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Journal articles on the topic 'Aluminum Coloring'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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1

Liu, Yisen, Yi Chang, Zhiyuan Ling, Xing Hu, and Yi Li. "Structural coloring of aluminum." Electrochemistry Communications 13, no. 12 (December 2011): 1336–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2011.08.008.

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2

YOSHIURA, Hiroyuki. "Coloring of Aluminum Craft Work." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 62, no. 11 (1989): 666–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.62.666.

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3

ITO, Seishiro. "White Coloring of Anodized Aluminum." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 67, no. 10 (2016): 515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.67.515.

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4

Donahue, Craig J., and Jennifer A. Exline. "Anodizing and Coloring Aluminum Alloys." Journal of Chemical Education 91, no. 5 (April 15, 2014): 711–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed3005598.

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5

Nozari Nezhad, Masume, Alireza Kolahi, Mahmood Kazemzad, and Maryam Saiedifar. "Electrolytic Coloring of Anodized Aluminum by Copper." Advanced Materials Research 829 (November 2013): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.829.381.

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It is important to generate aluminum oxide layer on the surface of aluminum in order to enhance the adhesion of the dye molecules in coloring aluminum industry. One of the major advantages of aluminum is the formation of a resistant oxide layer naturally, but the thickness of this layer is not high enough and it should be damaged due to lack of mechanical strength. However, the thickness of oxide layer can be increased through anodizing; this process improves its abrasion and corrosion resistance as well as its mechanical properties. In the present study, specimens of pure aluminum were anodized under galvanostatic condition in sulfuric acid electrolyte and porous nanostructured aluminum oxide layer was formed. Porosity of the anodized layer was controlled by optimizing the working conditions such as electrolyte concentration, anodizing time and current density. Finally, the specimens were electrolytically colored by applying alternating current to copper (Cu) solutions. Colored coatings were created at constant voltage and different coloring duration. The results indicated that the shade of different metal ions can be optimized by controlling the coloring parameters, the longer time of coloring results in the darker colors. The samples were examined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical test.

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6

Yu, Mei, Wu Jiang, Jian Hua Liu, and Song Mei Li. "Black Anodized Thermal Control Coating on LY12 Aluminum Alloy." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 2166–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.2166.

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The black thermal control coatings were prepared by etching anodic oxide film and coloring with an organic ATT dyestuff on the LY12 aluminum alloy. The anodic oxide film on aluminum alloy was formulated in 20% aqueous solution of sulfuric acid in galvanostatic conditions. The microstructure of the anodized coating was studied by scanning electronic microscope (SEM). Open circuit potential (OCP) was applied to study the etching of porous oxide layers in the immerging acid solution. The influence of coloring on the optical properties of the coating was investigated. Results showed that the solar absorptance and infrared emittance increased by increasing coloring times.

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7

Wang, Li Xian, Qiang Guo, Guo Liang Pan, and Chun Ying Guo. "Study on Coloring Protective Composite Oxide Film on Aluminum Surface." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 1789–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.1789.

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This work presents a preparation of composite aluminum anodizing oxide film and its coloring process. When a kind of ultra fine silicon particle with negative charge was doped into the micropores of film by electrochemical method, the obtained composite film has bulk density of 3.53 g•cm-3, cavity ratio of 10.6 % and thickness of over 20 µm. Compared to traditional aluminum anodizing oxide films, the obtained new film gives higher hardness and mechanical properties. XRD analysis showed that silicon particles in composite oxide film were mainly composed of feldspar NaAlSi3O8. Furthermore, a kind of malonamide azo-colorant was introduced into the micropores of composite oxide film by in-situ synthesis to give various colors, where the malonyl group was as a bridge between aluminum oxide film and diazonium group. Properties evluation tests shows that the obtained colored decoration film exhibits high resistance to heat, salt-fog, mold and nature corrosion. Therefore, the composite aluminum anodizing oxide film is a promising candidate for application in stringent condition needing high protection as well as bright color.

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8

Passos, E. R., and J. A. Rodrigues. "The influence of titanium and iron oxides on the coloring and friability of the blue fired aluminum oxide as an abrasive material." Cerâmica 62, no. 361 (March 2016): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132016623611960.

