Academic literature on the topic 'Ammoniac (NH3)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Ammoniac (NH3)"
Nguyen, Lich Quang, Tu Cong Nguyen, Anh Tuan Ly, Thanh Phuc Tran, Pho Quoc Phan, and Lam Huu Nguyen. "INVESTIGATION OF SENSITIVITY AND SELECTIVITY OF MWCNT–BASED SENSOR FOR AMMONIAC GAS DETECTION AT ROOM TEMPERATURE." Science and Technology Development Journal 15, no. 2 (June 30, 2012): 62–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v15i2.1791.
Full textKherris, Sahraoui, Djallel Zebbar, Mohamed Makhlouf, Souhila Zebbar, and Kouider Mostefa. "Etude et analyse d’une machine frigorifique à absorption-diffusion solaire NH3-H2O-H2." Journal of Renewable Energies 15, no. 3 (October 23, 2023): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.54966/jreen.v15i3.328.
Full textNguyen, Thanh Phong, Joachim Clemens, and Carsten Cuhls. "The effects of biofilter on the removal of greenhouse gases at anaerobic digestion plants." Journal of Vietnamese Environment 6, no. 1 (November 5, 2014): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.13141/jve.vol6.no1.pp65-68.
Full textCaner, Tolga, Solange Abdulnour-Nakhoul, Karen Brown, M. Toriqul Islam, L. Lee Hamm, and Nazih L. Nakhoul. "Mechanisms of ammonia and ammonium transport by rhesus-associated glycoproteins." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 309, no. 11 (December 1, 2015): C747—C758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00085.2015.
Full textRosso, L., and M. E. Tuckerman. "Solid-state proton conduction: An ab initio molecular dynamics investigation of ammonium perchlorate doped with neutral ammonia." Pure and Applied Chemistry 76, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200476010049.
Full textRoßmeier, Thomas, and Nikolaus Korber. "Erstmalige Charakterisierung der Ammoniak-Proton-Komplexe [(NH3)3H]+ und [(NH3)4H]+ in den Kristallstrukturen von (NH4)3AsS4 · 5 NH3 und (NH4)3SbS4 · 8 NH3 / First Characterization of the Ammonia-Proton-Complexes [(NH3)3H]+ and [(NH3)4H]+ in the Crystal Structures of (NH4)3AsS4 · 5 NH3 and (NH4)3SbS4 · 8 NH3." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 58, no. 7 (July 1, 2003): 672–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2003-0711.
Full textSingh, S., and U. C. Kulshrestha. "Abundance and distribution of gaseous ammonia and particulate ammonium at Delhi (India)." Biogeosciences Discussions 9, no. 1 (January 5, 2012): 191–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-9-191-2012.
Full textSingh, S., and U. C. Kulshrestha. "Abundance and distribution of gaseous ammonia and particulate ammonium at Delhi, India." Biogeosciences 9, no. 12 (December 7, 2012): 5023–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-5023-2012.
Full textFlessner, M. F., R. Mejia, and M. A. Knepper. "Ammonium and bicarbonate transport in isolated perfused rodent long-loop thin descending limbs." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 264, no. 3 (March 1, 1993): F388—F396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1993.264.3.f388.
Full textKriška, Tomáš, Petr Škarpa, and Jiří Antošovský. "Effect of Natural Liquid Hydroabsorbents on Ammonia Emission from Liquid Nitrogen Fertilizers and Plant Growth of Maize (Zea Mays L.) under Drought Conditions." Plants 12, no. 4 (February 7, 2023): 728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12040728.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Ammoniac (NH3)"
Aroui, Hassen. "Transferts rotationnels induits par collisions dans les systèmes NH3-H2 et NH3-He." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112214.
