Journal articles on the topic 'Ample sets'
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Cornelissen, Gunther, Thanases Pheidas, and Karim Zahidi. "Division-ample sets and the Diophantine problem for rings of integers." Journal de Théorie des Nombres de Bordeaux 17, no. 3 (2005): 727–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5802/jtnb.516.
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Hansen, Henri, and Mark Timmer. "A comparison of confluence and ample sets in probabilistic and non-probabilistic branching time." Theoretical Computer Science 538 (June 2014): 103–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2013.07.014.
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Bako, Alina. "A Romanian Vision of World Literature: Between Telescoping and Exoticism." Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 9, no. 1 (July 20, 2023): 248–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/mjcst.2023.15.14.
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The present study sets out to discuss World Literature Paradigm in a Romanian context, by undertaking an ample journey through the most important present-day theories, while also adding local definitions of the concept to them. Our discussion is centred o
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Holay, Sandeep H. "Generators of Ideals Defining Certain Surfaces in Projective Space." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 48, no. 3 (June 1, 1996): 585–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-1996-030-0.
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AbstractWe consider the surface obtained from the projective plane by blowing up the points of intersection of two plane curves meeting transversely. We find minimal generating sets of the defining ideals of these surfaces embedded in projective space by the sections of a very ample divisor class. All of the results are proven over an algebraically closed field of arbitrary characteristic.
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Urbanik, David. "Sets of special subvarieties of bounded degree." Compositio Mathematica 159, no. 3 (March 2023): 616–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0010437x23007029.
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Let $f : X \to S$ be a family of smooth projective algebraic varieties over a smooth connected quasi-projective base $S$ , and let $\mathbb {V} = R^{2k} f_{*} \mathbb {Z}(k)$ be the integral variation of Hodge structure coming from degree $2k$ cohomology it induces. Associated to $\mathbb {V}$ one has the so-called Hodge locus $\textrm {HL}(S) \subset S$ , which is a countable union of ‘special’ algebraic subvarieties of $S$ parametrizing those fibres of $\mathbb {V}$ possessing extra Hodge tensors (and so, conjecturally, those fibres of $f$ possessing extra algebraic cycles). The special subvarieties belong to a larger class of so-called weakly special subvarieties, which are subvarieties of $S$ maximal for their algebraic monodromy groups. For each positive integer $d$ , we give an algorithm to compute the set of all weakly special subvarieties $Z \subset S$ of degree at most $d$ (with the degree taken relative to a choice of projective compactification $S \subset \overline {S}$ and very ample line bundle $\mathcal {L}$ on $\overline {S}$ ). As a corollary of our algorithm we prove conjectures of Daw–Ren and Daw–Javanpeykar–Kühne on the finiteness of sets of special and weakly special subvarieties of bounded degree.
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Whitton, Christopher. "Latin Literature." Greece and Rome 65, no. 2 (September 17, 2018): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383518000177.
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‘Statius’Thebaid’, someone donnishly quipped, ‘has no sufficient reason to exist.’ Kyle Gervais might beg to differ. Like theThebaiditself, his commentary on Book 2 has grown over many years, and deserves to be taken very seriously. The crisp introduction sets the tone and clearly signals priorities in its four sections, a rising tetracolon for author, problems of editing, intratexts, and intertexts; not a word on style and prosody, and reception is excluded on the ground that Statius’ ownimitatiois quite enough to be getting on with. The text is newly constituted, with ample apparatus and text-critical discussion: Gervais joins Barrie Hall's rebellion against the bifid stemma, but fairly questions his view that theThebaidshould be easy reading; he accordingly diverges from his edition nearly a hundred times, and offers a translation which, if less old-falutin’ than Shack's Loeb, does an equally good job of disabusing anyone who thought it would be quicker to read Statius in English. The notes are full and rich: words aren't wasted, but both philological graft and literary interpretation amply attest to fine scholarship, good sense, and long thought.
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Illoussamen, El Hossein, and Volker Runde. "Topologically simple Banach algebras with derivation." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 60, no. 1 (August 1999): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700033414.
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It is not known if a commutative, topologically simple, radical Banach algebra exists. If, however, every derivation on such an algebra is continuous, this yields the automatic continuity of all derivations on commutative, semiprime Banach algebras. Utilising techniques used by Thomas in his proof of the Singer-Wermer conjecture, we show that, if A is a commutative, topologically simple Banach algebra with a non-zero derivation on it, then a quotient of a certain localisation of A has a power series structure. A pivotal role is played by what we call ample sets of denominators.
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KAMBITES, MARK. "FREE ADEQUATE SEMIGROUPS." Journal of the Australian Mathematical Society 91, no. 3 (December 2011): 365–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1446788711001753.
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AbstractWe give an explicit description of the free objects in the quasivariety of adequate semigroups, as sets of labelled directed trees under a natural combinatorial multiplication. The morphisms of the free adequate semigroup onto the free ample semigroup and into the free inverse semigroup are realised by a combinatorial ‘folding’ operation which transforms our trees into Munn trees. We use these results to show that free adequate semigroups and monoids are 𝒥-trivial and never finitely generated as semigroups, and that those which are finitely generated as (2,1,1)-algebras have decidable word problem.
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Bridges, David C., Hsin-I. Wu, Peter J. H. Sharpe, and James M. Chandler. "Modeling Distributions of Crop and Weed Seed Germination Time." Weed Science 37, no. 5 (September 1989): 724–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500072702.
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Research was conducted to determine the utility of a single, temperature-independent Weibull function for describing cumulative seed germination under several temperature regimes with 14 sets of weed and crop seed germination data. A modified cumulative Weibull function was derived to distribute germination times for individuals within the population and distributed the occurrence of germination given ample sample size and appropriate sample interval. The descriptive and predictive attributes of the stochastic model component are well suited for incorporation into seed germination models and are likely applicable to models to predict distribution of times for other developmental processes of plants.
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MANGAL, MANISH, and MANU PRATAP SINGH. "ANALYSIS OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL XOR CLASSIFICATION PROBLEM WITH EVOLUTIONARY FEEDFORWARD NEURAL NETWORKS." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 16, no. 01 (February 2007): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213007003229.
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This paper describes the application of two evolutionary algorithms to the feedforward neural networks used in classification problems. Besides of a simple backpropagation feedforward algorithm, the paper considers the genetic algorithm and random search algorithm. The objective is to analyze the performance of GAs over the simple backpropagation feedforward in terms of accuracy or speed in this problem. The experiments considered a feedforward neural network trained with genetic algorithm/random search algorithm and 39 types of network structures and artificial data sets. In most cases, the evolutionary feedforward neural networks seemed to have better of equal accuracy than the original backpropagation feedforward neural network. We found few differences in the accuracy of the networks solved by applying the EAs, but found ample differences in the execution time. The results suggest that the evolutionary feedforward neural network with random search algorithm might be the best algorithm on the data sets we tested.
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W. B., Vasantha, Ilanthenral Kandasamy, Florentin Smarandache, Vinayak Devvrat, and Shivam Ghildiyal. "Study of Imaginative Play in Children Using Single-Valued Refined Neutrosophic Sets." Symmetry 12, no. 3 (March 4, 2020): 402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12030402.
