Journal articles: 'Alveolar bone regeneration'

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Funda, Goker, Silvio Taschieri, Giannì Aldo Bruno, Emma Grecchi, Savadori Paolo, Donati Girolamo, and Massimo Del Fabbro. "Nanotechnology Scaffolds for Alveolar Bone Regeneration." Materials 13, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13010201.

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In oral biology, tissue engineering aims at regenerating functional tissues through a series of key events that occur during alveolar/periodontal tissue formation and growth, by means of scaffolds that deliver signaling molecules and cells. Due to their excellent physicochemical properties and biomimetic features, nanomaterials are attractive alternatives offering many advantages for stimulating cell growth and promoting tissue regeneration through tissue engineering. The main aim of this article was to review the currently available literature to provide an overview of the different nano-scale scaffolds as key factors of tissue engineering for alveolar bone regeneration procedures. In this narrative review, PubMed, Medline, Scopus and Cochrane electronic databases were searched using key words like “tissue engineering”, “regenerative medicine”, “alveolar bone defects”, “alveolar bone regeneration”, “nanomaterials”, “scaffolds”, “nanospheres” and “nanofibrous scaffolds”. No limitation regarding language, publication date and study design was set. Hand-searching of the reference list of identified articles was also undertaken. The aim of this article was to give a brief introduction to review the role of different nanoscaffolds for bone regeneration and the main focus was set to underline their role for alveolar bone regeneration procedures.

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Shimono, M., T. Inoue, and T. Yamamura. "Regeneration of Periodontal Tissues." Advances in Dental Research 2, no. 2 (November 1988): 223–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374880020020501.

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To elucidate the regenerative capability of the periodontal tissues, we carried out two experiments: (1) Regeneration of the gingival tissue following gingivectomy in rats. Ultrastructurally, regenerating junctional epithelium was similar in morphology to that of untreated animals and appeared to attach to the enamel after five days. Basal lamina and hemidesmosomes were produced faster at the enamel interface than at the connective tissue interface. Gingival tissue was completely regenerated seven days after the gingivectomy. (2) Regeneration of the cementum, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone following intradentinal cavity preparation in dogs. In the early stages, the cavity was filled with an exudate and granulation tissue. Seven days after the operation, osteoblasts and cementoblasts were arranged regularly on the cut surface of the alveolar bone and dentin, respectively. Newly formed bone and cementum, and periodontal ligament grew to resemble pre-existing bone and cementum after 28-42 days. From these results, it is suggested that the periodontal tissues have an extremely high capability of regeneration.

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Mohd, Nurulhuda, Masfueh Razali, Mariyam Jameelah Ghazali, and Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim. "3D-Printed Hydroxyapatite and Tricalcium Phosphates-Based Scaffolds for Alveolar Bone Regeneration in Animal Models: A Scoping Review." Materials 15, no. 7 (April 2, 2022): 2621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15072621.

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Three-dimensional-printed scaffolds have received greater attention as an attractive option compared to the conventional bone grafts for regeneration of alveolar bone defects. Hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphates have been used as biomaterials in the fabrication of 3D-printed scaffolds. This scoping review aimed to evaluate the potential of 3D-printed HA and calcium phosphates-based scaffolds on alveolar bone regeneration in animal models. The systematic search was conducted across four electronic databases: Ovid, Web of Science, PubMed and EBSCOHOST, based on PRISMA-ScR guidelines until November 2021. The inclusion criteria were: (i) animal models undergoing alveolar bone regenerative surgery, (ii) the intervention to regenerate or augment bone using 3D-printed hydroxyapatite or other calcium phosphate scaffolds and (iii) histological and microcomputed tomographic analyses of new bone formation and biological properties of 3D-printed hydroxyapatite or calcium phosphates. A total of ten studies were included in the review. All the studies showed promising results on new bone formation without any inflammatory reactions, regardless of the animal species. In conclusion, hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphates are feasible materials for 3D-printed scaffolds for alveolar bone regeneration and demonstrated bone regenerative potential in the oral cavity. However, further research is warranted to determine the scaffold material which mimics the gold standard of care for bone regeneration in the load-bearing areas, including the masticatory load of the oral cavity.

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Liu, Yanan, Haifeng Wang, Huixin Dou, Bin Tian, Le Li, Luyuan Jin, Zhenting Zhang, and Lei Hu. "Bone regeneration capacities of alveolar bone mesenchymal stem cells sheet in rabbit calvarial bone defect." Journal of Tissue Engineering 11 (January 2020): 204173142093037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041731420930379.

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Mesenchymal stem cells sheets have been verified as a promising non-scaffold strategy for bone regeneration. Alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, derived from neural crest, have the character of easily obtained and strong multi-differential potential. However, the bone regenerative features of alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheets in the craniofacial region remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to compare the osteogenic differentiation and bone defect repairment characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheets derived from alveolar bone (alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) and iliac bone (Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) in vitro and in vivo. Histology character, osteogenic differentiation, and osteogenic gene expression of human alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were compared in vitro. The cell sheets were implanted in rabbit calvarial defects to evaluate tissue regeneration characteristics. Integrated bioinformatics analysis was used to reveal the specific gene and pathways expression profile of alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Our results showed that alveolar bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells had higher osteogenic differentiation than Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Although no obvious differences were found in the histological structure, fibronectin and integrin β1 expression between them, alveolar-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheet exhibited higher mineral deposition and expression levels of osteogenic marker genes. After being transplanted in the rabbit calvarial defects area, the results showed that greater bone volume and trabecular thickness regeneration were found in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheet group compared to Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group at both 4 weeks and 8 weeks. Finally, datasets of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells versus Lon-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (another neural crest derived mesenchymal stem cells) versus umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were analyzed. Total 71 differential genes were identified by overlap between the 2 datasets. Homeobox genes, such as LHX8, MKX, PAX9, MSX, and HOX, were identified as the most significantly changed and would be potential specific genes in neural crest mesenchymal stem cells. In conclusion, the Al-bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheet-based tissue regeneration appears to be a promising strategy for craniofacial defect repair in future clinical applications.

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Urban, Istvan A., and Alberto Monje. "Guided Bone Regeneration in Alveolar Bone Reconstruction." Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America 31, no. 2 (May 2019): 331–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.coms.2019.01.003.

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Nishimura, Masahiro, Kazuma Takase, Fumio Suehiro, and Hiroshi Murata. "Candidates Cell Sources to Regenerate Alveolar Bone from Oral Tissue." International Journal of Dentistry 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/857192.

