Academic literature on the topic 'Americas - law'

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Journal articles on the topic "Americas - law"

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Scarfi, Juan Pablo. "The IDI, The ILA, and their Impact on the Institutionalization of International Law in the Americas: Resonances and Dissonances." AJIL Unbound 117 (2023): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/aju.2023.37.

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The Institut de Droit International (IDI) and the International Law Association (ILA) have bequeathed complex and contradictory legacies to the Americas. This essay explores both the resonances and the dissonances that the formation of the IDI, and to a lesser extent, the ILA, had in the institutionalization of the modern discipline of international law in the Americas. On the one hand, the IDI's establishment as an elite Eurocentric organization with a missionary imperial approach to the promotion and reform of international law, generated resonances across the Americas, inspiring the creation of the American Institute of International Law (AIIL). On the other hand, the AIIL emerged as a reaction to the IDI, insofar as the former promoted juridical values based on the idea of American international law and a distinctive sense of U.S. and continental legal exceptionalism. The essay argues that the institutionalization of international law in the Americas was both inspired by the Eurocentric imperial and elitist legal approach promoted by the IDI, and the desire to forge a distinctive Western Hemispheric counterpart: a continental American international law.
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Ballone, Angela. "Foreign law without borders in the early vast America." Tijdschrift voor Rechtsgeschiedenis / Revue d'histoire du droit / The Legal History Review 89, no. 1-2 (June 15, 2021): 212–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718190-12340007.

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Summary This work addresses the circulation of legal literature from the Hispanic world into the British Atlantic during the 18th century and within the broader context of the Americas. It wants to break free from the dichotomy between British and Hispanic Atlantic by looking at the early Americas as a space where legal literature moved across borders. The case study analyzed in this work is that of the 17th century Spanish jurist Juan de Solórzano Pereira and its circulation in the British Atlantic. By analyzing the writings of a number of legal practitioners from the British Atlantic (such as James Otis, James Abercromby, and Adam Smith), I discuss the extent to which their knowledge of Solórzano’s work showed a transnational approach when discussing the relationship between the thirteen American colonies and their British mother-country. This study calls scholars’ attention to a number of networks of circulation for legal literature that possibly had more influence than has usually been acknowledged on the legal history of the United States of America. Ultimately, the article shows that much is left to discover about the practical, generative, aspects of legal history in an early modern scenario where Europe and the Americas need to be seen in more nuanced and balanced ways.
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ESQUIROL, JORGE L. "Alejandro Álvarez's Latin American Law: A Question of Identity." Leiden Journal of International Law 19, no. 4 (December 2006): 931–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156506003700.

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This essay focuses on Alejandro Álvarez's seminal article, ‘Latin America and International Law’, published in 1909 in the American Journal of International Law. Offering and in-depth analysis of the text, it foregrounds the strategic meaning of Álvarez's work in the light of the international politics of his day. It posits that, more than simply a diplomatic history of Latin American particularity, Álvarez presents the case for a different hemispheric international order, based on an ‘American international law’ extending to the United States. He draws primarily an Latin American Precedents – based on historical and stituational commonalities – to argue for a common public law. He then grafts an idiosyncratic interpretation of the Monroe Doctrine as the United States' main contribution to this common law, as well as the fact of US sponsorship of various Americas-wide conferences resulting in the ratification of regional treaties. Notably, and this is one of the main points of this is one of the main points of this essay, Álvarez elevates certain Latin American states as leaders in regional international law and capable agents of its enforcement across the hemisphere. In short, this essay advances the claim that Álvarez's project of pan-American law in effect entreats the United States to share its hegemony and wield its power in the region jointly with Latin America's ‘better-constituted’ states.
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Ramos Barros, Patrícia, and Roberto Dalledone Machado Filho. "One Cuba is Enough." Cadernos do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito – PPGDir./UFRGS 17 (December 13, 2022): 14–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/2317-8558.128821.

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Despite the contribution of new streams in international law scholarship, the decades of the Cold War remain underexplored in Latin American current historiography. Removing the geopolitical conflict from the centrality of historiographic analysis, the present article aims to understand the operation of international law in the Cold War through Latin American regional dynamics. Through the reading of the articles on “collective security” published in some international law journals during the period of the Cold War (American Journal of International Law and the Mexican Foro Internacional), this article recounts the history of the jurisdictional conflict between regional and universal organizations. It demonstrates that the history of collective security in the hemisphere begins as experiment in formalization of the long and distinct American tradition in international law. The defense of this tradition served as a basis to formalize or legalize the projection of US power in the Americas. Latin Americans responded to this push first by endorsing the creation of a regional organization and a collective security arrangement, later by using law as a strategy to advance their position. However, as collective security increasingly became a justification for violations of the UN Charter, solidarity among American republics faded and cooperation, despite a regional treaty, became virtually impossible. The regional agreement thus proved to be both an enabler and an obstacle for this strategy. Thus, we conclude that the history of the International Law in Latin American during the Cold War was also the history of the demise of American International Law. KEYWORDS: Cold War. Latin America; International Law; Collective Security.
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Schwarz, Philip J., and Alan Watson. "Slave Law in the Americas." Journal of the Early Republic 11, no. 1 (1991): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3123342.

