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Journal articles on the topic 'Amino acids Design'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Standaert, Robert F., and Seung Bum Park. "Abc Amino Acids: Design, Synthesis, and Properties of New Photoelastic Amino Acids." Journal of Organic Chemistry 71, no. 21 (October 2006): 7952–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo060763q.

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2

Bilgiçer, Basar, and Krishna Kumar. "Protein Design Using Unnatural Amino Acids." Journal of Chemical Education 80, no. 11 (November 2003): 1275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed080p1275.

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3

Swainston, Neil, Andrew Currin, Lucy Green, Rainer Breitling, Philip J. Day, and Douglas B. Kell. "CodonGenie: optimised ambiguous codon design tools." PeerJ Computer Science 3 (July 10, 2017): e120. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.120.

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CodonGenie, freely available from http://codon.synbiochem.co.uk, is a simple web application for designing ambiguous codons to support protein mutagenesis applications. Ambiguous codons are derived from specific heterogeneous nucleotide mixtures, which create sequence degeneracy when synthesised in a DNA library. In directed evolution studies, such codons are carefully selected to encode multiple amino acids. For example, the codon NTN, where the code N denotes a mixture of all four nucleotides, will encode a mixture of phenylalanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine and valine. Given a user-defined target collection of amino acids matched to an intended host organism, CodonGenie designs and analyses all ambiguous codons that encode the required amino acids. The codons are ranked according to their efficiency in encoding the required amino acids while minimising the inclusion of additional amino acids and stop codons. Organism-specific codon usage is also considered.

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4

Aravinda, S., N. Shamala, Rituparna S. Roy, and P. Balaram. "Non-protein amino acids in peptide design." Journal of Chemical Sciences 115, no. 5-6 (October 2003): 373–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02708230.

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5

Yoder, Nicholas C., and Krishna Kumar. "Fluorinated amino acids in protein design and engineering." Chemical Society Reviews 31, no. 6 (September 13, 2002): 335–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b201097f.

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6

Lane, Jonathan W., and Randall L. Halcomb. "New design concepts for constraining glycosylated amino acids." Tetrahedron 57, no. 30 (July 2001): 6531–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4020(01)00545-2.

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7

Connor, Rebecca E., and David A. Tirrell. "Non‐Canonical Amino Acids in Protein Polymer Design." Polymer Reviews 47, no. 1 (April 2007): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15583720601109552.

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8

IMPERIALI, B., R. S. ROY, G. K. WALKUP, and L. WANG. "ChemInform Abstract: Unnatural Amino Acids for the Design of Functional Proteins: Biomimetic Catalysis Using Coenzyme Amino Acids." ChemInform 28, no. 48 (August 2, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199748331.

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9

Esgulian, Mathieu, Luc Camoin, Mathieu Cassien, Yves Toiron, Sylvia Pietri, and Sophie Thétiot-Laurent. "Design of New Probes for Oxidized Amino Acids Localization." Proceedings 22, no. 1 (August 8, 2019): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019022039.

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10

Koviach, Jennifer L., Mark D. Chappell, and Randall L. Halcomb. "Design and Synthesis of Conformationally Constrained Glycosylated Amino Acids." Journal of Organic Chemistry 66, no. 7 (April 2001): 2318–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo001512z.

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11

Dwivedi, Shailendra Kumar Dhar, Krishnananda Samanta, Manisha Yadav, Amit Kumar Jana, Abhishek Kumar Singh, Bandana Chakravarti, Sankalan Mondal, et al. "Amino acids derived benzoxazepines: Design, synthesis and antitumor activity." Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 23, no. 24 (December 2013): 6816–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.10.013.

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12

Mozhdehi, Davoud, and Zhibin Guan. "Design of supramolecular amino acids to template peptide folding." Chemical Communications 49, no. 85 (2013): 9950. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cc45419c.

