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Journal articles on the topic 'Aluminium; Iron'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 16 February 2022

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1

Kharisov, L. R., N. N. Safronov, and G. N. Safronov. "Strength of SHS Aluminium Cast Iron from Dispersed Mechanical Engineering Waste." Solid State Phenomena 284 (October 2018): 679–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.284.679.

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The article presents an alternative method of obtaining aluminium cast iron in the process of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis from disperse waste of machine-building enterprises. The deficiencies of the traditional methods for obtaining structural iron castings with aluminum are established. The analysis of the factors influencing the strength of the SHS aluminium cast iron, the planned experiment for obtaining the maximum strength of SHS aluminium cast iron for two input factors varying at three levels and three parallel observations were carried out. The statistical processing of experimental results is performed. The mathematical model is obtained for the dependence of operational factors on the composition of the charge of the SHS process. The significance of the regression coefficients of the equation is determined. The adequacy of the obtained equation is checked for the results of observations. The analysis of the conditions for the formation of the microstructure of aluminium cast iron in the process of SHS-casting is presented.

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2

Shivakumar, S. P., A. S. Sharan, and K. Sadashivappa. "Experimental Investigations on Vibration Properties of Aluminium Matrix Composites Reinforced with Iron Oxide Particles." Applied Mechanics and Materials 895 (November 2019): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.895.122.

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Aluminium matrix composites offer improved damping properties than other metals and its alloy. Generally pure metals and its alloys may have fairly good mechanical properties but falls short in damping properties. Aluminium matrix composites are becoming important in aerospace automobile and marine applications due to its god damping properties. The present investigation is concerned with the damping capacity of iron oxide (Fe2O3) reinforced aluminium matrix composite. The composites were fabricated with 2%, 4% and 6%, by weight of iron oxide with varied particle of size 40 μm and 500 nm in equal proportions using stir casting process. From the results obtained the 500 nm size with 4 wt% of iron oxide showed improved dynamic properties. The iron oxides reinforced with aluminum matrix are found to be new substitutes for the existing materials with low damping properties.

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3

Binczyk, F. "Intermetallic iron-aluminium layers." Metal Powder Report 53, no. 7-8 (July 1998): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0026-0657(98)85120-5.

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4

Backhaus, Richard. "Aluminium or cast iron?" MTZ worldwide 74, no. 6 (April 29, 2013): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38313-013-0056-x.

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5

Liao, Z., Z. Gu, M. C. Schulz, J. R. Davis, J. C. Baygents, and J. Farrell. "Treatment of cooling tower blowdown water containing silica, calcium and magnesium by electrocoagulation." Water Science and Technology 60, no. 9 (November 1, 2009): 2345–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.675.

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This research investigated the effectiveness of electrocoagulation using iron and aluminium electrodes for treating cooling tower blowdown (CTB) waters containing dissolved silica (Si(OH)4), Ca2 + and Mg2 + . The removal of each target species was measured as a function of the coagulant dose in simulated CTB waters with initial pH values of 5, 7, and 9. Experiments were also performed to investigate the effect of antiscaling compounds and coagulation aids on hardness ion removal. Both iron and aluminum electrodes were effective at removing dissolved silica. For coagulant doses ≤3 mM, silica removal was a linear function of the coagulant dose, with 0.4 to 0.5 moles of silica removed per mole of iron or aluminium. Iron electrodes were only 30% as effective at removing Ca2 + and Mg2 + as compared to silica. There was no measurable removal of hardness ions by aluminium electrodes in the absence of organic additives. Phosphonate based antiscaling compounds were uniformly effective at increasing the removal of Ca2 + and Mg2 + by both iron and aluminium electrodes. Cationic and amphoteric polymers used as coagulation aids were also effective at increasing hardness ion removal.

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6

Hilfrich, K., K. Nembach, W. Petry, O. Schärpf, and E. Nembach. "Superlattices in iron-rich iron-aluminium alloys." Physica B: Condensed Matter 180-181 (June 1992): 588–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0921-4526(92)90403-f.

