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Urs Baier, Norman, and Joel Costan Zovi. "Flexible Robot Programming using Solid Edge’s “Alternative Assemblies”." Athens Journal of Τechnology & Engineering 9, no. 1 (February 17, 2022): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajte.9-1-1.
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Many assembly processes in small and medium-sized enterprises are still performed by human labour. One reason for this is the need for another expert to program the robot, which would simply not fit into the company structure. To address this issue a solution is developed, which allows to program the robot directly out of the CAD software. The positions of the parts are read out of the CAD file. Specific assembly instructions have to be given by the assembly developer and integrated in the tree structure of the CAD. To avoid collisions and ensure correct insertion angles, additional waypoints are given by alternate assemblies, a functionality within Solid Edge to create and use variations of an assembly. Keywords: assembly, task planning, intelligent and flexible manufacturing, CAD
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Handayani, Fajar Sri, Florentina Pungky Pramesti, Mochamad Agung Wibowo, and Ary Setyawan. "Agency cost estimation on flexible and rigid pavement." MATEC Web of Conferences 258 (2019): 02020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925802020.
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Flexible pavement is a road pavement type which is commonly used, however rigid pavement is also widely used now days in Indonesia. It has even been used for local roads (managed by local authority), which take in heavy vehicle loads. This rigid pavement is used because it has longer service life and higher durability. The need for a durable road resulted in higher construction costs, whereas the budget for local road design and construction is often limited. This study aims to evaluate the agency costs that must be incurred for flexible and rigid pavement construction. Two alternatives of design life are simulated for each type of pavement, namely design lives of 10+10 year and 20 year for flexible pavement and design lives of 20+20 year and 40 year for rigid pavement. The agency costs of those alternatives are analysed using Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) program-RealCost 2.5. The results show agency costs for alternative flexible pavement 1 (design life of 10y + 10y) and alternative 2 (design life of 20 y) are $ 1,421,930 and $ 1,061,680 respectively. Furthermore for the rigid pavement, the agency cost for alternative 1 (design life 20y + 20 y) and alternative 2 (design life 40 y) is $. 443,990 and $. 350,870 respectively.
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Howell, Doug, and Michael Chelius. "Alternative Fuel Vehicle Programs: Applicability of Government Incentives." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1587, no. 1 (January 1997): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1587-01.
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The effectiveness of state and local government programs that are intended to foster the use of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) and the use of government-based incentives to enhance the effectiveness of government AFV programs are analyzed. The findings from surveys of all 50 states of officials overseeing or managing state AFV programs are reported. The survey investigated AFV program motivation, financing, fuel tracking, barriers, applicability of incentives, and future needs. Research revealed that most AFV programs are in their infancy and are focused on basic needs, such as AFV procurement and refueling infrastructure development. Research also revealed that the federal AFV purchase and air quality mandates are the primary reason states engage in AFV activities, and federal funds are the primary funding source. Federal AFV purchase mandates are clearly stimulating activity; however, delay and modification of these mandates have a deleterious effect on state AFV programs. Many officials indicated that dual and bifuel AFVs do not use alternative fuels and that tracking of fuel use is limited. Political support, “fuel neutrality,” and increased AFV promotion were reported as important to program success. The authors conclude that both federal mandates and incentives are important, if not critical, for continued AFV progress at the state level. Using state programs as models, federal incentive programs should be flexible and fuel neutral, should reflect a “polluter pays” concept, should provide funds for federal mandates, and should address multiple federal goals.
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Thomas, Jeff, Bianca Coleman, and Ebba Herrlander Birgerson. "Preparing Initial Teacher Education Students for Flexible Learning Programs." Australian Journal of Teacher Education 47, no. 1 (January 2022): 66–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2022v47n1.5.
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In Australia, there is currently no official training pathway or qualification required for working in Flexible Learning Programs (FLPs). This causes a problem for both new teachers wishing to work in this area and for employers who have no way of knowing whether a new teacher has the appropriate skills or knowledge to teach in this alternative context. To address this problem, we designed and implemented a program during which Initial Teacher Education (ITE) students were given the opportunity to experience teaching in a FLP. Here we report on the experiences and perceptions of the preparation program from the perspectives of the key stakeholders, including the ITE students, FLP staff, and the young people attending the FLP. All stakeholders perceived the project to be a success in enabling the ITE students to gain valuable theoretical knowledge and practical experience of the FLP context.
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Saputra, Asrul, Edy Purwanto, and Miftahul Fauziah. "Alternatif Desain Perkerasan Jalan dan Perkuatan Lereng Longsor." Rekayasa Sipil 17, no. 2 (May 3, 2023): 192–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.rekayasasipil.2023.017.02.11.
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This study aims to provide an alternative design for flexible pavement and slope reinforcemen. To simplify the analysis process, this research will use the Geo5 program, the Kenpave program, the Bina Marga 2017, the Fellenius method, and the Wedge method. The results of alternative 3 flexible pavement designs are AC-WC 4 cm, AC-BC 5 cm, AC Base 6 cm, and LFA Class A 40 cm, with a load repetition value of 2.363.985 ESAL until deformation damage occurs at a service life of 20 years. For the soil nailing slope reinforcement design, the safe factor value is 1.90 ≥ 1.30 for the Wedge method calculation, and the safety factor value is 1.34 ≥ 1.30 for the results of the Geo5 program.
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Potteiger, Kelly, Christopher David Brown, and Leamor Kahanov. "Altering the Athletic Training Curriculum: A Unique Perspective on Learning Over Time." Athletic Training Education Journal 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2012): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/070260.
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Context: The cohort athletic training curriculum features a competency-based approach that allows the student to matriculate through the program in a systematic fashion. This method is desired as it allows for efficient delivery and mastery of the educational content and associated clinical skills. The result may be an inflexible curriculum that can be unforgiving when unforeseen circumstances arise. Objective: To introduce a unique curricular design to the undergraduate athletic training setting that is more flexible than the traditional curricular model. Background: Athletic training education has expanded and proliferated greatly since 1998. The high rate of growth resulted in programs that are similar in design. The curricular structure is based on competency-based categories whose subjects rely on each other so strongly that there is little flexibility. This rigidity can create matriculation issues for students who are unable to proceed through the program at the required pace. Synthesis: Review of the current curricular model and accompanying literature indicates a desire for a new curricular model to provide flexibility within the athletic training curriculum. Results: The Adaptive Athletic Training model provides a flexible alternative to the cohort athletic training curriculum. This design uses a holistic and problem-based approach that is more closely associated with the entry-level workplace. Limitations include its ability to conform directly to the Commission onbetter Accreditation of Athletic Training Education competency matrix and the increased academic resources needed for implementation. Recommendations: Professional athletic training education programs should examine whether their current curricular model benefits their student population in the greatest extent. If room for improvement is identified, then alternative curricular models should be explored. Conclusions: The Adaptive Athletic Training model provides a flexible curricular option when examining alternative professional athletic training education program curriculums.
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McWilliam, Carol L., Moira Stewart, Evelyn Vingilis, Jeffrey Hoch, Catherine Ward-Griffin, Allan Donner, Gina Browne, Peter Coyte, and Karen Anderson. "Flexible Client-Driven In-Home Case Management: An Option to Consider." Care Management Journals 5, no. 2 (June 2004): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/cmaj.5.2.73.66281.
