Academic literature on the topic 'American Foundation on Automation and Employment'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'American Foundation on Automation and Employment.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "American Foundation on Automation and Employment"
1
Hamilton, Leah, Mathieu Despard, Stephen Roll, Dylan Bellisle, Christian Hall, and Allison Wright. "Does Frequency or Amount Matter? An Exploratory Analysis the Perceptions of Four Universal Basic Income Proposals." Social Sciences 12, no. 3 (February 27, 2023): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci12030133.
Full textAbstract:
Advocates for a Universal Basic Income (UBI) argue that it would provide citizens with a basic foundation for financial security, boost the economy, alleviate poverty, encourage entrepreneurship, reduce crime, and insulate the employment sector against job losses due to automation. Still, the idea lags in popularity in the United States compared to existing cash policies such as the annual Earned Income Tax Credit and one-time COVID-19 relief packages. We hypothesize that this disparity is related to predicted uses of a UBI in comparison to annual or lump sum cash programs. In this survey of 836 Americans, we explore whether predicted behavioral responses to four randomly assigned hypothetical cash transfer scenarios vary across the domains of amount and frequency. Respondents are more likely to associate monthly payments with work disincentives and lump-sum transfers with debt repayment. Implications for UBI advocates include the need to continue educating the public on the empirical associations between UBI, employment, and expenditures.
2
Ethridge, Glacia, Angel Riddick Dowden, and Michael Brooks. "The Impact of Disability and Type of Crime on Employment Outcomes of African American and Latino Offenders." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 48, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.48.4.46.
Full textAbstract:
Individuals with criminal histories who struggle to gain employment may choose to turn to illegal activity or seek state and federal program assistance to support themselves and their families. African Americans and Hispanic/Latinos with disabilities and criminal histories experience barriers (i.e., disability, criminal history, and race/ethnicity) that often prevent them from obtaining or maintaining competitive integrated employment. The purpose of this article was to examine the extant literature pertinent to disability and criminal history as employment obstacles among African American and Hispanic/Latino ex-offenders. As the foundation, the article categorizes employment outcomes for these target population by disability and criminal history, discusses how state vocational rehabilitation agencies can develop a criminal history service delivery model to improve employment outcomes, presents implications for improving employment outcomes, and explores future research.
3
Holm, Emily, Audrey Umbreit, Kelsey Mews, and Garrett E. Schramm. "Novel Use of Text-Bot Automation for Residency Recruitment." INNOVATIONS in pharmacy 12, no. 3 (July 20, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/iip.v12i3.4029.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose. To describe the employment of an automated text messaging text-bot during the 2019 American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) Midyear Clinical Meeting Residency Showcase and its impact on the number of applications received for the postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) and postgraduate year 2 (PGY2) pharmacy residency programs at a medium-sized community hospital. Methods. Visitors at the residency showcase booth were asked to text a code word to a program number. The text-bot collected the visitor’s contact information and program of interest (PGY1 or PGY2). A series of automated messages were sent to all visitors following the showcase and up until the residency application deadline. Results. 71% (20/28) of visitors to the program’s showcase booth registered with the text-bot and of these, 65% (13/20) submitted applications to the residency program in phase I of the match. Both the PGY1 and PGY2 programs saw an increase in the amount of applications received compared to previous year. Conclusion. A text messaging text-bot may be a useful residency recruitment tool.
4
de Aragão Aleksandravicius, Gabriel, Ana Clara Loureiro Cruz, Carolina Niklaus Moreira da Rocha Rodrigues, Gabriela Lemos Lúcidi Pinhão, Pedro Henrique Goes Afonso, Rodrigo Coura Torres, and José Manoel Seixas. "Enhancing data consistency in ATLAS and CERN HR databases through automated synchronization." EPJ Web of Conferences 295 (2024): 05004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202429505004.