Full textWe have studied rotational transfer induced by inelastic collision in NH₃perturbed by Hz and He. Their systems have astrophysical and fundamental interests. We have undertaken this study by using two methods: 1) Absorption line-profiles in the infrared. 2) Time resolved infrared-infrared double resonance. The first one allowed to determine pressure broadening (PB) cross sections and intradoublet cross relaxation (CR) cross sections caused by molecular inversion. These last ones are very sensitive to the detail of intermolecular potential. These measurements were done as a function of the rotational quantum number j and the temperature in both range of the v₄ band and of the vibrational ground state. Because of the difference between results obtained in the v₄ band and in the microwave, and in order to obtain a better comparison between measurements and calculations, we have studied the absorption line-profiles in the vibrational ground state. The main results lead to the following conclusions: - PB cross section increases with the vibrational quantum number the NH₃ - He one. - PB cross section for NH₃- H₂ para system are larger than the NH₃ - He one. - It is necessary to take the rotational excitation of H₂ into account. - Good agreement has been obtained between calculated (using a semi-classical method) and measurements for NH₃ - H₂ system. The only remaining discrepancy between theory and experience is then intradoublet CR cross section for the NH₃ - He system; we think that this could be caused by inaccuracies in the NH₃ - He potential. The second method, which is a very sensitive mean to study rotational transfer induced by inelastic collision, consist of pumping the v₂ band of NH₃ with an infrared pulse TEHP C0₂ laser in order to create a non-equilibrium population in specific rotational quantum state. This state as well as others subsequently populated by collision induced transition is monitored by diode laser tuned on the v₄ band. This study permit to determine the inelastic cross-section for every level and the collisional selection rules
Sagui, Kenneth. "Représentation analytique globale de la surface de potentiel de la molécule NH3 dans son état électronique fondamental." Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MARN0315.
Full textCaville, Sylvain. "Spectroscopie embarquée pour la distribution verticale d'ammoniac (NH3) et de dioxyde de carbone (CO2)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS008.
Full textAmmonia (NH3) is an atmospheric pollutant, emitted at 80 % by agriculture, which contributes to the eutrophication and acidification of natural environments. It is also a precursor of fine particles (PM2.5) that are harmful to human health. Despite this major scientific and societal role, our knowledge about atmospheric ammonia is still very limited. Measuring the vertical profile of NH3 is one of the keys to improving this knowledge. For this reason, the main objective of this thesis is to develop an ammonia measurement instrument that can be embedded in a tethered balloon to measure these vertical profiles. To begin, a state of the art of NH3 measurement was carried out through the data analysis of the AMICA campaign (Multi-Instrumental Analysis of Ammonia Concentrations) in autumn 2021. It highlighted the need to design an instrument without a sampling system to avoid bias due to NH3 adsorption. To assess the infrared spectroscopy techniques (DAS and WMS) intended for NH3 detection, a first instrument aimed at atmospheric CO2 measurements (main anthropogenic greenhouse gas) was developed and used to carry out vertical profiles. As NH3 is much more difficult to detect than CO2 , a long-path optical cell was designed to improve the instrument’s sensitivity. On a more general level, the tools developed and implemented during this thesis can be applied to the measurement of all the atmospheric species of interest, and in particular those that exist in trace quantities
Maaroufi, Nourhene. "Détermination des paramètres spectroscopiques des bandes v1 et v3 de NH3 par spectroscopie infrarouge." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCC099.
Full textThe aim of this work was to determine the parameters of the absorption lines of the ammonia molecule for atmospheric applications. In this regard, we measured, at room temperature, the intensities, the broadening and the shift coefficients of the lines of the bands v1, v3, 2v4, and 4v2 in the spectral region 3050-3600 cm-1 of self-disturbed NH3. These measurements were carried out in a large number of branches of these bands with very high precision using a high resolution Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (0.008 cm-1).These spectroscopic parameters were determined using a multi-pressure fitting technique using two different profiles: a Voigt profile and a Rosenkranz profile.The manuscript consists of five parts. The first part concerns the spectroscopic properties of ammonia. The second part is dedicated to the apparatus, with the description of the Bruker IFS125HR IRTF spectrometer. In the third part, we expose the results of the line intensities and self-broadenings of isolated lines, which are extracted from the recorded spectra, bands v1, v3, 2v4 and 4v2 of NH3. The fourth part presents the results obtained on line shifts and the interference effects between the components of the doublets of the v1 and v3 bands of NH3.To interpret the results of the line width measurements of the self-disturbed NH3 collisional system, we will present in chapter 5 the formalism adopted for the calculation of these widths. A comparison between the calculated and measured widths makes it possible to test the validity of the formalism used
Peyrovi, Parnian. "Improved resistance to deactivation of coupled NH3-SCR/ DPF catalyst for diesel exhaust emissions control." Thesis, Lille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R041.
