Journal articles: 'Alumina wheel'

1

Matsuo, T., and K. Nakasako. "Selection of Grinding Wheels for the Snagging of Steels and Cast Iron." Journal of Engineering for Industry 109, no. 2 (May 1, 1987): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3187110.

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The selection of proper grinding wheels in snagging is an important problem with relation to the automation of this grinding process. In this study, a snagging test under constant load has been made on SUJ 2 bearing steel, 304 stainless steel, and FCD 45 cast iron, using a specially made grinding machine of 40KW. The grinding wheels used were regular alumina, sintered white alumina, 25 percent zirconia-alumina, and silicon carbide resinoid wheels, where wheel diameter is 455 mm. Wheel speed was 67 m/s and work’s traverse speed was 60 mm/s. A 1.0 m long plate workpiece of constant width was used to keep pressure constant during grinding. This experiment allowed the metal removal rate, the wheel wear rate, G-ratio and grinding force to be determined. Thus the effect of wheel type and wheel grade on grinding performance was evident and the selection of the proper wheel has been discussed.

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Jiang, Xiaoyang, Ke Liu, Mingda Si, Maojun Li, and Pan Gong. "Grinding Force and Surface Formation Mechanisms of 17CrNi2MoVNb Alloy When Grinding with CBN and Alumina Wheels." Materials 16, no. 4 (February 19, 2023): 1720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16041720.

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The 17CrNi2MoVNb alloy is widely used for manufacturing heavy-duty gears in vehicles’ transmission systems, where grinding is a significant process affecting gears’ working performance and service life. This work comprehensively analyzed the grinding force, surface morphology, and surface roughness when grinding 17CrNi2MoVNb alloy using alumina and CBN grinding wheels. Results showed that the maximum normal grinding force from the CBN wheel was only ~67% of the one from the alumina wheel. Due to the small size and limited cutting depth of CBN grains, the grinding force increased by about 20% when the grinding depth increased from 0.02 to 0.03 mm for CBN grinding wheels. Surface defects, including cavities and material tearing, were mainly found on the ground surface when using an alumina grinding wheel. The surface roughness Ra recorded from the CBN grinding wheel mainly ranged from 0.263 to 0.410 μm, accounting for less than 40% of the one from the alumina grinding wheel. The information from this work could provide benchmark data and references for optimizing grinding tools and parameters when manufacturing gears in the vehicle industry.

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Chen, Mei, Feng Zhang, Jian Yun Shen, Hua Guo, and Xi Peng Xu. "Slot Grinding of Advanced Ceramics with Brazed Diamond Cut-Off Wheels." Solid State Phenomena 175 (June 2011): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.175.52.

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Based on the analysis of problems of diamond cut-off wheels used in slot grinding of ceramics at present, a brazed diamond cut-off wheel was produced and analyzed. Two typical advanced ceramics, alumina and silicon nitride, were used as the workpiece materials. In the experiments of slot grinding of ceramics, grinding ratio, wear process of the wheel and grinding quality of the work were studied. Experimental results showed that the brazed diamond cut-off wheel obtained good grinding ratio and abrasive resistance. The surface roughness of ground silicon nitride was better than that of alumina.

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Zhao, Zheng Cai, Jiu Hua Xu, Yu Can Fu, and Zhi Wei Zhang. "Creep Feed Grinding of Ni-Based Superalloy with Micro-Crystalline Ceramic Alumina Wheels." Advanced Materials Research 797 (September 2013): 511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.797.511.

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This article studies the performance of ceramic grinding wheel made of micro-crystalline alumina in the creep feed grinding of nickel-based superalloy Inconel 718. The effects of abrasives and specific pore volume on the performance of wheels are experimentally discussed. Grinding force and temperature were measured and analyzed during grinding tests. The surface roughness was used to describe the quality of ground surfaces. The results indicate that the micro-crystalline alumina SG abrasive wheel with large specific volume has good grinding properties when grinding Inconel 718 in comparison of the wheels with PA abrasives or SG abrasives of small specific pore volume.

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Li, Zheng, Wen-Feng Ding, Chang-Yu Ma, and Jiu-Hua Xu. "Grinding temperature and wheel wear of porous metal-bonded cubic boron nitride superabrasive wheels in high-efficiency deep grinding." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 231, no. 11 (December 3, 2015): 1961–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405415617928.

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High-efficiency deep grinding experiments of Inconel 718 nickel-based superalloy was carried out with the porous metal-bonded cubic boron nitride superabrasive wheel, in which the uniform and large pores were formed by the broken alumina bubble particles in the working layer after wheel dressing. Grinding temperature, energy partitioning into workpiece, and wheel wear were investigated. Results obtained show that long maintenance of low grinding temperature, that is, 50 °C–170 °C, is obtained in high-efficiency deep grinding with the porous metal-bonded cubic boron nitride wheel. The energy partitioning into the ground workpiece is ranged from 2% to 6%, which is smaller than that with the conventional vitrified cubic boron nitride wheels and alumina abrasive wheels. Sufficient storage space for chips and coolants contributes to the excellent performance of the porous metal-bonded cubic boron nitride wheel in high-efficiency deep grinding. Abrasion wear and grain fracture are the dominant wear patterns of the porous cubic boron nitride wheel in the steady wear stage, while chips loading and grain pullout play a critical role in the final dramatic wear behavior of the porous wheel.

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Mindek, R. B., and T. D. Howes. "Slot and Vertical Face Grinding of Aerospace Components." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 118, no. 3 (July 1, 1996): 620–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816693.

