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Journal articles on the topic 'Amiata'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 March 2023

Last updated: 11 March 2023

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1

VEZZOLI, LUIGINA, and CLAUDIA PRINCIPE. "MONTE AMIATA VOLCANO (TUSCANY, ITALY) IN THE HISTORY OF VOLCANOLOGY, PART 1: ITS ROLE IN THE DEBATES ON EXTINCT VOLCANOES, SOURCES OF MAGMA, AND ERUPTIVE MECHANISMS (1733–1935)." Earth Sciences History 39, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 28–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-39.1.28.

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A review of the main contributions to the scientific literature between the eighteenth and twentieth centuries concerning the geology and volcanology of Monte Amiata volcano (Tuscany, central Italy) is presented. Monte Amiata, and the nearby volcano of Radicofani, are of great interest for the history of volcanology because they have the primacy of being the first to be recognized of volcanic origin in a region (Tuscany) which was not volcanically active, thirty years before Guettard's studies on the Auvergne region in France. Indeed, the Florentine botanist Pier Antonio Micheli identified as extinct volcanoes Radicofani in 1722 and Monte Amiata in 1733. Moreover, the merit of Micheli's work resides in interpreting Monte Amiata as an extinct volcano despite the absence of a conventional cone-shaped volcano morphology, and in his recognizing its rocks as lavas despite their marked differences to those produced by the known active volcanoes of its times, such as the iconic Vesuvius. During the eighteenth century and until the first half of the nineteenth century, Monte Amiata was a destination for scientific journeys by Tuscan and foreign scholars (e.g. Micheli, Baldassarri, Arduino, Fortis, Ferber, Dolomieu, Santi, Repetti, Hoffmann). In addition, its rocks were part of important collections throughout Europe visited by illustrious mineralogists. Furthermore, samples from Monte Amiata were used to illustrate the general discussions on the nature and origin of rocks such as basalt and granite. In the nineteenth century, Monte Amiata was included in the lists of known volcanoes recorded in the early treatises on volcanology made by Scrope, Daubeny, and Hoffmann, and its ‘trachyte’ was the subject of early essays on microscope petrography and chemical analysis of rocks, performed by vom Rath, Rosenbusch, Williams, Lacroix, and Washington. Between the end of the nineteenth century and the first quarter of the twentieth century, the volcano geologists of the Comitato Geologico Italiano, especially Verri, Lotti, and Sabatini, carried out field-surveys on Monte Amiata resulting in geological maps and volcano-stratigraphies. Moreover, modern petrographic (Novarese, Artini, Rodolico) and geographical (Dainelli and Olinto Marinelli) scientific studies were carried out on this volcano. Nevertheless, up to the middle part of the twentieth century, the major interest in Monte Amiata was related not to its volcanological aspects but to its natural resources: drinking waters, diatomaceous earths, earth pigments, and mercury ore-minerals.

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2

Luigina Vezzoli, Claudia Principe, and Chiara Sorbini. "The paleo-lacustrine diatomaceous deposits of Monte Amiata volcano (Tuscany, Italy) and the Ezio Tongiorgi paleontological collection in the Museum of Natural History of the University of Pisa." Annals of Geophysics 64, no. 5 (December 13, 2021): VO553. http://dx.doi.org/10.4401/ag-8634.

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At the foothillof Monte Amiata volcano (southern Tuscany, Italy), small extinct lake basins of late Pleistocene age are documented. These lake basins were characterized by the deposition of two very different types of sediment: a) derived from the authigenic precipitation of iron oxides (goethite) and exploited as earth pigments; b) biogenic siliceous sediment composed of fossil diatoms and named diatomaceous earth or diatomite. The lacustrine sediments of Mount Amiata volcano were widely exploited for various applications since ancient times. Literary documents begin in the 16th century, with the descriptions of Cesalpino, Gesner, Agricola, and Imperato. Specific references to the diatomites of Monte Amiata are quoted in the 17th century by Boccone and Bonanno. The quarrying activity was described by Micheli in 1733. During the 18th and 19th centuries, the diatomaceous earths of Monte Amiata are part of the important geological collections of Micheli, Targioni Tozzetti, Baldassarri, Campani, and Tommi. A particular significance has the collection of botanic and ichthyologic fossils collected by Ezio Tongiorgi, and now preserved in the Museum of Natural History of the University of Pisa sited at the Charterhouse of Pisa in the Calci village. These paleontological samples preserve the biological and physical testimonies of the environmental and climatic changes of the late Pleistocene and are now particularly valuable because they are the only remaining evidence of the diatomaceous lacustrine deposits of the paleo-lakes of Monte Amiata. For these reasons, they represent geological materials with a fundamental cultural value.

