Journal articles on the topic 'Alternative medicine Victoria'
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Baer, Hans A. "The Drive for Legitimation in Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture in Australia: Successes and Dilemmas." Complementary health practice review 12, no. 2 (April 2007): 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210107302933.
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This article examines the drive for legitimation on the part of Chinese medicine and more specifically acupuncture in Australia. It examines the development of Chinese medicine in Australia, the road to statutory registration of Chinese medicine in Victoria, and the niche of Chinese medicine within the context of the Australian plural medical system. Despite the opposition of organized medicine, the Victorian Parliament passed the Chinese Medicine Registration Act in May 2000, making Victoria the only Australian political jurisdiction to formally regulate Chinese medicine practitioners and acupuncturists. The legal status of Chinese medicine and acupuncture outside of Victoria resembles that of naturopathy and other natural therapies, such as Western herbalism and homeopathy, none of which has achieved statutory registration in any Australian jurisdiction. Chinese medicine has a distinct identity within the context of the Australian plural medical system. Conversely, acupuncture, as one of the modalities of Chinese medicine—and in Western societies its principal modality—has been incorporated into various other heterodox medical subsystems, particularly chiropractic, osteopathy, and naturopathy, as well as conventional systems, such as biomedicine and physiotherapy.
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Robinson, Anske, Janice Chesters, and Simon Cooper. "People's Choice: Complementary and Alternative Medicine Modalities." Complementary health practice review 12, no. 2 (April 2007): 99–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210107302436.
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The diversity within CAM use in the community, and the beliefs, concerns, and characteristics of the users of individual CAM modalities was explored via a survey mailed to a randomly selected sample of 1,308 people in different metropolitan and rural localities in Victoria, Australia. The response rate was 40% ( n = 459). The respondents' overall current CAM use was 52% and lifetime use was 85%. Chiropractic (50%), massage therapy, (50%), and vitamin or herbal supplements (39%) were the most frequently used modalities. A set of beliefs labeled holistic health care beliefs strongly predicted the use of Natural Remedy and Wellness modalities. Users of these modalities were more likely to be female, under the age of 60, and tertiary educated. Rurality characteristics did not predict rural CAM usage and were equally present in metropolitan and rural respondents. The respondents' decisions concerning CAM involved choosing a modality that fit their self-assessed health care needs.
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Orodho, John A. "Local Management of Tuberculosis by Traditional Medicine Practitioners in Lake Victoria Region." Open Complementary Medicine Journal 3, no. 1 (April 15, 2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1876391x01103010001.
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Wheller, Rochelle, Cameron Gosling, and Nathan Herman. "Patient compliance to exercise prescription at the Victoria University Osteopathic Medicine Clinic." International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 9, no. 1 (March 2006): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2006.01.007.
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Robinson, Anske, Janice Chesters, and Simon Cooper. "Beyond a Generic Complementary and Alternative Medicine: The Holistic Health Care- Conventional Medicine Continuum." Complementary health practice review 14, no. 3 (October 2009): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210109360016.
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This article explores whether complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) users view CAM as a unified concept or individualize the modalities. A survey about the beliefs and concerns surrounding the use of 22 CAM modalities was posted to a random sample of 1,308 people in five rural and two metropolitan localities in Victoria, Australia. The response rate was 40% (n = 459). Overall, 91% of respondents were found to either have used one CAM modality (85%, n = 386) or be open to future use (6%, n = 33). Respondents did not view CAM as a unified concept. Each modality was used by people with different characteristics and beliefs about health care. However, it was practical to divide the 22 CAM modalities into four categories that we have named natural remedy, wellness, accepted, and established modalities. The four categories lie along a set of continua extending from natural remedy modalities and ‘‘holistic health care’’ beliefs at one end to established modalities and a belief in the tenets of conventional medicine at the other. We were able to develop a model to show this diagrammatically.
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Hall, Helen G., Debra L. Griffiths, and Lisa G. McKenna. "Holistic Pregnancy Care: Aligning Complementary and Alternative Medicine With Midwifery Practice." International Journal of Childbirth 3, no. 2 (2013): 98–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/2156-5287.3.2.98.
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BACKGROUND:The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to manage pregnancy-related conditions is becoming increasingly popular. This article draws on a qualitative study that aimed to explain the processes midwives engaged when determining the role of these therapies for pregnancy care.METHODOLOGY:Our study used grounded theory methodology. Twenty-five midwives, who were employed in metropolitan hospitals situated in Victoria, Australia, participated in the study. Data was collected from semistructured interviews and nonparticipant observation of a subgroup over an 18-month period.RESULTS:Midwives’ attitudes and behavior toward the CAM was influenced by their professional ideology and knowledge. When participants considered the role of these therapies, they employed various strategies including aligning CAM with midwifery philosophy, using the therapies to increase women’s options, valuing diverse ways of understanding and seeking out professional knowledge.CONCLUSIONS:Although midwives do not reject conventional medicine, many value the opportunity CAM offers to individualize care and promote natural childbearing.
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Walters, Reece. "Alternatives to Youth Imprisonment: Evaluating the Victorian Youth Attendance Order." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 29, no. 2 (August 1996): 166–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486589602900206.
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On 22 June 1988 the then Minister for Community Services Victoria, Race Matthews, officially launched the Youth Attendance Order (YAO), a high tariff alternative for young offenders aged between 15 and 18 years who were facing a term of detention. Throughout the order's gestation, much debate occurred about the impact it would have on rates of juvenile incarceration as well as about the potential ‘net widening’ effect it could have on less serious offenders. In May 1994 the National Centre For Socio-Legal Studies at La Trobe University submitted its report evaluating the Victorian Youth Attendance Order. This article presents some of the major findings of that report and examines the future options for this high tariff order in juvenile justice.
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Thomas, S. L., K. Lam, L. Piterman, A. Mijch, and P. A. Komesaroff. "Complementary medicine use among people living with HIV/AIDS in Victoria, Australia: practices, attitudes and perceptions." International Journal of STD & AIDS 18, no. 7 (July 1, 2007): 453–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/095646207781147292.
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There is limited evidence suggesting the underlying reasons for the use of complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs) by people with HIV/AIDS, or individual attitudes and beliefs about the use of CAMs. Using focus groups and a survey with 151 individuals attending the HIV Clinics at The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, we aimed to provide insights into factors that influence the use of CAMs among people living with HIV/AIDS. Roughly half (49%) of the participants had used CAMs to manage their HIV/AIDs. Users of CAMs utilized a wide range of treatments in managing their condition, but costs of the CAMs meant that users were not necessarily able to use them as much as they might have liked. Use of CAMs was based on a desire to find something beneficial rather than on being dissatisfied with conventional medicine. Further research is needed into (a) the effects of CAMs and (b) the enhancement of communication and collaboration between patients, doctors and complementary medicine practitioners.
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Robinson, Anske, and Simon Cooper. "Trusted Information Sources: The Preferred Option for Complementary and Alternative Medicine Users." Complementary health practice review 12, no. 2 (April 2007): 120–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210107302776.
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The objective of this article is to explore complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) users' reliance on health service providers, different forms of media, and interpersonal contacts for their health-needs information. To explore this information, a survey was posted to a random sample of 1,308 people in five rural and two metropolitan localities in Victoria, Australia. The response rate was 40% ( n = 459). The overall current CAM use was 52% and lifetime use was 85%. We found that the CAM users obtained most of their health needs information from doctors and CAM practitioners, whereas the Internet and health food shops served as the least useful sources of information. The respondents who used the modalities we labeled as natural remedy modalities accessed the most health information. The study results show that although conventional medicine may question some types of health care information that forms the basis of respondents' decision making, their health care decisions are nevertheless informed decisions.
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Saiki, Ikuo, Keiichi Koizumi, Hirozo Goto, Akiko Inujima, Takao Namiki, Masaki Raimura, Toshiaki Kogure, et al. "The Long-Term Effects of a Kampo Medicine, Juzentaihoto, on Maintenance of Antibody Titer in Elderly People after Influenza Vaccination." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/568074.