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This paper introduces Single Valued Refined Neutrosophic Set (SVRNS) which is a generalized version of the neutrosophic set. It consists of six membership functions based on imaginary and indeterminate aspect and hence, is more sensitive to real-world problems. Membership functions defined as complex (imaginary), a falsity tending towards complex and truth tending towards complex are used to handle the imaginary concept in addition to existing memberships in the Single Valued Neutrosophic Set (SVNS). Several properties of this set were also discussed. The study of imaginative pretend play of children in the age group from 1 to 10 years was taken for analysis using SVRNS, since it is a field which has an ample number of imaginary aspects involved. SVRNS will be more apt in representing these data when compared to other neutrosophic sets. Machine learning algorithms such as K-means, parallel axes coordinate, etc., were applied and visualized for a real-world application concerned with child psychology. The proposed algorithms help in analysing the mental abilities of a child on the basis of imaginative play. These algorithms aid in establishing a correlation between several determinants of imaginative play and a child’s mental abilities, and thus help in drawing logical conclusions based on it. A brief comparison of the several algorithms used is also provided.
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Junker, Markus. "A note on equational theories." Journal of Symbolic Logic 65, no. 4 (December 2000): 1705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2695070.
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Several attempts have been done to distinguish “positive” information in an arbitrary first order theory, i.e., to find a well behaved class of closed sets among the definable sets. In many cases, a definable set is said to be closed if its conjugates are sufficiently distinct from each other. Each such definition yields a class of theories, namely those where all definable sets are constructible, i.e., boolean combinations of closed sets. Here are some examples, ordered by strength:Weak normality describes a rather small class of theories which are well understood by now (see, for example, [P]). On the other hand, normalization is so weak that all theories, in a suitable context, are normalizable (see [HH]). Thus equational theories form an interesting intermediate class of theories. Little work has been done so far. The original work of Srour [S1, S2, S3] adopts a point of view that is closer to universal algebra than to stability theory. The fundamental definitions and model theoretic properties can be found in [PS], though some easy observations are missing there. Hrushovski's example of a stable non-equational theory, the first and only one so far, is described in the unfortunately unpublished manuscript [HS]. In fact, it is an expansion of the free pseudospace constructed independently by Baudisch and Pillay in [BP] as an example of a strictly 2-ample theory. Strong equationality, defined in [Hr], is also investigated in [HS].
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Horn, Britton, Josh Miller, Gillian Smith, and Seth Cooper. "A Monte Carlo Approach to Skill-Based Automated Playtesting." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Interactive Digital Entertainment 14, no. 1 (September 25, 2018): 166–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aiide.v14i1.13036.
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In order to create well-crafted learning progressions, designers guide players as they present game skills and give ample time for the player to master those skills. However, analyzing the quality of learning progressions is challenging, especially during the design phase, as content is ever-changing. This research presents the application of Stratabots — automated player simulations based on models of players with varying sets of skills — to the human computation game Foldit. Stratabot performance analysis coupled with player data reveals a relatively smooth learning progression within tutorial levels, yet still shows evidence for improvement. Leveraging existing general gameplaying algorithms such as Monte Carlo Evaluation can reduce the development time of this approach to automated playtesting without losing predicitive power of the player model.
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Lu, Xi, Naga Prathyusha Maturi, Malin Jarvius, Linxuan Zhao, Yuan Xie, E.-Jean Tan, Pengwei Xing, Mårten Fryknäs, Lene Uhrbom, and Xingqi Chen. "ECOA-7. Conserved cell-lineage controlled chromatin accessibility in human and mouse glioblastoma stem cells predicts functionally distinct subgroups." Neuro-Oncology Advances 3, Supplement_2 (July 1, 2021): ii2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdab070.007.
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Abstract There is ample support for developmental control of glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), and a deeper knowledge of their epigenetic regulation could be central to more efficient glioblastoma (GBM) therapies. For this purpose, we analyzed the chromatin-accessibility landscape of nine mouse GSC cultures of defined cell of origin and 60 patient-derived GSC cultures by assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq). This uncovered an epigenetic variability of both mouse and human GSC cultures that differed from transcriptome clusters. Both mouse and human chromatin accessibility-guided clusters were predominantly determined by distal regulatory elements, displayed unique sets of transcription factor motif enrichment, and exhibited different functional and drug-response properties. Cross-species analysis of distal regulatory element regions in accessible chromatin of mouse and human cultures revealed conserved epigenetic regulation of GSCs.
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Brown, Sue, and Robert M. Jones. "Group Management in the Mathematics Classroom: Exploring Pentominoes." Arithmetic Teacher 39, no. 5 (January 1992): 38–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5951/at.39.5.0038.
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In 1989 the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics published the Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for School Mathematics. A basic assumption shaping the K-4 standards is that “K-4 classrooms need to be equipped with a wide variety of physical materials and supplies” (p. 17). The 5-8 standards also make the assumption that “every classroom will be equipped with ample sets of manipulative materials and supplies …” (p. 67). In using materials in an elementary mathematics classroom, each student can be placed in a cooperative-task group, with each member of the group performing a specific function. This structure establishes a positive interdependence in which each student contributes significantly to the achievement of a learning goal. The following activity describes how this management system can be implemented in a mathematics classroom.
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S, Hamblin, Darmaki NA, Zarooni MA, Nantongo H, Boukadi F, Obeng P, Edusah E, and Osumanu J. "New Relative Permeability Models for North American Sandstone Utilizing Artificial Neural Networks." Petroleum & Petrochemical Engineering Journal 8, no. 2 (April 4, 2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/ppej-16000386.
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Mathematical models and machine learning applications such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) have been adopted in hydrocarbon exploration, drilling, production, and reservoir engineering. Thanks to ample data sets and computing power, statistical analysis, analytics, and model prediction replace time-consuming and expensive laboratory measurements. This study used ANN to create two models for predicting water (krw) and oil (kro ) relative permeability profiles for predominantly North American water-wet sandstone reservoirs. The developed model was compared to the Modified Corey and Ibrahim and Koederitz’s equations. The coefficient of multiple determination (R2 ) and Root-Mean-Square Error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the new model. The developed model showed a superior fit and can, therefore, be utilized to generate krw and kro profiles for North American water-wet sandstone reservoirs.
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Liu, Li-Yu D., Li-Yun Chang, Wen-Hung Kuo, Hsiao-Lin Hwa, Ming-Kwang Shyu, King-Jen Chang, and Fon-Jou Hsieh. "In Silico Prediction for Regulation of Transcription Factors on Their Shared Target Genes Indicates Relevant Clinical Implications in a Breast Cancer Population." Cancer Informatics 11 (January 2012): CIN.S8470. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/cin.s8470.
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Aberrant transcriptional activities have been documented in breast cancers. Studies often find some transcription factors to be inappropriately regulated and enriched in certain pathological states. The promoter regions of most target genes have binding sites for their transcription factors. An ample of evidence supports their combinatorial effect on their shared target gene expressions. Here, we used a new statistic method, bivariate CID, to predict combinatorial interaction activity between ERα and a transcription factor (E2F1or GATA3 or ERRα) in regulating target gene expression via four regulatory mechanisms. We identified gene sets in three signal transduction pathways perturbed in breast tumors: cell cycle, VEGF, and PDGFRB. Bivariate network analysis revealed several target genes previously implicated in tumor angiogenesis are among the predicted shared targets, including VEGFA, PDGFRB. In summary, our analysis suggests the importance for the multivariate space of an inferred ERα transcriptional regulatory network in breast cancer diagnostic and therapeutic development.
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Drakeford, Mark. "Devolution and youth justice in Wales." Criminology & Criminal Justice 10, no. 2 (May 2010): 137–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895809360967.
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This article discusses youth justice services in Wales in the context both of devolution and the wider social policy agenda of successive Welsh Assembly Governments. It sets out the operating arrangements and outcomes achieved by Youth Offending Teams in Wales, before arguing that a specific approach has been developed to policy and practice in this field in the post-devolution period. The article traces the main features of this approach, locating it in the wider contexts of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and the development of broader children’s policy in Wales. The discussion ends with an account of the most recent developments in Welsh youth justice, suggesting that it provides ample points of interest for those concerned both with the development of devolution in general, and services for children and young people in trouble with the law, in particular.
