Journal articles on the topic 'Alternative medicine Moral and ethical aspects'
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Garcia, Jorge L. A. "Virtues and Principles in Biomedical Ethics." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine 45, no. 4-5 (July 29, 2020): 471–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhaa013.
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Abstract In the seventh and most recent edition of their classic book, Principles of Biomedical Ethics, Tom Beauchamp and James Childress define a virtue as a character trait that is “socially valuable and reliably present” and a moral virtue as such a trait that is also both “dispositional” and “morally valuable” (2013, 31, 377). The virtues that they single out as “focal” within biomedical ethics are compassion, discernment, trustworthiness, integrity, and conscientiousness (Beauchamp and Childress, 2013, 37–44). Not all is well in their treatment of virtue. Beauchamp and Childress seem to worry that an ethical theory in which virtues are fundamental will neglect duties, rights, and societal needs. Further, they insist that there is no reason to think that, within ethical theory, one family of ethical concepts is the most important, nor that one theoretical approach is correct, or even superior to others. I will try to show, that there are (and that we have) strong reasons to see language, concepts, and matters of virtue as fundamental within normative ethical theory, both generally and in such specialized subareas as medical ethics. These reasons reveal themselves when we analyze concepts at the core of the alternative approaches to theorizing ethics that Beauchamp and Childress identify.
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Tronconi, Giulia. "Ethical Criticism and There Will Be Blood: Autonomism, Moralism, and Immoralist Perspectives." Film Matters 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 118–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/fm_00209_1.
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The article explores the role played by moral categories in the assessment of an artwork’s overall aesthetic value. By means of close analysis of Paul Thomas Anderson’s 2007 There Will Be Blood, the work maintains an immoralist approach, where an artwork’s unethical attitude may yield cognitive gain to its receiver—or perhaps unsettle their moral compass in an unusual, pleasant way. There Will Be Blood is considered a cinematic masterwork; yet, the viewing experience is complicated by the film’s greedy and self-obsessed protagonist, Daniel Plainview (Daniel Day-Lewis). The article scrutinizes the film’s most notable sequence—the explosion of the oil derrick—to formulate an aesthetic evaluation that manages to assess, simultaneously, formal and moral aspects.
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Morozova, A. A. "V.S. Solovyov on the Correlation between Economy and Morality: Modern Aspects." Solov’evskie issledovaniya, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 38–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17588/2076-9210.2021.4.038-053.
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The processes of the development of a market economy, entailing the commercialization in all spheres of social life, raise the question of the correlation between the role of human beings as economic subjects and our role as moral beings. In economics, this this issue is associated with the discussion about the way norms pervade economic theory, expressed in the dichotomy between holistic and individualistic methods. The scope of the influence of governmental bodies and large corporate structures on the socio-economic, cultural and natural environment highlights the philosophical problem of applying moral criteria to collective economic actors, which is reflected in the concept of corporate social responsibility (CSR). The author, in this paper, opines that the question of introducing ethical principles into economic practice cannot be entirely resolved within the framework of economic theory and requires an appeal to moral philosophy. The problem of the correlation between the economic and the moral spheres is considered on the basis of V.S. Solovyov’s work “The Justification of the Good”. The principal economic ideas stated in this work are discussed in the context of assessments by past and present researchers, of economic history, and of philosophical and economic-managerial conceptions. The author presents a comparative analysis of V.S. Solovyov’s ideas about the correlation between economics and morality and the principal ideas behind corporate social responsibility. The author reveals axiological and teleological differences between the two conceptions. Whereas V.S. Solovyov deals with moral and religious categories and notions of progress, the concept of corporate social responsibility is based on economic and legal priorities and is focused on sustainable development. At the same time, the similarities identified between the concepts (such as their complex nature, the acknowledgement of the role of moral principles of the economic participants, the importance of environmental issues and legal regulators) lead us to conclude about the possibility of their further convergence and the surmounting of the limitations of corporate social responsibility based on the teachings of V.S. Solovyov.
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O’Brien, Daniel C. "Medical Ethics as Taught and as Practiced: Principlism, Narrative Ethics, and the Case of Living Donor Liver Transplantation." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine 47, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 95–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhab039.
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Abstract The dominant model for bioethical inquiry taught in medical schools is that of principlism. The heritage of this methodology can be traced to the Enlightenment project of generating a universalizable justification for normative morality arising from within the individual, rational agent. This project has been criticized by Alasdair MacIntyre who suggests that its failure has resulted in a fragmented and incoherent contemporary ethical framework characterized by fundamental intractability in moral debate. This incoherence implicates principlist conceptions of bioethics. Medical ethics as practiced, though, is partially in keeping with teleological alternatives to principlism. Nonetheless, the hegemony of principlism threatens to harm the practice of good medicine whenever it is used to provide justification for the sanction or prohibition of practices, despite not being equipped to grant moral authority to such justifications. An example of this failure and its resulting harm is expressed in the growing obsolescence of living donor liver transplantation.
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DAVIS, JOHN B., and ROBERT McMASTER. "Situating care in mainstream health economics: an ethical dilemma?" Journal of Institutional Economics 11, no. 4 (November 21, 2014): 749–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1744137414000538.
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Abstract:Standard health economics concentrates on the provision of care by medical professionals. Yet ‘care’ receives scant analysis; it is portrayed as a spillover effect or externality in the form of interdependent utility functions. In this context care can only be conceived as either acts of altruism or as social capital. Both conceptions are subject to considerable problems stemming from mainstream health economics’ reliance on a reductionist social model built around instrumental rationality and consequentialism. Subsequently, this implies a disregard for moral rules and duties and the compassionate aspects of behaviour. Care as an externality is a second-order concern relative to self-interested utility maximization, and is therefore crowded out by the parameters of the standard model. We outline an alternative relational approach to conceptualising care based on the social embeddedness of the individual that emphasises the ethical properties of care. The deontological dimension of care suggests that standard health economics is likely to undervalue the importance of care and caring in medicine.
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Bagrationi, Irma. "On the Risks of Ethical Decision-Making from the History of the Political Thought." Cybernetics and Computer Technologies, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.34229/2707-451x.21.4.9.
