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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Alyssum

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Academic literature on the topic 'Alyssum'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Alyssum"

1

Alexander, Meena. "Sweet Alyssum." World Literature Today 68, no. 2 (1994): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40150141.

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ADIGÜZEL, N., and R. D. REEVES. "A NEW NICKEL-ACCUMULATING SPECIES OF ALYSSUM (CRUCIFERAE) FROM WESTERN TURKEY." Edinburgh Journal of Botany 59, no. 2 (June 2002): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960428602000033.

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Bartolucci, Fabrizio, and Fabio Conti. "Alyssum desertorum Stapf (Brassicaceae), new for the Italian flora." Acta Botanica Croatica 75, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 149–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/botcro-2016-0006.

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Abstract The occurrence of Alyssum desertorum, a species belonging to A. sect. Alyssum, is reported for the first time in Italy. It was found in Abruzzo (central Italy) in the territory of National Park of Gran Sasso and Laga mountains and surrounding areas. Morphological similarities with the other taxa recorded in Italy belonging to A. sect. Alyssum are briefly discussed. Information about the typification of the name, habitat, phenology and distribution in Italy are also provided.

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AKTÜRK, CEREN, and ÖZER YILMAZ. "Morphological, Anatomical, Palynological and Karyological Studies on Endemic Alyssum kaynakiae (Brassicaceae) from Southwest Region of Turkey." Phytotaxa 555, no. 3 (July 26, 2022): 231–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.555.3.2.

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Alyssum kaynakiae is an endemic biennial species growing in Southwest Anatolia, Turkey. In this study, the morphology of this taxon was revised, and its anatomical, palynological, and karyological characteristics were analysed for the first time. Alyssum kaynakiae has been considered part of the traditional Alyssum sect. Gamosepalum. Alyssum kaynakiae has diploid chromosome number 2n=16. It has a primary structure in the root and stem, collenchyma located under the epidermis in the root and under the cortex layer in the stem, and vascular bundles varying between 9 to 11. Leaves are isolateral, stomata are at the same level as the epidermis, and both sides of the leaves have lepidote hairs. Its palynological features are compatible with the Brassicaceae family, with its pollen type being tricolpate, its pollen shape being prolate, and its ornamentation being reticulate.

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Tiwari, S., N. Dickinson, D. J. Saville, and S. D. Wratten. "Host plant selection by the wheat bug Nysius huttoni (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) on a range of potential trap plant species." New Zealand Plant Protection 70 (July 26, 2017): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2017.70.77.

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Nysius huttoni is an endemic New Zealand insect pest. Its feeding can seriously reduce crop establishment in forage brassicas. A series of choice, no-choice and paired-choice tests were conducted in a controlled- temperature room to evaluate the pest’s host preferences on seedlings of eight plant species: Lobularia maritima (alyssum), Triticum aestivum (wheat), Phacelia tanacetifolia (phacelia), Fagopyrum esculentum (buckwheat), Coriandrum sativum (coriander), Trifolium repens (white clover) and Medicago sativa (alfalfa), and Brassica oleracea (kale) as a potentially susceptible control. In choice tests, wheat was the most preferred followed by alyssum, buckwheat and phacelia, all being signi cantly more favoured than kale. Survival rate of wheat bugs over 120 h was: on phacelia (71.0%), clover (69.0%), alyssum (48.0%) and wheat (47%), which were all signi cantly higher than on kale seedlings. Alyssum and wheat were more susceptible to N. huttoni feeding damage than were other tested plants. High survival rates were recorded in paired choice tests on kale and alyssum (78.3%) compared with the other paired choice tests. The implications of these ndings are important for developing ecological management strategies in, or around, forage brassica elds.

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Leroux, Gilles D., R. Gordon Harvey, Neal A. Jorgensen, and Michael Collins. "Influence of Hoary Alyssum (Berteroa incana) on Quality of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Forage and Its Utilization by Goats." Weed Science 33, no. 2 (March 1985): 280–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500082266.