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Most of the cases of dental implant surgery, especially the bone defect extensively, are essential for alveolar ridge augmentation. As known as cell therapy exerts valuable effects on bone regeneration, numerous reports using various cells from body to regenerate bone have been published, including clinical reports. Mesenchymal cells that have osteogenic activity and have potential to be harvested from intra oral site might be a candidate cells to regenerate alveolar bone, even dentists have not been harvested the cells outside of mouth. This paper presents a summary of somatic cells in edentulous tissues which could subserve alveolar bone regeneration. The candidate tissues that might have differentiation potential as mesenchymal cells for bone regeneration are alveolar bone chip, bone marrow from alveolar bone, periosteal tissue, and gingival tissue. Understanding their phenotype consecutively will provide a rational approach for alveolar ridge augmentation.

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Dhande, Sharayu. "Localized Ridge Augmentation with Mandibular Block Autograft and Guided Bone Regeneration: A Case Report." Journal of Surgical Case Reports and Images 5, no. 2 (May 27, 2022): 01–05. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-1897/108.

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Numerous alveolar ridge defects resulted post extraction, long standing periodontal disease often require surgical intervention before prosthetic rehabilitation. On the other hand, alveolar bone defects affect the prognosis of dental implants and as a result, their reconstruction is must. Although a wide variety of options have been invented, autogenous bone is still the gold standard and has been yielding promising results. The authors report a case of localized alveolar ridge augmentation using autogenous chin block graft in conjunction with other bone substitutes for prosthetic rehabilitation of lower anterior region. Initially, the alveolar ridge was knife edge and the bone volume was insufficient for placement of dental implant. The CBCT analysis post 6 months shows significant increase in bone volume that was now suitable for prosthetic rehabilitation of the edentulous space.

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Sathishkumar, S., A. Meka, D. Dawson, N. House, W. Schaden, M. J. Novak, J. L. Ebersole, and L. Kesavalu. "Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Induces Alveolar Bone Regeneration." Journal of Dental Research 87, no. 7 (July 2008): 687–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910808700703.

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Periodontal inflammation with alveolar bone resorption is a hallmark of periodontitis. We hypothesized that extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) could promote the regeneration of alveolar bone following Porphyromonas gingivalis-induced periodontitis in rats. Rats were infected with P. gingivalis for 10 wks, which caused alveolar bone resorption. The rats were then treated with a single episode of 100, 300, or 1000 impulses of shock wave on both cheeks at energy levels 0.1 mJ/mm2. Alveolar bone levels were determined at 0, 3, 6, and 12 wks following ESWT and compared with those in untreated controls. Infected rats treated with 300 and 1000 impulses demonstrated significantly improved alveolar bone levels at 3 wks compared with untreated controls, and the improved levels remained for at least 6 wks in most rats. The results demonstrated effective regeneration of alveolar bone by ESWT and suggested that ESWT should be evaluated as an adjunct in the regeneration of periodontal tissues following periodontal disease. Abbreviations: ESWT, extracorporeal shock wave therapy; PCR, polymerase chain-reaction.

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Li, Qi, Shuang Pan, Smit J. Dangaria, Gokul Gopinathan, Antonia Kolokythas, Shunli Chu, Yajun Geng, Yanmin Zhou, and Xianghong Luan. "Platelet-Rich Fibrin Promotes Periodontal Regeneration and Enhances Alveolar Bone Augmentation." BioMed Research International 2013 (March 26, 2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/638043.

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In the present study we have determined the suitability of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) as a complex scaffold for periodontal tissue regeneration. Replacing PRF with its major component fibrin increased mineralization in alveolar bone progenitors when compared to periodontal progenitors, suggesting that fibrin played a substantial role in PRF-induced osteogenic lineage differentiation. Moreover, there was a 3.6-fold increase in the early osteoblast transcription factor RUNX2 and a 3.1-fold reduction of the mineralization inhibitor MGP as a result of PRF application in alveolar bone progenitors, a trend not observed in periodontal progenitors. Subcutaneous implantation studies revealed that PRF readily integrated with surrounding tissues and was partially replaced with collagen fibers 2 weeks after implantation. Finally, clinical pilot studies in human patients documented an approximately 5 mm elevation of alveolar bone height in tandem with oral mucosal wound healing. Together, these studies suggest that PRF enhances osteogenic lineage differentiation of alveolar bone progenitors more than of periodontal progenitors by augmenting osteoblast differentiation, RUNX2 expression, and mineralized nodule formation via its principal component fibrin. They also document that PRF functions as a complex regenerative scaffold promoting both tissue-specific alveolar bone augmentation and surrounding periodontal soft tissue regeneration via progenitor-specific mechanisms.

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Apanasevich, V. I., E. K. Papynov, I. S. Afonin, I. O. Evdokimov, O. O. Shichalin, A. K. Stepanyugina, N. R. Pankratov, et al. "Dispersed biocomposite based on wollastonite/hydroxyapatite: Osteoplastic potential in terms of radiology." Pacific Medical Journal, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.34215/1609-1175-2020-3-88-89.

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Objective: assessment of the bone tissue regeneration of alveolar ridge during implantation of biocomposite based on wollastonite/hydroxyapatite (HA) in the experiment.Methods: Four female rabbits were performed the extraction of lower left incisors under the general and local anesthesia followed by the augmentation with biocomposite. The results were assessed with cone beam computed tomography.Results: On the first day, the average density of bone structure of the alveolar socket was 37 HU; on the 60th day, it reached 1090 HU. The contour of the alveolar socket was not already visible on the 35th day. There were no signs of the osteolysis.Conclusions: The experiment result confirms the the participation of a CaSiO3/HA biocomposite in bone tissue regeneration, as evidenced by the dynamics of the increase in bone volume in the alveoli of the removed teeth of the lower jaw of experimental animals.

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Maynalovska, Hristina, Christina Popova, and Antoaneta Mlachkova. "RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF BONE FILLING IN INTRABONY PERIODONTAL DEFECTS WITH CERABONE® AS BONE REPLACEMENT GRAFT: CASE SERIES." Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) 28, no. 1 (February 9, 2022): 4229–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2022281.4229.

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The regeneration of lost periodontal tissues due to periodontal disease remains a difficult clinical challenge. As clinicians, we look for procedures with improved predictability, beneficial impact on the treatment of periodontal disease, and in the long term – improvement of prognosis of the involved teeth. Various types of grafting materials with substantial research evidence reporting on their efficacy have been introduced in regenerative periodontal therapy based on their ability to facilitate the reconstruction of the lost supporting apparatus. Consequently, the periodontal regeneration of intrabony defects involves not only the experience and skills of the clinicians but also the selection of suitable regenerative material. The type of tissue filling in a periodontal defect after surgical treatment can only be precisely evaluated by histological means, and it is restricted to a few cases due to ethical reasons. Histologic studies have demonstrated regeneration potential for GTR, allografts, xenografts and growth factors. And since the periodontal regeneration includes the regrowth of alveolar bone, by using radiographs, changes of the alveolar crest may be used to monitor periodontal healing. Our case series present the radiographic evaluation of the bone fill of 6 vertical bone defects treated with Cerabone®. The xenograft Cerabone® is a 100% pure bone mineral of bovine origin that has been successfully applied in regenerative dentistry and has been in use for more than 15 years in various medical applications (e.g. craniofacial surgery, oncology and hand and spine surgery).