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Ugarelli, Mariangela. "La tentación de la imagen: El hipertexto de la Nueva Crónica y Buen Gobierno de Guamán Poma de Ayala en el imaginario gráfico del Perú contemporáneo." Latin American Literary Review 49, no. 97 (November 17, 2021): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26824/lalr.207.
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Guamán Poma de Ayala’s Nueva Corónica y Buen Gobierno, even though unjustly disregarded by its early critics, has had a tremendous influence in Peruvian iconographic culture. From museum pieces and book covers to liquor bottles and bank advertisements, the style of the Nueva Corónica has become common currency in intellectual and public spaces, an immediately recognizable token for the diffuse idea of what is authentically Peruvian. This text sets out to explore the ample world of images explicitly or covertly inspired by Guamán Poma de Ayala’s text and artwork as well as analyze the distinct circumstances in which these processes of intertextuality occur. What elements of Guamán Poma’s images are kept or left out and why? What makes these instances of appropriation differ from each other? Using the intertextual model we set out to analyze the Nueva Corónica’s ever-growing hypertexts, their purpose and their motivations.
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Das, Susmita, Paritosh Mondal, and Rajesh Kumar Das. "Assessing the Effectiveness of Information Services: A Case Study of National Agricultural Research System (NARS), Bangladesh." Asian Journal of Information Science and Technology 7, no. 2 (November 5, 2017): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajist-2017.7.2.155.
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The investigator evaluates the present information services of the National Agricultural Research System (NARS) Libraries and Agricultural Information Center, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC). Agricultural development is dependent to some extent on scientific services provided by NARS library and information professionals. The present study is a case study in nature. Judgmental random sampling was used to collect the data from the library professionals and staff and library users. Two sets of semi-structured questionnaire were distributed among them. Besides, field visit, interviews and FGDs were employed in the study to find the qualitative results. The existing facilities, strength, and weakness of agricultural information services are identified in the study. The survey result indicates that the respondents desire for improving the quality of information services in the NARS libraries and information center. The study ended with recommendations for making the libraries digitally automated having ample internet facilities.
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Ziegler, John P., and Samuel L. Oyer. "Prelaminated paramedian forehead flap for subtotal nasal reconstruction using three-dimensional printing." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 1 (January 2021): e238146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-238146.
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Nasal reconstruction following a total or subtotal resection presents a challenging clinical scenario. Ample external skin coverage is readily available using the paramedian forehead flap (PMFF), but restoring adequate internal lining of sufficient size and pliability is a major limitation. Intranasal mucosal flaps or free tissue transfer is often employed for this purpose, each with their own sets of limitations. Prelamination of the PMFF with a skin graft prior to transfer is a method to create a composite flap with both internal and external lining. Another challenge in subtotal nasal reconstruction centres around restoring adequate dimensions to the nose without an existing template to work from. Three-dimensional (3D) printing has become an increasingly popular tool in reconstructive surgery as it captures precise patient-specific dimensions to guide reconstruction. Herein, we describe a case of subtotal nasal reconstruction using a prelaminated PMFF using a patient-specific 3D printed model as a template for reconstruction.
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O’Hagan, Minako. "Putting Pleasure First: Localizing Japanese Video Games." TTR 22, no. 1 (October 21, 2010): 147–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/044785ar.
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Since their humble beginnings, video games have undergone huge technological advances, becoming a significant global industry today and highlighting the role played by translation and localization. Despite the continuing localization activities undertaken in the industry, translation studies (TS) have not paid much attention to video games as a research domain. Drawing on the author’s previous work on the Japanese Role Playing Game (RPG) Final Fantasy titles, this paper attempts to demonstrate the ample research scope that this domain presents for TS scholars. In particular, it discusses the unique localization model used by Final Fantasy’s Japanese publisher, illustrating how the games’ new digital platform allows the (re)creation of a new gameplaying pleasure directly through the localization process itself. In this model, the original game merely sets off a chain of improvements through localization. In turn, understanding the different pleasures drawn from different localized versions of games will contribute useful insights into emerging games research.
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Perros, Petros, Krishnarajah Nirantharakumar, and Laszlo Hegedüs. "Recent evidence sets therapeutic targets for levothyroxine-treated patients with primary hypothyroidism based on risk of death." European Journal of Endocrinology 184, no. 2 (February 2021): C1—C3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/eje-20-1229.
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Since the introduction of sensitive assays for serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) clinicians have advised hypothyroid patients to adjust the dose of levothyroxine (L-T4) in order to achieve a normal serum TSH. A minority of patients are dissatisfied with this treatment strategy and experience symptoms. Some indirect evidence suggests that a normal serum TSH may not necessarily reflect euthyroidism at the tissue level in patients treated with L-T4. Increasingly hypothyroid patients demand higher doses of L-T4 or liothyronine (L-T3) or animal thyroid extract, often purchased online, and titrate the dose against symptoms, although ample evidence suggests that combination treatment (L-T4 with L-T3) is no more effective than L-T4 alone. Community surveys show that up to 53% of treated hypothyroid patients at any time have a serum TSH outside the normal range. The recommendation by guidelines that the upper limit of the normal range for serum TSH should not be exceeded is supported by robust evidence and is generally accepted by clinicians and patients. However, until recently the lower limit of serum TSH for optimal L-T4 replacement has been controversial. New evidence obtained by two independent large population studies over the past two years has shown that mortality of hypothyroid patients treated with levothyroxine is increased when the serum TSH exceeds or is reduced outside the normal reference range. It is estimated that the implementation of a policy of normalising serum TSH in hypothyroid patients will reduce the risk of death of 28.3 million people in the USA and Europe alone.
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Broekhuis, Marijke, Lex van Velsen, Linda Peute, Meilani Halim, and Hermie Hermens. "Conceptualizing Usability for the eHealth Context: Content Analysis of Usability Problems of eHealth Applications." JMIR Formative Research 5, no. 7 (July 27, 2021): e18198. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18198.
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Background Usability tests can be either formative (where the aim is to detect usability problems) or summative (where the aim is to benchmark usability). There are ample formative methods that consider user characteristics and contexts (ie, cognitive walkthroughs, interviews, and verbal protocols). This is especially valuable for eHealth applications, as health conditions can influence user-system interactions. However, most summative usability tests do not consider eHealth-specific factors that could potentially affect the usability of a system. One of the reasons for this is the lack of fine-grained frameworks or models of usability factors that are unique to the eHealth domain. Objective In this study, we aim to develop an ontology of usability problems, specifically for eHealth applications, with patients as primary end users. Methods We analyzed 8 data sets containing the results of 8 formative usability tests for eHealth applications. These data sets contained 400 usability problems that could be used for analysis. Both inductive and deductive coding were used to create an ontology from 6 data sets, and 2 data sets were used to validate the framework by assessing the intercoder agreement. Results We identified 8 main categories of usability factors, including basic system performance, task-technology fit, accessibility, interface design, navigation and structure, information and terminology, guidance and support, and satisfaction. These 8 categories contained a total of 21 factors: 14 general usability factors and 7 eHealth-specific factors. Cohen κ was calculated for 2 data sets on both the category and factor levels, and all Cohen κ values were between 0.62 and 0.67, which is acceptable. Descriptive analysis revealed that approximately 69.5% (278/400) of the usability problems can be considered as general usability factors and 30.5% (122/400) as eHealth-specific usability factors. Conclusions Our ontology provides a detailed overview of the usability factors for eHealth applications. Current usability benchmarking instruments include only a subset of the factors that emerged from our study and are therefore not fully suited for summative evaluations of eHealth applications. Our findings support the development of new usability benchmarking tools for the eHealth domain.