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The chemical composition and the utilization by domestic goats (Capra hircusL. ‘Saanen’) of alfalfa (Medicago sativaL.) hay and silage that contained or did not contain hoary alyssum [Berteroa incana(L.) DC. ♯ BEFIN] was studied. Alfalfa was higher in quality than hoary alyssum; crude protein (CP) was 38% higher, and the neutral- and acid-detergent fiber (NDF and ADF) were 18 and 29% lower, respectively. Less CP and more ADF were found in weedy hay than in other forages. Animal utilization, as measured by the dry-matter intake, digestible dry-matter intake, relative intake, and nutritive value index were greater for weed-free than for weedy forages. Hoary alyssum was more deleterious in chopped silage than in long hay, because of selective refusal of the weed by goats that were fed hay. The presence of hoary alyssum in alfalfa decreased its utilization by ruminants.

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Mirzadeh Vaghefi, Saeede Sadat, Mostafa Asadi, and Masoud Sheidaee. "A new species of the genus Alyssum section Alyssum (Brassicaceae) from Iran." Nova Biologica Reperta 3, no. 2 (September 1, 2016): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21859/acadpub.nbr.3.2.145.

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ŠPANIEL, STANISLAV. "Two new combinations and a new synonym in the genus Odontarrhena (Brassicaceae)." Phytotaxa 406, no. 4 (June 19, 2019): 250–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.406.4.4.

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In the recent treatment of the tribe Alysseae (Španiel et al. 2015), many taxa of the genus Alyssum Linnaeus (1753: 650) were transferred to Odontarrhena C.A.Mey. ex Ledebour (1830: 15). Odontarrhena clearly differs from Alyssum in molecular markers and morphological characters such as a predominantly compound inflorescence and monospermous locules of silicles (versus a usually simple raceme and silicles with two seeds in each locule). A list of accepted species and numerous new combinations of Odontarrhena were recently published (Španiel et al. 2015). However, two species names, Alyssum mozaffarianii Kavousi (2001: 48) and A. baldaccii Vierhapper ex Nyárády (1928: 123), were previously overlooked or misinterpreted and their respective combinations within Odontarrhena were not established. The new combinations are presented here together with taxonomic notes, a new synonym and newly designated lectotypes of four names of Odontarrhena taxa.

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Afsharypuor, S., and G. B. Lockwood. "Flavonoid Glucuronides from Alyssum minimum." Journal of Natural Products 49, no. 5 (September 1986): 944–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np50047a041.

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Küpper, Hendrik, Enzo Lombi, Fang‐Jie Zhao, Gerlinde Wieshammer, and Steve P. McGrath. "Cellular compartmentation of nickel in the hyperaccumulators Alyssum lesbiacum, Alyssum bertolonii and Thlaspi goesingense." Journal of Experimental Botany 52, no. 365 (December 1, 2001): 2291–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/52.365.2291.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alyssum"

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Kraemer, Ute. "Nickel hyperaccumulation in the genus Alyssum L." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318487.

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Flynn, Thomas Alexander. "Evolution of nickel hyperaccumulation in Alyssum L." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fec1aee2-897b-4da0-b756-86385a802077.

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Phylogenetic studies are providing powerful new insights into the evolution of complex traits. Metal hyperaccumulation is an unusual and complex physiological trait found in about 500 plant species and is associated with an exceptionally high degree of tolerance of metalliferous soils. Alyssum L. (Brassicaceae) is the largest known hyperaccumulator genus, comprising approximately 188 species distributed throughout the Mediterranean region and south-west Asia. Approximately one-quarter of these are largely restricted to areas of serpentine soils and have the ability to accumulate nickel to high concentrations in shoot tissue. This genus provides a good example in which to study the origins of a complex physiological trait, but its phylogeny is currently poorly understood. To produce a well-resolved phylogenetic tree to investigate the number and timing of origins of nickel hyperaccumulation within Alyssum, DNA sequences were generated for four chloroplast regions (matK, rps16–trnK, trnD–T and trnL–F) from 170 of 255 species in the tribe Alysseae. Additional sequencing was carried out for the chloroplast genes ndhF and rbcL and the nuclear gene PHYA. A Bayesian analysis employing a relaxed uncorrelated lognormal molecular clock and multiple fossil-age calibration points was carried out to reconstruct a time-calibrated phylogeny of this tribe using appropriate outgroups. Optimization of the nickel hyperaccumulation trait onto the resulting phylogenetic tree suggests that nickel hyperaccumulation arose twice in the Alysseae in the late Miocene/early Pliocene: 3.3–8.3 Mya in Alyssum and 6.3–8.8 Mya in Bornmuellera. The single origin in Alyssum is strongly associated with a significant acceleration in net species diversification rate, suggesting the ability to hyperaccumulate nickel could have provided a key evolutionary innovation facilitating rapid range expansion and subsequent species diversification. The scattered distribution of nickel hyperaccumulators across small island-like patches of serpentine soil suggests that allopatric speciation may have driven rapid diversification in this clade.

