Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Amb a 1'
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Borrisser, Pairó Francesc. "Expressió miocardíaca d'IGF-1 i miostatina en donants hipertensos i amb consum excessiu d'alcohol. Relació amb el desenvolupament de miocardiopatia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668698.
Full textCardiomyopathies are cardiac diseases of various causes, among them hypertensive cardiomyopathy and alcoholic cardiomyopathy. Arterial hypertension is one of the main causes of cardiac failure. Chronic alcohol consumption has negative effects in the body: liver, digestive system, neurological system and cardiac system. The cardiac damage caused by these factors (hypertension and alcohol consumption) is regulated by growth factors such as insuline-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and myostatin. In case of cardiac damage, the heart has some compensatory mechanisms to revert them. In this thesis the effects of arterial hypertension and chronic alcohol consumption on IGF-1 and myostatin cardiac expression. Cardiac tissue from donors was available (healthy, with hypertension, with alcohol consumption and with other causes of cardiomyopathy). Excessive alcohol consumption in patients without cardiac damage decreases IGF-1 expression. Myocardiac expression of IGF-1 and myostatin was studied for each group of donors. Donors affected by cardiomyopathy (hypertensive or alcoholic) presented an increase on myostatin expression. These results open the door to a therapeutic objective with IGF-1 and myostatin to control the cardiac damage caused by hypertension or alcohol consumption.
Serra, Planas Enric. "Prevalença de malaltia cardiovascular subclínica i associació amb factors de risc cardiovasculars no clàssics en el pacient amb diabetis mellitus tipus 1." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666933.
Full textThe management and monitoring of classical cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycaemia and smoking habit have not been able to modify the main cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, the coronary artery disease. The importance of this diabetes complication contrasts with the existing controversy about the need for cardiovascular screening among patients with diabetes and subclinical cardiovascular disease, with different opinions about some image tests for the diagnosis of the cardiovascular disease in the preclinical phase and with the lack of knowledge about the real role, in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, of certain new cardiovascular risk factors such as vitamin D, different inflammatory markers or liver disease for non-alcoholic fat deposit. In this research we have studied a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus from the Mediterranean area of Badalona, asymptomatic from a cardiovascular point of view and with more than 10 years of evolution of their disease, through clinical characterization, analysis of serological parameters of potential relevance such as adiponectin, YKL-40 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, as well as liver ecographic evaluation for the detection of hepatic non-alcoholic steatosis. All the information extracted has been correlated with early atherosclerotic data obtained by measuring coronary artery calcification by computerized tomography and the measurement of the carotid intima-media thickness through ultrasound. As a result, our cohort, a significant sample of the population with type 1 diabetes mellitus in our area, has a very low prevalence of subclinical cardiovascular disease, approximately 10%. In addition, a good correlation between the results of carotid ultrasound and the quantification of coronary calcium by tomography has been detected, indicating the potential of these tests for the diagnosis of subclinical cardiovascular disease in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The evaluation of the non-classical cardiovascular risk factors regarding the association with the presence of preclinical cardiovascular disease has discarded the concentrations of vitamin D and the serum markers such as adiponectin or YKL-40 but, opposite of that, in the univariate study of the association between the presence of liver steatosis and carotid atherosclerosis, a link was confirmed. It is concluded that, in our territory with recognized low cardiovascular risk, there is a very small prevalence of subclinical cardiovascular disease among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus, which does not justify generalized screening, but that, in certain patients, we have diagnostic test for its detection. Therefore, in the study of the patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus from the Mediterranean area and, based on the data obtained, we can use the carotid ultrasound for detection and abdominal ultrasound for the stratification of the cardiovascular risk. This deeper understanding of the atherosclerosis of the patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus in our area, in terms of prevalence, diagnostic methods, severity and associated factors, helps us to design preventative, therapeutic and follow-up interventions that are potentially more targeted and effective.
Perna, Barrull David. "Efecte del tractament prenatal amb betametasona en el desenvolupament de la diabetis mellitus tipus 1." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670183.
Full textRecientemente la incidencia de diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DT1) está aumentando en todo el mundo y la causa de este hecho sigue siendo desconocida. Los factores ambientales son cruciales en el desarrollo de la DT1, pero hasta el momento no han sido estudiados exhaustivamente durante la época prenatal. Los dos actores principales de la DT1, el sistema inmunitario y los islotes pancreáticos, se encuentran en desarrollo hasta la última semana antes del nacimiento y pueden ser fácilmente alterados por efecto de algunos fármacos. En este sentido, los glucocorticoides sintéticos tienen potentes efectos antiinflamatorios e inmunosupresores y pueden cruzar la barrera materno-fetal. Esta familia de moléculas interacciona con el receptor de glucocorticoides que se expresa de forma ubicua en todas las células. La betametasona es un glucocorticoide administrado a mujeres con riesgo de parto prematuro para mejorar la salud perinatal del bebé gracias a estimular la maduración de los pulmones fetales. En la actualidad, al mismo tiempo que aumentan los bebés prematuros, también aumenta la utilización de betametasona. La hipótesis de este trabajo es que la betametasona influye en la incidencia de DT1, mediante modificaciones en el desarrollo del sistema inmunitario prenatal y en la célula β. El objetivo principal del estudio es determinar el efecto de la betametasona en la susceptibilidad de desarrollar DT1. Se realizó un estudio de incidencia en el modelo experimental de DT1, el ratón No Obeso Diabético (NOD). La betametasona prenatal redujo la incidencia de DT1 en la descendencia femenina del grupo tratado (22%) respecto a la incidencia del grupo control (75%), correlacionando con una disminución de los linfocitos infiltrantes del islote. Notablemente, la betametasona indujo hipotrofia en el timo y alteraciones en las subpoblaciones del sistema inmunitario en los ratones recién nacidos. El repertorio de familias Vβ del TCR de los linfocitos T se determinó en ratones de 6 semanas de edad y se observó una reducción en la frecuencia de las familias Vβ autoreactivas. Además, provocó un efecto tóxico en los linfocitos no estimulados del ratón. En las células dendríticas, la betametasona indujo un estado de resistencia a la maduración, lo que comportó una reducción tanto en su capacidad de producir citocinas como una disminución de la proliferación autologa de linfocitos T γδ y secreción de IL-17. El efecto de la betametasona en la célula β se determinó en la línea celular NIT-1, en páncreas y en islotes purificados de ratón NOD. La betametasona redujo la viabilidad de las células NIT-1, evitando la proliferación celular y reduciendo la secreción de insulina. También, este fármaco indujo una disminución de la molécula CD44 y un incremento de MHC de clase I en la membrana de las células NIT-1. Por otro lado, la betametasona alteró la expresión génica en la línea celular NIT-1, en el páncreas y en los islotes murinos, afectando genes relacionados con la autoinmunidad, el metabolismo, la masa del islote e inhibidores de la regulación inmunitaria. Para realizar una aproximación al efecto en humanos, se determinó el efecto de la betametasona en leucocitos humanos. Se utilizaron células mononucleares de sangre periférica y observándose únicamente un efecto tóxico en linfocitos B y monocitos. Además, datos epidemiológicos preliminares recogidos de pacientes con DT1 del HUGTiP apuntan hacia el efecto protector de la betametasona en el riesgo de desarrollar DT1. En conclusión, la betametasona protege contra la DT1 experimental a través de alteraciones de la respuesta inmunitaria y reduciendo el reconocimiento autoinmune contra las células β. Estos resultados, junto datos preliminares de estudios en humanos, apoyan el efecto protector de la betametasona prenatal en el desarrollo de la DT1
The incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been steadily increasing worldwide in the last years and the cause remains to be elucidated. Environmental factors are crucial in the pathogenesis of T1D, but these factors have not been studied thoroughly during the prenatal stage. The two actors in the development of T1D, the immune system and the pancreatic islets, are still developing until the last weeks before delivery and can be easily altered by drugs. In this sense, synthetic glucocorticoids have powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects and can cross the maternofoetal barrier. This family of drugs interacts with the ubiquitously expressed glucocorticoid receptor. Betamethasone is a glucocorticoid administered to women at risk of preterm delivery to improve perinatal outcome after birth by stimulating foetal lung maturation. At the same time that premature new-borns are increasing, the use of betamethasone is raising. The hypothesis of this work is that betamethasone may affect the development of foetal immune system and pancreas, thus influencing the risk of developing T1D in the offspring. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of prenatal betamethasone on T1D susceptibility. An incidence study was performed in the experimental model of T1D, the non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Prenatal betamethasone administration caused a reduction in T1D incidence in the female offspring from the treated group (incidence of 22%) when compared to the sham group (incidence of 75%), correlating with a decrease in infiltrating lymphocytes in the islets. Remarkably, betamethasone caused thymus hypotrophy and alterations in immune cells subsets in new-born mice. The TCR Vβ T cell repertoire was assessed in 6 weeks-old mice and a clear decrease in the frequency of autoreactive Vβ families was found. Betamethasone caused in vitro toxicity to resting mouse lymphocytes. In dendritic cells, betamethasone induce a maturation-resistant status, thus decreasing their cytokine production and impairing autologous γδ T lymphocyte proliferation induction ability and secretion of IL-17. The effect of betamethasone on β-cells was determined in the NOD β-cell line NIT-1, in whole pancreas and in purified islets from NOD mice. Betamethasone effects were detrimental for NIT-1 cell viability, arresting cell growth and reducing insulin secretion. Downregulation of CD44 membrane expression and upregulation of MHC class I expression was induced by this glucocorticoid in NIT-1 cells. Betamethasone also altered gene expression in NIT-1 cell line, pancreas and islets, affecting genes related to autoimmunity, metabolism, islet mass and immune checkpoint inhibitors. In order to move forward, human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used to determine betamethasone effects. A toxic effect was observed only in monocytes and B cells. Moreover, preliminary epidemiological data from paediatric patients with T1D from the Germans Trias i Pujol Hospital reinforces the putative the protective effect of betamethasone in the risk of developing T1D. In conclusion, betamethasone has a protective effect against experimental T1D by altering the immune system response and potentially decreasing autoimmune recognition of β-cells. These results, together with our preliminary data from human studies, support a protective effect of prenatal betamethasone in T1D development.
