Journal articles: 'Alyssum'

1

Alexander, Meena. "Sweet Alyssum." World Literature Today 68, no. 2 (1994): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40150141.

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ADIGÜZEL, N., and R. D. REEVES. "A NEW NICKEL-ACCUMULATING SPECIES OF ALYSSUM (CRUCIFERAE) FROM WESTERN TURKEY." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 59, no. 2 (June 2002): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428602000033.

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Bartolucci, Fabrizio, and Fabio Conti. "Alyssum desertorum Stapf (Brassicaceae), new for the Italian flora." Acta Botanica Croatica 75, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/botcro-2016-0006.

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Abstract The occurrence of Alyssum desertorum, a species belonging to A. sect. Alyssum, is reported for the first time in Italy. It was found in Abruzzo (central Italy) in the territory of National Park of Gran Sasso and Laga mountains and surrounding areas. Morphological similarities with the other taxa recorded in Italy belonging to A. sect. Alyssum are briefly discussed. Information about the typification of the name, habitat, phenology and distribution in Italy are also provided.

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AKTÜRK, CEREN, and ÖZER YILMAZ. "Morphological, Anatomical, Palynological and Karyological Studies on Endemic Alyssum kaynakiae (Brassicaceae) from Southwest Region of Turkey." Phytotaxa 555, no. 3 (July 26, 2022): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.555.3.2.

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Alyssum kaynakiae is an endemic biennial species growing in Southwest Anatolia, Turkey. In this study, the morphology of this taxon was revised, and its anatomical, palynological, and karyological characteristics were analysed for the first time. Alyssum kaynakiae has been considered part of the traditional Alyssum sect. Gamosepalum. Alyssum kaynakiae has diploid chromosome number 2n=16. It has a primary structure in the root and stem, collenchyma located under the epidermis in the root and under the cortex layer in the stem, and vascular bundles varying between 9 to 11. Leaves are isolateral, stomata are at the same level as the epidermis, and both sides of the leaves have lepidote hairs. Its palynological features are compatible with the Brassicaceae family, with its pollen type being tricolpate, its pollen shape being prolate, and its ornamentation being reticulate.

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Tiwari, S., N. Dickinson, D. J. Saville, and S. D. Wratten. "Host plant selection by the wheat bug Nysius huttoni (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) on a range of potential trap plant species." New Zealand Plant Protection 70 (July 26, 2017): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2017.70.77.

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Nysius huttoni is an endemic New Zealand insect pest. Its feeding can seriously reduce crop establishment in forage brassicas. A series of choice, no-choice and paired-choice tests were conducted in a controlled- temperature room to evaluate the pest’s host preferences on seedlings of eight plant species: Lobularia maritima (alyssum), Triticum aestivum (wheat), Phacelia tanacetifolia (phacelia), Fagopyrum esculentum (buckwheat), Coriandrum sativum (coriander), Trifolium repens (white clover) and Medicago sativa (alfalfa), and Brassica oleracea (kale) as a potentially susceptible control. In choice tests, wheat was the most preferred followed by alyssum, buckwheat and phacelia, all being signi cantly more favoured than kale. Survival rate of wheat bugs over 120 h was: on phacelia (71.0%), clover (69.0%), alyssum (48.0%) and wheat (47%), which were all signi cantly higher than on kale seedlings. Alyssum and wheat were more susceptible to N. huttoni feeding damage than were other tested plants. High survival rates were recorded in paired choice tests on kale and alyssum (78.3%) compared with the other paired choice tests. The implications of these ndings are important for developing ecological management strategies in, or around, forage brassica elds.

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Leroux, Gilles D., R. Gordon Harvey, Neal A. Jorgensen, and Michael Collins. "Influence of Hoary Alyssum (Berteroa incana) on Quality of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Forage and Its Utilization by Goats." Weed Science 33, no. 2 (March 1985): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500082266.

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The chemical composition and the utilization by domestic goats (Capra hircusL. ‘Saanen’) of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) hay and silage that contained or did not contain hoary alyssum [Berteroa incana(L.) DC. ♯ BEFIN] was studied. Alfalfa was higher in quality than hoary alyssum; crude protein (CP) was 38% higher, and the neutral- and acid-detergent fiber (NDF and ADF) were 18 and 29% lower, respectively. Less CP and more ADF were found in weedy hay than in other forages. Animal utilization, as measured by the dry-matter intake, digestible dry-matter intake, relative intake, and nutritive value index were greater for weed-free than for weedy forages. Hoary alyssum was more deleterious in chopped silage than in long hay, because of selective refusal of the weed by goats that were fed hay. The presence of hoary alyssum in alfalfa decreased its utilization by ruminants.

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Mirzadeh Vaghefi, Saeede Sadat, Mostafa Asadi, and Masoud Sheidaee. "A new species of the genus Alyssum section Alyssum (Brassicaceae) from Iran." Nova Biologica Reperta 3, no. 2 (September 1, 2016): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21859/acadpub.nbr.3.2.145.

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ŠPANIEL, STANISLAV. "Two new combinations and a new synonym in the genus Odontarrhena (Brassicaceae)." Phytotaxa 406, no. 4 (June 19, 2019): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.406.4.4.

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In the recent treatment of the tribe Alysseae (Španiel et al. 2015), many taxa of the genus Alyssum Linnaeus (1753: 650) were transferred to Odontarrhena C.A.Mey. ex Ledebour (1830: 15). Odontarrhena clearly differs from Alyssum in molecular markers and morphological characters such as a predominantly compound inflorescence and monospermous locules of silicles (versus a usually simple raceme and silicles with two seeds in each locule). A list of accepted species and numerous new combinations of Odontarrhena were recently published (Španiel et al. 2015). However, two species names, Alyssum mozaffarianii Kavousi (2001: 48) and A. baldaccii Vierhapper ex Nyárády (1928: 123), were previously overlooked or misinterpreted and their respective combinations within Odontarrhena were not established. The new combinations are presented here together with taxonomic notes, a new synonym and newly designated lectotypes of four names of Odontarrhena taxa.