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Workpiece profile accuracy, wheel wear, and thermal damage were investigated for the grinding of slots and vertical faces on MAR-M-247, Inconel 713C, and M-2 tool steel using both alumina and cubic boron nitride (CBN) grinding wheels. It was found when grinding with alumina wheels that the wheel corner and first 2.5 mm of the grinding wheel sidewall account for all the grinding forces in the vertical, horizontal, and transverse directions, and therefore is responsible for all the significant grinding done on the sideface of the workpiece. Since previous work links wheel wear and workpiece thermal damage during grinding to grinding forces, this finding suggests that the area around the wheel corner is the critical region of importance in grinding these types of profiles in terms of wheel wear and the heat input to the workpiece. These, in turn, are linked to workpiece profile accuracy and metallurgical damage. Results also show that striation marks inherent in sidewall grinding can be minimized by controlling the maximum normal infeed rate of the wheel. A method for minimizing the heat input into the workpiece by minimizing grinding force during vertical face grinding is also reported.

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Chen, Zhen Zhen, Jiu Hua Xu, Wen Feng Ding, and Chang Yu Ma. "Grinding Characteristics of Porous Composite-Bonded CBN Wheels." Advanced Materials Research 797 (September 2013): 516–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.797.516.

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Based on the orderly distribution alumina bubbles in working layer the porous composite-bonded CBN wheels were fabricated and grinding experiments of nickel-based alloy were carried out in comparison of the vitrified counterpart. Results show that the grinding force decreases and increases respectively with the increasing wheel velocity and depth of cut. The specific grinding energy reduces graduately from 465 to 93 J/mm3when the maximun underformed chip thickness increases from 0.4 to 1.7 μm. Compared to the vitrified CBN wheel, the grinding forces, temperatures and specific grinding energy of the porous composite-bonded CBN wheel are always lower than that of the vitrified one. Its attributed to the graphite lubricating and alumina bubbles pore-forming effects. The larger chip storage space, sharper grit edge and less adhesion on the wheel surface surpport the advantages of the porous CBN wheel.

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Morgan, M. N., W. B. Rowe, S. C. E. Black, and D. R. Allanson. "Effective thermal properties of grinding wheels and grains." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 212, no. 8 (August 1, 1998): 661–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954405981515923.

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The thermal properties of the grinding wheel are required for energy partitioning in grinding. This paper describes an investigation of the effective thermal properties of alumina and cubic boron nitride (CBN) grinding wheels. Results are presented for a novel sensor that was designed to measure the bulk thermal properties of grinding wheel samples. The effective bulk thermal properties of the grinding wheel and the effective thermal properties of the abrasive grains were also investigated. It was found that the bulk thermal property is dominated by the properties of the bond and does not account for the improved thermal performance of CBN compared with alumina. Values of the effective thermal conductivities for alumina and CBN abrasive grains are therefore proposed. It is concluded that the effective thermal conductivity of the grains is best obtained inversely from grinding experiments.

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Godino, Leire, Iñigo Pombo, Jose Sanchez, and Borja Izquierdo. "An Original Tribometer to Analyze the Behavior of Abrasive Grains in the Grinding Process." Metals 8, no. 7 (July 20, 2018): 557. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met8070557.

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Manufacturing of grinding wheels is continuously adapting to new industrial requirements. New abrasives and new wheel configurations, together with wheel wear control allow for grinding process optimization. However, the wear behavior of the new abrasive materials is not usually studied from a scientific point of view due to the difficulty to control and monitor all the variables affecting the tribochemical wear mechanisms. In this work, an original design of pin-on-disk tribometer is developed in a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) grinding machine. An Alumina grinding wheel with special characteristics is employed and two types of abrasive are compared: White Fused Alumina (WFA) and Sol-Gel Alumina (SG). The implemented tribometer reaches sliding speeds of between 20 and 30 m/s and real contact pressures up to 190 MPa. The results show that the wear behavior of the abrasive grains is strongly influenced by their crystallographic structure and the tribometer appears to be a very good tool for characterizing the wear mechanisms of grinding wheels, depending on the abrasive grains.

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Zhang, Fei Hu, Kai Wang, Peng Qiang Fu, and Meng Nan Wu. "Research on Grinding of Silicon Particles Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites with High Volume Fraction." Advanced Materials Research 1017 (September 2014): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1017.98.

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With silicon particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites with high volume fraction becoming a new hotspot on research and application in the aerospace materials and electronic packaging materials, the machinability of this material needs to be explored. This paper reports research results obtained from the surface grinding experiment of silicon particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites using black silicon carbide wheel, green silicon carbide wheel, white fused alumina wheel and chromium alumina wheel. The issues discussed are grinding force, surface roughness, the comparison of different grinding wheels, the micro-morphology of the work piece. The results showed that the grinding force was related with the grinding depth and the grinding wheel material, the grinding force was increasing as the grinding depth growing. The surface roughness was between 0.29μm and 0.48μm using the silicon carbide wheel. The surface of the work piece had concaves caused by silicon particles shedding and grooves caused by the grains observed by the SEM and CLSM.

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Bednarikova, Vendula, David Jech, Lenka Klakurková, Ladislav Čelko, and Daniel Holemý. "Structure and Properties of Bakelite Bonded Grinding Wheels." Defect and Diffusion Forum 405 (November 2020): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.405.139.

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The composition of each grinding wheel depends on the specific application, and nowadays, there are many types of grinding wheels on the market. Bakelite bonded grinding wheels are fast becoming the standard choice for grinding and finishing processes in automotive, aerospace and other special fields of industry. Increasing requirements on higher quality and lifetime push manufacture to continuous research and development in this field. From that reason, it is necessary to characterize the structure and properties of already produced commercial grinding tools. In this contribution, two in chemical composition identical bakelite bonded grinding wheels with different properties were studied. Processing parameter like compression force is the main factor resulting in either hard grinding wheel for machining soft materials or soft grinding wheel for machining hard materials. The main components of both grinding wheels are abrasive particles of brown alumina (Al2O3) and two bonding agents based on synthetic rubber and bakelite. In addition, grinding wheels contain additives, e.g. vulcanization accelerators, fillers etc. to improve functional properties of grinding wheel. Fractures and metallographic samples morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy. Porosity of grinding wheels was estimated using image analysis. Hardness of binder and abrasive brown alumina particles was measured by Rockwell hardness test.