Roig, Bourgine Bàrbara. "Expressió del receptor domini discoidina 1 (DDR1) en cervell huma. Relació amb l'esquizofrènia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8860.
Full textDiversos estudis de lligament apunten a que a la regió cromosòmica 6p hi podria haver un gen o gens de susceptibilitat per l'esquizofrènia. El nostre grup va escollir un gen d'aquesta regió, el gen que codifica pel Receptor Domini Discoidina 1 (DDR1), com a candidat per l'esquizofrènia. Se sap que DDR1 és un receptor tirosina quinasa que s'expressa de forma molt important en zones proliferatives durant el neurodesenvolupament del cervell de rata i ratolí i també s'ha vist que s'expressa en cervell humà. DDR1 té com lligant el col·lagen, el qual promou la diferenciació i proliferació de les cèl·lules neuroepitelials en rates. El nostre grup ha observat una important expressió de DDR1 en la substància blanca i en concret en els oligodendròcits durant el desenvolupament pre i postnatal en ratolins. A demés l'expressió d'aquest receptor segueix un patró espacio-temporal al procés de mielinització.
En la present tesi doctoral hem estudiat per primera vegada en detall el patró d'expressió gènica i proteïca del receptor DDR1 en cervell humà mitjançant tècniques específiques d'hibridació in situ, immunohistoquímica i de quantificació d'RNAm. Hem trobat que existeix una associació positiva tan a nivell gènic com haplotípic de DDR1 amb l'esquizofrènia mitjançant un estudi d'anàlisi de variants tipus SNPs en una mostra de casos i control.
També hem descrit per primera vegada que DDR1 és una proteïna de la mielina en cervell humà i que entre les 5 diferents isoformes que es coneixen només les isoformes DDR1c i DDR1a es relacionen amb la mielina. D'aquesta tesi es deriven les següents aportacions científiques:
- Roig B, Virgos C, Franco N, Martorell L, Valero J, Costas J, Carracedo A, Labad A, Vilella E. The discoidin domain receptor 1 as a novel susceptibility gene for schizophrenia. Molecular Psychiatry. 2007. doi: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001995. IF: 11.8
- Roig B, Franco-Pons N, Martorell L, Tomàs J, Costas J, Vogel WF, Vilella E. Identification of the tyrosine kinase receptor discoidin domain 1 (DDR1) as a novel myelin protein. Sotmés a revisió a la revista Glia. IF: 4.1
- Roig B, Franco-Pons N, Martorell L, Vilella E. Quantitative analysis of DDR1 mRNA expression in normal and schizophrenic brain. Manuscrit en preparació.
Schizophrenia is one of the most common psychoses in the world today. It has a prevalence of 1% in the population and is of unknown etiology. One of the most widely accepted etiopathogenic hypotheses for schizophrenia is neurodevelopmental theory, which postulates that schizophrenia originates from a variety of neurogenetic and gliogenetic disorders during perinatal development. Many studies have reported that schizophrenic patients have alterations in their myelin (white matter of the brain). Axons must be myelinated if signals are to be properly transmitted between neurons. The cells that form the myelin sheaths of the axons in the CNS are the oligodendrocytes.
In humans, the myelination process peaks in the perinatal, childhood and adolescence stages. It is during this last stage that the symptoms of schizophrenia become manifest. Several linkage studies indicate that the 6p chromosomal region may contain one or more susceptibility genes for schizophrenia. Our group chose a gene in this region, the gene encoding the discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), as a candidate gene for schizophrenia.
DDR1 is known to be a receptor tyrosine kinase which is highly expressed in proliferative areas during murine brain development, and has also been shown to be expressed in human brain. The DDR1 ligand is collagen, which promotes the proliferation and differentiation of the neurophitelial cells in rats. Our group has observed that DDR1 is significantly expressed in the white matter and particularly in oligodendrocytes during pre- and postnatal development in mice. Furthermore, the expression of this receptor follows a spatial-temporal pattern similar to the process of myelination.
In this doctoral thesis we have made the first detailed study of the pattern of gene and protein expression of DDR1 in human brain, using specific techniques such as in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and quantification of RNAm. We found a positive association of DDR1 with schizophrenia in a case-control association study using markers of the SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) type.
We have also reported for the first time that DDR1 is a myelin protein in the human brain and that of the five different isoforms that are known only isoforms DDR1c and DDR1a are related to the myelin.
The following scientific articles have been written as a result of this doctoral thesis:
- Roig B, Virgos C, Franco N, Martorell L, Valero J, Costas J, Carracedo A, Labad A, Vilella E. The discoidin domain receptor 1 as a novel susceptibility gene for schizophrenia. Molecular Psychiatry. 2007. doi: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001995. IF: 11.8
- Roig B, Franco-Pons N, Martorell L, Tomàs J, Costas J, Vogel WF, Vilella E. Identification of the tyrosine kinase receptor discoidin domain 1 (DDR1) as a novel myelin protein. Submitted to Glia. IF: 4.1
- Roig B, Franco-Pons N, Martorell L, Vilella E. Quantitative analysis of DDR1 mRNA expression in normal and schizophrenic brain. Manuscript in preparation.
Mumper, Eric Keith. "Mixotrophic Magnetosome-Dependent Magnetoautotrophic Metabolism of Model Magnetototactic Bacterium Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1551880645784717.
Full textAparicio, Prats Ester. "Factors Predictius de la Resposta al Tractament contra el VHC, amb Interferó-α i Ribavirina, en Pacients Coinfectats amb el VHC i el VIH-1." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/83944.
Full textThe role of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS3/4A protease in ablating the signaling pathway involved in the production of alpha/beta interferon (IFN-‐α/β) suggests a relationship between NS3/4A proteolytic activity and a patient’s response to IFN-‐ based therapy. To identify viral factors associated with the HCV treatment response, we analyzed the pretreatment NS3/4A protease gene quasispecies composition of 56 HCV genotype 1–HIV-‐1-‐coinfected patients treated in our clinic with pegylated IFN (pegIFN) plus ribavirin (RBV). The catalytic efficiency of the dominant (i.e., the most abundant) quasispecies was also assayed for Cardif cleavage and correlated with treatment outcome. A total of 1,745 clones were isolated and sequenced. Significantly less nucleotide quasispecies heterogeneity and lower Shannon entropy values were detected within the responder group (P < 0.05). A correlation was also found between the efficiency of NS3/4A protease Cardif cleavage and therapy outcome. Proteases from sustained responder patients were more efficient at processing Cardif (mean standard error of the mean [SEM], 0.8960 ± 0.05568; n = 19) than proteases from nonresponders (mean ± SEM, 0.7269 ± 0.05306; n = 37; P < 0.05). Finally, the amino acid p distance (the proportion [p] of nucleotide sites at which two sequences being compared are different) was significantly shorter in patients with an interleukin-‐28B (IL-‐28B) risk allele (P < 0.01), suggesting that IL-‐28B risk allele carriers exert a lower positive selection pressure on the NS3/4A protease. NS3/4A protease efficiency in cleaving Cardif may be associated with the pegIFN-‐RBV treatment response, as shown in our cohort of HIV-‐HCVcoinfected patients. Greater NS3/4A nucleotide heterogeneity and higher Shannon entropy values in nonresponders suggest that less HCV quasispecies complexity may favor a better response to pegIFN-‐RBV.
Alonso, Pedrol Núria. "Estudi de paràmetres immunològics i hormonals gàstrics en pacients amb diabetis mellitus tipus 1." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/50995.
Full textType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is the consequence of the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. T1D patients show an increased prevalence of other associated organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Type A chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is an autoimmune disease that involves the fundus and body of the stomach and spares the antrum. In the later stage of the disease, pernicious anaemia may result from cobalamin deficiency. The papers published in this thesis have focused on assessing the usefulness of several hormonal and immunological parameters for the study of autoimmune gastritis in patients with T1D. The parameters evaluated were: serum pepsinogen I concentrations (a peptide secreted by zymogenic cells in the body and fundus of the stomach), gastric parietal cell antibodies, serum cobalamin or vitamin B12 concentrations, plasma ghrelin concentrations (a 28-aminoacid peptide mainly synthesised in the neuroendocrine cells of the stomach) and finally, the analysis of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are a subset of T lymphocytes involved in controlling autoimmunity. The results of the studies have shown that: 1.- The determination of serum pepsinogen I concentrations together with gastric parietal cell antibodies are the best biochemical marker for the screening of autoimmune gastritis in patients with T1D. The determination of both parameters is more useful than each other separately, for the identification of those patients with a higher risk to present cobalamin deficiency, that in case to be confirmed, should be treated given its possible associated neuropathy. 2.- Plasma ghrelin concentration is not a good biochemical marker of gastric mucosa atrophy in T1D patients with type A CAG. 3.- Plasma ghrelin concentration doesn`t predict neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia in those patients with T1D and type A CAG. 4.- Type 1 diabetic patients with chronic autoimmune gastritis (type A) have a higher frequency of Tregs in peripheral blood compared to T1D patients with no evidence of type A CAG or other associated autoantibodies, and healthy controls. 5.- The number of Tregs in gastric mucosa of T1D patients with type A-CAG is lower than in those with Helicobacter pylori-induced CAG, although higher than that observed in normal gastric mucosa. This fact, underlies the influence of the percentage of Tregs in situ necessary for controlling the chronification of an autoimmune or infectious gastritis.