Full textAbstract:
As the largest particle physics laboratory in the world, it is no surprise that CERN has a vast network of thousands of collaborators spread globally. Among CERN’s experiments, ATLAS stands out with over 6,000 active members and 300 associate institutes. This extensive community must go through the standard registering and maintenance procedures within CERN’s human resources database, called Foundation. Simultaneously, the Glance system, among other specific functions, also aims to fulfill the same objectives within the context of different CERN experiments, such as ATLAS, LHCb and ALICE. It achieves that by having its own database. Since members need to exist in the two databases, a lot of data was being duplicated. Manual updates by the ATLAS secretariat became necessary to maintain consistency over members and institutes data, such as names, employment information and authorship status. Today, the Glance system undergoes a transformative process to redefine its relationship with Foundation. The goal is to eliminate duplication of data by establishing a single source of truth. At the same time, the automation of a series of internal processes will be made to ensure synchronization between the two databases at all times, thus removing the need for manual intervention from the ATLAS secretariat. This requires some restructuring to Glance’s database, updates to the code and overall implementation of new tools that facilitate seamless communication with Foundation.
5
Kaufman, Bruce E., and Gregor Gall. "Advancing Industrial Relations Theory: An Analytical Synthesis of British-American and Pluralist-Radical Ideas." Articles 70, no. 3 (October 5, 2015): 407–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1033404ar.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryProminent writers in industrial relations (IR) have concluded the field is in significant decline, partly because of a failed theory base. The theory problem is deepened because other writers conclude developing a theory foundation for industrial relations is neither possible nor desirable. We believe advancing IR theory is both needed and possible, and take up the challenge in this paper.A long-standing problem in theorizing industrial relations has been the lack of agreement on the field’s core analytical construct. However, in the last two decades writers have increasingly agreed the field is centred on the employment relationship. Another long-standing problem is that writers have theorized industrial relations using different theoretical frames of reference, including pluralist and radical-Marxist; different disciplinary perspectives, such as economics, sociology, history, and politics; and from different national traditions, such as British, French, and American.In this paper, we seek to advance IR theory and better integrate paradigms and national traditions. We do this by developing an analytical explanation for four core features of the employment relationship—generation of an economic surplus, cooperation-conflict dialectic, indeterminate nature of the employment contract, and asymmetric authority and power in the firm—using an integrative mix of ideas and concepts from the pluralist and radical-Marxist streams presented in a multi-part diagram constructed with marginalist tools from conventional economics. The diagram includes central IR system components, such as labour market, hierarchical firm, macro-economy, and nation state government. The model is used to explain the four features of the employment relationship and derive implications for IR theory and practice. Examples include the diagrammatic representation of the size and distribution of the economic surplus, a new analytical representation of labour exploitation, identification of labour supply conditions that encourage, respectively, cooperation versus conflict, and demonstration of how inequality of bargaining power in labour markets contributes to macroeconomic stagnation and unemployment.
6
Smith, Damariyé L. "Kemetic Principles in African American Public Address: An Interrogation of the Rhetoric of Joseph C. Price and the Kemetic Tradition." Journal of Black Studies 51, no. 5 (June 17, 2020): 458–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021934720925743.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this essay is to promote the utilization of Kemetic principles in approaching African American public address. Although there have been recent studies on African American public address, the employment of the Kemetic philosophy is limited. Using the four overarching ethical principles of Kemetic rhetorical tradition as outlined by Karenga, this essay interrogates Joseph C. Price’s 1890 speech at the National Education Association national convention. A Kemetic analysis of Price’s speech reveals that African American public address endorses the dignity and rights of the human person, the well-being of family and community, the integrity and value of the environment, and the reciprocal solidarity and cooperation for the mutual benefit of humanity. This suggests that a Kemetic understanding of African American public address can (a) civically benefit the broader community because of its ethical foundation, (b) facilitate the recognition of contemporary ethical appeals in any given discourse, and (c) serve as an impetus for collective advancement toward a social justice–oriented world.