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Adamec, Jakub, Svatava Janoušková, and Tomáš Hák. "How to Measure Sustainable Housing: A Proposal for an Indicator-Based Assessment Tool." Sustainability 13, no. 3 (January 22, 2021): 1152. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031152.
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Housing drives urban development and has a significant potential for contributing to sustainability. However, ample sustainability indicator sets fail to include relevant indicators of sustainable housing—assessment seems to be an underdeveloped topic. We chose the United Nations Geneva Charter on Sustainable Housing as a conceptual foundation for the proposed assessment tool. It addresses recent challenges by four defining principles and related rationales, thus forming a theoretical basis of sustainable housing. We applied both theoretical research (desk-top analysis) and qualitative research (an expert panel) to develop a comprehensive framework for sustainable housing and complemented it with relevant indicators. The proposed housing sustainability assessment tool (HSAT) explicitly advocates a holistic approach that seeks to balance the environmental, social, economic and institutional dimensions of sustainability; simultaneously, it includes an integrated concept of the building–community–locality. Hence, this article does not seek to redefine the sustainable housing definition or concept but to contribute to the development of a highly relevant indicator-based system for its assessment. This will ensure that correct and unambiguous messages are sent not only to policymakers but also investors, urban planners and finally also the citizens—the housing clients.
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Behera, Niyati, and Guruvayur Mahalakshmi. "Enriching Domain Concepts with Qualitative Attributes (A Text Mining based Approach)." International Arab Journal of Information Technology 17, no. 6 (November 1, 2020): 916–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34028/iajit/17/6/10.
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Attributes, whether qualitative or non-qualitative are the formal description of any real-world entity and are crucial in modern knowledge representation models like ontology. Though ample evidence for the amount of research done for mining non-qualitative attributes (like part-of relation) extraction from text as well as the Web is available in the wealth of literature, on the other side limited research can be found relating to qualitative attribute (i.e., size, color, taste etc.,) mining. Herein this research article an analytical framework has been proposed to retrieve qualitative attribute values from unstructured domain text. The research objective covers two aspects of information retrieval (1) acquiring quality values from unstructured text and (2) then assigning attribute to them by comparing the Google derived meaning or context of attributes as well as quality value (adjectives). The goal has been accomplished by using a framework which integrates Vector Space Modelling (VSM) with a probabilistic Multinomial Naive Bayes (MNB) classifier. Performance Evaluation has been carried out on two data sets (1) HeiPLAS Development Data set (106 adjective-noun exemplary phrases) and (2) a text data set in Medicinal Plant Domain (MPD). System is found to perform better with probabilistic approach compared to the existing pattern-based framework in the state of art
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Wang, Z., Z. Zhan, G. Zhou, and X. Wang. "AN EFFICIENT HIERARCHICAL IMAGE RETRIEVAL METHOD FOR LARGE SET OF IMAGES USING LEARNING-BASED GLOBAL AND LOCAL IMAGE FEATURES." International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIII-B2-2022 (May 30, 2022): 649–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliii-b2-2022-649-2022.
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Abstract. Image retrieval is one of the supporting technologies for (near) real-time photogrammetry and loop closure detection in visual SLAM, the conventional retrieval strategy is to firstly obtain the image features of the query image and database images, and search for the resulted images based on nearest features retrieval. However, the image retrieval method based on traditional hand-crafted features (SIFT, SURF, GIST) are hard to guarantee both the efficiency of time and precision in practical applications. Nowadays, learning-based features have shown superior performance in ample computer vision tasks. Thus, this paper investigates several popular learning-based global features (ResNet101, VGG16+NetVLAD, Yolov3+VGG16+NetVLAD) and local features (SuperPoint), to take care of both time efficiency and precision, we present hierarchical image retrieval solutions that combines these two kinds of features, in which global feature is for accelerating searching speed and local feature is for precision. Specifically, three sets of hierarchical retrieval solutions are designed by various combinations of learning-based global feature and local feature. Their precision and time efficiency are compared on different public benchmarks (one contains more than 10,000 images), the experimental results show that among the proposed solutions, VGG16+NetVLAD+SuperPoint has the best performance in efficiency, but the precision is slightly lower than the solution preprocessed with Yolov3.
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Senthilkumar, J., Bakkiyaraj M, M. Balasubramanian, and T. G. Loganathan. "Effect of FW conditions on mechanical and microstructural characteristic of AA6061/SiC/Graphite hybrid composites joint by empirical relationship." Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties 9, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 045042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2051-672x/ac4148.
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Abstract Friction welded AA6061 matrix hybrid composite joints were investigated to understand the process effect on the metallurgical properties with the aid of empirical relationships. SiC of 10% with the standard particle size of 25 μm and 5% graphite with the particle size of 30 μm were added into the AA6061 matrix. The investigation has 20 sets of experiments as per the matrix designed. Each process condition, namely rotation speed (N), upset load (F), and upset time (T), as well as their impact on joint properties, were investigated individually, with the estimated tensile strength correlated to their corresponding metallographic properties. The observation of this study concludes that the disparity in grain size is mainly affected by the availability of heat sources and the plasticized material during the friction stage and it is highly influenced by rotation speed. Furthermore, the lower level parameters produce the defective joint while the higher level parameters are attributed to ejecting the extensive amount of hot material from the joint interface. Finer reduction in grain size of 1.5 μm and ample plasticized material consolidation at the optimized welding conditions of 1600 rpm rotation speed, 3.5 kN upset load, and 4 s upset time were attributed to achieving the maximum tensile strength of 167 MPa.
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Holmqvist, Isak, Alan Bäckerholm, Yarong Tian, Guojiang Xie, Kaisa Thorell, and Ka-Wei Tang. "FLAME: long-read bioinformatics tool for comprehensive spliceome characterization." RNA 27, no. 10 (July 12, 2021): 1127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1261/rna.078800.121.
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Comprehensive characterization of differentially spliced RNA transcripts with nanopore sequencing is limited by bioinformatics tools that are reliant on existing annotations. We have developed FLAME, a bioinformatics pipeline for alternative splicing analysis of gene-specific or transcriptome-wide long-read sequencing data. FLAME is a Python-based tool aimed at providing comprehensible quantification of full-length splice variants, reliable de novo recognition of splice sites and exons, and representation of consecutive exon connectivity in the form of a weighted adjacency matrix. Notably, this workflow circumvents issues related to inadequate reference annotations and allows for incorporation of short-read sequencing data to improve the confidence of nanopore sequencing reads. In this study, the Epstein-Barr virus long noncoding RNA RPMS1 was used to demonstrate the utility of the pipeline. RPMS1 is ubiquitously expressed in Epstein-Barr virus associated cancer and known to undergo ample differential splicing. To fully resolve the RPMS1 spliceome, we combined gene-specific nanopore sequencing reads from a primary gastric adenocarcinoma and a nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line with matched publicly available short-read sequencing data sets. All previously reported splice variants, including putative ORFs, were detected using FLAME. In addition, 32 novel exons, including two intron retentions and a cassette exon, were discovered within the RPMS1 gene.
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Hornsby, W., Jeremy Gentles, Paul Comfort, Timothy Suchomel, Satoshi Mizuguchi, and Michael Stone. "Resistance Training Volume Load with and without Exercise Displacement." Sports 6, no. 4 (November 3, 2018): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sports6040137.