Rioux, Jean-Baptiste. "Du génome à la protéine : caractérisation d'une nouvelle actin-like chez Magnetospirillum Magneticum AMB-1." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22016/document.
Full textMagnetotactic bacteria synthesise specialised organelles called magnetosomes. They are composed of a magnetic crystal surrounded by a lipid bilayer and specific proteins. Arranged in chains, they orient magnetotactic bacteria in the geomagnetic field, thereby simplifying their search for their microaerophilic environments. In each sequenced magnetotactic strain, the magnetotaxis genomic island contains the genes involved in magnetosomes formation. Our annotation of the newly sequenced genome of the magnetotactic strain QH-2 shows that the region coding the magnetotaxis genes is not a genomic island, though it has been acquired by lateral genes transfer. In the genome of M. magneticum AMB-1 we identified a new, small genomic island we termed the magnetotaxis islet, encoding 7 genes homologous to genes related to the magnetosomes synthesis. To assess the question of the biological function of this genomic islet, we further investigated the role of one of the seven genes, mamK-like. Filaments were observed in E. coli cells expressing MamK-like-Venus fusion by fluorescence microscopy. In vitro polymerization of both isoforms is comparable, though some differences are present at the structural level. In addition, we demonstrate that mamK-like is transcribed in AMB-1 wild-type and ΔmamK mutant cells. Immunolabelling assay using an anti-MamK antibody reveals the presence of a filament in the ΔmamK mutant. We hypothesise that this filament is due to MamK-like and that it helps maintaining a chain-like organisation of magnetosomes in the mutant strain
Shirkhani, Khojasteh. "Bioactivity of new AmB-PMA nanoparticle in prophylaxis and treatment of transplant-related invasive aspergillosis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24157.
Full textGuilà, Matarin Meritxell. "Estudi de l’evolució de l’envolta del VIH-1 en pacients infectats sotmesos a vacunació terapèutica amb virus autòleg inactivat." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/78937.
Full textLa infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) constituye una de las epidemias más importantes actualmente. El VIH se caracteriza por su elevada variabilidad genética a lo largo de su historia natural. Las múltiples variantes existentes dentro del mismo huésped, lo que se conoce como cuasiespecie, constituyen una fuente de adaptabilidad del virus, pues permiten la disponibilidad de una variante de escape frente una posible presión selectiva en el ambiente (respuesta inmune, fármacos antiretrovirales, etc). A pesar de los grandes avances en el desarrollo de tratamientos eficaces, actualmente no ha sido posible la erradicación de la infección. El tratamiento antirretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA) ha disminuido significativamente la morbi-mortalidad asociada a la infección por el VIH, no obstante, no consigue la eliminación del virus. Consecuencia directa de ello es que, al suspenderlo, el virus reaparece en sangre periférica, siendo necesario mantener el tratamiento de por vida, con sus costes tanto a nivel de efectos secundarios como económicos. Frente esta situación, ha sido necesario el diseño de terapias alternativas como las terapias inmunomediadas (interrupciones estructuradas del tratamiento o vacunas terapéuticas), enfocadas a estimular el sistema inmunológico del paciente para poder suspender el TARGA de forma definitiva o, al menos, durante períodos variables de tiempo. Hoy en día no se conocen con exactitud los efectos que pueda tener la variabilidad del VIH en las terapias inmunomediadas, y el interés de nuestro estudio parte de esta premisa. Por ello, el objetivo de esta tesis es analizar, por primera vez, la evolución del virus en pacientes sometidos a vacunación terapéutica (en nuestro caso, una vacuna terapéutica de células dendríticas pulsadas con el virus autólogo inactivado por calor).
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is one of the largest epidemics today. HIV is characterized by high genetic variability throughout its natural history. Multiple variants exist within the same host, which is known as quasispecies. These quasispecies are a source of adaptability of the virus, and allow the availability of alternative escape variants against a possible selective pressure in the environment (immune response, antiretroviral drugs, etc). Despite the great advances in the development of effective treatments, now has not been possible to eradicate the infection. Antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has significantly decreased morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection, however, it fails to eliminate the virus. Direct consequence is that, when HAART is stopped, virus rebound in peripheral blood, being necessary to maintain treatment for life, with its costs both in terms of side effects and economic burden. Facing this situation, it has been necessary to design alternative therapies such as immune-mediated therapies (structured treatment interruptions or therapeutic vaccines), aimed to stimulate the patient's immune system to permanently remove HAART or, at least, for varying periods of time. Today, effects of the variability of HIV in immune-mediated therapies are not exactly known , and the interest of our study is based on this premise. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to analyze, for the first time, the evolution of HIV in patients undergoing therapeutic vaccination (in our case, a therapeutic vaccine based on dendritic cells pulsed with autologous heat-inactivated virus).
Mannoubi, Soumaya. "Caractérisation de MamK et Mamk-like les "actins-like" responsables de l'alignement des magnétosomes chez Magnetsirillum magneticum AMB-1." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4004.
Full textMagnetotactic bacteria (MTB) have the ability to orient in a magnetic field through a prokaryotic organelle composed of a magnetic nanocrystal surrounded by a biological membrane: the magnetosome. The synthesis of this organelle is a genetically complex process controlled by a series of specific genes (mam genes) grouped together on the bacterial chromosome. In the strain model Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1 this set of genes form a genomic island (MAI) and a second distinct group of seven genes homologous to mam genes (mam-like genes) recently identified. The physiological role of this islet magnetosome (MIS) is very little characterized to date.Among the products of mam genes, MamK is involved in the alignment of the magnetosomes. This « actin-like » which forms prokaryote filaments according an ATP - dependent process has been characterized in recent years. In the MIS of AMB-1, a homologous gene mamK-like was identified. And various multidisciplinary approaches have been developed to understand the role of MamK and MamK-like. The MIS gene expression was quantified. The strains lacking genes of mamK, mamK-like and the obtained of double mutant were then phenotyped by different imaging techniques. The interactions between the two proteins were also tested. Finally, the two proteins were overexpressed and their biochemical properties characterized. All of these data allows us to propose a model whereby MamK and MamK-like participate in both the alignment of bacterial magnetosomes, presumably by the formation of hybrid filaments
CIAPPETTA, SILVIA. "Study of intra and inter population variability of common ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) in relation to Amb a 1 isoforms and their allergenicity." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/101832.
Full textRicou, i. Figuerola Eva. "Síntesi d'espirans azabicíclics i decahidroquinolines vers la preparació de productes naturals amb el motiu estructural d'1-azaspiro[4.5]decà." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1636.
Full textEn el decurs de la mateixa, s'han desenvolupat diverses metodologies per tal d'assolir la síntesi d'1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-6-en-8-ones polifuncionalitzades de forma racèmica i enantiopura.
Aquests sistemes espirànics s'han sintetitzat per reacció aldòlica d'un producte provinent del trencament oxidatiu d'un 1-azaspiro[4.4]noné enantiomèricament pur o d'un producte provinent de l'alquilació d'una prolina modificada. Alternativament també s'han assolit aquests sistemes per deshidrogenació de les corresponents cetones.
La reacció més destacable en la ruta que ens ha conduit a la síntesi enantioselectiva de les d'1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-6-en-8-ones, és la reacció d'inserció d'un carbè alquilidènic a un enllaç C-H en posició 5. L'excés enantiomèric es pugué determinar per HPLC quiral.
A partir d'aquestst sistemes d'1-azaspiro[4.5]decà amb els dos metilens veïns al carbonil diferenciats per la presència d'un doble enllaç, s'ha estudiat la seva utilitat sintètica en la preparació dels sistemes azatricíclics de l'FR901483 de manera enantio i regioselectiva.
Tots els intents per a assolir el tancament de l'anell piperidínic de l'FR901483 utilitzant substrats aminats resultaren infructuosos llevat del que implica l'acoblament d'halurs de vinil sobre enolats de cetona catalitzada per pal·ladi malgrat aquesta no fou quimioselectiva ni conseqüentment regioselectiva. La raó de la dificultat en aquest procés probablement resideix en la dificultat de generar espècies electrofíliques en la posició d'amines, per la seva inestabilitat a causa de la participació del nitrogen en processos col·laterals ja sigui de desalquilació, formació d'aziridines, descarbonilacions, etc.
A les reaccions que impliquen l'ús d'una amida encara que aquestes no presenten el problema d'inestabilitat, apareix el problema dels possibles rotàmers que junt amb la conformació inicial que potser no adequada per experimentar un procés de ciclació malbarata els intents d'accés al sistema azatricíclic de l'FR901483.
Solament la ciclació radicalària de tricloroacetamides com a proradicals utilitzant sililenolèters com a acceptors radicalaris permeté l'aïllament de compostos amb el nucli azatricíclic de l'FR901483, encara que el seu baix rendiment inhabilità el seu ús en el procés de síntesi total.
Per altra banda, ens hem plantejat l'accés al nucli azatricíclic de les cilindricines que també contenen el sistema d'1-azaspiro[4.5]decà de referència sintetitzant en primera instància el sistema de decahidroquinolina fusionada en cis i posteriorment el sistema espirànic comentat.
