Relevant bibliographies by topics / Alternative Genetic System

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Alternative Genetic System'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Alternative Genetic System"

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Burke, Donald S., Kenneth A. De Jong, John J. Grefenstette, Connie Loggia Ramsey, and Annie S. Wu. "Putting More Genetics into Genetic Algorithms." Evolutionary Computation 6, no. 4 (December 1998): 387–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/evco.1998.6.4.387.

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The majority of current genetic algorithms (GAs), while inspired by natural evolutionary systems, are seldom viewed as biologically plausible models. This is not a criticism of GAs, but rather a reflection of choices made regarding the level of abstraction at which biological mechanisms are modeled, and a reflection of the more engineering-oriented goals of the evolutionary computation community. Understanding better and reducing this gap between GAs and genetics has been a central issue in an interdisciplinary project whose goal is to build GA-based computational models of viral evolution. The result is a system called Virtual Virus (VIV). VIV incorporates a number of more biologically plausible mechanisms, including a more flexible genotype-to-phenotype mapping. In VIV the genes are independent of position, and genomes can vary in length and may contain noncoding regions, as well as duplicative or competing genes. Initial computational studies with VIV have already revealed several emergent phenomena of both biological and computational interest. In the absence of any penalty based on genome length, VIV develops individuals with long genomes and also performs more poorly (from a problem-solving viewpoint) than when a length penalty is used. With a fixed linear length penalty, genome length tends to increase dramatically in the early phases of evolution and then decrease to a level based on the mutation rate. The plateau genome length (i.e., the average length of individuals in the final population) generally increases in response to an increase in the base mutation rate. When VIV converges, there tend to be many copies of good alternative genes within the individuals. We observed many instances of switching between active and inactive genes during the entire evolutionary process. These observations support the conclusion that noncoding regions serve as scratch space in which VIV can explore alternative gene values. These results represent a positive step in understanding how GAs might exploit more of the power and flexibility of biological evolution while simultaneously providing better tools for understanding evolving biological systems.
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Meester, Luc De, Lawrence J. Weider, and Ralph Tollrian. "Alternative antipredator defences and genetic polymorphism in a pelagic predator–prey system." Nature 378, no. 6556 (November 1995): 483–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/378483a0.

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Chen, Jesse J., Xin Cai, and Jack W. Szostak. "N2′→P3′ Phosphoramidate Glycerol Nucleic Acid as a Potential Alternative Genetic System." Journal of the American Chemical Society 131, no. 6 (February 18, 2009): 2119–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja809069b.

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Tkatek, Said, Saadia Bahti, Otman Abdoun, and Jaafar Abouchabaka. "Intelligent system for recruitment decision making using an alternative parallel-sequential genetic algorithm." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 22, no. 1 (April 1, 2021): 385. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v22.i1.pp385-395.

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<p>The human resources (HR) manager needs effective tools to be able to move away from traditional recruitment processes to make the good decision to select the good candidates for the good posts. To do this, we deliver an intelligent recruitment decision-making method for HR, incorporating a recruitment model based on the multipack model known as the NP-hard model. The system, which is a decision support tool, often integrates a genetic approach that operates alternately in parallel and sequentially. This approach will provide the best recruiting solution to allow HR managers to make the right decision to ensure the best possible compatibility with the desired objectives. Operationally, this system can also predict the altered choice of parallel genetic algorithm (PGA) or sequential genetic algorithm (SeqGA) depending on the size of the instance and constraints of the recruiting posts to produce the quality solution in a reduced CPU time for recruiting decision-making. The results obtained in various tests confirm the performance of this intelligent system which can be used as a decision support tool for intelligently optimized recruitment.</p>
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Likhoshvai, Vitaly A., Vladislav V. Kogai, Stanislav I. Fadeev, and Tamara M. Khlebodarova. "Alternative splicing can lead to chaos." Journal of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology 13, no. 01 (February 2015): 1540003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021972001540003x.

