Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Alternative tourism'
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Renkert, Sarah Rachelle, and Sarah Rachelle Renkert. "Community-Owned Tourism: Pushing the Paradigms of Alternative Tourisms?" Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625309.
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The Kichwa Añangu Community lives in Ecuador's Yasuní National Park. As a community, they have chosen to dedicate their livelihood to community-owned tourism, or what is commonly called turismo comunitario in Ecuador. Tourism brings multiple, ongoing challenges to the Añangu Community. Shifting market demands, growing regional and transnational competition, and large-scale climate events each present ongoing vulnerabilities. Furthermore, the Añangu do not own rights to the petroleum reserves quietly resting under their land. Nonetheless, they persist in their tourism project and have become recognized as a model for community-owned tourism in Ecuador. In part, this thesis seeks to explore why the Añangu Community has chosen to not only pursue, but expand their involvement in community-owned tourism. This research will demonstrate that tourism is locally embraced as a vehicle for livelihood wellbeing, environmental stewardship, and cultural reclamation. The key question then becomes, why is the Añangu Community’s tourism project successful? Here, I argue that through community agency and governance, the Añangu Community is able to practice economic, environmental, and cultural self-determination via their local control of the tourism project.
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Tezcan, Berna. "Developing Alternative Modes Of Tourism In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605524/index.pdf.
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Mass tourism being on the agenda of world tourism industry since post war period, has been facing stagnation with late 80&rsquos. Additionally consumer&rsquo
s preferences and tendencies towards seeking new activities regardless of sea-sun-sand type of tourism have been started to change. Therefore popular tourist destinations are in a position where to develop alternative tourist activities to sustain their market shares in world tourism market. In compliance with this trend, the purpose of this thesis is to analyze the need and the reason of Turkish Tourism Industry moving away from concentrating merely on mass tourism and accordingly to evaluate the efforts of Turkish tourism authorities in diversifying tourism activities and extending the tourist season to year round with reference to Tourism Development Regions, Amendment of Tourism Encouragement Law, etc. Additionally the importance of focusing on cultural, historical, traditional identity and unique assets of Turkey in order to sustain its ranking in the international tourism market is stressed.
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McGehee, Nancy G. "Alternative Tourism: A Social Movement Perspective." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28122.
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This study develops and tests a theoretical model drawing on social psychological and
resource-mobilization perspectives of social movement theory to explain changes in social movement participation and support for activism among Earthwatch Expedition volunteers. The social psychological perspective of social movements recognizes the role of self-efficacy and consciousness-raising for the participation in and success of social movement organizations. The resource mobilization perspective of social movements stresses rationality and the importance of funding and networks for the success of social movement organizations. Utilizing these two theoretical perspectives as my foundation, I hypothesize that participation in an Earthwatch Expedition increases volunteers' participation in social movement organizations in ways such as making monetary donations, voting with the organization's platform in mind, or attending rallies and marches. I also hypothesize that volunteers will increase their support for others who participate in these same types of activities. Earthwatch Expeditions are a form of alternative tourism in which volunteers participate in any of 126 different types of 10-14 day research-oriented expeditions that may include evaluating the health of a coral reef, studying maternal health among west African women, assessing the killer whale population off the coast of Puget Sound, or recording oral history in Dominica.
I conducted pre- and post-trip surveys in June and July of 1998, resulting in 363 completed surveys. I analyzed data using multiple regression to discover relationships between pre-trip and post-trip measures of social movement participation, activism support, networks, self-efficacy, and consciousness-raising. In other words, I explored ways in which an alternative tourism experience like Earthwatch can change a person's ideas about their own social movement participation, the social movement activities of others, their perceived ability to overcome obstacles in order to implement social change, and their awareness of social issues. Results suggest that participation in an Earthwatch Expedition has a positive effect on volunteers' social movement participation, their awareness of social issues, their networks, and their ability to overcome obstacles, but little effect on activism support.Ph. D.
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Higgins-Desbiolles, B. Freya, and Freya HigginsDesbiolles@unisa edu au. "Another world is possible: Tourism, globalisation and the responsible alternative." Flinders University. School of Political and International Studies, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20061218.155946.
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Utilising a critical theoretical perspective, this work examines contemporary corporatised tourism and capitalist globalisation. This analysis suggests that marketisation limits the understanding of the purposes of tourism to its commercial and industrial features, thereby marginalising wider understandings of the social importance of tourism.
Sklairs conceptualisation of capitalist globalisation and its dynamics, as expressed in his sociology of the global system (2002), is employed to understand the corporatised tourism phenomenon. This thesis explains how a corporatised tourism sector has been created by transnational tourism and travel corporations, professionals in the travel and tourism sector, transnational practices such as the liberalisation being imposed through the General Agreement on Trade in Services negotiations and the culture-ideology of consumerism that tourists have adopted. This thesis argues that this reaps profits for industry and exclusive holidays for privileged tourists, but generates social and ecological costs which inspire vigorous challenge and resistance.
This challenge is most clearly evident in the alternative tourism movement which seeks to provide the equity and environmental sustainability undermined by the dynamics of corporatised tourism. Alternative tourism niches with a capacity to foster an eco-humanism are examined by focusing on ecotourism, sustainable tourism, pro-poor tourism, fair trade in tourism, community-based tourism, peace through tourism, volunteer tourism and justice tourism. While each of these demonstrates certain transformative capacities, some prove to be mild reformist efforts and others promise more significant transformative capacity. In particular, the niches of volunteer tourism and justice tourism demonstrate capacities to mount a vigorous challenge to both corporatised tourism and capitalist globalisation. Since the formation of the Global Tourism Interventions Forum (GTIF) at the World Social Forum gathering in Mumbai in 2004, justice tourism has an agenda focused on overturning corporatised tourism and capitalist globalisation, and inaugurating a new alternative globalisation which is both pro-people and sustainable.
Following the development of these original, macro-level conceptualisations of tourism and globalisation, this thesis presents a micro-level case study of an Indigenous Australian tourism enterprise which illustrates some of these dynamics in a local context. Camp Coorong Race Relations and Cultural Education Centre established and run by the Ngarrindjeri Aboriginal community of South Australia has utilised tourism to foster greater equity and sustainability by working towards reconciliation through tourism. The Ngarrindjeri have also experienced conflicts generated from the pressures of inappropriate tourism development which has necessitated an additional strategy of asserting their Indigenous rights in order to secure Ngarrindjeri lifeways.
The case study analysis suggests that for alternative tourism to create the transformations that contemporary circumstances require, significant political change may be necessary. This includes fulfilment of economic, social and cultural rights to which a majority of nations have committed but have to date failed to implement. While this is a challenge for nation-states and is beyond the capacities of tourism alone, tourism nonetheless can be geared toward greater equity and sustainability if the perspective that corporatised tourism is the only option is resisted. This thesis demonstrates that another tourism is possible; one that is geared to public welfare, human fulfilment, solidarity and ecological living.
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Chacón, Marcilla Ricardo Fabián, Suarez Natalia Paola Herrera, Núñez Jesús Estuardo Pérez, Ayala Vianca Salvatierra, and Vera Franco Sergio Sánchez. "Modelo de negocio de turismo alternativo en el Perú." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/626513.
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Hoy en día nos limitamos a realizar los mismos viajes, lugares y hacer las mismas actividades. Pocos son los peruanos que se aventuran a experimentar nuevas actividades por su cuenta en territorio nacional donde no solo se trata de realizar deportes extremos sino también de salir de la rutina, tener anécdotas que contar más adelante.
La sobre exposición a tanta información, en las últimas generaciones, ha generado que se centren en buscar eso que los llene, los haga sentir felices y/o autorrealizados, a partir de este punto es donde se empezó a generar un atractivo por viajar, teniendo como consecuencia un mercado con acceso a diversas fuentes información aunque dispersa y repetitiva de actividades que pueden ser gratificantes y si bien son aceptadas con entusiasmo no satisfacen por completo las expectativas ni los deseos más profundos del consumidor de esta generación que busca experiencias que puedan trascender en sus recuerdos.
El turismo alternativo cambia la forma en que realizamos turismo para darle un giro diferente, pero sobre todo mucho más interesante y comprometido ya sea en lo aventurero, vivencial, ambiental y tanatoturismo.
La propuesta presentada por nuestro equipo es proporcionar un espacio digital donde el cliente pueda escoger su próxima aventura pensada en experiencias únicas donde pueda realizar actividades diferentes y lugares poco convencionales.Nowadays, we limit ourselves to the same trips, places and doing the same activities. Few are Peruvians who venture to experience new activities on their own in national territory where it is not only about extreme sports but also to get out of the routine, to have anecdotes to tell later. The overexposure to so much information, in the last generations, has generated that they focus on looking for that which fills them, makes them feel happy and / or self-realized, from this point is where they started to generate an attraction for traveling, taking as a consequence, a market with access to diverse sources, although dispersed and repetitive of activities that can be rewarding and although they are accepted with enthusiasm, do not completely satisfy the expectations or the deepest desires of the consumer of this generation who seeks experiences that can go beyond their memories. Alternative tourism changes the way we do tourism to give it a different turn, but above all, much more interesting and committed, whether it be adventurous, experiential, environmental and tanatotourism. The proposal presented by our team is to provide a digital space where the client can choose his next adventure thought of unique experiences where he can perform different activities and unconventional places.
Trabajo de investigación
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Ounvijit, Chooglin. "Contesting tourism development of alternative tourism in a hill-tribe community in Chiang Rai, Thailand /." [St. Lucia, Qld], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18217.pdf.
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Hadjikakou, Michalis. "Measuring the impact of tourism on water resources : alternative frameworks." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2014. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/805395/.