En aquest sentit, s'ha implantat una nova metodologia sintètica succinta i versàtil per a la preparació de decahidroquinolines i octahidroindoles funcionalitzats basada en la iodoaminociclació de bishomoal·lilamines. La reacción de 2-al·lil-N-benzilciclohexilamines amb NIS permet l'accés a 3-iododecahidroquinolines que per tractament amb alúmina condueixen a 3-hidroxidecahidroquinolines i/o 2-hidroximetiloctahidroindoles amb retenció de la configuració. S'observà que les 3-iododecahidroquinolines, obtingudes per iodoaminociclació de 2-al.lil-N-benzilciclohexilamines tenen una reactivitat diferent segons presenten una fusió cis o trans. Així, els derivats cis endo al tractar-los amb Al2O3 formen fàcilment sals d'aziridini que en un procés de control cinètic proporcionen octahidroindoles en un procés de contracció anular. Els derivats trans també formen sals d'aziridini, però en aquestes estructures el bescanvi del iode per hidroxil transcorre mantenint-se l'estructura de decahidroquinolina i la conseqüent retenció de la configuració relativa. En condicions de control termodinàmic, l'obertura de les sals d'aziridini provenint de cis-decahidroquinolines canvia de regioselectivitat i dóna lloc a cis-decahidroquinolines amb bescanvi funcional.
Aquesta estratègia desenvolupada a l'última part de la tesi, obre una nova ruta sintètica per accedir als sistemes tricíclics de les ciclindricines i la fasicularina a través de les decahidroquinolines corresponents.
The present thesis was realized as a part of a framework directed to the synthesis of azapolicyclic natural products, namely the immunosupressant FR901483 and the marine alkaloids cylindricines.
During its development, we succesfully studied several methodologies to achieve the syntheses of polifunctionalized racemic and enantiopure 1-azaspiro[4.5]dec-6-en-8-ones.
Afterwards, we studied the utility of these advanced intermediates in the synthesis of the azatricyclic system present in the immunosupressant FR901483 or in the one embodying cylindricines' skeleton. The most considerable results were obtained with the palladium catalized reaction of vinyl halides over ketone enolate. Also, radical reaction of trichloroacetamides as proradicals on sylylenolethers as radical acceptors was significant.
In the last part, a new versatile and brief methodology on the iodoaminocyclation of bishomolylamines for the preparation of decahydroquinolines and octahydroindoles was achieved. The reaction of 2-allyl-N-benzylcyclohexilamines with NIS makes possible an entry to 3-iododecahydroquinolines which on treatment with alumina lead to 3-hydroxydecahydroquinolines and/or 2-hydroxymethyloctahydroindoles with retention of the configuration.
This strategy opens a new synthetic route to the tricyclic system of fasicularin and cylindricines via the corresponding decahydroquinolines.
Polls, Camps Eulàlia. "La dansa amb mediació digital. El cas de Catalunya del 2003 al 2013." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671208.
Full textA partir del análisis de una serie de obras programadas en Cataluña en estos últimos años, se analizan las aportaciones de la tecnología digital en el escenario de la danza actual y sus repercusiones tanto en el ámbito teórico como en el de la producción. Se llega a la conclusión de que la danza con mediación digital no deja de ser danza contemporánea, aunque el concepto de corporalidad y de todo lo que de ella se deriva resulte inevitablemente alterado. Para poder argumentar el rol de la tecnología en la danza actual, ha sido necesario realizar un estudio diacrónico del uso de las tecnologías a lo largo del tiempo, subrayando continuidades y rupturas. Uno de los aspectos que ha resultado más complejo ha sido el de ordenar la pluralidad y diversidad de conceptos que se suelen emplear, siendo así su reconceptualización una de las principales aportaciones de esta tesis.
Based on an analysis of various performances given in Catalonia in recent years, we carried out a study of the contributions of digital technology to the modern dance scene as well as its repercussions in terms of both theory and production. The present study concludes that dance with digital mediation is still contemporary dance, in spite of the fact that it inevitably leads to a shift in the notion of corporeality and all this entails. To develop our position on the role of technology in contemporary dance, we conducted a diachronic study of uses of technology, highlighting continuums and points of rupture over time. One of the most complex aspects was categorising the multiple and diverse concepts that are currently in use, and their reconceptualisation is one of the foremost contributions of this thesis.
Carbonell, Puig Marc. "Retinopatia diabètica i gruix coroïdal com a factors associats a la malaltia ateroscleròtica subclínica en pacients amb diabetis mellitus tipus 1 sense antecedents previs de malaltia cardiovascular." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669545.
Full textDiabetic retinopathy (RD) is the main microvascular complication in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). In addition, patients with DM and RD have an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease. In this sense, CV disease due to atherosclerosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with DM. On the other hand, there is evidence that retinal neurodegeneration can precede visible vascular changes in RD. Finally, the relationship of choroidal thickness (GC) with RD stage is not well defined. The aim of the study was to assess the association of the presence and the burden of subclinical carotid atherosclerotic disease in patients with type 1 DM (DM1) according to the presence and severity of RD, as well as to asses the inner retina and choroidal structural changes in DM1 subjects and normoglycaemic subjects. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 340 patients with DM1 without prior CV disease and no established chronic kidney disease (MRC) (41.5% with RD) and 304 normoglycaemic subjects matched by sex and age, in order to evaluate the association of subclinical carotid atherosclerotic disease with the presence and severity of RD. For the purpose to assess retinal and choroidal structural changes, 242 patients with DM1 and 69 normoglycaemic subjects were included. The results presented in this Thesis show that in patients with DM1, the percentage of patients with carotid plaques is higher in those with RD compared to those without RD (44.7% vs. 24.1%, p<0.001). Patients with RD also have a higher frequency of ≥2 carotid plaques compared to patients without RD (25.5% vs. 11.1%, p<0.001). The presence of advanced stages of RD is independently associated with the presence (p=0.044) and the burden (≥2 carotid plaques; p=0.009) of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. On the other hand, the structural analysis of the inner retinal layers by SD-OCT shows that in patients with DM1 the nasal retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness is lower in patients without RD (p<0.001), with mild RD (p<0.001) and with advanced RD (p<0.001) compared with normoglycaemic subjects. The ganglion cell layer (GCL) thickness is lower in patients with DM1 and advanced RD compared to patients without RD (p<0.001) and with mild RD (p=0.003) and compared to controls (p<0.001). Finally, patients with DM1 without RD and with mild RD have a higher GC than normoglycaemic subjects, but GC in patients with DM1 and advanced RD is lower (p=0.038) than in patients with DM1 and mild RD and is not significantly different from that of normoglycaemic subjects. In conclusion, in patients with DM1 without previous CV disease or established MRC, the presence of RD, especially in advanced stages, is associated with a higher burden of atherosclerotic carotid disease compared to patients without RD. This finding could partly explain the increased risk of CV disease described in patients with DM1 and RD since the presence and especially the burden of carotid atherosclerotic disease have been described as risk factors for presenting CV events. On the other hand, patients with DM1 show a significant thinning of the nasal RNFL in the early stages of the RD, even before any vascular changes in the retina. A decrease in the GCL thickness during the advanced RD stages is observed. The GC is higher in patients with DM1 without RD and in the early stages of DR, but decreases in advanced stages.
Fernández, Miró Mercè. "Hipogonadisme hipogonadotrop en pacients amb diabetis mellitus tipus 1. Prevalença i efectes sobre la resistència a la insulina, el control metabòlic i els factors de risc cardiovascular." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/403801.
Full textIntroduction The prevalence of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is close to 17-30%. Testosterone replacement therapy in these patients has shown improvement in insulin sensitivity, glycemic control and cardiovascular risk factors. Few studies have examined its role in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Aim To determine the prevalence of HH in patients with T1DM and associated risk factors. To assess the associations between the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemic waist and cardiovascular risk factors and HH. To evaluate the effectiveness of testosterone undecanoate (TU) in patients with T1DM and HH on insulin sensitivity, glycemic control, anthropometric parameters, blood pressure and lipid profile, as well as analyze changes in the International Index of Erectile Function. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with age ≥ 18 years and diagnosis of autoimmune diabetes. To identify the hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype, triglyceride levels (mg/dL) + abdominal circumference (cm) taken together was stratified into quartiles. We performed a randomized placebo-controlled multicenter study which included patients with autoimmune diabetes with total testosterone levels <10 nmol/L and/or free testosterone calculated using the Vermeulen formula < 225 pmol/L, with low/normal LH/FSH on two separate early-morning days. Patients were randomly assigned to TU treatment or placebo with the following dosing schedule: baseline, 6 weeks and 16 weeks. Results 181 patients were included. The prevalence of HH was 8.3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.3-12.3%). Age (odds ratio [OR] 1.066 [95% IC: 1.002-1.134]), waist circumference (OR 1.112 [95% IC: 1.028-1.203]), and insulin requirements ([UI/Kg] x 10 [OR 1.486 {95% IC: 1.052-2.098}]) were independently associated with the presence of HH. The model that best predicted HH generated this formula: HH-score = (1.060 x age) + (1.084 x waist circumference) + (14.00 x insulin requirements) + triglycerides. An HH-score >242.4 showed 100% sensitivity and 53% specificity for HH diagnosis. And increased prevalence of HH and hypertension was found paralleling with an increase in triglyceride + waist circumference quartile. Patients in higher quartile showed and increased insulin resistance, insulin requirements, hip circumference, percentage of fat mass, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and lower levels of HDL cholesterol and total testosterone. 6 patients with HH recibed tretament with TU and 7 patients with placebo. At 22 weeks, the decrease in total cholesterol was 37.4 ± 27.5 mg/dL in the TU group compared with an increase of 13.2 ± 17.8 mg/dL in the placebo group (P=0.005), and LDL cholesterol concentration decreased 30.2 ± 22.1 mg/dL, compared with an increase of 10.5 ± 13.4 mg/dL in the placebo group (P=0.004). A greater and significant reduction in total cholesterol / HDL cholesterol ratio and triglycerides was observed in the TU group. No differences were observed regarding insulin sensitivity, HbA1c or basal glucose, anthropometric parameters or blood pressure. Conclusions Age, waist circumference and insulin requeriments predict HH in patients with T1DM. Hypertriglyceridemic waist is associated with HH, unfavorable metabolic profile and cardiovascular risk factors. Replacement therapy with TU in patients with T1DM and HH improves lipid profile.