7
Hart, D. G. "The Troubled Soul of the Academy: American Learning and the Problem of Religious Studies." Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 2, no. 1 (1992): 49–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rac.1992.2.1.03a00030.
Full textAbstract:
The decade of the 1960's was important for American scholars who studied religion. Prospects for employment brightened considerably as public and private universities and Colleges created undergraduate and graduate programs in religious studies. Becoming more self-conscious about their academic identity, professors who staffed these programs founded the American Academy of Religion in 1964, an organization designed to promote scholarship and publication in religion. One index to the growing prominence of religious studies was the survey of humanistic scholarship commissioned by Princeton University's Council on the Humanities and funded by the Ford Foundation. Of the thirteen volumes in this series, two were devoted to the field of religion: Clyde A. Holbrook's Religion, A Humanistic Field (1963), and Religion (1965), a summary of the various fields in religious studies, edited by Paul Ramsey.
8
Sundar, Vidya, and Debra L. Brucker. "Personal and Organizational Determinants of Job Satisfaction for Workers With Disabilities." Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin 62, no. 3 (April 26, 2018): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0034355218770272.
Full textAbstract:
Although persons with disabilities are underrepresented in the workforce, a substantial portion of adults with disabilities does work. Job satisfaction, an important predictor of productivity, job tenure, and absenteeism, may be influenced by a unique set of personal and organizational factors for persons with disabilities. Using data from the 2015 Kessler Foundation National Employment and Disability Survey (KFNEDS), we examine personal and organizational predictors of job satisfaction for American workers with disabilities. Findings from the study suggest that educational attainment, perceived pay disparities, and supervisor attitudes are associated with job satisfaction for workers with disabilities. Coworker attitudes were not associated with job satisfaction for this population.
9
Kim, Jae-Hee. "TRANSINDIVIDUALITY AND POST-LABOR BASED ON SIMONDON AND STIEGLER." Kriterion: Revista de Filosofia 60, no. 143 (August 2019): 319–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0100-512x2019n14305jhk.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT This article aims to elucidate a philosophical foundation of a post-labor paradigm through the transindividual technical-psychic-collective culture based on Gilbert Simondon and Bernard Stiegler. Simondon predicts that the problem of the alienation of labor due to mechanical industrialization can be overcome through the spread of post-industrial technical culture based on both technical mentality and information technology (IT). In contrast, Stiegler claims that, along with information networks, hyper-industrialization rather than post-industrialization has arrived and that, in order to recover human values in a machine empire devoid of caring, the strengthening of the ability for non-automation based on automaticity is necessary. However, Simondon’s technical culture beyond labor implies a posthumanistic vision in that it assumes the capacity of technology to mediate between the preindividual and the transindividual beyond technical instrumentalism, which is anthropocentric, and opens up transductive relationships among humans and non-humans. I will argue that Stiegler’s urgent proposal that seeks to save human life from the control of a techno-capital system, such as the reinvention of work transcending employment, must be concretized within the Simondonian posthumanistic project.
10
Kostyunina, G. M. "North American Integration after 20 Years." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 2(41) (April 28, 2015): 152–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2015-2-41-152-162.
Full textAbstract:
Formation of the North American Free Trade Area (NAFTA) among the three countries - the U.S., Canada and Mexico is the most striking example of successful development of integration processes in the Western Hemisphere. This year NAFTA marks the 20th anniversary of its foundation (1994). NAFTA covers trade in goods, services and movement of capital, intellectual property rights, environmental cooperation and labor cooperation. Its main advantages for member countries related to the dynamic growth of regional trade and investments, promoting the growth of industrial production (capital-intensive and high-tech industries in the U.S. and Canada, and labor-intensive industries in Mexico), increase the investment attractiveness of the economies of member countries and the promotion of employment. But there are costs, both general and specific to the individual member countries. Common costs are primarily asymmetrical level of economic interdependence, where mutual economic relations are the most developed between the U.S. and Canada, the U.S. and Mexico, and the least developed between Mexico and Canada due to historical conditions. Other costs are the differentiation in the levels of economic development, in volumes of overall GDP and per capita, population and size of the territory. But despite the costs, integration processes are successfully developed and repeatedly raised the issue of deepening economic integration between the U.S., Canada and Mexico. So, in 2000, there was put forward the concept of creating the North American community as an economic and security community by 2010, and in 2005 proposed the idea of a common currency called the Amero. But these proposals did not come true. On the agenda - the possibility of signing a new, more expanded NAFTA+, and even in the last year - the possibility to form a customs union under NAFTA.