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Tourism is a highly important and diverse economic sector. All tourism activity relies directly and indirectly on water resources. While direct water use in hotels, golf courses and other tourism establishments is relatively well researched, the more substantial volumes of water used indirectly to produce goods which cater for tourism demand are poorly understood. The thesis develops and tests three innovative approaches as part of its overall aim of comprehensively quantifying total (direct and indirect) water demand and water productivity (water use in relation to economic output) across different tourism products. The first approach is based on the water footprint concept and uses readily available data from the UN Food and Agriculture Organization and the Water Footprint Network. The second approach uses statistical segmentation and secondary tourism expenditure data, along with Environmental Input-Output (EIO) analysis, to create distinct tourist groups whose water use and productivity is subsequently compared. The third approach employs primary survey data along with a novel EIO model, in order to quantify the specific impacts of tourist dietary choices. The water scarce island of Cyprus, a popular tourism destination, serves as the central case study. The contribution of the thesis is primarily methodological, producing three methods of differing complexity thus offering a previously unavailable choice to academics and policy makers. Additionally, the approaches generate results with important theoretical and policy implications. Firstly, when both indirect and direct water use is taken into account, cheaper mass tourism is shown to have a higher water productivity compared to higher-spending tourists. With many destinations currently investing in attracting the latter group, this finding is of immediate relevance. Secondly, the findings highlight the importance of obtaining accurate information on dietary preferences in order to better manage the supply chain of key products which account for a significant amount of water consumption.
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Duterme, Clara. "Tourisme alternatif et mémoire du conflit armé dans deux communautés au Guatemala." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20130.
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A partir de la comparaison de micro-circuits de tourisme alternatif mis en place par deux communautés rurales au Guatemala, ce travail interroge la place des visiteurs étrangers dans le processus de construction du discours touristique ainsi que la place du circuit et de ses acteurs au regard des enjeux politiques locaux. L’histoire des groupes étudiés est directement liée à celle du conflit armé interne qu’a connu le pays : ils sont ex-guérilleros ou veuves du conflit. Pour eux, le tourisme est une ressource économique complémentaire, mais aussi un espace de représentation identitaire et mémorielle. Les circuits dont il est question ne sont pas encadrés par des organisations extérieures, ils relèvent du « bricolage » des acteurs locaux, qui s’appuient sur des réseaux d’aide et d’interconnaissance et des contacts internationaux – au premier rang desquels les touristes eux-mêmes. L’analyse des enjeux attachés au circuit touristique éclaire l’importance de la maîtrise de la (re)présentation identitaire du groupe, à la fois dans le contexte de l’inscription dans des réseaux de solidarités transnationaux et dans celui des jeux de pouvoir locauxThis thesis, based on the study of small-scale alternative tourism in two rural communities in Guatemala, examines the role of foreign visitors in the making of the touristic discourse, as well as the manner in which the tour and its actors relate to local politics. The history of the studied groups is rooted in the internal armed conflict: they are ex-guerillas or Ixil widows. Tourism is not their main occupation but an additional economic resource, as well as a stage for the performance of their identity and memory. These tours where not set up by foreign organizations; they fall within what can be called “bricolage”, their progressive making and adapting by local actors who rely on the help of acquaintanceship networks and international contacts –with the tourists themselves in the forefront. An analysis of the issues at stake concerning the touristic project emphasizes the importance of control over public (re)presentation of the identity of the group, both in the context of its insertion in transnational solidarity networks and in that of local power dynamics
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Ficagna, Alessandra Conci. "O planejamento turístico a partir da avaliação do potencial do município de São João da Barra (RJ)." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2012. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=4400.
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O município de São João da Barra, localizado na mesorregião do norte-fluminense do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, por possuir uma vasta riqueza natural, sobretudo de praias, é um local muito procurado pelo turismo, principalmente no verão, período mais propício à balneabilidade, também atrai uma grande demanda de turistas através de diversos eventos organizados pela prefeitura, como carnaval, acarretando como consequência o desenvolvimento do turismo de massa. Além disso, o município foi escolhido para hospedar o Complexo Logístico e Industrial Portuário do Açu (CLIPA), maior empreendimento porto-indústria da América Latina, e um dos três maiores complexos portuários do mundo, que está em fase de implantação. Diante deste cenário, considerando a necessidade de buscar uma alternativa ao turismo de massa, bem como, proteger este destino turístico dos impactos provocados pelo mesmo, e pelo complexo portuário, a pesquisa teve por objetivo identificar o potencial turístico do município de São João da Barra, com enfoque ao desenvolvimento do turismo alternativo a fim de oferecer subsídios para o planejamento turístico sustentável do local. O trabalho se baseou na metodologia proposta por Braga (2007) referente às etapas do processo de planejamento turístico, que se constituíram em quatro etapas: definição do objeto de estudo e missão do planejamento; inventário da situação atual, diagnóstico, e diretrizes de ação. As análises revelaram, através da pesquisa bibliográfica e empírica área de estudo, os principais impactos socioambientais que ocorrem em São João da Barra, provocados não só pelo turismo, como também pela implantação do complexo portuário e por outras fontes; também foi possível obter a percepção da comunidade acerca de como a atividade turística se desenvolve no local, permitindo a elaboração de diretrizes no contexto da gestão participativa. Além disso, o estudo revelou o grande potencial turístico de modalidades alternativas ao turismo de massa, como o turismo científico, educacional, histórico-cultural e esportivo, através da elaboração do inventário da oferta local e do mapa de localização dos atrativos.The municipality of São João da Barra, located in the region of the North Fluminense State of Rio de Janeiro, for possessing a vast natural wealth, especially beaches, is a popular location for tourism, mainly in the summer, time more conducive to bathing, also attracts a large demand of tourists through various events organized by prefecture, such as Carnival, resulting as a consequence the development of mass tourism. Furthermore, the municipality was chosen to host the Logistics and Industrial Complex Port of Açu (CLIPA), higher port-industry enterprise in Latin America, and one of the three largest port complexes in the world, which is under implementation. Before this scenario, considering the need to seek an alternative to mass tourism, as well as protect this tourist destination of the impacts caused by the same, and the port complex, the research aimed to identify the tourism potential of São João da Barra, focusing on the development of alternative tourism in order to provide information for planning sustainable tourism site. The work was based on the methodology proposed by Braga (2007) refers to the process steps of tourism planning, which consisted of four steps: definition of the object of study and mission planning; inventory of the current situation, diagnosis, and guidelines for action. The analyzes revealed through literature and empirical study area, the main environmental impacts that occur in São João da Barra, caused not only by tourism, but also for the implementation of the port complex and other sources, it was also possible to obtain community opinion about how tourism is developed on site, allowing the development of guidelines in the context of participatory management. Furthermore, the study revealed the great tourism potential of alternative ways to mass tourism, as scientific tourism, educational tourism, historical-cultural tourism, and sports tourism through the development of local offer inventory and location map of the attractions.
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Cale, Tânia Sofia Lourenço. "O surf como potencial produto turístico nos Açores." Master's thesis, Escola Superior de Hotelaria e Turismo do Estoril, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/4470.
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O turismo de surf nos Açores é um nicho pouco desenvolvido no território, com poucos praticantes locais e procura incipiente. O surf representa uma oportunidade a explorar, podendo vir a assumir-se como um produto turístico relevante para as ilhas. Neste sentido, esta dissertação visa analisar a potencialidade dos Açores para a prática de surf e desenvolver propostas de ação com vista à valorização desta atividade como um produto turístico na região.
Neste contexto, na primeira parte da dissertação é analisado o estado da arte referente ao turismo e desporto na natureza, particularizando depois para o surf e turismo a ele associado. Seguidamente procede-se à análise do surf como potencial produto turístico nos Açores, através da caracterização da atividade turística e de surf no território, da aplicação de um questionário junto dos praticantes de surf e do levantamento e caracterização dos principais spots de surf no arquipélago.
Os resultados revelam que o território tem potencial para desenvolver o surf como um produto turístico, existindo nos Açores vários spots com interesse para a prática da atividade. No entanto, o desenvolvimento da atividade tem-se verificado praticamente em São Miguel, o que se revela um ponto fraco, sendo recomendável desenvolvê-la também nas restantes ilhas.
Neste sentido, foram definidas propostas para valorizar o surf como um produto turístico no arquipélago, contribuindo assim para a diversificação, dinamização e qualificação da atual oferta turística e fomentar um desenvolvimento sustentável do turismo de surf nas ilhas dos Açores.The surf tourism in the Azores is a cluster to be developed, with few local surfers and low demand. Surf represents an opportunity to explore, possibly an important tourism product for the islands. This dissertation aims at analysing the potential of the Azores for the practice of surf and to propose actions to value this activity as a tourism product of the region. In this context, in the first part of the dissertation the art state concerning nature tourism and sports, as well as the association of surf and tourism, is analysed. Them, the analysis of the surf as a tourism product in the Azores is carried out, including the characterization of the tourism activity and surfing in the territory, the application of a questionnaire to the surf practitioners and the identification and characterization of the main surf spots in the archipelago. The results confirm that Azores has potential to develop surf as a tourism product; there are several spots with potential to practice this activity. Even though the development of the activity has been observed in São Miguel Island, this in itself is a weak point, being recommended the development in the other islands. Consequently, several proposals were defined in order to contribute to increase the value of surf as a tourism product in the archipelago. Furthermore, the development of surf contributes to the diversity, dynamics and qualification of the present tourism supply and to the sustainable development of surf tourism in the Azores islands.
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Ueleni, Talaivosa. "Ecotourism development in the South Pacific Islands : a sustainable alternative for mass tourism in Fiji Islands /." Electronic version of summary Electronic version of examination, 2004. http://www.wul.waseda.ac.jp/gakui/gaiyo/3947.pdf.
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Koenig, Eric. "Baiting Sustainability: Collaborative Coastal Management, Heritage Tourism, and Alternative Fisheries in Placencia, Belize." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6526.
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Local coastal fishers in Belize are adapting novel strategies to manage, exploit, and market marine and coastal resources in an effort to promote fishing livelihoods and coastal environmental sustainability. These resilience strategies respond to diminished fishing stocks, fisheries and environmental policies and regulations, climate change, shifting seafood markets, and expanding tourism development. With growing foreign investment and nationally-directed infrastructure improvement projects on the Placencia Peninsula in recent years, tourism development is shifting toward mass tourism, and local residents are seeking avenues to sustain their livelihoods. In Placencia, the need for effective monitoring and management of Marine Protected Areas, fisheries, and coastal tourism, and enforcement of environmental regulations is being met through collaborations between the fisheries sector, governmental departments, regional environmental NGOs, and international aid agencies. Drawing on an “anthropology of public policy” approach and ethnographic research (including interviews, participatory mapping, surveys, and participant-observation) between 2013 and 2015 on the peninsula, this thesis investigates the implications of collaborative coastal resource management strategies developed between the Placencia Producers Cooperative Society Limited and regional environmental NGOs such as the Southern Environmental Association (SEA), among others, to promote marine conservation, local fishing livelihoods, and heritage tourism.