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Monitoring the resistance training volume load (VL) (sets × reps × load) is essential to managing resistance training and the recovery–adaptation process. Subjects: Eight trained weightlifters, seven of which were at national level, participated in the study. Methods: VL was measured both with (VLwD) and without (VL) the inclusion of barbell displacement, across twenty weeks of training, in order to allow for comparisons to be made of these VL calculating methods. This consisted of recording the load, repetition count, and barbell displacement for every set executed. Comparisons were made between VL and VLwD for individual blocks of training, select training weeks, and select training days. Results: Strong, statistically significant correlations (r ≥ 0.78, p < 0.001) were observed between VL and VLwD between all training periods analyzed. t-tests revealed statistically significant (p ≤ 0.018) differences between VL and VLwD in four of the seven training periods analyzed. Conclusion: The very strong relationship between VL and VLwD suggest that a coach with time constraints and a large number of athletes can potentially spare the addition of displacement. However, differences in percent change indicate that coaches with ample time should include displacement in VL calculations, in an effort to acquire more precise workload totals.
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Hutchinson, Allan C. "In Other Words: Putting Sex and Pornography in Context." Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 8, no. 1 (January 1995): 107–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0841820900003106.
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We cannot ask reason to take us across the gulfs of the absurd. Only the imagination can get us out of the eternal present.—Ursula Le GuinLaw controls sexuality not only by its coercive powers, but also through its discursive constructions. While there are other social forces and influences in play, sexual identities and sexual practices are framed within the ample reach of law’s linguistic domain. As well as enforcing prevailing moral norms and deciding the scope of socially-validated sexual behaviour, law also determines what counts as sex in the tableau of human behaviour. Although the relationship of law, sexuality and sex is always ideologically fraught, it is particularly so in regard to graphic representations of sex and sexuality. The debate around this so-called pornography hits a very sensitive nerve in the body politic. Indeed, in recent years, few social practices have managed to arouse as much intellectual angst and political anger as pornography. In part, this is because the debate seems to cut across traditional political lines; it sets traditional enemies against each other and fosters strange alliances among them. None of this should be too surprising as pornography touches profound issues which strike at the very heart of those dilemmas, difficulties and denials that comprise the human condition.
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Makarevitch, Irina, Cameo Frechette, and Natalia Wiatros. "Authentic Research Experience and “Big Data” Analysis in the Classroom: Maize Response to Abiotic Stress." CBE—Life Sciences Education 14, no. 3 (September 2015): ar27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.15-04-0081.
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Integration of inquiry-based approaches into curriculum is transforming the way science is taught and studied in undergraduate classrooms. Incorporating quantitative reasoning and mathematical skills into authentic biology undergraduate research projects has been shown to benefit students in developing various skills necessary for future scientists and to attract students to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics disciplines. While large-scale data analysis became an essential part of modern biological research, students have few opportunities to engage in analysis of large biological data sets. RNA-seq analysis, a tool that allows precise measurement of the level of gene expression for all genes in a genome, revolutionized molecular biology and provides ample opportunities for engaging students in authentic research. We developed, implemented, and assessed a series of authentic research laboratory exercises incorporating a large data RNA-seq analysis into an introductory undergraduate classroom. Our laboratory series is focused on analyzing gene expression changes in response to abiotic stress in maize seedlings; however, it could be easily adapted to the analysis of any other biological system with available RNA-seq data. Objective and subjective assessment of student learning demonstrated gains in understanding important biological concepts and in skills related to the process of science.
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Nakamoto, Ryosuke, Brendan Flanagan, Taisei Yamauchi, Yiling Dai, Kyosuke Takami, and Hiroaki Ogata. "Enhancing Automated Scoring of Math Self-Explanation Quality Using LLM-Generated Datasets: A Semi-Supervised Approach." Computers 12, no. 11 (October 24, 2023): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers12110217.
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In the realm of mathematics education, self-explanation stands as a crucial learning mechanism, allowing learners to articulate their comprehension of intricate mathematical concepts and strategies. As digital learning platforms grow in prominence, there are mounting opportunities to collect and utilize mathematical self-explanations. However, these opportunities are met with challenges in automated evaluation. Automatic scoring of mathematical self-explanations is crucial for preprocessing tasks, including the categorization of learner responses, identification of common misconceptions, and the creation of tailored feedback and model solutions. Nevertheless, this task is hindered by the dearth of ample sample sets. Our research introduces a semi-supervised technique using the large language model (LLM), specifically its Japanese variant, to enrich datasets for the automated scoring of mathematical self-explanations. We rigorously evaluated the quality of self-explanations across five datasets, ranging from human-evaluated originals to ones devoid of original content. Our results show that combining LLM-based explanations with mathematical material significantly improves the model’s accuracy. Interestingly, there is an optimal limit to how many synthetic self-explanation data can benefit the system. Exceeding this limit does not further improve outcomes. This study thus highlights the need for careful consideration when integrating synthetic data into solutions, especially within the mathematics discipline.
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Jevremović, Darko, Aleksandar Leposavić, and Svetlana A. Paunović. "Genetic diversity of Raspberry leaf blotch emaravirus in red raspberries from Serbia." Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 17, no. 1 (April 15, 2019): e1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2019171-13861.
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Raspberry leaf blotch emaravirus (RLBV) is a recently characterised virus infecting raspberries reported in several European countries. RLBV causes yellow blotching, the distortion of leaf margins, and the twisting of raspberry leaves. For a long time, similar symptoms were attributed to the feeding damage caused by raspberry leaf and bud mite (Phyllocoptes gracilis). From 2014−2017, a large-scale survey was conducted in Serbia to investigate the degree of association of the observed symptoms with the RLBV infection. A total of 98 symptomatic and asymptomatic samples were collected from 30 locations. All collected samples were tested on the RLBV presence by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using three sets of RNA-specific primers targeting RNA-1, RNA-3, and RNA-5 of the RLBV genome. RT-PCR analysis revealed high incidence of RLBV in tested samples (68.7%). RLBV was confirmed in raspberries ‘Fertödi Zamatos’, ‘Glen Ample’, ‘Meeker’, ‘Polana’, ‘Tulameen’ and ‘Willamette’. Twenty-one isolates were selected for sequencing the portion of the nucleocapsid (NC) gene. The nucleotide sequences of the isolates showed 93.2−100% identity. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed significant genetic variability of the Serbian RLBV isolates based on the nucleocapsid-encoding sequences and revealed the existence of two main clusters. Phylogenetic analysis of the 45 RLBV sequences from Finland, Slovakia, Scotland, and this study also confirmed the existence of two main clusters of isolates.
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Kumari, Vandana, Balvinder Shukla, and Taranjeet Duggal. "Beyond technical know how: A bibliometric study of future soft skills." Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 26, no. 5 (2023): 1133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.47974/jsms-1166.
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Background: To encourage economic and social progress, it is crucial to develop human capital and associate skill sets with job requirements. Due to the shift in necessary competencies and abilities, there is a discrepancy between what businesses demand and the professional profiles that are accessible in the labor market. COVID-19 has been the catalyst in accelerating the pace of change and affecting the job market. This has led to huge demand for upskilling and reskilling. Design/methodology/approach: A thorough study was carried out on 127 articles obtained from the SCOPUS database. These articles were collected by searching for the keyword “future skills” in Scopus. The study employed bibliometric techniques, to present a comprehensive view of future skill research, encompassing performance analysis and science mapping. Findings: The findings indicate a recent surge in research focused on future skills, and countries like United states and United Kingdom leading in this area. However, there remains ample room for further investigation, as outlined in this study. The majority of research on future skills is primarily associated with social sciences, business, management, and accounting disciplines. Originality/value: This paper stands out due to its pioneering approach in offering valuable insights into the present state of research on future skills. Additionally, by employing bibliometric analysis, it offers recommendations for potential future paths.
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Arnoldussen, Stijn, and Hannie Steegstra. "Looking Sharp. Dutch Bronze Age razors and tweezers in context." Palaeohistoria 60 (December 14, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/5beaafc5f0505.