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Mugford, Sam. "The molecular basis of nickel hyperaccumulation in Alyssum L." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670183.

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Shallari, Seit. "Biodisponibilité du nickel du sol pour l'hyperaccumulateur Alyssum murale." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPL112N.

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Les plantes hyperaccumulatrices pourraient constituer une alternative ou un complément aux méthodes physico-chimiques pour le traitement des sols pollués par les métaux. L’efficacité de cette phytoextraction repose en grande partie sur la biodisponibilité des métaux présents dans les sols. La thèse était destinée à comprendre les processus de fourniture des métaux du sol aux hyperaccumulateurs. Dans ce but, une prospection de terrain a d'abord été effectuée en Albanie pour déterminer la flore métallicole présente sur des sites de serpentines présentant des teneurs élevées en Cd, Co, Cr et Ni et sur d'anciens sites industriels pollués par Cd, Cu, Pb et Zn. Puis, ayant focalisé sur l'hyperaccumulateur de Ni Alyssum murale, des cultures en vases de végétation ont été conduites afin de tester l'influence de la fertilisation phosphatée sur la biodisponibilité du Ni. Enfin, le Ni assimilable du sol par A. Murale a été caractérisé à l'aide des méthodes isotopiques, i. E. Cinétiques de dilution isotopique et marquage avec culture en vases de végétation, et les compositions isotopiques du Ni dans la solution du sol et dans la plante hyperaccumulatrice ont été comparées. Les résultats montrent que co-existent de nombreuses espèces végétales sur les sites métallifères et confirment l'abondance sur les sites de serpentine et sites industriels d'espèces du genre Alyssum ayant la propriété d'hyperaccumuler le Ni à des concentrations supérieures à 1% dans la matière sèche. La fertilité phosphorique n'est pas apparue comme un facteur limitant la croissance de A. Murale mais a occasionné une légère augmentation du prélèvement du Ni par la plante. La comparaison des compositions isotopiques du Ni dans la solution du sol et dans la plante a permis de démontrer que l'hyperaccumulateur prélève son Ni dans le pool des ions isotopiquement échangeables, c'est à dire dans le même pool que les plantes non hyperaccumulatrices. Le métal biodisponible parait ainsi être représenté par un seul compartiment dans lequel l'ensemble des plantes puisent en fonction de leur capacité de prélèvement. Après une culture de plantes hyperaccumulatrices, ce compartiment est fortement diminué.

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Stopps, Gregory James. "Biology of the rangeland weed hoary alyssum (Berteroa incana (L.) DC.)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42131.

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Hoary alyssum (Berteroa incana (L.) DC) has become a serious weed of rangelands, pastures, and forage crops in British Columbia. In order to develop effective management strategies for this weed, a sound knowledge of its biology and ecology is essential. The goal of this research is to improve our understanding of the biology of hoary alyssum and to identify vulnerable links in its persistence strategy that may be exploited to develop effective management strategies for this weed. The distribution of hoary alyssum seeds in the soil profile; the size and persistence of its seed bank; the effect of burial depth on the dynamics of seed dormancy and germination; the response to mechanical removal of flowering shoots (mowing); the potential allelopathic influence on seed germination and seedling growth of associated forage grasses; and the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the growth of hoary alyssum and associated forage grasses were investigated. Results show: (1) 93-95% of hoary alyssum seeds were present in the top 4 cm of the soil profile at infested sites in the Morrissey Creek, BC area; (2) the size of soil seed banks ranged between 0 to 132.4 million seeds ha₋¹; (3) seeds on the soil surface showed little primary dormancy, but buried seeds showed some enforced and some induced dormancy; (4) mowing of flowering shoots resulted in the release of apical dominance and the regeneration of shoots; (5) delaying mowing until later stages of flower and seed development increased plant mortality, but some plants were still able to reproduce shoots and seed; (6) leachates of hoary alyssum leaves strongly inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth of grassy species in Petri dish assays, but this allelopathic influence was not observed consistently in soil assays; (7) hoary alyssum biomass increased in response to nitrogen (urea) fertilization, but forage grasses showed no response due to leaching of this nutrient; and (8) nitrogen fertilization promoted bolting and flowering in hoary alyssum. These results improve our understanding of hoary alyssum biology, and may aid in the development of effective management strategies for this weed.