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Changes in health services and care needs have created high demand for case management of in-home services. To address this challenge, several models of case management have been used. Evaluations to date suggest that clients need different approaches for different circumstances at different times to optimize cost-effectiveness. Accordingly, one Canadian home care program adopted flexible client-driven case management, engaging clients as partners in flexibly selecting either an integrated team, consumer-managed or brokerage model of case management in keeping with their preferences and abilities. Using an exploratory, multimeasure quasi-experimental design, a generic model of program evaluation, and both quantitative and qualitative methods, researchers identified challenges in implementing this intervention, policy impediments the clients characteristically in each of the three case management models, and client, provider, and caregiver outcomes of flexible, client-driven care. While further longitudinal investigation is needed, findings suggest several important considerations for those interested in this option for care management. Alternative case management models do attract different client groups, and having a choice does not alter care costs or outcomes. Flexible client-driven case management may be experienced positively by case managers and other providers.
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Hatjimihail, Aristides T. "A Tool for the Design and Evaluation of Alternative Quality-Control Procedures." Clinical Chemistry 38, no. 2 (February 1, 1992): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/38.2.204.
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Abstract I have developed an interactive microcomputer simulation program for the design, comparison, and evaluation of alternative quality-control (QC) procedures. The program estimates the probabilities for rejection under different conditions of random and systematic error when these procedures are used and plots their power function graphs. It also estimates the probabilities for detection of critical errors, the defect rate, and the test yield. To allow a flexible definition of the QC procedures, it includes an interpreter. Various characteristics of the analytical process and the QC procedure can be user-defined. The program extends the concepts of the probability for error detection and of the power function to describe the results of the introduction of error between runs and within a run. The usefulness of this approach is illustrated with some examples.
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Hatfield, F. J., and D. C. Wiggert. "Water Hammer Response of Flexible Piping by Component Synthesis." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 113, no. 1 (February 1, 1991): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2928721.
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Water hammer pressure in piping is modified by the consequent motion of the piping. In general, accurate estimates of dynamic pressure and pipe displacement must account for this interaction. One approach is to formulate and solve the coupled equations of motion for the liquid and pipe structure. Implementation for practical pipe systems would require a computer code comparable in scope to a structural finite element program combined with a hydrodynamics program. This paper presents an alternative approach that utilizes any available finite element program to compute natural frequencies and mode shapes of the piping, and then uses those modes to modify a hydrodynamic analysis and to predict motion of the piping. An example analysis demonstrates application of the method to assess the consequence of removing a brace intended to restrain pipe motion caused by water hammer. Results are compared to those given by analyses that neglect the effect of pipe motion on pressure.
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Klingner, Donald E., and Dahlia Bradshaw Lynn. "Beyond Civil Service: The Changing Face of Public Personnel Management." Public Personnel Management 26, no. 2 (June 1997): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102609702600201.
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Contemporary public personnel management differs from the past because it is characterized by two emergent alternatives to traditional civil service systems for delivering public services: alternative mechanisms and flexible employment relationships. These alternatives are not new, but they are more commonplace than before. And when new public programs are designed, these alternatives have largely supplanted traditional public program delivery by “permanent” civil service employees hired through appropriated funds. Under these circumstances, it is reasonable to ask how competent are public personnel managers to deal with human resource management under these new conditions, given that most of their training and experience has been in working with traditional civil service systems and collective bargaining arrangements. This article will (1) clarify the alternatives to traditional public personnel management; (2) discuss their impact on the role of the public personnel manager; and (3) evaluate the adequacy of training in this area based on information gathered from a focus group of local government personnel managers.1
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Windmann, Stefan, Kaja Balzereit, and Oliver Niggemann. "Model-based routing in flexible manufacturing systems." at - Automatisierungstechnik 67, no. 2 (February 25, 2019): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/auto-2018-0108.
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Abstract In this paper, a model-based routing approach for flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) with alternative routes for the work pieces is proposed. For each work piece, an individual task has to be accomplished, which consists of several processing steps. Each processing step can be executed on alternative working stations of the FMS. The proposed routing method employs a model of the conveying system to find energy efficient and fast routes for the respective work pieces. The conveying system model is based on a directed graph, where the individual conveyors are modeled as weighted edges. It can be straightforwardly applied to several types of FMS by adjusting the application-dependent parameters. Efficient computation of the fastest route through the conveying system is accomplished by means of dynamic programming, i. e., by integration of Dijkstra’s algorithm in a dynamic programming framework, which is based on the proposed conveying system model. Additional consideration of energy efficiency aspects leads to a Mixed Integer Quadratically Constraint Program (MIQCP), which is solved by substitution of Dijkstra’s algorithm by a branch and bound method. Experimental results for an application scenario, where the energy efficient routing method is applied to route work pieces between the working stations of an FMS, lead to 20 % reduction of energy consumption on average.
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Kennedy, Stephen J., and J. J. Roger Cheng. "Behaviour of transversely loaded continuous steel–concrete composite plates: experimental program and test results." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 19, no. 2 (April 1, 1992): 323–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l92-036.
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It is apparent from a review of the literature and current research related to the design of ice-resisting walls for offshore structures that there is a need for more efficient designs of these structural elements. The object of this study was to examine an alternate structural element for ice-resisting walls, a flexible composite plate system, which is simple in detail, design, and construction and utilizes the capacity of the section.An exploratory experimental program was undertaken to determine the strength and behaviour of flexible steel–concrete composite sandwich plates, without mechanical shear interconnectors, subject to transverse loads. A series of six composite plate elements, continuous over supporting composite bulkheads and axially restrained, were tested with a four-point load system. The primary variables investigated were plate thickness, which varied from 3.18 to 6.35 mm, and section depth which gave span-to-depth ratios from 15 to 25.Three regions of behaviour of the composite plates were observed: flexural, flexural membrane, and membrane. The flexural capacity is limited by the development of a plastic mechanism, and the ultimate capacity is limited by the tensile–shear strength of the double membrane steel plates. The average maximum centre-span deflection at failure exceeded one-sixth of the span. The characteristics of the flexible composite plates make it a favourable alternative to conventional and semi-rigid composite plate construction. Key words: composite, concrete, ductility, energy absorption, flexible, flexural behaviour, membrane behaviour, plates, steel.
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Näsholm, Malin H., and Tomas Blomquist. "Co-creation as a strategy for program management." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 8, no. 1 (January 5, 2015): 58–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-10-2013-0063.
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Purpose – Little attention has been paid to the initial development of programs. The purpose of this paper is to explore co-creation as an alternative strategic approach for program management. Co-creation of programs means that the projects within the program are created by the users and producers of the projects. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a case study of the co-creation approach of the Umeå 2014 European Capital of Culture program. The empirical material analyzed consists of qualitative interviews with members of the Umeå 2014 team and the politicians involved, as well as secondary data on the program. Findings – The Umeå 2014 Capital of Culture program takes the form of a platform that makes meetings and interactions possible. Co-creation allows for creative cultural projects to emerge, but the program becomes reliant on the different actors involved. Balancing dilemmas of multiple stakeholders and maintaining control while enabling the emergence of ideas is key. Practical implications – These findings have practical implications for the management of more emergent program structures. A flexible organization with guiding values and criteria to balance the different projects can be used to achieve program goals when multiple stakeholders have their own agendas. Originality/value – This paper contributes to research on program management by introducing the concept of co-creation as a strategic approach for program management. The creative and innovative benefits of co-creation can be reached in the development of programs but other challenges for their management are involved.
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Halas, Joannie. "Engaging Alienated Youth in Physical Education: An Alternative Program with Lessons for the Traditional Class." Journal of Teaching in Physical Education 21, no. 3 (April 2002): 267–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jtpe.21.3.267.