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Pavloušková, Zina, David Jech, Pavel Komarov, Ivana Ročňáková, Lucie Dyčková, Michaela Remešová, Ladislav Čelko, and Daniel Holemý. "Characterization of High-Speed Alumina Abrasive Grinding Wheel." Defect and Diffusion Forum 405 (November 2020): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.405.365.

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The high-speed grinding wheel can be defined as a self-sharpening composite structural tool composed from abrasive grains held in a specific binder. The main properties of grinding wheels depend on the type of abrasive elements, grit size, grade, binder and the resulting structure, which is influenced by several crucial technological processing steps. Preparation of an initial mixture of abrasive particles together with permanent binder’s mixture and temporary binder followed by pressing and high-temperature sintering is the essential technological step in the manufacturing of high-quality grinding wheels. High demands placed on functionality and quality together with constantly increasing effort to improve existing properties of grinding tools require detailed characterization of all input raw materials. For further research and development is crucial know, how each technological step can influence the final quality of the product. This contribution is focused on the characterization of four alumina abrasives with different grit size and two in chemical composition different binder mixtures which were used for the production of two different high-speed grinding wheels. Initial abrasive grains, binders and metallographic samples of high-speed grinding wheels were evaluated by means of scanning electron microscopy. The porosity of grinding wheels with different binding agents was also determined ustilizing digital image analysis technique.

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You, Fangyi, Wang Zhou, Xuan Wang, and Qiulian Dai. "Systematic Monitoring and Evaluating the Wear of Alumina Wheel When Grinding the Workpiece of Cr12." Complexity 2021 (January 16, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6665043.

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The performance of the grinding wheel demonstrably affects the machining efficiency and the quality of the workpiece. Therefore, it is essential to evaluate the wear of the wheel and then operate the dressing or replacement in time. The wear procession of the wheel was monitored and evaluated systematically in this paper. A surface grinding experiment was performed by using an alumina wheel to grind the workpiece made of Cr12. The grinding force and the grinding temperature were monitored and measured while the wheel grinds the workpiece. The surface topography of the wheel was also being observed. The distribution of the gray value of pixels in the image of the wheel surface was analyzed by the method of the histogram. Processing of the binary image of the wheel was performed after determining the gray threshold of the gray value. Then, the blockading and the wearing area on the grinding wheel were calculated. Moreover, the relation of the projection area of a single abrasive derived from theory and derived by image recognition was studied. The results of the grinding experiment show that wheel performance degradation occurs when the material removal volume reaches 210 mm3/mm. At this time, the ratio of blockage area on the grinding wheel reaches 13.4%. The percentage of the wearing area is 9.5%. The method of image recognition combined with grinding temperature is workable to realize monitoring and evaluating the wear of wheels on site without unloading them.

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Chen, Z. Z., Wen Feng Ding, Jiu Hua Xu, C. J. Song, Y. C. Fu, and C. Y. Yang. "Porous Composite-Bonded CBN Grinding Wheel with Alumina Bubbles." Advanced Materials Research 565 (September 2012): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.565.46.

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Fabrication experiments of porous composite-bonded CBN wheels were conducted using alumina (Al2O3) bubbles, CBN grains, Cu-Sn-Ti alloy and graphite particles. Influence of sintering parameters and porosity on the bending strength of the CBN composite blocks was measured and analyzed. Dressing and grinding practice was carried out. The results show that the optimal sintering temperature of the CBN composite blocks is 880°C. When the porosity of composite blocks is 8-45 %, the strength reaches 51-103 MPa. Regular shape of the pores is obtained after dressing. Both the grinding force and grinding temperature of the composite-bonded CBN wheel are lower than that of the vitrified one under the same grinding condition, which indicates the better grinding performance of the new-type porous composite-bonded CBN wheel.

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Dong, Zhi Gang, Xi Wen Zhao, Xiang Long Zhu, Ren Ke Kang, and Bing Jun Hao. "Experimental Investigation on Grinding Performance of Microcrystalline Alumina Abrasive Grinding Wheel for Superalloys." Advanced Materials Research 797 (September 2013): 597–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.797.597.

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Superalloys are widely used in the aeronautic and astronautic industries owing to their excellent properties in aspects of high-temperature strength, heat stability and thermal fatigue resistance. However, the severe loading of grinding wheel and the poor integrity of grinding surface usually become the problem in grinding of superalloys with conventional grinding wheels. In this paper an experimental study was carried out to investigate the grinding characteristics of superalloys with microcrystalline alumina abrasive wheel. The roughness of grinding surface was tested, on which the effects of the grinding parameters were analyzed. Study results indicated that low loading of grinding wheel and high quality of grinding surface (Ra 0.2 μm) were obtained. The grinding parameters were optimized based on the experiment results.

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Zhang, Xiao Feng, Bin Lin, and Fang Yang Zhang. "Precision Grinding of Concave Spherical Surface of High-Alumina." Key Engineering Materials 368-372 (February 2008): 726–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.368-372.726.

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The performances of high-alumina ceramic are analyzed such as physical and mechanical property. In consideration of its brittleness-ductility change, the critical cutting depth agc of high-alumina ceramic is 3μm. When the cutting depth of single grain is less than the critical cutting depth of alumina ceramic in precision manufacturing, the material is wiped off with ductility. So the cutting depth of single grain agm should be selected within 0.1~2.5μm.Grinding wheel sharp edge is utilized for the spherical surface generation cutting. The ceramic-bonded fine grain diamond wheel is selected after considering manufacturing technology, machining parameters, its making and mending. The granularity of grinding wheel is M1~M5 and the consistence is 125%. The method of spherical surface generation cutting and the effect of high-alumina ceramic ductile machining were verified by the experiment of high-alumina ceramic precision grinding using precision grinding machine MGK1420. The result shows that the surface quality is very high and achieves the requirements.