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Gabriel, Henry, and Alan Watson. "Slave Law in the Americas." American Journal of Legal History 35, no. 1 (January 1991): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/845590.

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Palmer, Colin, and Alan Watson. "Slave Law in the Americas." American Historical Review 97, no. 2 (April 1992): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2165734.

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Knight, Franklin W., and Alan Watson. "Slave Law in the Americas." Hispanic American Historical Review 71, no. 2 (May 1991): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2515659.

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Tushnet, Mark, and Alan Watson. "Slave Law in the Americas." Journal of American History 77, no. 4 (March 1991): 1331. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2078279.

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Knight, Franklin W. "Slave Law in the Americas." Hispanic American Historical Review 71, no. 2 (May 1, 1991): 389–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00182168-71.2.389a.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Americas - law"

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Scarfi, Juan Pablo. "International law and pan-Americanism in the Americas, 1890-1942." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648513.

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Fensom, Meredith. "Judicial reform in the Americas the case of Chile /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0006263.

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Filippidis, Mariel Solange. "Developing a dispute settlement system for the free trade area of the Americas : a comparison of some aspects of the dispute settlement mechanisms of the GATTWTO and certain regional and bilateral dispute settlement systems of the western hemisphere." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21680.

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Within the context of the current negotiations over the Free Trade Area of the Americas, there is an unquestionable need to create a system to resolve disputes that may arise between the state parties. Since new dispute settlement systems are often developed by borrowing and learning from past experiences, this thesis examines and compares certain aspects of the dispute settlement mechanisms of the World Trade Organization and certain regional and bilateral agreements signed in the western hemisphere. The result of the analysis is a set of proposals about which of these aspects could be effectively integrated into the design of the dispute settlement system of the Free Trade Area of the Americas.
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Lee, John Jong-Pyo. "Equipping lay shepherds for a Korean-American church in America." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.

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Orique, David Thomas 1959. "The unheard voice of law in Bartolome de Las Casas's "Brevisima relacion de la destruicion de las Indias"." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/11616.

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xiv, 485 p.
The organizing principle of this dissertation is that Las Casas's most famous work, the Brevisima relacion , is primarily an intricately reasoned legal argument against the excesses of early Spanish colonialism rather than a fiery polemical diatribe by the "first human rights activist." Contrary to such anachronistic (though enduringly popular) characterization, this study employs a historical perspective to view this influential text as belonging to the genres of the early modern juridical tradition. Accordingly, this investigation begins by examining the historical matrix of fifteenth-century and early sixteenth-century Spain to properly contextualize Las Casas's early life and certain initial colonial institutions of the Spanish Indies. Similarly, his juridical expertise is firmly rooted in an explication of his contemporaneous formation in canon law and theology. From these foundational strands of his life and work, his maturing juridical voice spoke most decisively in certain of the major debates among Spanish jurists, theologians, and politicians--as well as in the Brevísima relación --in the wake of the Iberian "discovery" of what was for all concerned a physical as well as philosophical "New World." The combined focus of subsequent chapters elucidates the fundamentally juridical dimensions of the text, beginning with the specific context accompanying its genesis in 1542 until its publication a decade later. The treatise's legal character as an official publication based on various evidentiary sources is further revealed by the text's triple function--to inform, to denounce, and to petition, which in turn corresponds to the genres of relaciones, denuncias , and peticiones of the civil juridical tradition. The Brevísima relación 's content unveils far more than this; the epistemological rationale and analytic framework are intimately linked to canonistic, Thomistic, and biblical genres of the ecclesial juridical tradition. Continuing this historical investigation, the concluding chapter demonstrates anew the fundamental grounding of Las Casas's approach in the vibrant first generations of juristic discourse of the so-called Spanish colonial era. His multifaceted juridical voice was distinctively encoded in a powerful melding of civil and ecclesial legal traditions. This dissertation intends to communicate this voice intelligibly with the proper accents of the past.
Committee in charge: Dr. Robert Haskett, Chairperson; Dr. Carlos Aguirre, Member; Dr. Stephanie Wood, Member; Dr. David Luebke, Member; Dr. Stephen Shoemaker, Outside Member
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Arthur, Susan B. "Atticus and the Law." Ohio Dominican University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=odu1607169386802922.