Books on the topic "American Foundation on Automation and Employment"
1
Westin, Alan F. Using the public library in the computer age: Present patterns, future possibilities : a National Opinion Poll survey report by the Reference Point Foundation, in co-operation with the American Library Association. Chicago: ALA Books, 1991.
Find full text
2
MacLean, Nancy. Freedom Is Not Enough: The Opening of the American Workplace (Russell Sage Foundation Books at Harvard University Press). Harvard University Press, 2006.
Find full text
3
Royster, Deirdre A. Race and the Invisible Hand: How White Networks Exclude Black Men from Blue-Collar Jobs (George Gund Foundation Book in African American Studies). University of California Press, 2003.
Find full text
4
Chancer, Lynn S., Martín Sánchez-Jankowski, and Christine Trost. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190685898.003.0001.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter provides an overview of youth unemployment. Widespread job destruction and losses in earnings precipitated by the Great Recession (2007–2009) have had an unprecedented impact on American teens and young adults. In spite of a partial economic recovery, American youth continue to experience significantly higher levels of unemployment and underemployment than older adults. Indeed, employment prospects for youth have been declining for more than two decades as a result of significant changes in the structure and nature of work. The rise of the “24/7 economy” and nonstandard work schedules, polarization between “good” and “bad” jobs, the replacement of routine manual work with automation, the steady decline in manufacturing jobs, and the rise in low-wage insecure jobs without benefits all contribute to diminished employment prospects. At the same time, the “American dream” remains a deeply embedded cultural ideology often at odds with actual problems that are increasingly encountered. Ultimately, youth face heightened socioeconomic precariousness and insecurity not only in the realm of work but also in school as the cost of a college education continues to skyrocket.
5
Reed, Christopher Robert. The Struggle for Control over Black Politics and Protest. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036231.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
The 1920s witnessed a dual black presence beyond tokenism in the chambers of the Chicago City Council as well as possessing the nation's sole black voice in the U.S. Congress. Further, the Illinois Senate, the Illinois Commerce Commission, the Cook County Municipal Court, and the Chicago Library Board accommodated a new African American membership. Among white racists, Chicago's City Hall even derisively carried the label of being “Uncle Tom's Cabin” because of extensive black employment and a small black decision-making capability. This chapter explores this occurrence. Focusing on economically regenerative politics and robust economics as integral features of the bedrock foundation for the heralded Black Metropolis, the chapter also explores the nexus of politics and nonpolitical economic protest, along with this pivotal relationship to the economic fabric of black Chicago in business, labor, associational linkages, the professions, and the underground economy.
6
Tribe, Keith. Constructing Economic Science. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190491741.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Constructing Economic Science demonstrates how an existing public discourse, political economy, was transformed in the early twentieth century into a new university discipline: economics. This change in location brought about a restructuring of economic knowledge. Finance, student numbers, curricula, teaching, new media, and the demands of employment all played their part in shaping economics as it is known today. It was broadly accepted in the later nineteenth century that industrialising economies required the skilled and specialised workforce that universities could provide. Advocacy for the teaching of commercial subjects was widespread and international. In Cambridge, Alfred Marshall was alone in arguing that economics, not commerce, provided the most suitable training for the administration and business of the future; and in 1903 he founded the first three-year undergraduate economics programme. This was by no means the end of the story, however. What economics was, how Marshall thought it should be taught, had by the 1920s become contested, and in Britain the London School of Economics gained dominance in defining the new science. By the 1930s, American universities had already moved on from undergraduate to graduate teaching, whereas in Britain university education remained focussed upon undergraduate education. At the same time, public policy was reformulated in terms of economic means and ends—relating to postwar reconstruction, employment, and social welfare—and international economics became American economics. This study charts the conditions that initially shaped the “science” of economics, providing in turn a foundation for an understanding of the way in which this new language itself subsequently transformed public policy.