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3

Licitra, Rosario, Stefania Chessa, Federica Salari, Stefano Gattolin, Omar Bulgari, Iolanda Altomonte, and Mina Martini. "Milk protein polymorphism in Amiata donkey." Livestock Science 230 (December 2019): 103845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2019.103845.

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4

Nocera, Irene, Benedetta Aliboni, Caterina Puccinelli, Giulia Pietrini, Micaela Sgorbini, Simonetta Citi, and Giorgio Ricardi. "Radiographic parameters of the digit in a cohort population of Amiata donkeys." Open Veterinary Journal 10, no. 4 (February 5, 2021): 354–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v10i4.1.

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Background: The most common musculoskeletal conditions reported in donkeys are related to the foot. Radiographic examinations are clinically important in the diagnosis of foot abnormalities and are commonly used. However, few studies have been conducted to establish the normal radiographic appearance of a donkey’s foot. Aim: To determine the radiographic features of the front digit in healthy Amiata donkeys. Methods: Radiographic examinations were performed on 56 forefeet of 28 Amiata donkeys. Three radiographic views of each front foot were taken: lateromedial, dorsopalmar and dorso 65°proximal/palmarodistal oblique. Seventeen angular and linear radiographic parameters and the crena solearis were evaluated in all forefeet, and 18 morphometric parameters were evaluated in 16 out of 56 forefeet. Statistical analysis was carried out on all the measures assessed. Results: The radiographic appearance of the forefoot was ascertained, and data were reported as median ± standard error, minimum and maximum values. No statistical differences were obtained between the right and left forefeet. Conclusion: The normal baseline parameters of the forefeet of Amiata donkeys were recorded and described and compared with other donkey breeds and horses. The findings highlighted that the donkey breed affects the radiographic parameters of the digit.

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5

Cecchi, Francesca, Roberta Ciampolini, Elena Ciani, Barbara Matteoli, Elisa Mazzanti, Mariella Tancredi, and Silvano Presciuttini. "Demographic genetics of the endangered Amiata donkey breed." Italian Journal of Animal Science 5, no. 4 (January 2006): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2006.387.

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6

Sargentini, Clara, Roberto Tocci, Giangiacomo Lorenzini, Benedetta Gianangeli, Andrea Martini, Sara Gallai, and Alessandro Giorgetti. "Morphological characteristics of Amiata donkey reared in Tuscany." Italian Journal of Animal Science 8, sup2 (January 2009): 721–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2009.s2.721.

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7

Sargentini, Clara, Roberto Tocci, Luisa Andrenelli, and Alessandro Giorgetti. "Preliminary studies on hoof characteristics in Amiata donkey." Italian Journal of Animal Science 11, no. 1 (January 2012): e22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2012.e22.

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8

Vitale, Valentina, Francesca Bonelli, Angela Briganti, and Micaela Sgorbini. "Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytological findings in healthy Amiata donkeys." Open Veterinary Journal 11, no. 1 (March 21, 2021): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ovj.v11i1.23.

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Background: The approach to respiratory diseases in donkeys is similar to that for horses; nevertheless, Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and tracheal wash cytology in this species have been described only a few times in the literature. Aim: To describe BALF cytological findings in a cohort of 24 healthy Amiata donkeys. Methods: Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was carried out via standing sedation with a large animal where the BAL catheter passed blindly through the nasal passage into the trachea. Results: The total nucleated cell count of the BALF was found similar to that already described in healthy horses and donkeys. No differences in the differential count were observed according to age and sex. A decreased macrophage percentage and an increased eosinophil percentage were observed in our donkey population when compared to the existing reference range for horses. Conclusion: The reference intervals for BAL cytology in donkeys may be significantly different for those referred for horses.

