Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Alternative therapies'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Alternative therapies.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Alternative therapies.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Ільїна, Галина Самуіловна, Галина Самуиловна Ильина, Halyna Samuilovna Ilina, and V. Budko. "A look at alternative therapies." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/18299.
Full text
2
Fahlquist, Jeannie Marlene. "Alternative therapies for individuals with dementia." Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/fahlquist/FahlquistJ0508.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Dementia is a chronic insidious disease that destroys the individual's cognitive, emotional and mental abilities. Ultimately, the individual is unable to appropriately verbalize basic wants and needs; therefore, behavioral symptoms become the way of communicating. Behavioral symptoms vary greatly from passivity to hostility and aggression. Unfortunately, due to the difficult task of caring for these individuals many families must place their loved ones in a long-term care facility for direct supervision. Long-term care facilities often use chemical restraints in order to treat the behavioral problems. Thus, with the use of pharmacologic restraints quality of care is diminished. This professional paper will discuss three alternative therapies that, through research studies, have been found to provide optimal quality of care for the individual with dementia. The three therapies that will be examined are Music Therapy, Snoezelen Therapy and Validation Therapy. These alternative therapies will be taught to staff in two nursing homes and one assisted living facility in a western community in Montana. The use of educational brochures and a multi sensory table will be used for the three in-services. There will be a telephone follow-up six months after the in-service to determine if any of the alternative therapies were used. The telephone follow-up revealed that there was a high degree of turnover with staff as well as administration. The results of the study established the need for ongoing in-services for alternative therapies due to the high turnover rate.
3
Jansson, Lizette, and Maria Nikander. "Alternativ behandling vid depression och ångest hos vuxna : En deskriptiv litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-20788.
Full textAbstract:
Bakgrund: Depression och ångest är två vanliga folksjukdomar. Omkring 350 miljoner människor globalt beräknas vara drabbade av depression. Var fjärde människa upplever någon gång under sitt liv ångest. Depression och ångest orsakar tillsammans ett stort vårdbehov i Sverige och i övriga delar av världen. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva alternativ behandling vid depression och ångest hos vuxna samt att granska datainsamlingsmetoden i litteraturstudiens ingående artiklar. Metod: En litteraturstudie med deskriptiv design. Efter sökningar i PubMed och Cinahl identifierades 14 vetenskapliga artiklar. Dessa artiklar granskades utifrån föreliggande studies syfte och frågeställningar, och utgör resultatet i föreliggande studie. Huvudresultat: Huvudresultatet i denna litteraturstudie visade att det fanns fyra former av alternativ behandling. Dessa var Yoga, Mindfulness, Akupunktur samt Växter, kosttillskott och naturopatisk vård. Vid granskning av metodologiska aspekten framkom att enkäter använts i majoriteten av studierna. Även en semistrukturerad intervju kunde ses som datainsamlingsmetod. Slutsats: Föreliggande studies resultat visar att det finns fyra olika alternativa behandlingsformer som kan ha positiv effekt på depression och-/eller ångest. Dessa är; Yoga, Mindfulness, Akupunktur samt Växter, kosttillskott och naturopatisk vård. Sjuksköterskan har en viktig roll i vårdandet av patienter med depression och ångest. Det bör finnas ett intresse hos sjuksköterskan att ha kunskap om alternativ behandling, detta för att bland annat kunna optimera patientens omvårdnad och egenvård. Dock behövs mer forskning inom området alternativ behandling.Background: Depression and anxiety are two common diseases. About 350 million people globally are calcuated to be affected by depression. Every fourth person will experience anxiety sometime in their lifes. Depression and anxiety cause together a large demand for care in Sweden and in other parts of the world. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe alternative therapies in adults with depression and anxiety and to examine the data acquisitions of the articles. Method: A literature review with descriptive design. After searching in the databases PubMed and Cinahl, 14 research articles were identified. These articles were examined by the aim and the issues, and compose the result of the present study. Results: The main result of this literature review showed four forms of alternative therapies. These were Yoga, Mindfulness, Acupuncture and Plants, supplements and naturopathic care. The examination of the methodological aspect showed that questionnaires were used in the majority of the studies. Also a semi-structured interview could be seen to collect data. Conclusion: The present study results show that there are four different forms of alternative therapies that can have a positivt effect on depression and-/or anxiety. These are; Yoga, Mindfulness, Acupuncture and Plants, supplements and naturopathic care. The nurse have an important role in caring of patients with depression and anxiety. Therefor the nurse should have an interest in the knowledge of alternative therapies, to optimate caring and self-care for patients. There’s a need of more research in the area of alternative therapies.
4
Bonilla, Carmona Karla Michelle. "Systematic Review of Alternative Therapies to Treat Cancer Pain." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6523.
Full textAbstract:
Cancer pain is a complex symptom that affects the quality of life of oncology patients, caregivers, and families. The limitations of pain management treatment for cancer patients can be attributed to the lack of knowledge and availability of nonpharmacological treatments. The purpose of this project was to identify and gather evidence on the effectiveness of nonpharmacological interventions in the treatment of cancer pain using the methodology of a systematic review. Watson's theory of human caring supported the project by incorporating the perception of treating the human being holistically during the illness process. The Johns Hopkins nursing evidence-based practice model provided a structured approach to address the practice problem and practice-focused question. The tools used to assess the quality and synthesize the findings of the studies were the Research and Evidence Appraisal Tool and the Synthesis Process and Recommendations Tool. The practice-focused question explored whether nonpharmacological interventions could be used to complement opioid treatments for cancer pain. A systematic review of the literature indicated 11 studies in which 2 interventions--music therapy and exercise--addressed the practice-focused question. Psychological distress, decreased physical function, and decreased involvement in social activities can all be attributed to the poor management of cancer pain. The study of alternatives to opioids could support social change by increasing the knowledge of healthcare professionals and the range of treatment options for pain management in cancer patients.
5
Low, Jacqueline. "The experiences of people who use alternative therapies : a symbolic interactionist analysis /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0034/NQ66220.pdf.
Full text
6
Ortiz-Cintron, Hector. "Use of Complementary and Alternative Therapies: A Pilot Survey." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/1630.
Full textAbstract:
Meeting patient expectations in relation to pain management is an essential component of palliative and end-of-life care. However, previous research has demonstrated that pain is highly prevalent, especially during the four months prior to death. Poorly controlled pain contributes to cognitive failure, depression and an inability to complete daily activities. Unfortunately, pain and symptom management are often inadequate for patients placed in hospice care. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the perspectives of hospice nurses on complementary and alternative therapies to determine if there is an educational need in order to aide in the management of chronic pain in older adults. A survey was developed in order to determine the nursing perceptions of complementary and alternative therapies. A total of 24 participants were recruited. The survey targeted 28 complementary and alternative therapies most commonly used as defined by National Institute for Complementary and Alternative Medicines (NCCAM). Each therapy was ranked on several aspects including perceptions, personal experience, and present knowledge and training. After completing the survey it was found that all participants were either eager or open to use some complementary and alternative therapies in their workplace, in spite of having an educational barrier on how to implement them, and wanted these therapies to become available to patients, families, and staff.B.S.N.
Bachelors
Nursing
Nursing
7
Catarucci, Fernanda Martin [UNESP]. "Autocura metafisica: revisão integrativa." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98389.
Full textAbstract:
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Previous issue date: 2013-07-05Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:17:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1
catarucci_fm_me_botfm.pdf: 322964 bytes, checksum: e61542a10a6bed05d1e3c1af21fbbea4 (MD5)Este estudo consiste de uma revisão integrativa da literatura nacional e internacional sobre autocura metafísica, publicada no período de 2001 a 2011. Está alicerçado metodologicamente nas fases propostas por Ganong (1987): seleção das hipóteses, estabelecimento de critérios para seleção da amostra, apresentação das características da pesquisa primária, análise dos dados, interpretação dos resultados e apresentação da revisão. Realizou-se busca on-line dos trabalhos científicos nas bases de dados: Lilacs, Medline,Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus; com as palavras-chave: “Autocura”, “Autocura e Terapias Complementares” e “Autocura e Terapias Integrativas”. Foram incluídos artigos completos, nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol, e excluídos os artigos incompletos, que se repetiram entre as bases de dados e que não fossem pertinentes ao objeto de estudo, resultando numa amostra composta por 89 artigos. A análise de conteúdo na vertente temática proposta por Bardin (2011) foi utilizada como estratégia metodológica qualitativa para organizar os dados. A caracterização do corpus de análise, apresentada em nove tabelas e submetidas à análise estatística descritiva, aponta uma produção majoritária de publicações internacionais (93%), com predomínio da língua inglesa (94%), das quais 39% são oriundas dos Estados Unidos. O método quantitativo foi predominante (66%) em relação ao qualitativo (34%) sendo 69,5% transversais e 30,5% prospectivos. O número de publicações apresentou crescimento até 2008 (18%), mas a partir de 2009 ocorre uma queda de mais da metade do número de publicações (8%), principalmente da metodologia qualitativa que não apresentou nenhum estudo nos últimos dois anos (2010 e 2011). A análise qualitativa desvelou três categorias: “características dos usuários de práticas regidas pelos princípios da autocura”...
This research consists of an integrative review of national and international literature about metaphysical self-healing, published between the years 2001 to 2011. The methodology is grounded on the phases proposed by Ganong (1987): selection of hypotheses, establishing criteria for sample selection, presentation of the characteristics of the primary research, data analysis, interpretation and presentation of the results of the review. The online search on scientific work on these databases: Lilacs, Medline, Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus, using the keywords: Self-healing, Self-Healing and Complementary Therapies and Self- Healing and Integrative Therapies”. Full articles were included, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, and incomplete articles, which were repeated between databases and were not relevant to the study object, resulting in a sample of 89 articles. Content analysis of the thematic side proposed by Bardin (2011) was used as a qualitative methodological strategy to organize the data. The characterization of the corpus analysis, presented in nine tables and subjected to statistical analysis, it points to a production majority of international publications (93%), with a language predominance of English (94%), of which 39% are from the United States. The quantitative method was predominantly (66%) compared to qualitative (34%) with 69.5% and 30.5% prospective cross. The number of publications grew by 2008 (18%), but since 2009, there is a decrease of more than half on numbers of publications (8%), mainly qualitative methodology presented no studies in the past two years (2010 and 2011). Qualitative analysis unveiled three categories: characteristics of users of practices governed by the principles of self-healing, the relationship between health professionals... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
8
Catarucci, Fernanda Martin. "Autocura metafisica : revisão integrativa /." Botucatu, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/98389.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Regina Stella SpagnuoloCoorientador: Ione Morita
Banca: Eliana Mara Braga
Banca: Alberto Peribanez Gonzalez
Resumo: Este estudo consiste de uma revisão integrativa da literatura nacional e internacional sobre autocura metafísica, publicada no período de 2001 a 2011. Está alicerçado metodologicamente nas fases propostas por Ganong (1987): seleção das hipóteses, estabelecimento de critérios para seleção da amostra, apresentação das características da pesquisa primária, análise dos dados, interpretação dos resultados e apresentação da revisão. Realizou-se busca on-line dos trabalhos científicos nas bases de dados: Lilacs, Medline,Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus; com as palavras-chave: "Autocura", "Autocura e Terapias Complementares" e "Autocura e Terapias Integrativas". Foram incluídos artigos completos, nos idiomas português, inglês ou espanhol, e excluídos os artigos incompletos, que se repetiram entre as bases de dados e que não fossem pertinentes ao objeto de estudo, resultando numa amostra composta por 89 artigos. A análise de conteúdo na vertente temática proposta por Bardin (2011) foi utilizada como estratégia metodológica qualitativa para organizar os dados. A caracterização do corpus de análise, apresentada em nove tabelas e submetidas à análise estatística descritiva, aponta uma produção majoritária de publicações internacionais (93%), com predomínio da língua inglesa (94%), das quais 39% são oriundas dos Estados Unidos. O método quantitativo foi predominante (66%) em relação ao qualitativo (34%) sendo 69,5% transversais e 30,5% prospectivos. O número de publicações apresentou crescimento até 2008 (18%), mas a partir de 2009 ocorre uma queda de mais da metade do número de publicações (8%), principalmente da metodologia qualitativa que não apresentou nenhum estudo nos últimos dois anos (2010 e 2011). A análise qualitativa desvelou três categorias: "características dos usuários de práticas regidas pelos princípios da autocura"... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This research consists of an integrative review of national and international literature about metaphysical self-healing, published between the years 2001 to 2011. The methodology is grounded on the phases proposed by Ganong (1987): selection of hypotheses, establishing criteria for sample selection, presentation of the characteristics of the primary research, data analysis, interpretation and presentation of the results of the review. The online search on scientific work on these databases: Lilacs, Medline, Web of Science, Pubmed, Scopus, using the keywords: "Self-healing", "Self-Healing and Complementary Therapies" and "Self- Healing and Integrative Therapies". Full articles were included, in Portuguese, English or Spanish, and incomplete articles, which were repeated between databases and were not relevant to the study object, resulting in a sample of 89 articles. Content analysis of the thematic side proposed by Bardin (2011) was used as a qualitative methodological strategy to organize the data. The characterization of the corpus analysis, presented in nine tables and subjected to statistical analysis, it points to a production majority of international publications (93%), with a language predominance of English (94%), of which 39% are from the United States. The quantitative method was predominantly (66%) compared to qualitative (34%) with 69.5% and 30.5% prospective cross. The number of publications grew by 2008 (18%), but since 2009, there is a decrease of more than half on numbers of publications (8%), mainly qualitative methodology presented no studies in the past two years (2010 and 2011). Qualitative analysis unveiled three categories: "characteristics of users of practices governed by the principles of self-healing", "the relationship between health professionals... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
9
Almeida, Ana Paula. "Canto Gregoriano como redutor de ansiedade das mães de crianças hospitalizadas: estratégia para a enfermagem." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-06102010-130624/.