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Introduction: We are interested in the theoretical considerations of the actual pragmatic questions about ethical worldview meaning of understanding of the innovation dealings world, the nature of its conceptual risk dilemmas and problems and sententious thinking in the sphere of political business industry. Our viewpoint is dedicated to the most important aspects of the essence and peculiarities of the social moral standards of innovation approaches in the context of a political solution through methodology of modern mental technology - especially: cognitive methods with gnostic wisdom research and utilitarian creative knowledge and axiological methodology with overestimation ethical values and demonstrating intellectual concepts. Into the framework of the main goal of the research are reviewed the basic theoretical paradigms on the background of ethical worldview analysis (through comparative historical technique of thinking) of the leading-edge conceptual theories of the famous contemporary Russian, American and European thinkers. The purpose of the article is to prove, substantiate and confirm the following thesis. In order for the ethical of timely paroemiac responsibility and political freedom to be able to fulfill its axiological tasks, it is necessary to reach some worldview ideas: ??to create an universal model of moral consciousness and high valuable behavior; overcome mental and sociocultural biases regarding the debatable assessment of the convincingness of events and determine the relevant logical reaction of society not only to a certain risk of eatable technical thinking, but also to uncertainty regarding their intellectual decision in relation to approved ethical, operational, empirical and principled notions, proposals, expression views and suggestions. The results. Scientific conceptual alternatives of optimization of practical and urgent ethical valuable dilemmas are given. The issues of the possibility of formation of a worldview system through practical ethical requirements that standard regulates the reactionary politics of intellectual reality to probabilistic hazards are discussed. The ethical standards of universal prohibitions, the moral responsibility of human nature and the ethics of virtue make a conflict of social and political interests through insurmountable cognitive, discussible, reviewable and discursive difficulties are demonstratively shown. Conclusions. Taking into dominant the essence of the main backgrounds of the existential specific theoretical approaches for worldview methods solving moral political problems is integrated some innovation decisions through valuable considerations. The fundamental ethical concepts of utilitarian thought of historical reminiscences synthesize the possibility problematic circumstances into the logical model of making morally important and useful decisions much easier are analyzed, but through in the valuating pragmatic context needs a main transformation in mental formation of ideological metric and social-political structure. Keywords: ethical worldview decision, political industry, innovation approaches, moral values, mental technologies, risk decision methods, conceptual risk dilemmas.
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Del Pilar De Antueno, Maria, Gabriela Peirano, Isabel Pincemin, Maria Isabel Iñigo Petralanda, and Eduardo Bruera. "Bioethical perspective for decision making in situations of scarcity of resources during the COVID-19 pandemic." Medicina e Morale 71, no. 1 (April 14, 2022): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/mem.2022.1197.
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Lack of resources available in intensive care units (ICU) during the COVID-19 pandemic requires bioethical guidance to respond to dilemmas presented in health teams. A person-centered ethical analysis (PCEA) for ICU clinicians, becomes the best alternative to morally justify extreme decision-making in the scarcity of available resources. The goal is to make a selection based on bioethical and clinical criteria, considering a holistic view of the person, and not just a utilitarian or first-come, first-served criterion as the one set out by colleagues from Oxford University, known as RAPR (Resource Adjusted Probability Ratio) ethical algorithm for rationing life-sustaining treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, fundamental bioethical principles emphasizing therapeutic proportionality and how to make an appropriate moral judgment that conveys to a sensible decision-making ethically grounded are explained, considering a flow chart proposed by colleagues from the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile. In this paper we propose the PCEA Algorithm to assist ICU teams in decision making regarding fair resource allocation and care delivery during an overwhelming pandemic scenario.
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Fauhatun, Fathin Fauhatun. "Mysticism and Treatment: Tools of Healing and Case Study Practices of Spiritual Alternative Medicine in Boarding Schools." Majalah Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Pemikiran Keagamaan Tajdid 25, no. 1 (June 29, 2022): 54–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/tajdid.v25i1.4154.
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The modern era is known as the era of progress in various aspects of human life, should be able to bring prosperity, build happiness together towards an ethical, moral life and create peace. However, what happens is very different, humans experience a lot of hardships, mental anxiety, tension and emotional stress. This study aims to reintroduce the values of Sufism and can be applied in everyday life. This research is a library research, so the pattern used is reflective-inductive deductive. By using a psychological approach. Discussing the relationship between Sufism and medicine, where previously Sufism was understood to tend to distance itself from social activities but it turns out that Sufism is not the case in modern times Sufism plays an important role in overcoming complaints faced by humans, in practice Sufism can be used as a means of treatment and methods used in carrying out Treatment using tasawuf can be done to overcome psychological problems, by cleansing the mind and re-practicing religious values in order to achieve the pleasure of Allah, to apply these treatment Islamic boarding schools are a forum for helping the application of treatment through Sufism.
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Beckwith, Francis, and Allison Krile Thornton. "Moral Status and the Architects of Principlism." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine 45, no. 4-5 (July 29, 2020): 504–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhaa019.
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Abstract In this article, we discuss Beauchamp and Childress’s treatment of the issue of moral status. In particular, we (1) introduce the five different perspectives on moral status that Beauchamp and Childress consider in Principles of Biomedical Ethics and explain their alternative to those perspectives, (2) raise some critical questions about their approach, and (3) offer a different way to think about one of the five theories of moral status (the theory based on human properties) that is more in line with what we believe some of its leading advocates affirm.
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McMahan, Jeff. "An Alternative to Brain Death." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 34, no. 1 (2006): 44–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2006.00007.x.
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Most contributors to the debate about brain death, including Dr. James Bernat, share certain assumptions. They believe that the concept of death is univocal, that death is a biological phenomenon, that it is necessarily irreversible, that it is paradigmatically something that happens to organisms, that we are human organisms, and therefore that our deaths will be deaths of organisms. These claims are supposed to have moral significance. It is, for example, only when a person dies that it is permissible to extract her organs for transplantation.It is also commonly held that our univocal notion of death is the permanent cessation of integrated functioning in an organism and that the criterion for determining when this has occurred in animals with brains is the death of the brain as a whole – that is, brain death. The reason most commonly given for this is that the brain is the irreplaceable master control of the organism's integration.
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de Tantillo, Lila, Juan M. González, and Johis Ortega. "Organ Donation After Circulatory Death and Before Death: Ethical Questions and Nursing Implications." Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice 20, no. 3 (August 2019): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527154419864717.