In particular, I consider how fishing livelihoods, conceptions of local history and heritage, environmental knowledge, tourism development, and fisheries and environmental policies inform the relationships and trajectory for “sustainable” local fisheries management through these collaborations. Many local fishers recognize a complementary relationship between tourism and fishing occupations through the ways that they can impart an ecological conservation ethos, centering coastal environmental knowledge, education, and local “embodied heritage” experiences and skills to sustain local marine livelihoods while preserving coastal ecosystems for visitors and future generations of residents. With the declining prominence of commercial fishing for Caribbean spiny lobster, queen conch, and fin-fish in the village, several Placencia fishers are applying their generationally inherited and embodied marine knowledge to livelihood diversification strategies such as seasonal, full- or part-time transitions to tour guiding and NGO coastal conservation, monitoring and enforcement, restoration, and outreach positions. Moreover, many fishers in the Placencia producers fishing cooperative have ventured into alternative fisheries and mariculture activities including fishing and marketing of invasive lionfish as well as seaweed farming and value-added product promotion with variable support from the Belize Fisheries Department, SEA, other environmental NGOs, and international conservation and development organizations. Recognizing these livelihood diversification strategies and relationships for sustainable coastal resource management, I discuss the opportunities and challenges of three recent and emerging alternative livelihoods programs directed by the Placencia fishing cooperative including the seaweed farming project, the lionfish eradication and marketing initiative, and the development of a heritage tourism program centering fisher livelihoods in connection with a proposed local fishing history museum.
To explore the possibility for fishing heritage tourism as a pathway to “sustainable tourism development” on the peninsula in the future, I investigate how local conceptions of fishing as heritage in Placencia village converge with or diverge from tourist “imaginaries” of culture and heritage on the peninsula as well as heritage assets and products conceived in national sustainable tourism development policy and commercial tourism markets. Residents of the peninsula, Belizean workers and visitors residing off of the peninsula, and foreign tourists alike recognize fishing and activites, events, and places associated with fishing as aspects of local heritage, although foreign visitors generally ascribe only cursory significance to fishing in the peninsula’s culture(s), heritage, and identities as compared with Belizean nationals. Rather, these visitors often imagine local heritage in terms of beaches and relaxation, the Belize Barrier reef and cayes, and especially the local friendly vibe, “quaintness,” and cultural diversity of people, drawing partly from national and local tourism marketing media portrayals of major attractions on the peninsula (such as on websites and in magazines and guidebooks) and resident and visitor word of mouth. Local and national sustainable tourism policies for the peninsula that recommend cultural tourism as a secondary product for future tourism development on the peninsula align with interview and survey results that suggest widespread resident and visitor interest in seeing the development of cultural heritage attractions on the peninsula such as a local cultural and historical museum. For many residents, conceptions of heritage tourism fit within the scope of local plans and visions for sustainable development that aim to maintain the integrity of the peninsula as a “low impact,” “authentic,” integrated, and primarily overnight tourism destination with a laid-back vibe, beaches, cultural diversity, and access to a variety of inland and marine-based attractions.
Drawing from these results, I conclude by discussing the implications of these alternative fisheries and tourism initiatives and markets to support local livelihoods and coastal environmental conservation, and consider the potential viability of collaborative coastal resource management approaches between fishers, NGOs, and governmental organizations for future sustainable development in Placencia and other coastal Belizean communities. This thesis represents an applied case study of collaborative fisheries management and how heritage is conceived and applied in a coastal Belizean context. It builds on previous coastal environmental resource management, heritage studies, and anthropology of tourism research, and considers the significance of local heritage and livelihoods in crafting locally accountable, relevant, and sustainable development policies and plans in coastal settings.
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Ernawati, Ni Made. "Producer–market orientation of community-based tourism (CBT) products: A case study in Bali, Indonesia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1685.
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Community-based tourism (CBT) provides an attractive alternative to mass tourism. In Bali, Indonesia, it is a potentially significant contributor to tourism development. The aim of this research was to obtain a greater understanding of CBT through an examination of relevant issues, and the perceptions of the host communities and tourists regarding CBT products. This study used a mixed methods approach to collect data from the host communities and tourists who visited the villages in Bali.
Five main elements of CBT products came to light during a review of the literature in the preliminary phase of the research. Subsequently, aspects of authenticity and change for development as important features of sustainable CBT products were identified and added to the study during the qualitative phase of the research. At the conclusion of Research Phase 1, the qualitative stage, four additional elements had been identified, making a total of 10. These 10 CBT product elements were then further subdivided and formed the variables for the data collection instrument used in Research Phase 2, the quantitative study.
The Research Phase 1 qualitative results indicate that the CBT tourists clearly identified their expectations of CBT products and were supportive of a sustainable industry to preserve the villagers‟ way of life and the rural environment. However, they were also concerned about safety and hygiene. The Research Phase 2 quantitative results consistently show similar findings. Furthermore, a significant number of tourists expressed a willingness to use and consume products and services provided by the community.
As part of the research, two types of CBT tourists were identified – „overnighters‟ and “daytrippers‟. Both groups sought the same type of attractions, albeit in different degrees of intensity, yet they required different types and standards of services and facilities. The overnighter group intermingled, they wanted to experience the local culture and lifestyle, and were more accepting of the local amenities. By contrast, the daytrippers experienced a snap-shot of village life while on excursions away from their resort hotel accommodation.
The Research Phase 1 qualitative results show that the host communities were aware ofthe intrinsic value of the tourist attractions in their villages, but lacked the confidence to share them with visitors. The community respondents in this phase of the study also demonstrated limited awareness of tourists‟ needs. The Research Phase 2 quantitative results indicate an adequate understanding of CBT features, but enhancements were needed in some areas, such as product packaging, information and narration, and service provision.
Tri hita karana (THK) is a Balinese life value that has been adopted as an underpinning principle of a sustainable approach to tourism development in Bali. According to the principles of THK, a harmonious balance within and between the three relationships of a human to Universe-spirit, a human to humans, and a human to nature is necessary for human contentment. For the CBT product match, all three THK relationships were „represented harmoniously‟, rather than „represented equally‟. It is also shown that the components of both the Balinese THK and the global sustainability values are represented in the CBT products.
The overall survey results indicate that the host communities and tourists had considerable agreement about CBT product items, with an average rating of most variables for both groups of around 2 (moderate agreement). This high level of concurrence may be due to a majority of respondents, who are sustainable tourists, and the host communities‟ innate connection with THK principles, thereby slanting the results towards sustainability in both groups. The results of this research provide a greater understanding of the nexus of host communities‟ and tourists‟ perceptions, which can be used as guidelines for future CBT product developments.
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Demirbas, Topcu Elif. "Agri-tourism:as A New Element Ofrural Development." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608988/index.pdf.
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ABSTRACT
AGRI-TOURISM: AS A NEW ELEMENT OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT
DemirbaS Topcu, Elif
MS., City and Regional Planning Department, Urban Design
Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Baykan Günay October 2007, 187 Pages This thesis study is developed under the lights of new developments related to rural tourism sector in the world. With the effects of emerging term &lsquo
sustainability&rsquo
in 1980s, sustainable tourism concept has found new implementation areas. The increasing demand on the tourism activities taking place in rural areas has lead the governments to find ways of benefiting from this tendency in a sustainable way. Since the early 1990s, a new type of rural tourism called as agri-tourism has been developed as a concept that integrates agriculture and tourism activities in the western world. Whether it is evaluated as a tourism or agriculture development element, it is a new element of country planning. Nowadays, it is seen that there is also a new tendency for agri-tourism at local level through local initiatives in Turkey. Although there is still no governmental regulation for agri-tourism activities, political and practical developments demonstrate that the sector should be evaluated as a planning element for Turkey. The main purpose of this study is examining the rural development element characteristic of agri-tourism concept as an element for enhancing the rural tourism activities in Turkey. To achieve the purpose, two examples from EU- Lublin and Tuscany Regions were examined to understand the dynamics of agri-tourism as a planning element. For these study interpretative-comparative-textual method is used. Accordingly, the present condition in Turkey is evaluated through the obtained data and SWOT Analysis method was employed for analyzing the data. Accordingly, some suggestions are presented for developing agri-tourism sector in Turkey.
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Heron, Graeme. "Exploring alternative models of localisation in food supply chains : a theory of constraints approach." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2011. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/4395/.
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Local food and the localisation of food are beset by many problems in the UK. We have still yet to agree on a consensus view of the term ‘local food’ despite the call for an enforceable definition. The continued absence of rules around products and their relative spatial determinacy has lead to the development of both fluid, and subjective interpretations around the term ‘local’, as well as a willingness by key actors to readily conflate ‘local’ with ‘regional’ as a pluralistic device in a market worth £4.6 billion in sales from farm shops and farmers’ markets alone. This research sets out to identify and diffuse the problems we have in defining what local food is, and presciently, what it may become. The research itself utilises a qualitative multiple case study approach, engaging with a final cohort of 23 producers of similar products, but at different scales of supply, and across a broad geographic spread of England. In encompassing areas which do not have a reputation for local food, the research mitigates against previous micro-analytical research and adds both construct and internal validity to its data, gathered by semi-structured interviews, process mapping and questionnaires. Template analysis is used as a data extraction tool in this research, which seeks to provide disambiguation around the sector and suggest a way forward which has the potential to offer greater derived benefit to current and future stakeholders.
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Delivani, Eleni. "Tourism as an alternative engine of economic growth : the case of Greece : a Kaldorian approach." Thesis, University of York, 1991. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4261/.
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Meder, Magdalena. "An analysis of how consumers experience virtual tours : A virtual tour of the Faroe Islands." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Institutionen för kultur och samhälle, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-38180.