Full textAbstract:
A música exerce efeitos diversos no nosso organismo como terapêutica complementar. Quando uma mãe tem um filho hospitalizado, sente-se insegura e com medo do futuro, gerando ansiedade. Este estudo objetivou verificar se o canto Gregoriano altera o estado de ansiedade de mães com filhos internados. Pesquisa do tipo descritiva, exploratória, correlacional com análise quantitativa, quase-experimental em uma unidade de internação de especialidades de hospital governamental de grande porte, pediátrico de atenção quaternária. A unidade é para atendimento a convenios empresariais, com 15 leitos ativos. Amostra inicial composta por 71 mães, sendo que 28 concluíram todas as etapas da coleta de dados. A mãe foi convidada, pessoalmente, a participar da pesquisa e após o aceite do convite, assinou o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido e preencheu o Inventário de Diagnóstico de Ansiedade Traço. Foram agendados dois encontros no quarto individual do próprio paciente para a realização da audição musical de canto Gregoriano com utilização de equipamento digital e uso de fones de ouvido. Também foram respondidos o formulário de identificação do sujeito da pesquisa contendo dados pessoais, dados relacionados ao filho internado e informações sonoro-musicais e o Inventário de Diagnóstico de Ansiedade Estado antes e após cada audição musical. A primeira audição musical foi com, no mínimo, 48 horas de internação e a segunda audição musical foi agendada 48 horas após a primeira. A pesquisadora permaneceu no quarto nos primeiros e nos últimos 5 minutos da audição musical das mães. Os dados foram armazenados em planilha Excel for Windows Explorer® e analisados em programa SPSS - Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - Versão 18.0. Foram realizadas análises estatísticas descritivas através de: teste de normalidade (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), correlação de Pearson entre os escores da escala de ansiedade; análise de variância (ANOVA ONE WAY) para comparar os escores da escala de ansiedade; teste t de student para comparar as médias entre os escores e as variáveis sócio-demográficas. Adotado o nível de 5% de significância nas análises estatísticas. Na primeira audição musical verificou-se que 25(89,2%) mães tiveram seu estado de ansiedade diminuidos e na segunda audição musical, 25(89,2%) continuaram a ter seu estado de ansiedade diminuído. Apesar de não permitir generalizações devido o número limitado de mães participantes deste estudo, pôde-se concluir que a utilização do canto Gregoriano diminui o estado de ansiedade das mães de crianças hospitalizadas em um hospital pediátrico de atenção quaternária acomodados em quartos individuais. É necessário que se amplie o estudo dos estilos musicais para sua aplicabilidade na assistência de enfermagem com mães de crianças hospitalizadas.The Music exerts different effects on our body, such as complement therapy. When the mother have hospitalized child feel insecurity and fear of the future, causing anxiety. This research aimed to verify if the Gregorian chant changes the state of anxiety of mothers with hospitalized children. Descriptive research, exploratory, correlational with quantitative analysis, almost-experimental, done in large-sized teaching hospital in units of quaternary care pediatric specialties, with 15 active beds, whose focus of attendance are business and individual agreements. Initial sample composed of 71 mothers, but only 28 mothers completed all stages of the data collection. Mothers were invited personally to participate in the study and after agreeing to sign the Informed Consent to fill the Diagnostic Inventory Trait Anxiety. Two meetings were scheduled in the patient bedroon individual, so they listened the Gregorian chant with the use of Digital Equipment and headphones. They were also answered the identification form the subject of the investigation that contains personal data relating to child boarding and sound-musical information and the Diagnostic Inventory State Anxiety before and after each listening session. The listening session was first with at least 48 hours of hospitalization and the second listening session was scheduled 48 hours after the fisrt. The researher stay in the room at the first and the last five minutes of music listening mothers. The datas were stored in Excel spreadsheet for Windows Explorer ® and analyzed in SPSS - Statistical Package for the Social Sciences - Version 18.0. Descriptive statistical analysis were carried out through: test of normality (Kolmogorov-Smirnov), Pearson correlation between the scores of the anxiety scale, analysis of variance (ANOVA - ONE WAY) to compare the scores of the anxiety scale; test t student to compare means between the scores and socio-demographic variables. Adopted 5% level of significance in statistical analysis. At the first listening session was verified that 25 (89.2%) mothers had decreased their anxiety state and the second listening session, 25 (89.2%) continued their state of anxiety decreased. Despite not allow generalizations due to the limited number of mothers participating in this study, so it was concluded that the use of Gregorian chant decreases anxiety of mothers with children hospitalized in quaternary care pediatric hospital accommodated in rooms individualized. It is necessary to broaden the study of musical styles to applicate in nursing care com mothers of hospitalized children.
10
Jakes, Daniel. "The Perceptions and Experiences of Acupuncture users: A New Zealand Perspective." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Health Sciences, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9156.
Full textAbstract:
The use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) is now widespread and endeavours are increasingly being made to incorporate CAM into conventional healthcare and move towards Integrative Medicine (IM). To date research has primarily focused on the prevalence of use, and safety and efficacy of CAM; less is known about patients' experiences of and reasons for using specific therapies. While therapeutically diverse, it has been suggested that many CAM modalities share mutually referential ideologies and that people who use them may be motivated to do so by specific health beliefs.
This study focuses on traditional acupuncture in a New Zealand context and investigates users' experiences and perceptions of the therapy, and discusses how personal health beliefs influence usage.
A systematic review of relevant international qualitative research informed the main study, which was carried out using an interpretive phenomenological methodology (Heidegger's approach). Data was gathered from interviews with 12 participants who had recently received treatment from traditionally trained (non-biomedical) acupuncturists.
Thematic analysis suggested that acupuncture was often sought for health conditions (typically of a chronic and benign nature) that are difficult to treat conventionally. Whereas initial access was primarily motivated by ineffective biomedical treatment, personal health beliefs-particularly subscription to holistic and vitalistic ideologies-often inspired more extensive and ongoing use. The therapeutic encounter was interpreted to contain many elements-other than needling-integral to treatment. Outcomes were perceived to be wide ranging, personal and necessarily subjective, and included the relief of symptoms, increased well-being, and changes to understandings and health behaviours.
It is concluded that the attraction of acupuncture for patients and many of its perceived benefits lie in therapeutic components that are ultimately embedded in Chinese medicine (holistic) theories of health. A more pluralistic schema for assessing evidence may be necessary to acknowledge treatment outcomes that are meaningful to patients, and to accommodate the divergent ontologies and practice models of acupuncture, other CAMs and biomedicine. Increased interdisciplinary cooperation and communication is suggested as a means to improve patient safety and satisfaction and as a scenario for moving forward with IM.
11
Rosinha, Daniela Leandra da Silva. "Fibromialgia, retrospectiva e novos desafios." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/4838.
Full textAbstract:
Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências FarmacêuticasA fibromialgia é uma doença crónica do foro músculo-esquelético com origem ainda desconhecida. Esta doença pode apresentar vários sintomas como dor, fadiga, alterações de comportamento, ansiedade, depressão, alteração do sono, por exemplo. O diagnóstico desta doença nem sempre é fácil porque os sintomas relatados pelos doentes são muitas vezes característicos de outras doenças, podendo levar a um diagnóstico errado. O tratamento da doença é sintomático com objectivo de diminuir todos os sintomas para que os doentes possam ter uma qualidade de vida melhor. São normalmente utilizados fármacos com actividade analgésica fraca ou forte consoante a intensidade da dor, antidepressivos, ansiolíticos, anticonvulsivantes e relaxantes musculares. A terapia farmacológica sozinha muitas vezes não é totalmente eficaz, havendo necessidade de recorrer a terapias alternativas como a acupunctura, prática de exercício físico, terapia usando laser, entre outras. Apesar de existirem alguns estudos sobre a fibromialgia, ainda há um longo caminho a percorrer para se entender completamente esta doença. Fibromyalgia is a chronic musculoskeletal disorders with unknown origin. This disease can have symptoms such as pain, fatigue, behavior changes, anxiety, depression, sleep disturbance, for example. The diagnosis of this disease is not always easy because the symptoms reported by patients are often characteristic of other diseases and may lead to misdiagnosis. Treatment of the disease is symptomatic with the aim of reducing all symptoms so that patients can have a better quality of life. Are commonly used drugs with analgesic activity weak or strong depending on the intensity of pain, antidepressants, anxiolytics, anticonvulsants and muscle relaxants. The pharmacological therapy alone is often not fully effective, no need to resort to alternative therapies such as acupuncture, physical exercise, using laser therapy, among others. Although there are some studies on fibromyalgia, there is still a long way to go to fully understand this disease.
12
Rudolph, Cindy Ann. "A study of the benefits of cancer patients engaging in complementary therapies." Online version, 2002. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2002/2002rudolphc.pdf.
Full text
13
Blevins, Joshua David. "West Virginians' perceptions and use of complementary medicine." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1751.
Full text
14
Aucamp, Charle M. "The use of complementary and alternative therapies among adult HIV positive patients in an outpatient setting." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/758.
Full text
15
McNinch, Deborah A. "Patients' Perspectives on Discussing Complementary and Alternative Medicine Therapies With Conventional Doctors." ScholarWorks, 2011. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/946.
Full textAbstract:
Currently, little is known about patients' perceptions and beliefs in discussing complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) with their conventional medical (CM) doctor. The purpose of this descriptive research was to show whether CAM-using patients have an interest in discussing CAM treatments with their CM doctor for comprehensive care as described by the health belief model (HBM) constructs of perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, and perceived benefits of taking action. A sample of 165 participants age 18 or older from 2 chiropractic clinics in the midwestern United States completed a Likert-scaled survey. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression to determine if there is a relationship between the variables of the need for a CAM discussion with a CM as the outcome using HBM constructs as the independent variables. The primary findings from this study were that (a) the participants were interested in discussing CAM with their physicians, with the majority of the participants stating that they discussed CAM either often (33.5%) or always (29.3%); and (b) perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, and perceived benefits of taking action were not predictive of a CAM discussion. Future studies should be conducted to (a) examine samples with varying demographic characteristics to assess the generalizability of the current findings; and (b) to include additional predictors of CAM discussions from the HBM such as barriers, cues to action, and self-efficacy. The results of this study add to the limited literature on CAM usage and may prompt future research. Implications for positive social change include understanding patient interest in discussing CAM which can help improve the overall quality of patient service.
16
Russell, Raymond Thomas. "The role of complementary therapies in the self-management of chronic bronchial asthma : a controlled study." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261038.
Full text
17
Minhas, Gurjeet S., University of Western Sydney, and School of Health and Nursing. "Complementary therapies : familiarity and use by midwives and women." THESIS_XXXX_SHN_Minhas_G.xml, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/513.