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7

Ma, Zhiling, Yajing Wen, Chunyan Zhang, and Jing Wang. "Coloured waterborne aluminium pigments prepared by iron oxides encapsulation method using FeSO4 and FeCl3 as iron source." Pigment & Resin Technology 47, no. 3 (May 8, 2018): 216–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/prt-08-2016-0086.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of encapsulation pH and iron source on the anchorage mode and performance of iron oxide-encapsulated aluminium pigments. Design/methodology/approach The coloured waterborne aluminium pigments were prepared at pH 5-7.5 by using FeSO4 and FeCl3 as iron source. The anchorage mode of iron oxides on aluminium was characterized using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the pigmentary performance was characterized through anticorrosion test and multi-angle spectroscopy. Findings Diaspore and boehmite could form from H2O2 oxidizing aluminium. Both low pH and FeSO4 systems are beneficial for diaspore, inducing green rust anchor on the aluminium to form goethite. Either in FeSO4 or FeCl3 system, slightly high pH is beneficial for the formation of boehmite, which occurred together with ferrihydrite to form denser coating with yellowness and excellent anticorrosion property. At pH above 7, the formation of dendritic iron oxide is detrimental to the anticorrosion property and the glossiness. Research limitations/implications Only FeSO4·7H2O and FeCl3·6H2O as iron sources were explored. Practical implications The investigation results provide theoretical basis to obtain excellent chromatic waterborne aluminium pigments. Originality/value The method for investigation of encapsulation mechanism by surveying the structure of iron oxides on aluminium, which varies with the pH of the system and iron sources, is novel.

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8

Ward, Roberta J., Ying Zhang, and Robert R. Crichton. "Aluminium toxicity and iron homeostasis." Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 87, no. 1-2 (November 2001): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0162-0134(01)00308-7.

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9

Gumienny, Grzegorz, Barbara Kurowska, and Leszek Klimek. "Aluminium in compacted graphite iron." China Foundry 17, no. 2 (March 2020): 137–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41230-020-9013-x.

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10

Li, Ming, Hu Hao, Yin Yin Wang, and Zhi Ming Shi. "Apparent Morphology and Structure of Iron-Rich Phase in Aluminum Alloy." Materials Science Forum 877 (November 2016): 225–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.877.225.

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This work extracted the iron-rich phases in aluminium alloy containing the iron of 0.3%, 0.6%, 1%, 0.6%, 2% and 5% respectively, and studied the morphology and the structure of the iron-rich phases by using electrolytic extraction technology. The results showed that the iron-rich phase in aluminium alloy is a large number of alpha - Al3Fe and a small amount of lambda - Al13Fe4; the rich iron phases are distributed in aluminum alloy substrate in three-dimensional space, and its metallographic appearances in different sections present sheet, plate and needle-like structure. High resolution electron microscopy shows that lambda - Al13Fe4 and alpha - Al3Fe are tetrahedral structure, and when iron content is 0.3% - 1%, the iron-rich phase transition of lambda - Al13Fe4 to alpha - Al3Fe is influenced by iron content, and alpha - Al3Fe lattice constants a and c are bigger than that of standard value under 0.3% iron content, and alpha - Al3Fe lattice constant a changes little with the increase of iron content, and the lattice constant c becomes larger along with the increase of iron content, and when the iron content is up to 1%, the lattice constant a and c are gradually stabilized; lambda - Al13Fe4 lattice constant a and c are constant.

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11

Ansah, enjamin, Kafui Kwesi Agyeman, Harold Awuley Quaye, and Frederick Ampah Clement. "Water Fountain in Iron and Aluminium Cast Utensils." International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology 5, no. 6 (July 14, 2020): 1315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20jun888.