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Аkbarov, Avzal, Jamshid Tulyaganov, and Nigora Ziyadullaeva. "DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND CHOOSEOPERA OF THE ALVEOLAR PROCESS, MANDIBLE AND MAXILLA." UZBEK MEDICAL JOURNAL 5, no. 1 (May 30, 2020): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-0664-2020-5-4.

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Dental implantation is an established scientifically grounded method of treating patients with partial and complete loss of teeth. However, the dentist-implantologist often faces the problem of bone tissue regeneration after inflammatory, traumatic diseases and carrying out extraction interventions that lead to its deficiency. Physiological regeneration often does not provide the required volume of new bone. A local bone deficiency makes it difficult to carry out dental implantation

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Ersanli, S., V. Olgac, and B. Leblebicioglu. "Histologic Analysis of Alveolar Bone Following Guided Bone Regeneration." Journal of Periodontology 75, no. 5 (May 2004): 750–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1902/jop.2004.75.5.750.

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Ogasawara, Keita, Masahiro To, Yu-Hao Liu, Toshimitsu Okudera, Takatsuna Nakamura, and Masato Matsuo. "Application of deproteinized bovine bone mineral as proangiogenic scaffold for alveolar bone formation in beagle dogs." Microscopy 70, no. 4 (February 2, 2021): 382–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmicro/dfab007.

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Abstract Alveolar bone repair after tooth extraction is essential after oral surgeries. Various grafting materials are used to promote the regeneration of lost alveolar bone. This study analysed the morphological features of the tissue regeneration process using deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM). DBBM was used to densely fill the extraction sockets in beagle dogs. Following resin casting of the vasculature, stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe blood vessels and hard tissues in haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections on postoperative days 14, 30 and 90 in conjunction with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunostaining to evaluate alveolar bone vascularization. On day 14 post-operation, the DBBM granules tightly filled the extraction sockets, maintained alveolar margin height and formed a scaffold for aiding angiogenesis and new bone formation. On day 30, new bone formation was observed around the DBBM granules. By day 90, bone tissue regeneration progressed in both groups but was more pronounced in the DBBM group. Alveolar margin height was maintained in the DBBM group throughout the study. Furthermore, VEGF expression in the DBBM group was detected around newly formed bone. We conclude that DBBM acts as a suitable scaffold for new bone generation, as well as angiogenesis around healing alveolar bone, and that it has the potential to play a key role in vascularization and bone formation.

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Dueñas-Villamil., Ricardo Ernesto, Leticia Belén Bernard-Gutiérrez, Diana Susely Hernández-Chavarría, Mercedes Olaya-Contreras, Nelly Stella Roa-Molina, and Adriana Rodriguez-Ciodaro. "Expression of CD44 in previously grafted alveolar bone." Journal of Oral Research 9, no. 6 (December 30, 2020): 449–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2020.089.

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Objetive: To determine the expressions of the bone surface marker CD44 in samples of alveolar bone previously regenerated with allograft, xenograft, and mixed, using the technique of guided bone regeneration. Material and Methods: This exploratory study was approved by the institutional research and ethics committee. By means of intentional sampling and after obtaining informed consent for tissue donation, 20 samples of alveolar bone previously regenerated with guided bone regeneration therapy with particulate bone graft and membrane were taken during implant placement. The samples were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histological analysis, and by immunohistochemistry for the detection of CD44. Results: Sections with hematoxylin-eosin showed bone tissue with the presence of osteoid matrix and mature bone matrix of usual appearance. Of the CD44+ samples, 80% were allograft and 20% xenograft. The samples with allograft-xenograft were negative. There were no differences in the intensity of CD44 expression between the positive samples. The marker was expressed in osteocytes, stromal cells, mononuclear infiltrate, and some histiocytes. Eighty percent of the CD44+ samples and 100% of the samples in which 60 or more cells were labelled corresponded to allografts (p=0.000). A total of 67% of the samples from the anterior sector, and 40% from the posterior sector were CD44+ (p=0.689). Conclusion: This study shows for the first time that guided bone regeneration using allografts is more efficient for the generation of mature bone determined by the expression of CD44, compared to the use of xenografts and mixed allograft-xenograft, regardless of the regenerated anatomical area.

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Popescu, Eugenia, Doriana Agop Forna, Kamel Earar, and Norina Consuela Forna. "Bone Substitutes Used in Guided Bone Regeneration Technique. Review." Materiale Plastice 54, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 390–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.17.2.4857.

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This paper aims to synthesize the main categories of biomaterials (bone substitutes, collagen membranes) used in the reconstruction of oral bone defects and alveolar augmentation by guided bone regeneration technique. The review of literature data shows that guided bone regeneration technique offers reliable and predictable results in the implant-prosthetic treatments.

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Lim, Jae Woon, Kyoung-Je Jang, Hyunmok Son, Sangbae Park, Jae Eun Kim, Hong Bae Kim, Hoon Seonwoo, Yun-Hoon Choung, Myung Chul Lee, and Jong Hoon Chung. "Aligned Nanofiber-Guided Bone Regeneration Barrier Incorporated with Equine Bone-Derived Hydroxyapatite for Alveolar Bone Regeneration." Polymers 13, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13010060.

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Post-surgery failure of dental implants due to alveolar bone loss is currently critical, disturbing the quality of life of senior dental patients. To overcome this problem, bioceramic or bone graft material is loaded into the defect. However, connective tissue invasion instead of osteogenic tissue limits bone tissue regeneration. The guided bone regeneration concept was adapted to solve this problem and still has room for improvements, such as biochemical similarity or oriented structure. In this article, an aligned electrospun-guided bone regeneration barrier with xenograft equine bone-derived nano hydroxyapatite (EBNH-RB) was fabricated by electrospinning EBNH/PCL solution on high-speed rotating drum collector and fiber characterization, viability and differentiation enhancing properties of mesenchymal dental pulp stem cell on the barrier was determined. EBNH-RB showed biochemical and structural similarity to natural bone tissue electron microscopy image analysis and x-ray diffractometer analysis, and had a significantly better effect in promoting osteogenesis based on the increased bioceramic content by promoting cell viability, calcium deposition and osteogenic marker expression, suggesting that they can be successfully applied to regenerate alveolar bone as a guided bone regeneration barrier.

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Efremov, Ljupco, Tatjana Kanjevac, Dusica Ciric, and Darko Bosnakovski. "Perspectives on regeneration of alveolar bone defects." Serbian Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research 14, no. 4 (2013): 145–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/sjecr14-5321.