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Discussions on the presence, nature and apparel of (presumed) European Bronze Age warriors has traditionally focused on weapon graves, armour and rock art – the latter two regrettably absent in the Low Countries. This means that for this area, warrior identities need to be reconstructed on the basis of funerary assemblages that may even lack actual weapons. Since Paul Treherne’s seminal (1995) paper, particularly razors and tweezers have been recognized as reflecting the personal care typical of the warrior life-style. In this paper, Bronze Age and Early Iron Age razors and tweezers from the Netherlands are discussed as part of their wider West-European distribution. Razors of different shapes (pegged, tanged, symmetrical and asymmetrical) can be shown to date to different phases in the period of c. 1600 – 600 BC. Moreover, in variations in handle and blade shape, regional groups and supra-regional contact networks can be identified. Tweezers too show ample diachronic and regional variations: in addition to presumably local types, Nordic and Hallstatt imports are discernible. Razors and tweezers were part of toilet sets that differed in meaning and composition within the time-frame of 1600-600 BC. We argue that the short-hafted awls frequently found in association may represent tattooing needles. In the Hallstatt period, nail-cutters and ear-scoops complement the set (now often suspended from a ring and worn in leather pouches closed with rings or beads).Contextual analysis of the objects shows that razors could be placed in hoards, yet most originate from graves. Several urnfield razors (and some tweezers) originate from funerary monuments that must have stood out for their age, shape or dimensions (e.g. older tombs, long-bed barrows), hinting at a special status for those interred with the toilet sets. Remarkably, the association of razors and tweezers with weapons is infrequent for the Low Countries during most phases of the Bronze Age. Associations with swords are limited to the Ploughrescant-Ommerschans dagger from the famous Ommerschans hoard and the Gündlingen sword from the Oss chieftain’s grave. This means that in the Low Countries, a pars-pro-toto approach to the expression of warrior identity prevailed – one in which the interment of toilet sets instrumental to the expression of warrior identity took precedence over the interment of weaponry.
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Coles, Tim, C. Michael Hall, and David Timothy Duval. "Tourism and Postdisciplinarity: Back to the Future?" Tourism Analysis 21, no. 4 (July 22, 2016): 373–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/108354216x14679788636113.
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This article revisits postdisciplinary approaches to the study of tourism that were first proposed around a decade ago. Specifically, it sets out to examine the extent to which such approaches have continued relevance to tourism scholarship moving forward. Basic literature searches suggest that the world has changed, yet the tourism academy has not. Traditional disciplines, especially in the social sciences, continue to be the basic building blocks of knowledge production in tourism. However, if a more sophisticated approach is taken to analysis, there is ample evidence of more reasonable, flexible approaches to inquiry about tourism—in particular in the areas of tourism mobilities and climate change. Free from disciplinary dogma and orchestration, these take as their initial cues issues, questions, or problems and how best to tackle them. Indeed, the evidence points to a future trajectory even further in this direction. Many of the major issues facing the research community are so wide in scope and complex in nature that they require academic coalitions to tackle them. Discipline-specific or discipline-exclusive approaches will not suffice on their own. More than 10 years ago, the move toward postdisciplinary modes of inquiry was argued to be inevitable, mainly from intellectual grounds. Although this rationale remains valid, the article argues that unfolding institutional structures and the organization of higher education are also far more encouraging of postdisciplinary approaches. Research investment, especially in advanced economies, is increasingly being targeted toward grand challenges and transformative research.
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Corr, Charles A. "The Death System According to Robert Kastenbaum." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 70, no. 1 (November 2014): 13–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.70.1.c.
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This article focuses on Robert Kastenbaum's seminal concept of the societal death system. Beginning with conflicting claims that America is a death-denying society versus a death-accepting society, the article reports Kastenbaum's definition and description of the death system in American society and sets forth the seven functions and five elements or components of that death system. Next, the article notes Kastenbaum's further claim that “All cultures, past and present, have had death systems.” Finally, two basic lessons are drawn from the foregoing: (1) Kastenbaum's concept of the death system provides a robust framework to explain the networks societies interpose between their members and death, focusing in particular on a more or less integrated and dynamic network within American society whose functions and components are not difficult to recognize in the ways in which they organize many aspects of the lives of individuals who live within that society; and (2) It is preposterous to assert without qualification that America is a death-denying society when there are so many activities and components within that society that are in whole or in part related to death, i.e., although it may be true that many aspects of the contemporary American death system appear to seek to remove death from the mainstream of life, there is ample evidence to indicate that American society as a whole and individuals within that society both accept and deny death simultaneously.
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Ramirez, Humberto, and Thien Sang Lim. "Performance of SMEs: Literature synthesis of contingency models." Problems and Perspectives in Management 19, no. 3 (September 13, 2021): 276–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(3).2021.23.
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The fundamental issue of performance of SMEs has been intensively analyzed by academia mainly through performance models. Performance models are largely focused on predicting failure and have intrinsic limitations. The present literature synthesis proposes an alternative perspective from seemingly unconnected empirical studies, which share the performance of SMEs as a common criterion: contingency models. Such perspective emphasizes the positive facet of SMEs results and complements the current academic standard of prediction models. This study performed integration and conceptual classification of 99 articles cataloged as contingency models and published by reputed journals from 1999 to 2019. The evidence from the integrated empirical literature revealed an ample and diverse set of supported variables that explain a positive economic outcome in small ventures. The analysis and classification of the articles derived 7 sections, 24 categories and 131 supported variables, which are intended to help improve the scholarly and professional analysis of SME performance due to the inherent viability of the integrated articles, proving a benign economic output. This view contradicts the current paradigm of performance models, which is insufficient to predict or explain how to improve SMEs results. The integrated elements developed by this study can work as a framework for the academic research of SMEs performance, and practical guidance for SMEs’ managers. This synthesis sets an agenda for further academic research in the field of SME performance, specifically in the areas of methodology, operationalization of performance, and empirical research.
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Coombes, Caitlin E., Zachary B. Abrams, Samantha Nakayiza, Guy Brock, and Kevin R. Coombes. "Umpire 2.0: Simulating realistic, mixed-type, clinical data for machine learning." F1000Research 9 (March 5, 2021): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.25877.2.
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The Umpire 2.0 R-package offers a streamlined, user-friendly workflow to simulate complex, heterogeneous, mixed-type data with known subgroup identities, dichotomous outcomes, and time-to-event data, while providing ample opportunities for fine-tuning and flexibility. Here, we describe how we have expanded the core Umpire 1.0 R-package, developed to simulate gene expression data, to generate clinically realistic, mixed-type data for use in evaluating unsupervised and supervised machine learning (ML) methods. As the availability of large-scale clinical data for ML has increased, clinical data has posed unique challenges, including widely variable size, individual biological heterogeneity, data collection and measurement noise, and mixed data types. Developing and validating ML methods for clinical data requires data sets with known ground truth, generated from simulation. Umpire 2.0 addresses challenges to simulating realistic clinical data by providing the user a series of modules to generate survival parameters and subgroups, apply meaningful additive noise, and discretize to single or mixed data types. Umpire 2.0 provides broad functionality across sample sizes, feature spaces, and data types, allowing the user to simulate correlated, heterogeneous, binary, continuous, categorical, or mixed type data from the scale of a small clinical trial to data on thousands of patients drawn from electronic health records. The user may generate elaborate simulations by varying parameters in order to compare algorithms or interrogate operating characteristics of an algorithm in both supervised and unsupervised ML.
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Coombes, Caitlin E., Zachary B. Abrams, Samantha Nakayiza, Guy Brock, and Kevin R. Coombes. "Umpire 2.0: Simulating realistic, mixed-type, clinical data for machine learning." F1000Research 9 (October 1, 2020): 1186. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.25877.1.