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Pan, Q., Wen Feng Ding, Jiu Hua Xu, B. Zhang, H. H. Su, and Y. C. Fu. "Fabrication of Composite Blocks Containing Alumina Bubble Particles for Porous CBN Abrasive Wheels." Key Engineering Materials 499 (January 2012): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.499.229.

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Alumina (Al2O3) bubble particles were added into the mixture of CBN abrasive grains, Cu-Sn-Ti alloy and graphite particles to prepare the composite blocks for porous CBN abrasive wheels. The specimens were sintered at the temperature of 920°C for the dwell time of 30 min. The bending strength of the composite blocks was measured by the three-point bending tests. The fracture surface of the blocks was characterized. The results show that, the content of alumina bubble particles does not take significant effect on the mechanical strength of the composite blocks. Even the lowest strength of the composite blocks, 98 MPa, is higher than that of the vitrified CBN abra-sive wheels. Cu-Sn-Ti alloy has bonded firmly alumina particles and CBN grains by means of the chemical reaction and corresponding products. Finally, the chip space was formed through the re-moval of the ceramic wall of the alumina bubble particles within the CBN abrasive wheel during dressing.

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Luangvaranunt, Tachai, Natthawat Tangkaratanakul, and Patchanok Sakultantimetha. "Wear of Diamond Grinding Wheel during Low Speed Dressing by Alumina." Key Engineering Materials 658 (July 2015): 120–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.658.120.

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Diamond grinding wheel is used in high precision grinding process, when work piece has a very high hardness. For a specific grinding interval, the wheel must be properly dressed, in order to remove swarf, sharpen the worn diamond grits, open up new diamond protrusions, and recondition the bond material. Dressing of diamond grinding wheel by alumina dressing tool has been simulated in a pin-on-disk machine in the research. Sharpening of the wheel is indicated by the increase of its roughness value, and surface microstructure with protruding sharp diamond grits. It was found that increasing of sliding distant from 100 to 500 m will increase the roughness of the wheel. The increase of contact load from 10 to 20 N will also increase roughness of the wheel, and the severity of wheel wear, indicated by high values of friction coefficient. A proper dressing of this nickel bonded SD1200 diamond wheel is by sliding against alumina dressing tool for at least 300 m under 10 N load. Sliding velocity has minimal effect to the results. A too large sliding distant and load will cause severe damage to wheel surface, and severe wheel wear, indicated by its large mass loss.

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da Silva, E. J., E. C. Bianchi, J. F. G. de Oliveira, and P. R. de Aguiar. "Evaluation of grinding fluids in the grinding of a martensitic valve steel with CBN and alumina abrasives." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 217, no. 8 (August 1, 2003): 1047–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095440540321700802.

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In this paper the performances of different cutting fluids and grinding wheel types were analysed in the grinding of SAE HVN-3 workpieces. The resulting residual stress, wheel wear and roughness were evaluated. The influence of the cutting fluid jet velocity vj was also analysed. As a conclusion, the lubrication ability seems to be the governing factor in the cutting fluid performance. The use of CBN wheels can significantly reduce the thermal damage in grinding, leading to compressive residual stresses. The CBN wheel and the cutting oil give an optimum combination for performing this grinding operation.

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Younis, M. A., and H. Alawi. "Effects of Impregnation of Grinding Wheel on Grinding Hardened Tool Steel." Transactions of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering 9, no. 1 (March 1985): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/tcsme-1985-0006.

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The high hardness and chemical effects of tool steels M2 and T15 cause a rapid grinding wheel wear and micro structural changes in the ground surface. The performance of sulphur-, wax-, and varnish-impregnated grinding wheels in grinding hardened tool steels M2 and T15 is investigated and compared with the performance of conventional alumina wheels. Impregnation with sulphur had in all cases beneficial effects by decreasing the grinding forces, increasing the maximum metal removal rate, improving surface integrity, and increasing considerably the grinding ratio. It also gave cost saving compared to the plain grinding wheel. The improvement was a result of the sulphur being more efficiently supplied into the chip formation process as compared to using grinding coolant only.

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Zahedi, Ali, Bahman Azarhoushang, and Javad Akbari. "Optimization and Application of Laser-Dressed cBN Grinding Wheels." Advanced Materials Research 1136 (January 2016): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1136.90.

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Laser-dressing has been shown to be a promising method for overcoming some shortcomings of the conventional methods such as high wear of the dressing tool and its environmental concerns, high induced damage to the grinding wheel, low form flexibility and low speed. In this study, a resin bonded cBN grinding wheel has been dressed with a picosecond Yb:YAG laser. The efficiency of the laser-dressed grinding wheels has been compared with the conventionally dressed and sharpened grinding wheels through execution of cylindrical grinding tests on a steel workpiece (100Cr6). The conventional dressing and sharpening processes have been performed by using a vitrified SiC wheel and vitrified alumina blocks, respectively. By recording the spindle power values along with the surface topography measurements of the ground workpieces and the extraction of two roughness parameters (the average roughness Ra and the average roughness depth Rz), it is possible to provide an assessment of the cylindrical grinding process with different dressing conditions i.e. laser-dressing and conventional dressing. Accordingly, a strategy will be proposed to optimize the cylindrical grinding process with laser-dressed wheels regarding the forces and roughness values.

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Fujimoto, Masakazu, and Keisuke Shimizu. "Microscopic Wear Characteristics of Ceramic Grinding Wheel in Creep Feed Grinding." International Journal of Automation Technology 16, no. 1 (January 5, 2022): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2022.p0005.