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We have performed a broad-ranging analysis of the adjuvant effect of a Kampo medicine, juzentaihoto (JTT), on influenza vaccination in a multicenter randomized controlled trial. In this study, the enhancing effect of JTT on antibody titer after influenza vaccination was studied for 28 weeks in elderly people who were in the high-risk group for influenza infection. In total, 91 subjects over 65 years old were recruited from four long-term-care facilities located in Chiba, Gunma, and Toyama prefectures in Japan. Participants were randomly assigned to the JTT and the control groups. Blood samples were taken at 4 weeks before vaccination, at the time of vaccination, and then at 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks after vaccination. The hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers against A/California/7/2009 (H1N1), A/Victoria/210/2009 (H3N2), and B/Brisbane/60/2008 were then manually measured. A significant increase in HI titer against H3N2 was observed at week 8 after vaccination in the JTT group compared with the control group (P=0.0229), and the HI titer of the JTT group significantly increased from 4 to 24 weeks (P=0.0468), compared with the control group. In conclusion, our results indicated that JTT increased and prolonged antibody production against A/Victoria/210/2009 (H3N2), in particular, after influenza vaccination.
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Vaughan, Brett, Chris MacFarlane, and Prue Florentine. "Clinical education in the osteopathy program at Victoria University." International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 17, no. 3 (September 2014): 199–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijosm.2013.10.010.
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Crawford, R. H., V. Paton-Cole, R. Turnbull, E. Fitzgerald, A. Michalewicz, and J. Garber. "Trends in residential sustainability measures in the state of Victoria." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1101, no. 2 (November 1, 2022): 022018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1101/2/022018.
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Abstract Buildings require a significant quantity of energy and water during their operation. Solar water heaters and rainwater tanks have become increasingly common to reduce the demand for fossil-fuel based energy and mains water within buildings. Since 2006, the Victorian Building Authority has required either a rainwater tank or solar water heater to be installed in any new house built in Victoria, Australia. This research analyses the trend in adoption of these two systems using data from building permits issued from 2006 to 2019. This shows that despite an initial preference for rainwater tanks, solar water heaters have been the preferred choice. This preference was found to be greatest for projects costing from $200k-$600k and for allotment areas smaller than 500 m2. Preference for rainwater tanks tended to increase in line with an increase in project cost and allotment area, and this preference was found to be most common in metropolitan areas. This study provides insight into the opportunities for further adoption of solar water heaters and rainwater tanks, including using information at the LGA level to develop specific business opportunities or to inform policy, such as alternative water efficiency solutions for households where allotment area may limit rainwater tank adoption.
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Hurlimann, Anna. "Household use of and satisfaction with alternative water sources in Victoria Australia." Journal of Environmental Management 92, no. 10 (October 2011): 2691–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.06.007.
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Toussaint, Nigel D., Lawrence P. McMahon, Gregory Dowling, Stephen G. Holt, Gillian Smith, Maria Safe, Richard Knight, et al. "Introduction of Renal Key Performance Indicators Associated with Increased Uptake of Peritoneal Dialysis in a Publicly Funded Health Service." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 37, no. 2 (March 2017): 198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3747/pdi.2016.00149.
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BackgroundIncreased demand for treatment of end-stage kidney disease has largely been accommodated by a costly increase in satellite hemodialysis (SHD) in most jurisdictions. In the Australian State of Victoria, a marked regional variation in the uptake of home-based dialysis suggests that use of home therapies could be increased as an alternative to SHD. An earlier strategy based solely on increased remuneration had failed to increase uptake of home therapies. Therefore, the public dialysis funder adopted the incidence and prevalence of home-based dialysis therapies as a key performance indicator (KPI) for its health services to encourage greater uptake of home therapies.MethodsA KPI data collection and bench-marking program was established in 2012 by the Victorian Department of Health and Human Services, with data provided monthly by all renal units in Victoria using a purpose-designed website portal. A KPI Working Group was responsible for analyzing data each quarter and ensuring indicators remained accurate and relevant and each KPI had clear definitions and targets. We present a prospective, observational study of all dialysis patients in Victoria over a 4-year period following the introduction of the renal KPI program, with descriptive analyses to evaluate the proportion of patients using home therapies as well as home dialysis modality survival.ResultsFollowing the introduction of the KPI program, the net growth of dialysis patient numbers in Victoria remained stable over 4 years, at 75 – 80 per year (approximately 4%). However, unlike the previous decade, about 40% of this growth was through an increase in home dialysis, which was almost exclusively peritoneal dialysis (PD). The increase was identified particularly in the young (20 – 49) and the elderly (> 80). Disappointingly, however, 67% of these incident patients ceased PD within 2 years of commencement, 46% of whom transferred to SHD.ConclusionsIntroduction of a KPI program was associated with an increased uptake of PD but not home HD. This change in clinical practice restricted growth of SHD and reduced pressure on satellite services. The effect was offset by a modest PD technique survival. Many patients in whom PD was unsuccessful were subsequently transferred to SHD rather than home HD.
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Eastwood, Kathryn, Dhanya Nambiar, Rosamond Dwyer, Judy A. Lowthian, Peter Cameron, and Karen Smith. "Ambulance dispatch of older patients following primary and secondary telephone triage in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia: a retrospective cohort study." BMJ Open 10, no. 11 (November 2020): e042351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042351.
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BackgroundMost calls to ambulance result in emergency ambulance dispatch (direct dispatch) following primary telephone triage. Ambulance Victoria uses clinician-led secondary telephone triage for patients identified as low-acuity during primary triage to refer them to alternative care pathways; however, some are returned for ambulance dispatch (secondary dispatch). Older adult patients are frequent users of ambulance services; however, little is known about the appropriateness of subsequent secondary dispatches.ObjectivesTo examine the appropriateness of secondary dispatch through a comparison of the characteristics and ambulance outcomes of older patients dispatched an emergency ambulance via direct or secondary dispatch.DesignA retrospective cohort study of ambulance patient data between September 2009 and June 2012 was conducted.SettingThe secondary telephone triage service operated in metropolitan Melbourne, Victoria, Australia during the study period.ParticipantsThere were 90 086 patients included aged 65 years and over who had an emergency ambulance dispatch via direct or secondary dispatch with one of the five most common secondary dispatch paramedic diagnoses.Main outcome measuresDescriptive analyses compared characteristics, treatment and transportation rates between direct and secondary dispatch patients.ResultsThe dispatch groups were similar in demographics, vital signs and hospital transportation rates. However, secondary dispatch patients were half as likely to be treated by paramedics (OR 0.51; CI 0.48 to 0.55; p<0.001). Increasing age was associated with decreasing treatment (p<0.005) and increasing transportation rates (p<0.005).ConclusionSecondary triage could identify patients who would ultimately be transported to an emergency department. However, the lower paramedic treatment rates suggest many secondary dispatch patients may have been suitable for referral to alternative low-acuity transport or referral options.
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Yang, Chunguang, Yutao Wang, Jiayang He, Wen Yan, Haiming Jiang, Qiaolian Chen, Li Li, and Zifeng Yang. "Lianhua-Qingwen Displays Antiviral and Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Synergistic Effects with Oseltamivir against Influenza B Virus Infection in the Mouse Model." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (June 5, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3196375.
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Influenza B virus (IBV) is one of the main pathogens of the annual influenza epidemic, and the disease burden is significant, especially among children and young teenagers. In this study, the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, the Lianhua-Qingwen capsule, were evaluated. Our results showed that Lianhua-Qingwen capsule can inhibit both Victoria and Yamagata lineages, and the 50% inhibitive concentrations ranged from 0.228 ± 0.150 to 0.754 ± 0.161 mg/mL. The time course results demonstrated that IBV yields were reduced with treatment at 0–4 h after infection, and the mechanistic research verified that Lianhua-Qingwen capsule has hemagglutination inhibition activity against B/Guangzhou/0215/2012 but not A/California/04/2009. In addition to antiviral activity, Lianhua-Qingwen capsule can also inhibit excessive expression of RANTES, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, TNF-α, MCP-1, MIP-1β, and IFN-λ at the mRNA level and prevent a severe inflammatory response. The in vivo results confirmed that orally administered Lianhua-Qingwen capsule (100–400 mg/kg/day) does not reduce IBV-induced lung viral load and mortality in mice. However, the pathological change in lungs was alleviated, and there were fewer inflammatory cells in the lungs of Lianhua-Qingwen capsule treated mice than those in controls. Further research confirmed that the combination treatment of 200 mg/kg/day of Lianhua-Qingwen capsule with 2 mg/kg/day of oseltamivir significantly reduced IBV infection over the individual administration of either alone in vivo. Our findings prove that Lianhua-Qingwen capsule could be used as an assistant medicine to enhance the effect of oseltamivir against influenza B virus infection.