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Iron has been the most ridiculed material (main and auxiliary) in the production of water fountains generally. Its use has been questionable, because of its ability to easily rust when it comes into contact with water and oxygen. However, iron is a material that is relatively strong and elegant in looks when manipulated in art forms such as ornamental furniture. This is the primary motivation for engaging iron as a fountain material. To think of auxiliary materials, the diversification fountain materials also again influenced the choice of the aluminium utensils, because they have forms that can easily be employed in the production of fountains. This study is a material based design that employed iron with Aluminium cast utensils as the main materials. in this regard, the properties of aluminium and iron that make them suitable for the production of water fountains were duly analysed to inform the design. Also the functional and aesthetic properties of selected aluminium utensil were also assessed to underpin the design. This was followed by the well informed selection of appropriate finishes that have the right preservative properties for the iron. The design ensued from series of sketches through to a selected final plan the informed and directed the construction of the fountain. The aluminium cast utensils and types of iron were sample purposively according to the dictates of the design. The study resulted in a well fabricated indoor water fountain using the two materials namely iron and the Aluminium cast utensils. In conclusion, this study has been able to identify and creatively adapted some Iron forms and Aluminium Cast Utensils, guided by selected literature for the production of a fountain

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12

Dedman, D. J., A. Treffry, J. M. Candy, G. A. A. Taylor, C. M. Morris, C. A. Bloxham, R. H. Perry, J. A. Edwardson, and P. M. Harrison. "Iron and aluminium in relation to brain ferritin in normal individuals and Alzheimer's-disease and chronic renal-dialysis patients." Biochemical Journal 287, no. 2 (October 15, 1992): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2870509.

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Ferritin has been isolated and its subunit composition, iron and aluminium content determined in the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of normal individuals and in the cerebral cortex of Alzheimer's-disease and renal-dialysis patients. An e.l.i.s.a. for ferritin has been developed and the ferritin, non-haem iron and aluminium content of the parietal cortex were determined in normal individuals and Alzheimer's-disease patients. It was found that ferritin from the cerebral cortex and cerebellum of normal individuals had a high H-subunit content, similar to that of heart ferritin. The subunit composition of ferritin isolated from the cerebral cortex was not significantly altered in Alzheimer's-disease or renal-dialysis patients. Ferritin from the cerebral cortex of normal individuals had only approx. 1500 atoms of iron per molecule and the iron content of ferritin was not significantly changed in Alzheimer's-disease or renal-dialysis patients. Ferritin isolated from the cerebral cortex of normal, Alzheimer's-disease and renal-dialysis patients had less than 9 atoms of aluminium per molecule. The failure to find increased concentrations of aluminium associated with ferritin in dialysis patients, who had markedly increased concentrations of aluminium in the cerebral cortex, shows that aluminium does not accumulate in ferritin in vivo. This has important implications for the toxicity of aluminium, since it implies that cells are unable to detoxify aluminium by the same mechanism as that available for iron. Comparison of the concentrations of ferritin, aluminium and iron in the parietal cortex from normal and Alzheimer's-disease patients showed that, whereas the concentration of aluminium was not increased, both ferritin and iron were significantly increased in Alzheimer's disease.

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13

Slaninova, A., J. Machova, and Z. Svobodova. "Fish kill caused by aluminium and iron contamination in a natural pond used for fish rearing: a case report ." Veterinární Medicína 59, No. 11 (December 9, 2014): 573–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/7821-vetmed.

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Contamination of Pansky Pond, in March 2013, with 119 mg/l aluminium, and 87 mg/l iron by acidic (pH 3.17) inflow from a nearby quarry caused fish die-off, while exhibiting symptoms of suffocation. Transformation of soluble forms of aluminium and iron into insoluble forms occurred on fish gill where the content of aluminium and iron was 100-fold and 12-fold, respectively, that found in control fish in an unaffected pond. In addition to insoluble aluminium and iron, gills showed presence of iron bacteria. Histopathology was characterised by expression of reactive processes and regressive alterations resulting in gill tissue necrosis. Impairment of the excretory function of gills was reflected in significantly (P < 0.01) higher concentrations of ammonia in the blood plasma of exposed fish compared to the control. Damage to parenchymatous tissues (kidney, liver, spleen) of the exposed fish was manifested as dystrophic alterations, higher aluminium and iron content, and enhanced activity of transaminases in blood plasma compared to the control.