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9

Ferrara, R., B. Mazzolai, H. Edner, S. Svanberg, and E. Wallinder. "Atmospheric mercury sources in the Mt. Amiata area, Italy." Science of The Total Environment 213, no. 1-3 (June 1998): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0048-9697(98)00067-9.

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10

Selvi, Federico, and Graziana Fiorini. "Karyology ofHieraciumL. subg.Hieracium(Asteraceae) from Mount Amiata (Central Italy)." Caryologia 49, no. 3-4 (January 1996): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00087114.1996.10797373.

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11

Bargagli, R., C. Barghigiani, and B. E. Maserti. "Mercury in vegetation of the Mount Amiata area (Italy)." Chemosphere 15, no. 8 (January 1986): 1035–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0045-6535(86)90555-2.

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12

Bustaffa, Elisa, Olivia Curzio, Fabrizio Bianchi, Fabrizio Minichilli, Daniela Nuvolone, Davide Petri, Giorgia Stoppa, Fabio Voller, and Liliana Cori. "Community Concern about the Health Effects of Pollutants: Risk Perception in an Italian Geothermal Area." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 21 (October 29, 2022): 14145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114145.

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Geothermal fluids for electricity and heat production have long been exploited in the Mt. Amiata area (Tuscany, Italy). Public concern about the health impact of geothermal plants has been present from the outset. Several factors influence the way people perceive risk; therefore, the objective of the present research is to develop indicators of risk perception and assess indices differences in relation to some questionnaire variables. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Amiata area on 2029 subjects aged 18–77. From the questionnaire section about risk perception from environmental hazards, four indicators were developed and analysed. A total of 64% of the subjects considered the environmental situation to be acceptable or excellent, 32% serious but reversible, and 4% serious and irreversible; as the values of the various perception indicators increased, an upward trend was observed in the averages. Risk perception was higher among women and young people, and was associated with higher education. Those who smelled bad odours in their surroundings reported higher risk perception. Furthermore, risk perception was higher in four municipalities. The results represent the basis for further investigations to analyse the link among risk perception indicators, exposure parameters, and health status.

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13

Salerni, Elena, Debora Barbato, Cecilia Cazau, Lorenzo Gardin, Gianni Henson, Pamela Leonardi, Antonio Tomao, and Claudia Perini. "Selective thinning to enhance soil biodiversity in artificial black pine stands - what happens to mushroom fruiting?" Annals of Forest Research 63, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.15287/afr.2020.2006.

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As a man-induced disturbance of forest ecosystems, thinning may affect biodiversity and other related ecological functions including fungal dynamics. In this context, a multidisciplinary EU-Life project was established in 2014 to evaluate the application of selective thinning in two Pinus nigra plantations areas of the Apennines (Monte Amiata and Pratomagno, Tuscany, Italy). Selective thinning had the aim to improve stands stability and growth rates, taking also into account the various components of soil biodiversity (flora, fungi, mesofauna, nematodes, microarthropods and bacteria). Here we present mushroom fruiting patterns previous to treatment in 2014 and the effect following the application of forest management (selective thinning and traditional thinning from below) in 2018. Boxplots were used to graphically represent intra and inter annual variations in species richness and abundance, while Principal Coordinates Analyses and multi-response permutation procedures based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrix were applied to evaluate turnover in species composition before the management and after 4 years. A significant reduction of fungal richness and abundance after 4 years thinning impact was lacking in both study areas, testifying a certain degree of resistance and/or resilience of mushroom fruiting to forest management-related anthropogenic disturbance. Considering each study site separately, Monte Amiata and Pratomagno did not show one uniform trend but differed significantly in their response to management: while in Pratomagno relevant inter-annual differences were present only in a few cases, an underlining significant variation both for species richness and abundance was registered in Monte Amiata for all treatment types among years (inter-annual variation) but not within each year (intra-annual variation). Only in Pratomagno turnover in species composition in selective thinning differed somewhat from the traditional treatment in 2018, showing that a process is underlying but still potentially masked by other variables. Due to the nature of macrofungi, a longer study period (more than 4 years post treatment impact) as well as the application of a more intense forest management, could be necessary to highlight and disentangle any possible trends in fungal fruiting in artificial stands