Full textAbstract:
This study is an exploratory study, descriptive in nature and investigates the familiarity and practices of midwives and women with regard to complementary therapies during pregnancy and labour. The study was conducted in four major hospitals in Western Sydney, namely Nepean, Jamieson, Blue Mountains Anzac Memorial and Hawkesbury hospitals. The findings showed that in the main the midwives and women were familiar and made use of four therapies, ie. aromatherapy, massage, music and hydrotherapy. The midwives practiced without any significant training in these therapies. Hospital policies were almost non existant in relation to the practice of complementary therapies and nurses often felt frustrated at not being able to implement complementary therapies. The main issues that emerged from the study were the need for education for the midwives related to specific complementary therapies, hospital policies conducive to the practice of complementary therapies and research into the efficacy of the different complementary therapies. The women need further exposure to complementary therapies and education in the respective therapies if they are to feel empowered in dealing with the stress of their daily livesMaster of Nursing (Hons)
18
Lai, Yu-Wen. "Transcriptomic analysis of synergy between antifungal drugs and iron chelators for alternative antifungal therapies." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17064.
Full textAbstract:
There is an urgent need to improve the efficacy and range of antifungal drugs due to a global increase in invasive fungal infections, which are difficult to treat and are associated with high rates of mortality. Developing new drugs is expensive and time consuming and synergistic therapies that enhance the efficacy of current drugs are an alternative approach. Iron chelators have been used as antifungal synergents in salvage therapy, however, how these cause synergy are unknown. This thesis aims to use a transcriptomic approach to understand the mechanistic detail of antifungal-chelator synergy in the pathogen Cryptococcus to find potential antifungal targets. It focuses on amphotericin B (AMB) and lactoferrin (LF) synergy and voriconazole (VRC) and EDTA antagonism upon screening the interactions of various antifungal - chelator combinations in Cryptococcus. LF was found to enhance the antifungal effect of AMB in two ways: via the dysregulation of stress responses and metal homeostasis that disrupted the cell’s ability to mount an appropriate stress response, and by overwhelming the cell’s stress response via the cumulative strain from ER stress, disruption of transmembrane transport processes and increased metal dysregulation. Metal homeostasis was vital to both processes and the direct disruption of metal homeostasis, via deletion of iron (Aft1, Cir1 and HapX) and zinc (Zap1 and Zap104) regulating transcription factors, resulted in increased AMB susceptibility. Analysis of drug-binding domains in Zap1 and Zap104 found these to contain druggable sites and be potential antifungal drug targets. EDTA in the presence of VRC was found to disrupt mitochondrial functions along with an up-regulation of drug efflux genes, suggesting a potential mechanism of antagonism by mediating the efflux of intracellular VRC. Overall, metal regulation is important for resisting antifungal stress and is a potential antifungal strategy, where Zap1 is a potential antifungal drug target.
19
Robinson, Nathalie J. "Low-temperature pausing : an alternative short-term preservation method for use in cell therapies." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2016. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/25183.
Full textAbstract:
With encouraging advancements in cell therapies, there is a requirement for an effective short-term cell preservation method, enabling time for quality assurance testing and transport to their clinical destination. This project aims to pause cells at ambient temperatures, whilst maintaining viability and function post-preservation. Ambient cell preservation bypasses ice crystal exposure and toxic solute concentrations experienced with cryogenic storage. Storage in ambient conditions also avoids use of toxic cryoprotectants and aims to greatly reduce costs and reliability on specialist machinery. Early work used HOS TE85 cells (derived from an osteosarcoma) as a model. When atmospheric factors were controlled, HOS TE85 cells demonstrated effective recovery in terms of morphology, membrane integrity (viability >90%) and fold growth expansion when paused at ambient temperature for up to 144 hours. Without atmospheric control, addition of the buffering agent HEPES (25mM) to cell medium was required to keep viability above 70%, as well as to maintain yield and continual passage following 144 hours pausing. The pausing potential of therapeutically relevant human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) from three individual donors (M2, M3 and M4) was tested by keeping cells in suspension for up to 72 hours. Using standard medium with the addition of 25mM HEPES, average membrane integrity was maintained above 70%. Following pausing for between 24 72 hours, hMSC attachment efficiency, immunophenotype and tri-lineage differentiation capacity (osteogenesis, adipogenesis and chondrogenesis) remained similar to non-paused cells. Apart from a short lag phase on the first passage, hMSC fold growth expansion level was consistent with the control for all three donors over 3 x 6 day passages. The colony forming unit (CFU) efficiency of paused cells was significantly reduced when compared with non-paused M2 and M4 lines, whilst M3 retained a similar CFU efficiency to its non-paused counterpart. On return to normal culture conditions, hMSCs had comparable metabolic activity rates with non-paused cells for up to 9 hours. Stable pH is vital during pausing and additional antioxidants or apoptotic inhibiters may be required to keep average viability well-above the 70% threshold, set by the US Food and Drug Administration. Collectively, results have been encouraging and show potential for the movement towards using ambient temperature preservation as an option for the short-term storage and transport of cells for therapy.
20
Hoyt, Kaleigh. "Raptors and Humans: Exploring Alternative Therapies in Non-Clinical Environments using Birds of Prey." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7307.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to deconstruct current conceptions about animal-assisted interventions by investigating relationships between human beings and birds of prey. Interactions between birds of prey, or “raptors,” provide novel cases from which to reexamine failed attempts to provide empirical data in support of alternative therapies. Previous research addressing the efficacy of animal-assisted interventions is simply not robust enough to be considered a feasible treatment option by medical professionals. By extension, models of self-regulation in psychology are often presented using reductionist models and oversimplified therapeutic outcomes. Taken together, raptor-human relationships help to highlight the shortcomings of each, as well as potential solutions towards developing comprehensive frameworks for measuring efficacy of multispecies interactions.
This study was conducted at a small nature park in Largo, FL where a number of native raptor species are housed, cared for, and trained each day by volunteers. These volunteers made up the sample size for this study with forty participants (n = 40) between the ages of eighteen and seventy five. Drawing on both my own experiences as a raptor handler, as well as the qualitative data collected from volunteers, I employed a neuroanthropological approach to reveal underlying dynamics of the program via a two-stage research plan. Stage 1 of the study addresses the Raptor Program itself in facilitating human-animal interactions. Stage 2 addresses the mechanisms at play during firsthand encounters with birds of prey. Findings suggest that programmatic and regulatory drivers within the program must operate together, often simultaneously, for an animal-assisted intervention organization to be successful. Further, this study calls for the ongoing development of novel methodological approaches in future research to determine the efficacy of animal-assisted interventions at large.
21
Goldberger, Trina Suzanne, and Diane Marie Waters. "The benefits of wilderness experience for mental health: An exploratory study on nature-based therapies." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1648.
Full text
22
Kerdemelidis, Savvas. "Deadly gaps in the patent system : an analysis of current and alternative mechanisms for incentivising development of medical therapies." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Law, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/9826.
Full textAbstract:
The cost of medicines imposes a significant financial burden on society, with New Zealand spending $783.6 million between 2012 and 2013 alone. The majority of these costs are due to the monopoly prices charged for new patented drugs. The pharmaceutical industry argues that these high prices are necessary to recover the costs of drug development, which can exceed a billion dollars for a single drug. Because new medicines are relatively cheap to reverse-engineer and manufacture, in absence of a minimum period of exclusivity provided by patents, it is alleged that it would not be commercially viable to develop new medicines.
Most criticisms of the patent system relate to the high prices charged for patented medicines. However, there is another issue which has received limited academic commentary to date, namely, whether the pharmaceutical industry’s reliance on patents means that otherwise socially valuable medical therapies are being screened out or ignored, and whether alternative incentive mechanisms are needed to address this problem.
The aim of this thesis is to address this issue. First, the laws applicable to patentability and regulatory approval of new medicines will be discussed, with a focus on New Zealand and the United States. Second, evidence will be provided for the existence of three broad categories of medical therapies which lack private incentives for development under the current patent system: unpatentable therapies, unmonopolisable therapies and unprofitable therapies. Other problems with the reliance on patent monopolies will also be discussed. Third, the process of pharmaceutical reimbursement that is used to determine the price of medicines under the current system will be described, and a set of criteria will be proposed for an ideal incentive system, against which the current system is compared. Fourth, alternative incentive mechanisms for medical therapies comprising exclusivity-based ‘pull’ incentives, prize-based ‘pull’ incentives, and publicly funded ‘push’ incentives, will be analysed and ranked against these ideal criteria. This thesis concludes by proposing two legislative frameworks as part of an optimal incentive system alongside the current patent system, namely, extended regulatory exclusivity for incentivising unpatentable therapies and a prize-based mechanism combined with increased public funding for incentivising unmonopolisable and unprofitable therapies.
23
Bondy-Chorney, Emma. "Characterization of Novel Post-Transcriptional Events Misregulated In Disease: Implications for the Development of Future Therapies." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/36034.
Full textAbstract:
The misregulation of post-transcriptional mechanisms has been linked to the development and progression of numerous human diseases, in particular neurological disorders and cancer. Investigating these misregulated RNA pathways is essential to fully understand the disease mechanisms, identify novel biomarkers, and to develop effective therapies. In this thesis, I present three manuscripts that investigate the mechanisms behind the post-transcriptional misregulation of RNA in human disease, with a focus on pre-mRNA splicing. In the first manuscript (Bondy-Chorney et al., 2016a), we investigated the role of Staufen1 (Stau1) in splicing regulation in the neuromuscular disorder Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1 (DM1). Here we report the first insights into the mechanism that Stau1 uses to regulate the alternative splicing of INSR exon 11 through an interaction with Alu elements located in intron 10. Moreover, using a high-throughput RT-PCR screen, we uncovered a number of additional Stau1-regulated alternative splicing events in both wild-type and DM1 myoblast cell lines. As Stau1 is known to be aberrantly upregulated in DM1 skeletal muscle, our findings suggest that Stau1 acts as a disease modifier in this disorder. The second manuscript (Sanchez, Bondy-Chorney et al., 2015), describes a novel role of the protein methyltransferase Coactivator-Associated Methyltransferase-1 (CARM1), a protein found to be overexpressed in Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA). We found that CARM1 can act as a mediator in the nonsense-mediated decay pathway (NMD) and associated UPF1 to promoted its occupancy on PTC-containing transcripts. We identified a subset of natural non-PTC containing NMD targets that were dependent on CARM1, a number of which were misregulated in SMA. This work uncovered a novel role for CARM1 in the NMD pathway and revealed that defective targeting of PTC-containing mRNAs should be included in the complex array of molecular defects associated with SMA. Finally, the third manuscript (Bondy-Chorney et al., – in prep) examines the alternative
iv
splicing regulation of the Protein Arginine Methyltransferase PRMT1 exon 2, an event shown to alter the growth, survival, and invasion of breast cancer cells. Here, we used an RNA interference (RNAi) RT-PCR screen to uncover several splicing proteins that regulate the inclusion of exon 2, several of which we found to be misregulated in a panel of breast cancer cell lines and patient tumours. These findings confirmed that the inclusion of PRMT1 exon 2 was regulated by alternative splicing via splicing factors that are altered in breast cancer. Moreover, depletion of one of these splicing factors, RALY, resulted in a decrease in the motility and invasive potential of an aggressive breast cancer cell line. These three manuscripts represent a collection of work focused on elucidating the mechanisms involved in post-transcriptional misregulation of RNA in three diverse human diseases. Taken together, the data presented here highlight the broad impact that proteins, such as Stau1 and CARM1, can have in neuromuscular disorders. Moreover, we also uncovered novel misregulation of splicing proteins that alter alternative splicing patterns in breast cancer. Elucidating these mechanisms is of the highest importance in order to identify potential new and effective treatment avenues.
24
Kopsida, Maria. "Targeting histone deacetylase (HDACs) enzymes with novel bisnaphthalimidopropyl derivatives (BNIPs) as alternative breast cancer therapies." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/3120.