Full textDiesel engines have been extensively implemented because they emit lesser CO2 than gasoline engine of equivalent power, since they work in lean condition, i.e. in excess of oxygen. Recently, Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalysts coated on Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) have been introduced for automotive applications due to capability of reducing NOx and PM simultaneously. However, such implementation requires improved thermal resistance of the SCR catalyst due to the exotherms related to the periodic regeneration of DPF. The point of this manuscript is to propose a catalyst active in NOx reduction by NH3 after aging at high temperature. The first part of this manuscript details the modifications of CeV0.95W0.05O4 catalyst by adding of rare earths elements (Pr3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, and Er3+). The most promising catalyst obtained by the partial substitution of cerium by rare earths was finally Ce0.5Er0.5V0.95W0.05O4 catalyst. A partial substitution of the cerium by the erbium allows obtaining an increase of the activity after an aging at 600°C and 850°C attributed to the ability of erbium to promote thermal stability of the vanadium-containing catalysts. This behaviour might be also correlated with the characteristics of Er3+_O_V5+ bond and to their ability to alter the characteristics of the V_O bond and the acid/base surface properties. Ce0.5Er0.5V0.95W0.05O4 catalyst, an optimized formulation, is able to get a NOx conversion superior to 80% between 250 and 400°C in Fast-SCR condition after an aging at 850°C
Peyrovi, Parnian. "Improved resistance to deactivation of coupled NH3-SCR/ DPF catalyst for diesel exhaust emissions control." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LILUR041.
Full textDiesel engines have been extensively implemented because they emit lesser CO2 than gasoline engine of equivalent power, since they work in lean condition, i.e. in excess of oxygen. Recently, Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalysts coated on Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF) have been introduced for automotive applications due to capability of reducing NOx and PM simultaneously. However, such implementation requires improved thermal resistance of the SCR catalyst due to the exotherms related to the periodic regeneration of DPF. The point of this manuscript is to propose a catalyst active in NOx reduction by NH3 after aging at high temperature. The first part of this manuscript details the modifications of CeV0.95W0.05O4 catalyst by adding of rare earths elements (Pr3+, Gd3+, Tb3+, and Er3+). The most promising catalyst obtained by the partial substitution of cerium by rare earths was finally Ce0.5Er0.5V0.95W0.05O4 catalyst. A partial substitution of the cerium by the erbium allows obtaining an increase of the activity after an aging at 600°C and 850°C attributed to the ability of erbium to promote thermal stability of the vanadium-containing catalysts. This behaviour might be also correlated with the characteristics of Er3+_O_V5+ bond and to their ability to alter the characteristics of the V_O bond and the acid/base surface properties. Ce0.5Er0.5V0.95W0.05O4 catalyst, an optimized formulation, is able to get a NOx conversion superior to 80% between 250 and 400°C in Fast-SCR condition after an aging at 850°C
Boumaraf, Latra. "Etude des réactions chimiques dans les ammoniacates solides : application du système BaCl2/NH3 à la réfrigération solaire." Grenoble INPG, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPG0026.
Full textMehsein, Kawsar. "Degradation mechanisms study of NOx after-treatment SCR system using urea on a Diesel Particulate Filter catalyst." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENCM0012.
Full textThe selective catalytic reduction (SCR) by urea or ammonia is a well-known method to meet the European emission regulation requirements concerning the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from Diesel engines. In order to optimize the NOx reduction activity at all temperature range, a copper-exchanged zeolite (Cu-Zeolite) SCR catalyst is combined to a Diesel Particulate Filter (SCRF). However, during the continuous regeneration of the particulate filter, the SCRF catalyst will go through numerous constraints such as variable high temperature, poisoning compounds from Diesel fuel and engine oil, during the entire vehicle life of the after-treatment line. Moreover, the European legislation requires a durability of the after-treatment line for about 160,000km. Understanding the degradation of the SCRF catalyst by the hydrothermal ageing is of interest to apprehend the deactivation mechanism in order to develop a stable material. In the present work, accelerated hydrothermal ageing in laboratory oven and also a real driving ageing of an SCRF catalyst, included in an after-treatment line for about 120,000km, were performed. The different results obtained help to apprehend the degradation mechanism of a Cu-Zeolite SCRF catalyst performance and also to find a correlation between a 120,000km real driving ageing and an equivalence oven aged SCRF catalysts. Moreover, rapid characterization methods, to detect the hydrothermal ageing status of an SCRF catalyst, have been selected. Finally, a mathematical model, based on experimental results, has allowed to describe the degradation of the ammonia storage capacity of the SCRF catalyst with the hydrothermal ageing
Van, Damme Martin. "Assessment of global atmospheric ammonia using IASI infrared satellite observations." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209085.