Book chapters on the topic "American Foundation on Automation and Employment"
1
Martínez-Gutiérrez, Alberto, Javier Díez-González, Paula Verde, Rubén Ferrero-Guillén, and Hilde Perez. "Analysis of Navigation Algorithms for a Fleet of Mobile Robots by Means of Digital Twins." In Proceedings of the XV Ibero-American Congress of Mechanical Engineering, 412–17. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38563-6_60.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIndustrial maintenance is undergoing a process of digitalization and automation through the use of Industry 4.0 technologies. An example is the employment of digital twins which allow virtualizing assets such as a fleet of Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMR) . In this paper, we analyze two local navigation algorithms for AMRs navigation in a digitized environment: Dynamic Window Approximation (DWA) and Time Elastic Band (TEB) . For this purpose, a digital twin is implemented in the ROS ecosystem. In this environment, a combined mission of a fleet of three AMRs is simulated where they navigate together in order to compare the behavior of the algorithms in dynamic industrial environments. As a result, the trajectories of each AMR that are key for production cost planning are analyzed. Finally, we introduce in this work a web server to interact with the developed digital twin facilitating its use.
2
Estlund, Cynthia. "Creating and Conserving Work." In Automation Anxiety, 105–24. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197566107.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
Chapters 6 begins to lay out the components of a three-dimensional strategy that aims for a more balanced distribution of work and free time, as well as adequate incomes, across the society. This chapter focuses on creating and conserving decent jobs. It argues for creating public jobs largely as a byproduct of creating public goods and serving public needs. And it argues for conserving decent private sector jobs by “unburdening employment,” or shifting the cost of some worker entitlements off the platform of employment and onto a broader foundation. Both would secure a range of benefits beyond their tendency to create and conserve jobs.
3
Rothstein, William G. "Medical School Research." In American Medical Schools and the Practice of Medicine. Oxford University Press, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195041866.003.0022.
Full textAbstract:
Research in medical schools developed after World War I with specific projects funded by foundations, firms, and industries. After World War II, medical schools greatly expanded their research activities with funding from the federal government. Medical school researchers became the most important performers of research funded by the National Institutes of Health, which delegated most of its responsibility for setting research policy to academic medical researchers. Both basic science and clinical research in medical schools has been directed toward an understanding of biological processes rather than the prevention and treatment of disease. Medical school research has become a specialized activity separate from other medical school activities. Research in medical schools began in earnest after 1900 with the employment of full-time faculty members. The quantity of research was limited and the quality did not meet European standards. Erwin Chargaff reminisced that when he came to the United States in 1928, “I found a scientifically underdeveloped country dominated by an unhurried, good-natured, second-rateness. European scientists who visited the country at that time were attracted by the feeling of freedom generated by the wide open spaces and even more by the then very pleasant aroma of the dollar.” Research was at first funded from medical school endowments and grants from a few major foundations, such as the Rockefeller Foundation and the Carnegie Foundation. By the mid-1930s, about 20 private foundations had a major interest in health and spent a total of about $7 million annually for medical research and medical education. About this time also, the American Foundation for Mental Hygiene, the American Cancer Society, the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis, and other health-related associations began to fund research related to their interests. Private firms also sponsored research with direct commercial applications. In return, they used the names of the medical schools in advertisements as providing “scientific” data to support their claims. By 1940, research had become a measurable factor in medical school budgets. In that year Deitrick and Berson found that 59 of the 77 medical schools spent $3.2 million on research: 22 public medical schools spent 8.9 percent of their combined budgets of $9.5 million on research, and 37 private medical schools spent 13.0 percent of their budgets of $17.8 million on research.