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This paper deals with the microscopic wear characteristics of ceramic (Seeded Gel, SG) grinding wheels used in creep feed grinding. Creep feed grinding experiments with SG grinding wheels were carried out compared to rose-pink alumina (RA) grinding wheels. To clear the wear characteristics of the wheel working surface in creep feed grinding, changes in the shapes of grain cutting edges were observed by a field emission-scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). This is a self-sharpening phenomenon based on micro fractures generated on the top of SG grain cutting edges. On the other hand, large fracture and attritious wear effected RA grain cutting edges. In addition, the features of any grain cutting edges were evaluated using attritious wear flat percentage. Changes in attritious wear flat percentage of SG grits maintained constant value and were stable. From these results, the influence of wear mode of the grinding wheel on grinding characteristics parameter, such as grinding force and workpiece surface roughness, is understood.

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Zhang, Hong Xia, Wu Yi Chen, Xiu Zhuo Fu, and Li Xia Huang. "Grinding Characteristics and Mechanism of Ceramic Alumina Wheels on Aeronautical Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 591-593 (November 2012): 373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.591-593.373.

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The present investigation was dedicated to elucidate grinding characteristics during surface grinding of titanium alloy(TC6) and high temperature alloy (GH2132) by using silicon carbide(SiC) and sol-gel (SG) wheel respectively. The grinding characteristic of SG wheel on aeronautical alloys was studied on the base of systematical measurement of the grinding force, grinding temperature, surface roughness and grinding ratio. The results indicated that the SG grinding wheel possesses excellent grinding properties and is more suitable for grinding these aeronautical alloys compared with conventional abrasive tools. Finally, the grinding mechanism of new-typed SG wheel was unveiled on the base of the microcrystalline structure analysis of SG grains.

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Gu, Shen Shen, Chang Yong Yang, Yu Can Fu, Wen Feng Ding, and Da Shun Huang. "Grinding Force and Specific Energy in Plunge Grinding of 20CrMnTi with Monolayer Brazed CBN Wheel." Materials Science Forum 770 (October 2013): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.770.34.

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In this paper, plunge grinding experiment was conducted on 20CrMnTi with monolayer brazed cubic boron nitride (CBN) wheel. Surface integrity was evaluated through morphology observing and roughness testing. It is found that surface roughness Ra is lower than 0.8μm. Grinding forces were measured and the effects of process parameters (i.e. workpiece speed and depth of cut) on grinding forces were studied. The changing regulation of specific grinding energy with the increase of equivalent chip thickness was revealed. The result shows that both grinding force and specific energy are lower comparing with white fused alumina (WA) wheels. In general, monolayer brazed CBN wheels perform better in grinding of 20CrMnTi than WA wheels.

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Nadolny, Krzysztof, and Witold Habrat. "Potential for improving efficiency of the internal cylindrical grinding process by modification of the grinding wheel structure—Part I: Grinding wheels made of conventional abrasive grains." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 231, no. 4 (March 16, 2016): 621–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954408916637100.

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This article offers an overview of 14 grinding wheel construction modifications used in the peripheral grinding of flat-shaped internal and external cylindrical surfaces, when grinding wheels made of conventional abrasive grains are used (Al2O3, sol-gel alumina, SiC, etc.). The text contains characteristics of grinding wheels with mixed grains, glass-crystalline bond, a centrifugal provision of the coolant into the grinding zone, aggregate grains, zones of different diameters, radial rough grinding zone, extended finish grinding segments, active surface macro- and micro-discontinuities, as well as multiporous, impregnated (self-lubricating), sandwich, sectional and segment grinding wheels. Each of the presented structural modifications was described by giving construction scheme, used abrasive grains, range of applications, advantages as well as disadvantages. Modifications of the grinding wheel construction allow for effective improvement of both the conditions and the results of the grinding process. A wide range of the known modifications allows for their proper selection depending on the required criteria of effective evaluation and taking into account the specific characteristics of conventional abrasive grains. As a result, it is possible to obtain positive influence on a number of technological factors of the grinding process. The described modifications of the grinding wheel structure can be also an inspiration and the basis for creating new solutions in this field.

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Sridhar, Praveen, Daniel Mannherz, and Kristin M. de Payrebrune. "Modelling and Analysis of Topographic Surface Properties of Grinding Wheels." Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 5, no. 4 (November 10, 2021): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5040121.

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Grinding is one of the effective manufacturing processes with which to produce highly accurate parts with an ultra-fine surface finish. The tool used to remove materials in grinding is called the grinding wheel. Abrasive grains made of extremely hard materials (alumina, silica, cubic boron nitride, and diamond) having a definite grit size but a random shape are bonded on the circumferential surface of the grinding wheel. The fabrication process is controlled so that the wheel exhibits a prescribed structure (in the scale of soft to hard). At the same time, the distribution of grains must follow a prescribed grade (in the scale of dense to open). After the fabrication, the wheel is dressed to make sure of its material removal effectiveness, which itself depends on the surface topography. The topography is quantified by the distribution and density of active abrasive grains located on the circumferential surface, the grains’ protrusion heights, and their pore volume ratio. The prediction of the surface topography mentioned above requires a model that considers the entire manufacturing process and the influences on the grinding wheel properties. This study fills this gap in modelling the grinding wheel by presenting a surface topography model and simulation framework for the effect of the grinding wheel fabrication process on the surface topography. The simulation results have been verified by conducting experiments. This study will thus help grinding wheel manufacturers in developing more effective grinding wheels.

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Alliche, Abdenour, and Eric Le Bourhis. "Controlled crack propagation in alumina ceramic grinding wheel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 278, no. 1-2 (February 2000): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(99)00571-7.

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Staniewicz-Brudnik, Barbara, Paweł Figiel, Grzegorz Skrabalak, and Małgorzata Karolus. "Supporting Body Material for Ceramic Diamond Grinding Tools." Journal of Applied Materials Engineering 60, no. 2 (October 28, 2020): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.35995/jame60020004.