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This paper presents a case study of a physical education program for troubled youth attending an adolescent treatment center. The site selected for study was deliberately chosen due to the alternative nature of the physical education program and its apparent success in helping to connect students to their school environment. The researcher, as bricoleur, used a variety of methodological tools and strategies to collect data that corresponded to the study’s entry question: How does the physical education program work? Constructed from the data is the story of a gymnasium culture that has been carefully crafted to promote physically and psychologically safe participation that is fair and flexible, where students are encouraged to play just for fun, and a lack of competence is positioned as an opportunity to learn. By incorporating the theoretical framework of the “Circle of Courage” (Brendtro, Brokenleg, & Van Bockern, 1998) into the data analysis, this paper is intended to show how physical education can provide a reclaiming versus alienating learning environment for young people.
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Uvarov, Sergey, Sergey Lyzlov, and Marina Katina. "Flexible Hardware and Software for Practical Studies in "Microprocessor Devices of Control Systems" Discipline." Automation on transport 8, no. 2 (June 14, 2022): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.20295/2412-9186-2022-8-2-218-226.
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The article considers a new methodology for specialist training in the field of microprocessor control systems based on filling an educational process with jobs of real practical content which’re performed by project team in the conditions of the access absence to a laboratory equipment. The matter is that during the study of theoretical disciplines of technical trend, practical classes, fulfilled in the form of laboratory works, are aimed at fundamental knowledge confirmation in a subject area by the way of experiment conduction, at that, experiments themselves can be organized not only on a laboratory equipment but also in modeling programs. The stated goals for theoretical information backing are achieved by fulfillment laboratory work and subsequent defense. Together, in training programs for specialists in applied technical spheres, for example, in the program of specialist preparation on "Control in technical systems" course, it’s provided the study of disciplines in which practical content prevails over theoretical one. Thus, for example, in the course "Electronics and fundamentals of microprocessor technology", it’s taught a necessary theoretical basis for the discipline "Microprocessor devices of control systems", and in the program itself of the pointed discipline, it’s provided the study of device construction approaches with the use of universal microprocessors and microcontrollers as well as of programming basics of them. Namely that is why in the curriculum of "Microprocessor devices of control systems" discipline, there’re provided not laboratory but practical works which in the course, students, performing tasks, program microcontrollers which interact with external devices in simple but functionally complete control devices. However, a laboratory equipment turns out to be unavailable during distance learning that predetermined the search for alternative forms of organization of practical works out-of-door of a university. The search for a suitable solution, besides the solution of laboratory equipment unavailability problem, led to the possibility to organize practical works with the use of a management project method.
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Fusaro, Vincent A. "State Variation in TANF Expenditures: Implications for Social Work and Social Policy." Social Work 66, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sw/swab002.
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Abstract The Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program is a federal block grant to the states, with a required state contribution. Although often viewed as a cash assistance program with work requirements and services targeted at extremely low-income families with children, only about one-quarter of all state and federal TANF funds are now used for traditional cash aid. Uses of funds vary widely by state, and alternatives range from refundable tax credits to support of state child welfare systems. In this article, the author examines the relationship between state categorical TANF spending and key social, political, and economic characteristics using data from 2015 to 2017 and multilevel linear models. Racial and ethnic demographics of the cash assistance caseload are associated with differences in spending, with states with larger proportions of the caseload composed of people of color devoting a lower percentage of effort to traditional benefits and more to alternative cash transfers. Changes in unemployment rate within states are associated with greater spending on basic assistance and reduced spending on alternative transfers. These findings indicate that, although TANF cash benefits spending may be economically responsive within the program’s overall flexible structure, spending patterns raise issues of equity for disadvantaged families.
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Mirasol, Ken, P. Acosta Noli, and Analou Nicolas. "Flexibility and Personalization of Learning in the Senior High Open High School Program: Basis for Enhanced Alternative Delivery Mode of Teaching and Learning." American Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Innovation 2, no. 4 (July 7, 2023): 13–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajmri.v2i4.1758.
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The Open High School Program is an alternative approach to providing secondary education available to learners. This program places significant importance on promoting independent learning, self-paced study, and flexibility to cater to individuals who face challenges that prevent them from starting or completing their secondary education. This study examined the flexibility and personalization of learning of senior high school learners enrolled in OHSP. The study utilized a descriptive-correlational design using a validated survey questionnaire with seventy-five senior high OHSP learners. Descriptive statistics using frequency, percentage, weighted mean, and rank were used to analyze the data. On the other hand, inferential statistics using t-test and ANOVA were used to determine the significant relationship between the demographic profile and the flexibility and personalization of learning of the respondents. Results revealed that OHSP provided senior high learners with a learning experience that is flexible and personalized. The comparison between the learners’ demographic profile and the flexibility and personalization of learning was revealed to be not significant. It is recommended that the OHSP must be enhanced further to provide a more flexible and personalized learning environment enabling learners to tailor their learning experience according to their individual needs, interests, and preferences.
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Laursen, Johan Sund, Lars-Peter Ellekilde, and Ulrik Pagh Schultz. "Modelling reversible execution of robotic assembly." Robotica 36, no. 5 (January 11, 2018): 625–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574717000613.
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SUMMARYProgramming robotic assembly for industrial small-batch production is challenging; hence, it is vital to increase robustness and reduce development effort in order to achieve flexible robotic automation. A human who has made an assembly error will often simply undo the process until the error is undone and then restart the assembly. Conceptually, robots could do the same. This paper introduces a programming model that enables robot assembly programs to be executed in reverse. We investigate the challenges in running robot programs backwards and present a classification of reversibility characteristics. We demonstrate how temporarily switching the direction of program execution can be an efficient error recovery mechanism. Moreover, we demonstrate additional benefits arising from supporting reversibility in an assembly language, such as increased code reuse and automatically derived disassembly sequences. As a default approach to reversibility, we use program inversion and statement-level inversion of commands, but with a novel override option providing alternative sequences for asymmetric reverse actions. To efficiently program for this model, this paper introduces a new domain-specific language, SCP-RASQ (Simple C++ Reversible Assembly SeQuences). In initial experiments, where 200 consecutive assemblies of two industrial cases were performed, 18 of 22 errors were corrected automatically using only the trial-and-error capabilities that come from reverse execution.
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Painter, Kathleen M., and Douglas L. Young. "Environmental and Economic Impacts of Agricultural Policy Reform: An Interregional Comparison." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 26, no. 2 (December 1994): 451–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800026377.
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AbstractMathematical programming results revealed that moving toward more flexible agricultural policies would generate substantial economic and environmental gains in a North Carolina diversified cropping region. But in a Washington-Idaho dryland grains region, only the use of relatively new and sometimes problematic alternative cropping systems permitted environmental and economic gains under policy reform. In both regions, a recoupling policy, which links government payments to resource-conserving farming practices, was needed to protect environmental quality when market prices for program crops were high.
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Xu, P., J. Marsalek, and I. K. Tsanis. "An Alternative Approach for Computation of Annual Toxic Contaminant Loadings in Urban Runoff." Water Quality Research Journal 29, no. 1 (February 1, 1994): 75–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1994.005.
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Abstract An alternative approach was presented for estimating annual toxic contaminant loadings in urban runoff. In this method, the mean contaminant concentrations are calculated by a regression method. In the computation of contaminant loadings, the load component transported by the liquid phase was estimated by multiplying the mean concentration in water by the runoff volume simulated by the STORM model. The load component transported by suspended solids was calculated by multiplying the mean concentration in solids by the event mean solids concentrations reported in the NURP Program. The loadings calculated by this method were compared with those obtained from whole water samples, and the differences are within an order of magnitude. Since more parameters are used in this approach, it appears more suitable for use in sensitivity analysis of parameters, and more flexible in evaluations of controls measures.