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Saad, Ramez. "Agromine associant plantes hyperaccumulatrice de nickel et légumineuse, comme service écosystémique des sols ultramafiques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0155/document.

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L’application de l’agromine à des zones ultramafiques délaissées constitue un enjeu majeur à la vue des surfaces potentiellement valorisables. Par contre, les sols ultramafiques sont particuliers avec de fortes concentrations en métaux et une quasi absence de matière organique. Malgré tout, la mise en place de l’agromine a déjà donné de bons résultats, couplée avec l’application d’herbicides et une fertilisation minérale. Notre défi a été de développer une agromine durable par la mise en place d’agro-écosystèmes basés sur l’introduction d’une légumineuse en association avec une plante hyperaccumulatrice et la suppression de tout intrant chimique. Nos résultats ont confirmé clairement que l'introduction d'une légumineuse dans l’agromine a amélioré la production de biomasse de Alyssum murale et les rendements de nickel par rapport à sa monoculture fertilisée et non fertilisée. Nos travaux ont également montré que l'insertion d'une légumineuse dans l’agromine permet d’améliorer la structure du sol avec des agrégats plus stables. De plus, de meilleures teneurs en carbone, azote et en matière organique ont été détectées. L’ensemble de ces éléments conduit ainsi à une amélioration globale de la structure du sol, de sa fertilité et de son biofonctionnement. Corrélativement, nos résultats ont mis en évidence les effets positifs de ces nouvelles pratiques, à la fois sur la taille, la diversité et les acitivités liées aux cycles biogéochimiques des communautés bactériennes. D’un point de vue écononique, l’introduction de la légumineuse dans l’agromine implique un gain financier et de temps du fait de la réduction de l'application d’engrais et de produits phytosanitaires. Enfin, tous ces avantages conduisent à une réhabilitation des sols ultramafiques avec une restauration de leurs qualités physique, chimique et biologique, tout en permettant à ces sols particuliers d’offrir plusieurs services écosystémiques
The application of agromining to abandoned ultramafic areas is a major challenge in the presence of potentially recoverable areas. Howerver, ultramafic soils are particular in terms of their fertility with high concentrations of metals and a near absence of organic matter. Nevertheless, this challenge was partly met by the application of chemical fertilizers and herbicides. Our challenge, through this PhD, was to develop a sustainable agro-ecosystem based on the introduction of a legume in association with the hyperaccumulating plant and then the reduction of any chemical input. Our results clearly confirmed that the introduction of a legume into these new cropping systems improved both the biomass production of Alyssum murale and the Ni yields in comparison to the fertilized and non-fertilized monoculture. Our work has also shown that the insertion of a legume into agromining cropping systems improves the structure of the soil due to stable and larger aggregates. In addition, higher levels of carbon and nitrogen and higher concentrations of organic matter were detected. These results led to an overall improvement of the soil structure, its fertility and its biofunctioning. Our results showed positive effects of these new cropping systems, both on the size of the bacterial communities and on the microbial enzymes involved in the soil biogeochemical cycles. In addition, the structure and diversity of bacterial communities were modified with the insertion of the legume, compared to the monoculture. Economically, the introduction of legume into cropping systems dedicated to Ni agromining involves a gain of money and time due to reduced application of mineral fertilizers as well as products of phytosanitary. Finally, all these benefits lead to the rehabilitation of ultramafic soils with the restoration of their physical, chemical and biological qualities while allowing these particular soils to offer many ecosystem services

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Barbaroux, Romain. "Développement d'un procédé hydrométallurgique de récupération du nickel." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL087N/document.

