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1

Watson, Jeanette Esther, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Studies on Australian hydroids the genus eudendrium and the fauna of the seagrass amphibolis." Deakin University. School of Science, 1990. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.121035.

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An important Athecate genus, Eudendrium, and a group of species of the Thecata, the latter ecologically related by life on a common substrate, are reviewed. Eudendrium, hitherto poorly known in Australia, comprises 17 species, including 10 undescribed species with 71% Australian, and high provincial endemicity. Eudendrium may be a shelf genus avoiding turbulent oceanic waters. Species of Eudendrium are predominantly epizoic and some gregariously settling colonies may live for five years. Identification of sterile material is refined by using the cnidome in a key to classification. The species and population dynamics of hydroid epiphytes of the endemic southern Australian marine angiosperm Amphibolis were investigated with revision of historically vexatious taxa. In contrast with the northern hemisphere, no Athecata are associated with southern Australian seagrasses. Seventeen species from eight thecate families are associated with the two species of Amphibolis, including one undescribed species, H&lecium amphibolum, and one new record for Australia, Aglaophenia postdentata. The Lineolariidae is revised and a new genus, Millardaria, erected for a species from seagrass in Madagascar. The high endemicity (58%) and host-specificity of hydroids to Amphibolis is an evolutionary consequence of isolation of the seagrass dating from break-up of the Tethyan Sea. Hydroids occur throughout the year in the Amphibolis leaf canopy with a mean annual epiphytism of 44% on A. antarctica in the eastern continent and 86% in the western continent; epiphytism is 52% on A. griffithii in the western continent. Half of the eight important species are dominant epiphytes across the southern continent but the species and order of abundance varies regionally. Most are pioneer colonists with short, repetetive life-cycles lasting from weeks to a few months. Three species epiphytise the seagrass stems but only one is a leaf-canopy dominant. The canopy community comprises small, fast-growing species or dwarfed variants of species larger in other habitats: these ecomorphically constant forms are associated only with seagrass. Strategies for survival in the harsh Amphibolis environment include adnate colonies and gonothecae adnate or recumbent to the substrate, marked strengthening of the hydrorhiza, various hydrodynamic adaptations of the hydrotheca, early maturation and production of numerous small ova.
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2

Iezzi, Gianluca. "Cristallochimie des amphiboles à lithium." Orléans, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ORLE2035.

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Le développement de nouvelles méthodes de micro-analyse, a révélé l'importance des éléments légers dans les minéraux majeurs. Li+, cation de petite taille, peut parfois remplacer Na+, mais fréquemment iremplace Mg2+ en sites octaédriques, ce qui implique des substitutions compensatoires. Les amphiboles présentent plusieurs types de sites susceptibles d'accueillir Li+, selon les mécanismes de substitution indiqués ci-dessus. Malgré une bonne connaissance des relations d'ordre à longue distance (LRO) impliquant Li+, fournie par des échantillons naturels, les relations d'ordre à courte distance (SRO), les conditions de stabilité et les relations avec d'autres groupes d'amphiboles étaient inconnues. Un travail expérimental, en conditions hydrothermales, complété par des études en DRX, et des analyses spectrométriques, IRTF et Mössbauer a permis de combler ce manque, sur deux types d'amphiboles à Li+, la holmquistite, avec Li+ en sites [B], et la leakeite, avec Li+ en sites [C]. Les distributions cationiques dans les différents sites ont été déterminées. Les variables utilisées ont été la composition des systèmes, T, P et fO2. La holmquistite Al n'a jamais pu être obtenue dans les conditions adoptées. Par contre, l'introduction de Fe3+ dans le système stabilise sa structure. . On décrit la ferri-ferroholmquistite, amphibole très ordonnée, avec Li+ en sites [B], Fe2+ en sites [C], et Fe3+ exclusivement en sites octaédriques M(2). Les relations d'ordre à courte distance (SRO), dans les ferri-holmquistites obtenues dans différentes conditions expérimentales, et leur évolution le long du join ferro-magnésien ont aussi été étudiées. Enfin, les relations entre clinoamphiboles sodiques et clinoamphiboles à Mg-Mn-Fe-Li ont été établies. La lacune de miscibilité communément admise entre les deux groupes n'existe pas puisqu'un remplacement complet de Na+ par Li+ en sites [B] a pu être obtenu expérimentalement. Finalement, la spectrométrie IRTF montre que dans la leakeite, Li+ est ordonné en sites M(1,3), en accord avec les données précédemment obtenues sur monocristaux naturels.
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3

Della, Ventura Giancarlo. "Cristallochimie des richtérites de synthèse." Orléans, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ORLE2015.