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Subramanian, S., P. K. Das, W. Souza, T. Lapa, A. F. Furtado, C. P. B. Van der Ploeg, J. D. F. Habbema, G. J. van Oortmarssen, and A. P. Plaisier. "The LYMFASIM Simulation Program for Modeling Lymphatic Filariasis and its Control." Methods of Information in Medicine 37, no. 01 (1998): 97–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1634505.
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Abstract:The LYMFASIM modeling framework for the transmission and control of the tropical parasitic disease lymphatic filariasis is described and its use in the context of an endemic community in north-eastern Brazil is illustrated. Lymphatic filariasis is a disease with a complex natural history with many unknowns. This complicates decision making with respect to control strategies. With LYMFASIM, a variety of hypotheses can be tested about the life history of the parasite Wuchereria bancrofti, its transmission from man to man through mosquitoes, the role of the immune system in regulating parasite numbers, the development of disease symptoms, and the effects of control measures (drug treatment or mosquito control). The implications of alternative assumptions and uncertainty about the quantification of parameters for the effectiveness of control strategies can be investigated. Thanks to the use of stochastic microsimulation, LYMFASIM is highly flexible and can be adapted and extended as new knowledge emerges.
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Boryga, Marek, and Paweł Kołodziej. "Stress Analysis of the Sugar Beet Lifter with the Finite Element Method (FEM)." Agricultural Engineering 23, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agriceng-2019-0023.
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AbstractThe article presents the method of creating a 3D model of a passive lifter with (polder) plowshares, used in sugar beet harvesters, along with stages of its preparation and results of stress analysis. The computer simulation takes into account force timelines obtained during field tests of the tool. The Stress analysis module of the Autodesk Inventor program was used for the analysis, using the finite element method (FEM). The analysis included the elements that constitute the working part of the lifter, whereas elements of the flexible system were omitted. The results confirm that the lifter structure was developed correctly in terms of durability. The highest reduced stresses, calculated according to the Huber-Mises-Hencky (HMH) hypothesis, were 128.4 MPa (the minimum value of the safety factor related to the yield point is 1.61). The paper also discusses the construction of two flexible couplings with infinitely variable torsional stiffness, which can be used as an alternative solution for a typical flexible system: a shock absorber and a helical spring.
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MUHTAROĞLU, Ali. "Surgical Assistant Training in the Digital Age: The Role of Virtual Academies." Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 12, no. 3 (September 26, 2023): 877–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1275429.
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This article aims to explore virtual academies' place in surgical assistant training.
This article reviews the existing literature on virtual academies and surgical assistant training and analyses the advantages and limitations of virtual academies as a training option.
Virtual academies offer a flexible, cost-effective way for students to learn and practice surgical assisting techniques in a simulated environment. They provide various tools and resources to help students understand the necessary skills, including interactive simulations and access to experienced instructors and mentors. Graduates of virtual academy programs report feeling well-prepared and confident in their abilities, and some employers have begun to recognise virtual academy training as a viable alternative to traditional programs.
Virtual academies have the potential to play an essential role in the training of surgical assistants. While they are not a perfect solution, they offer an accessible and cost-effective option for students who may not have access to traditional training programs. With effective program design and student support, virtual academies can provide students with the necessary skills and knowledge to succeed in surgical assisting.
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Hanna, Paulette B., Awad S. Hanna, and Thomas A. Papagiannakis. "Knowledge-based advisory system for flexible pavement routine maintenance." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 20, no. 1 (February 1, 1993): 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l93-016.
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One of the most pressing problems facing Canada is the condition of roadway infrastructure. Making good maintenance decisions requires years of practical experience and judgement. Expert systems have great potential for solving pavement maintenance problems that usually require significant human expertise for solution. Expert systems, also known as knowledge-based systems, have been used as a means for conveying pavement maintenance knowledge gained through research and field experience to individuals responsible for maintaining asphalt pavements. An expert system is defined as an interactive computer program which documents judgement, experience, intuition, and other information in order to provide knowledgeable advice.This paper describes the development of PMAS, a pavement maintenance advisory system, which can assist highway engineers in planning effective flexible or asphalt concrete pavement maintenance strategies. The system uses two alternative commercial expert system shells. The system questions the user in a multiple-choice format in everyday English and (or) by using pictures. The user responds by selecting one or more of the choices provided by the system. At the end of the consultation session, the system displays the most appropriate maintenance strategy along with its life expectancy. PMAS facilitates the decision-making process and could serve as a consultant for field engineers. Key words: expert system, knowledge-based system, pavement maintenance.
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Piggott, Gillian S. J. "Rogers' Chocolates Ltd. and the Corporation of the City of Victoria: A Case Comment on Involuntary Designation and the Conservation of Heritage Buildings." International Journal of Cultural Property 18, no. 2 (May 2011): 225–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0940739111000117.
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AbstractThe process adopted by the local government to protect the interior of an old building in Victoria, British Columbia, culminated in a significant compensation award in favor of the building's owner and highlights the shortcomings of a coercive regulatory approach to heritage conservation. This study focuses on the relationship between cooperative resolution of conflicts between the rights of the public to protect heritage buildings and the rights of private property owners to the use of their property without interference, on the one hand, and the long-term utility and conservation of historic buildings and the sustainability of local government heritage programs, on the other. Analysis includes discussion on (a) key issues arising out of an involuntary heritage designation, (b) flexible alternative conservation mechanisms and incentives available to local governments, (c) approaches to conservation of heritage buildings in other jurisdictions, and (d) opportunities for improvement in the local government heritage conservation program.
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Anderson, Kate, Susan Balandin, Roger J. Stancliffe, and Claire Layfield. "Parents' Perspectives on Tele-AAC Support for Families with a New Speech Generating Device: Results from an Australian Pilot Study." Perspectives on Telepractice 4, no. 2 (September 2014): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/teles4.2.52.
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Telepractice is rapidly gaining popularity as a cost-effective and convenient alternative to in-person services for a range of speech-language pathology (SLP) applications. To date, there has been little research investigating the use of telepractice to support families with a new speech generating device (SGD). This paper reports on the outcomes of a novel online training and support program, trialed with 4 underserviced Australian families of children with a new SGD. The program consisted of 6 video-narrated lessons on SGD use, along with an online supervision and practice component conducted via videoconference. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with parents following their completion of the program. Parents noted the telepractice support model offered a range of benefits, including convenient service access and flexible learning options. Challenges included technology limitations and increased pressure on parents to coordinate home practice. Overall, parents reported that the telepractice program was a positive experience for them and their children. Findings indicated that telepractice is a promising mode of service delivery for those learning to use a new SGD. Further research in this area is warranted.
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Ozimek, Tomasz, Michael H. Schneider, Marie C. Hupe, Judith R. Wiessmeyer, Jens Cordes, Piotr L. Chlosta, Axel S. Merseburger, and Mario Wolfgang Kramer. "Retrospective Cost Analysis of a Single-Center Reusable Flexible Ureterorenoscopy Program: A Comparative Cost Simulation of Disposable fURS as an Alternative." Journal of Endourology 31, no. 12 (December 2017): 1226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/end.2017.0427.