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Pérez-León, Acevedo Juan Pablo. "The inconvenience of the reasonable person standard in criminal law." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115936.

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Following American legal sources, I argue that the use of the reasonable person standard in criminal law is inaccurate and unfair, and, therefore, inconvenient to evaluate human behaviour based on three arguments which address flaws of the standard under analysis. Firstly, this standard is  by definition  abstract, theoretical  and  general, not  reflecting appropriately the person’s sensory and ideational perception of the situation. Secondly, the trend in American legislation and case-law is to apply, in criminal cases, e.g., self-defence, a hybrid criterion, which consists in the consideration of a person’s belief and the correspondence of such a belief to what a reasonable person would believe under the circumstances, as opposed to a purely objective standard. The principle of individual criminal culpability underlies this. Thirdly, the reasonable person standard imposes a sort of majority’s dictatorship by perpetuating a predominant culture disregarding the viewpoints from minority groups.
Siguiendo fuentes jurídicas americanas, sostengo que el uso del estándar de la persona razonable en derecho penal es inexacto e injusto y, por lo tanto, inconveniente para evaluar conducta humana sobre la base de tres argumentos que abordan las imperfecciones del estándar bajo análisis. Primero, este estándar es por definición abstracto, teórico y general y no refleja apropiadamente la percepción sensorial y cognitiva de la situación. Segundo, la tendencia en legislación y jurisprudencia americanas, en casos penales, por ejemplo, defensa propia, es el uso de un criterio híbrido, el cual consiste en la consideración de la creencia de la persona y la correspondencia de dicha creencia con lo que la persona razonable creería bajo las circunstancias, lo que es opuesto a un estándar puramente objetivo. Tercero, el estándar de la persona razonable impone una suerte de dictadura de la mayoría al perpetuar una cultura predominante sin considerar los puntos de vista de los grupos minoritarios.
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Carda, Jeanelle Marie. "Wiccan Marriage and American Marriage Law: Interactions." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/rs_theses/17.

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This project considers the ways in which Wiccan marriage and American marriage law interact with each other. The thesis examines certain aspects of the history of 20th-century American marriage law, the concurrent development of contemporary marriage ritual in Wicca, developing problems in this area, and possible solutions. In particular, the project focuses on the recognition of religious groups and their officials as they are authorized by state and federal law to perform marriages and how this process has affected Wiccan ritual.
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Carda, Jeanelle. "Wiccan marriage and American marriage law Interactions /." unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11192008-103902/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2008.
Title from file title page. Timothy Renick, committee chair ; Kathryn McClymond, Jonathan Herman, committee members. Electronic text (58 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 19, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 50-58).
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Costello, Damian M. "Honor and Caritas: Bartolomé De Las Casas, Soldiers of Fortune, and the Conquest of the Americas." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1375380700.

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Books on the topic "Americas - law"

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Watson, Alan. Slave law in the Americas. Athens, Ga: University of Georgia Press, 1989.

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Swenson, Russell George, and Carolina Sancho Hirane. Intelligence management in the Americas. Washington, DC: NI Press, Center for Strategic Intelligence Research, National Intelligence University, 2015.

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Júnior, José Tavares de Araújo. Antidumping in the Americas. Santiago, Chile: United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, Division of Integration and International Trade, 2001.

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Richmond Law & Tax., ed. Financial services regulation in the Americas. Richmond, U.K: Richmond Law & Tax, 2004.

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Guillermo, López-Escobar, Pan American Health Organization, and United Nations Population Fund, eds. Salud reproductiva en las Americas. Washington, D.C: Organización Panaméricana de la Salud, OPS/OMS, 1992.

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Canadian Council on International Law. Conference. Canada and the Americas =: Le Canada et le Amériques. Ottawa, Ont: Canadian Council on International Law = Conseil canadien de droit international, 1991.

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Boris, Kozolchyk, ed. Making free trade work in the Americas. Tucson, Ariz: National Law Center for Inter-American Trade, 1993.

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Library of Congress. Library of Congress classification. KDZ, KG-KH. Law of the Americas, Latin America, and the West Indies. 2nd ed. Washington, D.C: Library of Congress, Cataloging Distribution Service, 2000.

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Library of Congress. Library of Congress classification. KDZ, KG-KH. Law of the Americas, Latin America, and the West Indies. 2nd ed. Washington, DC: Library of Congress, Cataloging Distribution Service, 2008.