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Ce travail concerne la synthese et la caracterisation cristallochimique d'amphiboles de type richterite diversement substituees. Le but de cette etude est la comprehension des mecanismes d'incorporation de divers elements cationiques (ti, sr et elements de transition), et de l'anion f#, et la determination de la reponse structurale de l'amphibole a ces substitutions. Les syntheses ont ete effectuees en conditions hydrothermales, de 600 a 900c, et sous pression d'eau de 1 a 3 kbar. Il ressort de ce travail que l'impossibilite d'obtenir certaines compositions n'est pas due au choix des conditions de synthese mais a des contraintes cristallochimiques. Les phases obtenues ont ete caracterisees par drx, ftir, raman et rietveld. L'evolution des parametres de maille en fonction du rayon ionique moyen du cation present dans un site donne est en general anisotrope. Ceci peut etre explique pour les sites o(3), m(4) et t(2), en considerant leur arrangement topologique dans la structure. Par contre, pour les sites m, c'est la configuration electronique, plus que la dimension ionique qui controle le comportement de l'ion. Globalement, l'evolution du volume de maille avec le cube du rayon ionique moyen dans le site concerne est lineaire. Le titane se fixe exclusivement en site tetraedrique, en remplacement du silicium. Seul le tetraedre t(2), a deux oxygenes pontants est concerne par cette substitution. Les elements de transition ni et co se fixent en remplacement de mg, dans les sites m, mais on observe une nette preference de ces elements pour les sites m(1,3), hydroxyles. Enfin, la substitution sr-na est aleatoire dans le site m(4)
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4

Sergent, José. "Relations d'ordre dans les clinoamphiboles sodi-calciques de synthèse." Orléans, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/1999ORLE2068.

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5

Pendlebury, K. "Compositional relationships in amphibole paragenesis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374562.

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6

McCulloch, William Robert. "Metasomatism between amphibolite and metaultramafic rocks during upper amphibolite facies metamorphism, Tobacco Root Mountains, southwest Montana." PDXScholar, 1988. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3904.

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The purpose of this study is to characterize the metasomatism that has taken place as a result of the chemical incompatibility between mafic and metaultramafic bulk compositions during high-grade regional metamorphism in the Tobacco Root Mountains, southwest Montana. Metasomatism of these rocks took place by both diffusionand infiltration-dominated processes. The result of these processes are characterized mineralogically and geochemically in the rocks.
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7

Najorka, Jens. "Structural and thermodynamic properties of Ca-Al-bearing amphiboles." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962695629.

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8

Reece, James John. "In-situ studies of divalent cation behaviour in amphiboles." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620691.

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9

Jannot, Séverine Schiano Pierre. "Genèse et évolution des magmas primitifs de la chaine des Puys (Massif Central): une approche par l'étude des inclusions magmatiques." Clermont-Ferrand : Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://195.221.120.247/simclient/consultation/binaries/stream.asp?INSTANCE=UCFRSIM&eidmpa=DOCUMENTS_THESES_93.

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10

Jannot, Séverine. "Genèse et évolution des magmas primitifs de la chaîne des Puys (Massif Central) : une approche par l'étude des inclusions magmatiques." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00684061/document.

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Les basaltes émis dans la Chaîne des Puys, dernière manifestation volcanique du Massif Central, ne correspondent pas à des magmas primaires. Ces derniers ne pouvant pas être identifiés à partir des laves, une approche plus directe a été utilisée, à savoir l'étude des inclusions magmatiques piégées dans les olivines magnésiennes. Les compositions en éléments en traces de ces liquides primitifs inclus, de type basanite-basalte alcalin, seraient le résultat de différents degrés de fusion d'une source magmatique à amphibole résiduelle, c'est-à-dire au niveau du manteau lithosphérique métasomatisé. D'autre part, les liquides piégés dans les olivines d'enclaves mantelliques retrouvées dans un des volcans étudiés sont riches en silice et en alcalins. Ils représenteraient les premiers degrés de fusion d'une péridotite à 1 GPa ; sans relation pétrogénique directe avec les liquides piégés dans les olivines magmatiques et les laves émises en surface
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11

Samaniego, Eguiguren Pablo. "Transition entre magmatisme calco-alcalin et adakitique dans le cas d'une subduction impliquant une ride océanique : le volcan Cayambe (Equateur)." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CLF21295.

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12

Palin, Erika Jane. "Computer simulation studies of cation ordering in phyllosilicates and amphiboles." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615902.

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13

Chyi, Kwo-Ling. "Relationships between crystal structure, bonding and thermal stability of amphiboles." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/87181.

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The complexities in structure and chemical composition of the amphiboles and the wide range of their occurrence suggest that the amphiboles are potential index minerals for the physical conditions of their formation. Hydrothermal stability studies of several amphibole endmembers have demonstrated that the FeMg₋₁ substitution produces a wide spread in thermal stability. The crystal structure, upon substitution, responds to the differences in cation size and site occupancy, but the changes are small. In order to correlate the observed stability variation with the observed differences in crystal structure of amphiboles, structure parameters as well as calculated bond strengths, Madelung site energies, and average bond overlap populations obtained from Extended Hückel Molecular Orbital (EHMO) calculation for different cation sites, were examined. Among the examined structural parameters, calculated Madelung site potentials, and bond strength, only the parameters involving bonds between the M(1)- and M(3)-cations with OH show higher correlations with the thermal stability as compared to those of the M(2)- and M(4)-cations. This reflects the dehydration nature of the amphibole break-down reaction, since the OH bonding with seems important in controlling the thermal stability. Infrared absorption spectra of amphiboles show the fine structure of the hydroxyl group. The frequency of the absorption band is related directly to the strength of the OH bond. Positive correlations exist between thermal stability and OH-stretching frequency for different amphibole end-members at different temperatures. For epidote minerals, as well as for muscovite and phlogopite, high OH-stretching frequencies also correlated with the minerals having higher thermal stability. These correlations indicate that the thermal stability of many hydrous minerals may be significantly related to the localized force field around the OH bond. The crystal structure of grunerite Klein No. 9A has been refined and compared with grunerite Klein No. 1 (Finger, 1969) and cummingtonite (Ghose, 1961; Fisher, 1966). The results show that the substitution of Fe for Mg into the cummingtonite-grunerite structure not only enlarges the octahedral layer but also affects the size of the T(1) and T(2) tetrahedra and thus increases strain on the octahedral and tetrahedral linkage. The high thermal expansion of the octahedral layer and the negligible effect of heating on the tetrahedral layer substantially increase the strain on the structure. This may also explain why the Fe-rich end member decomposes at a lower temperature than its Mg-analogue, the structure of which can accommodate the build-up of strain with increasing temperature.
Ph. D.
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14