Full textThe natural nitrogen cycle has been and is significantly perturbed by anthropogenic emissions of reactive nitrogen (Nr) compounds into the atmosphere, resulting from our production of energy and food. In the last century global ammonia (NH3) emissions have doubled and represent nowadays more than half of total the Nr emissions. NH3 is also the principal atmospheric base in the atmosphere and rapidly forms aerosols by reaction with acids. It is therefore a species of high relevance for the Earth's environment, climate and human health (Chapter 1). As a short-lived species, NH3 is highly variable in time and space, and while ground based measurements are possible, they are sparse and their spatial coverage is largely heterogeneous. Consequently, global spatial and temporal patterns of NH3 emissions are poorly understood and account for the largest uncertainties in the nitrogen cycle. The aim of this work is to assess distributions and saptiotemporal variability of NH3 using satellite measurements to improve our understanding of its contribution to the global nitrogen cycle and its related effects.
Recently, satellite instruments have demonstrated their abilities to measure NH3 and to supplement the sparse surface measuring network by providing global total columns daily. The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI), on board MetOp platforms, is measuring NH3 at a high spatiotemporal resolution. IASI circles the Earth in a polar Sun-synchronous orbit, covering the globe twice a day with a circular pixel size of 12km diameter at nadir and with overpass times at 9:30 and 21:30 (local solar time when crossing the equator). An improved retrieval scheme based on the calculation of Hyperspectral Range Index (HRI) is detailed in Chapter 2 and compared with previous retrieval methods. This approach fully exploits the hyperspectral nature of IASI by using a broader spectral range (800-1200 cm-1) where NH3 is optically active. It allows retrieving total columns from IASI spectra globally and twice a day without large computational resources and with an improved detection limit. More specifically the retrieval procedure involves two steps: the calculation of a dimensionless spectral index (HRI) and the conversion of this index into NH3 total columns using look-up tables (LUTs) built from forward radiative transfer simulations under various atmospheric conditions. The retrieval also includes an error characterization of the retrieved column, which is of utmost importance for further analysis and comparisons. Global distributions using five years of data (1 November 2007 to 31 October 2012) from IASI/MetOp-A are presented and analyzed separately for the morning and evening overpasses. The advantage of the HRI-based retrieval scheme over other methods, in particular to identify smaller emission sources and transport patterns over the oceans is shown. The benefit of the high spatial sampling and resolution of IASI is highlighted with the regional distribution over China and the first four-year time series are briefly discussed.
We evaluate four years (1 January 2008 to 31 December 2011) of IASI-NH3 columns from the morning observations and of LOTOS-EUROS model simulations over Europe and Western Russia. We describe the methodology applied to account for the variable retrieval sensitivity of IASI measurements in Chapter 3. The four year mean distributions highlight three main agricultural hotspots in Europe: The Po Valley, the continental part of Northwestern Europe, and the Ebro Valley. A general good agreement between IASI and LOTOS-EUROS is shown, not only over source regions but also over remote areas and over seas when transport is observed. The yearly analyses reveal that, on average, the measured NH3 columns are higher than the modeled ones. Large discrepancies are observed over industrial areas in Eastern Europe and Russia pointing to underestimated if not missing emissions in the underlying inventories. For the three hotspots areas, we show that the seasonality between IASI and LOTOS-EUROS matches when the sensitivity of the satellite measurements is taken into account. The best agreement is found in the Netherlands, both in magnitude and timing, most likely as the fixed emission timing pattern was determined from experimental data sets from this country. Moreover, comparisons of the daily time series indicate that although the dynamic of the model is in reasonable agreement with the measurements, the model may suffer from a possible misrepresentation of emission timing and magnitude. Overall, the distinct temporal patterns observed for the three sites underline the need for improved timing of emissions. Finally, the study of the Russian fires event of 2010 shows that NH3 modeled plumes are not enough dispersed, which is confirmed with a comparison using in situ measurements.