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When the whole world was in lockdown and tourism was at a standstill due to the COVID19-pandemic, the Faroe Islands found an alternative way to let people experience their destination. They started the “Remote tourism” campaign which offered live virtual tours where users from all over the world could navigate the locals who were equipped with GoPro cameras on their helmets. But how satisfying can such an experience be? How do users experience virtual tours? And how do such virtual tours promote the willingness to visit a destination? This study aimed at answering those questions by conducting semi-structured interviews with members of Generation Y. The participants of the interview watched the recorded versions of the virtual tours offered by Visit Faroe Islands and were asked about their experience. There are different factors for a satisfying tourism experience, namely presence/telepresence, enjoyment, involvement, and flow. The results showed that these factors were also relevant to the virtual tourism experience. However, the virtual tours were experienced differently by different participants and the results cannot be generalized. Yet, this will likely be the case for the traditional tourism experience as well. The same tourism experience will be perceived differently by every individual. The results also showed that the virtual tours did promote the willingness to visit the Faroe Islands for the majority of participants – or it did not change to the worse at least.
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Vidal, Daniela de Amorim Braizinha. "Turismo em espaço rural : alternativa ao turismo massificado e motor de desenvolvimento local." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7527.
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Mestrado em Ciências EmpresariaisO turismo é um forte motor de desenvolvimento socioeconómico e cultural que se popularizou na década de 50, com o desenvolvimento de meios de transporte, a redução do horário laboral, o direito às férias pagas e ao aumento do poder de compra das famílias. Esta popularidade conduziu à massificação do turismo e à distribuição temporal e geográfica desequilibrada da procura turística, resultando em problemas aos níveis ambiental, cultural e social. A sazonalidade turística contribuiu para a intensificação desses problemas. A dependência de Portugal face ao seu principal produto turístico, Sol e Mar, contribuiu também para o agravamento da sazonalidade no país. Ao contrário das zonas costeiras, as áreas rurais têm sofrido um declínio social e económico resultante de fatores como a perda de capital humano para as zonas urbanas, enfrentando vários desafios que exigem políticas de desenvolvimento rural adequadas e uma utilização mais eficaz dos recursos financeiros disponíveis. O turismo rural tem vindo a destacar-se, não só, como uma estratégia de desenvolvimento alternativo para a regeneração económica e social das zonas rurais, mas também como alternativa ao turismo de massas, minimizando os problemas derivados da sazonalidade associada ao produto Sol e Mar. Com recurso ao método Delphi, este estudo tem como principais objetivos perceber de que forma o turismo rural em Portugal tem contribuído para minimizar os impactos da massificação do turismo nas zonas costeiras, diminuir a sazonalidade nessas áreas e, por fim, analisar o seu contributo para o desenvolvimento das zonas rurais no território português.
Tourism is a powerful driver of socioeconomic and cultural development which became popular since the 50s, with the development of means of transport, the reduction in working hours, the right to paid holidays and the increased purchasing power of families. This increased popularity led to mass tourism and uneven temporal and geographical distribution of tourism demand, resulting in environmental, cultural and social problems. Tourism seasonality contributed to the intensification of these problems. The fact that tourism in Portugal greatly depends on its main tourism product, Sun and Sea, also contributed to the intensifying of seasonality in the country. Unlike coastal areas, that continue to be tourists? favorite destinations, rural areas have been dealing with social and economic decline, due to factors such as the loss of human capital to urban areas, facing a number of challenges that require appropriate rural development policies and more efficient use of available financial resources. Rural tourism has come to stand out, not only as an alternative development strategy for economic and social regeneration of rural areas, but also as an alternative to mass tourism, minimizing the problems deriving from seasonality in Sun and Sea destinations. Using the Delphi method, this study?s main objectives are to understand how rural tourism in Portugal has been contributing to minimize the impacts of mass tourism in coastal areas and to reduce seasonality in these areas and, also, to examine its contribution to the development of rural regions in the Portuguese territory.
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Hung, Kam. "Developing an alternative model for travel decision-making." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3245.
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Lemes, Pedro Henrique Sanches. "TURISMO COMUNITÁRIO E POPULAÇÕES TRADICIONAIS: O CASO DO FAXINAL BARRA BONITA NO MUNICÍPIO DE PRUDENTÓPOLIS - PR." UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE PONTA GROSSA, 2009. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/518.
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Previous issue date: 2010-11-01In the early 1980 the alternative tourism begins to gain strength in Brazilian market. This activity shows problems caused by mass tourism that explore fragile environment in an unthinking way putting the customs and habits of the local communities under threat as well as the local flora and fauna. In Paraná State there is a great potential to develop this kind of tourism activity in traditional communities. These communities are named faxinais, where is developed a community production with a joint area to raise animals in an environment of Araucária Forest and private areas to plant. Nowadays there are about 44 faxinal areas in Center –South of the State, 07 of them are located in Prudentópolis. For this reason the purpose of this research is to evaluate the touristic potential in faxinal communities of this borough. There are already areas around the faxinais exploring ecological tourism (visit to the waterfalls) and also the adventure tourism (rapel, trekking). Through Community Tourism, a tourist segmentation that fits in the alternative tourism and above all prioritizes the local community well-being, respecting their limits and desires and allowing that local people carry out the tourism management. So the intention of this study is the inclusion of the faxinal areas in this system. For this two complex of touristic narratives have been identified: ethnic(typical food, costumes, traditions, songs, dance, religion, everyday work) and the economic and technological history( subsistence agriculture, wood and erva-mate extraction, tropeirismo, pig rising and tobacco agribusiness). It is believed that this segmentation can mean an economical improvement for these communities and also the preservation of their cultural environment.
A partir de meados da década de 1980, começa a ganhar força no mercado brasileiro o turismo alternativo, atividade esta que traz a tona problemas causados pelo turismo de massa, que usa de maneira impensada ambientes frágeis, colocando em risco hábitos e costumes de comunidades e também impactos negativos à fauna e flora. No Paraná existe grande potencial para se desenvolver esta modalidade de turismo em comunidades tradicionais. Trata-se das comunidades de faxinais. Estas comunidades desenvolvem um modo de produção comunitário, com áreas de uso comum para criação de animais em ambiente de Floresta com Araucária, além de áreas particulares para plantar. Atualmente, existem cerca de 44 comunidades de faxinais na região Centro-Sul do estado, 07 destas localizadas no Município de Prudentópolis. Desta forma, o objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar o potencial turístico das comunidades de faxinais neste município. A grande maioria dos faxinais de Prudentópolis possui em seu entorno áreas utilizadas para a prática do turismo ecológico (visitação a cachoeiras) e também a prática do turismo de aventura (rapel, treeking). O que se busca com este estudo é a inclusão dos faxinais neste sistema por meio do Turismo Comunitário, uma segmentação turística que se encaixa no turismo alternativo e sobretudo prioriza o bem estar da comunidade local, respeitando seus limites e desejos e permitindo que os residentes realizem a gestão do turismo. Para tanto, dois complexos de narrativas turísticas foram identificados: a etnicidade (comidas típicas, costumes, tradições, canções, danças, religiosidade, cotidiano de trabalho) e a história econômica e tecnológica (agricultura de subsistência, extrativismo da madeira e da erva mate, tropeirismo, criação de porcos, agroindústria de fumo). Acredita-se que esta segmentação do turismo pode significar uma recontextualização econômica para estas comunidades, além de poder conservar suas paisagens culturais e reforçar suas características comunitárias.
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Govender-Van, Wyk Sharmla. "Community-based sustainable tourism on commonages an alternative to traditional land reform in Namaqualand, Northern Cape Province /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05162007-171217.
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Kock, Marcelinio. "PROPOSING AN ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORK FOR FEASIBILITY STUDIES FOR LARGE PUBLIC TOURISM INVESTMENTS: A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2007. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4256.
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Numerous studies in the hospitality field have focused on the importance of the convention industry to the economic well being of the local tourism industry. Because of intense competition between convention centers, destinations are practicing strategies of expanding their convention facilities and related infrastructure. Unfortunately, many of these expansions appear to have been based on feasibility studies that failed to present rigorous reviews and examinations regarding alleged claims of positive impacts and over-optimistic operational pro-forma statements. The main objective of this study is to propose an alternative framework for feasibility studies, which consists of an updated, rigorous methodology to calculate a more comprehensive picture, on what convention centers can deliver on public and private investment. Data from the Orange County Convention Center (OCCC) in Orlando, Florida were used for assessing this proposed framework.M.S.
Rosen College of Hospitality Management
Rosen College of Hospitality Management
Hospitality and Tourism Management MS;
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Jampolskienė, Aistė. "Alternatyvaus turizmo krypčių vystymas Lietuvoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090120_140440-47315.
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Magistro baigiamajame darbe išanalizuota alternatyvaus turizmo formų: kultūros, socialinio, kaimo, sveikatos, urbanistinio turizmo ir urbanistinio turizmo raida Lietuvoje, iškeltos šių sričių problemos bei pateikti siūlymai, kaip šias problemas spręsti. Pirmoje darbo dalyje teoriniu aspektu tiriamas alternatyvus turizmas, pateikiama alternatyvaus turizmo ir 6 svarbiausių jo formų samprata. Antroje dalyje nagrinėjama alternatyvaus turizmo situacija ES ir Lietuvos turizmo sektoriuose, išskiriant problemas, su kuriomis susiduria nagrinėjamos 6 alternatyvaus turizmo formos, analizuojamos ir vertinamos pokyčių, vykstančių alternatyvaus turizmo srityje tendencijos. Trečioje dalyje analizuojama alternatyvaus turizmo raida ES ir LR teisės aktuose, išskiriamos daugiausiai Lietuvoje ir ES valdžios institucijų dėmesio sulaukusios alternatyvaus turizmo formos. Ketvirtoje dalyje nagrinėjamas Lietuvos turizmo ekspertų požiūris į kultūrinį, socialinį, kaimo, sveikatos, urbanistinį turizmą ir ekoturizmą.Master’s thesis analysis following forms of alternative tourism: culture tourism, social tourism, ecotourism, rural tourism, health tourism and urban tourism development in Lithuania bringing the main problems and providing suggestions solve these issues. In the first part of thesis alternative tourism and 6 most commonly used forms of alternative tourism are studied in theoretical aspect. The second part examines alternative tourism in EU tourism sector and Lithuania, highlighting the problems and main trends 6 forms of alternative tourism are facing. The third part contains analysis development of alternative tourism forms in EU and Lithuania official tourism authorities documents. In the fourth part of thesis Lithuanian tourism expert’s approach is analyzed of the following forms of alternative tourism: culture tourism, social tourism, ecotourism, rural tourism, health tourism and urban tourism.