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Alternative splicing is a widespread phenomenon in higher eukaryotes, where it serves as a mechanism to increase the functional diversity of proteins. This phenomenon has been described for different classes of proteins, including transcription regulatory proteins. We demonstrated that in the simplest genetic system model the formation of the alternatively spliced isoforms with opposite functions (activators and repressors) could be a cause of transition to chaotic dynamics. Under the simplest genetic system we understand a system consisting of a single gene encoding the structure of a transcription regulatory protein whose expression is regulated by a feedback mechanism. As demonstrated by numerical analysis of the models, if the synthesized isoforms regulate the expression of their own gene acting through different sites and independently of each other, for the generation of chaotic dynamics it is sufficient that the regulatory proteins have a dimeric structure. If regulatory proteins act through one site, the chaotic dynamics is generated in the system only when the repressor protein is either a tetrameric or a higher-dimensional multimer. In this case the activator can be a dimer. It was also demonstrated that if the transcription factor isoforms exhibit either activating or inhibiting activity and are lower-dimensional multimers (< 4), independently of the regulation type the model demonstrates either cyclic or stationary trajectories.
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Doronina, J. V. "Improving the Design Efficiency of Complex Systems Based on Reducing the Power of Many Generated Alternatives." Quality and life 27, no. 3 (September 23, 2020): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.34214/2312-5209-2020-27-3-27-32.

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The article proposes an approach to the structural synthesis of elements of a system-technical complex, which consists in using a modified genetic algorithm and a method for narrowing the cardinality of the sets of alternatives. The modification of the genetic algorithm is implemented as part of a directed mutation operation for three types of the initial elemental composition of the alternative and is used for objects with a given (limited) duration of their life cycle. Application of the proposed approach made it possible to both reduce efforts in obtaining alternatives at the stage of designing elements of a system-technical complex, and to reduce labor intensity in the formation of the appearance of the system.
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Boland, M. A., P. V. Preckel, and A. P. Schinckel. "Optimal Hog Slaughter Weights Under Alternative Pricing Systems." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 25, no. 2 (December 1993): 148–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800019039.

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AbstractThree hog genotypes are simulated to determine how producer profits, economically optimal slaughter weights, and carcass component weights change under three pricing models. Live weight pricing pays more for the fatter barrows whereas a three component (separate payments for fat, lean, and byproducts) and six component (separate payments for major primal cuts, other lean, fat, and byproducts) pricing system pay more for the leaner gilts. Implications for selection of genetic stock and pricing system are presented.
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Kim, Sangyong, and Jae Heon Shim. "Combining case-based reasoning with genetic algorithm optimization for preliminary cost estimation in construction industry." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 41, no. 1 (January 2014): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2013-0223.

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In this paper, we propose a hybrid case-based reasoning (CBR) system for predicting the construction cost of high-rise buildings at the preliminary design stage. First, the extracted cost factors (CFs) of a high-rise building were shown to significantly improve the cost estimation system’s performance. For developing a CBR system, a hybrid approach that combines CBR with genetic algorithms (GAs) for cost estimation was adopted. Genetic algorithms were used for optimized weight generation and applied to real project cases. Additionally, this paper proposes the identification of an alternative similarity score measurement formula. The proposed formula evaluates the contrast between the alternative case matching approach and the classical formula in a scenario involving the use of cost factors describing a case. The results indicate that the proposed GA-based CBR system can consistently reduce errors and potentially be useful to owners and contractors in the early financial planning stage. Accordingly, it is expected that the developed CBR system would provide decision-makers with accurate cost information to assess and compare multiple alternatives for obtaining the optimal solution and controlling the cost.
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Diwo, Christian, and Nediljko Budisa. "Alternative Biochemistries for Alien Life: Basic Concepts and Requirements for the Design of a Robust Biocontainment System in Genetic Isolation." Genes 10, no. 1 (December 28, 2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10010017.

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The universal genetic code, which is the foundation of cellular organization for almost all organisms, has fostered the exchange of genetic information from very different paths of evolution. The result of this communication network of potentially beneficial traits can be observed as modern biodiversity. Today, the genetic modification techniques of synthetic biology allow for the design of specialized organisms and their employment as tools, creating an artificial biodiversity based on the same universal genetic code. As there is no natural barrier towards the proliferation of genetic information which confers an advantage for a certain species, the naturally evolved genetic pool could be irreversibly altered if modified genetic information is exchanged. We argue that an alien genetic code which is incompatible with nature is likely to assure the inhibition of all mechanisms of genetic information transfer in an open environment. The two conceivable routes to synthetic life are either de novo cellular design or the successive alienation of a complex biological organism through laboratory evolution. Here, we present the strategies that have been utilized to fundamentally alter the genetic code in its decoding rules or its molecular representation and anticipate future avenues in the pursuit of robust biocontainment.
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Dormatey, Richard, Chao Sun, Kazim Ali, Sajid Fiaz, Derong Xu, Alejandro Calderón-Urrea, Zhenzhen Bi, Junlian Zhang, and Jiangping Bai. "ptxD/Phi as alternative selectable marker system for genetic transformation for bio-safety concerns: a review." PeerJ 9 (July 27, 2021): e11809. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.11809.