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Palatini, Anna-Myrte. "Rezension von: Victoria Preis, Aaron Lahl & PatrickHenze-Lindhorst (Hrsg.). (2021). Vom Lärmen des Begehrens." Virtually Gendered 25, no. 1 (July 2022): 112–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30820/1434-7849-2022-1-112.
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Storti, Barbara, Benedetta Carlotti, Grazia Chiellini, Martina Ruglioni, Tiziano Salvadori, Marco Scotto, Fausto Elisei, Alberto Diaspro, Paolo Bianchini, and Ranieri Bizzarri. "An Efficient Aequorea victoria Green Fluorescent Protein for Stimulated Emission Depletion Super-Resolution Microscopy." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 5 (February 24, 2022): 2482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23052482.
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In spite of their value as genetically encodable reporters for imaging in living systems, fluorescent proteins have been used sporadically for stimulated emission depletion (STED) super-resolution imaging, owing to their moderate photophysical resistance, which does not enable reaching resolutions as high as for synthetic dyes. By a rational approach combining steady-state and ultrafast spectroscopy with gated STED imaging in living and fixed cells, we here demonstrate that F99S/M153T/V163A GFP (c3GFP) represents an efficient genetic reporter for STED, on account of no excited state absorption at depletion wavelengths <600 nm and a long emission lifetime. This makes c3GFP a valuable alternative to more common, but less photostable, EGFP and YFP/Citrine mutants for STED imaging studies targeting the green-yellow region of the optical spectrum.
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Mizuno, Takayuki, Tsutomu Yabuya, Nobuhiro Sasaki, and Tsukasa Iwashina. "Phenolic Compounds, Including Novel C-glycosylflavone, from the Flowers of the Tall Bearded Iris Cultivar ‘Victoria Falls’." Natural Product Communications 7, no. 12 (December 2012): 1934578X1200701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1200701213.
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A new C-glycosylflavone, luteolin 7-methyl ether 6-C-[β-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)–5-glucopyranoside] (swertiajaponin 2″- O-arabinoside) (1) was isolated and identified from the violet blue colored flowers of the tall bearded iris (Iris hybrid) cultivar ‘Victoria Falls’, together with five known flavonoids, swertisin 2″- O-arabinoside (2), schaftoside (3), isoschaftoside (4), swertiajaponin (5), swertisin 2″- O-glucoside (6) and a C-glycosylxanthone, mangiferin (7). Of these compounds, 1 and 2 were elucidated from NMR spectroscopic data, which revealed the rotameric pairs. C-Glycosylflavone O-arabinosides were isolated from the genus Iris for the first time.
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Tumwine, Christopher, Peter Aggleton, and Stephen Bell. "Interface between biomedical and traditional systems of treatment and care among HIV positive fisher folk in two fishing communities on Lake Victoria, Uganda." African Health Sciences 21, no. 3 (September 27, 2021): 1040–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v21i3.11.
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Background: Fisherfolk have been identified as a key population in the HIV response in Uganda due to high HIV preva- lence and low engagement in HIV services. While studies have examined lifestyles and risk, much remains to be understood about help and health seeking experiences, including the combined use of biomedical and traditional health care.
Objective: To examine the use of biomedical and traditional health care in two fishing communities around Lake Victoria in Uganda.
Methods: Exploratory, in-depth qualitative study involving semi-structured interviews with 42 HIV positive fisherfolk.
Results: Prior to HIV diagnosis, participants who described becoming ill sought different forms of help including biomedical treatment prescribed by health workers or self-prescribed; biomedical and herbal medicines together; herbal medicines only; or no form of treatment. Following HIV diagnosis, the majority of participants used ART exclusively, while a smaller number used both ART and traditional care strategies, or reported times when they used alternative therapies instead of ART. Prior to HIV diagnosis, fisherfolk’s health care seeking practices inhibited engagement with HIV testing and access to biomedical HIV treatment and care. After HIV diagnosis, most resorted only to using ART.
Conclusion: Study findings provide insight into how fisherfolk’s use of biomedical and traditional care prior to diagnosis influences subsequent engagement with HIV treatment. Efforts are needed to reach fisherfolk through everyday health seeking networks to ensure HIV is diagnosed and treated as early as possible.
Keywords: HIV care; fisherfolk; HIV; Uganda; traditional healers; anti-retroviral therapy.
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Moore, Laurence, Andrea de Silva-Sanigorski, and Sue N. Moore. "A socio-ecological perspective on behavioural interventions to influence food choice in schools: alternative, complementary or synergistic?" Public Health Nutrition 16, no. 6 (March 4, 2013): 1000–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012005605.
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AbstractObjectiveAn increasing focus on legislation, policy and guidance on the nutritional content of school food has in part been in response to the limited impact of more behavioural or educational approaches. However, there is a risk that a sole focus on policy-level action may lead to neglect of the important contribution that more behavioural approaches can make as components of effective, coordinated, multilevel action to improve the dietary intake of schoolchildren. The current paper aims to highlight the potential importance of viewing alternative approaches as complementary or synergistic, rather than competing.DesignThe socio-ecological and RE-AIM frameworks are used to provide a theoretical rationale and demonstrate the importance of explicitly identifying the interdependence of policies, interventions and contextual structures and processes. School food case study evidence is used to exemplify how understanding and exploiting these interdependencies can maximise impact on dietary outcomes.SettingCase studies of trials in schools in the UK (South West England and Wales) and Australia (Victoria).SubjectsSchoolchildren.ResultsThe case studies provide examples to support the hypothesis that the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation and maintenance of school food policies and interventions can be maximised by understanding and exploiting the interdependence between levels in the socio-ecological framework.ConclusionsRather than being seen as competing alternatives, diverse approaches to improving the diets of schoolchildren should be considered in terms of their potential to be complementary and synergistic, acting at multiple levels to improve acceptability, fidelity, effectiveness and sustainability.
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Hughes, Barry O. "Alternative Systems for Poultry – Health, Welfare and Productivity. Poultry Science Symposium Series Volume 30. Edited by Victoria Sandilands and Paul M. Hocking." British Poultry Science 53, no. 6 (December 2012): 843–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00071668.2012.752061.
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Goda, Katsuichiro, and Parva Shoaeifar. "Prospective Fault Displacement Hazard Assessment for Leech River Valley Fault Using Stochastic Source Modeling and Okada Fault Displacement Equations." GeoHazards 3, no. 2 (May 21, 2022): 277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geohazards3020015.
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In this study, an alternative method for conducting probabilistic fault displacement hazard analysis is developed based on stochastic source modeling and analytical formulae for evaluating the elastic dislocation due to an earthquake rupture. It characterizes the uncertainty of fault-rupture occurrence in terms of its position, geometry, and slip distribution and adopts so-called Okada equations for the calculation of fault displacement on the ground surface. The method is compatible with fault-source-based probabilistic seismic hazard analysis and can be implemented via Monte Carlo simulations. The new method is useful for evaluating the differential displacements caused by the fault rupture at multiple locations simultaneously. The proposed method is applied to the Leech River Valley Fault located in the vicinity of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. Site-specific fault displacement and differential fault displacement hazard curves are assessed for multiple sites within the fault-rupture zone. The hazard results indicate that relatively large displacements (∼0.5 m vertical uplift) can be expected at low probability levels of 10−4. For critical infrastructures, such as bridges and pipelines, quantifying the uncertainty of fault displacement hazard is essential to manage potential damage and loss effectively.
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Gutierrez, Cathy. "Sex in the City of God: Free Love and the American Millennium." Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 15, no. 2 (2005): 187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rac.2005.15.2.187.