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13

Micheletti, Cristian, Flavio Seno, Amos Maritan, and Jayanth R. Banavar. "Design of proteins with hydrophobic and polar amino acids." Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 32, no. 1 (July 1, 1998): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0134(19980701)32:1<80::aid-prot9>3.0.co;2-i.

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14

Mei, Haibo, Jianlin Han, Karel D. Klika, Kunisuke Izawa, Tatsunori Sato, Nicholas A. Meanwell, and Vadim A. Soloshonok. "Applications of fluorine-containing amino acids for drug design." European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 186 (January 2020): 111826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2019.111826.

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15

Vig, Balvinder S., Kristiina M. Huttunen, Krista Laine, and Jarkko Rautio. "Amino acids as promoieties in prodrug design and development." Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews 65, no. 10 (October 2013): 1370–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2012.10.001.

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16

Banerjee, Arindam, Animesh Pramanik, Surajit Bhattacharjya, and P. Balaram. "Omega amino acids in peptide design: incorporation into helices." Biopolymers 39, no. 6 (December 6, 1998): 769–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0282(199612)39:6<769::aid-bip4>3.0.co;2-t.

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17

Pimenta, Daniel C., Robson L. Melo, Giuseppe Caliendo, Vincenzo Santagada, Ferdinando Fiorino, Beatrice Severino, Gilberto de Nucci, Luiz Juliano, and Maria A. Juliano. "Design of Inhibitors for Human Tissue Kallikrein Using Non-Natural Aromatic and Basic Amino Acids." Biological Chemistry 383, no. 5 (May 15, 2002): 853–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bc.2002.091.

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Abstract We explored the unique substrate specificity of the primary S1 subsite of human urinary kallikrein (hK1), which accepts both Phe or Arg synthesizing and assaying peptides derived from PhenylacetylPheSer ArgEDDnp, a previously described inhibitor with analgesic and antiinflammatory activities [Emim et al., Br. J. Pharmacol. 130 (2000), 1099 1107]. Phe was substituted by amino acids containing larger aliphatic or aromatic side chains as well as by nonnatural basic amino acids, which were designed to combine a large hydrophobic and/or aromatic group with a positivelycharged group at their side chains. In general, all peptides with basic amino acids represented better inhibitors than those with hydrophobic amino acids. Furthermore, the S1 subsite specificity proved to be much more selective than the mere distinction between Phe and Arg, for minor differences in the side chains of the nonnatural amino acids resulted in major differences in the Ki values. Finally, we present a series of peptides that were assayed as competitive inhibitors for human tissue kallikrein that may lead to the development of novel peptides, which are both more potent and selective.

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18

Gonçalves, André Henrique, Anielli Souza Pereira, Jefferson Henrique Gomes Malvino, Valdere Martins Dos Santos, and Maria Alice Figueiredo Martins Bonilha. "Application of amino acids and micronutrients on yield of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)." Journal of Biotechnology and Biodiversity 3, no. 2 (May 16, 2012): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.20873/jbb.uft.cemaf.v3n2.goncalves.

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Aiming to verify the effects of the use of sources of amino acids associated to micronutrients on the final yield of common bean, was conducted an experiment at FAZU in Uberaba-MG, using Carioca kind of bean, cultivar Pérola. The design was in randomized blocks with eight treatments and four repetitions. The sowing was done in August 18, 2008, the final stand of 240.000 plants ha-1. Fertilization was held with 8-28-16 and coverage with urea. The treatments were constituted of T1: witness; T2: seed treatment (B: 0,1%; Cu: 0,1%; Mo: 2,%; Zn: 4,6%); T3: seed treatment + foliar fertilization at 25 DAE (B: 0,3%; Mn: 2,%; Mo: 1%; Zn: 3% + amino acids); T4: seed treatment + foliar application of amino acids at 25 DAE; T5: seed treatment + foliar application of amino aciads in the pre and post-bloom (40 and 50 DAE); T6: foliar fertilization at 25 DAE (B: 0,3%; Mn: 2%; Mo: 1,%; Zn: 3% + amino acids); T7: foliar application of amino acids at 25 DAE; T8: foliar application (B: 0,3%; Mn: 2%; Mo: 1,%; Zn: 3% + amino acids) in the pre and post-bloom (40 and 50 DAE). It was evaluated: final yield, number of pods/plants, number of grains/pods and the mass of 100 grains. The results did not show relevant difference.