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D, Drennan Robert, and Mora Camargo Santiago, eds. Archaeological research and heritage preservation in the Americas. Washington, D.C: Society for American Archaeology, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Americas - law"

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Gifra, Laura Planas. "Securitizing migration in the Americas." In Law, Security and Migration, 79–91. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003458159-7.

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Hing, Bill Ong. "Federal Regulatory Policymaking and Enforcement of Immigration Law." In Compassionate Migration and Regional Policy in the Americas, 53–69. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-55074-3_5.

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Schaefer, Peter F., and P. Clayton Schaefer. "Property, the Rule of Law, and Development in the Americas." In Can Latin America Compete?, 197–213. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230610477_11.

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Burbano Herrera, Clara, Yves Haeck, and Alessandra Cuppini. "Transformative Provisional Measures and Prisons in the Americas: Protecting the Invisibles." In Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice, 141–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11484-7_7.

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García-Corrochano Moyano, Luis. "Competence and Jurisdiction in Public International Law: International Courts in the Americas." In International Courts and the Development of International Law, 149–64. The Hague, The Netherlands: T. M. C. Asser Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-6704-894-1_12.

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Tomlins, Christopher. "The Legalities of English Colonizing: Discourses of European Intrusion upon the Americas, c. 1490–1830." In Law and Politics in British Colonial Thought, 51–70. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230114388_4.

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Uprimny, Rodrigo, and Diana Esther Guzmán. "Seeking Alternatives to Repression: Drug Policies and the Rule of Law in Colombia." In Drug Policies and the Politics of Drugs in the Americas, 87–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29082-9_6.

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Roithmayr, Daria, Justin Chin, Fei Fang, and Bruce Levin. "The Cat and Mouse of Getting Around the Law." In Proceedings of the 2019 International Conference of The Computational Social Science Society of the Americas, 73–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77517-9_6.

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Flávia, Piovesan, Jubilut Liliana Lyra, and Casagrande Melissa Martins. "Regional Developments: Americas." In The 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and its 1967 Protocol 2e. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192855114.003.0008.

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This chapter covers how the Americas have developed regional instruments to enhance refugee law and protection. It details the region's response in the drafting of the 1951 Convention and the Convention’s implementations and of regional developments and trends in North America and Latin America. After the approval of the 1951 Convention and the 1967 Protocol, refugee law and protection had been improved through regional developments. The chapter examines the developments concerning the debates and practices of the refugee concept under the new forced migration development and the adoption of new universal norms and governance guidelines on the refugee regime. It acknowledges the adoption of the Cartagena Declaration and its review documents as a sign of progress.
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José H, Fischel de Andrade. "Part III Regional Regimes, Ch.17 Regional Refugee Regimes: Latin America." In The Oxford Handbook of International Refugee Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198848639.003.18.

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This chapter shows how Latin America has played a rather innovative and creative role in the development of regional political asylum and refugee regimes. It reviews both the historical contribution of Latin America’s political asylee and refugee sub-regimes, and the region’s protection situation and key challenges. The chapter aims to answer the following questions: what is the concept of the prevailing asylum regime in Latin America and what are its sub-regimes? What is the current protection legal framework in the region? What is the institutional framework and its contribution to the protection of asylum seekers, political asylees, and refugees in Latin America? What are the major protection challenges currently faced by the region? In terms of its regional coverage, it considers that, of the 35 independent States of the Americas that are members of the Organization of American States, 20 of these may be regarded as Latin American States—that is, bearers of Spanish, Portuguese, or French cultural and linguistic heritage.
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Conference papers on the topic "Americas - law"

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Lapunzina, Alejandro. "Crónica de un desencuentro: Le Corbusier en las Américas." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.985.

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Resumen: La relación de Le Corbusier con el continente americano abarca virtualmente toda su vida activa. Plasmada en una veintena de viajes trasatlánticos y en un conjunto heterogéneo de propuestas, proyectos y obras, esta relación estuvo marcada por frecuentes malentendidos y desencuentros que condicionaron la concreción de algunos de sus proyectos. No obstante, el valor de su obra americana, representada por dos obras extraordinarias –la Casa Curutchet en Argentina y el Carpenter Center en Estados Unidos— y por una serie de proyectos notables que no llegaron a materializarse, merece un tratamiento específico. Este artículo está dedicado a presentar una síntesis de la relación y recíproco desencuentro entre Le Corbusier y el continente americano. Abstract: The relationship between Le Corbusier and the American continent virtually encompasses his entire professional life. Embodied by about twenty transatlantic trips and a series of heterogeneous projects and buildings, this relationship was marked by frequent misunderstandings that conditioned the materialization of some of his projects. However, the significance of Le Corbusier’s work for the Americas, represented by two extraordinary buildings –the Curutchet House in Argentina and the Carpenter Center in the United States— and by a series of noteworthy projects that remained unbuilt, deserves special consideration. This article is dedicated to present an outline of the relationship and reciprocal misunderstanding between Le Corbusier and the American continent. Palabras clave: Américas; Planes urbanos; Casa Curutchet; Carpenter Center; Viajes y Proyectos. Keywords: Americas; Urban Plans; Curutchet House; Carpenter Center; Travels and Projects. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.985
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Kadarsih, Hening, Ferdinal Ferdinal, and Zurmailis Zurmailis. "White Americans’ Dehumanization Toward American Indians in John Steinbeck’s The Pearl." In International Conference on Social Sciences, Humanities, Economics and Law. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.5-9-2018.2281034.