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AbstractThis article examines several millennialist claims made in speeches and writings by Victoria Woodhull, the alternately celebrated and scandalous proponent of Spiritualism, Free Love, and women's suffrage in the nineteenth century. It focuses particularly on a utopian vision detailed in a speech, “The Elixir of Life,” that Woodhull addressed to the tenth annual meeting of the American Association of Spiritualists, in which Woodhull predicted a swiftly arriving millennium that would unite heaven and earth, bringing eternal life to the living and restoring the dead to an earthly but perfect existence. This millennial vision centered on the perfectability of the human body at the intersection of the discourses of medicine, politics, and religion. This utopia would be ushered in by society's embracing of the principles of Free Love, the reform movement that espoused that emotional and physical romantic relations should be governed by mutual love alone without interference from legal or religious authority.This speech is read against the backdrop of contemporaneous social movements in Spiritualism, Free Love, and alternative forms of medicine. The article argues that Woodhull defied both normative Christianity and the mainstream of Spiritualist believers by refusing to subordinate the body to the soul. The millennial impulse toward progress, seen so keenly in Spiritualist circles, was transformed here to refer to the individual rather than society at large. Social perfection would follow corporeal perfection. Arguing for a natural immortality of the body, Woodhull maintained an essential union and interreliance between the body and soul rather than a disjuncture between them.
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Schwarzer, Julia, Ernst Roelof Swartz, Emmanuel Vreven, Jos Snoeks, Fenton Peter David Cotterill, Bernhard Misof, and Ulrich Kurt Schliewen. "Repeated trans-watershed hybridization among haplochromine cichlids (Cichlidae) was triggered by Neogene landscape evolution." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1746 (September 5, 2012): 4389–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.1667.
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The megadiverse haplochromine cichlid radiations of the East African lakes, famous examples of explosive speciation and adaptive radiation, are according to recent studies, introgressed by different riverine lineages. This study is based on the first comprehensive mitochondrial and nuclear DNA dataset from extensive sampling of riverine haplochromine cichlids. It includes species from the lower River Congo and Angolan (River Kwanza) drainages. Reconstruction of phylogenetic hypotheses revealed the paradox of clearly discordant phylogenetic signals. Closely related mtDNA haplotypes are distributed thousands of kilometres apart and across major African watersheds, whereas some neighbouring species carry drastically divergent mtDNA haplotypes. At shallow and deep phylogenetic layers, strong signals of hybridization are attributed to the complex Late Miocene/Early Pliocene palaeohistory of African rivers. Hybridization of multiple lineages across changing watersheds shaped each of the major haplochromine radiations in lakes Tanganyika, Victoria, Malawi and the Kalahari Palaeolakes, as well as a miniature species flock in the Congo basin (River Fwa). On the basis of our results, introgression occurred not only on a spatially restricted scale, but massively over almost the whole range of the haplochromine distribution. This provides an alternative view on the origin and exceptional high diversity of this enigmatic vertebrate group.
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Collins, Anna, Sue-Anne McLachlan, and Jennifer Philip. "Initial perceptions of palliative care: An exploratory qualitative study of patients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers." Palliative Medicine 31, no. 9 (April 3, 2017): 825–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216317696420.
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Background: Despite evidence for early integration of palliative care for people with advanced cancer and their families, patterns of late engagement continue. Prior research has focused on health professionals’ attitudes to palliative care with few studies exploring the views of patients and their carers. Aim: To explore initial perceptions of palliative care when this is first raised with patients with advanced cancer and their families in Australian settings. Design: Cross-sectional, prospective, exploratory qualitative design, involving narrative-style interviews and underpinned by an interpretative phenomenological framework. Setting/participants: Purposively sampled, English-speaking, adult patients with advanced cancer ( n = 30) and their nominated family caregivers ( n = 25) recruited from cancer services at a tertiary metropolitan hospital in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. Results: Three major themes evolved which represent the common initial perceptions of palliative care held by patients with advanced cancer and their carers when this concept is first raised: (1) diminished care, (2) diminished possibility and (3) diminished choice. Palliative care was negatively associated with a system of diminished care which is seen as a ‘lesser’ treatment alternative, diminished possibilities for hope and achievement of ambitions previously centred upon cure and diminished choices for the circumstances of one’s care given all other options have expired. Conclusion: While there is an increasing move towards early integration of palliative care, this study suggests that patient and caregiver understandings have not equally progressed. A targeted public health campaign is warranted to disentangle understandings of palliative care as the ‘institutional death’ and to reframe community rhetoric surrounding palliative care from that of disempowered dying to messages of choice, accomplishment and possibility.
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V Nipanal, Akkamahadevi, Madhu Kumar M H, and Ashok M L. "Utility of sTFR/Ferritin index to differentiate iron deficiency anaemia and anaemia of chronic disease." IP Journal of Nutrition, Metabolism and Health Science 3, no. 4 (February 15, 2021): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijnmhs.2020.024.
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Iron deficiency is a common condition that is usually diagnosed using conventional laboratory tests of iron status, such as serum ferritin and transferrin saturation. However, both ferritin and transferrin proteins are markedly influenced by inflammation, behaving as acute-phase reactants and making it difficult to differentiate between iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) and anemia of chronic disease (ACD). To assess the utility of sTfR/ Log ferritin Index to differentiate Iron deficiency anaemia and Anaemia of chronic disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Victoria hospital and Bowring and Lady Curzon hospital, Bangalore Medical College and Research institute, Bangalore. A total of 150 blood samples were evaluated, i.e., 50 samples from iron deficiency anaemia group and 50 samples from patients with anaemia of chronic disorders & 50 samples from healthy normal individual. In present study, samples are age matched with mean age of control 45.66±10.23, ACD 50.68±18.03, IDA 48.14±18.47. Hb, MCV, MCHC & MCH were decreased in both the groups. However, the decrease in Hb & MCV was much more in IDA as compared to ACD. Microcytosis was seen in 92% cases of IDA while it was observed in only 11% cases of ACD. sTfR/ log ferritin index was >1.5 in 80% of IDA. 90% of ACD and control subjects had sTfR/log ferritin index <1.5. sTfR levels were significantly higher in IDA (7.7± 5.8) as compared to the ACD cases (1.6 ±0.89) (p<0.001). sTfR/Log ferritin index is significantly higher in patients with Iron deficiency anemia (9.34±10.25) as compared to ACD (0.76±0.52) (p<0.001). sTFR/Log ferritin index indices is very useful in differentiating pure IDA, ACD and ACD with coexisting iron deficiency, thus providing a non-invasive alternative to bone marrow iron.
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Endacott, Ruth, Anita Wood, Fiona Judd, Carol Hulbert, Ben Thomas, and Margaret Grigg. "Impact and Management of Dual Relationships in Metropolitan, Regional and Rural Mental Health Practice." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 11-12 (November 2006): 987–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2006.01922.x.
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Objective: To explore the extent and impact of professional boundary crossings in metropolitan, regional and rural mental health practice in Victoria and identify strategies mental health clinicians use to manage dual relationships. Method: Nine geographically located focus groups consisting of mental health clinicians: four focus groups in rural settings; three in a regional city and two in a metropolitan mental health service. A total of 52 participants were interviewed. Results: Data revealed that professional boundaries were frequently breached in regional and rural settings and on occasions these breaches had a significantly negative impact. Factors influencing the impact were: longevity of the clinician's relationship with the community, expectations of the community, exposure to community ‘gossip’ and size of the community. Participants reported greater stress when the boundary crossing affected their partner and/or children. Clinicians used a range of proactive and reactive strategies, such as private telephone number, avoidance of social community activities, when faced with a potential boundary crossing. The feasibility of reactive strategies depended on the service configuration: availability of an alternative case manager, requirement for either patient or clinician to travel. The greater challenges faced by rural and regional clinicians were validated by metropolitan participants with rural experience and rural participants with metropolitan experience. Conclusions: No single strategy is used or appropriate for managing dual relationships in rural settings. Employers and professional bodies should provide clearer guidance for clinicians both in the management of dual relationships and the distinction between boundary crossings and boundary violation. Clinicians are clearly seeking to represent and protect the patients' interests; consideration should be given by consumer groups to steps that can be taken by patients to reciprocate.