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Antibiotic and herbicide resistance genes are the most common marker genes for plant transformation to improve crop yield and food quality. However, there is public concern about the use of resistance marker genes in food crops due to the risk of potential gene flow from transgenic plants to compatible weedy relatives, leading to the possible development of “superweeds” and antibiotic resistance. Several selectable marker genes such as aph, nptII, aaC3, aadA, pat, bar, epsp and gat, which have been synthesized to generate transgenic plants by genetic transformation, have shown some limitations. These marker genes, which confer antibiotic or herbicide resistance and are introduced into crops along with economically valuable genes, have three main problems: selective agents have negative effects on plant cell proliferation and differentiation, uncertainty about the environmental effects of many selectable marker genes, and difficulty in performing recurrent transformations with the same selectable marker to pyramid desired genes. Recently, a simple, novel, and affordable method was presented for plant cells to convert non-metabolizable phosphite (Phi) to an important phosphate (Pi) for developing cells by gene expression encoding a phosphite oxidoreductase (PTXD) enzyme. The ptxD gene, in combination with a selection medium containing Phi as the sole phosphorus (P) source, can serve as an effective and efficient system for selecting transformed cells. The selection system adds nutrients to transgenic plants without potential risks to the environment. The ptxD/Phi system has been shown to be a promising transgenic selection system with several advantages in cost and safety compared to other antibiotic-based selection systems. In this review, we have summarized the development of selection markers for genetic transformation and the potential use of the ptxD/Phi scheme as an alternative selection marker system to minimize the future use of antibiotic and herbicide marker genes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alternative Genetic System"

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Gaines, David Alexander. "INVESTIGATIONS INTO THE COGNITIVE ABILITIES OF ALTERNATE LEARNING CLASSIFIER SYSTEM ARCHITECTURES." UKnowledge, 2006. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/250.

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The Learning Classifier System (LCS) and its descendant, XCS, are promising paradigms for machine learning design and implementation. Whereas LCS allows classifier payoff predictions to guide system performance, XCS focuses on payoff-prediction accuracy instead, allowing it to evolve "optimal" classifier sets in particular applications requiring rational thought. This research examines LCS and XCS performance in artificial situations with broad social/commercial parallels, created using the non-Markov Iterated Prisoner's Dilemma (IPD) game-playing scenario, where the setting is sometimes asymmetric and where irrationality sometimes pays. This research systematically perturbs a "conventional" IPD-playing LCS-based agent until it results in a full-fledged XCS-based agent, contrasting the simulated behavior of each LCS variant in terms of a number of performance measures. The intent is to examine the XCS paradigm to understand how it better copes with a given situation (if it does) than the LCS perturbations studied.Experiment results indicate that the majority of the architectural differences do have a significant effect on the agents' performance with respect to the performance measures used in this research. The results of these competitions indicate that while each architectural difference significantly affected its agent's performance, no single architectural difference could be credited as causing XCS's demonstrated superiority in evolving optimal populations. Instead, the data suggests that XCS's ability to evolve optimal populations in the multiplexer and IPD problem domains result from the combined and synergistic effects of multiple architectural differences.In addition, it is demonstrated that XCS is able to reliably evolve the Optimal Population [O] against the TFT opponent. This result supports Kovacs' Optimality Hypothesis in the IPD environment and is significant because it is the first demonstrated occurrence of this ability in an environment other than the multiplexer and Woods problem domains.It is therefore apparent that while XCS performs better than its LCS-based counterparts, its demonstrated superiority may not be attributed to a single architectural characteristic. Instead, XCS's ability to evolve optimal classifier populations in the multiplexer problem domain and in the IPD problem domain studied in this research results from the combined and synergistic effects of multiple architectural differences.
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Abeleda, Maria Asuncion Abrera. "The role of the alternative pathway of the complement system in the development of dense deposit disease." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/635.