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The characteristics of abrasive tools (the type of grinding wheel, granulation of the super hard grain, type of structure, hardness, and the type of binder) contain information on the type of supporting body materials used (e.g., dural, ceramic, steel). In this work, diamond wheels were obtained on ceramic supporting bodies, containing a sintered mixture of white alumina 99A granulation F320, green silicon carbide 99A granulation F320, and binder Ba23 bis, together with modifiers. The mechanical properties (hardness, bending strength) of ceramic supporting bodies were tested. The structure of the phase boundary of the ceramic supporting body–abrasive grinding tool was analyzed on a BEC (backscattered electron composition) image by using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). It was found that the hardness of the supporting body was slightly lower (70–75 HRB) than the diamond wheels (76–81 HRB). The bending strength of the supporting bodies was high (85 ±2 MPa). The BEC image from the scanning microscope did not show a sharp transition between the ceramic supporting body and the grinding wheel. Preliminary operational tests showed significant improvement in grinding wheel efficiency in comparison to diamond tools with the same ceramic binder on a duralumin supporting body during machining of G30 sintered carbide bush.

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29

Yan, Lan, Zhi Xiong Zhou, Feng Jiang, and Yi Ming Rong. "The Application of Three-Dimensional Surface Parameters to Characterizing Grinding Wheel Topography." Advanced Materials Research 126-128 (August 2010): 603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.126-128.603.

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White light interferometer was employed to measure the surface topography of 60# and 120# alumina grinding wheel. The correlation of wheel topography and its performance was characterized through the three-dimensional (3D) surface characterization parameters of “Birmingham set”. Birmingham parameters were used to characterize the performances of grinding wheel, in items of grain density, grain shape and grain sharpness. The effects of sampling interval on the 3D surface parameters were analyzed and the optimal sampling interval was selected to calculate the 3D surface parameters.

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30

Thompson, R. A. "On the Doubly Regenerative Stability of a Grinder: The Mathematical Analysis of Chatter Growth." Journal of Engineering for Industry 108, no. 2 (May 1, 1986): 83–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3187055.

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The growth of doubly regenerative chatter in a typical plunge cylindrical grinder is analyzed. The work is based on the mathematical method developed in reference [1]. Throughout, the physics of double regeneration is explained: (a) the individual contribution to chatter of wheel and workpiece regeneration is illustrated; (b) the wear resistant Borazon* wheel, although slightly more chatter prone, is shown to have an advantage over alumina because it requires less frequent dressing; and (c) the best in-process measure of grinding stability is shown to be wheel and workpiece lobe precession. The paper is concluded by showing how the optimum wheel and workpiece speeds are chosen. Under optimum conditions part tolerance and machine noise limit the maximum allowable grinding time and wheel wear establishes the dressing schedule.

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31

Ramakrishnan, R., J. Kliman, and J. A. Donovan. "Temperature of the Rubber Wheel during Wear Testing on a Lambourn Abrader." Rubber Chemistry and Technology 69, no. 1 (March 1, 1996): 62–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5254/1.3538358.

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Abstract Contact of a slipping rubber wheel with the grinding wheel during wear testing on a Lambourn abrader cools the rubber wheel in the contact zone because: (a) the relatively high thermal conductivity of the grindstone conducts the heat into the grindstone; and (b) there is little or no sliding, and therefore no heat generated by sliding. The temperature increase, measured on the rubber wheel outside the contact zone, results from compression and adhesional or tangential deformation hysteresis, and is not from sliding friction. Therefore, the temperature in the wear zone is only 5–10°C above the ambient, and does not simulate the temperature developed in a tire during use. These conclusions are based on real time infrared thermometry of a carbon black filled rubber wheel rotating against an alumina grindstone, a steel wheel and a HDPE wheel at slips ranging from 0 to 13.5% and speeds from 65 to 400 rpm.

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32

Xie, G. Z., Xiao Min Sheng, Tan Jin, Zhen Tao Shang, and Y. Wu. "The Grinding Temperature of Alumina Ceramic in High Speed Deep Grinding (HSDG)." Key Engineering Materials 487 (July 2011): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.487.75.

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The grinding temperature in wheel-workpiece contact zone in HSDG of alumina ceramic was measured using the grindable K type thermocouple. Effects of the grinding conditions, including wheel velocity, feed rate and depth of cut, on the temperature were investigated. The results indicate that the grinding temperatures measured under different grinding conditions varied from 100 to 300 °C. The grinding zone temperature exhibits a reasonably linear relationship with the average energy flux, i.e. the higher the energy flux, the higher the corresponding grinding zone temperature will be.

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33

Kang, Dong Soo, Kee Do Woo, Dong Gun Kim, Sang Mi Kim, Dae Young Kim, Whang Jin Kang, and Eun Jeong Jo. "Heat Resistant Turbine Wheel Development of Automobile." Advanced Materials Research 658 (January 2013): 372–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.658.372.

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Turbochargers of automobilehave been widely used in commercial vehicles by diesel engine. Nowadays, turbochargeris being tried to use passenger car by gasoline engine such as deluxe and compact car. Therefore, fabrication method and conditions of turbine wheel which is core parts ofautomobile turbochargers,arereviewed by Lost wax method. To fabrication of turbine wheel using Inconel 713C alloy, vacuum induction melting (VIM) with alumina (Al2O3) crucible was used. Inas- cast Inconel 713C alloy, the strength at the elevated temperature is not satisfied to commercial standard. Therefore, heat treatment was introduced in Inconel 713C alloy to increase strength. The strength at the elevated temperature was increased by aging treatment.

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34

YAN, Lan. "Quantitive Evaluation and Modeling of Alumina Grinding Wheel Surface Topography." Journal of Mechanical Engineering 47, no. 17 (2011): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3901/jme.2011.17.179.