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Sanders, Susan. "Shopping, Surfing, and Sightseeing: Lessons from the City of Choice, Branson, Missouri." In 1995 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.1995.47.

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Branson, the largest in the cluster of small towns in the southwestern section of Missouri has become the fastest growing, particularly in terms of greatest tax revenue, in the state as well as the Number One Coach Destination for American vacationers and the Number Two Vacation Destination in America, just behind Disney World in Orlando and just ahead of the Mall of America in Minneapolis. 4500 miles from Lisbon, nestled in the foothills of the Ozark Mountains, the once sleepy little town of Branson, with an actual population 3706, is now the “country music capital of the universe,” as so stated in 1991 by Morley Safer on the Number One news show “60 Minutes.” This presentation will examine Branson, Missouri as an emblematic “City of Choice” in which the future public realm in America is designed by and constructed with an architecture of entertaining leisurely delights and an urban space confined to the interior of the automobile which seem to embody and epitomize our post-industrial desires as we search for “souvenirs of experience.” If, the apparent “success” of Disney World, Mall of America and Las Vegas portend of a society that regards shopping as a cultural engagement, leisure as a means of self-definition and history as a passive theme-park experience, then one can propose that Americans love to shop, surf and sightsee. It will be the assumption of this paper that Americans love to shop, to shop in the traditional sense; to surf as it applies and extends shopping, thereby making it the most pervasive paradigm for the exercise of choice; and to sightsee as it is a spectator activity similar to TV watching and auto-driving in America.
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Xu, Biao, and Di Zhou. "Three dimensional adaptive dynamic surface guidance law accounting for autopilot lag." In 2014 American Control Conference - ACC 2014. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acc.2014.6859507.

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Krug, Lindsey. "Corpus Comunis: precedent, privacy, and the United States Supreme Court, in seven architectural case studies." In 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.57.

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Following World War II, as America grappled with the cultural revolution of the 1950s and 60s and defining its identity domestically and on the world stage, a core tenet of American life bubbled to the surface of political, social, and aesthetic discourse: privacy. Once the revelry of the Allies’ win in the World War cooled into the precarity of the Cold War, American democracy and the culture it afforded its citizens were positioned and advertised, first and foremost, in opposition to the totalitarian government and culture of the Soviet Union. In her book Pursuing Privacy in Cold War America (2002), American literature scholar Deborah Nelson attributes the eulogizing of privacy that emerged in Cold War America to heightened national security discourse and the accompanying fear of the Eastern Bloc.1 The trajectory of American life would be forever shaped by this discourse, and nowhere is its lasting influence more evident than in two layers of American infrastructure: law and the built environment. Conceptually, privacy presents a straightforward notion, so much so that it’s often defined and understood in a binary condition: that which is not public. However, the public versus private dichotomy quickly dissolves when presented in legal and architectural contexts. Perhaps surprisingly, the word privacy does not appear in the United States Constitution and, thus, has not always been a guar-anteed, fundamental right. Privacy was first acknowledged as a right bestowed in America’s founding documents in the U.S. Supreme Court (SCOTUS) case of Griswold v. Connecticut (1965). This case granted married couples the right to use contraception on the grounds that this was within the confines of their private lives and not to be meddled with by the government. Justice William Douglas wrote for the Court’s majority: “Specific guarantees in the Bill of Rights have penumbras, formed by emanations from those guarantees that help give them life and substance. Various guarantees create zones of privacy.”2 Exceedingly spatial in this description, these shadowy zones of implied privacy rights can be located in the First, Third, Fourth, Ninth, or Fourteenth Amendments, or some combination therein, depending on constitutional interpretation. In the discipline of architecture, where we construct and delineate private and public spaces, it’s worth mapping the evolution of legal privacy with the evolution of private space. Where do these zones of privacy exist spatially, and how are they occupied? How can we begin to characterize the role of architecture, past and present, as good or bad, antagonistic or protective, and as an active player in this discourse? Using digital modeling and imaging tools, Corpus Comunis assembles and excavates material from a lineage of seven Supreme Court cases from 1965 to 2022 to establish a cohesive visual language through which we can speculate on how law and architecture together have, and may continue to, define the extents of our private, interior lives.
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Lis, Edyta. "Rule of law, democracy and human rights in the light of Advisory Opinion OC-28/21 of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights." In Naděje právní vědy 2022. University of West Bohemia, Czech Republic, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/zcu.nadeje.2022.360-370.