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Giannobile, William V., Tord Berglundh, Bilal Al-Nawas, Mauricio Araujo, P. Mark Bartold, Philippe Bouchard, Iain Chapple, et al. "Biological factors involved in alveolar bone regeneration." Journal of Clinical Periodontology 46 (June 2019): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jcpe.13130.

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Akintoye, SO. "The distinctive jaw and alveolar bone regeneration." Oral Diseases 24, no. 1-2 (February 26, 2018): 49–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/odi.12761.

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Polimeni, Giuseppe, Ki-Tae Koo, Mohammed Qahash, Andreas V. Xiropaidis, Jasim M. Albandar, and Ulf M. E. Wikesjo. "Prognostic factors for alveolar regeneration: effect of tissue occlusion on alveolar bone regeneration with guided tissue regeneration." Journal of Clinical Periodontology 31, no. 9 (September 2004): 730–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-051x.2004.00543.x.

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Kalicanin, Biljana, Zorica Ajdukovic, Milena Kostic, Stevo Najman, Vojin Savic, and Nenad Ignjatovic. "The role of synthetic biomaterials in resorptive alveolar bone regeneration." Chemical Industry 61, no. 2 (2007): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0702096k.

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The alveolar bone tissue resorption defect has a significant role in dentistry. Because of the bone tissue deficit developed by alveolar resorption, the use of synthetic material CP/PLGA (calcium-phosphate/polylactide-co-gliycolide) composite was introduced. Investigations were performed on rats with artificially produced resorption of the mandibular bone. The results show that the best effect on alveolar bone were attained by using nano-composite implants. The effect of the nanocomposite was ascertained by determining the calcium and phosphate content, as a basis of the hydroxyapatite structure. The results show that synthetic CP/PLGA nanocomposite alleviate the rehabilitation of weakened alveolar bone. Due to its osteoconductive effect, CP/PLGA can be the material of choice for bone substitution in the future.

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Le, BQ, JH Too, TC Tan, RAA Smith, V. Nurcombe, SM Cool, and N. Yu. "Application of a BMP2-binding heparan sulphate to promote periodontal regeneration." European Cells and Materials 42 (August 31, 2021): 139–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22203/ecm.v042a10.

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Periodontitis is the most common inflammatory disease that leads to periodontal defects and tooth loss. Regeneration of alveolar bone and soft tissue in periodontal defects is highly desirable but remains challenging. A heparan sulphate variant (HS3) with enhanced affinity for bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) that, when combined with collagen or ceramic biomaterials, enhances bone tissue regeneration in the axial and cranial skeleton in several animal models was reported previously. In the current study, establishing the efficacy of a collagen/HS3 device for the regeneration of alveolar bone and the adjacent periodontal apparatus and related structures was sought. Collagen sponges loaded with phosphate-buffered saline, HS3, BMP2, or HS3 + BMP2 were implanted into surgically-created intra-bony periodontal defects in rat maxillae. At the 6 week end- point the maxillae were decalcified, and the extent of tissue regeneration determined by histomorphometrical analysis. The combination of collagen/HS3, collagen/BMP2 or collagen/HS3 + BMP2 resulted in a three to four-fold increase in bone regeneration and up to a 1.5 × improvement in functional ligament restoration compared to collagen alone. Moreover, the combination of collagen/HS3 + BMP2 improved the alveolar bone height and reduced the amount of epithelial growth in the apical direction. The implantation of a collagen/ HS3 combination device enhanced the regeneration of alveolar bone and associated periodontal tissues at amounts comparable to collagen in combination with the osteogenic factor BMP2. This study highlights the efficacy of a collagen/HS3 combination device for periodontal regeneration that warrants further development as a point-of-care treatment for periodontitis-related bone and soft tissue loss.

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Kanno, Takahiro, Masaharu Mitsugi, Jun-Young Paeng, Shintaro Sukegawa, Yoshihiko Furuki, Hiroyuki Ohwada, Yoshiki Nariai, Hiroaki Ishibashi, Hideaki Katsuyama, and Joji Sekine. "Simultaneous Sinus Lifting and Alveolar Distraction of a Severely Atrophic Posterior Maxilla for Oral Rehabilitation with Dental Implants." International Journal of Dentistry 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/471320.

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We retrospectively reviewed a new preimplantation regenerative augmentation technique for a severely atrophic posterior maxilla using sinus lifting with simultaneous alveolar distraction, together with long-term oral rehabilitation with implants. We also analyzed the regenerated bone histomorphologically. This study included 25 maxillary sinus sites in 17 patients. The technique consisted of alveolar osteotomy combined with simultaneous sinus lifting. After sufficient sinus lifting, a track-type vertical alveolar distractor was placed. Following a latent period, patient self-distraction was started. After the required augmentation was achieved, the distractor was left in place to allow consolidation. The distractor was then removed, and osseointegrated implants (average of 3.2 implants per sinus site, 80 implants) were placed. Bone for histomorphometric analysis was sampled from six patients and compared with samples collected after sinus lifting alone as controls (n=4). A sufficient alveolus was regenerated, and all patients achieved stable oral rehabilitation. The implant survival rate was 96.3% (77/80) after an average postloading followup of 47.5 months. Good bone regeneration was observed in a morphological study, with no significant difference in the rate of bone formation compared with control samples. This new regenerative technique could be a useful option for a severely atrophic maxilla requiring implant rehabilitation.

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Koirala, Pramod Kumar, S. Pradhan, and RS Gorkhali. "Localized Bone Augmentation and Implant Site Development-Review with a case." Journal of Nepalese Prosthodontic Society 2, no. 1 (December 24, 2019): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnprossoc.v2i1.26834.

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Guided bone regeneration (GBR) has been used for the regeneration of bone in conjunction with the placement of dental implants, for augmentation of resorbed alveolar crests, and to treat localized ridge deformities. It is based on the principle of protecting bone regeneration against overgrowth of tissues formed by rapidly proliferating non-osteogenic cells. In this case, the space created by the Titanium mesh supported platelet rich fibrin membrane was filled by tissues with features of newly formed bone. No residual bone defects were observed and an increase of the alveolar width and height was observed. No untoward effects on bone regeneration were observed except membrane exposure after 4 and 1/2months. This case shows a satisfactory result concerning GBR technique or implant site development.

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Francisco, Inês, Anabela Baptista Paula, Bárbara Oliveiros, Maria Helena Fernandes, Eunice Carrilho, Carlos Miguel Marto, and Francisco Vale. "Regenerative Strategies in Cleft Palate: An Umbrella Review." Bioengineering 8, no. 6 (June 3, 2021): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering8060076.