4
Aguilar, Emiliano. "The Ratio of Inclusion in East Chicago, Indiana." In Building Sustainable Worlds, 204–23. University of Illinois Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252044540.003.0012.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter explores the work of the Concerned Latins Organization (CLO), an affiliate with the Industrial Areas Foundation (IAF), to gain municipal employment in East Chicago, Indiana. In the 1970s, Latinas and Latinos organized and advocated for municipal employment, particularly in East Chicago’s Fire Department. Many of the Latino and African American applicants found themselves placed on waitlists for interviews, relegated to low-ranking positions, or unable to pay the exorbitant costs that were part of the application process. The chapter details the multi-pronged effort by the CLO in the streets and the court system, to force the city to pass an affirmative action hiring plan for municipal employment. This occurred at a time when industrial employment began to decrease and was coupled by the desire for the middle-class livelihood that city employment would provide. Influenced by the tactics of Saul Alinsky and the IAF, Latinas and Latinos initiated an avid grassroots campaign to pass city ordinance allowing for the hiring of more underrepresented groups into the city’s workforce. Through analyzing the CLO’s records, local city council meeting minutes, ordinances, newspapers, and court proceedings, this chapter charts the multifaceted organizing devoted to establishing an affirmative action hiring plan. The activists in the streets and the defendants in the courts articulated for their place within the city through their occupation and the opportunities that it held.
5
Asch, Chris Myers, and George Derek Musgrove. "Washington Is a Giant Awakened." In Chocolate City. University of North Carolina Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469635866.003.0010.
Full textAbstract:
As the city boomed during the New Deal and World War II, a new generation of black activists and their allies arose to challenge Jim Crow, find decent housing, and fight for economic survival. They used new forms of protest, including boycotts, union organizing, and sit-ins, and they formed interracial alliances with a growing number of white people, in Washington and around the country, who saw racial inequality in the nation’s capital as a stain on America’s reputation. This experimentation produced mixed results at the time, but the community activism and interracial organizing of the 1930s and 1940s helped lay the foundation for the postwar civil rights movement. Nonetheless, determined white resistance at the local and federal levels largely preserved segregation in the nation’s capital during the war years. In fights against employment discrimination, segregated public spaces, and inadequate housing, racial egalitarians often achieved symbolic or small-scale victories but ultimately failed to defeat Jim Crow. Despite the sweeping rhetoric about freedom, democracy, and the “American Way” that accompanied the U.S. war effort, World War II stalled racial progress in D.C.
6
Dryfoos, Joy G. "Prevention of School Failure and Dropping Out." In Adolescents at Risk. Oxford University Press, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195072686.003.0016.
Full textAbstract:
At least three different kinds of interventions are suggested in discussions of schools and high-risk children: preventing school failure, preventing school dropouts, and finding and reinstating students who have already dropped out. The first set is touched on in the effective schools literature, assuming that improving the quality of education will result in higher achievement for all children. Thus, the interventions are primarily aimed at school reform and organization. The second set is described in the dropout prevention literature, with much more attention to individual needs and support services, along with alternative school structures. Because official dropout statistics are generally calculated only for high schools, most of the interventions are directed toward older students, although there is increasing recognition of the need for early intervention. Reinstating students in school is approached largely through employment and “recovery” programs for young people over the age of 18. Because this book is focused on 10- to 17-yearolds, the third set of interventions relating to job placement and programs for older youth will not be included. That subject has been thoroughly addressed by the Grant Foundation Commission on Work, Family, and Citizenship and other sources. The public has been deluged with studies focusing on the crisis in American education. The rationale for intensified concern is that unless the quality of education is improved we as a nation will not be able to compete with foreign countries (the Japanese educational system is most often cited as a model). One source reported that more than 275 education task forces had been organized in the mid- 1980s and “reform literature [has become] a cottage industry among scholars.” States enacted more than 700 pieces of legislation between 1983 and 1985, mostly stressing a return to basics. Most recommendations directed toward raising quality call for higher standards for graduation from high school, higher college admission standards, teacher competency tests, and changes in teacher certification requirements.