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Yess, Tanner. "A Small Sea: Evaluating the Implementation of Village-scale Ecotourism in Thale Noi, Thailand and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1427900552.
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Dilworth, Virginia Ann. "Visitor perceptions of alternative transportation systems and intelligent transportation systems in national parks." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969/509.
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Kwon, Hyun Jin. "The impact of cultural events on the cinema and tourism in a community, Busan Busan's alternative industry to the cinema and tourism industry after the Pusan International Film Festival (PIFF) /." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002kwonh.pdf.
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Patriková, Eva. "Logistické prístupy k rozvoju regionálnej turistiky v Turecku." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-198875.
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Tourism in Turkey has passed a certain developmental stage, but today increases an opportunity to broach a new stage in the development of alternative types of tourism. Together with appropriate development of transport infrastructure, may be developed the other less visited regions of Turkey. The government of Turkey is good aware of this fact and concerned departments approach to this challenge with proper importance. Thus, it could be expected a positive result.
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Nelson, Mollie Suzanne. "The Inner Work of San Marcos : A Study on the Relationship between Alternative and Traditional Medicine in the Context of Globalisation, Tourism and Social Change." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.509021.
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Sandstedt, Annica, and Matilda Eidering. "Därför säger vi NEJ till barnhem! : En kvalitativ studie om tre svenska organisationers avståndstagande samt agerande relaterat till barnhemsproblematiken." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Globala studier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-45376.
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Kuraitytė, Aistė. "Kaimo turizmo veiklos Lietuvos kaime tyrimas ir perspektyvų analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090114_160155-83265.
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Lietuvoje kaimo turizmas yra viena iš perspektyviausių alternatyvių veiklų, kurianti darbo vietas kaimo vietovėse ir teikianti papildomas pajamas. Alternatyvios ir žemės ūkio veiklos derinimas padeda siekti pagrindinio tikslo – gerinti ūkio narių užimtumą, kelti gyvenimo lygį ir kokybę, o taip pat mažinti priklausomybę nuo neefektyvios žemės ūkio veiklos. Kaimo turizmas turi didelį plėtros potencialą, nes auga poreikis poilsiauti kaimo turizmo sodybose, ir didėja kaimo gyventojų, ketinančių imtis šio ne žemės ūkio verslo, dalis. Darbo tikslas – ištirti kaimo turizmo veiklą Lietuvos kaime, išanalizuoti jos perspektyvas. Atliekant mokslinį tyrimą buvo išnagrinėti straipsniai, įstatymai bei kiti teisės aktai. Naudotasi internetiniais puslapiais ir periodiniais leidiniais. Sukaupta medžiaga buvo nagrinėta naudojant anketinės ir tiesioginės apklausos, loginės analizės, literatūros šaltinių analizės, aprašomąjį ir statistinį metodus. Tyrimais nustatyta, kad per pastaruosius septynerius metus (nuo 2000 iki 2007 m.) kaimo turizmo sodybų skaičius padidėjo net keturis kartus. Daugiausia kaimo turizmo sodybų yra Ignalinos, Zarasų, Trakų, Klaipėdos rajonų savivaldybėse. Nors kaimo turizmas pastaraisiais metais tapo vienu iš populiariausių ne žemės ūkio verslų kaime, šių paslaugų pasiūla, kokybė ir įvairovė nėra pakankama.Country tourism is one of the perspective alternative agriculture activities which creates new workplaces and give additional income. If we will match alternative and agriculture activities, we will be able to reach the main purpose – improve an employment, raise the standard quality of life, reduce dependence from not effective agriculture activities. The country tourism has a big potential of developmental. Main goal of this job is to analyze country tourism activity in Lithuania village and perspective of countryside tourism development. It was used analysis of memoirs, statistical grouping, logical analysis, descriptive and questionnaire methods. To determine relationships between two properties was used correlation analysis. From results we saw that during seven years (from 2000 to 2007) number of countryside farmsteads increase even four times. There was determining that the biggest amount countryside tourism farmsteads are in Ignalinos, Zarasų, Trakų, Klaipėdos regions. It was determined that the biggest influence to distribution of countryside farmsteads was water.
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Prince, Solene. "Imagining Tourist Spaces as Living Spaces : Towards a Relational Approach to Alternatives and Morals in Tourism." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för turismvetenskap och geografi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-31403.
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Many actors are taking advantage of the flexible barriers to entry of the tourist industry to engage in the production of varied forms of tourism closely related to their lifestyle, professional and communal ambitions. With the increased popularity of forms of tourism bringing the guest close to the host, it becomes relevant to ask questions related to lived experiences and close encounters in tourism scholarship. This is a moral conviction that the plurality of human experiences and critical reflexivity matter in the conception of tourist spaces and their management. In this thesis, I look for new ways to conceptually embed local people in their living spaces by approaching forms of tourism displaying non-economic elements as phenomena that create new and complex relations imbued with various implications. Tourism geography highlights the negotiated and fragmented nature of tourism, and its performative and embodied character. I apply relational geography to apprehend the multiple relations that make up local spaces and identities. With its post-structural character, relational geography uncovers voices once neglected in research, and proposes new ways of being in the world. My two qualitative case studies reflect my interest in exploring the northern European context. Firstly, I investigate craft-artists on Bornholm, Denmark and their relation to the tourist season. I do this through interviews and narrative analysis. My second case study, a focused ethnography at Sólheimar eco-village, Iceland, centres on the management of host and guest interactions. In terms of spatial formation, results show that local actors have the agency to form networks and redefine their identities in the wake of tourism development. They form a hybrid space by fulfilling goals related to their lifestyle, livelihood and professional ambitions simultaneously. Moreover, mundane practices are presented as an integral part of a tourist landscape. In terms of management, results show that the various spatial complexities faced by communities exacerbate host and guest relations. This will require a commitment from local coordinators and managers to promote a reflexive and critical exchange during these close encounters. I ultimately argue for the imagination of tourist spaces as living spaces, where I conceptualize tourism as a mundane, yet complex, material and social experience for those living in tourist spaces. I propose two new discursive anchors that reflect the metaphor of the living space: dwelling in the tourist landscape, and sincere encounters. I contend that researching living spaces finds its moral grounds in its openness to the various ways local people dwell and encounter during tourism, and to the diverse ways researchers make sense of these practices, and of their own.
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Benbelaid, Yasmine. "Le tourisme alternatif à Timimoune." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26056.
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Le tourisme est une industrie qui croît à une vitesse exponentielle. Elle est souvent mise de l’avant comme moyen d’amoindrir la pauvreté dans plusieurs régions du monde. Cependant, la littérature lui consacre beaucoup de critiques et de reproches. Ainsi, la mondialisation a favorisé la naissance d’un tout nouveau mouvement : le tourisme alternatif. C’est dans cette logique que la présente thèse s’attarde sur l’étude du tourisme alternatif dans la zone désertique algérienne, plus précisément à Timimoune. Ainsi, elle interroge les attitudes et perceptions des divers acteurs (touristes, agences touristiques, guides touristiques locaux et les populations locales) à considérer le tourisme alternatif comme levier à l’amélioration des conditions de vies des communautés locales en termes de santé, d’éducation et de création d’emploi.
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Garcette, Arnaud. "La filière oléicole au pied du Mur : adaptations et contournements socio-économiques palestiniens face à l'occupation israélienne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3101/document.
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Cette recherche porte sur l’adaptation socio-économique de la filière oléicole palestinienne face aux dispositifs de contrôle et de séparation israéliens (1993-2013). Cette filière a fait l’objet d’une profonde réhabilitation sur le plan politique, puisque les oliviers sont progressivement devenus l’icône du peuple palestinien et le symbole de sa lutte contre l’occupation. Tout en analysant la manière dont l’occupation bouleverse en profondeur leur environnement, l’étude envisage les Palestiniens comme des acteurs qui apprennent à contourner les restrictions israéliennes en développant des pratiques spécifiques et de nouveaux réseaux. L’analyse interroge notamment le rôle ambigu que jouent les acteurs étrangers, de plus en plus nombreux à se rendre en Cisjordanie pour des raisons professionnelles, touristiques, mais aussi militantes. Les oliviers palestiniens constituent un vecteur privilégié pour canaliser aussi bien les flux d’aide internationale que les manifestations de solidarité, ce qui génère de nombreuses retombées politiques et économiques. Des acteurs variés ont ainsi développé un large éventail de projets de développement, de services touristiques et de produits vendus au nom de la solidarité avec les Palestiniens, autour de l’oléiculture. En participant à ces nouveaux marchés, ils se soumettent à des contraintes qui les obligent à modifier leurs modes de faire, leurs discours, et leurs réseaux. Partant de l’étude des transformations des pratiques oléicoles sous l’effet de la politique de séparation, ce travail ouvre plus globalement sur une analyse de « l’économie de la séparation » et des relations entre les différents acteurs des espaces israélo-palestiniensThis research focuses on the socio-economic adaptation of the Palestinian olive oil sector in the face of Israeli control and separation schemes (1993-2013). This sector has benefited from a deep political rehabilitation, since olive trees have gradually become the icon of the Palestinian people and the symbol of their struggle against the occupation. While analyzing how the occupation devices deeply disrupt their environment, the study considers the Palestinians as active players who are learning to bypass Israeli restrictions by developing specific practices, formal and informal, and developing new networks. The analysis also focuses on the central role played by the growing number of foreigners in the West Bank (business people, tourists, pilgrims or activists). Palestinian olive trees are an opportune channel for both international aid and demonstrations of solidarity, generating many political and economic benefits. Various people have developed a wide range of development projects, tourist services and products sold in the name of solidarity with the Palestinians. By participating in these new markets, they undergo logistical and competitive constraints that force them to change their practices, their speeches and their networks. These interactions involve indeed a reorganization of economic practices but also a change in power, dependence and hierarchy relations between all the stakeholders. Based on the study of the transformations of olive practices as a result of the separation policy, this work opens more broadly into an analysis of "the separation of the economy" and the relationships between both the inhabitants and the visitors of Israeli-Palestinian lands
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Breede, Marit. "Interkulturelle Begegnung im alternativen Tourismus /." Hamburg : Kovač, 2008. http://d-nb.info/989695603/04.