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Cette recherche s’inscrit dans le contexte de la conception d’une filière originale comprenant la phytoextraction du nickel par la plante hyperaccumulatrice Alyssum murale, endémique des sols de serpentine d’Albanie et de sa valorisation de ce nickel, l’objectif étant d’arriver à un produit à haute valeur ajoutée. Les sols de serpentine peuvent être considérés comme une ressource secondaire. Ils contiennent des concentrations élevées en nickel mais à des teneurs insuffisantes pour être exploités par l’industrie minière. La plante Alyssum murale peut extraire et concentrer le nickel dans ses tissus. Le nickel présent dans la biomasse a pu être solubilisé quasiment totalement à l’acide sulfurique, en réacteur fermé puis à contre-courant en trois étapes. Cette lixiviation a produit une solution contenant du nickel lié à des molécules organiques ainsi que d’autres métaux et composés organiques. Les procédés de raffinage directs comme la précipitation sélective ou l’électroplaquage n’ont pas permis d’isoler le nickel. Deux voies ont été explorées : (i) l’extraction par un solvant organique sélectif du nickel (Cyanex 272) suivie d’une contre extraction par une solution aqueuse et électrodéposition et (ii) la cristallisation d’un sel double à partir du lixiviat préparé après incinération de la biomasse. La première voie a permis d’obtenir le nickel métal sous forme de cathode, la seconde a conduit au sel double sulfate de nickel et d’ammonium. Les produits ont été caractérisés par différentes techniques. Une étude technico-économique a montré le fort potentiel économique de la production de sel double
This research has been done in the context of the design of an original method aiming at obtaining high added value products of nickel, combining phytoextraction and valorization. Phytoextraction is conducted with the hyperaccumulating plant Alyssum murale, endemic species of serpentine soils in Albania. Serpentine soils can be considered as secondary resources: they contain high concentrations of nickel, which are not high enough for conventional mining techniques. The plant Alyssum murale can extract and concentrate nickel in its tissues. Nickel present in the biomass could be almost totally solubilized in batch reactor and with a 3 step countercurrent process. This leaching produced a solution containing nickel bound to organic molecules and other metals and organic compounds as well. Direct separation processes (e.g. selective precipitation and electrowinning) did not enable us to obtain nickel. Two methods have been investigated: (i) extraction by an organic nickel –selective solvent (Cyanex 272), extraction by an aqueous solution and electrowinning and (ii) crystallization of a double salt, nickel ammonium sulfate, from a leaching solution obtained from biomass ashes. Nickel products were characterized by different techniques. A technico-economical study showed the high commercial potential of the double salt production

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Zhang, Xin. "Procédé hydrométallurgique pour la valorisation du nickel contenu dans les plantes hyperaccumulatrices." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0172/document.

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Certaines plantes, dites hyperaccumulatrices, ont la capacité de se développer sur des sols riches en métaux et d’accumuler ces métaux à des concentrations élevées. L’incinération de la biomasse produit des cendres qui contiennent de 10 à 25% en masse de Ni. Ce travail s’inscrit dans la continuité d’une recherche menée par l’équipe depuis plusieurs années, qui a donné lieu notamment à un brevet sur la production du sel double sulfate de nickel et d’ammonium hexahydraté (ANSH) à partir de la biomasse d’Alyssum murale. Le manuscrit comprend d’abord une synthèse bibliographique sur la phytomine, allant des hyperaccumulateurs aux procédés de valorisation, essentiellement centrée sur le nickel. Ensuite, ont été comparées quinze plantes hyperaccumulatrices (des genres Alyssum, Leptoplax et Bornmuellera) provenant d’Albanie ou de Grèce, en vue de leur application pour la phytomine. Les teneurs en nickel ont été mesurées dans les différents organes des plantes et dans les cendres obtenues par combustion. Les trois genres ont de l’intérêt pour l’application, les plantes contiennent 1 à 3% en masse de nickel et les cendres 15 à 20 %. Le procédé hydrométallurgique de production d’ANSH a été étudié étape par étape en vue d’optimiser chaque étape pour produire un sel très pur tout en économisant matière et énergie et minimisant la production d’effluents et de déchets. Ce travail a conduit à l’amélioration du procédé de départ. Enfin, de nouvelles pistes ont été proposées pour conduire à de nouveaux procédés et produits du nickel. Les résultats obtenus et la dynamique actuelle autour de la phytomine montrent l’intérêt de cette approche et annoncent son développement imminent
Some plants, known as hyperaccumulators, are able to develop on metal containing soils and to accumulate these metals at high concentrations in shoots. Biomass incineration leads to ash containing 10 to 25 wt % nickels, greater than in some mineral ores. This work follows a research that has been carried out by the team for several years, which has resulted in a patent on the hydrometallurgical production of the double salt ammonium and nickel hexahydrate (ANSH) from the biomass of Alyssum murale. It aims at improving the synthesis method of this salt in order to upscale it at the pilot scale and explore new methods leading to new products. The manuscript begins with a bibliographic review on phytomining from hyperaccumulators to metal recycling processes, essentially focused on nickel. Then ca 15 hyperaccumulator plants (genus Alyssum, Leptoplax and Bornmuellera) collected in Greece or Albania have been compared, in the objective of phytomining. Nickel concentrations were measured in the plant organs and in the ashes after combustion. The three types of plants are of great interest for the technology, they contain 1 to 3 wt % of nickel and the ashes 15 to 20%. The hydrometallurgical process of ANSH production was investigated step by step to optimize each step to produce a salt of high purity, to decrease materials and energy consumption and to minimize effluent and waste production. The process was thus improved. Eventually, new ideas have been tested for new processes and nickel products. The obtained results and the current dynamics prove the interest of phytomining and announce its imminent development