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van Dam, Leonie, Monique E. van Leerdam, Lieke Hol, Aafke H. van Roon, Jacqueline C. Reijerink, Marjolein van Ballegooijen, J. D. Habbema, Ernst J. Kuipers, and Ida J. Korfage. "M1192 Comparison of Participants and Non-Participants in a Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Screening Program, With an Alternative Invitation for Fecal Immunochemical Testing." Gastroenterology 138, no. 5 (May 2010): S—351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0016-5085(10)61618-6.
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Shofwan, Imam, and Sodiq Aziz Kuntoro. "PENGELOLAAN PROGRAM PEMBELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN ALTERNATIF KOMUNITAS BELAJAR QARYAH THAYYIBAH DI SALATIGA JAWA TENGAH." Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jppm.v1i1.2356.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan persepsi tentang pelaksanaan program pendidikan alternatif melalui pembelajaran di Komunitas Belajar Qaryah Thayyibah (KBQT) berkaitan dengan: (1) Filsafat pendidikan, (2) Pengelolaan pembelajaran, (3) Hasil pembelajaran, (4). Faktor pendukung dan penghambat.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologi interpretitif. Subyek penelitian adalah pendiri, pendamping dan warga belajar. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan: (1) riset kepustakaan, (2) teknik dokumentasi, (3) riset lapangan. Metode analisis data dilakukan dengan cara: (a) reduksi data, (b) penyajian data, (c) penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa: (1) Filosofi pendidikan menggunakan konsep Paulo Friere dengan pembelajaran kontruktivisme maupum rekontruktivisme, (2) Pengelolaan program pembelajaran berkaitan: (a) perencanaan yang dilakukan oleh, untuk dan bagi komunitas; (b) pelaksanaan pembelajaran dilakukan secara fleksibel; (c) evaluasi dilakukan dengan melaporkan catatan kegiatan belajar, (3) Hasil pembelajaran diwujudkan dalam bentuk karya, (4) Faktor pendukungnya adalah teman komunitas, dan faktor penghambatnya adalah kurang memahami konsep pembelajaran serta kurangnya pendampingan yang efektif.Kata Kunci: pendidikan alternatif, komunitas belajar MANAGEMENT LEARNING PROGRAM ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION COMMUNITY LEARNING QARYAH THAYYIBAH IN SALATIGA CENTRAL JAVAAbstractThis study aims to reveal the perception of an alternative education program through the implementation of learning in Community Learning Qaryah Thayyibah (QTLC) relating to: (1) Philosophy of education, (2) learning management, (3) learning outcome, (4). Enabling and inhibiting factors .This study used a qualitative approach interpretitif phenomenology. Subjects were founders, mentors and learners. Data collected by: (1) the research literature, (2) technical documentation, (3) research field. Methods of data analysis done by: (a) data reduction, (b) the presentation of the data, (c) drawing conclusions. The research results revealed that: (1) educational philosophy using the concept of Paulo Friere with constructivism learning, (2) Management related learning program: (a) planning done by, to and for the community, (b) the implementation of flexible learning is done; (c) evaluation is done by reporting record learning activities, (3) learning outcomes manifested in the form of work, (4) is a factor supporting community friends, and inhibiting factor is the lack of understanding of the concept of learning as well as the lack of effective mentoringKeywords: alternative education, community learning
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Klock-Moore, Kimberly A., George E. Fitzpatrick, and Richard K. Schoellhorn. "Development of a Bachelor of Science Degree Program in Horticulture at the University of Florida for Place-bound Students." HortTechnology 10, no. 2 (January 2000): 390–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.10.2.390.
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As the horticulture industry enters the 21st century, advances in horticulture science will continue to be more rapid and frequent creating the need for more innovative approaches in information delivery. Moreover, decentralization continues to be a widespread trend. Land-grant universities have a long tradition of providing outreach, but with the development of new telecommunication technologies, larger audiences now can be reached. Many universities throughout the world have developed distance education programs through the use of modern telecommunication technologies. However, the University of Florida has responded to the needs of place-bound students by developing off-campus resident Bachelor of Science (BS) degree programs in horticulture at three locations in the state. These off-campus programs combine on-site instruction augmented with distance education courses to giveplace-bound students a flexible, efficient, and interactive alternative to degree programs offered at the main campus.
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Vidal, Verónica, Scott Robertson, and Laura DeThorne. "Illustrating a Supports-Based Approach Toward Friendship With Autistic Students." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 27, no. 2 (May 3, 2018): 592–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-17-0075.
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Purpose The present clinical focus article describes and illustrates 3 key elements of a supports-based approach to enhancing friendship with autistic students. Method In comparison to the predominant skills-based approach, we highlight 3 key elements of a supports-based approach to social interaction for autistic children and youth. We then offer descriptive details of the activity-based music program as an illustrative example of a program that integrated all 3 elements of a supports-based approach. Specifically, we designed an activity-based music program to enhance social interaction among a 7-year-old autistic student and 4 of his nonautistic peers. Results We focused on 3 key elements of a supports-based approach for enhancing peer interaction: (a) focusing on participation in a shared activity, (b) encouraging flexible use of multiple communicative resources, and (c) supporting egalitarian interaction. Conclusion A supports-based approach presents a theoretically distinct and viable alternative to a skills-based approach in the design of social supports for autistic students and their peers.
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Hamdi, Ali. "Manajemen Mutu Program Diniyah Pada Pondok Pesantren MuhammadIyah Lamongan." Nidhomul Haq : Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan Islam 4, no. 2 (December 27, 2019): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.31538/ndh.v4i2.463.
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The main problem in this research is how the quality management developed at the madrasa diniyah is boarded in the muhammdiyah lamongan pesantren. In accordance with these problems, the objectives of this study are (1) how is the quality planning (2) how is the quality program implemented (3) How is quality monitoring and evaluation (4) how is the quality improvement action carried out by boarding muhammadyah lamongan boarding school. The research method uses qualitative methods, with the reason that the questions are open so that researchers can be flexible and can develop questions, because researchers want to describe and analyze the implementation of quality management in Islamic boarding schools in Muhammadiyah dilamongan, Madrasah diniyah Islamic boarding schools in Muhammadiyah Lamongan, the results of the study show that there are several diniyah muhammdiyah Islamic boarding school program in lamongan has developed quality management starting from planning, implementation of monitoring and evaluation as well as follow-up of quality improvement which is very synergic between madrasa and Islamic boarding school so that the existence of madrasa diniyah and pondok pesantren continues to develop. Recommendations, this study recommends that madrash diniyah and lamuh muhammadyah Islamic boarding schools should continue to be quality teamwork in improving quality with structured roles and responsibilities, and become models that can be used as alternative concepts for quality management of madrasa diniyah. Key words: Quality Management , Madrasah diniyah, and Islamic Boarding School Muhammadiyah dilamongan
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Soares, Jonathas Borges, Sidney Glina, Nelson Antunes Jr, Roberta Wonchockier, Andrea Giannotti Galuppo, and Françoise Elia Mizrahi. "Sperm tail flexibility test: a simple test for selecting viable spermatozoa for intracytoplasmic sperm injection from semen samples without motile spermatozoa." Revista do Hospital das Clínicas 58, no. 5 (2003): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0041-87812003000500003.