Full textAbstract:
Breast cancer is the most commonly occurring cancer in women, with incidence rates approaching 1.38 million cases per year worldwide. Over the last few decades, there have been numerous attempts to develop, synthesise and advance into the clinic novel and selective breast cancer therapies. Research work has shown that bisnaphthalimidopropyl diaminodicyclohexylmethane (BNIPDaCHM) exerts potent in vitro anti-cancer activities and strong DNA binding properties. The aim of this thesis was to synthetise novel bisnaphthalimidopropyl derivatives (BNIPs) and investigate their subsequent modes of action within two human metastatic breast cancer cell lines, MDA-MB-231 and SKBR-3. A series of novel BNIPs, bisnaphthalimidopropyl-piperidylpropane (BNIPPiProp), bisnaphthalimidopropyl- ethylenedipiperidine (BNIPPiEth) and (trans(trans))-4,4’-methylenebis-cyclohexylamine (trans,trans-BNIPDaCHM) were synthesised, characterised and studied in comparison to BNIPDaCHM for their DNA binding and anti-cancer activities against MDA-MB-231 and SKBR-3 cells. Thermal denaturation studies have shown that BNIPs can intercalate and stabilize the double helix of Calf Thymus, each BNIP can competitively displace EtBr from DNA in a dose dependent manner and by UV binding studies, high affinity was found for the three novel BNIPs. After 24 hours treatment, all novel BNIPs, exhibited strong cytotoxicity with IC50 values ranging from 1.4 μM to 3.3 μM in MDA-MB-231 cells and 0.2 - 0.7 μM in SKBR-3 cells, confirming the importance of bisnaphthalimidopropyl functionality. BNIPs were also found to increase intracellular ROS levels after 8 hours treatment and induce a significant increase in DNA strand breaks compared to endogenous levels, after 24 hour treatment in both cell lines. After cell synchronisation, cell cycle distribution was studied, revealing that trans,trans-BNIPDaCHM induces sub-G1 cell population arrest in MDA-MB-231 and SKBR-3 cells, after 24 hours treatment. In addition, BNIPs induced apoptotic phosphatidylserine exposure, after 0.5 hours treatment, inhibited Caspase-3 activity and increased autophagy, after 24 hour treatment in MDA-MB-231 and SKBR-3 cells. Moreover, BNIPs inhibited histone deacetylases (HDAC) activity after 24 hours treatment in MDA-MB-231 and SKBR-3 cells and BNIPDaCHM was identified as a potential SIRT2 inhibitor, in SKBR-3 cells. According to Proteome Profiler Arrays, BNIPDaCHM and BNIPPiEth altered the expression of cell stress-related proteins in a cell dependent manner and bioinformatic analysis revealed two novel, putative pathways for BNIP-induced oxidative stress-mediated cell death in MDA-MB-231 and SKBR-3 cells. The above findings indicate that BNIPs represent promising candidates for future breast cancer studies and cancer treatment.
25
Minhas, Gurjeet S. "Complementary therapies : familiarity and use by midwives and women /." View thesis, 1998. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030829.153322/index.html.
Full text
26
Webber, Graham Ross, and graham webber@bigpond com. "Reiki: Practitioners� Perceptions of the Effectiveness of a Complementary Therapy in the Treatment Regime of People with Dementia." Flinders University. Department of Disabilities Studies, School of Medicine, 2006. http://catalogue.flinders.edu.au./local/adt/public/adt-SFU20061009.093745.
Full textAbstract:
International and national research has shown that the use of complementary therapies (often referred to in the scientific literature as either alternative therapies or unconventional therapies) is widespread. However, there is little in the scientific literature about the use of complementary therapies in the treatment regime of people with dementia. Specifically, there have been no published results of investigations into the use of Reiki, a holistic complementary therapy, in the treatment regime of people with dementia.
Before proceeding with an in-depth examination into the use of Reiki in the care of people with dementia, a questionnaire containing both closed and open-ended questions was distributed to 162 South Australian High Care Residential Facilities (formerly called Nursing Homes) in 2002. The return rate was 58.0% (n=94) of which 50.0% of the mail out (n=81) was available for analysis. Findings from the questionnaires suggested that a wide range of complementary therapies including aromatherapy, massage, music, behaviour therapy, healing touch, Reiki and Therapeutic Touch (Krieger/Kunz method) were used regularly within South Australian High Care Residential Facilities. Complementary therapies were reportedly used to calm residents, improve behaviour management, enhance the quality of life of residents, promote 1:1 interaction, stimulate the senses, and reduce the need for medication.
Due to 15 facilities reporting the use of Reiki, a series of semi-structured interviews with Reiki practitioners caring for people with dementia was conducted in 2004/2005. Interview participants (n=10) included a representative range of people providing care for people with dementia in eight Nursing Homes in Adelaide, South Australia. Data reduction methods included a quasi-statistical counting of key words and repeated re-readings of the transcripts to discover the essences, abstract the meanings and arrange them into themes and sub-themes.
The results of the interviews suggested that Reiki is an easy to learn and easy to use holistic complementary therapy which has the potential to enhance the quality of life of the persons with dementia, their family members, and their carers. The interview participants reported improved physical, psychological, mental and emotional well-being as well as enhanced relationships and a reduction in negative behaviours following the use of Reiki.
The receipt of the first Jack Loader Scholarship from the Rosemary Foundation for Memory Support Inc. in early 2005 enabled the researcher to transfer to full-time studies from April 2005.
Key Words: aged care; alternative therapies; complementary therapies; dementia; early onset dementia; one to one interaction; quality of life; Reiki; therapeutic touch; unconventional therapies.
27
Leão, Eliseth Ribeiro. "A música como terapia complementar no cuidado de mulheres com fibromialgia." Universidade de São Paulo, 1998. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7138/tde-06072011-091258/.
Full textAbstract:
A música erudita selecionada a partir de um repertório pré-determinado foi investigada neste estudo como terapia complementar no cuidado de mulheres com fibromialgia. Quarenta mulheres foram submetidas a duas sessões musicais, observando-se o intervalo de uma semana entre elas. A dor, bem como os parâmetros fisiológicos indicativos de relaxamento: freqüência cardíaca, freqüência respiratória, eletromiografia dos músculos trapézio e frontal, pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica e temperatura cutânea; complementados pela percepção das pacientes sobre a experiência musical foram avaliados antes e após cada sessão musical para verificação das alterações produzidas em sua decorrência. As pesquisadas apresentaram uma preferência musical que tendeu às músicas orquestrais em relação às de câmara e solo. Dentre os sinais fisiológicos observados, a freqüência respiratória, a eletromiografia, a temperatura cutânea e a pressão arterial sistólica apresentaram alterações estatisticamente significantes nas duas sessões. A pressão arterial diastólica apresentou alterações significativas apenas na segunda sessão. A dor avaliada pela Escala Analógica Visual apresentou redução significativa pós-sessão musical para a maioria das pacientes, ratificada pelo Questionário McGill em todas as dimensões da dor que este instrumento se propõe a analisar (sensitiva-discriminativa, afetiva-motivacional, cognitiva-avaliativa). A percepção da experiência musical relatada pelas pesquisadas evidenciou o potencial desta intervenção de Enfermagem (95% referiram que gostaram muito desta proposta terapêutica), pois além do alívio da dor, diversos aspectos subjetivos emergiram, tais como alterações nos estados de ânimo, facilitação da introspecção, visualização de imagens e sensações estéticas, dentre outros, demonstrando que sua utilização e compreensão merecem ser ampliados.The selected erudite music starting from a predetermined repertory was investigated in this study as alternative therapy in the women care with fibromyalgia. Forty women were submitted for two musical sessions, we observed the interval of one week between the sessions. The pain as well as the physiological parameteres indicative of slackness: heart rate, respiratory rate, trapezius and frontalis muscle, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and cutaneous temperature and all of this parameters were completed by patients perception about musical experience and were appraised before and after each musical session for verification of produce alterations in their results. The enquired women have presented a musical preference that reached to the orchestral songs with reference to the camara music and solo. Among observed physiological signs, the respiratory rate, the electromyographic, the cutaneous temperature and the sistolic blood pressure presented alterations statistically significative on two sessions. The diastolic blood pressure presented significative alterations in the second only. The pain valued by Visual Analogic Scale presented significative reduction after musical session for most of patients, ratified by McGill Pain Questionnaire in all pain extensions that the instrument proposes to analyse (sensitive, affective, and cognitive). The perception of musical experience related by investigated women have evidenced the powerful from this Nursing intevention (95% from those women refered that they have liked very much this therapeutic approach) besides pain relief, many subjective aspects have emerged such as alterations of mood state, facility of introspection, visualization of images and esthetics sensations, among others aspects have demonstrated that their utilization and comprehension to must be amplified.
28
Lu, Yiyang. "Exploring Rapamycin-induced Pro-survival Pathways in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex and the Development of Alternative Therapies." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613752713277464.
Full text
29
Worley, Heather. "Treatment by the law and society of parents of minors who have died in circumstances where they were denied medical intervention a dissertation [thesis] submitted to the Auckland University of Technology in partial fulfilment of the degree of Master of Health Science, November 2003." Full thesis. Abstract, 2003. http://puka2.aut.ac.nz/ait/theses/WorleyH.pdf.
Full text
30
Rislund, Sabina. "Nurses’ Conception of their Role in Acupuncture Therapy in a Clinic in Chengdu, China : An empirical study investigating the nurses’ role in a Chinese setting." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa, natur- och teknikvetenskap (from 2013), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-42644.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Acupuncture is an ancient Chinese treatment. It is difficult to know what role the nurse performs during acupuncture in Sweden since no guidelines exist. Indications that patients appreciate receiving acupuncture justifies investigating nurses’ work in China. Good practice may be uncovered that could provide the basis for understanding, defining and promoting the nurses’ role in acupuncture in other countries. Aim: The aim of this study was to describe the nurses’ conception of their role in acupuncture therapy in an acupuncture clinic in Chengdu, China. Method: A descriptive qualitative study. Data collection by methodological triangulation from observations and interviews. Result: Results show that the role of the nurse is to perform practical procedures, support patients and have responsibility for hygiene. Conclusion: Nurses have an important role in acupuncture therapy to carry out treatment as well as caring for the patients and treating them as individuals.
31
Helmbrecht, Howard Thecla M. "Equine Assisted Activities and Therapies: The Measuring of Equine Temperament." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2185.
Full textAbstract:
The field of equine assisted activities and therapies (EAAT) is growing in popularity as an alternative healing approach. However, there is a paucity of peer-reviewed research on the horses who serve as equal partners in EAAT. The purpose of this quantitative study was to discover the impact of equine-facilitated therapeutic activities on the temperament of horses, and to determine how to select a better human-to-horse therapeutic match when providing EAAT services. The theoretical framework for this research drew from Romanes' theory of animal intelligence, which predicts that temperament would change as a result of prolonged participation in specific work (EAAT in this case) that would cause the horse to reflect its associate's temperament. The study explored whether horses used in EAAT programs exhibit unique traits, whether the use of horses in an equine-human development program with clients diagnosed with health disorders affects the temperament of the horses over time, and whether a relationship exists between EAAT horses and positive therapeutic outcomes for clients. Sixty-four horse handlers in EAAT and 75 in control programs completed the Horse Personality Questionnaire (HPQ) designed to assess horse temperament. Temperament traits were then compared between EAAT and control horses, for horses participating at EAAT programs for different durations of time, and for horses that were more effective in treatment. Significant differences in temperament traits were present between horses in EAAT and control programs, as revealed by t-tests. The results identified traits of the most effective EAAT horses. This study contributes to social change by providing EAAT with a comprehensive horse temperament assessment that can inform efforts to unify and extend the field.
32
Spadacio, Cristiane 1983. "Os sentidos das praticas terapeuticas convencionais e não convencionais no tratamento do cancer." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/311417.