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14

Novak, John T., and Chang Min Park. "The effect of iron and aluminium for phosphorus removal on anaerobic digestion and organic sulfur generation." Water Science and Technology 62, no. 2 (July 1, 2010): 419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2010.300.

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The addition of iron or aluminium into activated sludge basins for phosphorus removal is likely to impact both the efficiency of the anaerobic digestion process and the generation of odor-causing compounds following digestion and dewatering. In this study, the impact of iron and aluminium addition on digestion and odor-causing compounds was investigated by using batch digestion of combined primary and waste activated sludge. It was found that aluminium addition resulted in a decrease in volatile solids destruction by anaerobic digestion of approximately 2%. Of the 7 sludges tested, 5 showed a small increase in volatile solids destruction after iron addition. With regard to the generation of organic sulfur odors from the dewatered sludge cakes, both iron and aluminium reduced odor-causing gases except for one sludge that had already received iron for phosphorus control in the full-scale process. It appears that iron and aluminium addition will benefit odor control.

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15

Qadr, H. M. "CALCULATION OF GAMMA-RAY ATTENUATION PARAMETERS FOR ALUMINIUM, IRON, ZIRCONIUM AND TUNGSTEN." Problems of Atomic Science and Technology, Ser. Thermonuclear Fusion 43, no. 2 (2020): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21517/0202-3822-2020-43-2-25-30.

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16

Ch’ng, Huck Ywih, Osumanu Haruna Ahmed, and Nik Muhamad Ab Majid. "Improving Phosphorus Availability in an Acid Soil Using Organic Amendments Produced from Agroindustrial Wastes." Scientific World Journal 2014 (2014): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/506356.

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In acid soils, soluble inorganic phosphorus is fixed by aluminium and iron. To overcome this problem, acid soils are limed to fix aluminium and iron but this practice is not economical. The practice is also not environmentally friendly. This study was conducted to improve phosphorus availability using organic amendments (biochar and compost produced from chicken litter and pineapple leaves, resp.) to fix aluminium and iron instead of phosphorus. Amending soil with biochar or compost or a mixture of biochar and compost increased total phosphorus, available phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus fractions (soluble inorganic phosphorus, aluminium bound inorganic phosphorus, iron bound inorganic phosphorus, redundant soluble inorganic phosphorus, and calcium bound phosphorus), and organic phosphorus. This was possible because the organic amendments increased soil pH and reduced exchangeable acidity, exchangeable aluminium, and exchangeable iron. The findings suggest that the organic amendments altered soil chemical properties in a way that enhanced the availability of phosphorus in this study. The amendments effectively fixed aluminium and iron instead of phosphorus, thus rendering phosphorus available by keeping the inorganic phosphorus in a bioavailable labile phosphorus pool for a longer period compared with application of Triple Superphosphate without organic amendments.

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17

Geerligs, Paul Prinsen, Bernard Brabin, Albert Mkumbwa, Robin Broadhead, and Luis E. Cuevas. "Acceptability of the use of iron cooking pots to reduce anaemia in developing countries." Public Health Nutrition 5, no. 5 (October 2002): 619–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2002341.