Marina, García Noemí. "Complexos reguladors amb participació de proteïnes de la família NOD: estudis sobre la interacció entre Citocrom c i Apaf-1 a l'apoptosoma." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1001.
Full textCortijo, Arellano Marta. "Propietats Amiloidogèniques Del Fragment 185-208 de la Proteïna Priònica Humana. Comparació amb el Pèptid Aβ(1-28) de la Malaltia d'Alzheimer." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/3578.
Full textEl fragment 1-28 del pèptid β amiloide ha estat molt estudiat pel que fa a la seva capacitat per formar fibres amiloides, a la influència de l'heparina en el procés d'agregació i, fins i tot, en la seva capacitat d'interacció amb membranes biològiques. Les propietats amiloidogèniques del fragment 185-208 de la proteïna priònica, en canvi, eren fins ara desconegudes. Combinant l'espectroscòpia d'IR i de fluorescència amb la microscòpia electrònica, hem procedit a la determinació de les característiques amiloidogèniques del fragment priònic.
Els resultats mostren que aquest fragment és capaç de formar fibres amiloides, seguint el característic procés de polimerització nucleada, només en presència d'heparina i de membranes biològiques amb càrrega superficial negativa. Les fibres formades mostren la típica morfologia amiloide. A diferència del fragment 1-28 del pèptid de l'Alzheimer, el fragment priònic és citotòxic, reduint en un 25% la viabilitat cel·lular en una línia de neuroblastoma. Un cop caracteritzat el fragment priònic, s'han estudiat les capacitats anti-amiloidogèniques dels dendrímers, uns polímers ramificats amb càrrega superficial positiva capaços d'interferir en el procés d'agregació amiloide, modulant la formació de fibres.
La formación de fibras amiloides es una característica fundamental de los sistemas nerviosos afectados por la Enfermedad de Alzheimer o las enfermedades priónicas. En estos tejidos, las fibras están asociadas a las membranas celulares y a glicosaminoglicanos. En las diferentes enfermedades amiloidogénicas, péptidos y proteínas con homología secuencial muy baja dan lugar a la formación de agregados amiloides, los cuales tienen características fisicoquímicas muy similares. Este hecho implica la posibilidad de que exista un mecanismo común de formación de este tipo de agregados y, por tanto, una posible via de intervención común a las diferentes patologías. En este sentido, se ha descrito recientemente un hipotético motivo estructural de unión a esfingolípidos que seria común al fragmento 1-28 del péptido β amiloide, relacionado con la enfermedad de Alzheimer, y el fragmento 185-208 de la proteína priónica humana. Además, las dos secuencias contienen residuos de His, involucrados en posibles motivos de unión a heparina.
El fragmento 1-28 del péptido β amiloide ha sido ampliamente estudiado en lo que se refiere a su capacidad de formar fibras amiloides, la influencia de la heparina en su proceso de agregación e, incluso, en su capacidad de interacción con las membranas biológicas. Las propiedades amiloidogénicas del fragmento 185-208 de la proteína priónica humana, en cambio, actualmente eran desconocidas. La combinación de la espectroscopia de IR y de fluorescencia con la microscopia electrónica, nos ha permitido determinar las características amiloidogénicas del fragmento priónico.
Los resultados obtenidos ponen de manifiesto que este fragmento es capaz de formar fibras amiloides, siguiendo el característico proceso de polimerización nucleada, sólo en presencia de heparina y de membranas biológicas con carga superficial negativa. Las fibras formadas muestran la típica morfología amiloide. A diferencia del fragmento 1-28 del péptido del Alzheimer, el fragmento priónico resulta citotóxico, reduciendo en un 25% la viabilidad celular en una línea celular de neuroblastoma. Una vez caracterizado el fragmento priónico, se han estudiado las propiedades anti-amiloidogénicas de los dendrímeros, unos polímeros ramificados y con carga superficial positiva capaces de interferir en el proceso de agregación amiloide, modulando la formación de fibras.
Amyloid fibril formation is a hallmark of nervous systems affected by Alzheimer's and prion diseases. In both pathologies, fibrils are found associated to cellular membranes and glycosaminoglycans. In this kind of pathologies, amyloid peptides and proteins with very poor sequence homology originate very similar aggregates. This fact implies the possible existence of a common amyloid formation mechanism, and therefore, common pathogenic mechanisms. In this sense, a homologous structural sphingolipid-binding motif has been described for the Alzheimer's peptide Aβ(1-28) and the human prion protein fragment PrP(185-208). Both sequences contain His residues in a cluster of basic residues proposed as a heparin binding motif.
The Aβ(1-28) fragment has been widely described as an amyloid peptide and the influence of heparin in its aggregation process and its interaction with cellular membranes have been studied. The amyloidogenic properties of prion fragment were still unknown. In the present work, we have used a combination of spectroscopic techniques (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscoy and Fluorescence Spectroscopy) complemented with electron microscopy in order to characterize PrP(185-208) as an amyloid peptide.
The results show that PrP(185-208) is able to form amyloid aggregates following a nucleation-dependent polymerization only in the presence of heparin or negatively charged model membranes. The formed fibers show the typical amyloid morphology. Whereas Aβ(1-28) fragment is not toxic, as already known, 25% of the viability cell population in a neuronal cell line is reduced in the presence of PrP(185-208). Once the prion peptide was characterized as an amyloid, we checked the possible anti-amyloid properties of dendrimers, branched and globular polymers with a densely positive surface. Dendrimers ability to interfere with the aggregation process, modulating fibril formation is shown.
Tirado, Godàs Raquel. "Concentracions plasmàtiques d’heme oxigenasa-1, inflamació de baix grau i rigidesa arterial en l’obesitat mòrbida amb síndrome d’apnea-hipopnea del son. efecte de la cirurgia bariàtrica." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/393965.
Full textMorbid obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are mutually reinforced and share common pathological mechanisms involved in their etiology and comorbidity, such as low-degree inflammation and an increase in oxidative stress and sympathetic activity. These mechanisms have been associated with an increase in arterial stiffness, which occurs in obesity and OSA and involves a higher prevalence of cardiovascular morbidity. Therefore, it would be useful to identify common therapeutic targets in order to develop new treatments directed to decrease low-degree inflammation and arterial stiffness in both pathologies. One of these targets might be the heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), a new adipokine with beneficial effects on oxidative stress, inflammatory stress, and the cardiovascular system, and which has been scarcely studied in obesity and OSA. Thus, in patients with morbid obesity and OSA without continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), we assessed the impact of OSA severity on HO-1 plasmatic levels, low-degree inflamation, and arterial stiffness, as well as the effect of bariatric surgery on these. We studied 88 patients, before and 1 year after surgical intervention. Blood pressure, anthropometric parameters, HOMA insulin resistance index, and plasmatic levels of HO-1 (Elisa Kit bioNova científica, s.l.Madrid), TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and adiponectin (Milliplex Catalog, Merk Millipore, Madrid) were studied. In order to measure arterial stiffness, we studied pulse wave velocity (PWV) and the heart-rate adjusted augmentation index (Alx@75) by applanation tonometry (Sphygmocor ® version 7.0 AtCor Medical, Sidney, Australia). We also conducted a respiratory polysomnography (CE-Series Compumedics, Victoria, Austrialia). Before surgical intervention, higher levels of low-degree inflammation and arterial stiffness were seen at higher OSA severity, but this was not the case for HO-1. Low-degree inflammation was directly related to hypoxemia, whereas arterial stiffness was related to OSA severity indices. The observed differences in arterial stiffness were mainly accounted for antihypertensive therapy and age. Bariatric surgery decreased HO-1 levels, low-degree inflammation and arterial stiffness. Surgery impact on HO-1 and low-degree inflammation was greater in the high severity OSA group, while the improvement over arterial stiffness was greater in patients with moderate OSA. HO-1 decrease was positively related to the decrease in insulin resistance and, in the sever OSA group, it was related to the decrease in PCR plasmatic levels. The improvement in low-degree inflammation was associated to the improvement in anthropometric parameters and hypoxia. The reduction in arterial stiffness was positively related to excess weight loss and inflammation improvement, and this reduction was higher in those patients with lower SAHS severity and higher fat percentage before surgery. Our results show that OSA severity has consequences in the inflammation and arterial stiffness of patients with morbid obesity, and that bariatric surgery alleviates these, as a consequence of the improvement in the indices of the sleep breathing disorder and the anthropometric parameters. They also show that bariatric surgery decreases HO-1 plasmatic levels in patients with morbid obesity and OSA, and that this decrease is related to the improvement in inflammation and insulin resistance, suggesting that the adipokine plays a role in inflammation and metabolism.
Vidal, Flor Mercè. "Avaluació de l´impacte del programa d’atenció i educació terapèutica dirigit a joves amb diabetis mellitus tipus 1 traslladats de centres pediàtrics a un hospital d’adults." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669266.