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35

Khangar, Abhijeet A., Edward A. Kenik, and Narendra B. Dahotre. "Microstructure and microtexture in laser-dressed alumina grinding wheel material." Ceramics International 31, no. 4 (January 2005): 621–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2004.08.013.

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36

Mandal, Bijoy, Debashis Biswas, Anirban Sarkar, Santanu Das, and Simul Banerjee. "Improving Grindability of Inconel 600 Using Alumina Wheel through Pneumatic Barrier Assisted Fluid Application." Advanced Materials Research 622-623 (December 2012): 394–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.622-623.394.

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A Stiff Air Layer, Formed around a Rotating Grinding Wheel, Tends to Restrict Grinding Fluid Penetrate Deep inside the Grinding Zone. for this, much Fluid Is Wasted, and Thermal Defects in Grinding May Not Be Controlled. in the Present Experimental Work, a Flood Cooling System with Pneumatic Barrier Is Used for Delivering Grinding Fluid. the Pneumatic Barrier Breaks the Stiff Air Layer, and Therefore, Grinding Fluid Reaches Grinding Zone. an Exotic Nickel Base Alloy, Inconel 600, Is Taken for Surface Grinding Experiments Using an Infeed of 30 µm under Different Environmental Conditions. the Effect of Different Experimental Conditions Is Investigated in Respect of Grinding Force, Chip Formation, Surface Quality and Wheel Condition. the Experimental Result Shows that Grinding Forces and Wheel Wear Are Remarkably Reduced, and Favourable Chips and Good Surface Quality Are Obtained with the Use of Flood Cooling along with Pneumatic Barrier Setup Compared to other Environmental Conditions.

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Kumar Patel, Dinesh, Deepam Goyal, and B. S. Pabla. "Optimization of parameters in cylindrical and surface grinding for improved surface finish." Royal Society Open Science 5, no. 5 (May 2018): 171906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.171906.

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Surface integrity has attracted the attention of researchers for improving the functional performance of engineering products. Improvement in surface finish, one of the important parameters in surface integrity, has been attempted by researchers through different processes. Grinding has been widely used for final machining of components requiring smooth surfaces coupled with precise tolerances. Proper selection of grinding wheel material and grade with grinding parameters can result in an improved surface finish and improved surface characteristics. The present work reports the study of the effect of grinding parameters on surface finish of EN8 steel. Experiments were performed on surface grinding and cylindrical grinding for optimization of grinding process parameters for improved surface finish. Grinding wheel speed, depth of cut, table feed, grinding wheel material and table travel speed for surface grinding operation, and work speed for cylindrical grinding operation were taken as the input parameters with four types of grinding wheels (Al 2 O 3 of grades K and L, and white alumina of grades J and K). The surface roughness was taken as an output parameter for experimentation. The grinding wheel material and grade have been observed to be the most significant variables for both cylindrical grinding and surface grinding. Surface roughness in the case of surface grinding is better compared to that of cylindrical grinding, which can be attributed to vibrations produced in the cylindrical grinding attachment. Surface roughness ( R a ) values of 0.757 µm in cylindrical grinding and 0.66 µm in surface grinding have been achieved.

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38

Xu, Xi Peng, Q. L. Han, and Yuan Li. "Wear of Metal-Bonded Diamond Tools in Different Abrasive Processes." Key Engineering Materials 291-292 (August 2005): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.291-292.85.

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In this present work, an experimental study was carried out to investigate the wear of metal-bonded diamond tools (specimens) in five abrasive processes – stirring diamond specimens in rock slurries and surface grinding the specimens with a vitrified alumina wheel as well as circular sawing of refractory bricks, vitrified silicon carbide wheels and natural granite with segmented diamond blades. Three diamond specimens of different hardness were fabricated by hot pressing. In addition to following the worn morphologies of the diamond tools, forces and power were also monitored in four abrasive processes. During stirring and surface grinding, the wear of the diamond specimens decreased with increasing specimen hardness, whereas the vertical force in surface grinding increased with the specimen hardness. In sawing of granite, however, the wear of the blades was closely related to the vertical force generated in sawing rather than the hardness of the diamond segments. The trends of force changes in sawing of refractory bricks were comparable to those in sawing of granite. But the force ratios in sawing of the SiC wheel were found to be much higher than those in sawing of other two materials.

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39

Harimkar, Sandip P., and Narendra B. Dahotre. "Evolution of Surface Morphology in Laser-Dressed Alumina Grinding Wheel Material." International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology 3, no. 5 (October 2006): 375–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7402.2006.02097.x.

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40

Mishra, P. K., B. B. Nayak, and B. K. Mishra. "Influence of behaviour of alumina slurry on quality of alumina powder prepared by jet wheel impact atomization." Powder Technology 196, no. 3 (December 2009): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2009.08.013.

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41

Romanenko, A. M., D. B. Shatko, A. A. Bakanov, and P. A. Strelnikov. "Influence of the grinding wheel recipe on the cutting force components during grinding." E3S Web of Conferences 389 (2023): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338901003.

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The issues of the components of a grinding wheel recipe, namely, abrasive grains, bonds and various fillers on the cutting forces during grinding are considered in the article. The following types of fillers were studied: fused alumina microspheres, which are a non-burning hollow filler, glass microspheres used as a hollow melting filler, and a burning filler in the form of crushed fruit pits. On the basis of the obtained experimental data, generalized statistical models of the dependence of the magnitude of cutting forces during grinding on the percentage of grains, bond and fillers were developed. From the analysis of the pair correlation coefficients of the models of the grinding force components, it was concluded that the percentage of grains, bond, glass microspheres have the strongest effect on the cutting force sand the effect of fused alumina microspheres and fruit pits is negligible. Based on the results obtained, conclusions are formulated in the form of practical recommendations for reducing cutting forces.