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AbstractObjective:To evaluate acceptability, compliance and attitude towards the use of iron pots compared with aluminium pots, for cooking in a community that traditionaly did not use iron pots.Design:Randomised trial.Setting:Two rural Malawian villages.Subjects:Fifty-two households received iron pots and 61 aluminium pots.Results:Pot characteristics were assessed by a questionnaire after 3, 6, 11 and 20 weeks of use. Within households using iron pots there was a significant decrease in acceptability score with usage, from an initial value of 13.7 to 11.4 (range 1–20) (P = 0.01). Answers to questions concerning cooking characteristics showed that after 3 weeks' use the aluminium pot scored better, whereas after 20 weeks fewer answers differed between the iron and aluminium pot groups. Almost a third of the households planned to continue using iron pots daily after 20 weeks, although they had ready access to their former aluminium pot. The presence of a group of consistent pot users suggests that if households were convinced about daily use, then they were likely to maintain consistent use. Some householders considered that iron pots required less firewood for cooking than aluminium pots. The main problems related to lower acceptability were rusting and pot weight. About 25% of problems with iron pots were unrelated to their cast iron characteristics. Overall 23.4% of the households indicated they would buy an iron pot.Conclusions:The low acceptability of iron pots for cooking could limit their value as an intervention to control iron-deficiency anaemia. Design modifications and better instructions on pot use should improve acceptability. The study highlights the need to assess the acceptability of interventions in order to facilitate their adoption in traditional communities.

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18

Turmezey, T., Vilmos Stefániay, and A. Griger. "Microstructure of Iron Containing Aluminium Alloys." Key Engineering Materials 38-39 (January 1991): 43–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.38-39.43.

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19

Devan, J. H., and P. F. Tortorelli. "Oxidation/sulfidation of iron-aluminium alloys." Materials at High Temperatures 11, no. 1-4 (January 1993): 30–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09603409.1993.11689436.

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20

Menningen, M., R. Sielemann, G. Vogl, Y. Yoshida, K. Bonde-Nielsen, and G. Weyer. "Interstitial Implantation of Iron into Aluminium." Europhysics Letters (EPL) 3, no. 8 (April 15, 1987): 927–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/0295-5075/3/8/011.

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21

Fair, G. H., and J. V. Wood. "Mechanical Alloying of Iron–Aluminium Intermetallics." Powder Metallurgy 36, no. 2 (January 1993): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/pom.1993.36.2.123.

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22

Harrison, W. T. A., and A. K. Cheetham. "The structure of aluminium iron molybdate." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 45, no. 2 (February 1, 1989): 178–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270188010923.

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23

Reuther, H. "CEMS study on aluminium implanted iron." Hyperfine Interactions 56, no. 1-4 (July 1990): 1637–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02405486.

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24

Herbst-Dederichs, Christian, and Frank Münchow. "Cast iron and aluminium hybrid liners." MTZ worldwide 65, no. 10 (October 2004): 26–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03227705.

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25

Gjønnes, L., and A. Olsen. "Laser-modified aluminium surfaces with iron." Journal of Materials Science 29, no. 3 (February 1994): 728–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00445986.

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26

Parida, N., B. B. Pani, and B. Ravi Kumar. "Acoustic emission assisted compaction studies on iron, iron-aluminium and iron-cast iron powders." Scripta Materialia 37, no. 11 (December 1997): 1659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6462(97)00325-4.

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27

Polizzi, Salvatore, Mauro Ferrara, Massimiliano Bugiani, Domenico Barbero, and Tiziana Baccolo. "Aluminium and iron air pollution near an iron casting and aluminium foundry in Turin district (Italy)." Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 101, no. 9 (September 2007): 1339–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.06.012.

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28

Soiński, M. S., A. Jakubus, P. Kordas, and K. Skurka. "The Effect of Aluminium on Graphitization of Cast Iron Treated with Cerium Mixture." Archives of Foundry Engineering 14, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afe-2014-0044.

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Abstract The work determined the influence of aluminium in the amount from about 0.6% to about 8% on graphitization of cast iron with relatively high silicon content (3.4%-3.9%) and low manganese content (about 0.1%). The cast iron was spheroidized with cerium mixture and graphitized with ferrosilicon. It was found that the degree of graphitization increases with an increase in aluminium content in cast iron up to 2.8%, then decreases. Nodular and vermicular graphite precipitates were found after the applied treatment in cast iron containing aluminium in the amount from about 1.9% to about 8%. The Fe3AlCx carbides, increasing brittleness and deteriorating the machinability of cast iron, were not found in cast iron containing up to about 6.8% Al. These carbides were revealed only in cast iron containing about 8% Al.