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Benbelaid, Yasmine. "Tourisme alternatif à Djanet et Taghit : enjeux socio-économiques et environnementaux." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39563.
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Le tourisme est un des enjeux de l’économie mondiale. L’Organisation des Nations Unies (ONU) estimait en 2017 que le tourisme était l’un des secteurs économiques qui connaissait la croissance la plus rapide au monde. Il est souvent le point de référence des rapports des institutions internationales en termes de génération de prospérités économiques, de contributions aux économies locales et d’outil efficace pour la protection de l’environnement (ONU, 2017). On le retrouve, entre autres, dans le Programme 2013, les Objectifs du Millénaire pour le Développement Durable (ODD), la Conférence Rio+20 (ONU, 2017). Ainsi, le tourisme est de plus en plus considéré comme moteur de développement durable (UNWTO, 2015). Il a été mentionné dans la résolution 66/288 de l’Assemblée Générale des Nations Unies (AGNU) comme secteur capable de contribuer significativement aux trois dimensions du développement durable. Le tourisme alternatif a beaucoup été étudié dans les îles et les régions balnéaires, les montagnes, les forêts et les parcs. Peu d’études se sont intéressées à cette activité dans les zones désertiques. Ainsi, cette thèse doctorale a pour ambition de déterminer dans quelle mesure les activités liées au tourisme alternatif dans les régions désertiques de Djanet et de Taghit permettent de traiter des enjeux socio-économiques et environnementaux. Aussi, à travers une analyse documentaire et empirique, il sera question de déterminer si les caractéristiques spécifiques à Djanet et à Taghit permettent de comprendre les pratiques du tourisme alternatif.
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Muhammad, Juma Muhammad. "Urbanisme et tourisme à Zanzibar : alternatives urbanistiques du développement touristique." Paris 12, 2006. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002316390204611&vid=upec.
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L'absence d'articulation entre urbanisation et accélération du phénomène touristique provoque une crise dans la ville de Zanzibar. Cette accélération fragilise l'organisation spatiale du tissu urbain et du territoire de l'archipel. Elle réussit cependant à mobiliser les acteurs locaux dans les rapports économiques, socio-culturels et spatiaux. Cette étude s'attache aux sources de cette crise et au dynamisme des acteurs locaux qui participe de l'émergence d'une alternative urbanistique du développement touristique. Nous nous sommes d'abord intéressés à la morphologie urbaine, pour saisir les logiques et les conflits qui sous-tendent l'urbanisation formelle. Nous avons ensuite examiné les relations entre phénomène touristique et espace urbain. Nous nous sommes enfin penchés sur la question plus particulière de l'alternative urbanistique, en nous appuyant sur l'analyse des types architecturaux. Trois types d'habitat, arabe, indien et swahili et leurs rôles dans l'urbanisation touristique sont illustrésThe absence of communication between urbanisation and the acceleration of touristic phenomena provoke a crisis in the city of Zanzibar. This acceleration polarizes the planning of both urban and rural areas of the island. It achieves, however, a mobilization of the local actors in the economic, social, spatial and cultural relations. This research endeavors to understand the source of the crisis and the dynamics of local actors, which participate in the emergence of an alternative urbanization of the touristic development. We have been interested at first with urban morphology in order to grasp both the logic and the conflict underlying the urbanization. We have examined, afterward, the relationship between touristic phenomena and the urban area. We have finally looked particularly into the question of the alternative urbanization, by referring to the analysis of type of architecture. Three types of building are illustrated; arab, india and Swahili. Each is shown in light of theirs role the development of tourism
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Muhammad, Juma Muhammad Frey Jean-Pierre. "Urbanisme et tourisme à Zanzibar alternatives urbanistiques du développement touristique /." Créteil : Université de Paris-Val-de-Marne, 2006. http://doxa.scd.univ-paris12.fr:80/theses/th0231639.htm.
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Martins, Espedito Cezário. "O turismo como alternativa de desenvolvimento sustentável: o caso de Jericoacoara no Ceará." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-26072002-163354/.
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O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi determinar o valor econômico, atribuído pelos visitantes, aos recursos ambientais que compõem a paisagem natural da praia de Jericoacoara, localizada no litoral oeste do Estado do Ceará. Para tanto, aplicou-se o método de avaliação contingente. O levantamento dos dados foi feito na primeira quinzena do mês de janeiro de 2001 e, foram entrevistados 120 turistas que estavam visitando a referida praia. A técnica (o método) utilizada para obtenção da disposição a pagar dos turistas foi a escolha dicotômica ou referendum. O valor médio da disposição a pagar foi calculado utilizando duas abordagens: paramétrica e não-paramétrica. Ambas resultaram em valores da disposição a pagar bastante semelhantes (cerca de R$50,00). No geral, os turistas que visitam Jericoacoara esboçaram um excedente do consumidor significativo. Os benefícios econômicos totais foram estimados multiplicando o valor da disposição a pagar de cada turista pelo número de turistas que visitam Jericoacoara anualmente. Os resultados encontrados mostram que os recursos naturais que compõem a paisagem de Jericoacoara têm um expressivo valor econômico e, podem gerar benefícios econômicos consideráveis. Os valores encontrados podem ser utilizados para justificar o aporte financeiro a projetos que visem a preservação e conservação dos recursos naturais do local, assim como, poderiam ser utilizados para arbitrar valores para multas aos causadores de eventuais desastres ecológicos na área. Portanto, os formuladores de políticas estratégicas para o desenvolvimento turístico de Jericoacoara, necessariamente, precisam tomar decisões baseados em metas eficientemente definidas, procurando estabelecer os limites de crescimento desejáveis e que, ao mesmo tempo, possam proporcionar o desenvolvimento sustentável do local.The main objective of the study was to determine the economic value for the natural resources that comprise the Jericoacoara landscape of the West Coast of Ceara as perceived by the tourists. Data were collected during the month of January of 2001 by interviewing 120 on site tourists. Contingent valuation was used as the general method and dichotomous choice questionnaire as the referendum technique for prices setting. The willingness to pay was evaluated through parametric and non-parametric approaches. Both yielded similar willingness to pay values, that is close to R$ 50,00. In general Jerioacoaras visitors showed a positive consumer surplus. Total economic benefits were evaluated by the product of the visitors willingness to pay times the number of tourists that visited that seashore yearly. Results show that the natural resources that constitute the Jericoacoras landscape are seen as having a positive economic value and are, therefore, able to generate expressive economic benefits. The observed values may be utilized to justify the allocation of funds to implement projects aiming at preserving and conserving the local natural resources as well as be used to determine the value of fines that should be paid by environmental aggressors. Therefore, strategic policy makers have to decide on tourist growth limits for Jericoacora based on sustainable economic goals efficiently defined.
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Kelly, Rachel Renee. "An Evaluation of Tourism as an Alternate Value to Fun Flights." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/146080.
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Fun Flights is a charter flight brokerage company that offers leisure travelers themed, non-stop charter flights to premier destinations in the United States. Fun Flights' benchmarks include commercial airlines and charter flight companies. The functional unit used for comparison is ticket prices. When compared to commercial airlines, Fun Flights promotes leisure travel specifically to premier destinations financially lagging in tourism as of the recent economic downturn. These destinations include Las Vegas, Nevada; Honolulu, Hawaii; Disneyworld and Disneyland. The social trade-off of Fun Flights is increased competition in an already struggling market. Fun Flights is offering an experiential alternate value to leisure travelers by providing a themed, charter flight experience through the use of our online community and social media. Fun Flights will affectively promote travel and tourism to premier destinations throughout the United States that need help recovering from economic recession.
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Šmolíková, Jana. "Ochrana spotřebitele v cestovním ruchu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76422.
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The subject of this thesis is the consumer protection in the tourist industry in the Czech Republic. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part deals with the consumer protection in the Czech Republic in general. There is determined the term "consumer" and stated the list of legal enactments related to this issue. The second part is concerned with some duties of tourism service providers from the view of public law. The third and fundamental part of this thesis deals with contract law in tourism. There are examined the most usual contract types in this area, especially package travel contract. In the last part I mention consumer law enforcement in the Czech Republic. This part is aimed at the Alternative Dispute Resolution Project.
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Lapompe-Paironne, Lionel. "Tourisme de masse et tourisme alternatif : une approche géographique du tourisme par les pratiques : l'exemple de la randonnée en Languedoc-Roussillon." Nice, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008NICE2024.
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La notion de tourisme alternatif est utilisée dans le langage commun comme dans les écrits scientifiques en référence à celle de tourisme de masse. Cette notion émerge en particulier depuis une dizaine d’années autour de pratiques touristiques « différentes », auxquelles on donne des qualificatifs variés : tourisme vert, tourisme équitable, tourisme de nature, écotourisme, tourisme solidaire…Nous proposons de construire un cadre théorique autour de ces deux notions et des grandes « oppositions » qui structurent la pratique touristique, afin de proposer une définition du tourisme alternatif. La randonnée pédestre, parfois appelée trekking, apparaît comme un excellent exemple de tourisme alternatif, car il s’agit d’une pratique diffuse, itinérante et orientée vers la recherche des grandes étendues (montagnes, déserts, régions polaires…). On s’attache donc à analyser la géographie spécifique de cette pratique touristique et le discours des tour-opérateurs spécialisés dans la randonnée. Enfin, le Languedoc-Rousillon constitue une étude de cas intéressante, car cette région française est caractérisé par un « tourisme de masse à la française » depuis les années 1960. Le littoral est occupé irrégulièrement par un tourisme de type concentré, tandis que l’ « arrière-pays » reste un espace de tourisme diffus, où la gradation altitudinale est propice à la pratique de la randonnée. On étudie ainsi les liens entre ces deux grandes pratiques de tourisme à travers la mobilité intra-touristiqueThe notion of alternative tourism is used both in colloquial language and written language, in reference to mass tourism notion. It rises particularly recently, about ten years ago, at the same time of « different » tourist practices which are variously named : green tourism, sustainable tourism, nature tourism, ecotourism…Our purpose is a theoretical approach, in order to give a definition of alternative tourism. Hiking, which can also be named trekking, seems to be a perfect example of alternative tourism, because it is a diffused, nomadic and wide spaces-based kind of tourism (especially in mountains, deserts, and polar regions). We analyse the specific geography of hiking and trekking, and also how the specialized tour-operators hold forth on tourism. Then, we work especially in Languedoc-Roussilon, which is an interesting French region case caracterized by mass tourism since the 1960’s. The coast of this region is irregularly dedicated to mass tourism, while the “hinterland” remains out of the way, and rather dedicated to nature-based tourism as hiking. We analyse the links between these two tourist practices using the concept of mobilité intra-touristique
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Alaoui, Amar. "Le tourisme international en Tunisie : développement, compétitivité dans l'espace méditerranéen, bilan et stratégie alternative." Aix-Marseille 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX32033.