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9

Afsharypuor, S., and G. B. Lockwood. "Flavonoid Glucuronides from Alyssum minimum." Journal of Natural Products 49, no. 5 (September 1986): 944–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np50047a041.

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Küpper, Hendrik, Enzo Lombi, Fang‐Jie Zhao, Gerlinde Wieshammer, and Steve P. McGrath. "Cellular compartmentation of nickel in the hyperaccumulators Alyssum lesbiacum, Alyssum bertolonii and Thlaspi goesingense." Journal of Experimental Botany 52, no. 365 (December 1, 2001): 2291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/52.365.2291.

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Veljic, M., P. D. Marin, Z. Krivosej, and B. Ljubic. "Vascular flora of the Uvac River Gorge in Serbia." Archives of Biological Sciences 58, no. 2 (2006): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/abs0602125v.

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During research on the vascular flora of the Uvac River Gorge, 730 species and infraspecific taxa from 87 families were found. The most numerous representatives were from the families Asteraceae (81 taxa), Fabaceae (57), Poaceae (55) and Lamiaceae (47). Hemicryptophytes were the dominant life form (56,6%); in the chorological sense, the most numerous were sub-Central-European (16,3 %) and Euro-Asian species (11,5 %). The following endemic species were recorded: Alyssum markgrafii, Valeriana simplicifolia, Cicerbita pancicii, Lamium bifidum balcanicum, Alyssum corymbosum, Fumana bonapartei, Euphorbia glabriflora, and Potentilla visianii.

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12

Ghasemi, Rasoul, Zohreh Zare Chavoshi, Robert S. Boyd, and Nishanta Rajakaruna. "Calcium : magnesium ratio affects environmental stress sensitivity in the serpentine-endemic Alyssum inflatum (Brassicaceae)." Australian Journal of Botany 63, no. 2 (2015): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt14235.

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Plants endemic to serpentine soils are adapted to harsh environmental conditions typical of those soils, particularly, low (<1) calcium (Ca) : magnesium (Mg) ratios. We compared survival of two perennial Alyssum species native to Iran under experimental manipulations of Ca : Mg ratio, including when Ca : Mg ratio was varied under conditions of high ammonium concentration and heat stress. Alyssum inflatum is a serpentine endemic capable of nickel (Ni) hyperaccumulation, whereas A. lanceolatum is found on non-serpentine soils and is not known to hyperaccumulate Ni. We grew plants of both species under four Ca : Mg ratios (0.4, 2, 20, 40) and tested survival when plants were exposed to elevated ammonium levels (0, 1 and 4 mM) and heat stress (control conditions vs a 5-h 36°C treatment daily for 5 days). Alyssum lanceolatum was more tolerant of Ca : Mg ratio variation (100% survival in all treatments), whereas A. inflatum survival was maximum at Ca : Mg = 2, reduced at Ca : Mg = 0.4, and very low for Ca : Mg ratios of 20 and 40. Alyssum lanceolatum also tolerated ammonium and heat stress, whereas survival of A. inflatum declined at higher Ca : Mg ratios when subjected to both stresses. We conclude that at higher Ca : Mg ratios, the serpentine endemic has reduced tolerance for these environmental stresses and may be more susceptible to human-driven climate change-associated stressors than the non-serpentine species.

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German, Dmitry A. "(2058) Proposal to conserve Odontarrhena obovata (Alyssum obovatum ), nom. cons. prop., against Alyssum fischerianum (Cruciferae )." TAXON 61, no. 2 (April 2012): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tax.612023.

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14

Tiwari, Sundar, David J. Saville, and Stephen D. Wratten. "Preferences of the wheat bug (Nysius huttoni) for particular growth stages of the potential trap crop, alyssum (Lobularia maritima)." New Zealand Plant Protection 72 (July 22, 2019): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2019.72.269.

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The New Zealand endemic wheat bug, Nysius huttoni (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), is a pest of brassica seedlings. However, it has a wide host range comprising almost all cultivated brassicas, cereals and many other cultivated crops, as well as weeds. The brassica alyssum (Lobularia maritima) is a potential trap crop of N. huttoni, having the potential to keep the bugs away from seedlings. Laboratory no-choice and choice tests evaluated the relative preference of N. huttoni for two major growth stages of alyssum – vegetative and flowering. In both bioassays, N. huttoni adults settled significantly more promptly on the flowering than on the vegetative stage. The same preference was evident for adult numbers settling. Survival was higher on the flowering (38%) than on the vegetative stage (28%), although this was not significant. The implications of these findings are important in the design of trap cropping protocols for N. huttoni management. Flowering alyssum in brassica fields can also potentially improve pest biological control and provide other ecosystem services that can contribute to mitigating diminished ecosystem functions in agriculture.

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Francis, A., and S. I. Warwick. "The biology of Canadian weeds. 142. Camelina alyssum (Mill.) Thell.; C. microcarpa Andrz. ex DC.; C. sativa (L.) Crantz." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 89, no. 4 (July 1, 2009): 791–810. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps08185.