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29

Ji, Shou Xun, Feng Gao, and Zhong Yun Fan. "Thermodynamics Calculation of Extra Mn Addition in the Recycling of Al-Si-Cu Aluminium Alloys." Materials Science Forum 877 (November 2016): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.877.33.

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Iron contamination from scrapped materials is always a problem in producing high quality secondary aluminium alloys. Consequently, the iron removal during recycling of aluminium alloys is essential and important in industrial practice. This work aims to study the effect of extra Mn addition on the effectiveness and efficiency of iron removal during recycling. The thermodynamics assessment was carried out for Al-Si-Cu alloys to find out the variation of balanced iron and manganese in the liquid melt and in the sediment solid Fe-rich intermetallics with different levels of extra Mn addition. The effect of alloy composition and processing temperatures was investigated. The findings help to understand the capability and fundamentals of iron removal in aluminium alloys.

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30

Sidhu, M. S., C. M. Bishop, and M. V. Kral. "Formation of aluminium carbide by cast iron and liquid aluminium interaction." International Journal of Cast Metals Research 27, no. 6 (March 20, 2014): 321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1743133614y.0000000110.

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31

Potter, H. A. B., and R. N. Yong. "Influence of iron/aluminium ratio on the retention of lead and copper by amorphous iron–aluminium oxides." Applied Clay Science 14, no. 1-3 (February 1999): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-1317(98)00045-3.

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32

Exley, Christopher, Godwin Mamutse, Olga Korchazhkina, Eleanor Pye, Stanislav Strekopytov, Anthony Polwart, and Clive Hawkins. "Elevated urinary excretion of aluminium and iron in multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 12, no. 5 (September 2006): 533–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458506071323.

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system of as yet unknown aetiology. A consensus of opinion has suggested that the disorder is the result of an interplay between environmental factors and susceptibility genes. We have used a battery of analytical techniques to determine if the urinary excretion of i) markers of oxidative damage; ii) iron and iii) the environmental toxin aluminium and its antagonist, silicon, are altered in relapsing remitting (RRMS) and secondary progressive MS (SPMS). Urinary concentrations of oxidative biomarkers, MDA and TBARS, were not found to be useful indicators of inflammatory disease in MS. However, urinary concentrations of another potential marker for inflammation and oxidative stress, iron, were significantly increased in SPMS ( P<0.01) and insignificantly increased in RRMS ( P>0.05). Urinary concentrations of aluminium were also significantly increased in RRMS ( P<0.001) and SPMS ( P<0.05) such that the levels of aluminium excretion in the former were similar to those observed in individuals undergoing metal chelation therapy. The excretion of silicon was lower in MS and significantly so in SPMS ( P<0.05). Increased excretion of iron in urine supported a role for iron dysmetabolism in MS. Levels of urinary aluminium excretion similar to those seen in aluminium intoxication suggested that aluminium may be a hitherto unrecognized environmental factor associated with the aetiology of MS. If aluminium is involved in MS then an increased dietary intake of its natural antagonist, silicon, might be a therapeutic option.

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33

Boyarintsev, A. V., M. M. Aung, K. Yi Aung, and S. I. Stepanov. "Aluminium leaching from red muds for their complexing reprocessing." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, no. 3 (December 17, 2018): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-3-317-322.