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PURPOSE: The objective was to describe the results of the injection of immotile spermatozoa with flexible tails when only immotile spermatozoa are present in the semen sample. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted to analyze the procedure results for 10 couples who participated in our intracytoplasmic sperm injection program. The sperm tail was considered flexible when it moved up and down independently of the head movement, and it was considered inflexible when the movement occurred together (tail plus head). The fertilization and pregnancy rate were analyzed. RESULTS: The normal fertilization rate (presence of 2 pronuclei) was 30.3% (40/132), and the abnormal fertilization rate (presence of less than or more than 2 pronuclei) was 6.81% (9/132). A total of 52 embryos were obtained with 9 transfer procedures performed (pregnancy rate: 11.12%). CONCLUSIONS: The sperm tail flexibility test (STFT) is an easy and cost-effective way for selecting viable immotile spermatozoa and can be used as an alternative method for determining the viability of spermatozoa. This test seems to be a simple and risk-free method when compared to the swelling test.
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Fatone, Stefania, William Brett Johnson, Lilly Tran, Kerice Tucker, Christofer Mowrer, and Ryan Caldwell. "Quantification of rectifications for the Northwestern University Flexible Sub-Ischial Vacuum Socket." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 41, no. 3 (January 17, 2017): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364616684165.
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Background:The fit and function of a prosthetic socket depend on the prosthetist’s ability to design the socket’s shape to distribute load comfortably over the residual limb. We recently developed a sub-ischial socket for persons with transfemoral amputation: the Northwestern University Flexible Sub-Ischial Vacuum Socket.Objective:This study aimed to quantify the rectifications required to fit the Northwestern University Flexible Sub-Ischial Vacuum Socket to teach the technique to prosthetists as well as provide a computer-aided design–computer-aided manufacturing option.Study Design:Development project.Methods:A program was used to align scans of unrectified and rectified negative molds and calculate shape change as a result of rectification. Averaged rectifications were used to create a socket template, which was shared with a central fabrication facility engaged in provision of Northwestern University Flexible Sub-Ischial Vacuum Sockets to early clinical adopters. Feedback regarding quality of fitting was obtained.Results:Rectification maps created from 30 cast pairs of successfully fit Northwestern University Flexible Sub-Ischial Vacuum Sockets confirmed that material was primarily removed from the positive mold in the proximal-lateral and posterior regions. The template was used to fabricate check sockets for 15 persons with transfemoral amputation. Feedback suggested that the template provided a reasonable initial fit with only minor adjustments.Conclusion:Rectification maps and template were used to facilitate teaching and central fabrication of the Northwestern University Flexible Sub-Ischial Vacuum Socket. Minor issues with quality of initial fit achieved with the template may be due to inability to adjust the template to patient characteristics (e.g. tissue type, limb shape) and/or the degree to which it represented a fully mature version of the technique.Clinical relevanceRectification maps help communicate an important step in the fabrication of the Northwestern University Flexible Sub-Ischial Vacuum Socket facilitating dissemination of the technique, while the average template provides an alternative fabrication option via computer-aided design–computer-aided manufacturing and central fabrication.
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Novaliendry, Dony, Asrul Huda, Muhammad Rinov Cuhanazriansyah, Hesty Kumala Sani, Herisvan Hendra, and Joni Karnando. "E-Learning Based Web Programming Course in the COVID 19 Pandemic Time." International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 15, no. 20 (October 25, 2021): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v15i20.23749.
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The learning process in the STKIP PGRI West Sumatra Informatics Education Study Program still uses conventional learning methods, namely through face-to-face contact between lecturers and students in the class. The traditional learning method currently taking place has limitations that can hinder the learning process, such as limited time and space to interact with each other, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. With these conditions, the online learning process is an alternative to support learning in its current state, with technological developments that can simplify the learning process and make the time more flexible and support the learning process anywhere, anytime, and anyone. An electronic learning system (E-Learning) was created from these conditions, which is expected to be an alternative solution for online learning to overcome the STKIP PGRI West Sumatra Informatics Education Study Program's limitations, especially in introductory web programming courses. E-learning is designed using the System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) method supported by the PHP programming language and implementing the Laravel Framework. The learning process using E-learning is designed using localhost as the central server. This study's results resulted in an E-learning application built based on the analysis and design recommended by the STKIP PGRI West Sumatra informatics education study program. With this application, it is hoped that it can simplify the online learning process, especially in existing introductory web programming courses.
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Chalmers, Jennifer Harley. "Online Marriage Education During COVID-19 Home Lockdown: A Multiple-Baseline Single-Case Experimental Design." Interpersona: An International Journal on Personal Relationships 14, no. 2 (December 22, 2020): 150–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/ijpr.v14i2.3971.
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Flexible-delivery marriage education (ME) has many advantages over traditional alternatives in reaching couples during the time of COVID-19 lockdown or other national emergencies. In an effort to add to the research of flexible-delivery ME, this exploratory study evaluated an online class adapted from an empirically-validated, marriage curriculum (Four Gifts of Love Class, [FGL]) under home lockdown conditions lasting over 2 months caused by COVID-19 government restrictions. Using a concurrent multiple-baseline single-case experimental design, three distressed couples residing in the Philippines completed seven online lessons over 7 weeks while experiencing home lockdown. Visual analysis of the data suggested that all three couples responded positively to the intervention. The Tau-U and SMDall analyses for each couple ranged from a small to large effect size on measures of marital adjustment (weighted average Tau-U = .50, p < .05; BC-SMD = 0.34) and romantic love (weighted average Tau-U = .52, p < .01; BC-SMD = 0.31), with increases reaching clinical and statistical significance for one couple out of the three. In addition, there was no attrition. The promising results from this preliminary study suggested that the online adaptation of FGL as a flexible-delivery ME could mitigate marital decline, especially during times of calamity when traditional-delivery ME is unavailable and marital decline is predicted. Further study of this program and other online ME programs are recommended to expand the limited research in this area of flexible-delivery ME.
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Alves, Cristiano Nunes. "Buscando alternativas cartográficas: uma metodologia de subversão do sistema de informação geográfica." RUA 22, no. 1 (June 16, 2016): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/rua.v22i1.8646072.
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Parte da construção de uma geografia renovada, amparada numa metodologia de pesquisa maleável, indaga sobre as possibilidades de subverter as funções técnicas do sistema de informação geográfica (SIG), utilizando-se de suas bases cartográficas, todavia, buscando uma produção alternativa ao sugestionado por meio de softwares de mapeamento. Para tanto, a proposta metodológica aqui apresentada, conduz a uma produção cartográfica subsidiada por programas gratuitamente disponíveis e de fácil manipulação, tais quais: Google Earth, editores de slides e editores de figuras. Procura-se, desse modo, conferir autonomia a geógrafos e demais pesquisadores, buscando contribuir para a discussão acerca da produção de cartografias mais flexíveis, menos ancoradas nas certezas que apenas o espaço euclidiano pode abrigar.Abstract: Part of building a renewed geography, supported in a flexible methodology research, we ask for possibilities to subvert the technical functions of geographic information system (GIS), using their cartographic databases, although, looking for an alternative way to the cartographic production that is usually induced by the standard of mapping software’s. Due this, the methodology introduced in this article comes to subsidize a cartographic production by the use of programs that have free access and are easy to handle, as such: Google Earth, editor of figures and editor of slides. Therewith we intend empower geographers and other researchers expecting that this proposal contribute to the discussion about producing a flexible cartography, less rooted in the certainty that only the Euclidean space can shelter.Keywords: medium-technical-scientific-informational; cartography; alternative methodology; geographic information system.
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Habashi, N. M., U. R. Borg, and H. N. Reynolds. "An in Vitro Physiologic Model for Cardiopulmonary Simulation: A System for ECMO Training." International Journal of Artificial Organs 17, no. 7 (July 1994): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039139889401700706.