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Scientific advances have enabled thousands of individuals to extend their lives through organ donation. Yet, shortfalls of available organs persist, and individuals in the United States die daily before they receive what might have been lifesaving organs. For years, the legal foundation of organ donation in the United States has been known as the Dead Donor Rule, requiring death to be defined for organ donation purposes by either a cardiac standard (termination of the heartbeat) or a neurological one (cessation of all brain function). In this context, one solution used by an increasing number of health care facilities since 2006 is donation after circulatory death, generally defined as when care is withdrawn from individuals who have known residual brain function. Despite its increased use, donation after circulatory death remains ethically controversial. In addition, some ethicists have advocated forgoing the Dead Donor Rule altogether and allowing donation before or near death in certain circumstances. However, nurses and other health professionals must carefully consider the practical and ethical implications of broadening the Dead Donor Rule—as may be already occurring—or removing it entirely. Such changes could harm both the integrity of the health care system as well as efforts to secure organ donation commitments from the public and are outweighed by the moral and pragmatic cost. Nurses should be prepared to confront the challenge posed by the ongoing scarcity of organs and advocate for ethical alternatives including research on effective care pathways and education regarding organ donation.
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Filipenko, Larisa. "THE VIEW OF FEMINIST MAGAZINES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE ON THE MARITAL PROBLEMS AND MORAL GENDER EQUALITY." Epistemological Studies in Philosophy Social and Political Sciences 4, no. 1 (July 21, 2021): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/342109.
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Feminism today is an alternative philosophical concept of socio-cultural development. The article highlights the marital problem and gender equality in the pages of feminist magazines of the early XX century in the Russian Empire. In modern society, there has been much discussion on the issues of gender equality, prohibition or legalization of abortion, legalization of prostitution, the relevance of legal marriage, child-rearing, etc., that is, socio-cultural aspects. All these issues were raised by the feminist press in the early XX century. The purpose of this article is to analyze the arguments of female correspondents of feminist magazines of the Russian Empire in accordance with the double standards, marriage and methods of achieving true gender equality. As a result of the study, we have identified that during the period moral and ethical issues were recognized as an important part of the “women’s issue”, which were considered by feminist women’s magazines through the prism of two officially recognized sexual institutions in the Russian Empire: marriage and prostitution. Women’s magazines sharply criticized the “double standards”, which set unequal demands on the morality of men and women. According to them, “double standards” was the principal cause underlying the existence of prostitution and humiliated position of a woman in the family, so feminists demanded the recognition of “single sexual morality” either in the direction of “sexual abstinence” or through “sexual freedom” for men and women.
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Kinghorn, Warren. "Challenging the Hegemony of the Symptom: Reclaiming Context in PTSD and Moral Injury." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy: A Forum for Bioethics and Philosophy of Medicine 45, no. 6 (October 31, 2020): 644–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jmp/jhaa023.
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Abstract Although post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is now constituted by a set of characteristic symptoms, its roots lie in Post-Vietnam Syndrome, a label generated by a Vietnam-era advocacy movement that focused not on symptoms but on war’s traumatic context. When Post-Vietnam Syndrome was subsumed into the abstract, individualistic, symptom-centered language of DSM-III and rendered as PTSD, it not only lost this focus on context but also neglected the experiences of veterans who suffer from things done or witnessed, not primarily from what was done to them, in war. This agent-related trauma has been rediscovered in contemporary work on moral injury, but moral injury too is increasingly subjected to the hegemony of the symptom. Focusing on symptoms, however, unhelpfully pathologizes and individualizes trauma, neglects traumatic context, and legitimates problematic therapeutic approaches. Trauma researchers and clinicians should decenter the language of symptoms and focus instead on context and on alternative accounts of trauma.
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Al-Shyyab, Yaser Mohammad, and Hani J. Irtaimeh. "Nexus of Authentic Leadership and Smart Organization Through Strategic Ambidexterity and Improvisational Capabilities: A Conceptual Model." Journal of Management and Sustainability 13, no. 1 (January 17, 2023): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jms.v13n1p17.
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Many studies across different eras have dealt with the topic of leadership and from different aspects, despite the large number of researches over time, management researchers have recently begun to define modern concepts of leadership, this study aims to review the theoretical literature on identifying Authentic Leadership “AL” represented by (Self-Awareness “SA”, Balanced Processing “BP”, Internalized Moral and Ethical Perspectives “IMEP” and Relational Transparency “RT”) and its impact on the Smart Organization “SO” represented by (Understanding the Environment “UE”, Continuous Learning “CL”, Resources Mobilization “RM”, and Finding Strategic Alternatives “FSA”) and to examine the Mediating role of Strategic Ambidexterity “SAM” and the moderating role of Improvisational Capabilities “IC”.
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Cantrell, Tobias K. "The ‘opt-out’ approach to deceased organ donation in England: A misconceived policy which may precipitate moral harm." Clinical Ethics 14, no. 2 (June 2019): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477750919851052.
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In an effort to solve the shortage of transplantable organs, there have been several proposals to introduce an opt-out approach to deceased organ donation in England (also termed ‘deemed’, or ‘presumed’ consent). In seeking to enact the so-called ‘opt-out proposal’ via an amendment to the Human Tissue Act 2004, The Organ Donation (Deemed Consent) Bill 2017–19 represents the most recent attempt at such legal reform. Despite popular calls to the contrary, I argue in this paper that it would be premature for England, or, indeed, any country, to adopt an opt-out approach at this time. Not only is the available evidence inconclusive on whether introduction of the opt-out proposal would increase the supply of transplantable organs (a common misconception), but there is also a chance that doing so might bring about an otherwise avoidable moral harm through an unjustified interference with individual autonomy. I maintain that the resources required to change the law to such effect would be better expended on alternative, provenly efficacious and less contentious mechanisms for increasing the supply of transplantable organs, such as: improving communication with the family of the deceased, developing infrastructure, raising public awareness and enhancing staff training, attitudes and understanding towards organ donation.
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Daigle, Courtney L., Xandra Christine A. Meneses, and Janice Swanson. "137 Optimizing Animal Welfare in a Socially Acceptable and Sustainable Manner: The ASAS Grand Challenge That Requires Moral Self-reflection and Scientific Calibration." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_3 (October 8, 2021): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab235.129.