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14

Sbrana, A., P. Marianelli, M. Belgiorno, M. Sbrana, and V. Ciani. "Natural CO2 degassing in the Mount Amiata volcanic–geothermal area." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 397 (May 2020): 106852. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2020.106852.

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15

Marroni, Michele, Giovanna Moratti, Armando Costantini, Sandro Conticelli, Luca Pandolfi, Marco Bonini, Gianluca Cornamusini, and Marinella A. Laurenzi. "Geology of the Monte Amiata region, Southern Tuscany, Central Italy." Italian Journal of Geosciences 134, no. 2 (June 2015): 171–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3301/ijg.2015.13.

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16

Martini, Mina, Iolanda Altomonte, and Federica Salari. "Amiata Donkeys: Fat Globule Characteristics, Milk Gross Composition and Fatty Acids." Italian Journal of Animal Science 13, no. 1 (January 2014): 3118. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2014.3118.

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17

Acocella, V. "Space accommodation by roof lifting during pluton emplacement at Amiata (Italy)." Terra Nova 12, no. 4 (August 2000): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3121.2000.00286.x.

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18

Acocella, V., and G. Mulugeta. "Surface deformation induced by pluton emplacement: the case of Amiata (Italy)." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Part A: Solid Earth and Geodesy 26, no. 4-5 (April 2001): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1464-1895(01)00065-5.

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19

Fulignati, Paolo, Paola Marianelli, Alessandro Sbrana, and Valentina Ciani. "3D Geothermal Modelling of the Mount Amiata Hydrothermal System in Italy." Energies 7, no. 11 (November 17, 2014): 7434–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en7117434.

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20

Vitolo, Sandra, and Maria Luisa Cialdella. "Silica separation from reinjection brines at monte amiata geothermal plants, Italy." Geothermics 23, no. 3 (June 1994): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0375-6505(94)90003-5.

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21

Nocera, Irene, Benedetta Aliboni, Micaela Sgorbini, Luis Alfonso Gracia-Calvo, Giuseppe Conte, Liri Ben David, and Simonetta Citi. "Ultrasonographic Appearance of Elbow Joints in a Population of Amiata Donkeys." Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 94 (November 2020): 103242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103242.

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22

Ciampolini, R., F. Cecchi, E. Mazzanti, E. Ciani, M. Tancredi, and B. De Sanctis. "The genetic variability analysis of the Amiata donkey breed by molecular data." Italian Journal of Animal Science 6, sup1 (January 2007): 78–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.78.

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23

VEZZOLI, LUIGINA, and CLAUDIA PRINCIPE. "ARTIST’S IRON-BASED NATURAL EARTH PIGMENTS OF TUSCANY (MONTE AMIATA VOLCANO, ITALY)." Earth Sciences History 41, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 16–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-41.1.16.

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ABSTRACT Among the artist’s iron-based natural earth pigments, the so-called terra di Siena (raw sienna), terra di Siena bruciata (burnt sienna) and terra d’ombra (umber) have been among the yellow-brown and reddish-brown earth pigments most widely used by Italian and European painters since the Renaissance. We present the history of discovery, designation, and production of these famous pigments, their geological, lithological, and geochemical characterization, and the recognition of their genesis and places of origin, based on new geological field surveys, and on the critical analysis of textual documents and rock sample collections assembled during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. In particular, the terra di Siena earth pigment exclusively originated at, and was extracted from, late Pleistocene paleo-lake basins surrounding the Monte Amiata volcano. This earth pigment consists of primarily lacustrine sediments composed of hydrated iron oxide (limonite/goethite) produced by biochemical authigenic precipitation from fresh waters rich in metal solutes.