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Extracorporeal life support (ELS) systems may be run by certified perfusionists, specially trained nurses or respiratory therapy staff. Guidelines for the training, certification and retraining of ELS operators have been established by the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization. Recommendations include “… a well defined program for staff training, certification, and retraining”. Some clinicians have suggested that ELS operators be certified and recertified in an animal laboratory. But such practice involves veterinary expenses, animal use issues and considerable clean-up and disposal. We describe an alternative method of training, using an in vitro physiologic model designed to simulate various pathophysiologic states. In addition, the in vitro physiologic model may be used to evaluate membrane lung characteristics. This model's ease of construction, maintenance and use for training compared with live animal techniques are discussed. Research capabilities may be more flexible than with the use of the live animal technique. The in vitro physiologic model can be a useful and convenient asset to an extracorporeal membrane oxygenation/extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal (ECMO/ECCO2R) program.
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Posner, Joshua L., Michael D. Casler, and Jon O. Baldock. "The Wisconsin integrated cropping systems trial: Combining agroecology with production agronomy." American Journal of Alternative Agriculture 10, no. 3 (September 1995): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0889189300006238.
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AbstractTwo large-scale (25 ha) trials were initiated in 1989 in Wisconsin to compare six alternative production systems regarding productivity, profitability, and environmental impact. The project was designed and is managed by a coalition of farmers, extension agents and research personnel. Deliberations between production-oriented and ecologically oriented team members resulted in a factorial design, with two enterprise types (cash grain and forage-livestock) and three levels of biological complexity. Statistical methods have been used to identify the most efficient plot size, plot shape, and block shape, and the optimal procedures for sampling soil characteristics. A uniformity year was allowed before initiation of the trial, and the start was staggered. We defined treatments as production strategies rather than a specific set of inputs, which led to a more flexible plot management program.
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Wilson, Tonia J., and Melina Alexander. "HyFlex Course Delivery: Addressing the Change in Course Modality Brought on by the Pandemic." Journal of the International Society for Teacher Education 25, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/jiste.v25i2.3668.
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Teacher preparation programs need quality training courses that offer flexible, interactive alternatives to isolating online courses and classroom-based programs that limit students to a specific place and time. The HyFlex course design provides a solution by combining internet video instruction (such as Zoom), regular online learning, and face-to-face classroom experiences into one course where students can choose the method that best meets their individual learning needs and even alternate between methods throughout the course session. HyFlex aligns with learner centered instruction and offers a unique opportunity for educators to receive quality licensure courses. This article explores existing literature on the HyFlex course delivery method and discusses a case study done to examine student outcomes resulting from its use in a post-baccalaureate special education teacher licensure program.
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ZHU, JIANLIN, JIN HUANG, DAICUI ZHOU, ZHONGBAO YIN, GUOPING ZHANG, and QIANG HE. "SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE RECOVERY THROUGH SIMILARITY-BASED GRAPH CLUSTERING." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 23, no. 04 (May 2013): 559–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194013500162.
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Software architecture recovery is to gain the architectural level understanding of a software system while its architecture description does not exist. In recent years, researchers have adopted various software clustering techniques to detect hierarchical structure of software systems. Most graph clustering techniques focus on the connectivity between program elements, but unreasonably ignore the similarity which is also a key measure for finding elements of one module. In this paper we propose a novel hierarchy graph clustering algorithm DGHC, which considers both similarity and connectivity between program elements. During the transformation of program dependence graph edges representing similarity between elements are added. Then similar elements are grouped by density-based approaches. The alternative strategy is adopted to find groups of closely connected and similar elements. Meanwhile we adjust the contribution of connectivity and similarity by a flexible clustering algorithm based on short random walk model, which can obtain more structure information of software to find its multiple layers. Furthermore a new method called Multi-layer Propagation Gap is proposed to suggest stable layers of hierarchy clustering result as multiple layers of software system. Extensive experimental results illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of DGHC in detecting hierarchy structure of software through comparison with various software clustering methods.
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Lebensohn, Patricia, Benjamin Kligler, Sally Dodds, Craig Schneider, Selma Sroka, Rita Benn, Paula Cook, et al. "Integrative Medicine in Residency Education: Developing Competency Through Online Curriculum Training." Journal of Graduate Medical Education 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4300/jgme-04-01-30.
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Abstract Introduction The Integrative Medicine in Residency (IMR) program, a 200-hour Internet-based, collaborative educational initiative was implemented in 8 family medicine residency programs and has shown a potential to serve as a national model for incorporating training in integrative/complementary/alternative medicine in graduate medical education. Intervention The curriculum content was designed based on a needs assessment and a set of competencies for graduate medical education developed following the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education outcome project guidelines. The content was delivered through distributed online learning and included onsite activities. A modular format allowed for a flexible implementation in different residency settings. Evaluation To assess the feasibility of implementing the curriculum, a multimodal evaluation was utilized, including: (1) residents' evaluation of the curriculum; (2) residents' competencies evaluation through medical knowledge testing, self-assessment, direct observations, and reflections; and (3) residents' wellness and well-being through behavioral assessments. Results The class of 2011 (n = 61) had a high rate of curriculum completion in the first and second year (98.7% and 84.2%) and course evaluations on meeting objectives, clinical utility, and functioning of the technology were highly rated. There was a statistically significant improvement in medical knowledge test scores for questions aligned with content for both the PGY-1 and PGY-2 courses. Conclusions The IMR program is an advance in the national effort to make training in integrative medicine available to physicians on a broad scale and is a success in terms of online education. Evaluation suggests that this program is feasible for implementation and acceptable to residents despite the many pressures of residency.
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Webb, Janette, and Sonia Liff. "Play the White Man: The Social Construction of Fairness and Competition in Equal Opportunity Policies." Sociological Review 36, no. 3 (August 1988): 532–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-954x.1988.tb02928.x.
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This paper discusses the impact of equal opportunity projects on women's employment in two public sector organisations. It examines the limitations of the emerging liberal model and assesses the likely effectiveness of alternative approaches. An Affirmative Action Program in a North American university was examined five years after its initiation. Despite standardised procedures for access to jobs and systematic monitoring, there was very little change in the degree of occupational segregation between men and women. A women's committee project in a UK university examined the present situations of women staff, with the aim of producing a strategy for change which would benefit women currently employed. This resulted in the identification of training provision, flexible working arrangements and the restructuring of job requirements as the central aspects of an alternative approach to equal opportunity policy. It is argued that, particularly in a recessionary economic climate, policies requiring employers to rethink job requirements in ways that do not exclude competent women should provide a more effective challenge to occupational segregation than liberal policies which concentrate on assessing the ‘suitability’ of individual job applicants in terms of conventional criteria.
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Bordoloi, Sudarshana. "The Rural Nonfarm Sector in Flexible Capitalism: The Coir Industry in Kerala, India." Human Geography 10, no. 1 (March 2017): 50–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/194277861701000105.
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The rural nonagricultural/nonfarm sector (RNFS)—which provides employment opportunities for a vast number of people in the global peripheries–is an important arena for policies related to alternative strategies for rural development. The existing literature suggests RNFS as an alternative rural economic sector for employment generation and better wage opportunities that leads to empowerment of the rural workforce. This paper argues instead, that unlike what the present literature suggests, the development of the RNFS in countries like India is essentially the development of market relations, including capitalist market relations, in rural areas, but outside the agricultural sector. The promotion of the RNFS coincides with strategies of promoting an export oriented-flexible mode of capitalist production as part of global neoliberal structural adjustment programs. This paper is based on a study of the export oriented coir industry – an important form of rural nonfarm activity– in Kerala, India. Based on the study of the coir industry, this research adds new insights on how contemporary flexible capitalism re-creates the logic of classical capital-labor relations– through class, gender and caste differentiation– to realize its profit accumulation goals.