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Abstract Animal welfare often engages diverse values and ethics including those of citizens, consumers, scientists, and farmers. Consequently, AW is one of the seven grand challenges (GCs) identified by the ASAS Public Policy Committee (PPC). Societal concerns can lead to public policy decisions at the state or federal level that impact animal agriculture. The ASAS PPC GCs on animal welfare will be examined, progress evaluated, and recommendations made for setting research priorities. Five key questions and their corresponding expected outcomes were identified to advance AW in the GC areas of sustainable management practices, genetic markers, pain mitigation, transportation, and humane euthanasia/depopulation. The diversity of disciplines required to address these key questions is astounding. A five-year window (2015-present) was used to evaluate each key question and outcome. The published peer-reviewed literature and the North Central 1029 and Western 3173 multi-state project station reports served as the foundation for our evaluation. In brief, research opportunities exist to identify new methods and technologies to improve livestock transportation, humane endpoints for emergency depopulation, and management practices enhancing the sustainability footprint of livestock; and there is an urgent need to identify effective preventative measures against heat stress. The investigation of effective methods for species-specific pain assessment and mitigation strategies should continue to be a priority and include the development of alternative practices that avoid pain. Research into genetic markers associated with various aspects of animal wellbeing is growing and offers ample opportunity to improve animal welfare. Animal welfare research also requires scientists to engage with stakeholders to maintain perspective. One example is demonstrated by members of NC 1029 who report engagement in over thirty advisory boards across the supply chain. Through this type of engagement, animal scientists can influence the food supply system and serve as a conduit between social concerns, policy, and science.
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Norvoll, Reidun, and Reidar Pedersen. "Patients’ moral views on coercion in mental healthcare." Nursing Ethics 25, no. 6 (October 27, 2016): 796–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733016674768.
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Background: Coercion in mental healthcare has led to ethical debate on its nature and use. However, few studies have explicitly explored patients’ moral evaluations of coercion. Aim: The purpose of this study is to increase understanding of patients’ moral views and considerations regarding coercion. Research design: Semi-structured focus-group and individual interviews were conducted and data were analysed through a thematic content analysis. Participants and research context: A total of 24 adult participants with various mental health problems and experiences with coercion were interviewed in 2012–2013 in three regions of Norway. Ethical considerations: Ethical approval and permissions were obtained according to required procedures. Informed consent and confidentiality were also secured. Findings: Ethical considerations regarding coercion included seven main themes: the need for alternative perspectives and solutions, the existence of a danger or harm to oneself or others, the problem of paternalism, the problem of discrimination and stigma, the need for proportionality, the importance of the content and consequences of coercion and concerns about way that coercion is carried out in practice. Discussion: The participants’ views and considerations are in line with previous research and reflect the range of normative arguments commonly encountered in ethical and legal debates. The study accentuates the significance of institutional factors and alternative voluntary treatment opportunities, as well as the legal and ethical principles of proportionality and purposefulness, in moral evaluations of coercion. Conclusion: Broader perspectives on coercion are required to comprehend its ethical challenges and derive possible solutions to these from a patient perspective.
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Cheong Yoo Seock. "Ethical Aspects of Complementary and Alternative Medicine." Korean Journal of Medical Ethics 12, no. 2 (June 2009): 189–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35301/ksme.2009.12.2.189.
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Miller, Brandi Simpson. "The Moral and Ethical Aspects of Gold Coast Foodways." Gastronomica 19, no. 1 (2019): 111–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2019.19.1.111.
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ASLAMOVA, M. "ACCIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF IMPROVING MORAL-ETHICAL QUALITIES OF THE FUTURE DOCTOR." ТHE SOURCES OF PEDAGOGICAL SKILLS, no. 20 (November 22, 2017): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2075-146x.2017.20.209479.
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The author analyzes the problem of upbringing the moral and ethical qualities of the future doctor through the prism of the value perception of professional requirements, reveals the tasks of educational influence on the student in the educational process, ensures the formation of a humanistic, professionally verified system of values as a basis for perfect moral choice in professional activity. With the purpose of research, the criteria (motivational-value, cognitive, procedural-analytical) and levels (elementary, low, medium, high) education of the moral and ethical qualities of the future doctor, which can be achieved in the educational process of medical education, are described and described. requirements for professional activities in the field of medicine. The means of the confirmatory experiment noted how stable the pattern of positive dynamics of education of moral and ethical qualities of future physicians from the first to the graduation course, which was achieved by the traditional means of organizing the educational process in higher education, which allows us to conclude that the orientation of professional training for the education of each student as highly moral, conscious regarding his professional duty of the individual. As a direction of further research, a hypothesis was formulated in relation to the growth of the established dynamics, provided that the future system of exercises that include the axiological aspect of the education of moral and ethical qualities is included in the humanitarian training of future physicians.
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Jung, Yuson. "(Re)establishing the Normal." Gastronomica 14, no. 4 (2014): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2014.14.4.52.
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In the dominant American discourse, alternative practices of consuming ethical foods are often positioned against cheap, highly processed, freely traded, and poor-quality industrially produced foods. This article discusses the different forms and meanings of “alternative” food practices and asks whether consuming organically and locally produced, or fairly traded, foods are the only “alternative” food practices that can claim moral authority and assert one’s ethical adherence. By examining the discourses and practices of everyday food provisioning among resource-constrained consumers in postsocialist Bulgaria and postindustrial Detroit, the article explores the meanings of “good” food, and suggests that “alternatives” do not always translate as foods that are exceptionally moral and pure owing to intrinsic superior values. These comparative case studies complicate a familiar, stereotypical dichotomy between a morally compromised global industrialized food system and an ethical alternative to the status quo that presumes moral purity. The meanings of “good” foods vary in different social and economic contexts, and “alternative” foods therefore can be those that have the power, or promise, to (re)establish a sense of “normal” provisioning opportunities. Recognizing these different forms and meanings of “alternatives” will allow us to envision future food production and consumption practices in more nuanced ways so that an industrialized food system and “alternative” food systems are not cast in mutually exclusive terms.
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Lynöe, Niels. "Ethical and professional aspects of the practice of alternative medicine." Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine 20, no. 4 (December 1992): 217–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/140349489202000406.
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Fontoura Filho, Carlos. "Are the researcher and the reviewer focused on defending the journal’s credibility in the face of scientific demands?" Scientific Journal of the Foot & Ankle 12, no. 4 (December 30, 2018): 263–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30795/scijfootankle.2018.v12.879.
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The last editorial highlighted the importance of the internationalization of this journal as well as the use of well-defined standards and agile and modern mechanisms for the rapid publication of scientific material. In this scenario, there is concern about building a good level of content. A revival of the scientific tradition and the modernization (but not replacement) of the method and forms of review, from standardizations brought about by experimentalism to the inclusion of digital technology, are called for.