Chapter 4 describes the comparisons of IASI-NH3 measurements with several independent ground-based and airborne data sets. Even though the in situ data are sparse, we show that the yearly distributions are broadly consistent. For the monthly analyzes we use ground-based measurements in Europe, China and Africa. Overall, IASI-derived concentrations are in fair agreement but are also characterized by less variability. Statistically significant correlations are found for several sites, but low slopes and high intercepts are calculated in all cases. At least three reasons can explain this: (1) the lack of representativity of the point surface measurement for the large IASI pixel, (2) the use of a single profile shape in the retrieval scheme over land, which does therefore not account for a varying boundary layer height, (3) the impact of the averaging procedure applied to satellite measurements to obtain a consistent quantity to compare with the in situ monthly data. The use of hourly surface measurements and of airborne data sets allows assessing IASI individual observations. Much higher correlation coefficients are found in particular when comparing IASI-derived volume mixing ratio with vertically resolved measurements performed from the NOAA WP-3D airplane during CalNex campaign in 2010. The results demonstrate the need, for validation of the satellite columns, of measurements performed at various altitudes and covering a large part of the satellite footprint.
The six-year of IASI observations available at the end of this thesis are used to analyze regional time series for the first time (Chapter 5). More precisely, we use the IASI measurements over that period (1 January 2008 to 31 December 2013) to identify seasonal patterns and inter-annual variability at subcontinental scale. This is achieved by looking at global composite seasonal means and monthly time series over 12 regions around the world (Europe, Eastern Russia and Northern Asia, Australia, Mexico, South America, 2 sub-regions for Northern America and South Asia, 3 sub-regions for Africa), considering separately but simultaneously measurements from IASI morning and evening overpasses. The seasonal cycle is inferred for the majority of these regions. The relations between the NH3 atmospheric abundance and emission processes is emphasized at smaller regional scale by extracting at high spatial resolution the global climatology of the month of maxima columns. In some region, the predominance of a single source appears clearly (e.g. agriculture in Europe and North America, fires in central South Africa and South America), while in others a composite of source processes on small scale is demonstrated (e.g. Northern Central Africa and Southwestern Asia).
Chapter 6 presents the achievements of this thesis, as well as ongoing activities and future perspectives.
FRANCAIS:
Le cycle naturel de l'azote est fortement perturbé suite aux émissions atmosphériques de composés azotés réactifs (Nr) résultant de nos besoins accrus en énergie et en nourriture. Les émissions d'ammoniac (NH3) ont doublé au cours du siècle dernier, représentant aujourd'hui plus de la moitié des émissions totales de Nr. De plus, le NH3 étant le principal composé basique de notre atmosphère, il réagit rapidement avec les composés acides pour former des aérosols. C'est dès lors un constituant prépondérant pour l'environnement, le climat et la santé publique. Les problématiques environnementales y étant liées sont décrites au Chapitre 1. En tant que gaz en trace le NH3 se caractérise par une importante variabilité spatiale et temporelle. Bien que des mesures in situ soient possibles, elles sont souvent rares et couvrent le globe de façon hétérogène. Il en résulte un manque de connaissance sur l'évolution temporelle et la variabilité spatiale des émissions, ainsi que de leurs amplitudes, qui représentent les plus grandes incertitudes pour le cycle de l'azote (également décrites au Chapitre 1).
Récemment, les sondeurs spatiaux opérant dans l'infrarouge ont démontré leurs capacités à mesurer le NH3 et par là à compléter le réseau d'observations de surface. Particulièrement, l'Interféromètre Atmosphérique de Sondage Infrarouge (IASI), à bord de la plateforme MetOp, mesure le NH3 à une relativement haute résolution spatiotemporelle. Il couvre le globe deux fois par jour, grâce à son orbite polaire et son balayage autour du nadir, avec un temps de passage à 9h30 et à 21h30 (temps solaire local quand il croise l'équateur). Une nouvelle méthode de restitution des concentrations basée sur le calcul d'un index hyperspectral sans dimension (HRI) est détaillée et comparée aux méthodes précédentes au Chapitre 2. Cette méthode permet d'exploiter de manière plus approfondie le caractère hyperspectral de IASI en se basant sur une bande spectrale plus étendue (800-1200 cm-1) au sein de laquelle le NH3 est optiquement actif. Nous décrivons comment restituer ces concentrations deux fois par jour sans nécessiter de grandes ressources informatiques et avec un meilleur seuil de détection. Plus spécifiquement, la procédure de restitution des concentrations consiste en deux étapes: le HRI est calculé dans un premier temps pour chaque spectre puis est ensuite converti en une colonne totale de NH3 à l'aide de tables de conversions. Ces tables ont été construites sur base de simulations de transfert radiatif effectuées pour différentes conditions atmosphériques. Le processus de restitution des concentrations comprend également le calcul d'une erreur sur la colonne mesurée. Des distributions globales moyennées sur cinq ans (du 1 novembre 2007 au 31 Octobre 2012) sont présentées et analysées séparément pour le passage diurne et nocturne de IASI. L'avantage de ce nouvel algorithme par rapport aux autres méthodes, permettant l'identification de sources plus faibles de NH3 ainsi que du transport depuis les sources terrestres au-dessus des océans, est démontré. Le bénéfice de la haute couverture spatiale et temporelle de IASI est mis en exergue par une description régionale au-dessus de la Chine ainsi que par l'analyse de premières séries temporelles hémisphériques sur quatre ans.