Full textAbstract:
The Umpire 2.0 R-package offers a streamlined, user-friendly workflow to simulate complex, heterogeneous, mixed-type data with known subgroup identities, dichotomous outcomes, and time-to-event data, while providing ample opportunities for fine-tuning and flexibility. Here, we describe how we have expanded the core Umpire 1.0 R-package, developed to simulate gene expression data, to generate clinically realistic, mixed-type data for use in evaluating unsupervised and supervised machine learning (ML) methods. As the availability of large-scale clinical data for ML has increased, clinical data has posed unique challenges, including widely variable size, individual biological heterogeneity, data collection and measurement noise, and mixed data types. Developing and validating ML methods for clinical data requires data sets with known ground truth, generated from simulation. Umpire 2.0 addresses challenges to simulating realistic clinical data by providing the user a series of modules to generate survival parameters and subgroups, apply meaningful additive noise, and discretize to single or mixed data types. Umpire 2.0 provides broad functionality across sample sizes, feature spaces, and data types, allowing the user to simulate correlated, heterogeneous, binary, continuous, categorical, or mixed type data from the scale of a small clinical trial to data on thousands of patients drawn from electronic health records. The user may generate elaborate simulations by varying parameters in order to compare algorithms or interrogate operating characteristics of an algorithm in both supervised and unsupervised ML.
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Álvarez-Vargas, Francisco Javier, María Angélica Villa Castaño, and Carla Restrepo. "Demand for Ecosystem Services Drive Large-Scale Shifts in Land-Use in Tropical Mountainous Watersheds Prone to Landslides." Remote Sensing 14, no. 13 (June 27, 2022): 3097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14133097.
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An increasing frequency of extreme atmospheric events is challenging our basic knowledge about the resilience mechanisms that mediate the response of small mountainous watersheds (SMW) to landslides, including production of water-derived ecosystem services (WES). We hypothesized that the demand for WES increases the connectivity between lowland and upland regions, and decreases the heterogeneity of SMW. Focusing on four watersheds in the Central Andes of Colombia and combining “site-specific knowledge”, historic land cover maps (1970s and 1980s), and open, analysis-ready remotely sensed data (GLAD Landsat ARD; 1990–2000), we addressed three questions. Over roughly 120 years, the site-specific data revealed an increasing demand for diverse WES, as well as variation among the watersheds in the supply of WES. At watershed-scales, variation in the water balances—a surrogate for water-derived ES flows—exhibited complex relationships with forest cover. Fractional forest cover (pi) and forest aggregation (AIi) varied between the historic and current data sets, but in general showed non-linear relationships with elevation and slope. In the current data set (1990–2000), differences in the number of significant, linear models explaining variation in pi with time, suggest that slope may play a more important role than elevation in land cover change. We found ample evidence for a combined effect of slope and elevation on the two land cover metrics, which would be consistent with strategies directed to mitigate site-specific landslide-associated risks. Overall, our work shows strong feedbacks between lowland and upland areas, raising questions about the sustainable production of WES.
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Czernek, Jiří, Jiří Brus, and Vladimíra Czerneková. "A computational inspection of the dissociation energy of mid-sized organic dimers." Journal of Chemical Physics 156, no. 20 (May 28, 2022): 204303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0093557.
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The gas-phase value of the dissociation energy ( D0) is a key parameter employed in both experimental and theoretical descriptions of noncovalent complexes. The D0 data were obtained for a set of mid-sized organic dimers in their global minima which was located using geometry optimizations that applied ample basis sets together with either the conventional second-order Møller–Plesset (MP2) method or several dispersion-corrected density-functional theory (DFT-D) schemes. The harmonic vibrational zero-point (VZP) and deformation energies from the MP2 calculations were combined with electronic energies from the coupled cluster theory with singles, doubles, and iterative triples [CCSD(T)] extrapolated to the complete basis set (CBS) limit to estimate D0 with the aim of inspecting values that were most recently measured, and an analogous comparison was performed using the DFT-D data. In at least one case (namely, for the aniline⋯methane cluster), the D0 estimate that employed the CCSD(T)/CBS energies differed from experiment in the way that could not be explained by a possible deficiency in the VZP contribution. Curiously, one of the DFT-D schemes (namely, the B3LYP-D3/def2-QZVPPD) was able to reproduce all measured D0 values to within 1.0 kJ/mol from experimental error bars. These findings show the need for further measurements and computations of some of the complexes. In order to facilitate such studies, the physical nature of intermolecular interactions in the investigated dimers was analyzed by means of the DFT-based symmetry-adapted perturbation theory.
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Corrado, Giandomenico, Marcello Forlani, Rosa Rao, and Boris Basile. "Diversity and Relationships among Neglected Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Landraces Using Morphological Traits and SSR Markers: Implications for Agro-Biodiversity Conservation." Plants 10, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 1341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10071341.
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Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) is an economically important tree species globally cultivated in temperate areas. Italy has an ample number of traditional varieties, but numerous landraces are abandoned and at risk of extinction because of increasing urbanization, agricultural intensification, and varietal renewal. In this work, we investigated the morphological and genetic diversity present in an ex-situ collection of 28 neglected varieties belonging to the so-called “Vesuvian apricot”. Our aim was to understand the level of diversity and the possible link between the promotion of specific fruit types (e.g., by public policies) and the intraspecific variation in apricot. The combination of five continuous and seven categorical traits allowed us to phenotypically distinguish the varieties; while fruit quality-related attributes displayed high variation, both apricot size and skin colour were more uniform. The twelve fluorescent-based Simple Sequence Repeats (SSRs) markers identified cultivar-specific molecular profiles and revealed a high molecular diversity, which poorly correlated with that described by the morphological analysis. Our results highlighted the complementary information provided by the two sets of descriptors and that DNA markers are necessary to separate morphologically related apricot landraces. The observed morphological and genetic differences suggest a loss of diversity influenced by maintenance breeding of specific pomological traits (e.g., skin colour and size). Finally, our study provided evidence to recommend complementary strategies to avoid the loss of diversity in apricot. Actions should pivot on both the promotion of easily identified premium products and more inclusive biodiversity-centred on-farm strategies.
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Carara, Everton, Ney Calazans, and Fernando Moraes. "A New Router Architecture for High-Performance Intrachip Networks." Journal of Integrated Circuits and Systems 3, no. 1 (November 18, 2008): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29292/jics.v3i1.278.
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For almost a decade now, Network on Chip (NoC) concepts have evolved to provide an interesting alternative to more traditional intrachip communication architectures (e.g. shared busses) for the design of complex Systems on Chip (SoCs). A considerable number of NoC proposals are available, focusing on different sets of optimization aspects, related to specific classes of applications. Each such application employs a NoC as part of its underlying implementation infrastructure. Many of the mentioned optimization aspects target results such as Quality of Service (QoS) achievement and/or power consumption reduction. On the other hand, the use of NoCs brings about the solution of new design problems, such to the choice of synchronization method to employ between NoC routers and application modules mapping. Although the availability of NoC structures is already rather ample, some design choices are at base of many, if not most, NoC proposals. These include the use of wormhole packet switching and virtual channels. This work pledges against this practice. It discusses trade-offs of using circuit or packet switching, arguing in favor the use of the former with fixed size packets (cells). Quantitative data supports the argumentation. Also, the work proposes and justifies replacing the use of virtual channels by replicated channels, based on the abundance of wires in current and expected deep sub-micron technologies. Finally, the work proposes a transmission method coupling the use of session layer structures to circuit switching to better support application implementation. The main reported result is the availability of a router with reduced latency and area, a communication architecture adapted for high-performance applications.