Full textAbstract:
Orientadores: Nelson Filice de Barros, Everardo Duarte NunesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T03:31:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Spadacio_Cristiane_M.pdf: 1947023 bytes, checksum: 0de05f61a9e7eef1fcf0abc2be39d93d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008
Resumo: Tem havido um crescimento exponencial no uso das Medicinas Alternativas e Complementares (MAC), principalmente em países ocidentais desenvolvidos. A literatura corrente indica que também em países em desenvolvimento e pobres, a medicina não biomédica permanece como um elemento significativo no tratamento. O crescimento do uso das MAC é, também, perceptível no caso de pacientes oncológicos. Este trabalho pretende-se parte de um programa sociológico das MAC no campo da saúde no Brasil, tendo como foco o uso de MAC por pacientes em tratamento do câncer. Dessa forma, esta pesquisa busca compreender os sentidos do uso de MAC por pacientes em tratamento do câncer no Serviço de Oncologia do HC/Unicamp. Para tanto, foi preciso: 1) analisar como os pacientes lidam com o binômio saúde/doença na situação de doença oncológica; 2) identificar as motivações para o uso das MAC no tratamento do câncer e os processos subjacentes à decisão do uso das MAC: sua seleção, interpretação, aquisição da informação sobre essas técnicas, que delimitam os sentidos; e, 3) mapear as redes de sociabilidades que influenciam na decisão pelo tratamento convencional e o não convencional do câncer. Teoricamente, essa pesquisa ancora-se na teoria praxiológica de Pierre Bourdieu, articulando principalmente o conceito habitus com a noção de modernidade reflexiva de Anthony Giddens. Esse estudo recorre a duas técnicas de coleta de dados: a entrevista em profundidade e o diário de campo. O Diário de Campo possibilitou apreender a trajetória e as modificações que foram ocorrendo principalmente no discurso dos envolvidos, durante os encontros. Tomando a entrevista como ¿técnica privilegiada de comunicação¿, realizamos a modalidade de entrevista aberta ou em profundidade. Esse tipo de técnica propicia o entrevistado a falar livremente, sem que esteja preso a questões já pré-estabelecidas pelo investigador. Os produtos da pesquisa, a partir das entrevistas e do Diário de Campo foram, a construção de categorias analíticas e a produção de narrativas. Os resultados foram, então, organizados a partir das seguintes categorias de análise: a) Itinerários pelos serviços de saúde; b) Saúde-doença: construções e percepções; c) O tratamento; d) Serviço de Saúde Unicamp ¿ significados; e) Outros tratamentos; f) Redes de Sociabilidade. Verifica-se, dessa forma, a importância de estudos qualitativos na área da saúde para entender a construção de sentidos sobre uma determinada situação de saúde e doença a partir da perspectiva dos pacientes, levando-se em conta seus discursos, falas imersas em condicionantes sociais e pessoais que delineiam seus habitus e determinam suas escolhas terapêuticas
Abstract: There has been an exponential growth in the use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM), especially in developed western countries. Current literature shows that non-biomedical medicine continues to be a significant treatment element in poor and developing countries as well. Moreover, substantial growth in CAM use is also noticeable among oncology patients. This study is part of a sociological program on Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the Brazilian health field, which focuses on the use of CAM by cancer patients under treatment. As a result, it seeks to understand the meanings of CAM use by patients under treatment in the Serviço de Oncologia do HC/Unicamp (Oncology Service at the Clinical Hospital of the State University of Campinas). Thus, it was necessary to: 1) analyze how patients deal with the health-disease relation in the case of cancer; 2) identify the motivations to use CAM in the treatment of cancer and the processes underlying the decision to use complementary and alternative therapies: their selection, interpretation, and gathering of information on these therapies, which restrict the meanings; and 3) map the sociability nets that influence the decision about conventional and non-conventional cancer treatments. On a theoretical level, this research is based on Pierre Bourdieu¿s Praxeological Theory, which particularly articulates the concept of habitus with Anthony Giddens¿ notion of reflexive modernity. In addition, this study makes use of two data collection techniques: the in-depth interview and the Field Journal. The Field Journal enabled us to understand the direction and changes that took place during the meetings, especially in the dialogue of those involved. Considering the interview as a ¿privileged technique of communication¿, the open or in-depth interview was performed. This type of technique enables the respondent to speak freely, not hindered by the investigator¿s pre-established questions. The research products originating from the interviews and the Field Journal were the construction of analytical categories and the production of narratives. The results were subsequently organized, based on the following analysis categories: a) Itinerary through the health services; b) Health-disease: constructions and perceptions; c) The Treatment; d) Serviço de Saúde Unicamp (State University of Campinas¿ Health Service) ¿ meanings; e) Other treatments; f) Sociability Nets. Thus, it can be observed the importance of qualitative studies in the health field to understand the construction of meanings about a certain health and disease situation, from the perspective of the patients. This takes into consideration their dialogues that are immersed in personal and social conditioning which, in its turn, shapes their habitus and determines their therapeutic choices
Mestrado
Saude Coletiva
Mestre em Saude Coletiva
33
Ritenbaugh, Cheryl, Mimi Nichter, Mark Nichter, Kimberly Kelly, Colette Sims, Iris Bell, Heide Castaneda, et al. "Developing a patient-centered outcome measure for complementary and alternative medicine therapies I: defining content and format." BioMed Central, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610358.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND:Patients receiving complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies often report shifts in well-being that go beyond resolution of the original presenting symptoms. We undertook a research program to develop and evaluate a patient-centered outcome measure to assess the multidimensional impacts of CAM therapies, utilizing a novel mixed methods approach that relied upon techniques from the fields of anthropology and psychometrics. This tool would have broad applicability, both for CAM practitioners to measure shifts in patients' states following treatments, and conventional clinical trial researchers needing validated outcome measures. The US Food and Drug Administration has highlighted the importance of valid and reliable measurement of patient-reported outcomes in the evaluation of conventional medical products. Here we describe Phase I of our research program, the iterative process of content identification, item development and refinement, and response format selection. Cognitive interviews and psychometric evaluation are reported separately.METHODS:From a database of patient interviews (n = 177) from six diverse CAM studies, 150 interviews were identified for secondary analysis in which individuals spontaneously discussed unexpected changes associated with CAM. Using ATLAS.ti, we identified common themes and language to inform questionnaire item content and wording. Respondents' language was often richly textured, but item development required a stripping down of language to extract essential meaning and minimize potential comprehension barriers across populations. Through an evocative card sort interview process, we identified those items most widely applicable and covering standard psychometric domains. We developed, pilot-tested, and refined the format, yielding a questionnaire for cognitive interviews and psychometric evaluation.RESULTS:The resulting questionnaire contained 18 items, in visual analog scale format, in which each line was anchored by the positive and negative extremes relevant to the experiential domain. Because of frequent informant allusions to response set shifts from before to after CAM therapies, we chose a retrospective pretest format. Items cover physical, emotional, cognitive, social, spiritual, and whole person domains.CONCLUSIONS:This paper reports the success of a novel approach to the development of outcome instruments, in which items are extracted from patients' words instead of being distilled from pre-existing theory. The resulting instrument, focused on measuring shifts in patients' perceptions of health and well-being along pre-specified axes, is undergoing continued testing, and is available for use by cooperating investigators.
34
Okell, Lucy C. "Modelling the impact of artemisinin combination therapies (ACT) and alternative antimalarials on transmission intensity of Plasmodium falciparum malaria." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536879.
Full text
35
Skinn, Barbara Jean. "The relationship of belief in control and commitment to life to cancer patients' inclination to use unproven cancer therapies." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28798.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship of belief in control and commitment to life to the adult cancer patient's inclination to use unproven cancer therapies. A convenience sample of 40 lung cancer patients completed the Wallston's Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale, Crumbaugh's Purpose in Life Scale, Hiratzka's Alternative Therapy Scale, and a patient information sheet. The majority of participants exhibited a strong internal locus of control orientation and a strong commitment to life. Belief in control, commitment to life, and the degree of inclination to use unproven cancer therapies were not significantly associated. However, age was negatively correlated with inclination to use unproven cancer therapies. The majority of participants had heard of five or more unproven cancer remedies, and exhibited a strong inclination to use these unorthodox therapies. The most frequently used unproven therapies were anti-medicines - imagery, faith-healing, megadose vitamins, and taheebo. The rising popularity of these anti-medicines has been reported in the literature. The findings were discussed in relation
to theoretical expectations, other research studies, and the methodological problems inherent in the study. Implications of the findings for nursing practice, theory, and education were suggested. Recommendations for further nursing research were made.Applied Science, Faculty of
Nursing, School of
Graduate
36
Thompson, Jennifer, Kimberly Kelly, Cheryl Ritenbaugh, Allison Hopkins, Colette Sims, and Stephen Coons. "Developing a patient-centered outcome measure for complementary and alternative medicine therapies II: Refining content validity through cognitive interviews." BioMed Central, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610360.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND:Available measures of patient-reported outcomes for complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) inadequately capture the range of patient-reported treatment effects. The Self-Assessment of Change questionnaire was developed to measure multi-dimensional shifts in well-being for CAM users. With content derived from patient narratives, items were subsequently focused through interviews on a new cohort of participants. Here we present the development of the final version in which the content and format is refined through cognitive interviews.METHODS:We conducted cognitive interviews across five iterations of questionnaire refinement with a culturally diverse sample of 28 CAM users. In each iteration, participant critiques were used to revise the questionnaire, which was then re-tested in subsequent rounds of cognitive interviews. Following all five iterations, transcripts of cognitive interviews were systematically coded and analyzed to examine participants' understanding of the format and content of the final questionnaire. Based on this data, we established summary descriptions and selected exemplar quotations for each word pair on the final questionnaire.RESULTS:The final version of the Self-Assessment of Change questionnaire (SAC) includes 16 word pairs, nine of which remained unchanged from the original draft. Participants consistently said that these stable word pairs represented opposite ends of the same domain of experience and the meanings of these terms were stable across the participant pool. Five pairs underwent revision and two word pairs were added. Four word pairs were eliminated for redundancy or because participants did not agree on the meaning of the terms. Cognitive interviews indicate that participants understood the format of the questionnaire and considered each word pair to represent opposite poles of a shared domain of experience.CONCLUSIONS:We have placed lay language and direct experience at the center of questionnaire revision and refinement. In so doing, we provide an innovative model for the development of truly patient-centered outcome measures. Although this instrument was designed and tested in a CAM-specific population, it may be useful in assessing multi-dimensional shifts in well-being across a broader patient population.
37
Cognalato, Rosana Pontes. "As terapias alternativas no âmbito da psicologia : conflito e dilemas." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2010. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/2538.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-21T12:03:05Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
rosanapontescognalato.pdf: 897447 bytes, checksum: aa79b81bd0e1e2d3a1fcc223ebd0c41d (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-09-26T20:26:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rosanapontescognalato.pdf: 897447 bytes, checksum: aa79b81bd0e1e2d3a1fcc223ebd0c41d (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T20:26:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rosanapontescognalato.pdf: 897447 bytes, checksum: aa79b81bd0e1e2d3a1fcc223ebd0c41d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-09
FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
Utilizando como referência de leitura e de investigação as idéias propostas por Bruno Latour, essa pesquisa tem como objetivo principal observar as porosidades entre religião/espiritualidade e terapêutica que dão o substrato argumentativo e conflitivo, e/ou dilemático, a respeito da relação entre a psicologia e as terapias alternativas. Este é o grande foco. O “alternativo” muda de status quando é submetido ao crivo da ciência, mas antes disso, ele já vem sendo amplamente utilizado pela sociedade, o que já não o faz tão “alternativo” assim. Há um movimento de “abertura” e de “fechamento” que torna as terapêuticas não legitimadas processualmente reconhecidas, como no caso da própria psicologia. Essa relação, ao ser sustentada pela adesão de muitos psicólogos a “outras terapias” vem convocando os Conselhos Federal e Regionais de Psicologia, no sentido de que se defina uma política reguladora mais consistente ou mais flexível. Para problematizar essa questão, investigo o psicólogo em ação, a partir da utilização de entrevistas, onde tenho como intuito perseguir as redes que se formam na sua prática, expressas a partir dos seus relatos. A proposta é a de realizar uma “etnografia da fala” sobre a prática psicoterapêutica. Além disso, desenvolvo um capítulo, em especial, a respeito do processo de institucionalização da acupuntura no Brasil e de sua inserção no meio psi.
Using as a reading and investigation frame of reference the ideas proposed by Bruno Latour, this research aims primarily at observing the porosity between religion/spirituality and therapeutics that confers argumentative and conflicting and/or dilemma-like underpinnings on the relationship between psychology and alternative therapies. This is the major focus. The “alternative” changes status when submitted to the scrutiny of science. But before that, it has already been widely employed by society, which renders it not so “alternative” anymore. There is a movement I call “opening” and “closing” that attributes to not yet legitimated therapies the quality of being recognized in process, as in the case of psychology itself. This relationship, as many psychologists enforce it by adhering to “other therapies”, has been urging the Federal and several Regional Psychology Councils to define a regulating policy which is either more consistent or more flexible. In order to ponder over this issue, I investigate the psychologist in action, deploying interviews that allow me to pursue the networks that his/her counseling creates, manifest in their reports. The proposal is to arrive at a so-called “ethnography of speech” about psychotherapeutic counseling. Besides, I bring a chapter which deals especially with the process of institutionalization of acupunture in Brazil, and with its insertion in the ‘psy-domain’.