Au Chapitre 3, nous évaluons quatre ans (du 1 janvier 2008 au 31 décembre 2011) de mesures matinales de IASI ainsi que de simulations du modèle LOTOS-EUROS, effectuées au-dessus de l'Europe et de l'ouest de la Russie. Nous décrivons une méthodologie pour prendre en compte, dans la comparaison avec le modèle, la sensibilité variable de l'instrument IASI pour le NH3. Les comparaisons montrent alors une bonne concordance générale entre les mesures et les simulations. Les distributions pointent trois régions sources: la vallée du Pô, le nord-ouest de l'Europe continentale et la vallée de l'Ebre. L'analyse des distributions annuelles montre qu'en moyenne, les colonnes de NH3 mesurées sont plus élevées que celles simulées, à part pour quelques cas spécifiques. Des différences importantes ont été identifiées au-dessus de zones industrielles en Europe de l'est et en Russie, ce qui tend à incriminer une sub-estimation voire une absence de ces sources dans les inventaires d'émissions utilisés en entrée du modèle. Nous avons également montré que la saisonnalité est bien reproduite une fois la sensibilité des mesures satellites prise en compte. La meilleure concordance entre le modèle et IASI est observée pour les Pays-Bas, ce qui est certainement dû au fait que le profil temporel des émissions utilisé pour les simulations LOTOS-EUROS est basé sur des études expérimentales réalisées dans ce pays. L'étude des séries temporelles journalières indique que la dynamique du modèle est raisonnablement en accord avec les mesures mais pointe néanmoins une possible mauvaise représentation du profil temporel ainsi que de l'ampleur des émissions. Finalement, l'étude des importants feux ayant eu cours en Russie à l'été 2010 a montré que les panaches modélisés sont moins étendus que ceux observés, ce qui a été confirmé grâce à une comparaison avec des mesures sols.
Le chapitre 4 est dédié à la confrontation des mesures IASI avec différents jeux de données indépendants acquis depuis le sol et par avion. Les distributions globales annuelles sont concordantes, bien que la couverture spatiale des mesures sols soit limitée. Des mesures effectuées à la surface en Europe, en Chine et en Afrique sont utilisées pour les comparaisons mensuelles. Ces dernières révèlent une bonne concordance générale, bien que les mesures satellites montrent une plus faible amplitude de variations de concentrations. Des corrélations statistiquement significatives ont été calculées pour de nombreux sites, mais les régressions linéaires sont caractérisées par des pentes faibles et des ordonnées à l'origine élevées dans tous les cas. Au minimum, trois raisons contribuent à expliquer cela: (1) le manque de représentativité des mesures ponctuelles pour l'étendue des pixels IASI, (2) l'utilisation d'une seule forme de profil vertical pour la restitution des concentrations, qui ne prend dès lors pas en compte la hauteur de la couche limite, (3) l'impact de la procédure utilisée pour moyenner les observations satellites afin d'obtenir des quantités comparables aux mesures sols mensuelles. La prise en compte de mesures en surface effectuées à plus haute résolution temporelle ainsi que de mesures faites depuis un avion permet d'évaluer les observations IASI individuelles. Les coefficients de corrélation calculés sont bien plus élevés, en particulier pour la comparaison avec les mesures effectuées depuis l'avion NOAA WP-3D pendant la campagne CalNex en 2010. Ces résultats démontrent la nécessité de ce type d'observations, effectuées à différentes altitudes et couvrant une plus grande surface du pixel, pour valider les colonnes IASI-NH3.