Prince, K. E. "Mineral transformations within amphibolites at Eldora, Colorado." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11275.

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Detailed petrological and geochemical investigations performed upon amphibolites from Eldora, Colorado have clearly demonstrated the heterogeneous nature by which rocks situated within the lower crust adapt to changes in the physico-chemical environments imposed upon them through time. The Eldora Amphibolites formed and attained both chemical and textural equilibration during the initial PreCambrian metamorphism of the Idaho Springs Formation c.1850my ago. Several alteration events have affected the Amphibolites since their formation. Migmatisation, with the widespread injection of leucocratic seams, occurred c.1750my ago. At least two phases of PreCambrian re-heating, caused by the intrusions of the Silver Plume and Pike's Peak Granites, have also taken place. The re-heating associated with the intrusion of the Silver Plume Granite c.1410my ago resulted in the re-setting of the K-Ar ages of the rocks. Both PreCambrian and Laramide (60-100my) mineralisation have been previously documented within other rocks from the Formation. It has been difficult to conclusively distinguish between these different aged mineralising events in many of the rocks at Eldora since both types produced similar textural and chemical changes within the amphibolites. A quartz monzonite stock which also intruded into the Amphibolites during the Laramide orogenic event has been shown to have had little noticeable effect upon the surrounding country-rocks except those within approximately 2m. of the contact. This conflicts with the classic text of Hart (1964), who postulated temperature-related modifications in an approximately 30m. wide aureole surrounding the Stock. This study has concentrated upon characterising, and establishing the relative timing of, the modifications which took place to original ferroan-pargasitic-hornblende crystals within the amphibolites. Four slightly different amphibole alteration types (termed Boundary, Microvein, Extensive single crystal and Extensive multi-crystal alterations) have been recognised and fully characterised using optical, electron microprobe and electron microscope techniques. Extensive single crystal and Extensive multi-crystal alterations are only seen in rocks situated within 2m. of the Stock. All the alteration types, irrespective of their proximity to the Stock contact are only ever present within certain parts of the rock, termed permeation zones and microfracture networks. These zones are believed to represent the routes via which fluids gained access to the rocks. The majority of the mineral alterations identified resulted from crystal-fluid interactions and are not the result of diffusive exchange associated with any re-heating (PreCambrian and/or Laramide) that may have affected the rocks. The 2m. zone surrounding the Stock is probably the product of alteration caused by the passage of metasomatic fluids emanating from within the Stock.
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15

Welch, Mark David. "Experimental studies of selected amphiboles in the system Na2O-CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-H2O-F2 and its subsystems." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11947.

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16

MAAMAR, BENYOUNES. "Relations structurales micas-pyroxenes-amphiboles et transformations mutuelles : experimentation et modelisation." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CLF21362.

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Partant d'une association minerale naturelle comportant taeniolite, acmite et magnesioarfvedsonite, observee dans la zone de fenitisation developpee autour d'une tinguaite, la recherche porte sur les processus cristallochimiques pouvant expliquer l'association observee: les voies utilisees ont ete plus particulierement la synthese experimentale et la modelisation numerique, avec pour base une analyse precise des donnees cristallochimiques detaillees des composants des biopyriboles, mica, pyroxene et amphibole. Cette recherche a ete etendue dans deux directions: probleme des amphiboles alumineuses et extension a des stades de cristallisation magmatique de la validite des mecanismes proposes ici pour des transformations metasomatiques. Deux processus peuvent expliquer l'association minerale naturelle: l'amphibole resulte d'une association de type biopyribole (taeniolie+acmite) ou, l'amphibole resulte d'une transformation topotactique par introduction de na dans la structure mica, sous f(02) elevee. Les experiences menees dans les conditions de temperature compatibles avec les donnees naturelles ont montre que ces deux processus etaient egalement possibles: pour les deux protocoles experimentaux, la magnesiarfvedsonite a ete synthetisee. Basee sur le modele precedent, une nouvelle formulation de l'apparition de la pargasite (amphibole a al) est proposee en partant de preiswerkite et de diopside: l'experimentation a abouti a la cristallisation de pargasite et le rapport pargasite/preiswerkite+diopside est d'autant plus grand que la temperature est plus elevee. Afin de tester si les mecanismes proposes pour des conditions subsolidus de cristallisation pouvaient s'appliquer aussi a des conditions de cristallisation magmatique, des associations pyroxene-amphibole ont ete etudiees par met et methr dans des pyroxenites a amphiboles. Cette etude a tres fine echelle, conduit a proposer pour celles-ci une origine par syncristallisation qui serait coherente avec les mecanismes presentes precedemment
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17

Wang, Weiliang, and 王維亮. "Amphibolites of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone, Tibet." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41897237.