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Bettarini, Isabella. "The nickel hyperaccumulating plants of genus Odontarrhena (Brassicaceae): novel insights from molecular, physiological and biochemical analyses." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1128453.

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Due to the high nickel concentrations, serpentine soils provide a very restrictive and selective environment for plant life. Some plants, termed “Ni-hyperaccumulators”, are adapted to live on these heavy-metal-enriched soils without toxicity symptoms. Ni-hyperaccumulators are increasingly important for research on metal tolerance, homeostasis and biotechnological applications. This project aims to investigate nickel accumulation in taxa and populations of Odontarrhena, a genus of tribe Alysseae (Brassicaceae) that includes over 85 species many of which are Ni-hyperaccumulators. Based on a previous systematic study conducted on poorly-known populations of Odontarrhena native to Albania we performed a molecular study to characterize taxa and populations of this genus. To this purpose we used DNA sequencing and the AFLP-fingerprint technique to reconstruct the species phylogenetic relationships and the population differentiation patterns in relation to their distribution, ploidy level, intensity of anthropic site disturbance, altitude, soil type and metal concentration population (Ni, Cr, Co, Ca, Mg). We found significant population differentiation, dominance of within-population variation, no isolation by geographic distance and existence of six genetic groups variously represented across the six taxa possibly due to hybridization especially in disturbed sites. Next, we compared metal concentrations in native Odontarrhena populations from Albania in relation to their soil of origin. We determined the concentration of the most important trace metals (Ni, Co, Cr, Mg, Ca, K, Fe and Mn) in soil, plant roots and shoots of five taxa from 20 different outcrops. We found large differences in mineral element concentrations in soils and also between the plants; shoot Ni concentrations in Albanian Odontarrhena taxa depend on soil Ni concentrations but not on species identity. For O. chalcidica, the most widely distributed species, this “environmental fingerprint” was found not only for Ni, but also for Ca and Mg. After these investigations on native populations from the natural environment, we designed an experimental study in controlled conditions. Plant seedlings of seven taxa and 11 populations of Odontarrhena from serpentine and non-serpentine sites of the Balkan peninsula and Italy were cultivated in hydroponics with increasing NiSO4 concentrations to determine plant growth and Ni accumulation. These plantlets were analyzed to test inter- and intra-specific differences in nickel tolerance and accumulation, in relation to Ni levels in the soils and in wild plants. We found a metal stimulatory effect on growth that was present in the low-dose zone and significantly fitted the Brain-Cousens hormetic model. Taxa showed broad variation in tolerance, with the most tolerant plants requiring the highest Ni concentration for optimal growth. Our data suggested that tolerance is associated with hyperaccumulation ability. Among the obligate and facultative serpentinophytic species of Odontarrhena that have been investigated we found a notable exception, O. sibirica, a facultative serpentinophyte in which accumulation ability was enigmatic from previous studies. We addressed this issue using observational and experimental methods as in our previous researches. We found that Ni-concentrations in the native populations sampled on serpentine soils in Greece were always much lower than the hyperaccumulation threshold. When cultivated together with other Ni-accumulating Odontarrhena species on the same natural ultramafic soil, O. sibirica was the only one unable to accumulate the metal. When grown in hydroponics at different NiSO4 levels Ni-accumulation occurred only at higher concentrations which, however, had a toxic effect. This peculiar combination of Ni-response traits could be the result of a partial evolutionary loss of ability with respect to all other Ni-accumulating congeneric species. For its unique characteristics, O. sibirica could therefore represent a unique model system for further studies on the evolutionary dynamics, physiological mechanisms and genetic control of metal accumulation and homeostasis. In a parallel study, we investigated photosynthesis responses of the same plants using an experimental approach. In non-hyperaccumulator plants, toxicity symptoms to above 10 μg g-1 DW nickel concentrations in soils can include inhibition of photosynthesis, impaired nitrogen assimilation and disturbed enzyme activity. However, there is a complete lack of information about how Ni-hyperaccumulators reconcile that extraordinary amount of metal in their shoots with an efficient photosynthetic activity, or at least on which photosynthetic parameters the excess of Ni impacts less in these plants. We measured Ni effects on growth, root and shoot metal accumulation and several photosynthetic parameters, such as gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence analyses and pigments content in three Odontarrhena taxa (two hyperaccumulators, one not) grown in hydroponics and exposed to three NiSO4 treatments. We found that Ni-hyperaccumulators species are photosynthetically more efficient under Ni excess in respect to the non-accumulating species. In fact, Ni treatment in O. chalcidica increased not only the photochemical efficiency of PSII and the CO2 assimilation rate, but also the stomatal conductance. Finally, this project focused on the determination of the activity of the enzyme urease, the only Nimetalloenzyme known so far in plants, in selected Odontarrhena taxa. The hypothesis to test was whether the high basal requirement for this micronutrient in these plants could be linked to a depletion of the Ni cytosolic pool at low external metal concentration, due to hyperaccumulation mechanism and impairing urease activity. To this purpose, enzyme activity and Ni shoot concentration were determined in plants of accumulating and non-accumulating taxa of Odontarrhena cultivated on Ni-rich serpentine soil and on garden soil, as well as in samples of O. bertolonii cultivated in hydroponics at increasing Ni concentrations. Odontarrhena hyperaccumulators showed similar urease activity when grown on both kinds of soils, with no relation between the enzyme activity and the leaf Ni accumulation. Contrarily, clear indications came from the experiment in controlled conditions, where the presence of Ni determined a progressive stimulation, in respect to control samples, of the activity of the enzyme, associated with an increase in shoot metal concentration. A significant relationship was found between the levels of urease activity and the amount of Ni accumulated in the leaves. Therefore, the already known Ni-stimulated growth of O. bertolonii at increasing metal concentrations in the low-dose zone could be explained by a Ni-induced activity of urease, associable to an enhanced nitrogen metabolism, unless other still unknown physiological functions of Ni in hyperaccumulating plants.