38
Ferreira, Marcia Zotti Justo. "Essências florais: medidas da sua influência na vitalidade em seres vivos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7139/tde-20042007-134835/.
Full textAbstract:
Trata-se de um estudo experimental aleatório: os tratamentos e suas repetições foram arranjados no delineamento experimental Inteiramente Casualizados. Foi realizado no Instituto Agronômico IAC de Campinas, no período de 17 a 23 de março (Fase 1) e de 1 a 7 de agosto (Fase 2) de 2006. Buscou, dentro da área da Biofísica, novos aparatos e tecnologias que pudessem avaliar o efeito das Essências Florais em seres vivos. Utilizaram-se sementes de feijoeiro que receberam três tipos de tratamentos (regas), sendo eles: Tratamento 1(água), Tratamento 2 (água com veículo alcoólico, - aqui utilizado conhaque) e Tratamento 3 (água com veículo alcoólico e Essência Floral - Walnut). Foram analisadas a emissão biofotônica só na Fase 1 e os parâmetros de crescimento biológico durante a germinação nas Fase 1 e 2. No resultado da medição biofotônica, não foi possível se obter gráficos que caracterizassem com precisão a emissão de fótons, pois os fatores externos, dentre eles a luminosidade, os climatológicos e a escolha de areia como substrato, impossibilitaram a leitura dos dados. Na medição biológica da Fase 1, nos primeiros três dias de germinação, elas permaneceram em Germinador de Sementes só com água. A Análise de Variância para a altura das plântulas obteve o valor F de 0,1200 , com o coeficiente de variação de 10,51%, e para o comprimento das raízes o valor F de 0,4800 com o Coeficiente de Variação de 12,49% e a posteriori realizou-se o Teste de Tukey , não sendo significativos estatisticamente nenhum deles. Na Fase 2 utilizou-se as regas diferenciadas desde o primeiro momento da germinação, com isso na Análise de Variância para a altura das plântulas o valor F foi de 0,0584 e o Coeficiente de Variação de 13,76% e para o comprimento das raízes o valor F de 0,0538 e o Coeficiente de Variação de 12,40% e a posteriori realizou-se o Teste de Tukey , não sendo significativos estaticamente nenhum deles. Nessa fase acrescentou-se mais uma medida, o peso das raízes, no qual a Análise de Variância o valor F foi de 0,005, mostrando que houve diferença estatisticamente significativa na média dos pesos das raízes, segundo o tratamento utilizado e o valor do coeficiente de variação obtido foi de 6,25%. Para o Teste de Tukey obteve-se significância estatística, sendo esse resultado indicativo que as Essências Florais, neste experimento estimularam maior brotamento das raízes (fasciculamento), sendo que esse fenômeno auxilia a plântula a superar os estresses hídricos e também estabelecer maior resistência ao ataque de patógenos radiculares. Para a realização desse experimento foram necessárias as interações de três grandes áreas de conhecimento: Enfermagem, Agronomia e Engenharia Elétrica. Demonstrando assim a necessidade e importância na promoção de pesquisas multidisciplinares, pois só assim se promoverá a busca de aparatos que evidenciem a ação das Terapias Alternativas/Complementares quando utilizadasA random experimental study is presented, where the treatments and their repetitions were arranged in an Entirely Casualized experimental delineation. The experiments were conducted in the Agronomic Institute IAC in Campinas, from the 17th to 23rd of March, 2006 (Phase 1) and from the 1st to 7th of August, 2006 (Phase 2). One of the study´s goals was to search within the Biophysics area, new devices and technology, which could help to identify the effect of Floral Essences in living systems. Bean seeds were adopted and received three types of treatment (wetting): Treatment 1 (water), Treatment 2 (water using alcohol as vehicle - in this case brandy) and Treatment 3 (water using alcohol as a vehicle plus Flower Essence Walnut). The biophotonic emission and the biological growth parameters were analyzed during the germination in Phases 1 and 2. For the biophotonic measurement results, it was not possible to obtain graphics that characterized with precision the photons emission, because external factors such as luminosity, climatologic ones and the choice of sand as substrate made the reading of the data impossible. In the biological measurement of Phase 1, in the first three days of germination the seeds remained in the germination chamber only with water. The Variance Analysis for the seedlings height produced an F value of 0.1200, with a variation Coefficient of 10.51%, and for the roots length an F value of 0.4800 with a Variation Coefficient of 12.49%. The Tukey Test was realized a posteriori, producing results with none statistical significance. In Phase 2, the differentiated rules were used from the very beginning of the germination, as a consequence the variance analysis for the seedlings height produced an F value of 0.0584 with a Variation Coefficient of 13,76%, and for the roots length the F value was 0,0538 with a Variance Coefficient of 12.40%. The Tukey Test was realized a posteriori, producing results with none statistical significance. In this phase another measurement was included: the roots weight, for which F was 0.005, showing that there occurred a statistically significant difference in the roots weight average according to the treatment used and the Variance Coefficient obtained was 6.25%. For the Tukey Test statistic significance was obtained, and this result indicates that the Flower Essence in this experiment stimulated a better blossom of the roots (fasciculation), and this phenomenon helped the seedlings to overcome the water stress as well as to establish a bigger resistance to the attack of radiculars patogenous. For this experiment the interaction of three big areas of knowledge was necessary: Nursing, Agronomy and Electric Engineering. This demonstrated the importance of promoting interdisciplinary research, because only in this way one could promote the search for devices that showed the action of Alternative/Complementary Therapies when utilized
39
Minhas, Gurjeet S. "Complementary therapies : familiarity and use by midwives and women." Thesis, View thesis, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/513.
Full textAbstract:
This study is an exploratory study, descriptive in nature and investigates the familiarity and practices of midwives and women with regard to complementary therapies during pregnancy and labour. The study was conducted in four major hospitals in Western Sydney, namely Nepean, Jamieson, Blue Mountains Anzac Memorial and Hawkesbury hospitals. The findings showed that in the main the midwives and women were familiar and made use of four therapies, ie. aromatherapy, massage, music and hydrotherapy. The midwives practiced without any significant training in these therapies. Hospital policies were almost non existant in relation to the practice of complementary therapies and nurses often felt frustrated at not being able to implement complementary therapies. The main issues that emerged from the study were the need for education for the midwives related to specific complementary therapies, hospital policies conducive to the practice of complementary therapies and research into the efficacy of the different complementary therapies. The women need further exposure to complementary therapies and education in the respective therapies if they are to feel empowered in dealing with the stress of their daily lives
40
McCabe, Kym M. "The Effects of Yoga on Symptoms Associated with Conduct Disorder with Callous Unemotional Traits as a Moderator." Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/327.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research was to investigate the additive therapeutic effects of a yoga intervention on the anxiety, depression and behavioral problems of conduct-disordered male adolescents in residential treatment. In addition, the moderating effects of callous-unemotional (CU) traits on outcome measures were assessed. The program consisted of a four-week intervention program in which participants were randomly assigned to either the yoga group (n=25), in which they practiced yoga with an instructor, or the control group (n=19), in which they met for a supervised study hall. The study included pre-testing on symptoms of anxiety, depression and CU traits, and post-testing on anxiety and depression measures only. Behavioral data were unavailable due to unanticipated program changes. A repeated measures MANOVA was utilized to investigate the benefits of yoga practice on a combined mental health variable that consisted of two dependent variables, anxiety and depression. A significant effect for time, but not for the interaction between time and group, was found. This indicated that both groups' scores decreased over time on the depression and anxiety variables, but that there was no statistically significant difference between the treatment groups' depression and anxiety scores over time. In spite of non-significant results, additional exploratory analysis was conducted. Results indicated a trend towards significantly greater decreases in anxiety outcomes for the yoga group vs. the control group over time. The moderating effects of CU traits on the relationships among the treatment conditions and anxiety outcomes were found to be non-significant. Limitations of the present research, including low sample size and statistical power, are discussed.
41
Schafer, Lisa, Clarissa Hsu, Emery Eaves, Cheryl Ritenbaugh, Judith Turner, Daniel Cherkin, Colette Sims, and Karen Sherman. "Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) providers' views of chronic low back pain patients' expectations of CAM therapies: a qualitative study." BioMed Central, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610362.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND:Some researchers think that patients with higher expectations for CAM therapies experience better outcomes and that enthusiastic providers can enhance treatment outcomes. This is in contrast to evidence suggesting conventional medical providers often reorient patient expectations to better match what providers believe to be realistic. However, there is a paucity of research on CAM providers' views of their patients' expectations regarding CAM therapy and the role of these expectations in patient outcomes.METHODS:To better understand how CAM providers view and respond to their patients' expectations of a particular therapy, we conducted 32 semi-structured, qualitative interviews with acupuncturists, chiropractors, massage therapists and yoga instructors identified through convenience sampling. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed thematically using Atlas ti version 6.1.RESULTS:CAM providers reported that they attempt to ensure that their patients' expectations are realistic. Providers indicated they manage their patients' expectations in a number of domains-- roles and responsibilities of providers and patients, treatment outcomes, timeframe for improvement, and treatment experience. Providers reported that patients' expectations change over time and that they need to continually manage these expectations to enhance patient engagement and satisfaction with treatment.CONCLUSIONS:Providers of four types of CAM therapies viewed patients' expectations as an important component of their experiences with CAM therapy and indicated that they try to align patient expectations with reality. These findings suggest that CAM providers are similar in this respect to conventional medical providers.
42
Nuñez, Helena Maria Fekete. "Terapias alternativas/complementares: o saber e o fazer das enfermeiras do distrito administrativo 71 - Santo Amaro-São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/7/7137/tde-25022008-104413/.
Full textAbstract:
Um novo paradigma - Holístico - vem revolucionando diversos campos do saber, especificamente na área da saúde, integrando os aspectos físicos, psíquicos, sociais e espirituais do ser humano e oferecendo fundamentos para o conhecimento e aplicação das terapias alternativas/ complementares (TA/C). Considerando a importância do enfermeiro no desenvolvimento das ações integrais da saúde, a autora fez um estudo exploratório prospectivo, com o objetivo de verificar o saber e o fazer das enfermeiras que atuam nas unidades municipais de Saúde do Distrito Administrativo 71 Santo Amaro - São Paulo, frente às TA/C. Aplicou questionário semi-estruturado, no período de junho a agosto de 2001, para todos os 18 enfermeiros, lotados em nove Unidades de Saúde. Numa abordagem quanti-qualitativa, analisou o perfil das enfermeiras e mostrou fatores que influenciam o saber e o fazer em terapias alternativas/ complementares; também apontou que existe uma grande aceitação e credibilidade por parte dos enfermeiros (89%), porém o escasso conhecimento do respaldo legal (22,2%) e cursos ou especializações nesta área (5,5%) restringem a sua prática. Cerca da metade dos enfermeiros (44,4%) busca para si mesma alguma prática, porém apenas 11,1% as aplica nos usuários/ clientes das unidades de saúde. A autora desvendou as percepções dos enfermeiros quanto à conceituação, facilidades e dificuldades institucionais e pessoais relativas às práticas, e considerou que há necessidade de se buscar novos saberes como opções de assistência à promoção da saúde da populaçãoA new paradigm - Holistic - is revolutionizing many fields of knowledge and, specifically at the health area, is integrating the physical, psychological, social and spiritual aspects of human being, offering foundations for the alternative or complementary therapies knowledge. Considering the nurse\'s importance for the development of health integral actions the author made an exploratory study aiming to identify the knowledge and action of the nurses that work at São Paulo\'s 71st Administrative District - Santo Amaro, regarding the alternative and complementary therapies submitting semi-structured questionnaries on July and August, 2001 to all eighteen nurses that worked at nine healthcare units. In a quantitative and qualitative approach the nurse\'s profile was analyzed and the factors that have influence on the knowledge and the doing on alternative or complementary therapies were showed. It also indicated that there\'s a great acceptance and credibility toward these techniques by the nurses (89%), but the little knowledge of legal support (22,2%) and specific courses or training available in this field (5,5%) limits its usage. Around half of the nurses (44,4%) searches for themselves some application but only 11,1% will be applying them on the users or clients at the healthcare units. The author unveiled the nurse\'s perception toward the conceptuae evolution, institutional and personal support and difficulties related to these practices and concluded that there\'s a need to search for additional knowledge to expand new assistential options for the population\'s health promotion
43
Campos, Helioswilton Sales de. "Potencial terapêutico da saliva de Aedes aegypti na inflamação intestinal experimental." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60135/tde-04052017-155140/.
