the foreign wars. Demanding the repatriation of Warka may have been a viable option for Later Jin, as it was less burdensome than an expedition. However, Later Jin's information on the Warka in Joseon was very sketchy, so it had to rely on Joseon for specific information on the Warka needed for repatriation. Furthermore, the relationship between Later Jin and Joseon during the Tiancong Era was equal, so Later Jin could not force Joseon to repatriate the Warka. The demand for Joseon's repatriation of Warka resurfaced during the breakdown of Qing-Joseon relations following Hong Taiji's ascension to the emperorship. Hong Taiji cited Joseon's lack of Warka repatriation as the reason for the relationship breakdown. Eventually, after the 1637 Qing Invasion of Joseon(丙子胡亂), the Qing explicitly imposed an obligation on Joseon to repatriate Warka due to its superiority in the relationship. In response, Joseon sporadically repatriated Warka, which continued until Emperor Shunzhi exempted Warka from repatriation after the Qing entered the Shanhai Pass(入關) in 1644. Regarding the Warka repatriation obligation imposed on Joseon in the Chongde era, this article focuses on the case of the Kang Ch'undang(姜春堂) family, the first Warka repatriation case in the Chongde era. After the 1637 Qing Invasion of Joseon, The Joseon Court understood that among the naturalized Warka(向化人), those who had naturalized themselves (起身向化) would be repatriated to Qing. In 1638, However, Qing demanded the repatriation of the Kang Ch'undang family, most of whom had been naturalized more than three generations earlier.
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Dennerline, Jerry. "The Late-Ming Poet Ch'en Tzu-lung: Crises of Love and Loyalism. By Kang-I Sun Chang. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991. xxi, 183 pp. $25.00." Journal of Asian Studies 51, no. 2 (May 1992): 376–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2058041.
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Rouzer, Paul. "Writing Women in Late Imperial China. Edited by Ellen Widmer and Kang-I Sun Chang. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1997. xiii, 544 pp. $65.00 (cloth); $24.95 (paper)." Journal of Asian Studies 57, no. 4 (November 1998): 1142–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2659333.
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Kwon, Mi Jeong, Ha Yeong Chae, So Young Lee, Shin Ung Kang, Tae Woong Jung, Soo Youn Cho, Jinil Han, Hyojin Jeong, Chang Ohk Sung, and Young Kee Shin. "Abstract 1684: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) promotes cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting ROS-mediated apoptosis and ferroptosis." Cancer Research 83, no. 7_Supplement (April 4, 2023): 1684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2023-1684.
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Abstract Resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy is one of major causes of therapy failure and tumor recurrence in ovarian cancer patients. However, the molecular mechanism of platinum resistance is not fully understood. Here, we compared gene expression between cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant ovarian cancer cells using gene expression microarray analysis and found the significantly up-regulated expression of SERPINE1 encoding plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a serine protease regulating the fibrinolysis and extracelluar matrix, in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells. The correlation of high PAI-1 expression with low cisplatin sensitivity was confirmed in ovarian cancer cells. PAI-1 overexpression in ovarian cancer cells significantly decreased the sensitivity to cisplatin, whereas PAI-1 down-regulation by SERPINE1 siRNA or PAI-1 inhibitor increased cisplatin sensitivity. PAI-1 inhibited cisplatin-induced apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells by suppressing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and DNA damage. PAI-1 also decreased cisplatin-induced ferroptosis through the upregulation of GPX4 levels. Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis using TGGA data demonstrated that high PAI-1 expression was significantly associated with shorter platinum-free survival of patients with ovarian cancer. Collectively, these results illustrate that PAI-1 promotes cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting ROS-mediated apoptosis and ferroptosis, suggesting that targeting PAI-1 increases the sensitivity to cisplatin in ovarian cancer. Citation Format: Mi Jeong Kwon, Ha Yeong Chae, So Young Lee, Shin Ung Kang, Tae Woong Jung, Soo Youn Cho, Jinil Han, Hyojin Jeong, Chang Ohk Sung, Young Kee Shin. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) promotes cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells by inhibiting ROS-mediated apoptosis and ferroptosis [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 1684.
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Ahmadi Pirshahid, A., D. Kim, Y. Li, T. Varghese, and J. Pope. "SAT0457 PREVALENCE OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN OSTEOARTHRITIC PATIENTS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, Suppl 1 (June 2020): 1186.2–1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5136.
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Background:There is controversy regarding the relationship between osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP). While OA may be associated with increased bone mineral density (BMD) due to increased weight, evidence exists that the incidence of OP may be increased in patients with OA.Objectives:To determine whether the prevalence of OP is increased in patients with OA, compared to age and sex-matched populations.Methods:We conducted a systematic literature review using the databases PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, including articles that that analysed the frequency, rate, prevalence, incidence, risk, or excess risk of OP in patients with OA compared to age and sex-matched comparison groups (controls). Articles with fewer than 200 participants, and those without controls were excluded. Two reviewers conducted title and abstract screening.Results:Of 2772 unique articles, 49 articles were chosen for full article screening, and 4 articles met the inclusion criteria of our present study. Data from 2 and 4 studies used OP in men and women, respectively. Other articles reported on BMD and not OP so they were excluded. In women, 998 participants with OA were compared with 1903 controls. The pooled estimate of the odds ratio for prevalence of OP vs general matched population was not statistically different (Figure 1). In men, 136 participants with OA were compared with 682 controls. The results did not show a statistically significant different in the frequency of OP in OA in men (Figure 2).Figure 1.Prevalence of OP in women with OA compared to controlsFigure 2.Prevalence of OP in men with OA compared to controlsConclusion:The frequency of OP in participants with OA was the same in both men and women compared to the matched controls.References:[1]Chang, C. B., Kim, T. K., Kang, Y. G., Seong, S. C., & Kang, S. B. (2014). Prevalence of osteoporosis in female patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Journal of Korean Medical Science, 29(10), 1425-1431.[2]Liu, G., Peacock, M., Eilam, O., Dorulla, G., Braunstein, E., & Johnston, C. C. (1997). Effect of osteoarthritis in the lumbar spine and hip on bone mineral density and diagnosis of osteoporosis in elderly men and women. Osteoporosis International, 7(6), 564-569.[3]Schneider, D. L., Barrett-Connor, E., Morton, D. J., & Weisman, M. (2002). Bone mineral density and clinical hand osteoarthritis in elderly men and women: the Rancho Bernardo study. The Journal of Rheumatology, 29(7), 1467-1472.[4]Schneider, D. L., Bettencourt, R., & Barrett-Connor, E. (2006). Clinical utility of spine bone density in elderly women. Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 9(3), 255-260.Disclosure of Interests:Ali Ahmadi Pirshahid: None declared, Dongkeun Kim: None declared, Yueyang Li: None declared, Timothy Varghese: None declared, Janet Pope Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly & Company, Merck, Roche, Seattle Genetics, UCB, Consultant of: AbbVie, Actelion, Amgen, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eicos Sciences, Eli Lilly & Company, Emerald, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Sandoz, Sanofi, UCB, Speakers bureau: UCB
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McMahon, Keith. "Technology and Gender: Fabrics of Power in Late Imperial China. Francesca BrayPrecious Records: Women in China's Long Eighteenth Century. Susan MannWriting Women in Late Imperial China. Ellen Widmer , Kang-i Sun Chang." Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 25, no. 3 (April 2000): 966–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/495503.
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