Les six ans de données IASI disponibles à la fin de cette thèse sont utilisées pour tracer les premières séries temporelles sub-continentales (Chapitre 5). Plus spécifiquement, nous explorons les mesures IASI durant cette période (du 1 janvier 2008 jusqu'au 31 décembre 2013) pour identifier des structures saisonnières ainsi que la variabilité inter-annuelle à l'échelle sous-continentale. Pour arriver à cela, des moyennes saisonnières composites ont été produites ainsi que des séries temporelles mensuelles au-dessus de 12 régions du globe (Europe, est de la Russie et nord de l'Asie, Australie, Mexique, Amérique du Sud, 2 sous-régions en Amérique du nord et en Asie du sud et 3 sous-régions en Afrique), considérant séparément mais simultanément les mesures matinales et nocturnes de IASI. Le cycle saisonnier est raisonnablement bien décrit pour la plupart des régions. La relation entre la quantité de NH3 atmosphérique et ses sources d'émission est mise en exergue à l'échelle plus régionale par l'extraction à haute résolution spatiale d'une climatologie des mois de colonnes maximales. Dans certaines régions, la prédominance d'un processus source apparait clairement (par exemple l'agriculture en Europe et en Amérique du nord, les feux en Afrique du Sud et en Amérique du Sud), alors que, pour d'autres, la diversité des sources d'émissions est démontrée (par exemple pour le nord de l'Afrique centrale et l'Asie du sud-ouest).
Le Chapitre 6 reprend brièvement les principaux aboutissements de cette thèse et présente les différentes recherches en cours et les perspectives associées.
Doctorat en Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Yulipriyanto, Hiéronymus. "Emission d'effluents gazeux lors du compostage de substrats organiques en relation avec l'activité microbiologique (nitrification/dénitrification)." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00654701.
Full textBooks on the topic "Ammoniac (NH3)"
Canada, Canada Environnement, École polytechnique (Montréal Québec), Hydromantis Inc, and AXOR Experts-Conseils Inc, eds. NH3 procédés de traitement pour l'enlèvement de ammoniac des eaux usées municipales. [Ottawa]: Environnement Canada, 2003.
Find full textMonserrat, K. J. Photochemical decomposition of H2O and NH3 using colloidal semiconductor catalysts as a method of tritium recovery from water. Mississauga: CFFTP, 1985.
Find full textVickar, Malcolm H. Me, Ivan E. Miles, H. H. Tucker, and W. P. Martin. NH3 Agricultural Anhydrous Ammonia Technology and Use. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2015.
Find full textRalston, Wilson P. Electron-Gated Ion Channels: With Amplification by NH3 Inversion Resonance. Institution of Engineering & Technology, 2013.
Find full textRalston, Wilson P. Electron-Gated Ion Channels: With Amplification by NH3 Inversion Resonance. SciTech Publishing, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Ammoniac (NH3)"
Irvine, William M. "Ammonium (NH3D+)." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 108. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65093-6_5117.
Full textDziva, Godknows, and Liang Zeng. "Process Simulation of Green Ammonia Production Via Sorption-Enhanced Gasification of Biomass." In Proceedings of the 10th Hydrogen Technology Convention, Volume 1, 83–89. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8631-6_9.
Full textScott, Peter J. H. "Synthesis of [13N]Ammonia ([13N]NH3)." In Radiochemical Syntheses, 313–20. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118140345.ch31.
Full textRoopa, J., S. G. Divakara, S. Lakshmi Prasad, A. M. Lakshmikanth, Rajath B. Das, K. S. Geetha, and B. S. Satyanarayana. "Wireless Monitoring of NH3 (Ammonia) Using WO3 Thin Film Sensor." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 373–81. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3226-4_38.
Full textLeclercq, F., P. Damay, A. J. Dianoux, and W. Press. "Quantum Rotation of Ammonia Molecules in Disordered Ca(NH3)6." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 103–6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71914-1_19.
Full textLeick, B., and C. Engels. "Emission von Ammoniak (NH3) und Distickstoffoxid (N2O) Nach Ausbringung von Flüssigmist." In Pflanzenernährung, Wurzelleistung und Exsudation, 29–36. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-01125-5_3.
Full textAncheng, Luo, Xu Jianming, and Yang Xiaoe. "Effect of nitrogen (NH4 NO3) supply on absorption of ammonium and nitrate by conventional and hybrid rice during reproductive growth." In Plant Nutrition — from Genetic Engineering to Field Practice, 537–40. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1880-4_115.