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19

Katti, Kalpana S., Avinash H. Ambre, Nicholas Peterka, and Dinesh R. Katti. "Use of unnatural amino acids for design of novel organomodified clays as components of nanocomposite biomaterials." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 368, no. 1917 (April 28, 2010): 1963–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0008.

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Sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) clay was modified with three different unnatural amino acids in order to design intercalated clay structures that may be used for bone biomaterials applications. Prior work on polymer–clay nanocomposites (PCNs) has indicated the effect of the appropriate choice of modifiers on enhancing properties of PCNs. Our X-ray diffraction results indicate an increase in the d -spacing of Na-MMT clay after it was modified with the three unnatural amino acids. Transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy experiments were carried out on the unmodified and modified MMT clay samples to study the molecular interactions between the amino acids used as modifiers and the Na-MMT clay. Cell culture experiments showed that the Na-MMT clay modified with the three amino acids was biocompatible as were the modified clay-incorporated films of chitosan/polygalacturonic acid/hydroxyapatite.

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20

Kretsinger, Juliana K., and Joel P. Schneider. "Design and Application of Basic Amino Acids Displaying Enhanced Hydrophobicity." Journal of the American Chemical Society 125, no. 26 (July 2003): 7907–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja029892o.

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21

Balaram, Padmanabhan. "Non-standard amino acids in peptide design and protein engineering." Current Biology 2, no. 12 (December 1992): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-9822(92)90104-i.

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22

Karade, Hitendra N., B. N. Acharya, Manisha Sathe, and M. P. Kaushik. "Design, synthesis, and antimalarial evaluation of thiazole-derived amino acids." Medicinal Chemistry Research 17, no. 1 (February 2, 2008): 19–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00044-008-9089-0.

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23

Xie, Yu, Zhaopeng Yu, Xiaoying Huang, Zhiyong Wang, Liwen Niu, Maikun Teng, and Jing Li. "Rational Design of MOFs Constructed from Modified Aromatic Amino Acids." Chemistry - A European Journal 13, no. 33 (November 16, 2007): 9399–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.200700543.

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24

Lane, Jonathan W., and Randall L. Halcomb. "ChemInform Abstract: New Design Concepts for Constraining Glycosylated Amino Acids." ChemInform 32, no. 45 (May 23, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200145217.

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25

Balaram, Padmanabhan. "Non-standard amino acids in peptide design and protein engineering." Current Opinion in Structural Biology 2, no. 6 (January 1992): 845–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-440x(92)90110-s.

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26

Kaur, Arminder, and Krishna Raj Singh. "Amino acids and design of the polarizabilities of amino acid remains: A review paper." Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research 10, no. 11 (2021): 761–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2278-4853.2021.01117.4.

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27

Pazo, Marta, Marisa Juanes, Irene Lostalé-Seijo, and Javier Montenegro. "Oligoalanine helical callipers for cell penetration." Chemical Communications 54, no. 50 (2018): 6919–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc02304b.

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Even for short peptides that are enriched in basic amino acids, the large chemical space that can be spanned by combinations of natural amino acids hinders the rational design of cell penetrating peptides.

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28

Nasr, Javad. "Effect of different levels of amino acids on carcass composition and yield in broilers." Animal Production Science 51, no. 12 (2011): 1123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11091.