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Sobczyk, Maria Kinga. "Application of next-generation sequencing to analysis of the genetic basis of complex traits in plants, with particular focus on nickel hyperaccumulation in the Alyssum serpyllifolium species complex." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e4de8150-385e-44ec-b25d-2e60b1ea8604.

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Reliable, high-throughput and low-cost next-generation sequencing technologies have invigorated genetic research into non-model organisms over the last decade. In this work, RNA-Seq was employed to obtain the first-ever transcriptomes of two groups of closely related plant taxa possessing distinctive complex physiological traits, namely metal hyperaccumulation and C4 photosynthesis. Metal hyperaccumulator plants possess an extraordinary ability to take up trace elements from the soil and accumulate them to high concentrations in their shoots, probably to serve as a type of elemental defence against natural enemies. Taxonomically, the most common form of metal hyperaccumulation, nickel hyperaccumulation, is encountered on nickel-rich ultramafic (serpentine) soils, and is found with the highest frequency (ca. 51 species) in the genus Alyssum (family Brassicaceae). Here, the genetic basis and evolutionary history of nickel tolerance and hyperaccumulation was investigated in the Alyssum serpyllifolium Desf. species complex, which contains both serpentine and non-serpentine populations of unresolved phylogenetic relationships on the Iberian Peninsula. Genome scans for outlier loci and differential expression analyses identified a number of candidate hyperaccumulator genes common to two serpentine populations found in Portugal and Spain, but the majority of adaptive variation was of local origin. Phylogenetic and population-genetic inferences based on neutral and putatively adaptive loci suggested that the key genes for the nickel hyperaccumulation trait evolved once and spread across serpentine populations early in the history of this species, with no genetic isolation but continued recent gene flow between serpentine and non-serpentine populations. To test the power of next-generation sequencing for analysing the genetic basis of a separate complex trait, a cross-species comparison was performed using RNA-Seq of two congeneric tropical species, the C4 plant Alternanthera pungens Kunth and the C3 plant Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. f. angustifolia Suess. (family Amaranthaceae). These species were cultivated at two different temperatures and showed significant differences in levels of overall gene expression plasticity and isoform switching in certain photosynthesis genes, which it is proposed may explain the observed difference in the ability of these two species to acclimate to low and high growth temperatures.