Conference papers on the topic "American Foundation on Automation and Employment"
1
Moghaddam, Yassi, Martha Russell, Josephine Yuen, and Haluk Demirkan. "Roadmap to Close the Gap Between Undergraduate Education and STEM Employment Across Industry Sectors, Further Studied." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003109.
Full textAbstract:
Driven by advances in technology and automation, work and jobs are changing rapidly, and the pace of change has supercharged in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis (McKinsey, 2021). As more and more repeatable tasks are relegated to machines, millions of existing jobs may be displaced by machines, while millions of new ones, especially in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM), may emerge where people together with machines are the engine to innovation leadership (World Economic Forum, 2020). For new STEM jobs to offset the losses, an adaptable workforce with a new and evolving set of skills is crucial now and in the future. Preparing the workforce for the STEM jobs of the future, however, requires massive upskilling, and close collaboration between industry-academia and government service systems to prepare the workforce for new and future STEM jobs.It is in this context that, in 2019, the International Society of Service Innovation Professionals (ISSIP), with support from the National Science Foundation (NSF), embarked on (what turned out to be) a two-phase research project to inform higher education leaders in the US about industry perspectives on how STEM undergraduate educational institutions might best meet industry’s expected demands for new and future skills. The first phase of the research culminated in “A Proposed Roadmap to Close the Gap Between Undergraduate Education and STEM Employment Across Industry Sectors” (Moghaddam, Kwan, Freund, Russell, 2021) where a framework for “Specialized” and “Foundational” skills required by industry for future entry-level STEM jobs was laid out. During the course of this initial phase a few ensuing research questions emerged: 1) How has the industry perspective on skills demand changed as a result of the COVID-19 crisis? (The crisis hit the US toward the tail end of the first phase.) 2) How are industry recruiters and hiring managers screening STEM graduates for both “specialized” and “foundational skills?” 3) From an industry perspective, which colleges/universities' curricula/pedagogies better align with industry demand? 4) Can a set of desirable curriculum/pedagogy attributes be developed from the findings? And, 5) How are industry recruiters using badging and certification to assess job readiness for college graduates? In this paper, the authors present mainly the findings from the second phase of their research.
2
Liutkevicius, Markko, Madis Kõosaar, and Sadok Ben Yahia. "Designing a Proof of Concept for a Virtual Competence Assistant." In 15th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1004939.
Full textAbstract:
This paper addresses the critical gaps within public employment services (PES), with a particular focus on the deficiency in automation and AI-supported intelligent career recommendations. Notably, the advancements in this public sector's domain remain in their early stages, necessitating further exploration and development. The study sheds light on the underutilization and challenges faced in the PES sector, where scarcity of training data poses significant hurdles. Highlighting the potential of ESCO (European Skills, Competences, Qualifications, and Occupations) classification, the paper underscores its role in facilitating the alignment of occupations with specific skills through AI-driven approaches. By narrowing the training data to ESCO's research occupations and job posts collected from Estonian labor market, the paper lays down the preliminary foundation for constructing a digital career coach as a Virtual Competence Assistant (VCA). Ultimately, the envisioned proof of concept for an AI-based VCA holds the potential to revolutionize the delivery of PES services in the new era of efficiency and effectiveness.