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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the carcass yield and composition of 200 Arian male broilers fed diets (starter and grower) with different levels of amino acids requirements (high, medium, standard and low amino acids) in a completely randomised experimental design. All diets were isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Increased proportion of breast and thigh to bodyweight ratio were also obtained by increasing the level of amino acids from standard to high amino acids at 42 days of age (P < 0.05). In broilers receiving 120% of National Research Council amino acids, bodyweight at 42 days of age increased significantly by 202 g compared with standard amino acids diet. Feeding broilers with a high amino acid diet significantly (P < 0.05) increased carcass, breast, thigh and abdominal fat weights compared with standard group. Treatment with high amino acids had significantly higher levels of crude protein, lysine, and methionine percentage of breast and thigh meat in Arian broilers. The results of this study suggest that additional amino acids in starter and grower diets optimised bodyweight gain in Arian broiler, whereas reductions in amino acid levels reduced growth and liveweight.

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29

Schrittwieser, Joerg, Stefan Velikogne, and Wolfgang Kroutil. "Artificial Biocatalytic Linear Cascades to Access Hydroxy Acids, Lactones, and α- and β-Amino Acids." Catalysts 8, no. 5 (May 14, 2018): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8050205.

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α-, β-, and ω-Hydroxy acids, amino acids, and lactones represent common building blocks and intermediates for various target molecules. This review summarizes artificial cascades published during the last 10 years leading to these products. Renewables as well as compounds originating from fossil resources have been employed as starting material. The review provides an inspiration for new cascade designs and may be the basis to design variations of these cascades starting either from alternative substrates or extending them to even more sophisticated products.

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30

Múdra, Marcela, Martin Breza, Lucia Lintnerová, Juraj Filo, and Jacob Bauer. "The design and NMR structure determination of yttrium-oligopeptide tags for recombinant proteins and antibodies." Acta Chimica Slovaca 11, no. 2 (October 1, 2018): 120–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acs-2018-0018.

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Abstract A strategy for the design of new yttrium(III) tags consisting of sequences of naturally occurring amino acids is described. These tags are 4–6 amino acids in length and consist of aspartic and glutamic acids. The use of natural amino acids would allow these oligopeptides to be incorporated into recombinant proteins at the DNA level, enabling the protein to be Y(III)-labelled after protein isolation. This allows a radionuclide or heavy atom to be associated with the protein without the necessity of further synthetic modification. Suitable peptides able to chelate Y(III) in stable complexes were designed based on quantum-chemical calculations. The stability of complexes formed by these peptides was tested by isothermal titration calorimetry, giving dissociation constants in the micromolar range. The likely structure of the most tightly bound complex was inferred from a combination of NMR experiments and quantum-chemical calculations. This structure will serve as the basis for future optimizations.

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31

Brisson, Emma R. L., Zeyun Xiao, and Luke A. Connal. "Amino Acid Functional Polymers: Biomimetic Polymer Design Enabling Catalysis, Chiral Materials, and Drug Delivery." Australian Journal of Chemistry 69, no. 7 (2016): 705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch16028.

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Amino acids are the natural building blocks for the world around us. Highly functional, these small molecules have unique catalytic properties, chirality, and biocompatibility. Imparting these properties to surfaces and other macromolecules is highly sought after and represents a fast-growing field. Polymers functionalized with amino acids in the side chains have tunable optical properties, pH responsiveness, biocompatibility, structure and self-assembly properties. Herein, we review the synthesis of amino acid functional polymers, discuss manipulation of available strategies to achieve the desired responsive materials, and summarize some exciting applications in catalysis, chiral particles, and drug delivery.

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32

Silva, Luan Dos Santos, Paula Tereza de Souza e. Silva, and Ítalo Herbert Lucena Cavalcante. "Impact of fulvic acid and free amino acids on paclobutrazol absorption by ‘Keitt’ mango." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 15, no. 4 (July 23, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2519.