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One of the characteristics of the Latin American systemic landscape is the widespread presidentialism. The position of the executive is very strong, with certain law-making powers. Most constitutions of member states of OAS provide for a fixed term of presidential re-election but few of them provide for reelections without a defined limit. Each of these solutions has its own pros and cons. However, the indefinite presidential reelection raises considerable doubts. It may pose a threat to the proper functioning of the state, dismantling democratic oversight, undermine effective exercise of political rights, weaken the institutions and mechanism indispensable for protecting individuals and is contrary to the principle of representative democracy. Human rights, democracy, rule of law go hand in hand and lie at the heart of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights case law. This inextricable link was once again stressed by the IACHR in its advisory opinion on the indefinite presidential reelection in presidential systems in the context of the inter-American system of human rights. The opinion proves that the Court, through its jurisprudence, contributes to enhancement and promotion of the rule of law and the principle of democracy in Latin America.
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Yunlan Chen and Nan Li. "Application of irregular conduct theory in American Patent Law." In 2010 International Conference on Future Information Technology and Management Engineering (FITME). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fitme.2010.5656295.

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8

Chun-lin Wang. "How to regulate computer crime in America criminal law." In 2011 International Conference on Computer Science and Service System (CSSS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/csss.2011.5974563.

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9

Figueroa Pereira, Erick Abdel. "Grandes eventos como oportunidades de transformación urbana: los VI Juegos Panamericanos de 1971 en Santiago de Cali." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Maestría en Planeación Urbana y Regional. Pontificia Universidad Javeriana de Bogotá, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.6021.

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En 1967 la Organización Deportiva Panamericana (ODEPA) otorgó a la ciudad de Cali (Colombia) el derecho a organizar los VI Juegos Panamericanos de 1971, el principal evento deportivo itinerante del continente americano. Este trabajo se propuso responder a la siguiente pregunta: ¿cómo fue la relación entre el plan de obras para la realización del certamen y los procesos del planeamiento urbano de Cali? Para determinar hasta qué punto el evento produjo transformación urbana significativa, se utilizaron dos enfoques: 1. el sincrónico, aplicado a la descripción y el análisis de los distintos planes urbanos comprendidos entre 1943 y 1971; 2. el diacrónico, que examinó las principales actuaciones en urbanismo y arquitectura realizadas desde los sectores público y privado. In 1967 the Pan American Sports Organization (PASO) awarded the city of Cali (Colombia) the right to host the sixth Pan American Games of 1971, the most important sporting event in the Americas. This paper aims to answer the following question: how was the relationship between the work plan for conducting the event and the urban planning processes in Cali? To determine the extent to which the event produced significant urban transformation, two approaches were used. 1. Synchronous, applied to the description and analysis of different urban plans between 1943 and 1971; 2. Diachronic, which examined the main activities in urban planning and architecture made from the public and private sectors.
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Canna, Romina. "Entre el método y la teoría: el debate disciplinar por la definición de las autopistas urbanas en Estados Unidos." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Barcelona: Instituto de Arte Americano. Universidad de Buenos Aires, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.5972.

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A mitad del siglo XX, el futuro de la ciudad americana se debate entre el pragmatismo de un método y la utopía de una teoría. Este artículo explora la validez de los instrumentos disciplinares surgidos entre ingenieros y urbanistas a partir de la construcción del sistema de autopistas interestatales en Estados Unidos, más específicamente, en el seno de la ciudad. Los años comprendidos entre 1956 y 1962 marcan un cambio radical en la forma de la ciudad americana, pero más importante aquí, reafirman las estructuras profesionales tras su construcción. Tres conferencias, Hartford (1957), Sagamore (1958) y Hershey (1962) son el escenario de un feroz debate disciplinar, y un intento del urbanismo por recuperar el territorio perdido, aún cuando los nuevos constructores de la ciudad ya ocupan, cómodamente, sus lugares. In the middle of the twentieth century, the American city debated its future between the pragmatism of a method and the utopia of a theory. This article explores the debate over the validity of disciplinary tools that emerged between engineers and urban planners from the construction of the Interstate Highway System in the United States, more specifically, in the heart of the American city. The years between 1956 and 1962 marked a radical change in the shape of the American city, but more importantly, these years would mark the reaffirmation of the professional structures behind its construction. Three conferences, Hartford (1957), Sagamore (1958) and Hershey (1962) would be the stage of a ferocious disciplinary debate, and an attempt by the discipline of urban planning to recover lost territory, even while the new builders of the city were already occupying their places.
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Reports on the topic "Americas - law"

1

Claro de la Maza, Jorge, and Roberto Camblor. Government Procurement and Free Trade in the Americas. Inter-American Development Bank, January 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008614.