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Reuben, F. M., and J. L. Meliyo. "Unlocking Opportunities in Edible Oil Crop Production and Market Dynamics to Accelerate Agricultural Investment in Kagera Region, Tanzania." International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 7, no. 3 (2022): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijeab.73.17.
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Edible oil crops such as sunflower, oil palm, sesame, groundnuts, avocado and canola are one of the fastest-growing agricultural sectors for investment at global scale. Demand for edible oil currently at local and neighbouring countries indicate huge gap that is an opportunity for production. The oil crops are grown under varied agro climatic conditions and they are vital commodities in the trade and commerce of many economies globally. Edible oil imports account for 34 % of the growth in food imports in Africa of which palm oil contributes 65% of all imports in the continent. In East Africa countries; Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Southern Sudan and DR-Congo and SADC countries the edible oil imports exceed US$ 1 billion. Tanzania produces 290,000 MT of edible oil a year, which is not enough to meet its current annual demand of 650,000 MT, therefore, it is compelled to spend over US$ 200 million annually for import to cover the shortage. Thus, there is great business opportunity for Kagera region which is endowed with a favourable equatorial climate for agriculture, extensive arable land of more than 24,953 sq, km. (water bodies of 11,885 sq. km. that is covered by Lake Victoria, Ikimba and Burigi Lakes, Kagera and Ngono rivers), forests and biodiversity. It is envisioning that if 10 percent of the land is put under oil seed, (about 249,600 hectares) under intensified production, more 249,600 MT of grains per season will be processed, employing many people along the value chain, hence addressing the income earnings instability, mask the climate and market instabilities. The oil seed crops are alternative processing crops with price stability, high demand elasticity and low substitutability to moderate prevailing instability in earnings from coffee and banana crops. It is concluded therefore that, the proposed crop diversification will shape a strategy to deal with climate variability by increasing a range of food and cash crops, that enhances productivity, encourages youth self-employment and incomes generation along the value chain in Kagera region.
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Beutler, John A. "PhytoChem Australia: A Database on Australian Plant Chemistry 1940−2000 By David J. Collins and Claude C. J. Culvenor. CSIRO Publishing, Collingwood, Victoria, Australia. 2003. CD-ROM. $295.00 (Australian). ISBN 0-643-06632-2." Journal of Natural Products 67, no. 6 (June 2004): 1073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np030735s.
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Kertesz, Margaret, Cathy Humphreys, Lisa Young Larance, Dave Vicary, Anneliese Spiteri-Staines, and Georgia Ovenden. "Working with women who use force: a feasibility study protocol of the Positive (+)SHIFT group work programme in Australia." BMJ Open 9, no. 5 (May 2019): e027496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-027496.
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IntroductionThis study assesses the feasibility of the Positive Shift (+SHIFT) programme in the context of legal responses and social welfare provision in the state of Victoria, Australia.The +SHIFT programme, adapted from the Vista curriculum, is a group work and case management programme for women who use force. Building on traditional survivor support group strengths, the programme facilitates participants’ engagement with viable alternatives to force while promoting healing. The study also aims to increase understanding about the characteristics and needs of women who use force in Australia.Methods and analysisThis feasibility study will assess the +SHIFT programme’s appropriateness in addressing women’s use of force in the Victorian context. Process evaluation will be undertaken to identify recruitment, retention, women’s participation, barriers to implementation, the appropriateness of proposed outcome measures and other issues. The feasibility of an outcome evaluation which would employ a longitudinal mixed methods design with measures administered at preprogramme, programme completion and 3 months postprogramme time points, along with semistructured interviews with participants, programme staff and referring professionals, will also be assessed.Ethics and disseminationResearch ethics approval was obtained from the University of Melbourne Human Research Ethics Committee. Results of the study will be communicated to the programme providers as part of the action research process evaluation methodology. On completion, final results will be reported to programme providers and funding bodies, and published in academic journals and presented at national and international conferences.
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Wang, Yiyi, Yunfan Xia, Rongrong Li, Ruohan Sun, and Jianqiao Fang. "Research Trends of Acupuncture Therapy on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Bibliometric Analysis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2022 (October 12, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1989401.
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Background. Acupuncture has been confirmed as a suitable therapy for treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). However, there is no bibliometric analysis of the global use of acupuncture for PCOS. Our study used CiteSpace (5.8.R3) to provide a profile of the current state and trends in this field. Methods. Articles regarding acupuncture therapy for treating PCOS were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace was used to analyze the number of publications, countries, institutions, journals, authors, cited references, and keywords by using standard bibliometric indicators. Results. A total of 159 publications were considered for the final analysis. The number of publications has slowly increased with fluctuations between years, and the most active countries, institutions, journals, and authors concerning acupuncture therapy for PCOS were identified. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine was the most productive journal, and Fertil Steril was the most cited. China and Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine were considered the most prolific countries and institutions in this field, respectively. Elisabet Stener Victorin became the most influential author and most cited author. Jedel E. published the most cited article. “Polycystic ovary syndrome” was the most frequent keyword, and the top three frontiers mentioned were research method, intervention, and outcome. Conclusion. The current status and trends in clinical research of acupuncture therapy on PCOS patients are revealed according to the results of this bibliometric study, which may facilitate researchers to identify hot topics and new directions for future study in this field.
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Al-Busafi, Said A., Peter Ghali, Philip Wong, Javier A. Novales-Diaz, and Marc Deschênes. "The Utility of Xenon-133 Liver Scan in the Diagnosis and Management of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 26, no. 3 (2012): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/796313.
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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a wide spectrum of liver damage and is the most common cause of chronic liver diseases in Western countries. Although a relatively common condition affecting approximately 20% of the general population, NAFLD is especially prevalent in obese individuals, a figure likely to rise as obesity rates in Western countries continue to increase. Liver biopsy remains the gold standard diagnostic method; however, its invasive nature, among other factors, has prompted the need to develop less invasive, alternative methods to quantify hepatic fat and determine disease severity. Xenon-133 liver scanning is one such method that has been in use for more than 10 years in the evaluation of patients with suspected NAFLD. This study compared Xenon-133 liver scan with other currently used, invasive and noninvasive methods of liver assessment.BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an important and common condition affecting approximately 20% of the general population. Given the limitation of radiological investigations, diagnosis often requires a liver biopsy.OBJECTIVE: To compare Xenon-133 (Xe-133) liver scanning with ultrasonography in the diagnosis of NAFLD.METHODS: From January 2003 to February 2007, 258 consecutive patients with suspected NAFLD underwent Xe-133 liver scanning at Royal Victoria Hospital (Montreal, Quebec). Of these, 43 patients underwent ultrasonography and liver biopsy for the evaluation of NAFLD. Patients with other liver diseases and significant alcohol consumption were excluded. Two nuclear medicine physicians assessed liver Xe-133 uptake and measured the grade of steatosis using a standardized protocol. The degree of steatosis was determined from biopsy specimens assessed by two hepatopathologists.RESULTS: NAFLD was identified by liver biopsy in 35 of 43 patients (81.4%). Xe-133 scan demonstrated 94.3% sensitivity (95% CI 81.4% to 98.4%) and 87.5% specificity (95% CI 52.9% to 99.4%) for the presence of NAFLD. The positive and negative predictive values for detection of steatosis by Xe-133 scan were 97.1% (95% CI 85.1% to 99.8%) and 77.8% (95% CI 45.3% to 93.7%), respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were 7.54 (95% CI 1.20 to 47.26) and 0.07 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.26), respectively. Two patients with NAFLD (5.7%) who had a negative Xe-133 scan result had histologically mild steatosis (<10%). The grade of steatosis on liver biopsy was highly correlated with the results of the Xe-133 scan (r=0.87; P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in diagnosing steatosis were 62.9% and 75%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Xe-133 liver scan proved to be a safe, reliable, non-invasive method for diagnosing and quantifying hepatic steatosis, and was superior to ultrasound.
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Bocskei, Elietha M., and Aleck S. Ostry. "Charitable Food Programs In Victoria, BC." Canadian Journal of Dietetic Practice and Research 71, no. 1 (March 2010): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3148/71.1.2010.46.