Full textAbstract:
As Doenças Inflamatórias Intestinais (DII) são caracterizadas por resposta inflamatória exacerbada na mucosa intestinal, com desbalanço entre mecanismos pró-inflamatórios e reguladores. Entretanto, até o momento, nenhuma terapia é curativa e vários pacientes são refratários ou intolerantes a elas, necessitando de intervenções cirúrgicas para combater as complicações da doença. Sendo assim, é evidente que novas terapias são necessárias para o controle da progressão das DII. Dessa forma, como a saliva de insetos hematófagos constitui uma fonte importante de moléculas com potencial farmacológico, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a atividade terapêutica do extrato de glândula salivar (EGS) do Aedes aegypti e suas frações na colite experimental. Para tal, camundongos C57BL/6 foram submetidos à indução de colite pela administração de água contendo 3% de dextran sulfato de sódio (DSS). Os resultados demonstraram melhora na condição clínica e no escore pós-morte dos camundongos tratados com o EGS i.v. ou i.p. Essa melhora foi acompanhada de redução de leucócitos no sangue periférico, principalmente quando os animais foram tratados i.v. Além disso, redução do infiltrado inflamatório e das citocinas patogênicas IL-12, IFN-?, TNF-?, IL- 1? e IL-5, no intestino, foi também associada ao tratamento. Ademais, houve diminuição da frequência de linfócitos TCD4+ produtores de IFN-?, IL-17 e IL-4 no baço e nos linfonodos mesentéricos (LNM) dos animais tratados com EGS. Ainda, uma menor frequência de células CD11b+ no baço e CD49b+ nos LNM também foi detectada nos animais com inflamação intestinal tratados com o EGS. De forma interessante, quando expostos por dois ciclos ao DSS, o tratamento precoce com EGS (1o ciclo) protegeu os camundongos do desenvolvimento da colite após nova indução da inflamação intestinal (2o ciclo), sugerindo que a saliva do A. aegypti possui componentes com capacidade de retardar o aparecimento e a gravidade da recidiva da doença. A melhora na condição clínica associada ao tratamento com EGS parece também estar associada à modulação de populações bacterianas no intestino com características supostamente colitogênicas (Pseudomonas monteilii) e protetoras (Ruminococus champanelensis e Turicibacter sanguinis). De fato, o transplante de microbiota de camundongos tratados com EGS para animais que sofreram indução da colite levou à aparente melhora do escore pós-morte e à redução de leucócitos circulantes. Além disso, o transplante diminuiu a expressão de RNAm das citocinas inflamatórias IFN-? e IL-1?, indicando que alterações na microbiota intestinal podem ser um dos mecanismos pelos quais o EGS modula a colite experimental. Finalmente, experimentos utilizando a cromatografia líquida de alta performance (HPLC) sugerem que uma fração (F3) do extrato bruto da saliva, pode ser a responsável pela melhora observada nos sinais clínicos da doença. De forma geral, o EGS e seus componentes parecem representar uma fonte importante de moléculas imunomoduladoras com potencial terapêutico no tratamento da inflamação intestinal induzida experimentalmenteInflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disorder characterized by an imbalance between inflammatory and regulatory immune responses at the gut mucosa. However, current therapies are not totally effective and a plenty of patients require repeated surgeries to control disease complications. So, it is clear that novel therapies are still needed to control IBD progression. Thereby, since saliva from bloodsucking arthropods is a rich source of pharmacologically bioactive molecules, the aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic activity of Aedes aegypti total (SGE) and fractionated saliva in the treatment of experimental colitis. For this purpose, C57BL/6 male mice were exposed to 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water. The results showed an improvement in clinical disease outcome and postmortem scores after SGE treatment, regardless the route of administration used (i.p. or i.v.). This amelioration was accompanied by the systemic reduction in peripheral blood lymphocytes, especially when the i.v route was used. Furthermore, a reduction in the inflammatory area together with a local diminishment of IFN- ?, TNF-?, IL-1? and IL-5 cytokines were observed in the colon of SGE-treated mice. Similarly, a reduction of the frequency of TCD4+ lymphocytes producing IFN-?, IL-17 and IL-4 was observed in spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) of SGE-treated mice. A lower frequency of CD11b+ cells in spleen and CD49b+ in MLN was also observed after SGE treatment. Interestingly, early treatment with SGE led to mice protection from a late DSS rechallenging, indicating that the mosquito saliva may present components able to prevent disease relapse. Clinical improvement due to SGE therapy seems to be also related to the modulation of intestinal bacterial population with different characteristics. Thus, SGE-therapy managed to a diminishment of colitogenic (Pseudomonas monteilii) and improvement of protective (Ruminococus champanelensis e Turicibacter sanguinis) bacteria. In fact, microbiota transplantation from SGE-tretaed mice to mice exposed to DSS-colitis improved postmortem scores and induced systemic diminishment in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Additionally, a reduced mRNA levels for the inflammatory cytokines IFN-? and IL-1?, was observed in transplanted mice, pointing to the effects of SGE-therapy in the modulation of gut microbes as one of the mechanisms related to the improvement of disease outcome. Finally, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) experiments suggested a major SGE pool fraction (F3) able to ameliorate disease signs. In conclusion, SGE and its components might represent a source of important immunomodulatory molecules with promising therapeutic activity for experimentally induced intestinal inflammation.
44
Besaans, Linda Carol. "Pseudoscience : a case study of a South African lifestyle magazine, and a survey of its usage." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95849.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Across the globe scientists are taking issue with pseudoscience, as well as the role of the media in promoting it. Articles based on pseudoscience, especially those relating to Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) that fall outside the realms of orthodox medicine, are common in all forms of media, but especially in women’s health and lifestyle magazines. Scientists are quite vociferous in their condemnation of CAM for both ethical and safety reasons, since neither the therapies nor the remedies associated with CAM practices have been proven to be efficacious, or even safe. In fact, some of the therapies and advice offered by CAM practitioners are dangerous and, in some instances, may even be life threatening. Nevertheless, the media continue to promote CAM, and the public continues to support it – despite the warnings and denunciation by scientists. This is an exploratory study to determine the prevalence of pseudoscience, generally, in South African women’s health and lifestyle magazines, and to uncover the reasons the public supports it. The magazine Longevity is used as an example of this type of publication, and a content analysis is used to illustrate the prevalence of pseudoscience articles and adverts in South African media, while field research, in the form of personal interviews, attempts to determine the reasons people support CAM in spite of its denunciation, as well as the media’s role in fostering this support. Both mainstream science and pseudoscience are described, while a literature review reveals the scientific perspective of CAM, provides examples of the more popular forms of CAM and the dangers inherent in them, as well as the ways in which science and pseudoscience in general, are handled by the media. Using the hypodermic needle theory, plus the results of the content analysis and field research, this study shows that media promote pseudoscience because it pays; the public support CAM because they believe it works; and that that belief is primarily the result of public disillusionment with the practice of orthodox medicine, rather than the result of media’s promotion of CAM, as scientists contend.
AFRIKKANSE OPSOMMING: Wetenskaplikes van regoor die wêreld het ’n probleem met pseudowetenskap, sowel as die rol wat die media speel om dit bevorder. Artikels gebaseer op pseudowetenskap, veral dié met betrekking tot Aanvullende en Alternatiewe Medisyne (AAM), wat buite die grense van ortodokse medisyne val, is algemeen in alle vorme van media, maar veral in gesondheid-en lewenstyltydskrifte vir vroue. Wetenskaplikes is baie uitgesproke in hul veroordeling van AAM om beide etiese en veiligheidsredes, omdat nóg die terapie nóg die middels wat verband hou met AAM praktyke bewys is om doeltreffend, of selfs veilig te wees. Trouens, sommige van die terapieë en advies wat aangebied word deur AAM beoefenaars is gevaarlik, en in sommige gevalle selfs lewensgevaarlik. Tog hou die media aan om AAM te bevorder, en die publiek om dit te ondersteun – ten spyte van die waarskuwings en veroordeling deur wetenskaplikes. Hierdie narvorsing is ’n verkennende studie om die voorkoms van pseudowetenskap in Suid-Afrikaanse vroue se gesondheid- en lewenstyltydskrifte te bepaal, en die redes te ontbloot waarom die publiek dit ondersteun. Die tydskrif Longevity word gebruik as ’n voorbeeld van hierdie tipe publikasie, en ’n inhoudsanalise word gebruik om die voorkoms van pseudowetenskaplike artikels en advertensies in die Suid-Afrikaanse media te illustreer, terwyl navorsing in die veld, in die vorm van persoonlike onderhoude, poog om die redes te bepaal waarom mense AAM ondersteun, ten spyte van veroordeling, sowel as die rol wat die media speel in die bevordering van hierdie ondersteuning. Beide hoofstroom wetenskap en pseudowetenskap word beskryf, terwyl ’n literatuuroorsig die wetenskaplike perspektief van AAM ontbloot, voorbeelde van die meer populêre vorme van AAM word verskaf asook van die gevare daaraan verbonde, sowel as die maniere waarop wetenskap en pseudowetenskap in die algemeen, hanteer word deur die media. Met behulp van die spuitnaald teorie, plus die resultate van die inhoudsanalise en navorsing in die veld, bewys hierdie studie dat die media pseudowetenskap bevorder, want dit betaal; die publiek ondersteun AAM omdat hulle glo dit werk; en dat daardie geloof primêr die gevolg is van openbare ontnugtering met die beoefening van ortodokse medisyne, eerder as die gevolg van die media se bevordering van AAM, soos wetenskaplikes beweer.
45
Gade, Carmin Jane. "An exploration of the pharmacist-patient communicative relationship." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1061259087.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 123 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Donald J. Cigala, Dept. of Communication. Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-123).
46
Chizick, Jarett. "Ankylosing Spondylitis & Chronic Pain Syndrome: Bridging the Gap Between Perpetuated Medicine & Holistic Therapies." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/329.
Full textAbstract:
Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) and Chronic Pain Syndrome (CPS) can be treated in many different ways. I found a problem in the balance of healing modalities surrounding diagnosis and care of illness and disease. This struggle is not singular to AS and CPS, but universal to physical and mental concerns. Some effective treatments and therapies are not recognized as such or are just beginning to become so. The scope of my work reflects on the course of my life. It was heavily influenced by the way my medical care was managed from an early age and how it evolved over the years. Through my educational program, I examined the necessity to bridge the gap between treatment paradigms and to expand on a broader, more inclusive, healing rubric. This rubric includes a broader emphasis on skill-based and complementary and alternative medicines. The viability to incorporate holistic health therapies earlier in life is explored through my use of the Scholarly Personal Narrative (SPN) qualitative research method. I chose this methodology because scientific fact could be argued either way for one therapeutic approach over another. By incorporating lived experience through SPN the union and cohesion necessary in all healing modalities, and their positive aspects, can be seen. The truth becomes self-evident.
The results of this examination showed awareness earlier in life toward alternative and holistic treatments being paramount. Parents and educators lack information concerning modern therapeutic approaches. It also showed each situation will vary, but choice in treatment for ailments and illness of all kinds is not only viable, but highly recommended and researched. Access issues such as health insurance remain obstacles with some treatments and therapies, while others are a matter of cost prohibition, such as nutrition therapies. The implications of my work indicate a need for earlier incorporation of holistic healing programs and skill based therapies alongside perpetuated medical models in early childhood development and education.
In conclusion, awareness towards medical concerns and how we as a society treat them can be improved upon by systemically incorporating less harmful therapies earlier in life. Fostering relations between medical providers, care providers and educators for students' wellbeing should be the foreground of any educational policy. Educators and parents alike should be made aware of and take advantage of effective skill-based treatments before a physical or mental condition surfaces or medication only approaches are authoritatively recommended. Integrating programs that build strong mental resilience and focus on youth development and education can reduce the necessity for more invasive treatments or medications should an ailment or illness develop.
47
Gediel, Ana Luisa Borba. "MULTIFUNCIONALIDADE DO RURAL O USO DE ATIVIDADES AGROPECUÁRIAS E DE ESPAÇOS RURAIS PARA PRÁTICAS TERAPÊUTICAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2006. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8812.