In an academic universe in which publication volume transcends optimistic expectations, new journals and scientific portals with global and instantaneous reach appear at every moment. Modernity is, according to Zygmunt Bauman1, liquid. Scientific production gallops. However, readers look for the best-supported content, recognizing that it is impossible to read every published article within their area of interest. With their good power of discernment, they choose more useful and higher-quality articles, leaving aside irrelevant ones. It is not wrong to state that an unread article is a lost article.
Moses Naim2, in his book "The End of Power", notes that it is increasingly feasible for a competent bureaucratic institution to achieve its optimal conceptual level and gain space in an environment in which traditional and powerful institutions already exist in the same segment. The barriers that protect the power of larger institutions are increasingly fragile. The digital age and the internet (mobility), the growing number of alternatives for the same product (more) and increasing intellectual preparation (mentality) help to break down these barriers that preserve the power of traditional organizations. For the same reasons, a newly ascended entity can easily lose its prominence. This phenomenon is what this author calls the revolution of the three “m’s”: more, mobility and mentality. This journal navigates in this sea of contemporary events, within which economic liberalism, for example, insinuates itself, albeit late.
The large volume of publications entails a predictable bias toward a great variety of content and, concurrently, an increase in the spectrum of methodological quality in both the higher and lower directions. This new reality calls on participants who are coherent and aware of their role in steering the "Scientific Journal" along the stormy sea route of a busy and demanding market.
It may be difficult to apply ideas that appear to be obvious: researchers need to produce relevant material with good scientific quality and sound methodology, and reviewers must match researchers’ efforts by devoting the same scientific competence, ethics and dedication to the production that they receive. Therefore, it is important to ask how, within a national context, researchers and reviewers can be prepared, mobilized, updated and improved such that they conduct their work in "firm steps" with good methods and well-applied tools.
See "Liquid Modernity" by Zygmunt Bauman, in which the author, a Polish sociologist and World War II refugee based in Great Britain, considers immediate modernity "light", "liquid", "fluid" and immensely more dynamic than "solid" modernity, which would have been dethroned.
Moisés Naím is a Venezuelan writer and columnist who has been the editor-in-chief of Foreign Policy magazine since 1996. He has written on international politics and economics, economic development, multilateral organizations, US foreign policy and the unintended consequences of globalization.
Carlos Fontoura FilhoReview Board, Scientific Journal of the Foot & AnkleDoctor in Medicine, Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP) in Ribeirão PretoAdjunct Professor of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medical School, Federal University of Triângulo Mineiro
Reply to Professor
Dear Prof. Dr. Carlos Fontoura Filho,
First of all, thank you for your appreciation.
I was motivated when I read your letter and I was sure that our work is being pursued with a focus on best practices. Significant efforts are being expended to achieve our goals.
An interesting aspect to highlight is how editorial processes can suffer external influences, even in scientific environments, where the ethical conduct of authors, reviewers and editors must be above all else.
Practicing medicine under the aegis of ethics requires of the physician a broad experience in this social, moral environment, and constant updating, far beyond the strictly technical requirements. We are much more demanded in the multiple aspects of human relations, if compared to other professions. We must keep careful attention on all those aspects that govern the principles of education and training of young people not only as orthopedic surgeons of the foot and ankle but also as citizens of the world.
Jorge Mitsuo MizusakiEditor-in-chief
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Miller, Franklin G. "Research Ethics and Misguided Moral Intuition." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 32, no. 1 (2004): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2004.tb00455.x.
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The term therapeutic misconception was coined by Paul Appelbaum and his colleagues to describe the tendency of patients enrolled in clinical trials to confuse research participation with the personal clinical attention characteristic of medical care. It has not been recognized that an analogous therapeutic misconception pervades ethical thinking about clinical research with patient-subjects. Investigators and bioethicists often judge the ethics of clinical research based on ethical standards appropriate to the physician-patient relationship in therapeutic medicine. This ethical approach to clinical research constitutes a misconception because it fails to appreciate the ethically significant differences between clinical research and clinical care.In this article I argue that the assumption that the ethical principles governing the practice of therapeutic medicine should also apply to clinical research with patient- subjects produces incoherence in research ethics and erroneous guidance concerning certain controversial research designs.
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Giele, Henk P. "Supporting the call for improving the code of publication ethics to incorporate editorial decisions regarding the causation of harm by publication." Clinical Ethics 16, no. 3 (January 6, 2021): 163–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477750920983575.
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It is argued that editors have a moral responsibility to reject submissions that they felt publication of which may cause harm. However, Ploeg and others suggest that there may exist better alternatives to rejection. He also called for the code of publication ethics to incorporate acknowledgement of the moral responsibility for the effects of publishing, define benefits and harms of publishing, and specify a range of actions an editor may take. This letter highlights a recent such rejection ostensibly made on the basis of harm, but could easily be construed as editorial bias, and supports the call for improving the code of publication ethics to guide editors and secure consistency in decisions.
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Joyner, LoraKim. "Ethical considerations in wildlife medicine." Wildlife Rehabilitation Bulletin 39, no. 1 (May 31, 2022): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.53607/wrb.v39.248.
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Component wildlife ethics includes two aspects: an understanding of ethical principles and skills in ethical deliberation. Ethical principles reviewed here include utilitarianism, deontological ethics, environmentalism or respect for nature, virtue ethics, relational ethics, care ethics and reverence for life ethics. Other processes and tools that take into account human sociology, behaviour and subconscious functioning in moral decision-making include conservation psychology, narrative ethics, socioscience, listening and communication skills, and needs-based ethics. We also take into account non-human functioning such as welfare science, conservation behaviour and cognitive ethology. Incorporating these tools and instituting ethical practices and programs within our wildlife and conservation management plans and organizations improve our ability to care for ourselves, other humans, wildlife and ecosystems.
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Ohnishi, Kayoko, Kazuyo Kitaoka, Jun Nakahara, Maritta Välimäki, Raija Kontio, and Minna Anttila. "Impact of moral sensitivity on moral distress among psychiatric nurses." Nursing Ethics 26, no. 5 (March 1, 2018): 1473–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0969733017751264.