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This study evaluated the impact of fulvic acid and free amino acids on paclobutrazol soil residue, their absorption and effects on ‘Keitt’ mango grown in tropical semi-arid environmental conditions. The experiment was carried out from 2017 to 2018 simultaneously in two orchards with the same plants and management characteristics, located in Cabrobó, Pernambuco, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four treatments, five replications and four plants per replication. The treatments consisted of paclobutrazol combinations with acid fulvic and free amino acids, as follows: Treatment 1: paclobutrazol + water (control); Treatment 2: paclobutrazol + fulvic acids; Treatment 3: paclobutrazol + free amino acids; and Treatment 4: paclobutrazol + fulvic acids + free amino acids. According to the results, the use of fulvic acids, free amino acids or both affects the paclobutrazol absorption by 'Keitt' mango. The addition of fulvic acid to the paclobutrazol improves the absorption of this molecule by the plant, with greater inhibition of vegetative growth of 'Keitt' mango and lower soil residues.

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33

Nguyen, Thuy Duong, Yutaka Saito, and Tomoshi Kameda. "CodonAdjust: a software for in silico design of a mutagenesis library with specific amino acid profiles." Protein Engineering, Design and Selection 32, no. 11 (November 2019): 503–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/protein/gzaa013.

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Abstract In protein engineering, generation of mutagenesis libraries is a key step to study the functions of mutants. To generate mutants with a desired composition of amino acids (AAs), a codon consisting of a mixture of nucleotides is widely applied. Several computational methods have been proposed to calculate a codon nucleotide composition for generating a given amino acid profile based on mathematical optimization. However, these previous methods need to manually tune weights of amino acids in objective functions, which are time-consuming and, more importantly, lack publicly available software implementations. Here, we develop CodonAdjust, a software to adjust a codon nucleotide composition for mimicking a given amino acid profile. We propose different options of CodonAdjust, which provide various customizations in practical scenarios such as setting a guaranteeing threshold for the frequencies of amino acids without any manual tasks. We demonstrate the capability of CodonAdjust in the experiments on the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of antibodies and T-cell receptors (TCRs) as well as millions of amino acid profiles from Pfam. These results suggest that CodonAdjust is a productive software for codon design and may accelerate library generation. CodonAdjust is freely available at https://github.com/tiffany-nguyen/CodonAdjust. Paper edited by Dr. Jeffery Saven, Board Member for PEDS.

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34

Nasyiruddin, Riya Liuhartana, Waleed Al-Ansi, Amer Ali Mahdi, Anwar Noman, Elok Ilunanwati, Gatot Priyanto, and Basuni Hamzah. "Determination of the best cooking time and the characteristics of Nile tilapia pepes (an Indonesian traditional fish product) processed by microwave oven." International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 8, no. 1 (2023): 024–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.81.3.

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The present study aimed to examine the best cooking time of Nile tilapia pepes processed by the microwave oven and to observe its chemical characteristics. The research was conducted in two stages. The treatment in the first stage was pepes cooking time which consists of four levels. The observed parameter was pepes sensory using multiple comparison tests. The experimental design to determine the chemical characteristics of pepes in the second stage was Completely Randomized Design with three levels namely raw, steamed, and microwave oven pepes in three replications. The observed parameters were moisture content, protein, amino acids, and free fatty acid levels. The result shows that the best cooking time of pepes with a microwave oven was five minutes. Analysis of variance showed that cooking affected the total selected essential amino acid and 14 kinds of amino acids content that were analyzed, namely aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, histidine, threonine, arginine, alanine, tyrosine, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, and lysine content of pepes but not significantly affected on the moisture content, protein, glycine and free fatty acids content of pepes. The total selected essential amino acid and 14 kinds of amino acids content of raw pepes were significantly different to cooked pepes (microwave oven and steamed pepes), but the total selected essential amino acid and 14 kinds of amino acids content of microwave oven pepes were not significantly different to steamed pepes. The chemical characteristics of microwave oven pepes were 73.04% wb of moisture, 67.95% DB of protein, 28.48% DB of total selected essential amino acids, and 7.22% in oil of free fatty acids content.

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35

Yasir F. Muhsin, Shakir M. Alwan, and Ayad Kareem Khan. "Design, Molecular Docking, Synthesis of Aromatic Amino Acids Linked to Cephalexin." Al Mustansiriyah Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 21, no. 3 (April 19, 2022): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32947/ajps.v21i3.794.