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24

Gatta, Domenico, Lucia Casini, Livio Magni, and Gian Battista Liponi. "Apparent digestibility of three diets in the Amiata breed donkey during lactation." Italian Journal of Animal Science 8, sup2 (January 2009): 706–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2009.s2.706.

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25

Chiarabba, C., A. Amato, and A. Fiordelisi. "Upper crustal tomographic images of the Amiata-Vulsini geothermal region, central Italy." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 100, B3 (March 10, 1995): 4053–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94jb02870.

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26

Selvi, Federico. "Flora and phytogeography of the volcanic dome of Monte Amiata (Central Italy)." Webbia 50, no. 2 (January 1996): 265–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00837792.1996.10670606.

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27

Pierotti, L., F. Gherardi, G. Facca, L. Piccardi, and G. Moratti. "Detecting CO 2 anomalies in a spring on Mt. Amiata volcano (Italy)." Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 98 (April 2017): 161–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2017.01.008.

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28

Borgia, Andrea, Alberto Mazzoldi, Carlo Alberto Brunori, Carmine Allocca, Carlo Delcroix, Luigi Micheli, Alberto Vercellino, and Giovanni Grieco. "Volcanic spreading forcing and feedback in geothermal reservoir development, Amiata Volcano, Italia." Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 284 (September 2014): 16–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.07.018.

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29

Lattanzi, Pierfranco, Valentina Rimondi, Laura Chiarantini, Antonella Colica, Marco Benvenuti, Pilario Costagliola, and Giovanni Ruggieri. "Mercury Dispersion through Streams Draining The Mt. Amiata District, Southern Tuscany, Italy." Procedia Earth and Planetary Science 17 (2017): 468–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeps.2016.12.118.

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30

Rimondi, V., P. Costagliola, J. E. Gray, P. Lattanzi, M. Nannucci, A. Salvadori, and O. Vaselli. "Mass loading of Hg in the Monte Amiata mining district, Southern Tuscany (Italy)." E3S Web of Conferences 1 (2013): 35003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20130135003.

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31

Battaglia, S., F. Gherardi, G. Gianelli, L. Leoni, and F. Origlia. "Clay mineral reactions in an active geothermal area (Mt. Amiata, southern Tuscany, Italy)." Clay Minerals 42, no. 3 (September 2007): 353–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2007.042.3.08.

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AbstractThis study characterizes the effects of fluid migration into a predominantly shale cover which seals the active geothermal system of Mt. Amiata (Tuscany, Italy). During Alpine orogenesis the shale unit was affected by regional metamorphism at the limit of the diagenesis-anchizone. Subsequently, the phyllosilicate clay minerals of the shales underwent significant alteration at diagenetic temperatures (175±25ºC as determined by the geochemical model) by the pervasive circulation of fluids activated by the geothermal field. The overall mineralogical assemblages indicate that the main transformations consisted mostly of destabilization of illite and formation of kaolinite together with large amounts of I-S mixed layers, with higher smectite content and decreased Reichweite I-S ordering (from R3 to R1) with respect to the original, unaltered phases. Application of computer modelling indicates that the circulation of CO2-rich geothermal fluids into the shale unit was responsible for the observed phyllosilicate clay mineral transformations.

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32

Girolami, C., M. R. Barchi, I. Heyde, C. Pauselli, F. Vetere, and A. Cannata. "The gravity anomaly of Mount Amiata; different approaches for understanding anomaly source distribution." Geophysical Journal International 211, no. 2 (August 17, 2017): 865–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggx350.

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33

Selvi, ederico. "Rare plants on Mount Amiata, Italy: Vulnerability to extinction on an ecological ‘island’." Biological Conservation 81, no. 3 (September 1997): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3207(96)00155-3.

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34

Loppi, Stefano, and Juri Nascimbene. "Lichen bioindication of air quality in the Mt. Amiata geothermal area (Tuscany, Italy)." Geothermics 27, no. 3 (June 1998): 295–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-6505(98)00003-0.