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18

Wang, Weiliang. "Amphibolites of the Bangong-Nujiang suture zone, Tibet." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41897237.

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19

Arnold, Jo. "Staurolite-kyanite-amphibolites : calculated phase relations with application to amphibolites from the Harts Range, central Australia and the Zillertaler Alpen, Austria /." Title page, contents and introduction only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha756.pdf.

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20

Dalpé, Claude. "Trace element partitioning between amphibole and basaltic melt." Thesis, McGill University, 1997. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=34939.

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The effects of composition, pressure and oxygen fugacity on partition coefficients between amphibole and hydrous basaltic melt were studied at 1.5 to 2.5 GPa and 1000 to 1130°C. Partition coefficients (D i = concentration of element i in amphibole/concentration of i in melt) of large-ion-lithophile elements (LILE: Rb, Sr, Ba), high-field-strength elements (HFSE: Y, Zr, Nb, Ta, Hf), and rare-earth elements (REE: La to Lu) were determined between amphiboles and coexisting quenched melts created by partial crystallization of seven different starting compositions in a piston-cylinder high-pressure apparatus. Trace elements were analyzed by laser-ablation, microprobe inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (LAM-ICP-MS). The effects of premium, temperature and oxygen fugacity on the partition coefficients are minor, but statistically measurable. Amphibole composition affects partitioning of these trace elements by a maximum factor of 3.5 in the range of pressures and temperatures studied with an oxygen fugacity range of 2 orders of magnitude above and below nickel-nickel oxide buffer. Experiments specifically investigating the role of Ti demonstrate that a positive correlation exists between amphibole VITi 4+ content and DBa, D Sr, DTa, D Zr, DLa, DCe, DPr, and DNd. Increasing pressure from 1.5 GPa, to 2.2 or 2.5 GPa (depending upon composition) increases DLILE, but decreases DHFSE and DREE. Raising the oxygen fugacity at 1.5 or 2.5 GPa by 3 orders of magnitude increases DRb, DBa, DLa, and D Nd, whereas DTi, D Hf, and DZr decrease; however, the maximum difference between partition coefficients measured at low and high oxygen fugacities is only a factor of 1.7. All of the effects of composition, pressure, and oxygen fugacity reflect the control of crystal chemistry on the partitioning of trace elements between amphibole and basaltic melt. No effects of melt composition were discerned in this study. The measured partition coefficients were used to investigate tr
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21

Dalpé, Claude. "Trace element partitioning between amphibole and basaltic melt." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0007/NQ44399.pdf.

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22

Paris, Eleonora. "Structural studies of minerals and glasses by X-ray absorption spectroscopy." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/2eab35bf-1d11-4dca-9901-6e3e32e51931.

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23

Cumbest, Randolph J. "Crystal-plastic deformation and chemical evolution of clinoamphibole." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54322.

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Clinoamphibole from a mylonitic amphibolite, located on Senja, Norway, exhibits microstructures characteristic of dynamic recrystallization, including larger host grains in a finer grained matrix of needle shaped amphibole. The matrix amphibole defines an LS fabric and host grains have core and mantle structures with a core containing undulose to patchy extinction and (100) deformation twinning surrounded by a mantle of recrystallized grains. In addition intragranular grains also occur within the cores. TEM analysis of the host grains revealed high densities of dislocations, dislocation arrays/subgrain boundaries parallel to (hk0), stacking faults, and (100) deformation micro-twins. Dark field, weak beam images show that the dislocations are commonly dissociated. Diffraction contrast experiments compared with computer simulation of dislocation images indicate the primary unit Burgers vector is [001]. This information in conjunction with trace analysis of glide loops and dislocation line direction shows that the following glide systems were operative: [001]{110}, [001](100), and possibly [001](010), in order of relative occurrence. These data along with dislocation energies are considered in order to propose a possible model for the [001] unit Burgers vector in the clinoamphibole structure. TEM also showed that matrix grains and intragranular grains have relatively low defect densities, and that the intergranular new grains occur at localities in the host grains characterized by high densities of dislocations. These observations along with the chemical and orientation relationships between the recrystallized grains and their host indicate that the new grains may have formed by heterogeneous nucleation and that further growth probably occurred by both strain assisted and chemically induced grain boundary migration or liquid film migration. This recrystallization event is interpreted to be synkinematic based on the fact that no recrystallization textures are present in the matrix grains and that the matrix grains define an LS fabric. However, the low defect densities in the matrix grains and the lack of intracrystalline strain in other phases indicate that post-kinematic recovery processes were active.
Ph. D.
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24

Nyman, Matthew W. "The interaction between chemical and mechanical processes during metamorphism : a microstructural and petrologic study of amphibolite shear zones, Cheyenne Belt, Southeastern Wyoming /." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10032007-171544/.

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25

Barr, Hazel Mary. "Fluid-rock interactions during blueschist and greenschist metamorphism in the Aegean area of Greece." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10741.