Full textThe management and care of people with type 1 diabetes is especially complex during adolescence, a period that coincides with the necessary transfer of these adolescents from the pediatric center to the adult unit. This dissertation evaluates the process that adolescents and their families follow in the transition period, and evaluates the impact of the therapeutic education and care program they carry out during the first year in the adult center. Initially and at 12 months the parameters of metabolic control, self-management of the treatment, level of diabetes knowledge, perception of hypoglycemia and quality of life were evaluated. Results are compared based on different treatment modalities; insulin pump versus multiple doses of insulin and depending on the degree of adherence to the treatment. It also analyzes the narratives made by adolescences and their families before and one year later to evaluate the strengths, weaknesses and strategies for improving the program.
Pérez, Bosque Anna. "Efectes de la suplementació dietètica amb proteïnes plasmàtiques sobre les propietats de barrera i de defensa de la mucosa intestinal en un model d'inflamació." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1830.
Full textEn aquest treball, s'ha estudiat els efectes de la suplementació dietètica amb proteïnes plasmàtiques (concentrat de plasma i concentrat d'immunoglobulines) sobre diferents aspectes de la fisiologia intestinal en rates inflamades amb l'enterotoxina B d'Staphylococcus aureus (SEB). Els animals utilitzats han estat rates Wistar-Lewis mascles de 21 dies d'edat (deslletament). Aquests animals han estat alimentats durant 14 dies amb pinsos suplementats amb un 8% de concentrat de plasma (SDAP) o bé amb 4,7% de concentrat d'immunoglobulina (IC). Les rates han estat administrades intraperitonealment amb 50 μg de SEB els dies 30 i 33 i s'han sacrificat al cap de 48 h (35 dies).
El SEB no modifica cap de les variables sistèmiques analitzades: ni immunoglobulina G (IgG) ni la IgA sèriques així com tampoc diferents variables hematològiques ni les diferents poblacions limfocitàries analitzades a la melsa. En canvi, les rates inflamades presenten un increment important en l'activació dels limfòcits T col·laboradors, tant a les plaques de Peyer (PP) com a ganglis limfàtics mesentèrics (GLM). Ambdós teixits estan implicats en la inducció de la resposta immunitària. Els animals inflamats amb SEB també mostren un increment del contingut d'aigua en femtes, infiltració de neutròfils a la mucosa intestinal i un increment de la permeabilitat capil·lar a la zona.
El SEB també altera les funcions de barrera i d'absorció de nutrients. L'enterotoxina redueix l'expressió de proteïnes de la unió estreta i de la unió adherent (ZO-1 i β-catenina, respectivament), així com del transportador de la D-glucosa, afectant així tant la funció de permeabilitat com la d'absorció de nutrients.
L'alimentació amb pinsos suplementats amb SDAP o IC evita l'efecte de l'enterotoxina sobre l'activació dels limfòcits T col·laboradors de les plaques de Peyer, sense prevenir l'activació dels limfòcits T dels ganglis limfàtics mesentèrics, ni la infiltració de neutròfils a la zona mucosal ni l'increment de la permeabilitat capil·lar de la zona. La suplementació dietètica amb SDAP (i en menor grau el IC) redueix el contingut d'aigua en femtes i atenua els efectes del SEB sobre l'epiteli, tant sobre l'absorció de nutrients com sobre l'expressió de proteïnes de les unions estreta i adherent.
En resum, l'addició de concentrats de plasma a la dieta en l'etapa que segueix el deslletament afecta la distribució d'algunes poblacions limfocitàries durant la resposta a la inflamació induïda per una enterotoxina de S. aureus, que impedeix una activació exagerada del sistema immunitari; alhora, l'SDAP afavoreix l'absorció d'alguns nutrients energètics i la integritat de l'epiteli. Tot plegat recolza la hipòtesi que la suplementació dietètica amb SDAP millora l'aprofitament energètic dels nutrients i redueix la probabilitat que agents químics i infecciosos puguin penetrar a la circulació sanguínia a través de la barrera epitelial.
The aim of this study was to determine the potential modulatory effects of diets supplemented with spray-dried animal plasma (SDAP) or immunoglobulin concentrates (IC) on the of intestinal physiology of rats challenged with "Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B" (SEB). Lewis rats were fed diets containing 8% of SDAP, 4.7% of IC or milk proteins (Control diet) from postnatal day 21 (weaning) for 14 days. On days 30 and 33, rats were given SEB (50 μg; i.p.).
SEB induced an intestinal inflammation characterized by effects on intestinal immune system, on barrier function and on nutrient absorption. SEB administered rats showed an increase in T lymphocytes activation (in particular T helper lymphocytes) in Peyer's Patches and in mesenteric lymph nodes, both responsible of immune response induction. Inflamed rats also showed an increase in water content in feces, neutrophil infiltration in intestinal mucosa, as well as an increase in local capillary permeability.
SEB also alter barrier and nutrient absorption functions. The enterotoxin reduces the expression of proteins of the tight junction and of the adherent junction (ZO-1 and β-catenina, respectively), as well as the transporter of D-glucosa.
Feeding with SDAP or IC supplementation prevents the effect of the enterotoxin on the activation of T helper lymphocytes in Peyer's patches. The dietary supplementation with SDAP (and in lower extent IC) reduces water content in feces and attenuates SEB effects on the epithelium, as well as on nutrients absorption and on the expression of proteins from tight and adherent junctions.
In conclusion, the addition of plasma concentrates on feeding in the weaning period affects the distribution of some lymphocyte populations in the immune response to S. aureus, which prevents an overstimulation of intestinal immune system; at the same time, SDAP enhances the absorption of different energetic nutrients and the integrity of the epithelium. All in all supports the hypothesis that dietary supplementation with SDAP improves the nutrient intake and reduces the probability that chemic and infectious agents can enter to blood stream across the epithelial barrier.
KEY WORDS: "Staphylococcus aureus", rat, intestinal inflammation, permeability, gut-associated immune tissue, SGLT-1, tight junction, spray-dried animal plasma, immunoglobulin concentrate, protein supplementation.
Garcia, Linares Carles. "Finding genes related to homologous recombination as modifiers of the number of dermal neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients / Estudi sobre la implicació dels gens de recombinació homòloga com a modificadors del nombre de neurofibromes dèrmics en pacients amb Neurofibromatosi tipus 1." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/97356.
Full textEls pacients amb Neurofibromatosi tipus 1 presenten una gran variabilitat en les seves manifestacions clíniques. El tret més característic és l’aparició de neurofibromes dèrmics, els quals poden aparèixer a decenes o milers en un pacient. L’objectiu principal de la present tesi ha estat identificar aquells gens i variants al•lèliques responsables del nombre de neurofibromes desenvolupats pels pacients NF1. Per a realitzar aquest treball ens hem centrat en estudiar les cèl•lules de Schwann, les portadores de la doble inactivació del gen NF1, i el mecanisme de recombinació homòloga, responsable d’un alt percentatge de les inactivacions somàtiques del gen NF1. En la primera part del treball vam caracteritzar els pacients NF1 de forma clínica, analitzant el sexe, edat i el nombre de neurofibromes desenvolupats, i molecular a nivell tumoral, determinant la presència de LOH i els mecanismes mutacionals generadors d’aquesta. Així, vam establir una prevalença de LOH als pacients d’un 23.7%, éssent el mecanisme de recombinació homòloga el més frequent, i vam obtenir una possible correlació entre tenir un elevat percentatge de recombinació homòloga generant LOHs i un elevat nombre de neurofibromes desenvolupats. A més, vam desenvolupar la tècnica de MMPA per a facilitar l’anàlisi de neurofibromes dèrmics, la qual pot ser aplicada a l’anàlisi d’altres tumors. La segona part del treball consistia en identificar gens candidats responsables del nombre de neurofibromes desenvolupats pels pacients NF1. Vam decidir utilitzar el llevat com a organisme model per a estudiar el mecanisme de recombinació homòloga, i obtenir gens candidats relacionats amb aquest mecanisme. Vam desenvolupar la tècnica HoReYe per a obtenir la taxa de recombinació homòloga en diferents soques de llevat. A més, vam idear les tècniques que s’haurien d’utilitzar posteriorment per a determinar les variants al•lèliques responsables d’aquestes taxes. En la tercera part del treball els gens candidats es van analitzar, tant per sequenciació per Sanger, com per seqüenciació de próxima generació. La intenció era trobar variants tant rares com comunes, per a no perdre cap tipus de variabilitat en l’anàlisi. En aquest treball s’han introduit les bases per a identificar, en pacients prèviament caracteritzats, els gens responsables del nombre de neurofibromes desenvolupats en pacients NF1.
Rotllan, Vila Noemi. "Avaluació del transport revers de colesterol específic de macròfags en ratolins amb modificacions genètiques en proteïnes que intervenen a l'estructura i metabolisme de l'HDL: APOA-II, CETP, ABCA-1 i ABCG5-G8." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/1900.
Full textL'ApoA-II és la segona proteïna més abundant en l'HDL. La proteïna transferidora d' èsters de colesterol (CETP) actúa intercanviant èsters de colesterol per triglicèrids entre les partícules d'HDL i les lipoproteïnes que contenen apoB. El transportador ABCA1 és una proteïna reguladora del flux de colesterol. El transportador ABCG5-G8 és una proteïna reguladora de l'excreció biliar. Totes aquestes son proteïnes que intervenen en la estructura i metabolisme de l'HDL, però es desconeix el seu paper en el transport revers de colesterol específic de macròfags (TRC).