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This paper summarizes biological information on three cruciferous weed species: Camelina alyssum, C. microcarpa and C. sativa. Camelina sativa, which had been gathered or cultivated as an oil seed for many centuries in Europe, was the first to reach North America as a weed, towards the mid-19th century, gradually spreading across the prairies, mainly in crops, to British Columbia and the Northwest Territory. The most common of the three species in North America, C. microcarpa, arrived in the late 19th century, and subsequently appeared at numerous crop and uncultivated sites across the country, probably in cargo as the railways expanded. Camelina alyssum appeared in the early 20th century at restricted sites on the prairies, mostly in Saskatchewan. All three species have diminished in importance as crop weeds in western Canada over the past few decades. This reduction could be related to increased weed control by herbicides. Herbicide-resistant biotypes have recently been reported in C. microcarpa. Camelina sativa has attracted renewed interest as an oil crop, because of an adaptation to various climatic conditions, low nutrient requirements and resistance to disease and pests. In Europe, where it is now widely grown, it has shown considerable potential in the food, animal feed, nutraceutical, paint, dye, cosmetic and biofuel industries. In North America, it is being grown on a trial basis mainly for its potential as a biofuel in Alberta, Saskatchewan, the Maritime Provinces, and the northern United States of America.Key words: Flat-seeded false flax, small-seeded false flax, large-seeded false flax, caméline alysson, caméline à petits fruits, caméline cultivée, weed biology

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Reynolds, R. Jason B., Rachel R. Jones, Gavin C. Stonehouse, Ali F. El Mehdawi, Leonardo W. Lima, Sirine C. Fakra, and Elizabeth A. H. Pilon-Smits. "Identification and physiological comparison of plant species that show positive or negative co-occurrence with selenium hyperaccumulators." Metallomics 12, no. 1 (2020): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9mt00217k.

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17

Warwick, Suzanne I., Connie A. Sauder, and Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz. "Phylogenetic relationships in the tribe Alysseae (Brassicaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal ITS DNA sequences." Botany 86, no. 4 (April 2008): 315–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b08-013.

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Sequence data from the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of 85 species (131 accessions) were used to determine the tribal limits, monophyly status, and phylogenetic intra-tribal relationships of genera within the tribe Alysseae (Brassicaceae). Both maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses support the recognition of the tribe Alysseae s. str. (12 genera: Alyssoides , Alyssum , Aurinia , Berteroa , Bornmuellera , Clastopus , Clypeola , Degenia , Fibigia , Galitzkya , Hormathophylla , and Physoptychis ). Six well-supported clades were recognized within the Alysseae clade, including two Alyssum clades (one of which includes Clypeola ), an Alyssoides and allies clade (includes Alyssoides , Bornmuellera , Clastopus , Degenia , Fibigia , Hormathophylla , and Physoptychis ), a Berteroa and allies clade (includes Aurinia , Berteroa , and Galitzkya ), a Bornmuellera clade, and a Hormathophylla clade. Morphological and cytological support for these clades is reviewed. The ITS data support the exclusion of the following taxa from the Alysseae, with appropriate tribal assignment given in parentheses: Alyssum klimesii Al-Shehbaz (Camelineae), Asperuginoides (unresolved), Athysanus (Arabideae), Botschantzevia (Arabideae), Didymophysa (unresolved), Farsetia (Malcolmieae), Lobularia (Malcolmieae), and Ptilotrichum (Arabideae). Farsetia and Lobularia are inferred to be monophyletic, and based on molecular and morphological characters they are assigned to Malcolmieae, a recently described tribe.

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Ghaderian, S. Majid, Rasoul Ghasemi, Hosniye Heidari, and Saiede Vazirifar. "Effects of Ni on superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase activities and thiol groups: a comparative study between Alyssum hyperaccumulator and non-accumulator species." Australian Journal of Botany 63, no. 2 (2015): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt14282.

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In this study we investigated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR) and total thiol groups in two Ni hyperaccumulator species, Alyssum inflatum Nyárády and Alyssum bracteatum Boiss. & Bushe, and a non-accumulator species (Alyssum saxatile (L.) Desv.). Plants were exposed to different concentrations of Ni (0, 100, 300 and 500 μM for hyperaccumulators and 0, 10 and 20 μM Ni for the non-accumulator) in solution culture. The accumulation of Ni, the influence of Ni on dry biomass, and SOD, GR and total thiol activities were measured. The results showed a growth retardation effect by Ni in all plants. The activity of SOD strongly decreased with increase in Ni concentration in A. inflatum whereas the other Ni hyperaccumulator, A. bracteatum, showed less decrease. In contrast, a positive link between SOD activity and Ni concentrations was observed in shoots and roots of A. saxatile. The GR and total thiol activities were increased in the hyperaccumulator plants by increase in Ni concentration, but no changes were observed in A. saxatile. The results indicate that in hyperaccumulators, the accumulation of Ni could negatively affect some vital physiological processes.

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Pusz, Agnieszka, Magdalena Wiśniewska, and Dominik Rogalski. "Assessment of the Accumulation Ability of Festuca rubra L. and Alyssum saxatile L. Tested on Soils Contaminated with Zn, Cd, Ni, Pb, Cr, and Cu." Resources 10, no. 5 (May 9, 2021): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources10050046.

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The contamination of soils with metals applies, in particular, to areas related to industry, the mining of raw materials and ores, transport, and agriculture. Unlike organic materials, metals cannot degrade over time and need to be reduced, removed, or immobilized in soil. One of the remediation methods for soils contaminated with metals is phytoextraction, which uses plants’ ability to accumulate metals in their own tissues. Metals enter the plant organism through the roots and are transported to the aboveground parts, where they are accumulated. In this study, we evaluated the phytoaccumulative abilities of two plant species tested on soils from industrial areas contaminated with metals to different extents (Zn, Cd, Ni, Pb, Cr, and Cu). The research was conducted for three years under the conditions of a pot experiment. In order to obtain four soils with varying degrees of metal contamination, two soils from industrial areas, G1 (contaminated) and G2 (uncontaminated), were mixed in the following ratios: 1:1, 1:3, 1:7, and 1:9. In the phytoremediation process, Festuca rubra L. and Alyssum saxatile L. were tested. After analyzing the results of the bioconcentration factor (BCF) for the tested plants, it was noted that both of the tested plants accumulated Cd and Zn more easily, followed by Cu, Ni, and Cr, and then Pb to a lesser extent. The values of factors for Cd and Zn were correlated with the high mobility of these elements compared to other metals and their relatively easy uptake by plants. Alyssum saxatile L. has an ability to accumulate Cd compared to Festuca rubra L., which is confirmed by the BCF (0.764) and transfer factor (TF) (3.5) (for 1:7 combination) values. The calculated results for the BCFs for Alyssum saxatile L. are less than one for all tested metals, which allows us to state that Alyssum saxatile L. is not an accumulator.