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Elbasani, Arolda, and Jelena Tošić. "Localized Islam(s): interpreting agents, competing narratives, and experiences of faith." Nationalities Papers 45, no. 4 (July 2017): 499–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2017.1300792.
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This special issue investigates contemporary transformations of Islam in the post-Communist Balkans. We put forward the concept oflocalized Islamas an analytical lens that aptly captures the input of various interpreting agents, competing narratives, and choices of faith. By adopting an agent-based approach that is sensitive to relevant actors’ choices and the contexts where they operate, we explore how various groups negotiate and ultimately localize the grand Islamic tradition, depending on where they are situated along the hierarchy of power. Specifically, we outline three sets of actors and narratives related to revival of Islamic faith: (1) political elites, mainstream intellectuals, and religious hierarchies often unite in safeguarding a nation-centric understanding of religion, (2) foreign networks and missionaries make use of open channels of communication to propagate their specific interpretations and agendas, and (3) lay believers tend to choose among different offers and rally around the living dimension of religious practice. Contributions in this issue bring ample evidence of multiple actors’ strategies, related perspectives, and contingent choices of being a Muslim. Case studies include political debates on mosque construction in Athens; political narratives that underpin the construction of the museum of the father of Ataturk in Western Macedonia; politicians’ and imams’ competing interpretations of the Syrian war in Kosovo, Macedonia, and Albania; the emergence of practice communities that perform Muslim identity in Bulgaria; the particular codes of sharia dating in post-war Sarajevo; and veneration of saints among Muslim Roma in different urban areas in the Balkans.
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Zhang, Kai, and Dong Yan. "Enhancing the Community Environment in Populous Residential Districts: Neighborhood Amenities and Residents’ Daily Needs." Sustainability 15, no. 17 (September 4, 2023): 13255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151713255.
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Due to urban population growth, dense communities have emerged as a common approach to improve land utilization and minimize resource consumption to foster sustainable development in cities. In densely populated neighborhoods, the accessibility, availability, and appropriateness of amenities play a crucial role in the sustainable development of cities and residents’ quality of life. This study integrates the distribution of amenities within densely populated cities and utilizes residential assessments to analyze the effectiveness of these amenities in meeting the daily needs of residents. This analysis is based on a survey conducted in the three most populated cities in China. The study utilizes two sets of data: amenity distribution information and a questionnaire regarding the state of amenities and residents’ daily needs. The survey began in 2019 and was completed in 2021. A total of 1060 valid questionnaires were collected, with Shanghai accounting for 42%, and Beijing and Chongqing accounting for 30% and 28%, respectively. The findings demonstrate a higher density of amenities in populous areas, indicating a response to the overall requirements of residents. In these areas, the transportation network is extended more widely. Moreover, neighborhoods equipped with outdoor green spaces, ample parking, security services, and accessible public institutions received positive evaluations from residents, as they actively fulfilled their living needs. In neighborhood planning, prioritizing the coverage and quantity of these amenities can enhance the functionality and effectiveness of dense residential areas. This approach promotes sustainable development goals by improving the efficiency of urban resource allocation and establishing a convenient neighborhood environment.
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Pan, Yugao. "Apple's Secret to Being Successful: Research on Apple's Commercial Marketing Strategy Based on Multi-marketing Framework." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 27 (March 5, 2024): 413–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/c8qj3c65.
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Apple Inc., a renowned technology brand, wields an immense influence in the industry, consistently captivating consumers with its innovative products. Over time, Apple has transcended its status as a mere technology provider, evolving into a global fashion trendsetter. This article delves into the factors contributing to Apple's unparalleled success, focusing on its remarkable sales figures and extensive network of physical offline stores. One of the key pillars of Apple's success lies in its ability to consistently offer insights and creativity that resonate with consumers. Apple's relentless pursuit of innovation sets it apart from competitors, as evidenced by the iconic iPhone, MacBook, and other groundbreaking products that have redefined the technology landscape. Furthermore, Apple's dedication to providing exceptional after-sales services contributes significantly to its allure. The brand's commitment to customer satisfaction, with its user-friendly interfaces, prompt software updates, and responsive support teams, ensures a loyal customer base that continues to grow. Another essential aspect of Apple's success is its willingness to take on social responsibility. The company actively engages in environmental sustainability efforts and ethical sourcing, aligning its business practices with societal concerns. This commitment enhances Apple's reputation and appeals to socially conscious consumers. As a peer into the future, Apple Inc. faces both opportunities and challenges. On one hand, the company is poised to continue pushing technological boundaries, offering consumers even more cutting-edge innovations. With advancements in artificial intelligence, augmented reality, and other emerging technologies, Apple has ample room to expand its product offerings and maintain its competitive edge.
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Troccoli, Alberto, Clare Goodess, Phil Jones, Lesley Penny, Steve Dorling, Colin Harpham, Laurent Dubus, et al. "Creating a proof-of-concept climate service to assess future renewable energy mixes in Europe: An overview of the C3S ECEM project." Advances in Science and Research 15 (August 23, 2018): 191–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-15-191-2018.
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Abstract. The EU Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) European Climatic Energy Mixes (ECEM) has produced, in close collaboration with prospective users, a proof-of-concept climate service, or Demonstrator, designed to enable the energy industry and policy makers assess how well different energy supply mixes in Europe will meet demand, over different time horizons (from seasonal to long-term decadal planning), focusing on the role climate has on the mixes. The concept of C3S ECEM, its methodology and some results are presented here. The first part focuses on the construction of reference data sets for climate variables based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis. Subsequently, energy variables were created by transforming the bias-adjusted climate variables using a combination of statistical and physically-based models. A comprehensive set of measured energy supply and demand data was also collected, in order to assess the robustness of the conversion to energy variables. Climate and energy data have been produced both for the historical period (1979–2016) and for future projections (from 1981 to 2100, to also include a past reference period, but focusing on the 30 year period 2035–2065). The skill of current seasonal forecast systems for climate and energy variables has also been assessed. The C3S ECEM project was designed to provide ample opportunities for stakeholders to convey their needs and expectations, and assist in the development of a suitable Demonstrator. This is the tool that collects the output produced by C3S ECEM and presents it in a user-friendly and interactive format, and it therefore constitutes the essence of the C3S ECEM proof-of-concept climate service.
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Sales, Thiago, Odilon Lourenço, Mariana Dutra, and Rodrigo Negreiros. "Revisiting the thermal relaxation of neutron stars." Astronomy & Astrophysics 642 (October 2020): A42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038193.
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In this work, we revisit the thermal relaxation process for neutron stars. Such a process is associated with the thermal coupling between the core and the crust of neutron stars. The thermal relaxation, which takes place at around 10–100 years, is manifested as a sudden drop in the star’s surface temperature. Such a drop is smooth for slowly cooling objects and very sharp for fast-cooling ones. In our study, we focused particularly on the cooling of neutron stars whose mass is slightly greater than the value above which the direct Urca (DU) process sets in. Considering different mechanisms for neutrino production in each region of the star, and working with equations of state with different properties, we solved the thermal evolution equation and calculated the thermal relaxation time for an ample range of neutron star masses. By performing a comprehensive study of neutron stars just above the onset of the DU process, we show that stars under these conditions exhibit a peculiar thermal relaxation behavior. We demonstrate that such stars exhibit an abnormally late relaxation time, characterized by a second drop in its surface temperature taking place a later age. We qualified such behavior by showing that it is associated with limited spatial distribution of the DU process in such stars. We show that as the star’s mass increases, the DU region also grows, and the star exhibits the expected behavior of fast-cooling stars. Finally, we show that one can expect high relaxation times for stars in which the DU process takes place in a radius no larger than 3 km.