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Abstract The quality of abrasive grains is crucial to increase the lifespan of roughing, polishing and cutting tools. The purpose of the work herein was to evaluate the variables of the blue fired aluminum oxide heat treatment process. This heat treatment process improves the physical properties of the brown fused aluminum oxide and results in a blue coloring, which uniquely identifies it within the abrasives industry. The work herein includes information beginning with the electro-fusion process of bauxite (the manufacturing of the brown fused aluminum oxide) to the Blue Fired process. It also compares the fracture resistance index between these materials. This index is the inverse of the friability. Besides the content of titanium and iron oxides, process variables such as time, temperature and atmospheric conditions are important to monitor in order to reach standard requirements. Experimental evidence measuring these parameters is presented in the article herein. The blue coloring of this aluminum oxide is explained by the optical phenomena of electron transition, and not by the formation of aluminum titanate, as some technical literature has stated. Furthermore, it was proved that the coloring of blue fired material should not be used exclusively as an indicator of the optimal abrasive characteristics of this class of aluminum oxide.

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9

YASUI, Akihito, Taichi HASEGAWA, Mitsunobu IWASAKI, Hiroaki TADA, and Seishiro ITO. "Electrolytic Coloring with Cobalt of Anodized Aluminum." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 78, no. 1 (2005): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.78.2.

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10

Anicai, L., C. Trifu, and L. Dima. "Anodic oxidation and coloring of aluminum powders." Metal Finishing 98, no. 12 (December 2000): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(01)80003-9.

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11

Alves, Guilherme José Turcatel, Sandra Masetto Antunes, Andre Lazarin Gallina, Guilherme Arielo Rodrigues Maia, and Paulo Rogério Pinto Rodrigues. "Optimization of Aluminum Anodizing and Coloring Process Employing Organic Pigment." Materials Science Forum 805 (September 2014): 137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.805.137.

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The process of aluminum anodizing forms an oxide layer constituted of nanotubes where it is possible to insert compounds, amongst these are the pigments and dyes. This study has as its main aim to study the behavior of aluminum alloy 6000, anodized and dyed with monolite red in Na2SO4 0.5 mol L-1 and pH = 4. The techniques employed were: anodic potentiostatic polarization, open circuit potential, chemometry, polarization resistance and optical micrograph. The factorial planning was proposed using four variables (anodizing time, current density, electrolyte concentration, and dye), the response to the planning was the charge transfer resistance. Polarization curves revealed that the anodized and dyed aluminum samples are much more resistant than the non-anodized aluminum. Optical microscopy analyses demonstrated that the dissolution of dye occurs in the solution, but not enough to break the film. As the main result, efficient coloring of aluminum parts was verified with reduction in costs in relation to the energy employed in the process, associated to reduction in time spent for the anodizing process, which makes it suitable to increase industrial production of dyed aluminum parts.

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12

Zulaida, Yeni Muriani, Afifah H. Ramadhanisa, and Tri Partuti. "The Effect of Electrolyte Concentration and Electric Current on the Quality of Surface Coloring on Anodized Aluminum." Materials Science Forum 988 (April 2020): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.988.42.

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The use of aluminum metal in daily life has widely used coloring techniques to enhance the aesthetic value of the metal. Aluminum anodizing process can produce porous on the metal surface. The formed porous can be used to store and hold the coloring agent to make them more durable. The research intends to observe the coloring characteristics on the aluminum surface influenced by several parameters of the anodizing process, including electrolyte concentration and electric current. In this study the current H2SO4 concentration was used as a variable to improve the quality of staining on anodized aluminum surfaces. The anodization process was carried out on H2SO4 electrolyte solution with variations in concentrations of 10% to 20% and the current density used was 3 A to 5 A. The tests were carried out using micro Vickers to observe the hardness value. The hardness was higher at lower concentration of electrolyte solution due to thinner layer of oxide film, scanning electron microscope to observe the structure and visual observations for anodized color quality. From the results given, the tendency of the lower current density the size and density of porous lower. With the same condition, the color was darker than higher current density.

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13

ISHIDA, Shin-ichi, and Seisir^ ^ocirc;o; IT^|^Ocirc;. "Pastel Coloring of Anodic Oxide Film on Aluminum." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 63, no. 9 (1990): 517–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.63.517.

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14

ISHII, Toshiya, and Toshio OGAWA. "The Coloring Mechanism of Boehmite-treated Aluminum Foil." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 77, no. 11 (2004): 493–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.77.493.

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15

KURODA, Koichi. "Coloring Factor of Kalcolor Film Formed on Aluminum." Journal of The Surface Finishing Society of Japan 69, no. 12 (December 1, 2018): 641–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.69.641.