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Complexing processing of «red muds» (R.M.) - waste of bauxite reprocessing by the Bayer's method, is one of the important tasks of toxic industrial waste utilization. Studied the possibility of aluminum leaching from the R.M. which content reach 14 %, received from Bogoslovsky aluminum plant of JSC «Siberian-Urals Aluminium Company» by aqueous solutions of NaOH. The process was carried out at atmospheric pressure and temperatures near to the boiling point of leaching solutions with the utilization of the residual alkali. The time’s dependence of the aluminum leaching degree from the R.M. by aqueous solutions of NaOH passes through the maximum due to the formation of secondary precipitation of aluminum. The cause of secondary sedimentation is the interaction of silicon with aluminum with formation of insoluble aluminosilicates, for example, Nа2Аl2Si2O8·2Н2O. The conditions of leaching, under which the formation of stable aluminate solutions during the time do not form of secondary precipitations were established. The maximum achieved values of the aluminum leaching degree in autoclave-free conditions was reach 20-25 %. The removal of alkali and part of aluminum under the first stage of complexing processing of R.M. leads to their enrichment in iron. The cakes from aluminum leaching and next carbonate scandium leaching can be used for pyrometallurgical recovery of iron and slag, in which untreated elements are passed, including residual aluminum, scandium, sum of rare earth elements, titanium and zirconium. A significant decrease in the volume of slag opens more opportunities for further isolation their components by acidic methods.

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34

Beke, Dezső L., I. Gődény, G. Erdélyi, F. J. Kedves, and J. Félszerfalvi. "Isotope Effect for Iron Diffusion in Aluminium." Defect and Diffusion Forum 66-69 (January 1991): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.66-69.427.

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35

Meyer, M., L. Mendoza-Zélis, and Francisco H. Sánchez. "Mechano-Synthesis of Iron Containing Aluminium Alloys." Materials Science Forum 179-181 (February 1995): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.179-181.177.

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36

Ashtari, P., K. Tetley-Gerard, and K. Sadayappan. "Removal of iron from recycled aluminium alloys." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 51, no. 1 (January 2012): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1879139511y.0000000026.

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37

Lakner, J. "Non-Equilibrium Solubility of Iron in Aluminium." Key Engineering Materials 44-45 (January 1991): 135–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.44-45.135.

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38

MAYNE, J. E. O. "Inhibition of corrosion of iron and aluminium." British Corrosion Journal 31, no. 3 (January 1996): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/bcj.1996.31.3.233.

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39

METZGER, M., and M. LEVY. "INTERNAL FRICTION OF ALUMINIUM CRYSTALS CONTAINING IRON." Le Journal de Physique Colloques 46, no. C10 (December 1985): C10–261—C10–264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jphyscol:19851059.

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40

Reuther, H., O. Nikolov, S. Kruijer, R. A. Brand, and W. Keune. "High dose implantation of aluminium into iron." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 80-81 (June 1993): 348–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(93)96139-4.

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41

Gogia, A. K., P. V. Rao, and J. A. Sekhar. "Rapidly solidified aluminium-iron-misch metal alloys." Journal of Materials Science 20, no. 9 (September 1985): 3091–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00545173.

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42

Florence, Anne, and Robert R. Crichton. "Animal models for iron and aluminium overload." Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry 43, no. 2-3 (August 1991): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0162-0134(91)84468-o.

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43

Carrera, E. A., J. H. Ramírez-Ramírez, F. A. Pérez-González, J. A. González, I. Crespo, I. Braceras, I. Martínez-de-la-Pera, et al. "Molten aluminium attack on iron based alloys." International Journal of Cast Metals Research 30, no. 3 (February 7, 2017): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13640461.2017.1283878.

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44

Chobtham, Chirakit, and Somyote Kongkarat. "Synthesis of Hercynite from Aluminium Dross at 1550°C: Implication for Industrial Waste Recycling." Materials Science Forum 977 (February 2020): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.977.223.