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(1) Background: Alveolar bone defects or decreased alveolar bone height and width may have different causes, such as cleft palate. Regenerative procedures in oro-dental defects are challenging due to anatomical factors and the distinct cell populations involved. The iliac crest bone graft remains the gold-standard for cleft palate closure. However, tissue regeneration approaches have been employed and their outcome reviewed, but no conclusions have been made about which one is the gold-standard. (2) Methods: this umbrella review aims to critically appraise the effectiveness of the current approaches in bone defects regeneration in non-syndromic patients with cleft palate. A search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science and EMBASE databases. (3) Results: Systematic reviews of randomized and non-randomized controlled trials with or without meta-analysis were included. Nine articles were included in the qualitative analysis and five in the quantitative one. The included studies quality was evaluated with AMSTAR2. (4) Conclusions: The use of new regenerative strategies, such as bone morphogenic protein 2, appears to provide similar results regarding bone volume, filling, and height to the standard technique with the iliac crest bone graft.

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Zhang, Dan, Xue-Cheng Sun, Hu Wang, Jian-Hui Li, Li-Qiang Yin, Yu-Fang Yan, Xu Ma, and Hong-Fei Xia. "Repair of alveolar cleft bone defects in rabbits by active bone particles containing modified rhBMP-2." Regenerative Medicine 16, no. 9 (September 2021): 833–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2217/rme-2020-0109.

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Objective: A model of alveolar cleft phenotype was established in rabbits to evaluate the effect of active bone particles containing modified rhecombinant human BMP-2 on the repair of the alveolar cleft. Methods: 2-month-old Japanese white rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups: normal, control, material and BMP groups. Blood biochemical analysis, skull tomography (microfocus computerized tomography), and histological and immunohistochemical staining analysis of paraffin sections were performed 3 and 6 months after operation. Results: Both types of collagen particles showed good biocompatibility and promoted bone regeneration. The effect of active bone particles on bone repair and regeneration was better than that of bone collagen particles. Conclusions: Active bone particles containing modified rhecombinant human BMP-2 can be used for incisors regeneration.

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Toyota, Akiko, Rei Shinagawa, Mikiko Mano, Kazuyuki Tokioka, and Naoto Suda. "Regeneration in Experimental Alveolar Bone Defect Using Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells." Cell Transplantation 30 (January 1, 2021): 096368972097539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963689720975391.

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Cleft lip and palate is a congenital disorder including cleft lip, and/or cleft palate, and/or alveolar cleft, with high incidence.The alveolar cleft causes morphological and functional abnormalities. To obtain bone bridge formation and continuous structure between alveolar clefts, surgical interventions are performed from infancy to childhood. However, desirable bone bridge formation is not obtained in many cases. Regenerative medicine using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is expected to be a useful strategy to obtain sufficient bone bridge formation between alveolar clefts. In this study, we examined the effect of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs by transplantation into a rat experimental alveolar cleft model. Human umbilical cords were digested enzymatically and the isolated cells were collected (UC-EZ cells). Next, CD146-positive cells were enriched from UC-EZ cells by magnetic-activated cell sorting (UC-MACS cells). UC-EZ and UC-MACS cells showed MSC gene/protein expression, in vitro. Both cells had multipotency and could differentiate to osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages under the differentiation-inducing media. However, UC-EZ cells lacked Sox2 expression and showed the lower ratio of MSCs than UC-MACS cells. Thus, UC-MACS cells were transplanted with hydroxyapatite and collagen (HA + Col) into alveolar cleft model to evaluate bone formation in vivo. The results of micro computed tomography and histological staining showed that UC-MACS cells with HA + Col induced more abundant bone formation between the experimental alveolar clefts than HA + Col implantation only. Cells immunopositive for osteopontin were accumulated along the bone surface and some of them were embedded in the bone. Cells immunopositive for human-specific mitochondria were aligned along the newly formed bone surface and in the new bone, suggesting that UC-MACS cells contributed to the bone bridge formation between alveolar clefts. These findings indicate that human umbilical cords are reliable bioresource and UC-MACS cells are useful for the alveolar cleft regeneration.

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Khojasteh, Arash, Lida Kheiri, SaeedReza Motamedian, and Vahid Khoshkam. "Guided bone regeneration for the reconstruction of alveolar bone defects." Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery 7, no. 2 (2017): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ams.ams_76_17.

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Ma, Kangjie, Dongmei Mei, Xiaodong Lin, Li Zhang, Jie Gao, Xiaojing Li, Xuechen Zhu, et al. "A Synthetic Biodegradable Polymer Membrane for Guided Bone Regeneration in Bone Defect." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 456–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2021.3044.

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Guided bone regeneration (GBR) technique is most commonly used to treat alveolar bone defect. Polylactic acid (PLA) attracts much attention to utilize as a GBR membrane because it has relatively high mechanical strength and biodegradability. However, randomized controlled trials of PLA as a GBR membrane in animals were rare. The aim of this work is to observe the efficacy of polylactic acid membrane in guiding bone regeneration in Beagle canine alveolar bone defect restoration and to compare efficacy with the collagen membrane, providing an experimental basis for further clinical use of the polylactic acid membrane. The tests of physical and chemical properties showed that the PLA membrane has well mechanical strength to maintenance the space for the new bone, and has proper aperture for the attachment of osteoblasts. Through X-ray and histopathological examination of the different time points, the bone grafting material covered with PLA membrane can form similar mature bone compared to collagen membrane ones. Meanwhile, biodegradable speed of the PLA membrane was slower. Thus, this study showed that polylactic acid membrane as synthetic biodegradable polymer was reliably effective in guiding bone regeneration of alveolar bone defects, showed the favorable osteogenic capability and forecasts well applications in bone augmentation.

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Pentapati, Kalyana Chakravarthy, Komal Smriti, Chayanika Bhattacharjya, Srikanth Gadicherla, and Abhay Taranath Kamath. "Tooth Derived Bone Graft Material." World Journal of Dentistry 7, no. 1 (2016): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1359.

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ABSTRACT Alveolar bone deficiency is a major postoperative complication in the treatment of traumatic injuries, periodontal diseases and likewise. Hence, alveolar bone repair remains a major hurdle in tissue engineering. Autogenous bone can be wellthought- of as benchmark for bone grafting sans its limitations and complications. In order to overcome these limitations, there is an increased demand of bone graft materials that led to numerous studies on different techniques and materials for bone regeneration over the years. Dentin and bone having same biochemical similarities led to the idea of using it as a bone regenerative material. Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM), an organic material obtained from dentin has been shown to possess osteogenic capacity. Demineralized dentin matrix may prosper in future endodontic world as an apexification material and as a permanent root canal filling material as well. Quick in bone forming as compared to conventional bone graft, this material is a boon to the dental world in this era. This manuscript reviews various studies on different types of DDM as a bone grafting material, and also summarizes the suggested pathway of bone regeneration. How to cite this article Bhattacharjya C, Gadicherla S, Kamath AT, Smriti K, Pentapati KC. Tooth Derived Bone Graft Material. World J Dent 2016;7(1):32-35.