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Depuis les annees 60, les dirigeants politiques tunisiens ont trop mise sur cation liberale en utilisant tous les moyens dont ils disposent. Ce secteur a coute a la societe tunisienne plus qu'il n'en a rapporte. Certes il a cree un certain nombre d'emplois et a contribue a un equilibrage fictif de la balance des paiements, il a par contre entraine des couts economiques, socioculturels et spatiaux qui laissent beaucoup a desirer. Faire marche arriere equivaut a un desastre, poursuivre la meme politique serait aussi desastreux. Cette these propose une strategie alternative basee sur la direction par objectif (d. P. O. ). Laquelle strategie tire sa legitimite a partir du diagnostic interne et externe du tourisme international en tunisieSince 1960, the tunisian politic managers have over-emphased on tourism. They have favoured that development in a logic of liberal planning. Although they have used all means possible this sector have cost more than have brought to the tunisian society. Certainly tourism have created some jobs and have a share in a fictitious trim of the balance of payment, but it have involved many costs in terms of economic, socio-culturel and space effects which leave much to be desired. Run drive back is equivalent to a disaster ; to pursue the same policies of tourism will be disastrous too. This thesis proposes an alternative strategy based on the management by objectives (m. B. O. ). Such strategy is legitimated from an internal and external diagnosis of tunisian international tourism
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Paturusi, Syamsul Alam. "Le problème des impacts culturels du tourisme à Bali (Indonésie) : vers une alternative planificatrice." Pau, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PAUU1002.
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Bali connaît depuis le début des années quatre-vingt, une très forte augmentation du tourisme international. La fréquentation touristique croît de près de vingt pour cent par an. Les effets d'entraînements positifs, et en particulier économiques, sont certains. L'Etat, comme les communautés balinaises, en bénéficient, mais dans quelle mesure ? A qui profite le tourisme international à Bali ? Mais les problèmes de justice distributive ne sont peut-être pas les plus menaçants aujourd'hui pour la société balinaise. La fabrication de Bali, comme haut lieu du tourisme international, n'est pas sans poser de graves problèmes du point de vue des impacts culturels sur la société balinaise. Or, ce qui fragilise la culture balinaise, ce n'est pas, en soi, la forte croissance de la fréquentation touristique, mais le système de planification touristique chargé de la réguler. Le but de cette recherche est de proposer une alternative planificatrice, dans le cadre du tourisme international, qui soit favorable à l'intérêt socioculturel des communautés balinaises, sans négliger l'intérêt économique des acteurs externes. Ce " modèle partagé " ne nie pas la validité des logiques ascendantes et descendantes de la planification. Il se situe précisément là où la pertinence de l'une s'essouffle et nécessite le recours à l'autre pour s'opérer. Le " modèle partagé " tente ainsi de combiner les deux logiques de façon à ce que la question culturelle soit intégrée à la procédure de planification et non externalisée sous la forme de l'impact. La démarche de la thèse sera la suivante : analyse de la situation actuelle du tourisme à Bali et problème des impacts (le fait touristique balinais dans le tourisme international, le système touristique, la planification touristique et les impacts) ; présentation du cadrage théorique (le développement durable, la participation et la planification, l'espace dans la cosmologie balinaise) ; analyse des cas concrets de développements touristiques (l'articulation entre planification, impacts culturels et conditions de la maîtrise locale) ; des modèles existants au modèle partagé (l'analyse des problèmes produits par les modèles existants. En quoi la résolution de ces problèmes conduit à la proposition d'un modèle idéal dont les conditions d'opération sont faibles. Proposition du " modèle partagé ")
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Alaoui, Amar. "Le Tourisme international en Tunisie développement, compétitivité dans l'espace méditerranéen, bilan et stratégie alternative." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37595388b.
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Lima, Josael Jario Santos. "Turismo sustentável, alternativa de desenvolvimento local e conservação ambiental. uma análise interdisciplinar do PRODETUR - Ce." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2003. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/16356.
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LIMA, Josael Jario Santos. Turismo sustentável, alternativa de desenvolvimento local e conservação ambiental. uma análise interdisciplinar do PRODETUR - Ce. 2003. 212 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Pró-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Programa Regional de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente-PRODEMA, Fortaleza-CE, 2003.Submitted by guaracy araujo (guaraa3355@gmail.com) on 2016-04-22T19:51:43Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2003_dis_jjslima.pdf: 1584997 bytes, checksum: a67e400f103ea5367376116a48d72b80 (MD5)
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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-22T19:52:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2003_dis_jjslima.pdf: 1584997 bytes, checksum: a67e400f103ea5367376116a48d72b80 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003
The tourism model conceived and incentivated, for the last eleven eyers, by the government of the state of Ceará (Northeast Brazil), has grounded on the context of a globalized economy, and its characteristcs, resemblance those of the Mexican and Caribbean models, by means of social exclusion, elitism, public space privatization, cultural homogenization, production of not-place without community life or identity ties. Such a model tends to create and to maintain a private appropriation of publics spaces, like beaches and water springs, to accent the desigualitys of income and one region poor, and desprovid of ivestiments the implementation of infra-sruture, a long time in that operate by midle bulky publics expense whitout consulte the society and integrating the interest and need of the greater number of populaion . The present invetigation had the objetive basic the sistemic and sistemattic knowledge in perspective transdisciplinar, the condicions in that went concept e implemented the Tourism Development Program in Northeast of Brazil (PRODETUR-NE) and of Ceará (PRODETURCE), in area prioritary for alacation of investiments public and private in the Region Turistic II on the State of Ceará. A field survey among the social actors in the of Cumbuco/Lagoa do Barro (Caucaia), Pecém (São Gonçalo do Amarante), Paracuru, Lagoinha (Paraipaba), Flecheiras (Trairi) e Baleia (Itapipoca) tried tried to capture their perceptions about real improvements in the population quality of life, through more and better job, wages and income, increased environmental preservacion/conservacion, and stronger cultural assertion, according to the new paradigm of developement sustentable. Next, an attempt was made in order to correlate offcial statistic data with the percepcion captured by above mentione participative and semi-strutured field survey. The results show a fucional and strutural system of turism, with a weak sustainably in the long run, for not ensuring and efetive improvement of the majority of the local population quality of life, for reinforcing negative environmental impacts, socio-space segregacion, cultural the descharacterization, generation and increase of some social problems like infant-juvenile prostitution and drugs traffic, at the same time that tourism job expectations frustrate young people mostly. From all that, restructuring of strategies and priorities is recommended, in order to attain the genuine Local-Integrated- Sustainable Development (LISD), through people’s participation and decentralization of management which empowers local communities.
O modelo de turismo concebido, incentivado e financiado pelo governo do Estado do Ceará nos últimos 11 anos, está inserido no contexto da economia mundializada e, por suas características, assemelhadas com o modelo mexicano e caribenho, se traduz pela exclusão social, elitização e privatização de espaços públicos, homogeneização cultural, produção de não-lugares vazios de vida comunitária e laços identitários próprios. Este modelo tende a criar e manter formas de apropriação privada de espaços públicos, como praias e mananciais, acentuar as desigualdades de renda, numa região pobre e desprovida de investimento para a implementação de uma infra-estrutura, ao mesmo tempo em que opera por meio de vultosos gastos públicos, sem uma consulta à sociedade e integração aos interesses e vontades da maioria da população. A presente investigação teve por objetivo básico o conhecimento sistêmico e sistematizado, na perspectiva transdisciplinar, das condições em que foram concebidos e implementados o Programa de Ação para o Desenvolvimento do Turismo do Nordeste (PRODETUR-NE) e do Ceará (PRODETUR-CE), na área prioritária para a alocação dos investimentos públicos e privados, a Região Turística II do estado do Ceará. Buscou-se captar a percepção dos atores locais nas seis localidades de Cumbuco/Lagoa do Barro (Caucaia), Pecém (São Gonçalo do Amarante), Paracuru, Lagoinha (Paraipaba), Flecheiras (Trairi) e Baleia (Itapipoca), no sentido de descobrir quais os reflexos na efetiva melhoria da qualidade de vida da população, na forma de mais e melhores empregos, salários e renda, maior conservação/preservação ambiental, afirmação cultural e fortalecimento, nos marcos do novo paradigma, do Desenvolvimento Sustentável. Para tal mister, procurou-se analisar os dados estatísticos oficiais, correlacionando-os com a percepção dos atores locais captada através de pesquisa participante e semi-estruturada. Os resultados obtidos revelaram um sistema turístico funcional e estrutural fracamente sustentável e comprometido no longo prazo, por não ter assegurado a efetiva melhoria da qualidade para a maioria da população local, ter acentuado os impactos ambientais negativos, a segregação sócio-espacial, a descaracterização cultural, a geração e aprofundamento de problemas sociais, como a prostituição infanto-juvenil e tráfico de drogas, além de grandes expectativas de empregabilidade que têm frustrado os mais jovens. Com isso, recomendou-se a reformulação de suas estratégias e prioridades, para se alcançar um Desenvolvimento Local Integrado e Sustentável (DLIS), com participação e descentralização da gestão em nível local.