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Aluminium dross is a waste from aluminium melting process, containing approximately 70 wt% of Al2O3. Disposal of dross in landfill causes soil and ground water pollutions, leading to the difficulty of waste management. This work aims to utilize aluminium dross as a source of Al2O3 for the synthesis of hercynite (FeAl2O4). Aluminium dross was heated at 1200°C for 1 hour in air and then compacted into a substrate using a hydraulic press. The substrate was brought into contact with two different types of iron chip at 1550°C in air for 6 hours. Pure iron chip and iron chips containing 0.8 wt% carbon were employed in this experiment in order to investigate the effect of carbon content in the iron chip on the formation of hercynite. The samples after reactions were characterized using XRD, SEM and EDS techniques. It was found that the final product is hercynite having a dark grey solid phase. The formation of hercynite was due to the interaction of Al2O3 in the dross with Fe and/or FeO in the system. FeO came from the oxidization of iron chip due to the excess of oxygen in the system. Carbon content in the iron was found to effect the formation of FeO in the system, which in turn effect the formation of hercynite. This research is one of the possible way to recycling aluminium dross instead of bury in a landfill.

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Antolín, Raquel, Gregorio Borge, Tomás Posada, Juan C. Raposo, Iker Seara, and Néstor Etxebarria. "Inductively Coupled Plasma Compared with Direct Current Arc Spectrometry for Analysis of Minor Elements in Aluminium Baths." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 87, no. 5 (December 1, 2004): 1218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/87.5.1218.

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Abstract A validation study was carried out in order to evaluate the efficiency of inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) for the analysis of minor elements (manganese, chromium, copper, iron, and titanium) in aluminium alloys. Aluminium casting samples were obtained by adding compressed powder compacts of each alloying element and aluminium (minitablets) to aluminum baths in a laboratory crucible furnace. Digestion of solid samples was performed using concentrated HCl and H2O2 35% (v/v) previous to analysis by ICP-OES without any matrix separation. This solution-based method was validated considering direct current arc spectrometry as the reference method based on direct analysis without any pretreatment of the solid samples considered. Univariate statistical procedures were carried out, for which precision <3% and trueness of the analytical results were taken into account.

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Marshall, Graeme J., and R. A. Ricks. "Role of Iron during Recovery and Recrystallization of Aluminium-Iron Alloys." Materials Science Forum 113-115 (January 1993): 245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.113-115.245.

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47

Herrmann, J., G. Inden, and G. Sauthoff. "Deformation behaviour of iron-rich iron-aluminium alloys at high temperatures." Acta Materialia 51, no. 11 (June 2003): 3233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6454(03)00144-7.

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Denkena, Berend, Hans Kurt Tönshoff, and David Boehnke. "An Assessment of the Machinability of Iron-Rich Iron-Aluminium Alloys." steel research international 76, no. 2-3 (February 2005): 261–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/srin.200506007.

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Gupta, H. C. L., Iqbal Hussain, Devesh Gupta, and Moj Pal Singh. "Yield and Chemical qualities of Khoa as influenced by type of container used during preparation." International Journal of Agricultural Invention 3, no. 01 (June 22, 2018): 98–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.46492/ijai/2018.3.1.20.

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The experiment was conducted to study the suitability of different type of containers used in khoa making. Khoa was prepared by standardized buffalo milk at temperature of 900C in three types of containers likes as stainless steel (S.S.), aluminum and iron. It can be concluded that for getting a good qualities of product, khoa should be prepared in stainless steel and aluminium.

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Jabłoński, M., T. Knych, A. Mamala, B. Smyrak, and K. Wojtaszek. "Influence of Fe and Si Addition on the Properties and Structure Conductivity Aluminium." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 62, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 1541–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2017-0237.

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AbstractThe effect of iron and silicon addition on the structure and properties of aluminium wire rod obtained in the laboratory horizontal direct chill casting process has been analysed. In addition, the impact of laboratory wire drawing process has been examined. The addition of iron and velocity of casting increase the strength of aluminium wire rod in as-cast condition while the electrical conductivity drop acceptable. Moreover, the laboratory wire drawing process causes work-hardening wires and increase drawing tension as a result of fragmentation of structure and growth of grain boundaries. It has been shown that iron is beneficial for mechanical and technological properties of aluminium.

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