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Giraud, Alain. "Apport de la géochimie des éléments en traces... : caractérisation des métabasites des groupes leptyno-amphiboliques du Massif central, haut-Allier, Marvejols, Rouergue : genèse des ignimbrites de Toscane /." Montpellier : Centre géologique et géophysique, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb349089226.

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27

Wang, Alian. "Application de la microspectrométrie Raman à l'étude de quelques problèmes intéressant le domaine de la géologie." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10136.

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Application de la microspectrométrie Raman au domaine de la géologie, en particulier aux problèmes se rapportant à la structure cristalline et la caractérisation des minéraux en relation avec les processus de diagenèse et métallogenèse. Etude d'un même monocristal de cummingtone avec les microspectrométries Raman et infrarouge d'absorption. Etude de l'ordre structural du squelette carbone de composés originaires d'un dépôt uranifère. Etude détaillée de la modification du spectre des pyropes en relation avec leur origine géographique (kimberlite ou non)
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28

Taylor, G. J. "The amphibolite and metasediments of the northwest Weekeroo Inlier, Olary Province /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbt241.pdf.

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29

Johnson, Yvonne Audrey. "Nature and origin of Lewisian amphibolites of the Loch Maree group." Thesis, Keele University, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.253264.

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30

Injoque-Espinoza, J. "Geochemistry of the Cu-Fe-amphibole skarn deposits of the Peruvian coast." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355424.

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31

Kuyumjian, Raul Minas. "The geochemistry and tectonic significance of amphibolites from the Chapada sequence, Central Brazil." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/47522.

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32

Towbin, W. Henry. "Thermobarometric modeling of the Catalina amphibolite unit: implications for tectonic and metasomatic models." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1384646494.

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33

Aertgeerts, Geoffrey. "Étude pétrologique des reliques ophiolitiques des complexes de Champtoceaux et d’Audierne : caractérisation des minéraux fibreux dans les roches mafiques et ultramafiques." Nantes, 2016. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=37f05a05-b938-470d-a0ca-6c9568cb6a76.

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Les reliques d’unités ophiolitiques du Massif armoricain méridional appartenant aux complexes de Champtoceaux et à celui de la baie d’Audierne sont interprétées comme des ophiolites héritées de l’océan Galice-Massif central qui séparait le Gondwana de la microplaque Armorica. L’étude pétrostructurale et géochimique montre que ces ophiolites, de type ligurien, ont des signatures de suprasubduction. Deux ophiolites peuvent être distinguées dans le Complexe de Champtoceaux. L’ophiolite dévonienne de Drain-Pont de Barel est caractérisée par des lherzolites à spinelle, des cumulats et des laves de Type N-MORB. Elle pourrait s’être mise en place dans le Bassin arrière arc de Saint-Georges-Sur-Loire. L’ophiolite des Folies Siffait serait constituée d’harzburgites refertilisées, de cumulats et de laves de Type-N-MORB. Elle pourrait être silurienne et intraocéanique. Dans le complexe de la baie d’Audierne, l’ophiolite serait ordovicienne et constituée d’harzburgites, voire de lherzolites à spinelle fortement refertilisées, de cumulats et de liquide de type N-MORB. Cette ophiolite pourrait appartenir à l’océan Galice-Massif central. Toutes les péridotites du Massif armoricain sont fortement serpentinisées par infiltration d’eau de mer. Au cours de ces processus, les principales veines de chrysotiles pourraient s’être formées par sursaturation des fluides. Toutes les roches mafiques ont été déformées et métamorphisées au cours d’un même évènement tectonométamorphique qui pourrait être dévono-carbonifère. À la fin de cet évènement, la circulation de fluide siliceux aurait provoqué la fracturation des roches et déstabilisé les amphiboles aciculaires en amphiboles fibreuses
Relics of ophiolitic units of the south Armorican Massif belonging to the Champtoceaux and Audierne complexes are interpreted as inherited from the Galice-Massif central ocean which separated Gondwana and the Armorica microplate. A petrological and geochemical study shows that all these rocks belong to a suprasubduction ligurian type ophiolite. Two ophiolites were recognized in the Champtoceaux complex. The Drain-Pont de Barel Devonian ophiolite is characterized by spinel lherzolites, cumulates and N-Type MORB mafic rocks. It could have been set up in the Saint-Georges-sur-Loire back arc basin. The Folies Siffait ophiolite could be composed of refertilized harzburgites, cumulates and N-Type MORB mafic rocks. It could be an intraoceanic Silurian ophiolite. In the Audierne complex, the ophiolite is Ordovician and constituted by strongly refertilized spinel harzburgites, sometimes lherzolites, cumulates and N-Type MORB mafic rocks. This ophiolite could belong to the Galice-Massif central ocean. All the peridotites are strongly serpentinized by sea-water rock interaction. During this process, chrysotile cross-fiber veins have been probably formed by fluids oversaturation. All mafic rocks were strongly deformed during a main event which could be late Devonian to Carboniferous. During the late stage of this event, fluid circulation would have caused rock fracturation and acicular to fibrous amphiboles transformation
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34

Pacella, Alessandro. "Cristallochimie et réactivité de surface d'amphiboles fibreuses d'intérêt environnemental et sanitaire." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00814192.