3
Bertarelli, Mario, Jorge Barrón, Grover Orellana, Juan Votruba, and Rafael Dias. "The introduction of New Rotary Steerable Technology and Automation Drive Performance Drilling in Los Monos Formation in the Subandean Region of Bolivia." In SPE Latin American and Caribbean Petroleum Engineering Conference. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/213143-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Repsol's drilling campaign in the Caipipendi Block in Bolivia faced a unique challenge to reduce well construction time while drilling through Los Monos formation. This is a challenging environment due to its instability, high rock strength and abrasiveness, while building a minimum required 3.5°/30m curve from 12 to 55 degrees while maintaining a good wellbore quality for post drilling operations. Two primary goals were targeted to accomplish this objective: reduce the planned runs to one shoe to shoe run and an come up with an engineered bottom-hole-assembly (BHA) design to tackle dogleg severity demand and wellbore quality. A multidisciplinary group from the Latin America region conducted a detailed analysis to understand the performance limiters and to better define the drilling strategy. This comprised of, first, providing a robust Rotary Steerable System (RSS) with an abrasive resistant set of pads and a fit for purpose PDC bit design for Los Monos formation; and second, an engineered BHA design to deliver required directional response and to reduce vibration levels while introducing automation technology in the process. Three paths-of-action were developed for this objective: reduce the planned runs from two to one, an engineered BHA design to meet dogleg severity demand and wellbore quality, and a dedicated roadmap compiling lessons learned along the campaign. A team of experts conducted a detailed analysis to understand performance limiters, defining a drilling strategy around a fit for purpose PDC bit with a robust Rotary Steerable System, both with abrasion resistance features designed for Los Monos formation, a BHA design to deliver the required directional response and engineered guidelines implemented with innovative automation technology to reduce vibration levels The objective was successfully achieved delivering the longest run for the field inside Los Monos formation while setting a new benchmark for the Caipipendi Block with 673 m drilled in 250.5 circulating hours and 181.2 drilling hours with and effective Rate Of Penetration (ROP) of 3.71 m/hr. This represented a 24% improvement in time over plan and allowed the client to saved more than 93 operational hours in the well. While following automated software recommendations, a maximum build-up rate of 5.43°/30m was achieved while drilling the curve with an average of 3.95°/30m allowing the team to optimize wellbore positioning as required by the geology department. Excellent borehole condition at the end of the run allowed the operator to execute two wireline log runs and the 9-5/8" Casing run to bottom successfully with no conditioning trips. The paper presents important data that quantifies the beneficial impact of implementing new RSS technologies and automated drilling in a very challenging environment where benchmarks are not easily achieved. It also demonstrates how proper and focused engineering approaches in conjunction with custom designed solutions generate significant improvement to wellbore trajectory management and large benefits for the operation in time savings, wellbore positioning and hole quality. The study presented provides the foundation for future performance improvements with the use of new technologies available in the market.
Reports on the topic "American Foundation on Automation and Employment"
1
Brambilla, Irene, César Andrés, Guillermo Falone, and Leonardo Gasparini. Automation Trends and Labor Markets in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005173.
Full textAbstract:
This paper studies the effects of automation of production on labor market outcomes, and whether there is an effect of automation on functional and personal inequality in Latin America. The paper combines several data sources and empirical strategies in order to approach the issues from different perspectives and to cover different dimensions of labor markets. The main issues that we focus on are: i) the hypothesis that industries with a higher share of workers performing routine tasks are more likely to be affected by automation, using indexes of task routinization by occupation; and ii) the effects of automation on industry and local labor share, employment, wages, personal inequality and poverty. We focus on seven Latin American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico and Peru, during the period 1992-2015.
2
Calvo, Cristina, Laura Ripani, José Manuel Salazar-Xirinachs, Marcelo Cabrol, Walter Sosa Escudero, Diego Aboal, Inmaculada Martínez-Zarzoso, et al. Integration and Trade Journal: Volume 21: No. 42: August, 2017: Robot-lución: The future of work in Latin American Integration 4.0. Inter-American Development Bank, August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008316.
Full textAbstract:
This new edition contains the work of over 40 experts from different parts of the world, who analyze the risks that automation may pose to work and how this may affect integration and employment. More than 40 global experts imagine the future of work and integration of Latin America in the new edition of INTAL-IDB's Integration and Trade magazine.