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Golkar, Pooran, Ahmad Fotoohi, and Claudio Frezza. "Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Evaluation of the Phenolic Compositions and Antioxidant Activities of Four Iranian Alyssum Species." Current Bioactive Compounds 16, no. 5 (July 16, 2020): 581–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573407215666190215152137.

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Background: Alyssum L. is a genus of herbaceous perennial or annual plants belonging to the Brassicaceae family. Little is known about biochemical properties of Alyssum species, specially endemics to Iran. In particular, the species were A. homolocarpum (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Boiss., A. lepidotum Boiss., A. maritimum (L.) Lam. (now syn. of Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv.) and A. simplex Rudolph. and eight accessions were studied. These diverse species accessions were collected in six different areas. Materials and Methods: In this work, the Total Phenolic Content (TPC), the Total Flavonoid Content (TFD), the Total Flavonol Content (TFL), the Carotenoid content (Car) and the Anthocyanin content (Ant) of the leaf methanolic extracts of four Alyssum L. species collected in Iran, were assessed. The antioxidant activity assay for every extract obtained from the eight accessions was also carried out according to three distinct methodologies including three different methods including: DPPH, Beta carotene/ linoleic acid and phosphomolibdate assays. Results: The highest TPC, TFD and TFL values were separately observed in two different accessions of A. lepidotum whereas the highest carotenoid content was observed in one accession of A. homolocarpum and the highest anthocyanin content was observed in A. maritimum. Different results were observed for different methodolies for antioxidant evaluations methods and some of them were found to have values, expressed in mg/mL, much lower with respect to the control. The least DPPH activity and the highest total antioxidant activity with phosphomolybdate assay was found in A. lepidotum. Conclusion: The preliminary phytochemical screening and the evaluation of their antioxidant activities were reported here for the first time for Iranian Alyssum species. The findings eventually recommends, the use of those accessions in the ethnopharmacological and nutraceutical fields.

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Teptina, Anzhelika Yu, and Alexander G. Paukov. "Nickel accumulation by species of Alyssum and Noccaea (Brassicaceae) from ultramafic soils in the Urals, Russia." Australian Journal of Botany 63, no. 2 (2015): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/bt14265.

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Cool temperate regions have a limited number of species able to accumulate nickel (Ni) and other heavy metals in above-ground tissues. Our study was conducted in order to find accumulators of Ni on serpentine soils in the Middle and Southern Urals. Above-ground tissues of plants as well as soil samples were collected in 10 ultramafic massifs. Our results confirmed hyperaccumulation activity of Alyssum obovatum (C.A.Mey.) Turcz. Three species that appeared to be hemi-accumulators of Ni are Alyssum litvinovii Knjaz., Alyssum tortuosum Willd. and Noccaea thlaspidioides (Pall.) F.K.Mey. All these species are facultative accumulators/hyperaccumulators and exhibit different concentrations of Ni under a range of soil conditions. The highest Ni concentration was found in A. obovatum in Krakinskiy massif (6008 μg·g–1 dry mass), A. tortuosum (1789 μg·g–1) and A. litvinovii (160 μg·g–1) in Khabarninskiy massif, and N. thlaspidioides (741 μg·g–1) in Sugomakskiy massif (Southern Urals). Regression analysis shows statistically significant dependence of Ni concentrations in soil and tissue of both A. obovatum and A. tortuosum. The latter shows a dramatically high difference in the level of accumulation that varies from excluder to 20 μg g–1 Ni to hyperaccumulator levels, suggesting the existence of genetically distinct populations with the ability to vary their accumulation of Ni.

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GÜLTEKIN, LEVENT. "A new species of the weevil genus Ceutorhynchus Germar from Eastern Mediterranean Turkey (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)." Zootaxa 883, no. 1 (March 7, 2005): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.883.1.1.

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Vaughn, Steven F., Debra E. Palmquist, Sandra M. Duval, and Mark A. Berhow. "Herbicidal activity of glucosinolate-containing seedmeals." Weed Science 54, no. 4 (August 2006): 743–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ws-06-007r.1.

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Defatted seedmeals from 15 glucosinolate-containing plant species were analyzed for herbicidal activity by determining inhibition of seedling emergence when added to a sandy loam soil containing wheat and sicklepod seeds at concentrations of 0.1, 0.5, and 1% (w/w). In general, the seedmeals were more phytotoxic to wheat than sicklepod. For wheat, all of the seedmeals significantly inhibited seedling emergence at the 1.0% concentration. At the 0.1% concentration three of the seedmeals (Indian mustard, money plant, and field pennycress) completely inhibited wheat emergence. For sicklepod emergence, eight of the seedmeals were completely inhibitory at the 1% level (Indian mustard, field pennycress, garden rocket, Siberian wallflower, English wallflower, garden cress, sweet alyssum, and evening stock) and four were completely inhibitory at the 0.5% level (brown mustard, garden rocket, English wallflower, and sweet alyssum). Intact glucosinolates and their corresponding hydrolysis products varied among the seedmeals with the highest activity. Major hydrolysis products produced by the seedmeals with the most phytotoxicity, respectively, included 2-propenyl (allyl) isothiocyanate (AITC) by brown mustard seedmeal, allyl thiocyanate and AITC by field pennycress seedmeal, erucin (4-methylthiobutyl isothiocyanate) by arugula seedmeal, 3-butenyl isothiocyanate and lesquerellin (6-methylthiohexyl isothiocyanate) by sweet alyssum seedmeal, and isopropyl isothiocyanate by money plant seedmeal. From our data it appears that both the type and concentration of glucosinolates and their hydrolysis products present in the seedmeals affect seed-emergence inhibition.