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Ce travail de thèse concerne la caractérisation physico-chimique et structurale de fibres minérales et la compréhension de mécanismes chimiques et moléculaires qui peuvent amorcer des pathologies spécifiques relatives à leur inhalation. En particulier, dans ce travail on s'est concentrés sur la fluoro-édénite, une amphibole naturelle d'origine volcanique découverte récemment à Biancavilla (Sicile), en comparaison avec d'autres fibres minérales, comme les trémolites et le chrysotile. La première partie de cette thèse concerne l'étude minéralogique, chimique et morphologique des fibres naturelles de fluoro-édénite préalablement purifiées. Ces informations ont été fondamentales pour la deuxième partie de cette étude, qui a concerné l'étude des propriétés toxicochimiques et la réactivité de surface de ce minéral. Cette approche a été enfin validée à travers des tests in vitro et in vivo de la toxicité de ces matériaux, en collaboration avec une équipe de médecins et biologistes.
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35

Carlsson, Diana. "Qualitative and quantitative petrography of meta-mafic rocks at Ölme, in the Eastern Segment of the Sveconorwegian orogen." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för geologiska vetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-122905.

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Meta-mafic intrusions with an intrusion age of 1.6-0.9 Ga are found along a north-south trend in theTransitional section of the Eastern Segment in Sweden. These intrusions are garnet-bearing and thus anexception to other meta-mafic intrusions found in Sweden. Meta-mafic intrusions that are garnet-bearingare usually found in the Caledonides to the northeast and in the south west of Sweden where the pressureshave been naturally high due to orogenic events or subduction.The study was conducted on these intrusions around the community of Ölme, to understand themetamorphic and metasomatic history of the area. The focus lies on the transition from magmaticgabbroic intrusions to metamorphosed metagabbros and highly foliated garnet-amphibolites. AveragePT estimates was calculated using THERMOCALC and classical geothermobarometry, so that acomparison between the qualitative and quantitative data could be made.The study indicates metamorphism at amphibolite to upper amphibolite facies conditionsfor the metagabbros and the garnet-amphibolites.Average PT-estimates for the garnet-amphibolites gives metamorphic peak temperatures of 680°-730° Cwith pressures of 9.0-11.0 kbar at the Träfors locality, and metamorphic peak temperatures of 660°-770° Cwith pressures of 9.5-11.0 kbar at the Skråkvik locality. These results are comparable to research donefurther to the south on similar intrusions, with temperatures of 700° C and pressures of 10 kbar.It is concluded that the meta-mafic intrusions at the Skråkvik locality have been metamorphosed in adry system, in contrast to the Träfors locality which seems to have been affected by more pervasiveretrograde metamorphism and fluid-rock interaction. It is also concluded that mafic intrusionscan preserve their magmatic textures even under high pressure conditions.
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Sears, Robert. "Kant's Leibniz-critique in the amphiboly chapter of the "Critique of Pure Reason"." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0016/NQ46543.pdf.

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SUZUKI, Kazuhiro, Setsuo YOGO, and Masahiro ITO. "Cambrian granulite to upper amphibolite facies metamorphism of post-797 Ma sediments in Madagascar." Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/2837.

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38

Eriksson-Novak, Catrin. "Metamorphic conditions at an amphibolite-granulite transition zone in Rogaland/Vest Agder, SW Norway /." Connect to resource, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/31769.

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39

Redner, Ellen R. "Magma Mixing and Evolution at Minna Bluff, Antarctica Revealed by Amphibole and Clinopyroxene Analyses." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1474028057097791.

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40

Taylor, Ashley David. "Structural mapping adjacent to the 'Woman-in-White amphibolite' in the Olary Domain, South Australia /." Title page, abstract and table of contents only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbt238.pdf.

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41

Dupont, Alain. "Pétrologie, géochimie et géochimie isotopique du massif de Farsund (Norvège) : implications pour le magmatisme AMCG." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CLF21523.

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Le massif post-collisionnel (930 Ma) de Farsund (Norvège) s'est mis en place après la phase principale de l'orogenèse svéconorvégienne (1. 03-0. 95 Ga) et occupe une position géographique intermédiaire entre les différents membres des suites AMC(Anorthosite-Mangérite-Charnockite) et HBG (granitoï͏̈des à hornblende et biotite). Ces suites auraient des sources différentes : anhydre, gabbronoritique et réduite (AMC) ; hydratée, (ultra)mafique et oxydante (HBG). Ce massif est constitué de deux groupes d'échantillons, PYRO et JOA, aux caractéristiques minéralogiques, géochimiques et isotopiques distinctes, qui appartiendraient, respectivement, aux suites AMC et HBG. Il résulte de la cristallisation fractionnée couplée à de la contamination crustale, de magmas monzodioritiques (JOA) et mangéritiques quartziques (PYRO) qui proviendraient du mélange en base de croûte inférieure entre des magmas gabbronoritiques (JOA) ou jotunitiques (PYRO) et des magmas crustaux isotopiquement distincts
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42

Wolf, Michael Bennett Wyllie Peter J. "Amphibolite-tonalite relationships : Part I. Experimental investigation of the phase relationships and textural development of amphibolite dehydration-melting. Part II. The geology, petrology and geochronology of a tonalitic and mafic dike swarm (southwestern foothills terrane, California) /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 1992. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-07072006-112717.