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Infections caused by bacteria have a significant impact on public health. Chemical synthesis of new derivatives of cephalexin inked to amino acid (tryptophan or histidine) through an amide bond at the acyl side chain is achieved. This is a new approach of incorporating, tryptophan and histidine into the the primary amino group of cephalexin, in order to provide a bulky group very close to the β-lactam ring. This chemical addition act as isosteric group to the alkoximino that protect beta lactam ring from bacterial beta lactamase enzyme. The new derivatives may show resistance to β-lactamases, improve activity and pharmacokinetic properties and may give new life for old drugs that are susceptible to hydrolysis by most β-lactamases. The chemical structures of these derivatives were confirmed by: FTIR, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, elemental micro analysis and some physical properties. Molecular docking on serine beta lactamase and prediction of ADME parameters were recorded using GOLD suite and Swiss ADME software respectively. Docking scores of the new derivatives of Cephalexin on β-lactamases were higher than those of Cephalexin, which may indicate better activity

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36

Gurevičienė, Vidutė, Eimantas Ramonas, Lidija Tetianec, Julija Razumienė, Marius Dagys, and Dalius Ratautas. "Biosensor Design Towards Monitoring of Amino Acids for Critical Care Patients." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2021-02, no. 55 (October 19, 2021): 1604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2021-02551604mtgabs.

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37

Kamtekar, S., J. Schiffer, H. Xiong, J. Babik, and M. Hecht. "Protein design by binary patterning of polar and nonpolar amino acids." Science 262, no. 5140 (December 10, 1993): 1680–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.8259512.

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38

Yu, Yang, Cheng Hu, Lin Xia, and Jiangyun Wang. "Artificial Metalloenzyme Design with Unnatural Amino Acids and Non-Native Cofactors." ACS Catalysis 8, no. 3 (January 31, 2018): 1851–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acscatal.7b03754.

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39

Almhjell, Patrick J., and Jeremy H. Mills. "Metal-chelating non-canonical amino acids in metalloprotein engineering and design." Current Opinion in Structural Biology 51 (August 2018): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2018.06.001.

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40

Norgren, Anna S., Frank Büttner, Samran Prabpai, Palangpon Kongsaeree, and Per I. Arvidsson. "β2-Amino Acids in the Design of Conformationally Homogeneouscyclo-Peptide Scaffolds." Journal of Organic Chemistry 71, no. 18 (September 2006): 6814–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo060854n.

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41

Mathur, Puniti, S. Ramakumar, and V. S. Chauhan. "Peptide design using ?,?-dehydro amino acids: From ?-turns to helical hairpins." Biopolymers 76, no. 2 (2004): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.10571.

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42

Liu, Jiang, Jianlin Han, Kunisuke Izawa, Tatsunori Sato, Sarah White, Nicholas A. Meanwell, and Vadim A. Soloshonok. "Cyclic tailor-made amino acids in the design of modern pharmaceuticals." European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 208 (December 2020): 112736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112736.

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43

Zou, Yupiao, Jianlin Han, Ashot S. Saghyan, Anna F. Mkrtchyan, Hiroyuki Konno, Hiroki Moriwaki, Kunisuke Izawa, and Vadim A. Soloshonok. "Asymmetric Synthesis of Tailor-Made Amino Acids Using Chiral Ni(II) Complexes of Schiff Bases. An Update of the Recent Literature." Molecules 25, no. 12 (June 12, 2020): 2739. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25122739.

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Tailor-made amino acids are indispensable structural components of modern medicinal chemistry and drug design. Consequently, stereo-controlled preparation of amino acids is the area of high research activity. Over last decade, application of Ni(II) complexes of Schiff bases derived from glycine and chiral tridentate ligands has emerged as a leading methodology for the synthesis of various structural types of amino acids. This review article summarizes examples of asymmetric synthesis of tailor-made α-amino acids via the corresponding Ni(II) complexes, reported in the literature over the last four years. A general overview of this methodology is provided, with the emphasis given to practicality, scalability, cost-structure and recyclability of the chiral tridentate ligands.