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Burgio, G., E. Marchesini, N. Reggiani, G. Montepaone, P. Schiatti, and D. Sommaggio. "Habitat management of organic vineyard in Northern Italy: the role of cover plants management on arthropod functional biodiversity." Bulletin of Entomological Research 106, no. 6 (June 17, 2016): 759–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007485316000493.

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AbstractThe effect of cover plants on arthropod functional biodiversity was investigated in a vineyard in Northern Italy, through a 3-year field experiment. The following six ground cover plants were tested: Sweet Alyssum; Phacelia; Buckwheat; Faba Bean; Vetch and Oat; control. Arthropods were sampled using different techniques, including collection of leaves, vacuum sampling and sweeping net. Ground cover plant management significantly affected arthropod fauna, including beneficial groups providing ecosystem services like biological control against pests. Many beneficial groups were attracted by ground cover treatments in comparison with control, showing an aggregative numerical response in the plots managed with some of the selected plant species. Alyssum, Buckwheat and ‘Vetch and Oat’ mixture showed attractiveness on some Hymenoptera parasitoid families, which represented 72.3% of the insects collected by sweeping net and 45.7 by vacuum sampling. Phytoseiidae mites showed a significant increase on leaves of the vineyard plots managed with ground covers, in comparison with control, although they did not show any difference among the treatments. In general, the tested ground cover treatments did not increase dangerous Homoptera populations in comparison with control, with the exception of Alyssum. The potential of ground cover plant management in Italian vineyards is discussed: the overall lack of potential negative effects of the plants tested, combined with an aggregative numerical response for many beneficials, seems to show a potential for their use in Northern Italy vineyards.

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AYTAÇ, ZEKI, and HAYRI DUMAN. "ALYSSUM NEZAKETIAE: NEW SPECIES FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 48, no. 4 (January 1, 2000): 317–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1560/crfr-q6p3-bq6h-c99v.

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Kavousi, K., Z. Nazari, and H. Ejtehadi. "Synopsis of the genus Alyssum in Iran." Acta Botanica Hungarica 57, no. 3-4 (September 2015): 283–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/034.57.2015.3-4.4.

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AYTAç, ZEKI, and HAYRI DUMAN. "ALYSSUM NEZAKETIAE: NEW SPECIES FROM CENTRAL ANATOLIA." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 48, no. 4 (January 1, 2000): 317–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1092/crfr-q6p3-bq6h-c99v.

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Barzanti, R., I. Colzi, M. Arnetoli, A. Gallo, S. Pignattelli, R. Gabbrielli, and C. Gonnelli. "Cadmium phytoextraction potential of different Alyssum species." Journal of Hazardous Materials 196 (November 2011): 66–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.08.075.

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Mobli, Ahmadreza, Ali Ghanbari, and Mehdi Rastgoo. "Determination of Cardinal Temperatures of Flax-leaf Alyssum (Alyssum linifolium) in Response to Salinity, pH, and Drought Stress." Weed Science 66, no. 4 (June 12, 2018): 470–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2018.19.

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AbstractFlax-leaf alyssum (Alyssum linifoliumSteph. ex. Willd.) is a winter weed species in irrigated and dryland farming systems of Iran. Experiments were conducted to compare the cardinal temperatures ofA. linifoliumat different levels of drought, salt concentration, and pH. In all experiments, the dent-like model showed a better fit than the quadratic polynomial model.Alyssum linifoliumproduced the highest germination rates at pH 7 and a temperature of 20C in nonstress treatment. Minimum, optimum, and ceiling temperatures in the dent-like model were 4.1 (upper=26.8, lower=10.0) and 35C, and in the quadratic polynomial model were 3.3, 19.1, and 35.0C, respectively. At increased salinity and drought potential levels, the minimum temperature increased, while optimum and ceiling temperatures decreased. Seeds could germinate at up to 20 dS m−1and −1 MPa, respectively, but germination rate and percentage significantly decreased. The seeds of this weed germinated across a wide range of pH values (4≤pH≥8), but the temperature range at which seeds could germinate was reduced. These data serve as guidelines for species-specific propagation protocols and agricultural decision support systems.

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Orcan, Nermin. "A NEW ALYSSUM RECORD FOR THE FLORA OF TURKEY." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 47, no. 4 (May 13, 1999): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1999.10676787.

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Alyssum obovatum (C.A. Meyer) Turc. (Cruciferae/Brassiceae) is reported, for the first time, as new to the flora of Turkey. A description and illustrations based on the new Turkish material are provided.

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Knjazev, М. "Notes on some species of Brassicaceae in Urals and adjacent territories." Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 42 (2011): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2011.42.136.

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New data on distribution of some rare species of the family Brassicaceae Juss. in Urals and adjacent territories are cited, taxonomic status of Arabis borealis Andrz. is discussed, a new species Alyssum litvinovii Knjasev is described.

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Araj, S. A., S. D. Wratten, A. J. Lister A, and H. L. Buckley. "Floral nectar affects longevity of the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi and its hyperparasitoid Dendrocerus aphidum." New Zealand Plant Protection 59 (August 1, 2006): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2006.59.4537.