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16

Yongqing, S., M. Zihe, G. Jiaqiang, and Y. Yuan. "Electrolytic coloring of aluminum in lead acetate solution." Metal Finishing 97, no. 12 (December 1999): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(00)81110-1.

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17

Yongging, Su. "Electrolytic coloring of aluminum in ferrous sulfate solution." Metal Finishing 98, no. 12 (December 2000): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(01)80032-5.

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18

TAKAHASHI, Hideaki. "Electrolytic Coloring of Porous Anodic Oxide Films on Aluminum." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 62, no. 10 (1989): 607–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.62.607.

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19

Akolkar, Rohan, Yar-Ming Wang, and Hong-Hsiang (Harry) Kuo. "Kinetics of the electrolytic coloring process on anodized aluminum." Journal of Applied Electrochemistry 37, no. 2 (December 9, 2006): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10800-006-9258-0.

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20

Oskin, K. I., N. M. Yakovleva, E. A. Chupakhina, K. V. Stepanova, and A. N. Kokatev. "Study of coloured anodized coatings on aluminum alloy by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy." Transaction Kola Science Centre 12, no. 2-2021 (December 13, 2021): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5252.2021.2.5.041.

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21

Vladimirtseva, E. L., L. V. Sharnina, and A. A. Mironova. "Using of fluorinated aluminum silicate in the process coloring of textile materials with pigments." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, no. 2 (October 2, 2018): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-2-307-312.

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The aim of the work is to search for new drugs and technologies for processing textile materials to achieve high quality products with minimum costs and practical absence of harmful industrial emissions. Studies on the use of insoluble aluminum silicate in practical application in the textile industryare conducted at the Ivanovo State University of Chemical Technology. The experience of using silicates for modifying the properties of wool fibre and purification of exhaust dyeing solutions from direct, active and acidic dyes has been accumulated. The article considers the possibility of using fluorinated aluminum silicate (xAl2O3 * ySiO2 * zAlF3), which is a by-product in manufacture of aluminum fluoride, when coloring textile materials with pigment dyes. The uniqueness of this preparation lies in the fact that fluorinated aluminum silicate combines two fractions: insoluble (silicon and aluminum oxides) and soluble (aluminum fluoride). Aluminum fluoride has a limited solubility in water (0.41% by weight at 25 ° C), but is catalytically active and is used in a number of chemical processes as a catalyst. Due to the presence of water-soluble aluminum fluoride, fluorinated aluminum silicate has an acidic reaction. This powder is finely dispersed and its insoluble part has a white color, so it can be used as filler for blending printing inks and a catalyst for the dye fixing process on the fibre. The color and strength characteristics of the obtained stains convincingly prove that the fluorinated aluminum silicate can successfully replace commercially available catalysts. An additional positive feature is an increase in the shelf life of the finished printed composition. The limited solubility of aluminum fluoride, on the one hand, and its distribution in the structure of insoluble alumina and silicon oxides, on the other, makes the preparation catalytically inactive at room temperature, which positively affects the stability of the ink. Another option for the use of fluorinated aluminum silicate in combination with pigments can be purification of exhaust dyeing solutions. In this case, the high sorption activity of fluorinated aluminum silicate with respect to pigments plays a leading role. If fine dispersed fluorinated aluminum silicate is placed in the aqueous dispersion of the pigment, then, settling, it will capture the dye. Within 24 hours, the dispersion completely discolored. At the same time, the settled powder acquires a pigment tint. The results of the research presented in this paper make it possible to talk about the technological possibilities of using fluorinated aluminum silicate in the coloring of textile materials with pigments in which both its sorption ability and catalytic activity are in demand.

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22

ISHIDA, Shin-ichi, and Seisirô ITÔ. "AC electrolytic blue coloring of anodic oxide films on aluminum." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 41, no. 10 (1990): 1054–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.41.1054.

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23

ITO, Seisiro. "A new method for coloring anodic oxide films on aluminum." Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 38, no. 6 (1988): 354–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2464/jilm.38.354.

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24

Shaffei, M. F., S. S. Abd El-Rehim, N. A. Shaaban, and H. S. Huisen. "Electrolytic coloring of anodic aluminum for selective solar absorbing films." Metal Finishing 99, no. 12 (December 2001): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(01)81727-x.

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25

Du, B., S. S. Zhou, and N. L. Li. "Research Progress of Coloring Aluminum Pigments by Corrosion Protection Method." Procedia Environmental Sciences 10 (2011): 807–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2011.09.130.