Full textSolin, S. A. "X-ray and Neutron Scattering Studies of Graphite Intercalated with Two-Dimensional K-NH3 Metal-Ammonia Solutions." In Disordered Semiconductors, 115–24. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1841-5_15.
Full textKawakita, Hideyo, Jun-Ichi Watanabe, Tetsuharu Fuse, Reiko Furusho, and Shinsuke Abe. "Spin Temperature of Ammonia Determined from NH2 in Comet C/2001 A2 (LINEAR)." In Cometary Science after Hale-Bopp, 371–79. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1088-6_37.
Full textHervéa, Gilbert, Andre Téazéa, Jingfu Liu, and Michael T. Pope. "Ammonium Sodium Henicosatungstonona-Antimonate(III), (NH4 )18 [NaSb9 W21 O86 ]·24H2 O." In Inorganic Syntheses, 120–22. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470132586.ch22.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Ammoniac (NH3)"
Ou, Juan, Ruomiao Yang, Yuchao Yan, Zhentao Liu, and Jinlong Liu. "Investigation of the Effect of Ammonia Addition on the Two-Stage Ignition Process of Dimethyl Ether Based on Chemical Kinetic Analysis." In ASME 2023 ICE Forward Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2023-110108.
Full textHawley, James G., Diane D. Powell, and David E. Cooper. "Absorption Coefficient of Ammonia for Laser Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Trace Quantities." In Optical Remote Sensing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ors.1985.wc28.
Full textGao, Rongze, Haojia Sun, Limin Wang, Yufan Bu, Chao Wang, and Defu Che. "Experimental Investigation of Ammonia and Sulfur Deposition Characteristics in Rotary Air Preheater." In ASME 2021 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2021-65660.
Full textMihara, Morihiro, Toshiyuki Nakazawa, Norikazu Yamada, and Gento Kamei. "Effects of Nitrate on Nuclide Solubility for Co-Location Disposal of TRU Waste and HLW." In ASME 2010 13th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2010-40040.
Full textNiki, Yoichi, Koichi Hirata, Kazuyuki Kobayashi, and Yuki Shimizu. "Effects of Hydrogen on Combustion in Ammonia–Diesel Dual Fuel Engine and Demonstration of Autothermal Catalyst to Reform Ammonia Into Hydrogen." In ASME 2023 ICE Forward Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2023-109103.
Full textNiki, Yoichi, Yoshifuru Nitta, Hidenori Sekiguchi, and Koichi Hirata. "Emission and Combustion Characteristics of Diesel Engine Fumigated With Ammonia." In ASME 2018 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2018-9634.
Full textMałdzinski, Leszek, and Mark K. Hemsath. "Reducing Ammonia Consumption and Emissions Using Zeroflow Gas Nitriding." In HT 2015. ASM International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ht2015p0223.
Full textYovino, Louis, Gihun Kim, Ramees K. Rahman, Michael Pierro, Subith S. Vasu, Mark Winquist, Ganesan Subbaraman, and Robert Steele. "Flame Speed Measurements of Ammonia-Hydrogen Mixtures for Gas-Turbines." In ASME Turbo Expo 2023: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2023-100998.
Full textShih, Hsin-Yi, Sz-Pei Ho, and Cheng Cheng. "Combustion Analysis of a Can Combustor With CH4/NH3 Blended Fuels for a Micro Gas Turbine." In ASME Turbo Expo 2023: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2023-102359.
Full textZamfirescu, Calin, and Ibrahim Dincer. "Ammonia as a Green Fuel for Transportation." In ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54328.
Full textReports on the topic "Ammoniac (NH3)"
Kalman, Joseph, and Maryam Haddad. Wastewater-derived Ammonia for a Green Transportation Fuel. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2041.
Full textKalman, Joseph, and Maryam Haddad. Wastewater-derived Ammonia for a Green Transportation Fuel. Mineta Transportation Institute, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2041.
Full textChepeliev, Maksym. Development of the Air Pollution Database for the GTAP 10A Data Base. GTAP Research Memoranda, June 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.rm33.
Full textVan Rijn, Jaap, Harold Schreier, and Yossi Tal. Anaerobic ammonia oxidation as a novel approach for water treatment in marine and freshwater aquaculture recirculating systems. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7696511.bard.
Full textLahav, Ori, Albert Heber, and David Broday. Elimination of emissions of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide from confined animal and feeding operations (CAFO) using an adsorption/liquid-redox process with biological regeneration. United States Department of Agriculture, March 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695589.bard.
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