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44

Kasperkiewicz, Paulina, Anna D. Gajda, and Marcin Drąg. "Current and prospective applications of non-proteinogenic amino acids in profiling of proteases substrate specificity." Biological Chemistry 393, no. 9 (September 1, 2012): 843–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2012-0167.

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Abstract Proteases recognize their endogenous substrates based largely on a sequence of proteinogenic amino acids that surrounds the cleavage site. Currently, several methods are available to determine protease substrate specificity based on approaches employing proteinogenic amino acids. The knowledge about the specificity of proteases can be significantly extended by application of structurally diverse families of non-proteinogenic amino acids. From a chemical point of view, this information may be used to design specific substrates, inhibitors, or activity-based probes, while biological functions of proteases, such as posttranslational modifications can also be investigated. In this review, we discuss current and prospective technologies for application of non-proteinogenic amino acids in protease substrate specificity profiling.

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Kulsi, Goutam, Abhijit Ghorai, Basudeb Achari, and Partha Chattopadhyay. "Design and synthesis of conformationally homogeneous pseudo cyclic peptides through amino acid insertion: investigations on their self assembly." RSC Advances 5, no. 79 (2015): 64675–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra11850f.

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Macrocyclic C₂ symmetric peptides have been synthesized that contain bis furanoid triazole amino acids linked to a d-α-amino acid or a β-amino acid in each half. Only the former undergoes parallel homo-stacking in solution.

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Kurhade, Shubhangi, S. A. Hiray, C. V. Pujari, R. V. Patil, S. D. Patil, and D. P. Waghmare. "Effect of Amino Acids and Silicon on Flowering and Yield of Pomegranate cv. Phule Bhagwa Super." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 224–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2022.1101.027.

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Field experiment was carried out during 2020-2021 to study the effect of amino acids and silicon on flowering, fruit characters and yield of pomegranate cv. Phule Bhagwa Super in a randomized block design with seven treatments which were replicated three times. The treatments were Potassium silicate 0.5% (T1), Potassium silicate 1.0 % (T2), Amino acids 150 ppm (T3), Amino acids 200ppm (T4), Amino acids 250 ppm (T5), Water spray (T6), Absolute control (T7). Foliar sprays of each treatment except T7 were applied twice. The first spray was taken one month before water holding for inducing hasta bahar (hasta flowering) and second spray was taken15 days after initial growth, but before flowering. The results revealed that all the parameters studied were significantly influenced due to foliar spraying of different concentrations of potassium silicate and amino acids. The treatment T5 (amino acids 250 ppm) recorded maximum number of hermaphrodite flowers/ tree (147), sex ratio (33.3), fruit set(67.8%), number of fruit per tree (99.7), fruit weight (g) and yield per tree (35.3 kg) whereas the treatment T4 (amino acids 200 ppm) recorded highest fruit weight (302.8g). The results suggested that spraying amino acids is more effective as compared to silicon as it produced more number of hermaphrodite flower, fruit set, fruit weight number of fruits per plant and yield per plant.

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JANAS, LYNN MARIE, MARY FRANCES PICCIANO, and TERRY F. HATCH. "Nutrition Study Design Questioned." Pediatrics 77, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): 136–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.77.1.136.

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In Reply.— We welcome the interest in our study1 and are pleased to have the opportunity to respond to Dr Wilson's letter. At the initiation of our study, there were two equivocal reports on indices of protein metabolism in full-term infants fed human milk, whey-predominant formula, or cow's milk formula.2-4 Therefore, our objective was to assess whether specific parameters of protein metabolism responded quantitatively to dietary intakes of protein, nitrogen, and amino acids. Our results did confirm that plasma aminograms are elevated with feeding either a whey-predominant or a cow's milk formula3; however, we are the first to report that total protein (total nitrogen) intake is as important as protein quality in determining plasma amino acid response in infants.