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35

Sbrana, Alessandro, Paolo Fulignati, Paola Marianelli, and Valentina Ciani. "Withdrawal notice to "Mt Amiata hydrothermal system (Italy): 3D geological and geothermal modeling"." Italian Journal of Geosciences 134, no. 3 (October 2015): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3301/ijg.2014.50.

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36

Batini, Fausto, Andrea Brogi, Antonio Lazzarotto, Domenico Liotta, and Enrico Pandeli. "Geological features of Larderello-Travale and Mt. Amiata geothermal areas (southern Tuscany, Italy)." Episodes 26, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2003/v26i3/015.

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37

Stanisic, Ljubodrag, Jelena M. Aleksić, Vladimir Dimitrijevic, Branislav Kovačević, Jevrosima Stevanovic, and Zoran Stanimirovic. "Banat donkey, a neglected donkey breed from the central Balkans (Serbia)." PeerJ 8 (March 3, 2020): e8598. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.8598.

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The dominant donkey breed in the Balkans is the mid-sized Balkan donkey with a grey to chocolate coat color. Local breeders from Serbia, however, still maintain a few larger individuals of a lighter coat color, named Banat donkey, and speculate that they are descendants of a Spanish donkey heard that had been transferred to the Banat region by the Hapsburg Queen Maria Theresa in the XVIII century for a specific purpose, to work in local vineyards. We have previously found a unique nuclear gene-pool and a prevalence of mitochondrial Clade 2 haplotypes in several such animals. In this study, we: (i) perform a comparative analysis of 18 morphological traits of the Banat donkey (seven individuals), Balkan donkey (53 individuals from two sub-populations of this breed) and the potential hybrids (eight individuals), and demonstrate the morphological distinctiveness of the Banat donkey, highlighting the diagnostic traits for distinguishing the breed: hip height, croup width, body length and chest depth; (ii) re-analyse published nuclear microsatellite data for these groups, and reveal that, although severely depopulated, the genetically distinct Banat donkey is not severely affected by the loss of genetic diversity and inbreeding; (iii) demonstrate that previously published Banat donkey mitochondrial haplotypes, analyzed genealogically together with those reported in ancient and modern individuals from Spain, Italy, Turkey, Cyprus and Africa, are shared with three Spanish breeds and individuals belonging to Amiata and some other Italian breeds. A unique morphological feature present in Banat and Somali wild donkeys, but also in Amiata donkeys, black stripes on legs, suggests that the origin of Clade 2 donkeys may be much more complex than previously thought. Actions to preserve the Banat donkey, a valuable but critically endangered genetic resource (<100 individuals), are urgent.

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38

Tretiach, Mauro, and Paola Ganis. "Hydrogen Sulphide and Epiphytic Lichen Vegetation: a Case Study on Mt. Amiata (Central Italy)." Lichenologist 31, no. 02 (March 1999): 163–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282999000225.

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AbstractA survey aimed at studying the effects of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) on epiphytic lichen vegetation was carried out at Acquapassante (Mt. Amiata, Central Italy). In 1992, lichen vegetation was surveyed using a sampling grid often units, on 18 chestnut trees along a transect from a chimney emitting H2S to c. 200 m in the direction of the prevailing winds. A Lichen Biodiversity Index (LBI) was calculated as the sum of the frequencies of all species present within the grid. The same survey was repeated five years later. Concentration Analysis was applied to describe the data structure, and Procrustes Analysis was used to verify the congruence between the ordinations of 1992 and 1997. The statistically significant linear and non-linear regressions found between environmental variables (distance of relevés from the chimney, bark pH, lichen biomass of selected foliose and fruticose species, total sulphur content ofEvernia prunastri, Hypogymnia physodes, Parmelia sulcataandRamalina fastigiata) and the position of the relevé points on the ordination axes suggest that species distribution along the transect is related to differences in H2S tolerance. However, some crustose species (Lecanora cf. conizaeoides, L. salignaandScolkiosporum umbrinum) should be probably excluded from the computation of the LBI for monitoring purposes, as their optimum is in the immediate vicinity of the H2S source.