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42

Kapłonek, Wojciech, Krzysztof Nadolny, Krzysztof Rokosz, Jocelyne Marciano, Mozammel Mia, Danil Yurievich Pimenov, Olga Kulik, and Munish Kumar Gupta. "Internal Cylindrical Grinding Process of INCONEL® Alloy 600 Using Grinding Wheels with Sol–Gel Alumina and a Synthetic Organosilicon Polymer-Based Impregnate." Micromachines 11, no. 2 (January 21, 2020): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11020115.

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The development of modern jet engines would not be possible without dynamically developed nickel–chromium-based superalloys, such as INCONEL® The effective abrasive machining of above materials brings with it many problems and challenges, such as intensive clogging of the grinding wheel active surface (GWAS). This extremely unfavorable effect causes a reduction in the cutting ability of the abrasive tool as well as increase to grinding forces and friction in the whole process. The authors of this work demonstrate that introduction of a synthetic organosilicon polymer-based impregnating substance to the GWAS can significantly improve the effects of carrying out the abrasive process of hard-to-cut materials. Experimental studies were carried out on a set of a silicon-treated small-sized sol–gel alumina 1-35×10×10-SG/F46G10VTO grinding wheels. The set contained abrasive tools after the internal cylindrical grinding process of INCONEL® alloy 600 rings and reference abrasive tools. The condition of the GWAS after the impregnation process was studied, including imaging and measurements of its microgeometry using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), microanalysis of its elemental distribution using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), and the influence of impregnation process on the grinding temperature using infrared thermography (IRT). The obtained results confirmed the correctness of introduction of the impregnating substance into the grinding wheel structure, and it was possible to obtain an abrasive tool with a recommended characteristic. The main favorable features of treated grinding wheel concerning the reduction of adhesion between the GWAS and grinding process products (limitation of the clogging phenomenon) as well as reduction of friction in the grinding process, which has a positive effect on the thermal conditions in the grinding zone.

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43

Urgoiti, Lander, David Barrenetxea, Jose Antonio Sánchez, and Leire Godino. "Experimental study of thermal behaviour of face grinding with alumina angular wheels considering the effect of wheel wear." CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology 35 (November 2021): 691–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cirpj.2021.07.010.

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44

Sabarinathan, P., V. E. Annamalai, S. Suresh Kumar, and A. Xavier Kennedy. "A study on recovery of alumina grains from spent vitrified grinding wheel." Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 21, no. 1 (August 13, 2018): 156–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10163-018-0776-8.

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45

Sornakumar, T., M. V. Gopalakrishnan, V. E. Annamalai, R. Krishnamurthy, and C. V. Gokularathnam. "CBN wheel grinding of alumina and partially stabilized zirconia ceramic-ceramic composites." International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials 13, no. 4 (January 1995): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0263-4368(95)94022-q.

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46

Mukhopadhyay, Manish, and Pranab Kumar Kundu. "Optimization of dressing infeed of alumina wheel for grinding Ti-6Al-4V." Materials and Manufacturing Processes 33, no. 13 (March 30, 2018): 1453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10426914.2018.1453164.

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47

Khangar, Abhijeet, and Narendra B. Dahotre. "Morphological modification in laser-dressed alumina grinding wheel material for microscale grinding." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 170, no. 1-2 (December 2005): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.04.087.

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48

Yoshida, Hiroyuki, Yukio Hanayama, Yoshitaka Morimoto, Yukio Hirose, and Keisuke Tanaka. "X-ray Measurement of Grinding Residual Stress in Alumina Ceramics." Advances in X-ray Analysis 32 (1988): 443–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/s0376030800020760.

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Machine parts made of ceramics are usually finished by grinding. Residual stresses as well as defects introduced by grinding will influence the fracture strength and the function of ceramics parts. Although several investigations used the X-ray diffraction method to measure the grinding residual stresses, their grinding conditions were rather limited.In the present study, sintered alumina ceramics of 99% purity were ground with a resinoid diamond wheel (#140 grain size number) under various grinding conditions. The effects of depth of cut and stock removal on the residual stress was measured with the X-ray method.

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49

Dębkowski, Ryszard, and Andrzej Rosiak. "Study on the stream enthalpy generated during dressing of the grinding wheel." Mechanik 90, no. 10 (October 9, 2017): 891–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17814/mechanik.2017.10.138.

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Described is the method of measuring the stream enthalpy of a particle formed during dry-dressing using a single point diamond dresser. In the described method, a Peltier module was used as a heat sensor. The authors presented basic information on the construction, principles of measurement with Peltier module and the way to calibrate it as well as the results of the studies on the enthalpy of the stream formed during the dressing of vitrified alumina grinding wheel. Conducted studies were performed with different feed and depth settings.

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Hussain, Taliv, Ashad Ahmad, Nabeel Hidayat, Danish Ahamad, Md Salik Anwar, and Sadique Istekhar Ahmed. "Dehumidification Analysis of Rotary Solid Desiccant Wheel System for different Surface Materials." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1224, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1224/1/012015.

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Abstract In recent decades, desiccant dehumidification has been given much interest in the air conditioning industry area. Compared to the conventional vapour compression air conditioning system, desiccant dehumidification has various advantages, including separate humidity and temperature control. In this paper, the analysis of the Rotary Solid Desiccant Wheel System has been performed. Here, we have studied three diffusion coefficients: Ordinary, Knudsen and Surface diffusion coefficients for Rotary Solid Desiccant Wheel System. Also, the analysis has been performed for three different solid desiccant materials: Silica Gel, Molecular Sieve and Activated Alumina to incorporate and to study the effect of pore size on moisture transport and to examine the impact of Tortuosity factor on moisture transport phenomenon. This analysis can correctly select the best desiccant material suitable for the desiccant dehumidification industry.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Alumina wheel'

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