HIPÒTESI DEL TREBALL:
Estudis clínics i epidemiològics han demostrat l'existència d'una relació inversa entre la concentració en plasma de colesterol HDL i el risc de patir malalties cardiovasculars aterotrombòtiques. Aquest efectes cardioprotectors son atribuïts al paper de l'HDL en el TRC, i especialment el transport revers de colesterol específic de macròfags. L'expressió i/o inactivació selectiva de gens en ratolins ha permès d'obtenir una valuosa informació sobre el paper fisiològic d'aquestes proteïnes involucrades en aquest mecanisme potencial de prevenció de l'aterogènesi per part de les HDL. Així la modificació d'aquestes proteïnes en ratolins modificats genèticament ens permetrà estudiar com afecta el TRC i explicar així el paper aterogènic d'aquests ratolins.
CONCLUSIONS:
Del primer article vam concloure que malgrat la deficiència d'HDL que presentaven els ratolins transgènics d'apoA-II humana, el TRC des de macròfags a femtes in vivo funcionava de forma efectiva. Els nostres resultats també suggereixen que l'augment de les lesions arterioscleròtiques trobades en els ratolins transgènics d'apoA-II alimentats amb dieta rica en greixos no són degudes al bloqueig del TRC específic de macròfags. Resultats previs suggereixen que l'apoA-II podria exercir el seu efecte proaterogènic reduint les propietats antioxidants de l'HDL.
Del segon article vam concloure que la deficiència del transportador ABCA-1 en ratolins knockout reduïa el TRC específic de macròfags in vivo. Aquest resultats demostren la importància d'ABCA-1 en aquesta funció antiaterogènica de les HDL i, demostren la possible relació entre la disminució del TRC depenent de macròfags i l'augment de la susceptibilitat a l'arteriosclerosi.
Del tercer article vam concloure que l'expressió de CETP de macaco o humana en ratolins transgènics no afectava al TRC específic de macròfags in vivo ni les propietats antioxidants de l'HDL. L'efecte proaterogènic de l'expressió de CETP en ratolins sembla doncs degut a mecanismes independents d'aquestes dues funcions antiaterogèniques de les HDL.
I finalment, en l'últim article vam concloure que la deficiència del transportador ABCG5/G8 en ratolins knockout no alterava el TRC des de macròfags a femtes in vivo. Tanmateix, l'expressió ABCG5/G8 és necessària per a la inducció del TRC específic de macròfags induït pels agonistes de LXR. Els nostres resultats donen suport a la hipòtesi que aquests transportadors tenen un paper determinant en la fase final d'aquesta via i els confirmen com a dianes moleculars de gran interès per a prevenir o tractar l'arteriosclerosi.
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that increased HDL is a protective factor against atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The evaluation of antiatherogenic functions of HDL is an important area of research which includes the role of HDL in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), especially macrophage-specific RCT, and its antioxidant and antiinflammatory roles.
The development of transgenic and knockout mice provides us a lot of information about the role of some proteins that are important in these potencial antiatherogenic mechanisms.
We studied four proteins that are important in the HDL metabolism: apoA-II is the second major HDL protein. The action of CETP results in a heteroexchange between HDL cholesteryl ester and VLDL- or chymolicron -triglycerides. The ABCA-1 transporter is a protein that regulates the cholesterol efflux. The ABCG5/G8 transporter is a crucial protein for hepatobiliary and intestinal sterol excretion. Thus, the modification of these proteins in genetical modified mice and the development of a new strategy to mesure the macrophage-specific RCT in vivo permit us to know the atherogenic role of these mice.
We concluded that human apoA-II maintains effective RCT from macrophages to feces in vivo despite an HDL deficiency. These findings suggest that the increased atherosclerotic lesions observed in apoA-II transgenic mice fed an atherogenic diet are not due to impairment in macrophage-specific RCT. The results of the study with ABCA-1 knockout mice provide definitive in vivo evidence of the crucial role of ABCA1 in macrophage-specific RCT. This fact may also indicate, together with previous works, that ABCA1 exerts, at least in part, its antiatherogenic effect by promoting macrophage-specific RCT. The CETP overexpression in transgenic mice does not affect RCT from macrophages to feces in vivo or the protection conferred by HDL against LDL oxidative modification. Finally, the results of the study with ABCG5/G8 demonstrate that the presence of ABCG5/G8 transporters is required for LXR-mediated induction of macrophage-specific RCT, and support the hypothesis that these transporters play a key role in the final step of this pathway. These data also suggest that upregulation of ABCG5/G8 may be an effective strategy to increase macrophage-specific RCT and reduce atherosclerosis.
Murillo, Vallés Marta. "Impacto del uso de cuestionarios de calidad de vida relacionada con la salud vía internet en la práctica clínica en niños y adolescentes con diabetes mellitus tipo 1." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/662781.
Full textType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease that affects all aspects of patient’s life. This study assesses the impact of systematic monitoring of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) via Internet in clinical practice in children and adolescents with T1DM. A multicenter longitudinal study was designed on 136 patients recruited from five hospitals Barcelona (72 girls, mean age 13.4 years and range 8-19 years, average HbA1c: 7.5 ± 1%). Sociodemographic and mental health variables were collected in addition to the clinical variables. HRQOL was assessed using the EuroQol-5D and KIDSCREEN indexes collected online. During the follow-up year, the patients were divided into two groups and only the intervention group discussed the results of the HRQOL with the physician at each visit (intervention group, n: 70). Complete data were collected for 119 patients (87.5%). At baseline, a descriptive study was carried out concluding that diabetic patients report similar HRQOL than the general population with worse physical well-being (score <50). HRQOL correlated with age, HbA1c and mental health; and age (coefficient B= -0.93), single-parent families (B= -15.2), adherence to treatment (B= 4.34) and mental health (B= -0.7) were the most influential factors. Over time, at the end of the study, better HRQOL scores (Effect size, ES= 0.56) were seen in the intervention group, especially in the dimensions of psychological well-being (B= 4.32) and school environment (B= 4.64); mental health (B= -0.78 [psychological well-being] and -0.43 [school environment]), family dysfunction (B= -2.99 and -3.7, respectively) and adherence to treatment (B = 3.7) were the most influential factors. There was no improvement in metabolic control. The study shows some factors to be taken into account to improve HRQOL in this population and also the feasibility of using Internet to collect this information in clinical practice.
Oviedo, Castillo Silvia. "Forecasting and decision support for type 1 diabetes insulin therapy using machine learning." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667332.
Full textLa teràpia amb insulina per a pacients amb T1D tenen vàries ramificacions amb diferents graus d’automatització. Els avenços en sensors i dispositius de monitorització comporten un increment en la disponibilitat de dades. A més a més, l’ús d’algoritmes d’aprenentatge automàtic s’han popularitzat, facilitant així el desenvolupament de models per pronosticar Glucosa en Sang (GS) amb major facilitat. No obstant això, preveure els nivells de GS és una tasca complexa per a finestres de predicció més enllà de 30 minuts, i més encara, amb dades errònies o absents, la qual cosa és una limitació molt freqüent en aquest camp. Aquesta tesis està dedicada a la generació de models basats en aprenentatge automàtic per predir ja siguin nivells de GS utilitzant algoritmes de regressió o hipoglucèmia postprandial utilitzant algoritmes de classificació. L’aplicació d’aquests models van des de la teràpia de múltiples injeccions diàries (MID), fins a la teràpia SAP
Massó, Guijarro Paloma. "«Un aleph en el callejón del gato. Espacio, cuerpo y ritual: una antropología de los tratamientos de heroína para la adicción a opiáceos en la biopolítica de la reducción de daños»." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285316.
Full textSince the nineties, there has been an intense medical, legal, political and media debate around the use of heroin as a maintenance treatment according to the harm reduction paradigm, reaching tested in several countries in Europe and North America and institutionalized in some of them. In my research, firstly I analyze the scientific discourses oriented to legitimate heroin prescription to methadone refractory drug users. After a critical view about the hegemonic epistemological models in this area, I justify my theoretical framework to analyze the heroin addiction treatments as a technology of power. So, through a system of tropes around the space, the body and ritual, in correspondence with the concepts of ‘heterotopia’ (Foucault), ‘esperpento’ junkie (Valle-Inclán) and ‘carnivalization’ (Bakhtin), respectively, I describe both a cartography and an anatomy of drug use control and yonqui abnormality, which will serve as coordinates to locate politically the heroin treatments. Following my interpretative proposal, an ethnographic approach to the Andalusian narcotics prescription centre (PEPSA) is presented to study the microphysics of power performed through this governmentality strategy. Though a ritual structure which shapes this clinical device, I analyze the processes of subjectivation, embodiment and resistances experienced by the users, framed within a dialogic perspective of the therapeutic encounter. In conclusion, despite the conflicts associated to the liminality of this technology, the ritual of care works as performative mechanism to transform the social identities for most users, accomplishing a “re-generative” function.
Ferrero, Gimeno Macarena. "Mecanismos moleculares que regulan la capacidad oncogénica de AIB 1." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de València, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/41730.