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39

Borgi, Andrea, Enrico Capezzuoli, Domenico Liotta, and Marco Meccheri. "The Tuscan Nappe structures in the Monte Amiata geothermal area (central Italy): a review." Italian Journal of Geosciences 134, no. 2 (June 2015): 219–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3301/ijg.2014.55.

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40

Tretiach, Mauro, and Paola Ganis. "Hydrogen Sulphide and Epiphytic Lichen Vegetation: a Case Study on Mt. Amiata (Central Italy)." Lichenologist 31, no. 2 (March 1999): 163–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1998.0173.

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AbstractA survey aimed at studying the effects of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) on epiphytic lichen vegetation was carried out at Acquapassante (Mt. Amiata, Central Italy). In 1992, lichen vegetation was surveyed using a sampling grid often units, on 18 chestnut trees along a transect from a chimney emitting H2S to c. 200 m in the direction of the prevailing winds. A Lichen Biodiversity Index (LBI) was calculated as the sum of the frequencies of all species present within the grid. The same survey was repeated five years later. Concentration Analysis was applied to describe the data structure, and Procrustes Analysis was used to verify the congruence between the ordinations of 1992 and 1997. The statistically significant linear and non-linear regressions found between environmental variables (distance of relevés from the chimney, bark pH, lichen biomass of selected foliose and fruticose species, total sulphur content of Evernia prunastri, Hypogymnia physodes, Parmelia sulcata and Ramalina fastigiata) and the position of the relevé points on the ordination axes suggest that species distribution along the transect is related to differences in H2S tolerance. However, some crustose species (Lecanora cf. conizaeoides, L. saligna and Scolkiosporum umbrinum) should be probably excluded from the computation of the LBI for monitoring purposes, as their optimum is in the immediate vicinity of the H2S source.

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41

Barghigiani, Corrado, B. Z. Siegel, Roberto Bargagli, and S. M. Siegel. "The contribution of mercury from thermal springs to the environmental contamination of Mt. Amiata." Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 43, no. 1-2 (January 1989): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00175591.

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42

Santilano, A., A. Manzella, G. Gianelli, A. Donato, G. Gola, I. Nardini, E. Trumpy, and S. Botteghi. "Convective, intrusive geothermal plays: what about tectonics?" Geothermal Energy Science 3, no. 1 (September 15, 2015): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gtes-3-51-2015.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> We revised the concept of convective, intrusive geothermal plays, considering that the tectonic setting is not, in our opinion, a discriminant parameter suitable for a classification. We analysed and compared four case studies: (i) Larderello (Italy), (ii) Mt Amiata (Italy), (iii) The Geysers (USA) and (iv) Kizildere (Turkey). The tectonic settings of these geothermal systems are different and a matter of debate, so it is hard to use this parameter, and the results of classification are ambiguous. We suggest a classification based on the age and nature of the heat source and the related hydrothermal circulation. Finally we propose to distinguish the convective geothermal plays as volcanic, young intrusive and amagmatic.</p>

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43

Martini, Mina, Iolanda Altomonte, Federica Salari, and Anna M. Caroli. "Short communication: Monitoring nutritional quality of Amiata donkey milk: Effects of lactation and productive season." Journal of Dairy Science 97, no. 11 (November 2014): 6819–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-8544.

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44

Hanif, Irfan, Ahmad Zaenudin, Nandi Haerudin, and Rahmat C. Wibowo. "IDENTIFIKASI ORIENTASI REKAHAN MIKRO AREA PANAS BUMI MONTE AMIATA BERDASARKAN ANALISIS STUDI SHEAR WAVE SPLITTING." Indonesian Physical Review 3, no. 2 (June 15, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/ipr.v3i2.56.