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Purpose: Few authors have investigated the institutional character of charitable food programs and their capacity to address food security in Canada. Methods:We surveyed food programmanagers at charitable agencies in Greater Victoria, British Columbia.We discuss the structure of the “system” of charitable food provision, the value of sourced food, types of services provided, clients’ demographic profile, and the estimated healthfulness ofmeals served.We also describe the proportion ofmajor food types purchased and donated to agencies. Results: Thirty-six agencies served approximately 20,000meals a week to about 17,000 people. Food valued at $3.2million was purchased or donated; approximately 50%was donated,mainly by corporations. The largest value of food purchased and donated was frommeat and alternatives (40.9%) and nonperishable food items (16%). Dairy productsmade up the smallest share of donated foods. Conclusions: Charitable food programs in Victoria depend on food donations. The proportion of dairy products and produce is low, which raises questions about the healthfulness of foods currently fed to homeless and poor people in the city.
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Abood, Richard R. "Differential Pricing of Pharmaceuticals and Retail Competition Under the Robinson-Patman Act." American Journal of Law & Medicine 11, no. 3 (1985): 293–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0098858800008868.
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AbstractEmphasis on cost containment by third-party payors has intensified economic competition within the health care system, creating powerful market forces which retail pharmacists had not envisioned a few years ago. Hospitals and alternative delivery systems now sell prescription drugs in direct competition with retail pharmacists. These entities are able to purchase their pharmaceuticals from manufacturers at prices far below those of the retailers. Retail pharmacist plaintiffs allege that such activities violate the Robinson-Patman Act which prohibits price discrimination. Retail pharmacists have achieved landmark victories in decisions establishing that nonprofit, state and local governmental hospitals reselling pharmaceuticals in competition with retail pharmacies are not exempt from the Act. This Article demonstrates that despite these victories, plaintiffs will have difficulty proving an actual violation of the Act by manufacturers and hospitals. Plaintiffs must establish competitive injury as well as refute the meeting competition defense. Retail pharmacists might discover that the Robinson-Patman Act is not the ally they had hoped for; instead, they should concentrate on innovative alternatives which will allow them to compete in an evolving health care system.
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Chatterjee, Arup K. "Mapping Icons of Victorian Femininity: Engendering London in Nineteenth-Century Indian Accounts." Interdisciplinary Literary Studies 24, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 313–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/intelitestud.24.3.0313.
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ABSTRACT Indian travelers in Victorian London began engaging with questions of nationhood, modernity, family, home, and gender roles within the ambit of reproducing the city’s imperial geography on increasingly gendered and sexist lines. The rise of Indian feminists like Sarojini Naidu, Cornelia Sorabji, Rukhmabai, and Princess Sophia notwithstanding, Indian men redrew London’s patriarchal contours. Drawing on a legacy of accounts by nineteenth-century Indian men, like T. N. Mukharji, Behramji Malabari, M. K. Gandhi, Lala Baijnath, T. B. Pandian, and G. P. Pillai, this article examines the maps of the geography of Victorian womanhood that they sought to reproduce. I argue that—while colonial travelers helped India derive administrative, bureaucratic, and architectural models—the geopolitical roots of postcolonial Indian patriarchy date back to ways in which an emotionally vulnerable Indian male gaze perceived Victorian Englishwomen. There is much to be troubled by the gendered relations that made imperial London and had an ominous afterlife in India, normalizing patriarchal expectations and codes of womanhood—a social malignancy whose etiology stems from structures of India’s colonial conflicts.
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Eastwood, Kathryn, Karen Smith, Amee Morgans, and Johannes Stoelwinder. "Appropriateness of cases presenting in the emergency department following ambulance service secondary telephone triage: a retrospective cohort study." BMJ Open 7, no. 10 (October 2017): e016845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016845.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the appropriateness of cases presenting to the emergency department (ED) following ambulance-based secondary telephone triage.DesignA pragmatic retrospective cohort analysis of all the planned and unplanned ED presentations within 48 hours of a secondary telephone triage.SettingThe secondary telephone triage service, called the Referral Service, and the hospitals were located in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia and operated 24 hours a day, servicing 4.25 million people. The Referral Service provides an in-depth secondary triage of cases classified as low acuity when calling the Australian emergency telephone number.PopulationCases triaged by the Referral Service between September 2009 and June 2012 were linked to ED and hospital admission records (N=44,523). Planned ED presentations were cases referred to the ED following the secondary triage, unplanned ED presentations were cases that presented despite being referred to alternative care pathways.Main outcome measuresAppropriateness was measured using an ED suitability definition and hospital admission rates. These were compared with mean population data which consisted of all of the ED presentations for the state (termed the ‘average Victorian ED presentation’).ResultsPlanned ED presentations were more likely to be ED suitable than unplanned ED presentations (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.5 to 1.7; p<0.001) and the average Victorian ED presentation (OR 1.85; 95% CI 1.01 to 3.4; p=0.046). They were also more likely to be admitted to the hospital than the unplanned ED presentation (OR 1.5; 95% CI 1.4 to 1.6; p<0.001) and the average Victorian ED presentation (OR 2.3, 95% CI 2.24 to 2.33; p<0.001). Just under 15% of cases diverted away from the emergency care pathways presented in the ED (unplanned ED attendances), and 9.5% of all the alternative care pathway cases were classified as ED suitable and 6.5% were admitted to hospital.ConclusionsSecondary telephone triage was able to appropriately identify many ED suitable cases, and while most cases referred to alternative care pathways did not present in the ED. Further research is required to establish that these were not inappropriately triaged away from the emergency care pathways.
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Shojayian, Mohammad, and Erik Kjeang. "Simulation of Cathode Catalyst Durability Under Fuel Cell Vehicle Operation - the Effect of Fuel Cell Stack Size." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 41 (July 7, 2022): 2456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01412456mtgabs.
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The concerns regarding climate change have made the researchers seek a clean alternative for the fossil fuel vehicles. Fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) are considered to be promising candidates owing to their efficient energy conversion and zero-carbon emission. However, a number of obstacles such as high cost and limited hydrogen infrastructure have made the FCVs commercialization process challenging. Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been proven promising for transportation applications. For heavy duty transportation applications, the PEMFC durability is also not yet proven, and extrapolating from lab data to real-world field operating conditions remains a significant challenge [1]. In this work, the cathode catalyst degradation in PEMFC is studied to estimate the effect of stack size on fuel cell durability in the FCV application. Platinum dissolution and redeposition, platinum oxidation and platinum ion formation during the fuel cell operation are modeled using the Butler-Volmer approach presented in [2]. A drive cycle recorded based on a real-life transit bus operation in the city of Victoria is utilized to calculate the input fuel cell voltage profile based on the methodology presented by Ahmadi and Kjeang [3]. According to this methodology, the required cell power density is calculated using Newton’s second law considering the air flow drag force as a counteracting force against the vehicle movement. Then, the required voltage cycle is obtained by employing a polarization curve characterizing the fuel cell performance. Finally, the change of remaining electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) with time is calculated as the output of the model. The fuel cell is assumed to operate at 80 ℃ and the cell active area is considered to be 500 cm2. Simple Tafel kinetics is then used to determine the fuel cell voltage loss. A 10% voltage drop at 0.6 A/cm2 is considered as the failure criterion for the cathode lifetime. Moreover, the effect of the fuel cell stack size is studied. By increasing fuel cell stack size, the required cell power density drops, leading to a decrease in the voltage cycle amplitude while the voltage cycle period remains the same. According to the empirical kinetic rate equation, the catalyst degradation exponentially increases with increasing the voltage. Therefore, a higher degradation rate is observed for a catalyst operating on a voltage cycle with a lower amplitude while the period and the upper potential limit (UPL) are maintained the same, causing a significant platinum ion generation. Fig. 1 shows the change of remaining ECSA over time and resulting fuel cell lifetime for three stack sizes which are represented by the stack nominal powers. The results show that the fuel cell lifetime will be roughly doubled when the stack size is reduced by half. Stack sizing is thus an important consideration for fuel cell durability in the FCV application. In this regard, predicting fuel cell lifetime is a crucial step in commercializing FCVs. The present modeling framework could be utilized by FCV developers to predict lifetime for new products instead of carrying out time-consuming lifetime experiments. The factors influencing fuel cell durability can also be investigated using the present model framework to develop durables cells and stacks for a targeted FCV application. Acknowledgements This research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Canada Research Chairs, and Simon Fraser University Community Trust Endowment Fund. References [1] S. D. Knights, K. M. Colbow, J. St-Pierre and D. P. Wilkinson, "Aging mechanisms and lifetime of PEFC and DMFC," Journal of power sources, vol. 127, no. 1-2, pp. 127-134, 2004. [2] H. A. Baroody and E. Kjeang, "Predicting Platinum Dissolution and Performance Degradation under Drive Cycle Operation of Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells," Journal of The Electrochemical Society, vol. 168, no. 4, p. 044524, 2021. [3] P. Ahmadi and E. Kjeang, "Realistic simulation of fuel economy and life cycle metrics for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles," International Journal of Energy Research, vol. 41, no. 5, pp. 714-727, 2017. Figure 1
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Arnés, Laura A. "Escenas lesbianas. Miradas disidentes y comunidades afectivas en torno a Victoria Ocampo." INTERdisciplina 10, no. 27 (May 1, 2022): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/ceiich.24485705e.2022.27.82144.