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Background: Moral distress occurs when one knows the right thing to do, but institutional constraints make it nearly impossible to pursue the right course of action. Moral distress was found to cause negative feelings, burnout, and/or resignation. Not only external factors such as lack of staff but also internal ones affect moral distress. Moral sensitivity, which is thought of as an advantage of nurses, could effect moral distress, as nurses being unaware of existing ethical problems must feel little distress. Objectives: To examine the impact of moral sensitivity on moral distress among psychiatric nurses, and affirm the hypothesis that nurses with higher moral sensitivity will suffer moral distress more than nurses with less moral sensitivity in two different samples. Ethical consideration: The study obtained ethical approval from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine at Mie University (# 1111, 20.4.2010), and by the Turku University Ethics Board (29.5.2012). Permissions to undertake the study was obtained from the in two hospital districts and in one city (§ 48/4.10.2012, § 63/4.9.2012, 51/2012 27.8.2012). Informed consent was not formally obtained, because the questionnaire was anonymously reported by the participants who volunteered to answer. The participants responded voluntarily and anonymously. Methods: An anonymous questionnaire containing the Revised Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire and the Moral Distress Scale for Psychiatric nurses was conducted to 997 nurses in 12 hospitals in Japan, and 974 nurses in 10 hospitals in Finland after obtaining of approval by research ethics committees. Data were analyzed using a multi-group structural equation model analysis. Findings: A set of analyses imply that the association of moral sensitivity with moral distress is significant and similar between Japan and Finland, whereas the factor structures of moral sensitivity and moral distress may be partially different. Discussion: The result of this study may indicate that nurses with high moral sensitivity can sense and identify moral problems, but not resolve them. Therefore, supporting nurses to solve ethical problems, not benumbing them, can be important for better nursing care and prevention of nurses’ resignation. Conclusion: Moral sensitivity and moral distress were positively correlated among psychiatric nurses in both Japan and Finland, although the participating nurses from the two countries were different in qualification, age, and cultural background. Nurses with high moral sensitivity suffer from moral distress.
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Zorin, Konstantin V. "Professional competences of a doctor: Ethical and Deontological aspects." Alma mater. Vestnik Vysshey Shkoly, no. 4 (April 2022): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/am.04-22.073.
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The article formulates a number of ethical and deontological aspects of the training and work of a doctor. It has been revealed that there is a need for medical students and practicing doctors to form some important professional competencies, based on spiritual and moral culture, personal maturity, conscientiousness, mercy, as well as the ability to avoid and overcome conflict situations using the basic principles of biomedical ethics. Group discussion and solution of controversial ethical and deontological cases using the method of analysis of the presented situation prepares a medical student for communication, treatment, diagnostic and educational and preventive work with a patient who is faced with a difficult choice and must make an important decision.
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Tyuvina, N. A., A. O. Nikolaevskaya, and V. D. Morozova. "Modern assisted reproductive technologies: neuro-psychiatric, socio-psychological, moral and ethical aspects." Russian Journal of Psychiatry, no. 6 (2021): 88–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.47877/1560-957x-2021-10610.
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Cassidy, Virginia R., and Cynthia J. Koroll. "Ethical aspects of transformational leadership." Holistic Nursing Practice 9, no. 1 (October 1994): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004650-199410000-00008.
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Chatfield, Kate, Bahare Salehi, Javad Sharifi-Rad, and Leila Afshar. "Applying an Ethical Framework to Herbal Medicine." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2018 (September 19, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1903629.
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Herbal medicines make a vital contribution to healthcare globally, but from production through to practice, there are ethical challenges that require attention. Ethical challenges are often analysed through application of an ethical framework because this can facilitate a consistent and structured approach. In healthcare, the most commonly used framework over recent decades has been that of the four principles: beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice. However, for various reasons that are explained, this approach to ethical analysis is not the most fitting for the global phenomenon of herbal medicine. In this paper, a relatively new moral framework that is based upon the globally accepted values of care, respect, honesty, and fairness is explored in relation to herbal medicine for the first time. Through application of this framework, the ethical challenges and actions needed to address them become clear, thus resulting in practical recommendations for enhancing ethical standards in herbal medicine.
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Badiev, I. V. "Moral and Ethical Factors of Conflict Behavior Strategies." Reflexio 14, no. 1 (November 15, 2021): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2658-4506-2021-14-1-95-108.
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Nowosad, Sławomir. "Christian Martyrdom Never Expires: Some Theological and Ethical Aspects of Obedience usque ad sanguinem." Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe 39, no. 4 (October 28, 2022): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21852/sem.2018.4.02.
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Both in the past and today an act of bearing witness to faith in God through martyrdom has been a unique sign and testimony of love for Christ who himself was obedient to the Father usque ad mortem. It is at the same time a clear judgment against those cultures, which acknowledge odium fidei. In his moral encyclical Veritatis Splendor John Paul II points to several arguments in order to emphasize that the way of martyrdom has lost none of its relevance and significance for Christians nowadays. The Pope’s claim is grounded on the fact that “faith possesses a moral content” and so it is false to separate faith (credenda) from moral life (agenda) of those who believe. Consequently, in particular circumstances Christians are called to be ready to lay their lives both for love of God and acceptance of his commandments. Through imitating their Lord usque ad sanguinem his disciples demonstrate and defend their human dignity received from the Creator, the holiness of God’s law as well as the holiness of the Church.
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Stupu, Andrei G., and Alina S. Rusu. "Integrative Analysis of Ethical Intelligence and Moral Intelligence: New Conceptual Models and Developments in Education." Educatia 21, no. 23 (December 21, 2022): 54–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/ed21.2022.23.06.
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This study proposes an integrative analysis of the moral intelligence and ethical intelligence concepts in order to understand the chronological and conceptual evolutions of a new type of intelligence, which will later on serve as a base for the operationalisation of the concept. The methodological approach consists in an integrative literature review, which is generally defined as a form of research that reviews, critically analyses and synthesises representative studies on a topic in an integrated way, allowing for the emergence of new frameworks and perspectives. This research examines the literature for a period of 185 years (up to 2021) aiming to develop chronological taxonomies in order to provide an overview of the meanings associated with the concepts of ethical and moral intelligence. The results of the integrative review consist in chronological taxonomies of the concepts, that are complemented by conceptual maps of the ethical / moral intelligence. The conceptual maps emphasise the functional relationships between the constituent elements of ethical / moral intelligence, as well as the applied values in the area of education.
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Poling, James. "An Ethical Framework for Pastoral Care." Journal of Pastoral Care 42, no. 4 (December 1988): 299–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002234098804200403.