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Shear Wave Splitting is an application of seismic wave to analyse the anisotropy level of a certain medium. Generally, shear wave propagation through a rock formation will be polarized (φ) into two parts especially when the medium structures are different, such as fracture. The polarized shear wave which is perpendicular to fracture will propagate slower than the wave that propagates parallel to the fracture. The delay time (δt) of both wave is proportional with the fracture intensity along the wave propagation from the source to the station. The description regarding fracture orientation can be obtained by analysing both Shear Wave Splitting parameters (φ and δt), and this information is adequately important in geothermal exploration or exploitation phase at Mt. Amiata. Based on the result of this research, the micro earthquake source is focused on the east to the south area and spread along 3 earthquake stations. The existence of micro earthquake source is mainly focused at the depth of 1 to 4 km. In addition, the polarization direction of each earthquake station at the geological map shows a dominant fracture orientation consistently at NW-SE. All of the three stations also show that the polarization direction is integrated to the local fault existence in the subsurface. Furthermore, the research shows that the high intensity fracture distribution occurred at MCIV station area in the southern part of research location. Meanwhile, the low intensity fracture distribution occurred at ARCI and SACS station area in the western and the eastern part of research location. The high value of fracture intensity accompanied by the high amount of structure intensity, strengthen the prediction of the high anisotropy existence which potentially tends to the high permeability presence at the area.Keywords: shear wave splitting, anisotropy, fracture, geothermal, polarization direction, fracture intensity.

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Cecchi, F., R. Ciampolini, E. Ciani, E. Mazzanti, M. Tancredi, and S. Presciuttini. "Morphological characterization of the Amiata donkey breed through the data reported in the Anagraphic Register." Italian Journal of Animal Science 6, sup1 (January 2007): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.70.

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46

Sigoillot, Alain. "Destins d’hommes libres à l’époque carolingienne d’après les chartes de Saint-Sauveur de Monte Amiata." Journal des savants 1, no. 1 (2013): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/jds.2013.6303.

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47

Salari, Federica, Cristina Roncoroni, Iolanda Altomonte, Carlo Boselli, Giovanni Brajon, and Mina Martini. "Effects of the Physiological Status and Diet on Blood Metabolic Parameters in Amiata Dairy Donkeys." Animals 11, no. 11 (November 17, 2021): 3292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11113292.

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Body weight changes and blood metabolic parameters in jennies feeding two different diets and in three physiological statuses were investigated (maintenance vs. pregnancy; maintenance vs. lactation). The relationships between blood metabolic profile and milk quality were also evaluated. Fourteen jennies were allocated to two groups (1: pregnant/lactating; 2: non-pregnant, non–lactating). Pregnant jennies and maintenance jennies (during the first 10-week measurement period) fed a diet consisted of ad libitum grass hay (diet 1); lactating jennies and maintenance jennies (during the last 10-week measurement period) fed ad libitum grass hay plus 2 kg/head/day of concentrate (diet 2). Blood sampling was performed on the jennies of both groups; individual milk samples were also collected during the first 70 days in milk. Higher blood NEFA (p < 0.05) were found in pregnant compared to maintenance jennies (diet 1) (68 vs. 37 μmol/L). Lactating jennies showed higher (p < 0.01) average blood NEFA (268 vs. 26 μmol/L) and glucose (66 vs. 55 mg/dL) compared to the maintenance (diet 2). Blood glucose was positively correlated to milk fat (p < 0.05), while negative significant correlations between de novo milk fatty acids and NEFAs were observed. Positive correlations between plasma B-HBA and somatic cell count (p < 0.01) were also found.

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Cutini, Andrea. "Biomass, litterfall and productivity in chestnut coppices of various age at Monte Amiata (Central Italy)." Ecologia mediterranea 26, no. 1 (2000): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecmed.2000.1889.

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Bonelli, Francesca, Irene Nocera, Giuseppe Conte, Duccio Panzani, and Micaela Sgorbini. "Relation between Apgar scoring and physical parameters in 44 newborn Amiata donkey foals at birth." Theriogenology 142 (January 2020): 310–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2019.10.020.

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Rota, Alessandra, Corinna Magelli, Duccio Panzani, and Francesco Camillo. "Effect of extender, centrifugation and removal of seminal plasma on cooled-preserved Amiata donkey spermatozoa." Theriogenology 69, no. 2 (January 2008): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2007.09.003.

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