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43

Garlick, Sarah R. "Granulite- to amphibolite-facies metamorphism and penetrative deformation in a disrupted ophiolite, Kangaroo Mountain area, Klamath Mountains, California a deep view into the basement of an accreted, oceanic island arc /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1317326781&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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44

Le, Gleuher Maïté. "Altération hydrothermale des pyroxènes (serpentines, talc, amphiboles) influence du degré d'ouverture du système d'altération, apports de la microscopie électronique, haute résolution /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376072071.

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45

Le, Gleuher Maïté. "Altération hydrothermale des pyroxènes (serpentines, talc, amphiboles) : influence du degré d'ouverture du sytème d'altération, apports de la microscopie électronique haute résolution." Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX30113.

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Etude de la serpentinisation des orthopyroxenes de la pyroxenite des pernes, en france et de l'alteration en talc et en amphiboles des pyroxenes du gabbro de kolel, au burkina faso. Les observations sont realisees de l'echelle macroscopique a l'echelle de la maille cristalline a l'aide de la microscopie electronique en transmission a haute resolution. Toutes les etapes entre une transmission quasi-totale et le demantelement complet de la structure du mineral primaire peuvent etre envisagees en fonction du degre d'ouverture du systeme dans des conditions d'alteration de surface ou hydrothermale
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46

Ezzayani, Jamil. "Les roches basiques du Bas-Limousin (Massif Central français) : évolution métamorphique et implications géodynamiques de leurs protolithes." Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN10274.

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L'unité supérieure des gneiss représente la plus grande partie du Bas-Limousin. Elle se caractérise par la présence de nombreuses intercalations de roches basiques qui s'éparpillent dans un encaissant gneissique. Nous pouvons distinguer deux groupes d'intercalations. Le premier groupe comprend les roches à reliques magmatiques (méta-dolérites et méta-gabbros). Les reliques sont essentiellement de nature texturale et sont comparables à celles observées généralement dans les roches filoniennes (dykes et sills). Ces intercalations sont qualifiées d'autochtones car leur mise en place magmatique est syn-métamorphe. Le second groupe d'intercalations comprend les roches à paragenèse relique de métamorphisme de haute pression (anciennes éclogites). Ces intercalations sont qualifiées d'allochtones car leur mise en place est postérieure au métamorphisme de haute pression. La paragenèse pré-éclogitique est celle d'un faciès schiste vert ou amphibolite. Cela implique que la formation des éclogites s'est produite dans un domaine crustal sous l'effet d'un sous-charriage. L'ensemble des roches basiques présente un caractère chimique qui marque une évolution progressive de leur affinité magmatique. Cette dernière évolue de celle des roches tholéitiques transitionnelles à caractère continental vers celle des roches tholéitiques de type N-MORB à caractère océanique. Les caractères pétrographiques et géochimiques de ces roches, indiquent que leur mise en place s'est produite dans un environnement distensif purement continental. Cet environnement correspond à un domaine où se développe un rift.
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Jannot, Séverine. "Genèse et évolution des magmas primitifs de la chaine des Puys (Massif Central): une approche par l'étude des inclusions magmatiques." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00684061.

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Les basaltes émis dans la Chaîne des Puys, dernière manifestation volcanique du Massif Central, ne correspondent pas à des magmas primaires. Ces derniers ne pouvant pas être identifiés à partir des laves, une approche plus directe a été utilisée, à savoir l'étude des inclusions magmatiques piégées dans les olivines magnésiennes. Les compositions en éléments en traces de ces liquides primitifs inclus, de type basanite-basalte alcalin, seraient le résultat de différents degrés de fusion d'une source magmatique à amphibole résiduelle, c'est-à-dire au niveau du manteau lithosphérique métasomatisé. D'autre part, les liquides piégés dans les olivines d'enclaves mantelliques retrouvées dans un des volcans étudiés sont riches en silice et en alcalins. Ils représenteraient les premiers degrés de fusion d'une péridotite à 1 GPa; sans relation pétrogénique directe avec les liquides piégés dans les olivines magmatiques et les laves émises en surface.
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48

Deering, Chad D. "Spatial and temporal distribution of a rhyolite compositional continuum from wet-oxidizing to dry-reducing types governed by lower-middle crustal P-T-ƒO₂-ƒH₂O conditions in the Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geological Sciences, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2578.