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Wang, F., Y. Zhou, J. Zhou, M. Xu, W. Zheng, W. Huang, W. Zhou, et al. "Comparison of Intraoral Bone Regeneration with Iliac and Alveolar BMSCs." Journal of Dental Research 97, no. 11 (May 17, 2018): 1229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034518772283.

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This study compared the osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) of iliac and alveolar origins (I-BMSCs and Al-BMSCs, respectively), which were transplanted in combination with β tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in peri-implant bone defects to investigate the osseointegration between dental implants and tissue-engineered bone in dogs. Specifically, I-BMSCs and Al-BMSCs were cultured, characterized, and seeded on β-TCP and subjected to immunoblotting analyses and alkaline phosphatase activity assays. Subsequently, these cell-seeded scaffolds were implanted into defects that were freshly generated in the mandibular premolar areas of 4 dogs. The defects were covered with β-TCP + Al-BMSCs ( n = 6), β-TCP + I-BMSCs ( n = 6), or β-TCP ( n = 6) or served as the blank control ( n = 6). After healing for 12 wk, the formation and mineralization of new bones were assessed through micro–computed tomographic, histologic, and histomorphometric analyses, and bone-to-implant contacts were measured in the specimens. It was evident that in this large animal model, I-BMSCs and Al-BMSCs manifested similarly strong osteogenic potential, as significantly more new bone was formed in the Al-BMSC and I-BMSC groups than otherwise ( P < 0.01). Therefore, Al-BMSCs are emerging as an efficient alternative for autologous mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative dental and maxillofacial therapies. I-BMSCs, if not restricted in their bioavailability, can also be of great utility in bone tissue–engineering applications.

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FUKUDA, Yoshihisa, Katsuya NAGAYAMA, and Masato MATSUO. "Numerical Simulation of Alveolar Bone Regeneration and Angiogenesis." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2016 (2016): J0220102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2016.j0220102.

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El Shazley, N., A. Hamdy, H. A. El-Eneen, R. M. El Backly, M. M. Saad, W. Essam, H. Moussa, M. El Tantawi, H. Jain, and M. K. Marei. "Bioglass in Alveolar Bone Regeneration in Orthodontic Patients." JDR Clinical & Translational Research 1, no. 3 (August 6, 2016): 244–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2380084416660672.

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Hosoya, Akihiro, Tadashi Ninomiya, Toru Hiraga, Chen Zhao, Kunihiko Yoshiba, Nagako Yoshiba, Masafumi Takahashi, et al. "Alveolar bone regeneration of subcutaneously transplanted rat molar." Bone 42, no. 2 (February 2008): 350–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bone.2007.09.054.

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Iviglia, Giorgio, Clara Cassinelli, Elisa Torre, Francesco Baino, Marco Morra, and Chiara Vitale-Brovarone. "Novel bioceramic-reinforced hydrogel for alveolar bone regeneration." Acta Biomaterialia 44 (October 2016): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2016.08.012.

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Félix Lanao, R. P., J. W. M. Hoekstra, J. G. C. Wolke, S. C. G. Leeuwenburgh, A. S. Plachokova, O. C. Boerman, J. J. J. P. van den Beucken, and J. A. Jansen. "Porous calcium phosphate cement for alveolar bone regeneration." Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 8, no. 6 (July 6, 2012): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/term.1546.

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Sari, Desi Sandra, Fourier Dzar Eljabbar Latief, Ferdiansyah, Ketut Sudiana, and Fedik Abdul Rantam. "Micro-Computed Tomography Analysis on Administration of Mesenchymal Stem Cells - Bovine Teeth Scaffold Composites for Alveolar Bone Tissue Engineering." Journal of Biomimetics, Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering 52 (August 10, 2021): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jbbbe.52.86.

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The tissue engineering approach for periodontal tissue regeneration using a combination of stem cells and scaffold has been vastly developed. Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) seeded with Bovine Teeth Scaffold (BTSc) can repair alveolar bone damage in periodontitis cases. The alveolar bone regeneration process was analyzed by micro-computed tomography (µ-CT) to observe the structure of bone growth and to visualize the scaffold in 3-Dimensional (3D). The purpose of this study is to analyze alveolar bone regeneration by µ-CT following the combination of MSCs and bovine teeth scaffold (MSCs-BTSc) implantation in the Wistar rat periodontitis model. Methods. MSCs were cultured from adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells of rats. BTSc was taken from bovine teeth and freeze-dried with a particle size of 150-355 µm. MSCs were seeded on BTSc for 24 hours and transplanted in a rat model of periodontitis. Thirty-five Wistar rats were made as periodontitis models with LPS induction from P. gingivalis injected to the buccal section of interproximal gingiva between the first and the second mandibular right-molar teeth for six weeks. There were seven groups (control group, BTSc group on day 7, BTSc group on day 14, BTSc group on day 28, MSCs-BTSc group on day 7, MSCs-BTSc group on day 14, MSCs-BTSc group on day 28). The mandibular alveolar bone was analyzed and visualized in 3D with µ-CT to observe any new bone growth. Statistical Analysis. Group data were subjected to the Kruskal Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney (p <0.05). The µ-CT qualitative analysis shows a fibrous structure, which indicates the existence of new bone regeneration. Quantitative analysis of the periodontitis model showed a significant difference between the control model and the model with the alveolar bone resorption (p <0.05). The bone volume and density measurements revealed that the MSCs-BTSc group on day 28 formed new bone compared to other groups (p <0.05). Administration of MSCs-BTSc combination has the potential to form new alveolar bone.

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Jin, Han, Zhongshuang Liu, Wei Li, Zhuling Jiang, Ying Li, and Bin Zhang. "Polyethylenimine-alginate nanocomposites based bone morphogenetic protein 2 gene-activated matrix for alveolar bone regeneration." RSC Advances 9, no. 46 (2019): 26598–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra05164c.

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Urban, Istvan, Nicholas Caplanis, and Jaime L. Lozada. "Simultaneous Vertical Guided Bone Regeneration and Guided Tissue Regeneration in the Posterior Maxilla Using Recombinant Human Platelet-Derived Growth Factor: A Case Report." Journal of Oral Implantology 35, no. 5 (October 1, 2009): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-09-00004.1.

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Abstract This clinical case report describes and demonstrates successful use of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor (rhPDGF-BB) in conjunction with autogenous bone, anorganic bone mineral, and barrier membranes to reconstruct severe alveolar bone defects. A combined sinus augmentation and vertical alveolar ridge augmentation was successfully performed. In addition, a significant amount of periodontal bone gain was achieved in close apposition to a previously denuded root surface, which is significant from a periodontal standpoint, given the possibility of vertical periodontal regeneration.

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Arab, Sepideh, Hamid Reza Arab, Maryam Aghaloo, Farid Shiezadeh, Shamim Tajik, and Amir Moeintaghavi. "Periosteal Envelope Flap as a Technique for Horizontal Bone Augmentation: A Case Series Study." Open Dentistry Journal 12, no. 1 (November 30, 2018): 995–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601812010995.