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<span>A partir de la relectura de ciertas escenas presentes en la revista <em>Sur </em>y en la <em>Autobiografía</em> de Victoria Ocampo (VO), este artículo sostiene que Ocampo, violentando el mandato patriarcal a ser objeto, fijó, a través de su mirada, un régimen afectivo alternativo que fue, también, un modo de conocimiento diferencial. Pero, además, a partir de la lectura de la correspondencia de VO, procuro darle cuerpo a un archivo cultural y afectivo que pasó desapercibido para la crítica hegemónica. Plantear el matiz de una afectividad disidente en la mirada de Ocampo y reflexionar en torno al modo en que los afectos que circulaban en su red internacional de amistades feministas y lesbianas quedaron plasmados en la escritura, implica no solo proponer un posible foco de disrupción en el sistema de representación sino, también, dar cuenta de los modos en que esta percepción diferencial moldeó formas de visibilidad que re-enmarcaron el entretejido de prácticas, maneras de ser y modos de sentir. Implica, también, leer los modos en los que en el cruce e</span><span>ntre lo privado y público, entre lo psíquico y lo social, los cuerpos sexuales y textuales resultan inseparables. Las escenas lesbianas aparecen así interrumpiendo no solo los recorridos normativos de nuestros imaginarios sino, también, de nuestras prácticas críticas hegemónicas.</span>
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Ioannidou, Elisavet. "From Crisis to Compensation: Reinventing Identity and Place in the Sideshow and the Laboratory." Humanities 11, no. 1 (January 13, 2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h11010010.
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Examining the ambivalent place of the sideshow and the laboratory within Victorian culture and its reimaginings, this essay explores the contradiction between the narratively orchestrating role and peripheral location of the sideshow in Leslie Parry’s Church of Marvels (2015) and the laboratory in NBC’s Dracula (2013–2014), reading these neo-Victorian spaces as heterotopias, relational places simultaneously belonging to and excluded from the dominant social order. These spaces’ impacts on individual identity illustrate this uneasy relationship. Both the sideshow and the laboratory constitute sites of resignification, emerging as “crisis heterotopias” or sites of passage: in Parry’s novel, the sideshow allows the Church twins to embrace their unique identities, surpassing the limitations of their physical resemblance; in Dracula, laboratory experiments reverse Dracula’s undead condition. Effecting reinvention, these spaces reconfigure the characters’ senses of belonging, propelling them to places beyond their confines, and thus projecting the latter’s heterotopic qualities onto the city. Potentially harmful, yet opening up urban space to include identities which are considered aberrant, these relocations envision the city as a “heterotopia of compensation”: an alternative, possibly idealized, space that reifies the sideshow’s and the laboratory’s attempts to achieve greater extroversion and visibility for their liminal occupants, thus fostering neo-Victorianism’s outreach efforts to support the disempowered.
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Davis, W. B. "Music Therapy in Victorian England: Frederick Kill Harford and the Guild of St. Cecilia." Music Therapy Perspectives 7, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mtp/7.1.17.
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Piechota, Dariusz. "Długie trwanie wieku XIX – (pop)kulturowe rekonstrukcje przeszłości w najnowszej fantastyce." Bibliotekarz Podlaski Ogólnopolskie Naukowe Pismo Bibliotekoznawcze i Bibliologiczne 52, no. 3 (December 13, 2021): 243–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.36770/bp.632.
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Contemporary popular culture eagerly returns to the era of steam and electricity. The pop-culture imagery of the nineteenth century functions in two variants (realistic and fantastic) and takes the form of intertextual games, providing material for postmodern collages and remixes. New genres, such as steampunk and mashup, were quickly adapted and modified by Polish writers. Victorians were replaced by positivists who saw modern inventions as an effective weapon in the fight against the invaders. In addition to works presenting an alternative history of the January Uprising, fantasy authors eagerly refer to the works of Bolesław Prus. The further fate of The Doll appears both in the steampunk and mashup conventions. An interesting realization of the mashup is also the anthology Other worlds, inspired by the works of Jakub Różalski, which combine fantasy with realistic poetics straight from the paintings of Józef Chełmoński. In the alternative world of Polish graphics there appear monstrous machines, characters from another dimension (like dwarfs).
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LIVYTSKA, Inna. "Landscape Semiotics of Subjectivity in the English Novel of the 19thCentury." Linguistic and Conceptual Views of the World, no. 72(2) (2022): 96–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2520-6397.2022.2.07.
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Semiotic relations between the homo sapiens and his/her topos or environment have recently become the focus of eminent or mediated fictional subjective modelling. In the course of research with the tools of the cultural discourse analysis (CDA), a range of communicative practices has been unveiled. These include among others verbalized images of the topi, descriptive outlines of the localities and directions, ways of showing, symbolic representations of typical animals, topographic lexis, verbal and non-verbal means of the visualization of the surroundings etc. The object of the research constitutes the semiotic potential of the “ethnic-physical nomenclature”, which presupposes the application of the cultural discourse analysis to the environment as a form of subjectivized reality of the human being. Victorian writers provide us with the well of unlimited material in this respect as the experiencing subject of pre-industrial England has been portrayed as a sensitive agency in the imaginative fictional narrative world. Therefore, Victorian’s world outlook becomes the research objective of ecocriticism, a new direction of critical discourse analysis. The aim of cultural discourse analysis in symbiosis with the ecocritical approach is to investigate ways and means of correlation of verbal and non-verbal discourses and their material and physical embodiment in culture. Ecocritical reference to the Victorian period has been considered prolific in terms of discursive means disclosing complicated relations of the approaching technological progress, great discoveries in the human physic and Nature. Positing the human being in the centre of all the animal species stressed a universal character of semiosis, where the global ecological view was put on the core of the scientific and fictional manifestation. A prominent example of this cosmological feeling is seen in a close correlation of the narratives with the setting and psychological foregrounding in the novel of George Eliot “Middlemarch”, where the main character Dorothy Brooke symbolizes the Nietzschean idea of eternal return, demonstrating clear awareness of George Eliot of the evolution of species multiplied by theological subtext.
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Gaudet, Loren. "Labour-Based Grading Contracts in an Indigenous-Specific Section of Academic Reading and Writing." Discourse and Writing/Rédactologie 32 (November 9, 2022): 418–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31468/dwr.975.
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This essay outlines the experience of introducing a labour-based grading contract in a section of the University of Victoria’s standard introduction to academic reading and writing that was only open to students who self-identified as Indigenous. Labour-based grading contracts offer an alternative approach to conventional grading, in which a student’s grade is determined by the amount of labour that the student does over the semester. By emphasizing labour and learning, this approach to grading works towards decentering normalized whiteness in academic writing pedagogy. In this essay, I describe our labour-based contract, I explain how our class negotiated the contract, and I share some reflections on what went well and what I would do differently next time.