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26

Tsangaraki-Kaplanoglou, I., S. Theohari, Th Dimogerontakis, N. Kallithrakas-Kontos, Yar-Ming Wang, Hong-Hsiang (Harry) Kuo, and Sheila Kia. "An investigation of electrolytic coloring process of anodized aluminum coatings." Surface and Coatings Technology 201, no. 6 (December 2006): 2749–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2006.05.027.

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27

Lee, Chun Chien, Stephanie El-Zahlanieh, Yi Hsuan Wang, Chien Chon Chen, Shih Hsun Chen, and Yo Wei Chang. "6061 Aluminum Surface Treatment by High Quality Coloring Anodic Film." Materials Science Forum 975 (January 2020): 31–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.975.31.

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Electrochemical techniques can be used in the various fields, such as anodization, deposition, etching, polishing, pitting, and corrosion applications. In this paper, we focus on the high quality coloring anodic film fabrication. In the prior technologies, anodization generally has the main purpose of surface decoration or corrosion resistance. However, in the high technologies, the characteristics of film thickness, anti-voltage value, surface roughness, surface color and hardness of the anodic film have been strict requirements. The key parameters of anodization such as, electrolyte composition, current-voltage curve pattern, temperature, current density, time, final voltage, efficiency, and electricity affect the quality of anodic film. In order to make a high quality anodic film, this paper provided a detail anodization process and discussed the quality of anodic film.

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28

Hao, Jian Min, Dong Xiao Li, Hong Chen, and Lian Ping Li. "Preparing of Army-Green Ceramic Coating on LY12 Alloy and the Study of Fastness to Ultraviolet Light." Advanced Materials Research 306-307 (August 2011): 746–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.306-307.746.

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In this paper, army-green ceramic coating has been obtained by Micro-arc Oxidation, a study of the effects of terminal voltage and colored salt concentration on the thickness, chromaticity and luminance has been made. The performance of anti-aging performance to ultraviolet light of the coatings and anodized oxide film on aluminum by electrolytic coloring was investigated. The thickness, chromaticity ,luminance of the coating were measured .The best sample was obtained at the terminal voltage of 360V and the colored salt concentration of 15g/L, the anti-aging of the army-green coatings to ultraviolet light is apparently better than that of the anodized oxide film by electrolytic coloring.

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29

KAWAGUCHI, Tomoko, Sachiko ONO, Toshihiko SATO, and Noboru MASUKO. "Behavior of electrolytic coloring on anodic oxide films formed on aluminum." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 41, no. 6 (1990): 690–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.41.690.

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30

IT^|^Ocirc;, Seisir^ ^ocirc;, Yasuhiko FUJITA, Tosihide KUWAHARA, and Masami TANAKA. "Coloring Method of Anodic Oxide Films on Aluminum Using CVD Method." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 58, no. 11 (1985): 648–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.58.648.

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31

ITO, Seisiro, Yoshinori MORI, Shiro MANAKA, and Masami TANAKA. "Coloring of anodic oxide coatings on aluminum by the PVD method." Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 38, no. 3 (1988): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2464/jilm.38.177.

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32

Alves, Guilherme José Turcatel, Guilherme Arielo Rodrigues Maia, Sandra Regina Masetto Antunes, Marilei de Fátima Oliveira, Maico Taras da Cunha, and Paulo Rogério Pinto Rodrigues. "Application of experimental design for AA6351 aluminum alloy anodization and coloring." Materials Research Express 6, no. 1 (October 9, 2018): 016509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/aae347.

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33

Tsangaraki-Kaplanoglou, I., S. Theohari, Th Dimogerontakis, N. Kallithrakas-Kontos, Yar-Ming Wang, Hong-Hsiang (Harry) Kuo, and Sheila Kia. "Effect of alloy types on the electrolytic coloring process of aluminum." Surface and Coatings Technology 200, no. 12-13 (March 2006): 3969–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.02.174.

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34

Sharma, A. K., H. Bhojraj, V. K. Kaila, and H. Narayanamurthy. "Anodizing and inorganic black coloring of aluminum alloys for space applications." Metal Finishing 95, no. 12 (December 1997): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0576(97)82621-9.

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35

Wou, Lyndon L. S., and B. A. Mulley. "Effect of Dispersion on the Coloring Properties of Aluminum Dye Lakes." Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 77, no. 10 (October 1988): 866–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600771011.

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36

SAKAGUCHI, Masaaki. "Technology of Black Finishing. Black Coloring Treatment of Aluminum Anodic Oxide Film." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 50, no. 4 (1999): 315–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.50.315.