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Books on the topic "Alyssum"

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Borgen, Liv. Lobularia (Cruciferae): A biosystematic study with special reference to the Macaronesian region. Copenhagen: Council for Nordic Publications in Botany, 1987.

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Borgen, Liv. Lobularia (Cruciferae): A biosystematic study with special reference to the Macaronesian region. Copenhagen: Opera botanica, 1987.

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Alyssa Milano. Bear, Del: M. Lane, 2001.

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Catalano, Grace. Alyssa Milano: She's the boss. New York: Bantam Books, 1989.

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Lights, camera, action: Filmmaker Alyssa Buecker. Parsippany, N.J: Celebration Press, 2003.

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Logan, Margaret A. Sweet Alyssum: Poems. Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2007.

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Fallis, Dick. Amid Fields of Alyssum: A Year at Northern State. Stump Ranch Press, LLC, 2022.

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Sweet, J. H. Larkspur and Alyssum Meet Sniggerbly Wiskerfink (The Fairy Chronicles #29). Independently published, 2017.

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creation, Pias. I Just Really Like Alyssum: Blank Lined Notebook Gifts for Men, Women, Boys and Girls. a Beautiful Notebook for Flower Lover. Independently Published, 2021.

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Shaw, P. D. Alyssa. PublishAmerica, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Alyssum"

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Alyssum alpestre L." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 175. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_580.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Alyssum argenteum Vitm." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 175. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_581.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Alyssum constellatum Boiss." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 176. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_583.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Alyssum dasycarpum Steph." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 176. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_584.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Alyssum desertorum Stapf." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 176. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_585.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Alyssum minimum Willd." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 176–77. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_587.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Alyssum montanum L." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 177. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_588.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Alyssum parviflorum Bieb." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 177. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_590.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Alyssum rostratum Stev." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 177. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_591.

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Azimova, Shakhnoza S., and Anna I. Glushenkova. "Alyssum saxatile L." In Lipids, Lipophilic Components and Essential Oils from Plant Sources, 177–78. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-323-7_592.

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Conference papers on the topic "Alyssum"

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Terekhov, D. S., S. V. Batrakov, M. A. Elshin, and V. A. Chernego. "MOBILE CONTROL COMPLEX "ALYSSUM"." In Высокие технологии атомной отрасли. Молодежь в инновационном процессе. Саров: Российский Федеральный ядерный центр - Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной физики, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53403/9785951505033_38.

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"Генетическая структура уральских видов Alyssum L. (Brassicaceae)." In Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (SBB-2021) : The 13th International Young Scientists School;. ICG SB RAS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/sbb-plantgen-2021-45.

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Alushllari, Mirela, Antoneta Deda, and Silvana Mico. "The distribution of metals in different parts of the Alyssum murale plant." In WOMEN IN PHYSICS: 6th IUPAP International Conference on Women in Physics. AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5110137.

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Drozdova, I. V., E. M. Machs, N. V. Alekseeva-Popova, I. B. Kalimova, and A. I. Belyaeva. "North Caucasian populations of species of the genus Alyssum: mineral composition and molecular phylogenetic analysis." In IX Congress of society physiologists of plants of Russia "Plant physiology is the basis for creating plants of the future". Kazan University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.26907/978-5-00130-204-9-2019-156.

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Fagaras, Marius. "THE PLANT ASSOCIATION ALYSSO BORZAEANI � EPHEDRETUM DISTACHYAE TZONEV ET AL. 2005 IN THE WESTERN COASTAL ZONE OF THE BLACK SEA." In 15th International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference SGEM2015. Stef92 Technology, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2015/b32/s15.093.

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