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Bahri, Saiful, and Emi Tipuk Lestari. "Implementation of human-machine friendship learning in the new-normal era." Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) 15, no. 2 (May 1, 2021): 291–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/edulearn.v15i2.18404.
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The 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak has changed the conventional learning system to an online learning system. Online learning system is an alternative that can solve this problem with the principles of human-machine friendship learning (HMFL). This research was conducted to obtain an overview of the implementation of human-machine Friendship learning at IKIP PGRI Pontianak, Indonesia. Lecturers and students become research subjects, especially those in the History Education Study Program of the IKIP PGRI Pontianak. The research employed a qualitative approach with the type of phenomenological research. Data collection in this research was carried out by survey, interview and documentation. The results showed: (1) Implementation of HMFL of History Education Study Program of FIPPS IKIP PGRI Pontianak as a solution for implementing learning; (2) Effectiveness of Human-Machine Friendship Learning which is carried out in an effort to break the chain of the spread of COVID-19 using the application as a whole, students are satisfied with flexible learning; (3) The challenges of implementing HMFL include the weak supervision and control of students, the problem of weak internet signals, especially in rural areas, and the relatively high cost of internet quota.
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Pisarn, Punnaros, Man-Keun Kim, and Shang-Ho Yang. "A Potential Sustainable Pathway for Community-Supported Agriculture in Taiwan: The Consumer Perspective in a Farmers’ Market." Sustainability 12, no. 21 (October 27, 2020): 8917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12218917.
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Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) has become an alternative approach for small-sized farmers in many countries. However, CSA is a somewhat challenging concept in Taiwan because many CSA projects face difficulties and obstacles related to sustainability, so relevant literature is rare. This pilot study investigates a potential CSA program in a farmers’ market to observe whether farmers’ market consumers would like to participate or not. A total of 320 survey responses collected from a farmers’ market were examined by an interval regression model. Results show that respondents are willing to pay and to be a CSA member of the farmers’ market. This study identifies that consumers are willing to share the risks of upfront payment with farmers. The preferred length of the contract means that a compromise is made in order to implement the CSA program. The implications involving a flexible length of contract and the budget should be taken into consideration by farmers, farmers’ market managers, and policymakers for devising promotion strategies, enrolling shareholders, and promoting CSA in Taiwan. Future study should focus on the consumer characteristics and factors affecting their decision to subscribe to CSA.
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Panarotto, Massimo, Olivia Borgue, and Ola Isaksson. "Modelling Flexibility and Qualification Ability to Assess Electric Propulsion Architectures for Satellite Megaconstellations." Aerospace 7, no. 12 (December 11, 2020): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace7120176.
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The higher satellite production rates expected in new megaconstellation scenarios involve radical changes in the way design trade-offs need to be considered by electric propulsion companies. In relative comparison, flexibility and qualification ability will have a higher impact in megaconstellations compared to traditional businesses. For these reasons, this paper proposes a methodology for assessing flexible propulsion architectures by taking into account variations in market behavior and qualification activities. Through the methodology, flexibility and qualification ability can be traded against traditional engineering attributes (such as functional performances) in a quantitative way. The use of the methodology is illustrated through an industrial case related to the study of xenon vs. krypton architectures for megaconstellation businesses. This paper provides insights on how to apply the methodology in other case studies, in order to enable engineering teams to present and communicate the impact of alternative architectural concepts to program managers and decision-makers.
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Bingham, Martina C. "Defining the Therapeutic Singing Voice: An Analysis of Four Music Therapists’ Clinical Work." Music Therapy Perspectives 37, no. 2 (2019): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mtp/miz001.
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AbstractThe purpose of this study was to examine the ways music therapists use their singing voices in music therapy sessions and, in doing so, to provide a working definition of the therapeutic singing voice. Four music therapists were observed leading at least 10 music therapy sessions each in order to examine the ways they used their singing voices in clinical practice. Interviews with each of these therapists, at the completion of session observations, enriched these observational data. Data were analyzed in two stages. First, individual singing voice profiles were developed for each music therapist, and second, these profiles were integrated to define essential singing voice characteristics. These characteristics included flexible postures and physicality, diverse breathing methods and strategies of phonation, flexible resonance strategies, improvisational skills, and knowledge of diverse music genres. Implications for vocal education and training in music therapy programs are discussed.
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PORTO, ANTÓNIO. "A structured alternative to Prolog with simple compositional semantics." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 11, no. 4-5 (July 2011): 611–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1471068411000202.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractProlog's very useful expressive power is not captured by traditional logic programming semantics, due mainly to the cut and goal and clause order. Several alternative semantics have been put forward, exposing operational details of the computation state. We propose instead to redesign Prolog around structured alternatives to the cut and clauses, keeping the expressive power and computation model but with a compositional denotational semantics over much simpler states—just variable bindings. This considerably eases reasoning about programs, by programmers and tools such as a partial evaluator, with safe unfolding of calls through predicate definitions. Anif-then-elseacross clauses replaces most uses of the cut, but the cut's full power is achieved by anuntilconstruct. Disjunction, conjunction anduntil, along with unification, are the primitive goal types with a compositional semantics yielding sequences of variable-binding solutions. This extends to programs via the usual technique of a least fixpoint construction. A simple interpreter for Prolog in the alternative language, and a definition ofuntilin Prolog, establish the identical expressive power of the two languages. Many useful control constructs are derivable from the primitives, and the semantic framework illuminates the discussion of alternative ones. The formalisation rests on a term language with variable abstraction as in the λ-calculus. A clause is an abstraction on the call arguments, a continuation, and the local variables. It can be inclusive or exclusive, expressing a local case bound to a continuation by either a disjunction or anif-then-else. Clauses are open definitions, composed (and closed) with simple functional application β-reduction). This paves the way for a simple account of flexible module composition mechanisms.Cube, a concrete language with the exposed principles, has been implemented on top of a Prolog engine and successfully used to build large real-world applications.
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Zhang, Ming, Jielin Wu, Yang Liu, Ji Zhang, and Guanyao Li. "GIS Based Procedural Modeling in 3D Urban Design." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 11, no. 10 (October 19, 2022): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi11100531.
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Traditional urban design is time-consuming and laborious. We propose a computer-generated architecture (CGA)-based workflow in this work, with the goal of allowing designers to take advantage of a high level of automation. This workflow is based on procedural modeling. A three-step CGA rule was applied to implement 3D urban procedural modeling, (1) parcel subdivision and clustering, (2) building extrusion, and (3) texture mapping. Parcel subdivision and clustering is the key step of layout modeling, giving the modeler flexibility to adjust the placement and size of the inner building lots. Subsequently, a land-use-based combination of eight common building types and layouts was used to generate various urban forms for different urban functional zones. Finally, individual buildings were decorated by creating texture maps of a planar section of the building facade or, alternatively, decomposing facades into sets of repeating elements and texture maps. We employed the proposed workflow in the H-village urban redevelopment program and an air–rail integration zone development program in Guangzhou. Three design proposals were generated for each project. The results demonstrated that this workflow could generate multiple layout proposals and alternative facade textures quickly and, therefore, address most of the collaborative issues with its analysis functions, including a flexible adjustment mechanism and real-time visualization.