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Background: Following tooth extraction, the alveolar bone is typically subject to irrevocable and progressive changes that are collectively referred to as natural bone resorption. This process eventually results in a deficiency of the vertical and horizontal dimensions of the bone. Conventionally, various methods are used to repair alveolar defects resulting from tooth extraction, and to achieve vertical or horizontal bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of periosteal pocket flap on the enhancement of horizontal length in alveolar bone regeneration. Methods: Twenty-two patients (7 men, 15 women) aged 45–60 years were enrolled in this study. Periosteal envelope flaps and Cerabone were used to increase alveolar bone thickness. Ridge width was measured preoperatively and 4-6 months postoperatively using cone-beam computed tomography. The pre- and postoperative results were compared using the paired t-test. Results: An average of 2.53 mm (P < 0.001) horizontal enhancement of the alveolar ridge was achieved. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the use of a periosteal pocket flap with xenograft material is an excellent method which increase more than 2 mm alveolar bone width. As the study sample was small, further clinical investigations with larger samples are recommended.

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Xhaferi, Bunjamin, Marija Petreska, Arber Xheladini, and Ivana Papic. "Use of mineralized dentin graft in augmentation of different indication areas in the jaw bones." Serbian Dental Journal 68, no. 3 (2021): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs2103113x.

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Introduction. Extracted teeth are still considered clinical waste and therefore are being discarded. It is evident that obtained and prepared autogenous dentin graft (ADG) may be used for guided bone regeneration (GBR) due to its similar biochemical characteristics to human bone. The aim was to present a novel procedure in a clinical setting that employs freshly extracted teeth that are processed into a bacteria-free particulate dentin, and then grafted immediately into the extraction sites or bone deffects. Monitoring the clinical and radiological parameters (vertical and horizontal dimensional changes on the alveolar ridge and vertical dimension of intrabony defects at the distal aspect of the second molar after extraction of third molar) for a period of 6 months, proved rapid healing capacity of ADG on the bone and soft tissue structures in the jawbones. Material and methods. Clinical measurements were performed using a questionnaire for monitoring the postoperative clinical manifestation, bone measuring calipers for measuring horizontal changes of the alveolar ridge and graduated probe for measuring vertical dimensional changes, also paraclinical-radiological examinations to follow-up bone density. Results. During the follow up period of six months, clinical measurements of post-extraction dimensional changes of the alveolar ridges showed minimal horizontal and vertical bone resorption with preserved alveolar ridge volume, with an accelerated bone regenerative process without special postoperative complications. Conclusion. Dentin particulate grafted immediately after extractions should be considered as gold standard due to its osteogenetic, osteoinductive and osteoconductive effects on bone tissue regeneration. With the use of mineralized dentin matrix we get maximum utilization of our own biological potential without the use of other artificial graft materials.

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Sun, Jiayue, Yinghan Hu, Yinxin Fu, Derong Zou, Jiayu Lu, and Chengqi Lyu. "Emerging roles of platelet concentrates and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles in regenerative periodontology and implant dentistry." APL Bioengineering 6, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 031503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0099872.

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Platelet concentrates (PCs) are easily obtained from autogenous whole blood after centrifugation and have evolved through three generations of development to include platelet-rich plasma, platelet-rich fibrin, and concentrated growth factor. Currently, PCs are widely used for sinus floor elevation, alveolar ridge preservation, periodontal bone defects, guided bone regeneration, and treatment of gingival recession. More recently, PCs have been leveraged for tissue regeneration to promote oral soft and hard tissue regeneration in implant dentistry and regenerative periodontology. PCs are ideal for this purpose because they have a high concentration of platelets, growth factors, and cytokines. Platelets have been shown to release extracellular vesicles (P-EVs), which are thought to be essential for PC-induced tissue regeneration. This study reviewed the clinical application of PCs and P-EVs for implant surgery and periodontal tissue regeneration.

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Wang, Penglai, Wen Wang, Tengyu Geng, Yi Liu, Shaoyue Zhu, Zongxiang Liu, and Changyong Yuan. "EphrinB2 regulates osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and alveolar bone defect regeneration in beagles." Journal of Tissue Engineering 10 (January 2019): 204173141989436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041731419894361.

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EphrinB2, a membrane protein regulating bone homeostasis, has been demonstrated to induce osteogenic gene expression in periodontal ligament fibroblasts. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of ephrinB2 on osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and on alveolar bone regeneration in vivo. We assessed the osteogenic gene expression and osteogenic differentiation potential of ephrinB2-modified human and canine periodontal ligament stem cells, in which ephrinB2 expression was upregulated via lentiviral vector transduction. EphrinB2-modified canine periodontal ligament stem cells combined with PuraMatrix were delivered to critical-sized alveolar bone defects in beagles to evaluate bone regeneration. Results showed that ephrinB2 overexpression enhanced osteogenic gene transcription and mineral deposition in both human and canine periodontal ligament stem cells. Animal experiments confirmed that ephrinB2-modified canine periodontal ligament stem cells + PuraMatrix resulted in greater trabecular bone volume per tissue volume and trabecular thickness compared with other groups. Our study demonstrated that ephrinB2 promoted osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells and alveolar bone repair in beagles, highlighting its therapeutic potential for the treatment of alveolar bone damage.

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Zhou, Yinghong, Chengtie Wu, and Yin Xiao. "Silicate-based bioceramics for periodontal regeneration." J. Mater. Chem. B 2, no. 25 (2014): 3907–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tb00377b.

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Bolea, Adelin, and Andrei Mostovei. "Guided bone regeneration through autogenous laminated bone blocks." Journal of Stomatological Medicine, no. 4(60) (March 2022): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53530/1857-1328.21.60.01.

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Implant–prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous patients with various forms of bone atrophy is a current challenge in oral implantology. The aim of the study is to evaluate the bone volume obtained after grafting procedures using cortical blocks according to the Khoury technique. Material and methods: The study was focused on 10 patients with atrophies of the alveolar ridges that required procedures to create the bone supply for implant– prosthetic rehabilitation. The latter were performed using the Khoury technique, using laminated blocks installed at a distance from the recipient area, filling the space created with autogenous bone (50% of cases) and in combination with xenograft (50% of cases). Following the analysis of the data calculated on CBCT, the presence of a bone ridge with a thickness of 4.54±0.28mm (at 1mm apical from the top of the ridge) and 6.5±0.4mm (at a depth of 4mm) was determined. In 8 out of 10 patients, the implants were inserted in the same session, due to the possibility of fixing them in the apical part. Results: Following the surgery, the obtained thickness of the ridge was assessed at the same levels determined preoperatively, which constituted on average 9.5±0.26mm (at 1mm subcrestal) and 10.85±0.29mm (at 4mm depth) . At the end of the healing period, at the same levels the width of the ridge decreased by 0.51±0.14mm and 0.63±0.17mm (p> 0.05), and was obtained 8.99±0.28mm and 10.22± 0.26mm. Conclusions: Following the analyzed data, the creation of bone supply through autogenous blocks (Khoury technique) allows to obtain predictable results and a suitable bone bed for the insertion of dental implants. If the alveolar ridge is atrophied (thin) only in the coronary portion (in 8 cases out of 10), and the apical portion is thick enough, the insertion of dental implants simultaneously with the grafting procedure does not affect the graft integration.