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In this study the potential consequences of making a three or fourtrophic level system more complex by adding floral resources was studied in the laboratory for a range of plant nectar sources the aphid parasitoid Aphidius ervi and its hyperparasitoid Dendrocerus aphidum Parasitoids exposed to flowering buckwheat survived 45 times longer than those in the control (water only) and 34 times longer than those provided with phacelia alyssum or coriander Hyperarasitoids provided with buckwheat survived 56 times longer than those in the control and 35 times longer than those on the other flowering plants Buckwheat phacelia alyssum and coriander can therefore enhance the fitness of A ervi without benefiting its aphid host which does not feed on nectar However the fitness of the hyperparasitoid may increase relatively more than that of the parasitoid depending on the nectar source

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ŠPANIEL, STANISLAV, KLAUS KAPLAN, MAURIZIO BOVIO, LENKA MÁRTONFIOVÁ, and VERONIKA CETLOVÁ. "Alyssum rossetii (Brassicaceae), a new species from the Aosta Valley in Italy based on morphological and genome size data." Phytotaxa 360, no. 3 (July 17, 2018): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.360.3.7.

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Alyssum rossetii, a stenoendemic madwort discovered on a mountain slope in the Valpelline valley (northern part of the Aosta Valley in the Pennine Alps), is described here as a new species. It is a perennial that is morphologically close to the Alyssum montanum-A. repens complex, with several hitherto neglected peculiar morphological characters. Here we present a full description of the new taxon, including information on its chromosome number, genome size and ecology, as well as a detailed morphological comparison of the new species with four related taxa occuring in the broader region, namely A. flexicaule, A. montanum, A. orophilum and A. rhodanense. Besides morphological differences, the new species also conspicuously differs from the other taxa in relative monoploid genome size. According to the IUCN Red List categories and criteria, it should be classified as Endangered.

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Lohr, Virginia I., and Caroline H. Pearson-Mims. "ORGANIC MATTER INCORPORATION AND IRRIGATION RATES FOR BEDDING PLANTS." HortScience 26, no. 6 (June 1991): 716G—716. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.26.6.716g.

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The effect of organic matter addition and irrigation rates on the growth of bedding plants was found to vary with species. Marigold and sweet alyssum were field-grown with or without added peat moss under normal or 50 percent reduced irrigation. Regardless of organic matter treatment, marigolds with reduced irrigation were shorter than those with normal irrigation. Under normal irrigation, adding organic matter had no effect on height. Under reduced irrigation, incorporating organic matter was beneficial to marigolds: plants in these plots were 10% taller than plants under reduced irrigation without added organic matter. Sweet alyssum, a relatively drought-tolerant plant, was wider under reduced than under normal irrigation. It did not benefit from added organic matter: plants grown with added organic matter were 17% narrower than those without added organic matter, regardless of irrigation level. Blanket recommendations to add organic matter to conserve water should be avoided.

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Vinterhalter, B., and D. Vinterhalter. "Nickel hyperaccumulation in shoot cultures of Alyssum markgrafii." Biologia plantarum 49, no. 1 (March 1, 2005): 121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00000-005-1124-z.

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Ribeiro, André L., and Lessando M. Gontijo. "Alyssum flowers promote biological control of collard pests." BioControl 62, no. 2 (January 4, 2017): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10526-016-9783-7.

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Dorofeyev, V. I. "Nomenclatural novelties in the family Cruciferae (Brassicaceae) of the Russian flora." Novitates Systematicae Plantarum Vascularium 48 (2017): 136–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2017.48.136.

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A new variety, Alyssum obovatum (C. A. Mey.) Turcz. var. paradoxum Serg., var. nova, and a new nomenclatural combination, Arabidopsis kamchatica (Fisch. ex DC.) A. P. Iljinsk. comb. et stat. nov., are validly published, the latter with an avowed authorship of A. P. Iljinska.

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Leigh Broadhurst, C., Ryan V. Tappero, Timothy K. Maugel, Eric F. Erbe, Donald L. Sparks, and Rufus L. Chaney. "Interaction of nickel and manganese in accumulation and localization in leaves of the Ni hyperaccumulators Alyssum murale and Alyssum corsicum." Plant and Soil 314, no. 1-2 (August 2, 2008): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11104-008-9703-4.

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Asemaneh, T., S. M. Ghaderian, S. A. Crawford, A. T. Marshall, and A. J. M. Baker. "Cellular and subcellular compartmentation of Ni in the Eurasian serpentine plants Alyssum bracteatum, Alyssum murale (Brassicaceae) and Cleome heratensis (Capparaceae)." Planta 225, no. 1 (July 5, 2006): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00425-006-0340-y.

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Mobli, A., S. Mijani, A. Ghanbari, and M. Rastgoo. "Seed germination and emergence of two flax-leaf alyssum (Alyssum linifolium Steph. ex. Willd.) populations in response to environmental factors." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 9 (2019): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp19162.

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Flax-leaf alyssum (Alyssum linifolium Steph. ex. Willd.) is a winter growing annual weed species widely distributed in many semi-arid cropping regions of Iran, especially in the Khorasan Razavi and East Azerbaijan provinces. The germination of two populations (one each from Khorasan Razavi and East Azerbaijan) of this weed was evaluated under different experimental conditions. Seeds of A. linifolium germinated over a wide range of day/night temperature regimes, with the highest germination percentage observed with a regimen of 20°C/10°C. Light was not required for germination for either population, and >70% seeds germinated under all photoperiods tested. Germination was affected by pH levels; seeds germinated over the pH range 4–9 and germination was maximum at pH 7. For the Khorasan Razavi and East Azerbaijan populations, ≥50% of seeds germinated at a water potential of –0.69 and –0.78 MPa and salinity of 12.64 and 11.7 dS m–1 respectively. Maximum seedling emergence occurred when seeds were slightly covered with soil, but emergence decreased with increasing depth of soil cover, with no emergence at depths >3 cm. These results indicate that A. linifolium germinates in a wide range of climatic conditions and could invade into new regions. Burying the seeds through tillage may reduce their emergence.

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Tiwari, Sundar. "Assessment of Trap Crops for The Wheat Bug, Nysius huttoni Management: A Cage Study." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 9, no. 4 (December 29, 2021): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v9i4.41893.