Full textCell signaling comprises a complex process which involves multiple cofactors that regulate transcriptional activity. Altered expression or modification of these cofactors might result in gene expression changes, provoke alterations in cell cycle and lead to several pathologies, including cancer. Therefore, it is essential that amount and function of these molecules are highly regulated. Amplified in breast cancer (AIB1), a member of the steroid receptor coactivator family, is a transcriptional coactivator, not only for nuclear receptors but also for several transcription factors. Compelling evidences reveal AIB1 as a clear oncogen. AIB1 amplification and/or its overexpression occur in many human tumors. Experiments in rodents have demonstrated that AIB1 alone is sufficient to initiate tumorigenesis. However, AIB1 deficiency protects from tumors. The mechanisms of AIB1 to promote cancer initiation, progression, and endocrine resistance involve a variety of signaling pathways. Regulation of cell proliferation, survival and migration through these pathways suggest a central role of AIB1 in tumorigenesis. Although great progress has been made to understand the structure and function of AIB1, the mechanisms which lead to its overexpression are still unknown. A few studies have suggested that increased levels of AIB1 in cancer might be attributable to both transcriptional activation and post-translational stabilization. However, protein stabilization represents another important mechanism. In this work, factors involved in stability regulation, degradation and activity of AIB1 have been studied. Nuclear localization correlates with lower AIB1 half-life and facilitates its degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. PI3K/AKT signaling pathway inhibition results in higher instability for AIB1. However, deletion of the AIB1 PEST motif leads to greater protein stability. A novel mitotic-specific phosphorylation of AIB1 has been identified. Cdk1-cyclin B1 phosphorylates AIB1, and this modification is reverted during mitosis exit by a phosphatase sensitive to okadaic acid and calyculin A. AIB1 mitotic-phosphorylation seems to affect its subcellular distribution and its coactivation activity. Data presented in this work are essential for the comprehension of aspects linked to AIB1 levels and activity. Nonetheless, more research is required for determining the exact mechanisms by which AIB1 promotes tumorigenesis and for establishing AIB1 as a tumoral marker as well as a therapeutic target in cancer.
Oestreicher, Zachery Walter John. "Magnetotactic Bacteria: Isolation, Imaging, and Biomineralization." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1354146141.
Full textOozeer, Fazal. "Investigation of mutants of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 defective in C-1 oxidation." Thesis, Open University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309114.
Full textSun, Fengqiang. "Physical and functional interaction of A2B adenosine receptor with alpha-actinin-1/." View abstract or full-text, 2009. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?BIOL%202009%20SUN.
Full textBueno, Lilian Lacerda. "Resposta imune celular e humoral de pacientes infectadospor Plasmodium vivax frente ao antígeno 1 de membrana apical(AMA-1)." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-8GXJ4R.
Full textCarroll, Paul Victor. "The metabolic effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in type 1 diabetes mellitus and the effects of glutamine supplementation, growth hormone and IGF-1 in critical illness." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391630.
Full textStone, Sharareh. "Characterisation and linkage mapping of C-1 negative mutants of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1." Thesis, Brunel University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328905.
Full textHartmann, Marc [Verfasser]. "Zivilrechtliche Anspruchskonkurrenz - Unlautere AGB als Gegenstand von § 3a UWG und § 1 UKlaG - / Marc Hartmann." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1219215198/34.
Full textClark, Kylienne Annette. "Diverse Applications of Magnetotactic Bacteria." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1397571008.
Full textMaraschi, Andrea <1985>. "Mangia, bevi, ama. Cibo e rituali alimentari del matrimonio nell'Occidente altomedievale." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/6160/1/Maraschi_Andrea_tesi.pdf.
Full textThe research focuses on the study of the importance of food in wedding celebrations of Western Europe from the VIth to the XIth century. It was used a corpus of sources which features texts of different genres: chronicles, annals, hagiographies, legislative texts, to which it was added a deep analysis of the ancient icelandic sagas. After an introduction mainly centred on the publicity of the celebration, the research examines marriage as a "process" from the point of view of food rituality: the toasts and the banquets set up to ratify the betrothal and the repeated banquets for the celebration of the wedding. The research also analyzes some cross matters, such as the study of the case of the "drunk betrothal literature", a literary tradition where the betrothal between the two protagonists is always ratified through a toast; furthermore, a historical-anthropological analysis deals with the "culture of exceeding", typical of medieval food rituals of marriage, compared to the contemporary "culture of saving". Then the thesis examines the reiterate prohibitions that the Church imposed to clergy relating their attendance to wedding feasts and banquets, common trait of the whole Middle Ages. Finally, the conclusive part of the study is centred on the medieval reception of two biblical figures that set as background a wedding banquet: the parable of the wedding banquet and the wedding of Cana. The persistent presence of these two scenes in the words of Bible commentators proves the extraordinary efficacy of the "food language", a linguisitic code based on food (and on backgrounds such as agriculture, fishing, etc.) as an instrument for mass social communication with an essentially universal anthropological value.
McKeeman, G. C. "The measurement of circulation soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sFlt-1)." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273085.
Full textCaligiana, Alberto <1988>. "Innovative therapeutic approaches for the atrophic Age-related Macular Degeneration (“dry” AMD)." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9143/1/caligiana_alberto_tesi.pdf.
Full textFinally, during the period abroad of my PhD program, I studied through an RNA-sequencing strategy how statins might exert a protective role in AMD. Following previous findings from my host laboratory, I investigated if treating ARPE-19 cells and primary culture of RPE cells with different concentrations of Atorvastatin could induce modification in expression of genes related to fundamental pathways as phagocytosis, debris removal and lipid metabolism. I was able to detect any genes involved in these modifications, without being able to prove a clear trend indicating a massive pathways involvement.
Kutlu, Aygün. "AGB-Kontrolle bei stationärer Krankenhausaufnahme." Berlin Heidelberg New York Springer, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2775105&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textKutlu, Aygün. "AGB-Kontrolle bei stationärer Krankenhausaufnahme /." Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2775105&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textCorset, Véronique. "La signalisation de la nétrine-1 via les récepteurs DCC et A2b dans le guidage axonal." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10084.
Full textBarbedo, Mayara de Brito. "Expressão do Antígeno 1 de Membrana Apical (AMA-1) de Plasmodium vivax na superfície de células COS-7 transfectadas para uso em estudos funcionais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9136/tde-10102017-164300/.
Full textThe Apical Membrane Antigen (AMA-1) of Plasmodium merozoites is one of the main candidates to be part of a vaccine against malaria. The biological function of AMA-1 is unknown. However, there are evidences that suggest the participation of this protein in the interaction with erythrocytes (RBC) of different Plasmodium species. Using transfected COS-7 cells with recombinant plasmids encoding different portions of the PvAMA-1 ectodomain, our aim was to identify possible domains of PvAMA-1 able to interact with human RBC. The genes that encoded domains I and II in combination or domain III of PvAMA-1 were cloned into the pDisplay-EGFP vector. This vector allows expression of the protein fused to the N-terminus of enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP). In parallel, we also used constructions containing the genes that encoded the 19 kDa C-terminal region of Merozoite Surface Protein 1 (PvMSP119) and region II of the Duffy Binding Protein (PvDBP-RII). Constructions were used to transiently transfect COS-7 cells. The efficiency of expression of all constructs was confirmed by immunofluorescence assay using specific antibodies. After that, we studied the participation of the different domains of PvAMA-1 in the binding to human RBC. We found that COS-7 cells expressing domains I-II, but not domain III, bound to human RBC in vitro. This binding was specific, because sera from malaria-infected patients and mouse polyclonal sera containing antibodies to PvAMA-1 were able to block the adhesion by 82.0% and 79.8%, respectively. Moreover, monoclonal antibodies directed against domain II were partially inhibitory in the cytoadherence assays. The receptor recognized on the surface of COS-7 cells expressing the domains I and II was partially removed after human RBC were treated with trypsin or chymotrypsin, suggesting that its composition is predominantly protein. In conclusion, our results can be used as basis for future studies aimed at better understating the function of the antibodies generated during the natural infection or after vaccination with PVAMA-1.
Nelte, Katja. "Das Berufsbild des Rechtsanwalts als Auslegunghilfe für den Rechtsbesorgungsbegriff des Art. 1 [section]1 Abs. 1 S.1 RBerG und seine Positionierung im RDG-Ref. E /." Bonn : Dt. Anwalt-Verl, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015735311&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full text蔡彥堅 and Yan-Jian Cai. "1." 碩士, 國立中正大學, 1986. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22086CCU04065001%22.&searchmode=basic.
Full text蔡彥堅 and yann-chien Tsai. "1." 碩士, 國立中正大學, 1986. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/cgi-bin/gs32/gsweb.cgi/login?o=dnclcdr&s=id=%22086CCU00065011%22.&searchmode=basic.
Full textLila, Mohd Azmi Mohd. "The immune response to equine herpesvirus type-1 (EHV-1) in a murine laboratory model." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.319879.
Full textLacasse, Simon. "Conception, fabrication et caractérisation d’un panneau adaptatif en composite avec actionneurs en AMF intégrés." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2013. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/1159/1/LACASSE_Simon.pdf.
Full textLapenna, Emilio <1986>. "COSMIC-LAB: Unexpected Results from High-resolution Spectra of AGB Stars in Globular Clusters." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7234/1/lapenna_emilio_tesi.pdf.
Full textPeachey, Julie A. "Endolithin-1 and its effects on isolated respiratory tissue." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305589.
Full textHARBOE, PAULA BRANDAO. "ANALYSIS OF CYLINDRICAL OBSTACLES IN WAVEGUIDES RECTANGULAR AMD CIRCULAR." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1991. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=8842@1.
Full textNeste trabalho, o efeito de um obstáculo cilíndrico do tipo poste em guias de ondas retangulares e circulares é o objeto de estudo. Considerando-se um poste metálico em um guia de ondas retangular, utiliza-se o método dos momentos e diádicas de Green como técnica de obtenção de soluções. Utilizando a mesma metodologia, estada-se um poste metálico em um guia de ondas circular. A análise de um poste dielétrico em guias de ondas retangular e circular é feita através da técnica perturbacional.
In this work, the effect of a cylindrical obstacle such as a post in rectangular and circular waveguides is the subject of study. Considering a metallic post in a rectangular waveguide, the Method of Moments and the Dyadic Green s Functions are applied to obtain the solutions. The same methodology is used to study a metallic post in a circular waveguide. A perturbational analysis is carried out to study a dielectric pos in retangular and circular waveguides.