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Governments in many countries -at all levels of development- struggle with increasing budget deficits and soaring national debts. Over the last century, government spending, as a percentage of gross domestic product has tended to increase and with it has increased the range of services offered by governments and the volume of public procurement resulting from it. The growth in public procurement has been accompanied by a growth in public procurement legislation. As the public sector grew, a need made itself to seek assistance form the private sector to provide public services on a contractual and sub-contractual basis. In various countries, especially those characterized by a civil law system, government contracts took on a peculiar nature, distinct from private contracts constituting a distinct legal category, separated form private contracts rules concerning contract formation, termination, settlement of disputes and other situations. As public procurement grew in volume and value, so did its importance to employment and the national economy. In most countries, the early procurement laws were protective of domestic industry. At the same time, competition for public business grew among nationals in step with the growth of public expenditure devoted to procurement of goods and services. These laws recognized the right of nationals to be treated equally, to have equal access to public contracts. As a result, the standard method of procurement would consist in an advertised opportunity for all interested firms to bid for public contracts on auction basis.
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Reis, João. Slaves Who Owned Slaves in Nineteenth-Century Bahia, Brazil. Maria Sibylla Merian International Centre for Advanced Studies in the Humanities and Social Sciences Conviviality-Inequality in Latin America, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46877/reis.2021.36.

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It was not uncommon in Brazil for slaves to own slaves. Slaves as masters of slaves existed in many slave societies and societies with slaves, but considering modern, chattel slavery in the Americas, Brazil seems to have been a special case where this phenomenon thrived, especially in nineteenth-century urban Bahia. The investigation is based on more than five hundred cases of enslaved slaveowners registered in ecclesiastical and manumission records in the provincial capital city of Salvador. The paper discusses the positive legal basis and common law rights that made possible this peculiar form of slave ownership. The paper relates slave ownership by slaves with the direction and volume of the slave trade, the specific contours of urban slavery, access by slaves to slave trade networks, and slave/master relations. It also discusses the web of convivial relations that involved the slaves of slaves, focusing on the ethnic and gender profiles of the enslaved master and their slaves.
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Buvinic, Mayra, and Andrew Morrison. Basic Facts about Violence. Inter-American Development Bank, July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008928.

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This document is the first one of a series of technical notes that describe the nature and magnitude of violence in the region, its causes and effects, and how it can be prevented and controlled. The notes provide useful information on designing programs and policies to prevent and deal with violence. This chapter introduces the concept of violence and it limits the scope of its definition. An important characterization to highlight is the difference between violence and a violent crime. Certain violent acts, such as domestic violence, may be against the law in some countries but lawful in other countries. Secondly, because there is a causal relationship between criminal and non-criminal violence. Violence is a learned behavior, and a main school of violence is the home, which, for the most part, is an environment where violent behavior is not viewed as unlawful. Following this line of thought, a series of facts are pointed out: the forms violence can take, who are the perpetrators, figures of violence in the Americas, and which disciplines contribute to the study of violence.
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Astesiano, Gastón, Carolina Lembo, Ancor Suárez-Alemán, Cristina Simón Morientes, Paula Castillo Martínez, Ana Beatriz Araújo, and Jaime Hurtado. Concept Note for the PPP Talk panels on Driving Inclusion and Measuring Impact. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004863.

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The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) holds the PPP Americas every two years in partnership with a national or subnational government. The regional forum brings together top professionals and public and private-sector representatives from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) to discuss groundbreaking topics and exchange ideas on planning, structuring, and managing public-private partnerships (PPPs). For the 2023 conference, the IDB is holding three preparatory events - the PPP Talks before the main event. During the PPP Talks, invited experts will lay the groundwork for the discussions to be held during the conference. The third PPP Talk will consist of two panels on May 4th, 2023: Driving Inclusion and Measuring Impact, both topics are part of the thematic agenda of PPP Americas 2023. This Concept Note provides the conceptual framework of the two themes discussed during these panels. In addition, this note offers descriptions of key concepts, as well as the main opportunities and challenges that countries in Latin America and the Caribbean face in each area.
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Astesiano, Gastón, Carolina Lembo, Cristina Simón Morientes, and Paula Castillo Martínez. Concept Note for the PPP Talk panels on Climate Investment and Digital Transformation. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004573.