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Tsuchida, Sachio, and Tomohiro Nakayama. "Recent Clinical Treatment and Basic Research on the Alveolar Bone." Biomedicines 11, no. 3 (March 10, 2023): 843. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11030843.

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The periodontal ligament is located between the bone (alveolar bone) and the cementum of the tooth, and it is connected by tough fibers called Sharpey’s fibers. To maintain healthy teeth, the foundation supporting the teeth must be healthy. Periodontal diseases, also known as tooth loss, cause the alveolar bone to dissolve. The alveolar bone, similar to the bones in other body parts, is repeatedly resorbed by osteoclasts and renewed by osteogenic cells. This means that an old bone is constantly being resorbed and replaced by a new bone. In periodontal diseases, the alveolar bone around the teeth is absorbed, and as the disease progresses, the alveolar bone shrinks gradually. In most cases, the resorbed alveolar bone does not return to its original form even after periodontal disease is cured. Gum covers the tooth surface so that it matches the shape of the resorbed alveolar bone, exposing more of the tooth surface than before, making the teeth look longer, leaving gaps between the teeth, and in some cases causing teeth to sting. Previously, the only treatment for periodontal diseases was to stop the disease from progressing further before the teeth fell out, and restoration to the original condition was almost impossible. However, a treatment method that can help in the regeneration of the supporting tissues of the teeth destroyed by periodontal diseases and the restoration of the teeth to their original healthy state as much as possible is introduced. Recently, with improvements in implant material properties, implant therapy has become an indispensable treatment method in dentistry and an important prosthetic option. Treatment methods and techniques, which are mainly based on experience, have gradually accumulated scientific evidence, and the number of indications for treatment has increased. The development of bone augmentation methods has contributed remarkably to the expansion of indications, and this has been made possible by various advances in materials science. The induced pluripotent stem cell (iPS) cell technology for regenerating periodontal tissues, including alveolar bone, is expected to be applied in the treatment of diseases, such as tooth loss and periodontitis. This review focuses on the alveolar bone and describes clinical practice, techniques, and the latest basic research.

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Zakrzewski, Wojciech, Maciej Dobrzynski, Zbigniew Rybak, Maria Szymonowicz, and Rafal J. Wiglusz. "Selected Nanomaterials’ Application Enhanced with the Use of Stem Cells in Acceleration of Alveolar Bone Regeneration during Augmentation Process." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (June 22, 2020): 1216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061216.

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Regenerative properties are different in every human tissue. Nowadays, with the increasing popularity of dental implants, bone regenerative procedures called augmentations are sometimes crucial in order to perform a successful dental procedure. Tissue engineering allows for controlled growth of alveolar and periodontal tissues, with use of scaffolds, cells, and signalling molecules. By modulating the patient’s tissues, it can positively influence poor integration and healing, resulting in repeated implant surgeries. Application of nanomaterials and stem cells in tissue regeneration is a newly developing field, with great potential for maxillofacial bony defects. Nanostructured scaffolds provide a closer structural support with natural bone, while stem cells allow bony tissue regeneration in places when a certain volume of bone is crucial to perform a successful implantation. Several types of selected nanomaterials and stem cells were discussed in this study. Their use has a high impact on the efficacy of the current and future procedures, which are still challenging for medicine. There are many factors that can influence the regenerative process, while its general complexity makes the whole process even harder to control. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and advantage of both stem cells and nanomaterials in order to better understand their function in regeneration of bone tissue in oral cavity.

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Aljuboori, Mohammed Jasim. "Crestal Bone Regeneration in Defective Bone Implants." International Journal of Experimental Dental Science 3, no. 2 (2014): 95–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10029-1079.

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ABSTRACT Implant placement in narrow alveolar bone ridges end with buccal bone dehiscence and implant thread exposure. In this conditions, bone graft need to be placed in a addition to the collagen membrane to cover the dehiscence with primary wound closure. This paper presents an implant case with a medical history of diabetic type II and smoker patient. Implant placed in narrow ridge and three coronal threads of the fixture exposed when the implant torque into the final position. After 3 months healing period, the implant site exposed with complete bone formation and coverage of the threads. From this case, one might conclude that: first the type of the implant surface may enhance bone formation, second the periosteum may contribute in the bone regeneration. Third the medical condition of the patient may has no local influence on the implant site. How to cite this article Aljuboori MJ, Saini R. Crestal Bone Regeneration in Defective Bone Implants. Int J Experiment Dent Sci 2014;3(2):95-97.

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Vidigal Junior, Guaracilei Maciel, Luiz Roberto Figueiredo Dantas, Luis Carlos de Moraes e. Silva Junior, Mario Groisman, Ricardo G. Fischer, and Arthur Belém Novaes Junior. "Prosthetically Driven Alveolar Reconstructions: A Retrospective Study." Brazilian Dental Journal 31, no. 5 (September 2020): 458–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440202003218.

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Abstract This study aims to evaluate the post-extraction alveolar bone reconstruction amongst 12 patients exhibiting loss of buccal bone plate in a tooth of the anterior region of the maxilla using the prosthetically-driven alveolar reconstruction technique (PDAR). In PDAR, a partial fixed provisional prosthesis (PFPP [conventional or adhesive]) with a specially designed pontic maintains the clot in a mechanically stable position during alveolar regeneration. Moreover, the pontic design, in hourglass shape and located in the subgingival area, also prevents gingival margins from collapsing. Gingival recession was evaluated through the 6-month healing period. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed 1 month before and 8 months after PDAR treatment. For the primary outcome, in the panoramic imaging, the central area of bone defect in each tooth was selected for linear measurements. Measurements of the vertical buccal bone gain and the gain in thickness in the alveolar bone crest were obtained 8 months after PDAR. Descriptive statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient analysis were conducted. After treatment, all patients showed bone formation (a mean vertical gain of 7.1±3.7 mm, associated with a horizontal mean gain of 4.5±1.4 mm in the alveolar bone crest). The intraclass correlation coefficient for the measurements performed using CBCT was 0.999. No gingival recession, greater than 1 mm, was observed. Lower-morbidity procedures without the use of biomaterials may be a useful in post-extraction alveolar ridge regeneration and/or preservation. PDAR promoted alveolar bone formation without flaps, grafts and membranes.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Alveolar bone regeneration'

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