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The wheat bug, Nysius huttoni, is an endemic New Zealand insect pest. Its feeding can seriously reduce crop establishment in forage A cage study was conducted in Lincoln University, New Zealand to evaluate the pest’s host preferences on four plant species. Kale plants (Brassica oleracea) were used as a potentially susceptible control and other four trap plants were tested to evaluate as potential trap-plants. These were: Lobularia maritima (alyssum), Triticum aestivum (wheat), Coriandrum sativum (coriander) and Trifolium repens (white clover). The alyssum plant was more attractive to the wheat bug. The survival rate and preferences of the wheat bug was significantly better than other four plants. The deployment of such flowering trap crops can potentially trap the wheat bug and also provide multiple ecosystem services (ES) in an agro-ecosystem. The findings can be used to develop the wheat bug management protocol and also potentially provide ecosystem services in brassica fields.

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NOORI, MITRA, ZAHRA BAGHAEIFAR, ABDOLKARIM CHEHREGANI, and FARZANEH FARAKI. "Seeds characters, pollen fertility and flavonoids of ten Brassicaceae collected near a kilns thermal power plant for air pollution bioindication." Nusantara Bioscience 10, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 96–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci/n100206.

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Noori M, Baghaeifar Z, Chehregani A, Faraki F. 2018. Seeds characters, pollen fertility and flavonoids of ten Brassicaceae collected near a kilns thermal power plant for air pollution bioindication. Nusantara Bioscience 10: 96-104. Shazand Steam Power Plant located on North-East of Shazand, Iran began to work from 2000. The power plant necessity fuel is natural gas and mostly heavy fuel oil. The most pollutant of power plant is sulfur compounds in addition to nitric and carbon mono oxide. Because environmental pollutants influence plant fertility and chemical compounds, therefore this study was done on ten wild Brassicaceae (Alyssum linifolium var. linifolium, Alyssum longistylum, Alyssum marginatum, Choriospora persica, Clypeola lappacea, Conringia perfoliata, Descurainia sophia, Goldbachia laevigata, Isatis kotschyana and Neslia apiculata) taxa collected from the thermal power plant area for bioindication of regional air pollution comparing to controls collected 40 km away from the power plant. Brassicaceae members are important for their ecological, pastoral, medicinal and edible points. Seed width and length max. and their ratio and abnormal seed percentage were calculated. Pollen abnormality and sterility percentages determined using Muntezing’s acetocarmine and light microscopy. Also, their pollen flavonoids were semi-quantitatively assessed using two-dimensional paper and thin layer chromatography. Results showed seeds health and their dimensions reduction in polluted samples in comparison with controls. In C. lappacea significant differences of seed and pollen abnormality and pollen sterility percentages, morin and kaempferol concentrations, between control and polluted samples were observed (P≤0.05). Also, number and kind of pollen flavonoid changes especially increasing flavonoid contents were observed in polluted plants comparing to control. Studying seed and pollen characters can be used as air quality bioindicators.

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ЗОЛОТАРЕВА, Н. В., Е. Н. ПОДГАЕВСКАЯ, and М. С. КНЯЗЕВ. "ЛЕСОСТЕПНЫЕ И СТЕПНЫЕ ВИДЫ НА СЕВЕРНОМ ПРЕДЕЛЕ РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИЯ (БОТАНИЧЕСКИЕ НАХОДКИ НА ТЕРРИТОРИИ СРЕДНЕГО УРАЛА), "БОТАНИЧЕСКИЙ ЖУРНАЛ"." Ботанический журнал, no. 3 (2014): 352–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1234567814030094.

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Приведены сведения о находках 19 видов высших растений в Свердловской обл. и Республике Башкортостан, дополняющие и уточняющие данные об их распространении и границах ареалов на Среднем Урале. Впервые приводится 1 вид ( Allium podolicum) для флоры Урала и 3 вида ( Alyssum turkestanicum var. desertorum, Artemisia nitrosa, Limonium gmelinii) для флоры Свердловской области.

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BERNARDO, LILIANA, GIOVANNI MAIORCA, FRANCESCO ROMA-MARZIO, and LORENZO PERUZZI. "Alyssum doerfleri Degen (Brassicaceae), new for the Italian flora." Phytotaxa 334, no. 1 (January 12, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.334.1.2.

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Alyssum doerfleri is recorded for the first time in Italy from Monte Sellaro, Pollino National Park (southern Apennines, Calabria). Macro- and micro-morphology (including SEM study of trichomes) and karyology (2n = 16) of the Italian plants are congruent with the data available for Balkan populations. Chorological and conservation features of this species are presented and discussed.

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Hatterman-Valenti, Harlene, and Paul Mayland. "Annual Flower Injury from Sublethal Rates of Dicamba, 2,4-D, and Premixed 2,4-D + Mecoprop + Dicamba." HortScience 40, no. 3 (June 2005): 680–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.3.680.