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37

ISHIDA, Shin-ichi, and Seisir^ ^ocirc; FT^|^Ocirc;. "Blue-Coloring of Electrolytic Brown-Colored Film on Aluminum in Ni2+ Electrolyte." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 63, no. 11 (1990): 666–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.63.666.

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38

Gao, Li, Yohei Harada, and Shinji Kumai. "Microstructural characterization of aluminum alloys using Weck's reagent, part II: Coloring mechanism." Materials Characterization 107 (September 2015): 434–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matchar.2015.05.006.

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39

Hu, X., Y. J. Pu, Z. Y. Ling, and Y. Li. "Coloring of aluminum using photonic crystals of porous alumina with electrodeposited Ag." Optical Materials 32, no. 2 (December 2009): 382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2009.09.009.

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40

Buwono, Haris Puspito. "The Hardness of Aluminum Oxide Surface in Anodized Coloring Under Low Voltage." INTEK: Jurnal Penelitian 6, no. 2 (November 12, 2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31963/intek.v6i2.1522.

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41

Shih, Hsing-Hsiang, and Yu-Chieh Huang. "Study on the black electrolytic coloring of anodized aluminum in cupric sulfate." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 208, no. 1-3 (November 2008): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.12.119.

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42

Liu, Jun Quan, Xiao Hui Wang, and Jin L. Xu. "The Study of the Electrochemical Graining Process in NaBO₂- H₃BO₃ Solution and Grain Appearance on the Surface of Aluminum Alloy." Key Engineering Materials 373-374 (March 2008): 236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.373-374.236.

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The mainly process of electrochemical graining on 6063 aluminum alloy included graining at alternating current, anodizing and chemical coloring. The graining used NaBO2- H3BO3 system as film-forming solution, proper AC current density, treating time, temperature , adding agents and solution concentration were ascertained through operating orthogonal experiment, the grain of appropriate density and width could be obtained, the grained surface of aluminum alloy presented intergranular corrosion in the graining zone, the appearance was improved after anodizing, enough thick anodizing film could make intergranular corrosion eliminated. Cyclic voltammetry experiment was used to preliminarily explaine the grain process, the main cause of graining zone formation was hydrogen evolution.

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43

YAMAMURO, Masaaki, and Sigeyoshi MORISAKI. "Change of the color tone of three-step electrolytic coloring films on aluminum." Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 51, no. 4 (2001): 234–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2464/jilm.51.234.

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44

ONO, Sachiko, Tomoko KAWAGUCHI, and Noboru MASUKO. "Electrolytic coloring of anodic oxide films formed on aluminum in various acid solutions." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 41, no. 2 (1990): 171–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.41.171.

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45

YAMAMURO, Masaaki, and Sigeyoshi MORISAKI. "Influence of UV Irradiation on the Three Step Electrolytic Coloring Film on Aluminum." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 51, no. 10 (2000): 1016–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.51.1016.

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46

IT^|^Ocirc;, Seisir^ ^ocirc;, Shin-ichi ISHIDA, Seiji HAGINO, Takashi ONAKA, Shiro MANAKA, and Masami TANAKA. "Electrolytic White Coloring of Anodic Oxide Film on Aluminum in Al3+ Electrolytic Bath." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 61, no. 1 (1988): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.61.7.

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47

ISHIDA, Shin-ichi, and Seisirô ITÔ. "Mechanism of electrolytic coloring of anodic oxide film on aluminum by anodic stripping method." Journal of the Surface Finishing Society of Japan 40, no. 12 (1989): 1394–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4139/sfj.40.1394.

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48

Tian-Chi, Zhou, and Lu Da-Lian. "Application Study of Computer Color Measuring Technology Used in the Process of Aluminum Coloring." Information Technology Journal 12, no. 3 (January 15, 2013): 449–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/itj.2013.449.453.

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49

IT^|^Ocirc;, Seisir^ ^ocirc;, Shin-ichi ISHIDA, Seiji HAGINO, Takashi ONAKA, Shiro MANAKA, and Masami TANAKA. "Electrolytic White Coloring of Anodic Oxide Film on Aluminum in Hydrated Titanium Oxide Sol." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 60, no. 9 (1987): 473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.60.473.

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50

ISHIDA, Shinichi, and Seisiro ITO. "Electrolytic White Coloring of Anodic Oxide Film on Aluminum in Mg2+ System Electrolytic Bath." Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 62, no. 11 (1989): 651–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.62.651.

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