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Vale, Nuno, Abigail Ferreira, Joana Matos, Paula Fresco, and Maria Gouveia. "Amino Acids in the Development of Prodrugs." Molecules 23, no. 9 (September 11, 2018): 2318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092318.

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Although drugs currently used for the various types of diseases (e.g., antiparasitic, antiviral, antibacterial, etc.) are effective, they present several undesirable pharmacological and pharmaceutical properties. Most of the drugs have low bioavailability, lack of sensitivity, and do not target only the damaged cells, thus also affecting normal cells. Moreover, there is the risk of developing resistance against drugs upon chronic treatment. Consequently, their potential clinical applications might be limited and therefore, it is mandatory to find strategies that improve those properties of therapeutic agents. The development of prodrugs using amino acids as moieties has resulted in improvements in several properties, namely increased bioavailability, decreased toxicity of the parent drug, accurate delivery to target tissues or organs, and prevention of fast metabolism. Herein, we provide an overview of models currently in use of prodrug design with amino acids. Furthermore, we review the challenges related to the permeability of poorly absorbed drugs and transport and deliver on target organs.

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Hosseinzadeh, Parisa, Gaurav Bhardwaj, Vikram Khipple Mulligan, Matthew D. Shortridge, Timothy W. Craven, Fátima Pardo-Avila, Stephen A. Rettie, et al. "Comprehensive computational design of ordered peptide macrocycles." Science 358, no. 6369 (December 14, 2017): 1461–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aap7577.

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Mixed-chirality peptide macrocycles such as cyclosporine are among the most potent therapeutics identified to date, but there is currently no way to systematically search the structural space spanned by such compounds. Natural proteins do not provide a useful guide: Peptide macrocycles lack regular secondary structures and hydrophobic cores, and can contain local structures not accessible with l-amino acids. Here, we enumerate the stable structures that can be adopted by macrocyclic peptides composed of l- and d-amino acids by near-exhaustive backbone sampling followed by sequence design and energy landscape calculations. We identify more than 200 designs predicted to fold into single stable structures, many times more than the number of currently available unbound peptide macrocycle structures. Nuclear magnetic resonance structures of 9 of 12 designed 7- to 10-residue macrocycles, and three 11- to 14-residue bicyclic designs, are close to the computational models. Our results provide a nearly complete coverage of the rich space of structures possible for short peptide macrocycles and vastly increase the available starting scaffolds for both rational drug design and library selection methods.

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Utiah, W., and U. Paputungan. "Analisis faktor konsentrat pakan terhadap konsumsi asam-asam amino ayam ras petelur." ZOOTEC 41, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35792/zot.41.1.2021.31536.

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ANALYSIS OF FEED CONCENTRATE FACTOR ON LAYING HEN AMINO ACIDS CONSUMPTION. Laying hens require a number of elements in which nutrients such as protein containing the amino acids are balanced in quality. Recently, there are various types of commercial ration (concentrate) for laying hens produced by the company. Quality of protein is expressed either high or low composition of amino acids depending on the essential amino acids contained in these feeds. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different types of commercial concentrates on the consumption of amino acids in laying chicken. The research was conducted on laying chicken farms located in Matali Village, district of East Kotamobagu, Kotamobagu Municipality. Laying hens of Silver Strains as many as 240 heads at 78-week-old were used in this study. This study applied a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of three treatments and eight replications at each treatment. The treatments were using commercial concentrations of the amino acids for commercial Concentrate A (RA), commercial concentrate B (RB) and commercial concentrate C (RC). The laboratory analysis showed that the majority amounts of essential amino acids (Arginine, Lysine, histidine, leucine, isoleucine, valine, threonine and phenylalanine) of 80% was higher in RC than RB and RA, indicating that the composition of both quality and quantity of amino acids in commercial concentrates C (RC) is sufficient and more balanced than commercial concentrates A (RA) and commercial concentrate B (RB). These complete amino acids in RC increased more feed consumption of laying hens compared with those in RA and RB.Key words: Laying hens, amino acids, commercial concentrate

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