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The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) holds the PPP Americas every two years in partnership with a national or subnational government. The regional forum brings together top professionals and public and private-sector representatives from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) to discuss groundbreaking topics and exchange ideas on planning, structuring, and managing public-private partnerships (PPPs). For the 2023 conference, the IDB is holding three preparatory events - the PPP Talks before the main event. During the PPP Talks, invited experts will lay the groundwork for the discussions to be held during the conference. The first PPP Talk will consist of two panels on December 1st, 2022: Climate Investment and Digital Transformation both topics are part of the thematic agenda of PPP Americas 2023. This Concept Note provides the conceptual framework of the two themes discussed during these panels. In addition, this note offers descriptions of key concepts, as well as the main opportunities and challenges that countries in Latin America and the Caribbean face in each area.
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Manson, Janet. International law, German Submarines and American Policy. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2489.

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Almorjan, Dr Abdulrazaq, Dr Kyounggon Kim, and Ms Norah Alilwit. NAUSS Ransomware Trends Report in Arab Countries 2020-2022. Naif University Press, January 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.26735/orro4624.

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Threat actors, including infamous cybercrime groups and financially driven ransomware gangs, have focused on Arab countries› businesses and organizations as they grow and move toward digital transformation. In particular, ransomware is a very serious type of cyber-attack worldwide, and many organizations are severely affected by it. INTERPOL indicates that the ransomware gangs are targeting different regions such as Africa, Americas, Caribbean, Asia-Pacific, Europe, Middle East, and North Africa 1. The Center of Excellence in Cybercrime and Digital Forensics (CoECDF) at NAUSS has conducted a deep web search, collecting, analyzing, and classifying data on ransomware gangs targeting Arab countries and organizations from 2020 to 2022. We have collected the information of ransomware victims through the darknet and dark web, focusing on leaked information. This report focuses on the Arab countries, organizations, and sectors victimized by ransomware gangs and whose information has been leaked on the darknet. Moreover, it investigated ransomware gangs that carried out cyberattacks against Arab countries, and the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) they were using. The number of organizations that are attacked by ransomware gangs is increasing significantly. Some organizations pay ransom to ransomware gangs in order not to publish their information on the darknet. As a result of not paying the ransom demanded by the ransomware gangs, certain organizations and countries had their private and sensitive data leaked to the dark web. The purpose of this report is to help law enforcement agencies combat ransomware cyberattacks by providing them with insights into the evolving tactics of ransomware gangs. By understanding how these gangs operate, law enforcement agencies can better prepare to combat and respond to ransomware attacks.
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Clark, John. Competition Law and Policy in El Salvador: A Peer Review. Inter-American Development Bank, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011354.

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The OECD has been active in promoting competition policy among countries in Latin America and the Caribbean and formed a partnership with the Inter-American Development Bank to further this aim. The principal feature of this partnership has been the annual Latin American Competition Forum (LACF), at which senior officials from countries in the region discuss, in roundtable fashion, issues of competition policy of interest to them. El Salvador volunteered to be peer reviewed at the sixth LACF meeting, held in Panama, on 10-11 September 2008. This review examines El Salvador's competition law and policy: content and application of the competition law and enforcement structure and practices; the limits of competition policy; and promotes competition advocacy.
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Villa Zárate, Javier, Daniel Vieitez Martínez, Carlos Mondragón, Miguel Á. Martínez, and Jaime Pérez. Selection Criteria for PPP Projects: Determinants of Value Generation in the Use of Public Resources (Value for Money). Inter-American Development Bank, September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003615.

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The Discussion Papers PPP Americas 2021 are a series of documents written to prepare for PPP Americas tenth edition. The event is the most important forum on Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), organized every two years by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). Driven by PPP Americas 2021, we gathered eight thematic groups were, with specialists, professionals, consultants, and scholars engaged directly in the preparation, identification, structuration, and management of PPP infrastructure projects in countries of the region. IDB specialists coordinated the groups to review the main hot topics on PPP projects for social and economic infrastructure, aiming to exchange experiences, debate successful cases and lessons learned. The present Discussion Paper, “Selection Criteria for PPP Projects,” collects the main conclusions and recommendations discussed by the group and intends to consolidate a knowledge exchange environment in infrastructure and PPP inside the region, offering best practices on infrastructure projects selection and value generation in the use of public resources in Latin America and the Caribbean.
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Bodenhorn, Howard, Carolyn Moehling, and Anne Morrison Piehl. Immigration: America's nineteenth century "law and order problem"? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16266.

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