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Defines the ethics of pastoral care as the project which relates suffering and power. Examines a biblical story (2 Samual 13) which demonstrates the relation of suffering and power. Claims that the most sinister aspects of social injustice is the devaluation of certain persons and their suffering and the denial of moral and religious obligations toward such persons. Urges pastoral care practitioners to be self-critical regarding the use of power in relation to suffering else they become the pawns of an unjust society and its mistreatment of persons.
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Koplin, Julian J., and Julian Savulescu. "Moral Limits of Brain Organoid Research." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 47, no. 4 (2019): 760–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1073110519897789.
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Brain organoid research raises ethical challenges not seen in other forms of stem cell research. Given that brain organoids partially recapitulate the development of the human brain, it is plausible that brain organoids could one day attain consciousness and perhaps even higher cognitive abilities. Brain organoid research therefore raises difficult questions about these organoids' moral status – questions that currently fall outside the scope of existing regulations and guidelines. This paper shows how these gaps can be addressed. We outline a moral framework for brain organoid research that can address the relevant ethical concerns without unduly impeding this important area of research.
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Patwardhan, Bhushan. "Ethical and scientific aspects of research publications." Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine 4, no. 3 (2013): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0975-9476.118672.
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Wardani, Wardani, Majed Fawzi Abu Ghazalah, and Mazlan Ibrahim. "MORAL IDEAL-BASED QUR`AN INTERPRETATION ACCORDING TO SHĀṬIBĪ’S CONCEPT OF MAQĀṢID AL-SHARĪ’AH." Akademika : Jurnal Pemikiran Islam 26, no. 2 (December 13, 2021): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.32332/akademika.v26i2.3050.
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The interpretation of the Qur`an has been frequently subjected to exploring legal aspects of verses, regardless of their underlying ethical bases. The goals of Islamic doctrines called as maqāṣid al-sharī'ah provide ethical judgements that can be functioned for this sake. Unfortunately, they have been applied just for legal formulation. This article employs Fazlur Rahman’s theory of distinction between legal-specific and moral-ideal of Qur`anic doctrines. This perspective will be used to analyze moral dimensions of Shāṭibī’s maqāṣid. In this article, it will be argued that the moral principles extracted from these goals can be functioned as the paradigm for interpreting the Qur`an. There are two models of moral value-based interpretation that can be developed. The first is ethical-historical interpretation. This interpretation aims to understand the verses of the Qur'an in the light of a historical context as the starting point, not only based on background or reason behind the verse that respond the historical situation, but also based on the moral message extracted from these ends. The second is the ethic-contextual interpretation. It is an interpretation that is projected to respond current issues by applying three interacting sides; present situations, the literary context, and the ideal-moral paradigm drawn from these ends.
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Albilbisie, Mahmoud Hassan, and Derar Bani Yaseen. "The Truth of Moral Act from the Perspective of Taha Abdelrahman." Jordan Journal of Social Sciences 15, no. 2 (September 29, 2022): 182–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/jjss.v15i2.489.
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This research studies Taha Abdel Rahman's perspective on ethics to face the moral challenge witnessed by our contemporary world and open the horizon to build a global ethical project, which represents the practical part of his moral philosophy. By diving into modernist ethics and by referring to Kantian philosophy within the scope of the abstract mind, Taha therefore sought to present an alternative, reverse philosophical theory, based on religious ethics and the return of Allah in the Islamic religious sense to the world and existence, and at the same time bet on the possession of the Islamic world and its societies with the right to differ in the corner of the world and to present an alternative to salvation from the problems of civilization and the world in contemporary history. The study concluded that Taha Abdel Rahman's critical project presents an ethical theory from an Islamic perspective, and the creation of an Islamic moral philosophy, based on the values of faith and worship as common Islamic human values.
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Perry, Joshua E., Ilene N. Moore, Bruce Barry, Ellen Wright Clayton, and Amanda R. Carrico. "The Ethical Health Lawyer: An Empirical Assessment of Moral Decision Making." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 37, no. 3 (2009): 461–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-720x.2009.00407.x.
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The empirical literature exploring lawyers and their moral decision making is limited despite the “crisis” of unethical and unprofessional behavior in the bar that has been well documented for over a decade. In particular we are unaware of any empirical studies that investigate the moral landscape of the health lawyer’s practice. In an effort to address this gap in the literature, an interdisciplinary team of researchers at Vanderbilt University designed an empirical study to gather preliminary evidence regarding the moral reasoning of health care attorneys. The primary research question was how health lawyers respond when they encounter ethical or moral dilemmas in their practice for which the law fails to offer a bright-line solution. In exploring this question, we sought to understand better what motivations or influences guide action when health lawyers confront ethical quandaries, and whether there are specific differences, e.g., gender, experience, or religiosity, that are associated with specific responses to situations testing ethical or moral boundaries.
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Agathangelou, Charalambos. "Book Review: Moral matters: ethical issues in medicine and the life sciences." Nursing Ethics 5, no. 3 (May 1998): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096973309800500312.
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Semenoh, Olena, and Olena Kravchenko. "PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN LINGUA-CULTURAL DIMENSIONS: AMERICAN EXPERIENCE." Aesthetics and Ethics of Pedagogical Action, no. 16 (September 9, 2017): 70–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.33989/2226-4051.2017.16.175981.
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The article outlines the concepts "nurse", "professional ethics of nurses." The professional ethics of nurses has been defined as a component of medical ethics which studies moral consciousness, moral and ethical aspects of professional activity, moral principles and values that regulate the moral relationship between s nurse and s patient, the patient's family, other members of the medical community and community. The analysis of foreign and Ukrainian experience of formation of nurses’ professional ethics gives grounds to characterize the quality as a set of interrelated cognitive, praxeological, communicative components; their presence allows to interact productively with the professional and social environment on the basis of professionally important ethical knowledge, skills, professional important qualities that are aimed at the effective organization of the medical-preventive process and the solution of professional tasks. The content of the professional ethics of a future nurse consists of ethical categories and professionally important ethical qualities such as: professional duty, responsibility, dignity, conscience, honor, respect, mercy, empathy, tolerance.The peculiarities of educational programs of future licensed younger nurses training (LPN) in the United States aimed at the formation of professional ethics have been outlined. A review of the linguistic- cultural aspect of the formation of nurses’ professional ethics at American higher education institutions has been conducted. The experience of classes on "Nursing Ethics", "Foreign Language" at Cherkasy Medical Academy has been presented; they are aimed at understanding the world of the profession, the culture of communication in medical community, ethical behavior, moral relations, prevention of conflict situations, and provision of psychological support.