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A continuum of rhyolite compositions has been observed throughout the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) over the past 550 kyr. reflecting changes in the ƒH2O, ƒO₂, and P-T conditions in a lower crustal 'hot-zone' (10-30 km) where these evolved melts are generated by crystal fractionation of successively intruded basaltic magmas. The rhyolite compositional continuum is bound by two distinct end-member types: R1 is characterized by hydrous minerals (hornblende ± biotite), low FeO*/MgO (calc-alkaline series), low MREE, Y, and Zr, and high Sr; and R2 is characterized by anhydrous minerals (orthopyroxene ± clinopyroxene), high FeO*/MgO (tholeiitic series), high MREE, Y, and Zr, and low Sr. Slab-derived aqueous fluid components (Ba, Cl) correlate well with oxygen fugacity, and other well defined characteristics of silicic magmas in the Taupo Volcanic Zone (TVZ) between a cold-wet-oxidizing magma type (R1: amphibole ± biotite; high Sr, low Zr and FeO*/MgO, depleted MREE) and a hot-dry-reducing magma type (R2: orthopyroxene ± clinopyroxene; low Sr, high Zr, and FeO*/MgO, less depleted MREE). Oxygen fugacity was obtained from analysis of Fe-Ti oxides and ranges between -0.039 to +2.054 log units (ΔQFM; where QFM = quartz + fayalite + magnetite buffer) and is positively correlated with the bulk-rock Ba/La ratio, indicating that slab-derived fluid is the oxidizing agent in the rhyolites. Chlorine contents in hornblende also correlate with the bulk-rock Ba/La ratio. Hence, high fluid-flux typically correlates with the R1 and low fluid-flux with R2 rhyolite magma types. A geochemical evolution and distribution can be tracked in time and space throughout the central region of the TVZ from 550 ka to present and has revealed two distinct magmatic cycles that vary in length. The first cycle included widespread R1 type magmatism across the central TVZ beginning ca. 550 ka and was directly associated with previously unreported dome-building and ignimbrite-forming volcanism, and led to a voluminous (>3000 km³) ignimbrite 'flare-up' between ca. 340 and 240 ka. These magmas also display the highest K₂O and Pb isotopic compositions compared to those erupted more recently, and is consistent with a peak in slab-derived sediment input. The second cycle began roughly 180 ka, erupting ca. 800 km³ of magma, and continues to the present. The duration, rate, and composition of melt production within these cycles appears to be governed by the flux of fluid/sediment released from the subducting slab, while the distribution of melts may be governed more by extension along the central rift axis. The Matahina Ignimbrite (~160 km³ rhyolite magma; 330 ka) was deposited during a caldera-forming eruption from the Okataina Volcanic Centre, TVZ. The outflow sheet is distributed primarily from the northeast to southeast and consists of a basal plinian fall member and three ash-flow members. Pumice clasts are separated into three groups defined by differences in bulk geochemistry and mineral contents: high CaO, MgO, Fe₂O₃T, TiO₂, and low Al₂O₃, +hornblende (A2), low CaO, MgO, Fe2O3T, TiO2, ±hornblende (A1), and a subset to A1, which has high-K, +biotite (B). Two types of crystal-rich mafic clasts were also deposited during the final stages of the eruption. The distinct A and B rhyolite magma types are petrogenetically related to corresponding type A and B andesitic magma by up to 50% crystal fractionation under varying ƒO₂-ƒH₂O conditions. Further variations in the low- to high-silica rhyolites can be accounted for by up to 25% crystal fractionation, again under distinct ƒO₂-ƒH₂O conditions. Reconstruction of the P-T-ƒO₂-ƒ’H₂O conditions of the andesite to rhyolite magmas are consistent with the existence of a compositional and thermal gradient prior to the eruption. Magma mingling/mixing between the basalt to andesite and main compositionally zoned rhyolitic magma occurred during caldera-collapse, modifying the least-evolved rhyolite at the bottom of the reservoir and effectively destroying the pre-eruptive gradients. A detailed examination of the diverse range of calcic-amphibole compositions from the ca. 330 ka Matahina eruption (ca. 160 km³ rhyolitic magma) of the Okataina Volcanic Complex, Taupo Volcanic Zone, including crystal-rich basalt to dacite pumice from post-collapse deposits, reveals several pre- and syn-eruption magmatic processes. (1) Amphibole phenocrysts in the basaltic-andesite and andesite crystallized at the highest pressures and temperatures (P: up to 0.6±0.06 GPa and T: up to 950°C), equivalent to mid-crustal depths (13-22 km). Inter- and intra-crystalline compositions range from Ti-magnesiohornblende → Ti-tschermakite → tschermakite → magnesiohornblende and some display gradual decreases in T from core to rim, both consistent with magma differentiation by cooling at depth. (2) The largest amphibole crystals from the basaltic-andesite to andesite display several core to rim increases in T (up to 70°C), indicating new hotter magma periodically fluxed the crystal mush. (3) The dominant population of amphibole (magnesiohornblende) from the rhyolite is small and bladed and crystallized at low P-T conditions (P: 0.3 GPa, T: 765°C), equivalent to the eruptive P-T conditions. Amphibole (tschermakite-magnesiohornblende) from the dacitic and low-silica rhyolitic pumice form two distinct populations, which nucleated at two different T (High: 820°C and Low: 750°C). These compositional variations, governed primarily by differences in T conditions during crystal growth, record the mixing of two distinct amphibole populations that approached a thermal equilibrium at the eruptive T. Therefore, the diversity in amphibole compositions can be reconciled as an exchange of crystals+liquid between the basaltic-andesite to dacite from the mid-crust and rhyolite from the upper-crust, which quenched against one another, modifying the dacite to low-silica rhyolite compositions as the eruption progressed.
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CHWAE, Ueechan, Izumi KAJIZUKA, Daniel J. DUNKLEY, and Kazuhiro SUZUKI. "A preliminary report on the geochemistry of amphibolites from the Chuncheon area in the Gyeonggi massif, Korea." Dept. of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/14731.

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Rushmer-Thompson, Tracy Ann. "The chemical and rheological behaviour of partially molten amphibolite rocks during partial melting under fluid-absent conditions /." Zürich, 1991. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=9461.

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