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Greenhouse experiments were conducted to compare visible injury from sublethal rates of 2,4-D, dicamba, and a premixed product of 2,4-D + mecoprop + dicamba for eight annual flowers and to describe herbicide injury symptoms for these annual species. Herbicides were applied at rates 0.05×, 0.1×, and 0.2× of their highest labeled rate for turfgrass to simulate spray drift conditions. Visible injury varied between species, herbicide rate, and time after herbicide application. Alyssum (Lobularia maritima Desv.) showed the greatest initial injury and ageratum (Ageratum houstonianum Mill.) showed the greatest injury at 4 weeks after treatment. Symptom severity increased as herbicide rate increased, with the greatest injury from the premixed product, followed by 2,4-D, and then dicamba. The eight species varied in their degree of visible injury and flower production to dicamba, 2,4-D, and the premixed product. Reduced flowering was most obvious for prolific flowering species such as alyssum. Impatiens (Impatiens wallerana L.), salvia (Salvia splendens Sello), and snapdragon (Antirrhinum majus L.) produced more flowers in response to sublethal dicamba rates compared to the untreated plant. All rates of 2,4-D generally reduced flowering compared to untreated plants, except the lowest rate of 2,4-D for geranium (Pelargonium xhortorum Bailey) and snapdragon. Dahlia (Dahlia hortensis Cav.) sprayed with dicamba at the highest rate produced three times as many stems as plants untreated or those sprayed with 2,4-D. Overall order of species susceptibility to sublethal rates of dicamba, 2,4-D, or the premixed product from most susceptible to least susceptible was ageratum > alyssum > marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) > dahlia > geranium = salvia = snapdragon = impatiens. Differences in overall susceptibility to the plant growth regulator herbicides evaluated should provide useful information to horticulturalists designing annual flower beds and borders and lawn care applicators.

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Meyer-Morey, Jordan, Matthew Lavin, Jane Mangold, Catherine Zabinski, and Lisa J. Rew. "Indaziflam controls nonnative Alyssum spp. but negatively affects native forbs in sagebrush steppe." Invasive Plant Science and Management 14, no. 4 (October 27, 2021): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/inp.2021.31.

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Abstract Nonnative plant invasions can have devastating effects on native plant communities; conversely, management efforts can have nontarget and deleterious impacts on desirable plants. In the arid sagebrush steppe rangelands of the western United States, nonnative winter annual species affect forage production and biodiversity. One method proposed to control these species is to suppress the soil seedbank using the preemergent herbicide indaziflam. Our goal was to evaluate the efficacy of indaziflam to control nonnative annual mustards (Alyssum spp.) and to understand potential nontarget effects of management on the diverse mountain sagebrush steppe plant communities within Yellowstone National Park. Six sites were established along an elevation gradient (1,615 to 2,437 m), each with high and low Alyssum spp. infestations. We applied 63g ai ha−1 of indaziflam in late summer of 2018 and evaluated plant community cover in situ for 2 yr after treatment and emergence of forb species from the soil seedbank ex situ. Indaziflam was highly effective at controlling emergence of Alyssum spp. for 2 yr. Richness and Shannon’s diversity of the nontarget plant community were significantly lower in sprayed plots than in the control, and both decreased along the elevation gradient. These reductions were due to a decrease in perennial forbs and native annual forbs in the sprayed plots; perennial graminoids were not affected. Overall, the aboveground and seedbank community composition was negatively impacted by indaziflam, and these effects were strongest for the native annual forbs that rely on annual regeneration from the seedbank. The effects of this herbicide to the nontarget community should be evaluated beyond the length of our study time; however, we conclude that indaziflam should likely be reserved for use in areas that are severely invaded and have seedbanks that are composed of nondesirable species rather than diverse, native mountain sagebrush communities.

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Warwick, S. I., and A. Francis. "The Biology of Invasive Alien Plants in Canada. 6. Berteroa incana (L.) DC." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 86, no. 4 (October 10, 2006): 1297–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p06-030.

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The cruciferous weed Berteroa incana, hoary alyssum, has been known in temperate North America since the late 19th century, but has recently begun to spread aggressively in upland and dry areas in the Great Lakes and western foothills regions of both Canada and the United States. It is an annual, winter annual to short-lived perennial and is considered an invasive weed in turf, rangelands, pastures and forage crops, with harmful effects on horses an added concern. The species is most common on sandy gravel and poorer soils. It has recently i nvaded Christmas tree plantations in Michigan. Its prolific seed production, woody stems and deep taproot enable it to persist under dry conditions and to resist mechanical control; and it has virtually no natural enemies in North America. It can be partially controlled by herbicides in crops it has invaded, but herbicides are not generally used on rangelands, pastures, turf and natural and semi-natural areas, where it is now prevalent. Key words: Berteroa incana, hoary alyssum, bertéroa blanc, BEFIN, weed biology, invasive alien

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Wood, Bruce W., Rufus Chaney, and Mark Crawford. "Correcting Micronutrient Deficiency Using Metal Hyperaccumulators: Alyssum Biomass as a Natural Product for Nickel Deficiency Correction." HortScience 41, no. 5 (August 2006): 1231–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.5.1231.

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The existence of nickel (Ni) deficiency in certain horticultural crops merits development of fertilizer products suitable for specific niche uses and for correcting or preventing deficiency problems before marketability and yields are affected. The efficacy of satisfying plant nutritional needs for Ni using biomass of Ni hyperaccumulator species was assessed. Aqueous extraction of Alyssum murale (Waldst. & Kit.) biomass yielded a Ni-enriched extract that, upon spray application, corrects and prevents Ni deficiency in pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch]. The Ni-Alyssum biomass extract was as effective at correcting or preventing Ni deficiency as was a commercial Ni-sulfate salt. Foliar treatment of pecan with either source at ≥10 mg·L–1 Ni, regardless of source, prevented deficiency symptoms whereas treatment at less than 10 mg·L–1 Ni was only partially effective. Autumn application of Ni to foliage at 100 mg·L–1 Ni during leaf senescence resulted in enough remobilized Ni to prevent expression of morphologically based Ni deficiency symptoms the following spring. The study demonstrates that micronutrient deficiencies are potentially correctable using extracts of metal-accumulating plants.

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Касьянов, Є. "Бурачок Борзи (Alyssum borzaeanum Nyar.) у НПП "Білобережжя Святослава"." Екологічний вісник, no. 2 (120), березень - квітень (2020): 20.

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Orcan, Nermin, and Rıza Binzet. "Alyssum misirdalianum (Brassicaceae), a New Species from Southern Turkey." Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature 19, no. 4 (December 10, 2009): 494–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3417/2007142.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Alyssum'

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