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Arnold-Forster, Agnes. "Mapmaking and Mapthinking: Cancer as a Problem of Place in Nineteenth-century England." Social History of Medicine 33, no. 2 (October 8, 2018): 463–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hky059.
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Abstract In the nineteenth century, Dr Alfred Haviland plotted the distribution of cancer on maps of England. Matured within the intellectual milieu of nascent professional public health, his work can be married to that of his fellow sanitary reformers; however, his approach to medical cartography differed from what historians expect of Victorian mapmakers. While most of his mapmaking colleagues attended to urban places, Haviland turned his attention to the English countryside. This article will thus make three interventions into the limited literature on cancer in nineteenth-century England. First, it will demonstrate how cancer came to be constituted as a problem of place. Second, it will show that Haviland understood the disease to be produced by rural environs, and thus paradoxically correlated to healthful locales rather than areas of urban squalor. Third, this article suggests an alternative to the well-travelled interpretation of nineteenth-century mapping as an exercise in power and social control.
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Khokhel, Dariia. "Vision of Victorian Ecological Disaster (based on the selected novels by Cindy Spencer Pape)." Synopsis: Text Context Media 27, no. 4 (December 25, 2021): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-259x.2021.4.3.
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The problem of nature deterioration in the Anthropocene has become an important art concern, thus leading to analysis of ecological images in the texts of various genres. Our analysis of such imagery in a gaslight romance series is equally topical. The subject of the study is universe of the series of novels by Cindy Spencer Pape which centres around alternative nineteenth century London with highly developed steam engines and corresponding technology. Ecocritical approach is chosen as the research method of the study as the novels have powerful ecological imagery, which requires close analysis. The series covers a number of years, and so the ecological deterioration due to coal overuse can be traced through various London locales, which are described in different time frames, and the comparative reading of these descriptions provides the proof of ecological deterioration. It reveals the consistent ecological discourse within the series, its ties strengthened through steady layering of the images of nature, burdened with progressing pollution. There is social dimension to the issue, as the poorer urban residents are shown to be more effected by this problem due to their jobs, work and living conditions. The paper aims to reveal these numerous aspects of ecological imagery in the texts. The results. Close text analysis of various levels allows us to decipher the multi-layered ecological images and dwell on the message they bear. As the environment degradation takes place in the past, the series allows us to describe its results as facts and compress its progress in time and space within the span of the novels setting. This intensifies the image of the catastrophe, makes it feel more immediate and pressing, thus becoming a powerful plot tool that results in search for solutions of the problem and alleviation of the existing results of coal overuse. This research is the basis of further analysis of ecological imagery in steampunk and gaslight romance as genres, fruitful in that regard.
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Moi, John H. Y., Uyen Phan, Adam de Gruchy, Danny Liew, Tanya I. Yuen, John E. Cunningham, and Ian P. Wicks. "Is establishing a specialist back pain assessment and management service in primary care a safe and effective model? Twelve-month results from the Back pain Assessment Clinic (BAC) prospective cohort pilot study." BMJ Open 8, no. 10 (October 2018): e019275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019275.
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ObjectivesTo report on the design, implementation and evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of the Back pain Assessment Clinic (BAC) model.DesignBAC is a new, community-based specialist service for assessing and managing neck and low back pain (LBP). The BAC pilot was supported by a Victorian Department of Health and Human Services grant and was evaluated using the Victorian Innovation Reform Impact Assessment Framework (VIRIAF). Data were obtained by auditing BAC activity (22 July 2014 to 30 June 2015) and conducting surveys and interviews of patients, stakeholders and referrers.SettingTertiary and primary care.ParticipantsAdult patients with neck and LBP referred for outpatient surgical consultation.Main outcome measuresVIRIAF outcomes: (1) access to care; (2) appropriate and safe care; (3) workforce optimisation and integration; and (4) efficiency and sustainability.ResultsA total of 522 patients were seen during the pilot. Most were referred to hospital services by general practitioners (87%) for LBP (63%) and neck pain (24%). All patients were seen within 10 weeks of referral and commenced community-based allied health intervention within 2–4 weeks of assessment in BAC. Of patients seen, 34% had medications adjusted, 57% were referred for physiotherapy, 3.2% to pain services, 1.1% to rheumatology and 1.8% for surgical review. Less MRI scans were ordered in BAC (6.4%) compared with traditional spinal surgical clinics (89.8%), which translated to a cost-saving of $52 560 over 12 months. Patient and staff satisfaction was high. There have been no patient complaints or adverse incidents.ConclusionEvaluation of the BAC pilot suggests it is a potentially safe and cost-saving alternative model of care. Results of the BAC pilot merit further evaluation to determine the potential cost-effectiveness, longer term and broader societal impact of implementing BAC more widely.
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FLACH, DAISSON. "Alice and the language of Law." Revista Jurídica de Investigación e Innovación Educativa (REJIE Nueva Época), no. 9 (January 1, 2014): 49–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/rejie.2014.v0i9.7730.
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Alice, by entering in the rabbit hole, finds a dream-like universe in which language is broken into multiple directions. Once language, as representation of the world, is lost, and nothing is what once was, the Victorian girl does not know who she is anymore, and gets caught amidst anguishing dilutions and signal switches. Once identity and permanence are torn, all she had learnt fails, since form is just a mere nexus of changing signs. There is no rudder anymore, there are no borders, there is no more nomos. It is this abyss of words the arena where one reflects on the language of Law, about this culturally-shared sense-constructing material logic. Between what changes and what remains, this corpus of knowledge one refers to as Law is woven among mirrors. This essay flows in the midst of dialogues, games, rules, senses and identity. By the hands of Carroll, one makes an unlikely journey through the language of Law.
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Anthoni, Uffe, Carsten Christophersen, Per Halfdan Nielsen, Lone Gram, and Bent Ole Petersen. "Pseudomonine, an Isoxazolidone with Siderophoric Activity from Pseudomonas fluorescens AH2 Isolated from Lake Victorian Nile Perch." Journal of Natural Products 58, no. 11 (November 1995): 1786–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/np50125a026.
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Belchem, John. "The Neglected “Unstamped”: The Manx Pauper Press of the 1840s." Albion 24, no. 4 (1992): 605–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4050669.
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By using Manx taxation and postal privileges, radicals and other activists were able to avoid the “taxes on knowledge,” to continue the campaign for a cheap press that mainland publishers, veterans of the “war of the unstamped,” had been forced to abandon in 1836. Free of stamp duty, paper duty, and advertizement tax, papers published on the Isle of Man were entitled to free postage throughout mainland Britain, a privilege extended to include re-postage in 1840. Taking advantage of these Manx facilities, publishers were able to defy commercial pressures to re-launch the “unstamped,” briefly recapturing its original political and educational mission. This paper seeks to recover this neglected episode in newspaper history. It highlights the use of Manx facilities by three broad groups of reformers, each of whom looked to the medium of the cheap press to redefine the reform agenda of early-Victorian Britain. First, those who promoted individual behavioral reform, a project that extended from temperance through various “alternative” remedies and regimes, physical and mental, to a bewildering array of “faddist” nostrums. Second, those involved in the increasing formalization of popular politics and associational culture, a process that placed print above traditional oral and visual modes of communication. Third, and closely related, those radicals who wished to expurgate earlier errors and excesses, to replace the transient tumult of the collective mass platform by individual commitment to rational reform. Each of these groups sought to benefit from Manx publication and postal privileges: through the widespread distribution of inexpensive propaganda; by the production of cheap “in-house” journals, which would provide channels of information for members of affiliated friendly societies, amalgamated trade unions, and political organizations; and by the packaging of news in cheap and attractive formats to reach the individual family home. These categories often overlapped, as did their formats; in the publications of William Shirrefs, the most enterprising of the Manx-based printers and publishers, newspaper, magazine, and “agitational” journal merged into one, providing a lively mixture of news, education, politics, information, fiction, amusement, and recreation, a comprehensive cheap package for the working-class reader. At a time of commercialization—the rise of the penny dreadful, the advent of the family magazine, and the dominance of the lurid Sunday press—the Manx press pointed towards the higher ideals of mid-Victorian Britain, providing its readership with the information and instruction to allow their personal and political development within the privacy of the home.