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Lima, Josael Jario Santos. "Turismo sustentÃvel, alternativa de desenvolvimento local e conservaÃÃo ambiental. uma anÃlise interdisciplinar do PRODETUR - Ce." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2003. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1616.
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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgicoO modelo de turismo concebido, incentivado e financiado pelo governo do Estado do Cearà nos Ãltimos 11 anos, està inserido no contexto da economia mundializada e, por suas caracterÃsticas, assemelhadas com o modelo mexicano e caribenho, se traduz pela exclusÃo social, elitizaÃÃo e privatizaÃÃo de espaÃos pÃblicos, homogeneizaÃÃo cultural, produÃÃo de nÃo-lugares vazios de vida comunitÃria e laÃos identitÃrios prÃprios. Este modelo tende a criar e manter formas de apropriaÃÃo privada de espaÃos pÃblicos, como praias e mananciais, acentuar as desigualdades de renda, numa regiÃo pobre e desprovida de investimento para a implementaÃÃo de uma infra-estrutura, ao mesmo tempo em que opera por meio de vultosos gastos pÃblicos, sem uma consulta à sociedade e integraÃÃo aos interesses e vontades da maioria da populaÃÃo. A presente investigaÃÃo teve por objetivo bÃsico o conhecimento sistÃmico e sistematizado, na perspectiva transdisciplinar, das condiÃÃes em que foram concebidos e implementados o Programa de AÃÃo para o Desenvolvimento do Turismo do Nordeste (PRODETUR-NE) e do Cearà (PRODETUR-CE), na Ãrea prioritÃria para a alocaÃÃo dos investimentos pÃblicos e privados, a RegiÃo TurÃstica II do estado do CearÃ. Buscou-se captar a percepÃÃo dos atores locais nas seis localidades de Cumbuco/Lagoa do Barro (Caucaia), PecÃm (SÃo GonÃalo do Amarante), Paracuru, Lagoinha (Paraipaba), Flecheiras (Trairi) e Baleia (Itapipoca), no sentido de descobrir quais os reflexos na efetiva melhoria da qualidade de vida da populaÃÃo, na forma de mais e melhores empregos, salÃrios e renda, maior conservaÃÃo/preservaÃÃo ambiental, afirmaÃÃo cultural e fortalecimento, nos marcos do novo paradigma, do Desenvolvimento SustentÃvel. Para tal mister, procurou-se analisar os dados estatÃsticos oficiais, correlacionando-os com a percepÃÃo dos atores locais captada atravÃs de pesquisa participante e semi-estruturada. Os resultados obtidos revelaram um sistema turÃstico funcional e estrutural fracamente sustentÃvel e comprometido no longo prazo, por nÃo ter assegurado a efetiva melhoria da qualidade para a maioria da populaÃÃo local, ter acentuado os impactos ambientais negativos, a segregaÃÃo sÃcio-espacial, a descaracterizaÃÃo cultural, a geraÃÃo e aprofundamento de problemas sociais, como a prostituiÃÃo infanto-juvenil e trÃfico de drogas, alÃm de grandes expectativas de empregabilidade que tÃm frustrado os mais jovens. Com isso, recomendou-se a reformulaÃÃo de suas estratÃgias e prioridades, para se alcanÃar um Desenvolvimento Local Integrado e SustentÃvel (DLIS), com participaÃÃo e descentralizaÃÃo da gestÃo em nÃvel local.
The tourism model conceived and incentivated, for the last eleven eyers, by the government of the state of Cearà (Northeast Brazil), has grounded on the context of a globalized economy, and its characteristcs, resemblance those of the Mexican and Caribbean models, by means of social exclusion, elitism, public space privatization, cultural homogenization, production of not-place without community life or identity ties. Such a model tends to create and to maintain a private appropriation of publics spaces, like beaches and water springs, to accent the desigualitys of income and one region poor, and desprovid of ivestiments the implementation of infra-sruture, a long time in that operate by midle bulky publics expense whitout consulte the society and integrating the interest and need of the greater number of populaion . The present invetigation had the objetive basic the sistemic and sistemattic knowledge in perspective transdisciplinar, the condicions in that went concept e implemented the Tourism Development Program in Northeast of Brazil (PRODETUR-NE) and of Cearà (PRODETURCE), in area prioritary for alacation of investiments public and private in the Region Turistic II on the State of CearÃ. A field survey among the social actors in the of Cumbuco/Lagoa do Barro (Caucaia), PecÃm (SÃo GonÃalo do Amarante), Paracuru, Lagoinha (Paraipaba), Flecheiras (Trairi) e Baleia (Itapipoca) tried tried to capture their perceptions about real improvements in the population quality of life, through more and better job, wages and income, increased environmental preservacion/conservacion, and stronger cultural assertion, according to the new paradigm of developement sustentable. Next, an attempt was made in order to correlate offcial statistic data with the percepcion captured by above mentione participative and semi-strutured field survey. The results show a fucional and strutural system of turism, with a weak sustainably in the long run, for not ensuring and efetive improvement of the majority of the local population quality of life, for reinforcing negative environmental impacts, socio-space segregacion, cultural the descharacterization, generation and increase of some social problems like infant-juvenile prostitution and drugs traffic, at the same time that tourism job expectations frustrate young people mostly. From all that, restructuring of strategies and priorities is recommended, in order to attain the genuine Local-Integrated- Sustainable Development (LISD), through peopleâs participation and decentralization of management which empowers local communities.
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Li, Xiang. "Examining the antecedents and structure of customer loyalty in a tourism context." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1861.
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Wolwacz, Heinz Natasha. "Vans Warped Tour’s boys club: An analysis of representations of women in alternative music." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1542239624640296.
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Guillaumet, Anne. "La place de la nature dans la société tunisienne post-révolution entre politiques de protection et exploitation touristique : Représentations, approches institutionnelles et pratiques sociales." Thesis, Avignon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AVIG1196.
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En Tunisie, au lendemain de la Révolution de 2011, de nombreuses aires de nature protégées comme les parcs nationaux et les parcs urbains subissent de graves dégradations et actes de vandalisme. Parallèlement, en 2014, la nature devient un droit constitutionnel, et au même moment, dans le secteur du tourisme, s’affirme l’émergence d’une offre touristique plus proche des espaces naturels. Que nous disent ces comportements si contradictoires des relations homme/nature de la société tunisienne post-révolution ? C’est au travers de l’analyse des représentations sociales de la nature que notre recherche se concentre, en s’intéressant en particulier, aux images « iconiques », anciennes et récentes, de la nature (partie 1), aux ambitions des politiques publiques en matière de protection de l’environnement qui se sont succédées depuis l’Indépendance, aux thématiques environnementales portées par les acteurs du débat public post-révolution (politique, associatif, médias) (partie 2), ainsi qu’aux tendances récentes du tourisme tunisien et aux nouvelles pratiques de pleine nature des Tunisiens (partie 3)In Tunisia, in the aftermath of the 2011 Revolution, many protected natural areas such as national and urban parks were severely degraded and vandalized. In parallel, in 2014, nature became a constitutional right and at the same time in the tourism sector, touristic offers more attuned to natural areas emerged. What do these contradictory behaviours tell us about Mankind/Nature relations in post-revolution Tunisian society? Our research focuses on the analysis of the social representations of nature, in particular "iconic" images, old and new, of nature (Part 1), the ambitions of public policies in terms of environmental protection that have followed one another since Independence, the environmental themes promoted by the actors of the post- revolution public debate (political, associative, media) (Part 2), as well as recent trends in Tunisian tourism and the new outdoor activities of the Tunisian people (Part 3)
En Túnez, después de la Révolution de 2011, muchas áreas de naturaleza protegida como los parques nacionales y los parques urbanos enfrentan graves degradaciones y actos de vandalismo. En paralelo, en 2014, la naturaleza se vuelve un derecho constitucional, y al mismo tiempo, en el sector del turismo, se nota la aparición de una oferta turística más cerca de los espacios naturales. ¿ Que nos enseñan estos comportamientos tan contradictorios de las relaciones entre humano/naturaleza en la sociedad tunecina post-revolución ? Es a través del estudio de las representaciones sociales que nuestra investigación se centra, prestando más interés, a las imágenes « icónicas », antiguas y recientes, de la naturaleza (parte 1), a las ambiciones de las políticas públicas en el sector de la protección del medio ambiente que se produjeron desde la independencia, a las temáticas ambientales apoyadas por los actores del debate público post-revolución (político, asociativo, prensa) (parte 2), así como las recientes tendencias del turismo tunecino y las nuevas prácticas en plena naturaleza de los tunecinos (parte 3)
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Sadki, Maâti. "Développement touristique : la démarche marketing comme alternative au montage d'un projet d'aménagement : application au cas de la province d'Azilal située dans le Haut Atlas marocainSous la direction d'André Dauphine et Loïc Rognant." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE2012.
Full textAbstract:
Pendant longtemps, les projets d'aménagement touristique se sont concentrés sur la planification physique ou de simples aspects économiques. Il manquait toute une information sur les aspects sociaux, économiques, commerciaux et écologiques. Il en résulte que plusieurs équipements et installations touristiques ont été implantés sans aucune référence à un cadre organisé de l'espace, ni prise en compte des exigences et des préférences de la demande touristique. D'où un amoncellement et une mauvaise utilisation de l'espace touristique ; la dégradation et la défiguration des paysages naturels et de l'environnement et le manque d'impact et d'intérêt des campagnes promotionnelles engagées. Afin de pallier ces lacunes, la démarche marketing constitue la meilleure alternative possible car elle permet d'assurer cohérence, harmonie, pertinence et réussite à tout projet d'aménagement et de développement touristique. Nous avons choisi cette démarche dans le cas de la province d'Azilal (Haut-Atlas marocain) qui dispose d'un capital tourisitique préservé, des ressources naturelles riches et variées, un patrimoine culturel et architectural original, un milieu humain accueillant et hospitalier, ce qui ne manquera pas d'attirer le cisiteur en quête de repos, détente, évasion ou action.