Full textAbstract:
The present research approaches the perspective of the multiple functions of the rural space and the agricultural, investigating the amplitude of the notion of multifuncionality with empirical focus in the study of the therapeutical practices which use the rural spaces and farming activities in the central region of the Rio Grande do Sul - Brazil. The research objectives had been to identify, to describe, to c1assify and to characterize these different modalities of therapies, aiming identify the directions that the involved professionals and public gives to this therapeutical practice based on farming activities and for to the rural spaces. The principal methods and inquiring techniques, which had been used, were questionnaire, the participant observation, the half-structuralized interview and the analysis of speech. In the set of the thirty- five cities of the investigated central region of Rio Grande do Sul it had been identified nine establishments, located in seven different districts, which develop farming activities on/or to the basis of agricultural spaces. The nine establishments had been classified in three different modalities of therapeutical practice, being they: (1) Therapeutical communities for the rehabilitation and social reiteration of the psychoactive substance addicted; (2) Centers of Equotherapy, taking care of special people with disabilities and/or physical and motor problems, with the intention of education, rehabilitation and the quality of life improvement of the practitioners; (3) Energization Therapy, directed to a large public, with the intention of provide the physical and mental rest to the visitors through 'out an esoteric practice and the straight contact with the nature. Agricultural activities and rural space linked with therapeutical practice needs the internalization of the discipline by working manually, in a place far from addiction and tentation, the religion must be present as well as the positive attributes of the nature with its green areas, animals, landscapes and the plant cycle life which bring serenity, health and welfare.A presente pesquisa aborda a perspectiva das múltiplas funções do espaço rural e da agricultura, investigando a amplitude da noção de multifuncionalidade com foco empírico no estudo das práticas terapêuticas que se utilizam dos espaços rurais e de atividades agropecuárias na região central do Rio Grande do Sul Brasil. Os objetivos da pesquisa foram identificar, descrever, classificar e caracterizar estas diferentes modalidades de terapias, buscando identificar os sentidos que os profissionais e público envolvidos atribuem às suas práticas terapêuticas baseadas em atividades agropecuárias e/ou junto aos espaços rurais. Os principais métodos e técnicas de investigação utilizados foram o questionário, a observação participante, as entrevistas semi-estruturadas e a análise de discurso. No conjunto dos 35 municípios da região central do Rio Grande do Sul investigados foram identificados nove estabelecimentos, localizados em sete municípios diferentes, que desenvolviam algum tipo de terapia com base em atividades agropecuárias e atributos dos espaços rurais. Os nove estabelecimentos foram classificados em três modalidades diferentes de práticas terapêuticas, sendo elas: (1)Comunidades Terapêuticas para a reabilitação e reinserção social de pessoas dependentes de substâncias psicoativas; (2)Centros de Equoterapia, voltados ao atendimento de pessoas com necessidades especiais e/ou problemas físicos e motores, com o propósito de educação, reabilitação e melhora na qualidade de vida dos praticantes; e (3)Terapia de Energização, voltada a um público amplo, com a intenção de proporcionar o descanso físico e mental dos visitantes através de práticas esotéricas e contato direto com a natureza. Os sentidos para o uso de atividades agropecuárias e do espaço rural para práticas terapêuticas vinculam-se a elementos ligados à internalização da disciplina por meio do trabalho manual, localização distante das tentações do vício, à religião e o seu sistema de crenças e aos atributos positivos e idealizados da natureza, como os espaços abertos e verdes, os animais, a paisagem e o ciclo de vida das plantas, que constituem um imaginário de tranqüilidade, saúde e bem-estar.
48
Mendonça, Izabela Matos Floriano. "Diálogo entre religiosidades espíritas e terapias alternativas: as práticas e crenças da apometria em Juiz de Fora." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2013. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/1048.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-03-29T15:49:23Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
izabelamatosflorianomendonca.pdf: 2836651 bytes, checksum: cd30a8d8fd9dd1a6034ba3e6c3058ad4 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-04-24T02:49:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 izabelamatosflorianomendonca.pdf: 2836651 bytes, checksum: cd30a8d8fd9dd1a6034ba3e6c3058ad4 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-24T02:49:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 izabelamatosflorianomendonca.pdf: 2836651 bytes, checksum: cd30a8d8fd9dd1a6034ba3e6c3058ad4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-25
CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
O presente estudo busca elucidar a relação entre terapias religiosas e terapias alternativas, adotando como eixo temático, a apometria, terapia de cura espiritual que surge em meados de 1965, no campo kardecista, e avança para fora de seu lócus original, vinculando-se tanto a racionalidades médicas não oficiais, quanto a sistemas religiosos diversos, senão ainda a terapias alternativas e psicológicas. Em virtude das configurações plurais da apometria, esta pesquisa propõe estudar as interlocuções da técnica com as diversas religiosidades, em especial as mediúnico-espíritas, no ritual do Grupo de Apométrico Elos de Amor e Paz de Juiz de Fora.
The present study aims to elucidate the relationship between religious therapies and alternative therapies, adopting as the main theme, the aptometry, spiritual healing therapy that comes in the middle of 1965, in field kardecist, and moves out of its original locus linking to both medical rationalities unofficial, as the various religious systems, but also the psychological and alternative therapies. Because of the settings of the plural aptometry, this research proposes to study the interlocutions with the various religiosities, especially psychicspiritualist, in ritual of the “Grupo Apométrico Elos de Amor e Paz Juiz de Fora".
49
Boudria, Asma. "Les variants d'épissage du VEGF-A : leur rôle dans la progression et la réponse aux thérapies anti-angiogéniques des carcinomes pulmonaires." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENV010/document.
Full textAbstract:
Le VEGF-A est l'un des facteurs de croissance les plus importants au cours de la néo-angiogénèse tumorale. Ce rôle en a fait une cible de choix pour le développement de thérapies. Ainsi, différents médicaments le ciblant (Bevacizumab, AvastinR) ou ciblant ses voies de signalisation (inhibiteurs des récepteurs VEGFR) sont actuellement utilisés en clinique, notamment dans les adénocarcinomes pulmonaires. Cependant, malgré des résultats initiaux prometteurs, un grand nombre de patients apparaissent d'emblée résistants ou échappent à ces thérapies, voir même développent des tumeurs plus agressives. A ce jour, il n'existe aucun moyen d'identifier les patients susceptibles de répondre à ces thérapies. Récemment, de nouveaux variants d'épissage du VEGF-A issus d'un épissage alternatif différentiel au niveau du dernier exon ont été identifiés, les isoformes VEGFxxxb. A l'inverse des VEGFxxx, ces variants sont anti-angiogéniques. Si les effets paracrines des isoformes du VEGF-A sur les cellules endothéliales ont été bien caractérisés, bien peu d'études se sont penchées sur leurs effets autocrines sur les cellules tumorales qui expriment à leur surface les récepteurs VEGFR1 et VEGFR2. Dans ce contexte, le but principal de notre étude était de déterminer le statut d'expression et les fonctions biologiques de l'isoforme VEGF165b dans les tumeurs primaires et dans des modèles cellulaires dérivés de Carcinomes Pulmonaires Non à Petites Cellules (CBnPCs). Nos résultats identifient des profils d'expression variables du VEGF165b chez les patients atteints de CBnPCs, et montrent que de hauts niveaux intratumoraux de VEGF165b sont associés à un envahissement ganglionnaire. De plus, nos résultats identifient une boucle autocrine au travers de laquelle l'activation des récepteurs VEGFR1/VEGFR2 par le VEGF165b conduit à l'apparition de cellules tumorales présentant un phénotype plus invasif. Finalement, nous montrons que le traitement des cellules tumorales par le Bevacizumab (BVZ) mais aussi par les sels de platine auquel il est associé en clinique augmente l'expression du VEGF165b, la signalisation autocrine qu'il active et conduit à l'apparition de cellules tumorales plus agressives et résistantes à l'apoptose induite par le cisplatine. Ces résultats sont la première démonstration de la capacité du VEGF165b à signaliser sur les cellules tumorales. Dans une seconde étape de notre travail, nous avons étudié le rôle que pourraient jouer les intégrine β1 et β3 dans le maintien de la signalisation induite par le VEGF165b dans les cellules de CBnPCs. Nous montrons que le VEGF165b active l'intégrine β1. Cette activation aboutit à un réarrangement du cytosquelette d'actine en fibres de stress, ce qui pourrait favoriser la migration de ces cellules. De manière intéressante, le BVZ est capable d'induire ce même phénotype par un mécanisme nécessitant l'expression du VEGF165b, de l'intégrine β1, mais aussi de l'intégrine β3. La formation de ces fibres de stress est associée à l'activation de voies de signalisation d'aval mettant en jeu la phosphorylation des protéines FAK et cofiline. De plus, nous mettons en évidence l'existence de complexes entre la neuropiline 2 et l'intégrine β1 dans les cellules de CBnPCs qui seraient susceptibles de participer à l'activation de ces voies. Ainsi, le VEGF165b et le BVZ apparaissent capable de signaliser à travers les intégrines β1 et β3 dans les cellules de CBnPCs, suggérant un rôle de ces intégrines dans la réponse des cellules tumorales aux thérapies anti-angiogéniques. En conclusion, nos résultats identifient un rôle du variant VEGF165b dans la progression des CBnPCs et la réponse aux thérapies anti-angiogéniques et aux chimiothérapies, ce qui suggère que le VEGF165b pourrait être un marqueur réponse au BVZ dans les CBnPCsVEGF-A is one of the most important factors during tumor neoangiogenesis. This role has made it a prime target for the development of therapies. Thus, various drugs targeting VEGF-A (Bevacizumab, Avastin®) or its signaling pathways (VEGFR inhibitors) are currently used in clinical practice, especially in lung adenocarcinomas treatment. However, despite promising initial results, many patients are refractory or escape these therapies, and sometimes, even develop more aggressive tumors. To date, there is no means to identify patients who are likely to respond these treatments. Recently, new splicing variants of VEGF-A resulting from an alternative splicing at the last exon, were identified and called VEGFxxxb. Unlike VEGFxxx, these variants are antiangiogenic. If paracrine effects of VEGF-A isoforms on endothelial cells have been well characterized, few studies have examined their autocrine effects on tumor cells expressing VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. In this context, the main aim of our study was to determine the expression status and biological functions of VEGF165b in primary tumors and derived cell models of non small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Our results identify variable expression profiles of VEGF165b in NSCLC patients, and show that high levels of intratumoral VEGF165b are associated with lymph node metastases. Furthermore, our results identify an autocrine loop through which the VEGFR1/VEGFR2 activation by VEGF165b leads to the appearance a more invasive phenotype on tumor cells. Finally, our results show that treatment of tumor cells by Bevacizumab (BVZ) but also platinum salts, with which it is associated clinics, increases VEGF165b expression and autocrine signaling, which leads to appearance of tumor cells that are more aggressive and resistant to cisplatin-induced apoptosis. These results are the first evidence of the VEGF165b ability to signalize on tumor cells. In a second stage of our work, we investigated the potential role of β1 and β3 integrins in maintaining VEGF165b signaling in NSCLC cells. We show that VEGF165b activates beta1 integrin. This activation leads to a rearrangement of the actin cytoskeleton in stress fibers, which may promote tumor cell migration. Interestingly, BVZ is able to induce this same phenotype by a mechanism requiring the expression of VEGF165b , beta1 integrin and beta3 integrin. The formation of these stress fibers is associated with the activation of downstream signaling pathways involving proteins phosphorylation of FAK and cofilin. In addition, we highlight the existence of neuropilin-2/β1 integrin complexes in NSCLC cells, which are likely to participate in these pathways activation. Thus, VEGF165b and especially BVZ appear able to signal through beata1 and beta3 integrins NSCLC cells, suggesting a role of these integrins in tumor cells response to antiangiogenic therapies. In conclusion, our results are the first evidence of a role of VEGF165b in NSCLC progression and response to antiangiogenic therapies and chemotherapies; they suggest that VEGF165b could be a marker of response to BVZ in NSCLC
50
Van, Tonder Esmarie. "The prevalence of dietary related complementary and alternative therapies and their usefulness among cancer patients attending the Colney Cancer Center in the Norwich Area, United Kingdom." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/796.
Full text