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Sagikyzy, Ayazhan, Dinara Zhanabayeva, and Маira Shurshitbay. "Formation of the Ideal of Moral and Ethical Education in the Kazakh Worldview." Al-Farabi 74, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 73–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.48010/2021.2/1999-5911.06.
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The article provides a philosophical analysis of the formation of the problem of moral education in the worldview of the Kazakh people. The ideal of moral education of the individual is the most important problem in the context of the reform of society, the modernization of public consciousness. The ideal is the core of the moral world of man, the criterion for re-evaluating the stereotypes of consciousness. The formation of the ideal of moral education has worried Kazakh thinkers and philosophers since ancient times. The theoretical issues of the formation of ideals were reflected in the works of Abu Nasr al-Farabi, Yusuf Balasaguni, Mahmud Kashgari, where they managed to reveal the essence of the ideal, morality and spirituality. Various aspects of this problem were considered by Ybyray Altynsarin, Shokan Ualikhanov and Abai Kunanbayev, who attached great importance to education in terms of moral development of the individual, and in particular, his ideals. The specific features of the idels of moral education found their development in the philosophy of Shakarim, M. Zh. Kopeev, Magzhan Zhumabaev, which consisted in studying themselves, their inner world. Traditional Kazakh culture, concentrating the centuries-old collective moral experience based on the purity of conscience, honor and duty, integrity of the spirit, enriches the modern Kazakh culture, the life experience of modern people in terms of moral criteria and norms of behavior.
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Anomaly, Jonathan. "The Future of Phage: Ethical Challenges of Using Phage Therapy to Treat Bacterial Infections." Public Health Ethics 13, no. 1 (February 20, 2020): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/phe/phaa003.
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Abstract For over a century, scientists have run experiments using phage viruses to treat bacterial infections. Until recently, the results were inconclusive because the mechanisms viruses use to attack bacteria were poorly understood. With the development of molecular biology, scientists now have a better sense of how phage work, and how they can be used to target infections. As resistance to traditional antibiotics continues to spread around the world, there is a moral imperative to facilitate research into phage therapy as an alternative treatment. This essay reviews ethical questions raised by phage therapy, and discusses regulatory challenges associated with phage research, and phage treatments.
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Palmer, C. Eddie, and Dorinda N. Noble. "Premature Death: Dilemmas of Infant Mortality." Social Casework 67, no. 6 (June 1986): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104438948606700602.
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Infant death has extreme emotional and symbolic effects on parents and health care professionals who face the moral and ethical aspects of life and death decisions, complicated by government ideology. Social workers can help with understanding the resulting dilemmas and suggest possible interventions.
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Jalili, Fereshteh, Zahra Saeidnejad, and Mohammad Aghajani. "Effects of spirituality training on the moral sensitivity of nursing students: A clinical randomized controlled trial." Clinical Ethics 15, no. 1 (January 16, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477750919898346.
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Training nurses on spiritual principles and values helps to stimulate moral imagery and a deep understanding of moral problems in them. However, spirituality issue was not included in ethical educational content. There was still no interventional study on the effect of spirituality education on ethical sensitivity. This study was conducted to determine the effect of spirituality training on moral sensitivity of nursing students. A randomized controlled trial design was used. Data were collected by a moral sensitivity questionnaire and analyzed using Chi-square, Fisher, independent and paired t-test in SPSS 13v. This research was performed on 60 nursing students of Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, in 2018. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups. The intervention group was under the spirituality group training in seven 60 min sessions. The control group was traditionally trained. Baseline characteristics were similar in the two groups. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant in the moral sensitivity score ( p < 0.0001). A significant difference was observed between the mean of moral sensitivity score of the intervention group, before and after the training ( p < 0.001), while no significant change was observed in the control group, before and after the study ( p = 0.93). The spirituality education increased the moral sensitivity of nursing students. That provides a new perspective on the role and effect of spirituality education on the ethical sensitivity of nursing students.
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Aleksіeіenko-Lemovska, Lyudmila, and Andrii Kaptiurov. "ETHICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF EDUCATIONAL EXPERTS BUSINESS RELATIONS ON CONDUCTING INSTITUTIONAL AUDIT." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 46, no. 3 (November 12, 2021): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/4601.
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The article considers the basic principles of professional ethics of educational experts in conducting institutional audits of educational institutions, including the rule of law, public interest as the main criteria of professional activity of an expert, professional competence, exclusion of self-profit actions, objectivity and independence, confidentiality of information, etc. The rules of interaction with representatives of educational institutions engaged in educational activities are presented. Emphasis is placed on the psychological aspects of business relations and relationships with colleagues. It is noted, that the work of an educational expert does not only require comprehensive knowledge of legislation in the field of education, but also includes certain moral obligations based on generally accepted norms, which guide the expert in conducting institutional audits in educational institutions. The Code of Professional Ethics of an institutional audit expert in educational institutions is a set of moral and ethical obligations and requirements based on generally accepted norms, which experts have to follow during the institutional audit procedure in educational institutions. The following theoretical research methods were used to solve certain problems: systematic analysis, comparison, systematization, classification and generalization of scientific and methodological literature on the problem; method of systematic analysis of philosophical, psychological-pedagogical, sociological literature for theoretical generalization of leading scientific approaches; interpretation of key provisions of the study.
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Dahlöf, Carl. "Ethical considerations in biomedical research: A personal view." Cephalalgia 33, no. 8 (May 13, 2013): 507–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102412468674.
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Premise Ethical considerations are made when an experiment is planned and take a regulatory system of moral principles into account. Discussion Ethical considerations should first and foremost be made in order to protect the individual subject/animal from being exposed to any unethical and perhaps even illegal intervention and to ensure that the experimental conditions used are appropriate. Summary The main role of research ethics committees is to assess the scientific and ethical aspects of submitted protocols and follow up the trial until its closure.
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Mahon, J. "Moral matters: ethical issues in medicine and the life sciences." Journal of Medical Ethics 22, no. 1 (February 1, 1996): 61–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jme.22.1.61-a.
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Richter, Gerd, and Matthew D. Bacchetta. "Interventions in the Human Genome: Some Moral and Ethical Considerations." Journal of Medicine and Philosophy 23, no. 3 (July 1, 1998): 303–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1076/jmep.23.3.303.2581.
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