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Dense Deposit Disease (DDD) causes chronic renal dysfunction which progresses to end-stage renal disease in about half of patients within 10 years of diagnosis. Deficiency of and mutations in complement Factor H (CFH) are associated with the development of DDD, suggesting that dysregulation of the alternative pathway (AP) of the complement cascade is important in disease pathophysiology. Patients with DDD are studied to determine whether specific allele variants of the genes of the alternative pathway of the complement system segregate preferentially with the DDD. We have screened coding and intronic regions of genes of the complement system in DDD cases and controls using PCR, restriction digest and bidirectional sequencing. We have been able to identify novel mutations, allele variants and haplotypes in several genes of the complement system which are associated with the DDD phenotype based on statistical analyses. Since we have identified several genes associated with DDD, we have determined possible gene-gene interactions using computational analyses. We have found a strong synergistic interaction between polymorphisms in CFH and C3. To ascertain if the associated allele variants had a functional impact in the complement activity of an individual, we have obtained blood samples from normal individuals and measured AP complement activity and genotyped CFH and C3 for these samples. Association between AP activity and genotypes is analyzed using statistical methods. Significant association of CFH and C3 variants with AP complement activity has been observed. We also have generated a mice deficient of CFH and Factor D (CFD). CFH deficient mice develop renal pathology similar to DDD in humans. Renal function and complement activity have been determined in the double knockout in comparison to CFH deficient and CFD deficient mice. Results have shown that absence of Factor D can inhibit complement activation in CFH mice. Our data imply that DDD is a complex genetic disease and that genes of the AP complement system contribute to level of complement activity and the pathogenesis of DDD. With this study, we hope to develop an effective diagnosis and treatment plan for DDD patients.
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Almeida, Urique Hoffmann de Souza. "Learning to recommend similar alternative products in e-Commerce catalogs." Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 2016. http://tede.ufam.edu.br/handle/tede/5402.

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In this work, we describe a novel method we designed, implemented and tested to finding products that are similar alternatives to a given product in the catalog of an e-commerce site. By similar alternatives, we mean products that, although are not identical to a product of interest, have features that make them suitable alternatives for customers that look for it. Our motivation is to enable the recommendation of alternativeproductsbasedsolelyontheproduct’sfeatures,withoutrelyingonhistorical purchase data. By doing so, we address the so-called cold start problem, which is often found in product recommendation approaches, and that may lead to profit loss in ecommerce sites. Our method, we call GPClerk, uses Genetic Programming (GP) to learn functions for comparing two products and telling whether two products are similar alternatives or not. These functions are termed here as product comparison functions. To make our method feasible in typical e-commerce settings, we also propose an unsupervised strategy to generate training examples to be used in the learning process. Results of experiments we carried out and report here indicate that our method is capable of generating suitable product comparison functions and that our strategy for automatically generating training data is effective for this task.
Nesse trabalho, descrevemos um novo método que projetamos, implementamos e testamos para a tarefa de encontrar produtos que são alternativas similares a um dado produto em um catálogo de um site de comércio eletrônico. Nesse trabalho, consideramos como alternativas similares produtos que, apesar de não serem idênticos a um produto de interesse, têm características que os tornam boas alternativas a esse produto. Nossa motivação para esse trabalho é poder recomendar produtos similares com base apenas nas suas características, sem a necessidade da utilização do histórico de compras dos usuários. Assim, nesse trabalho lidamos com o chamado problema de cold start, que é comumente encontrado em abordagens de recomendação, e que pode levar a perda de lucro em sites de comércio eletrônico. Nosso método, chamado GPClerk, utiliza Programação Genética (GP) para aprender funções que comparam dois produtos, e dizem se estes são similares ou não. Essas funções são chamadas nesse trabalho de product comparison functions. Para tornar nosso método viável em um cenário típico de comércio eletrônico, propomos também uma estratégia não supervisionada para gerar exemplos de treino a serem utilizados no processo de aprendizagem. Resultados de experimentos que executamos e descrevemos nessa dissertação indicam que nosso método é capaz de gerar funções adequadas, e que nossa estratégia para geração automática de dados de treino é efetiva para essa tarefa.
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Papadopoulou, Frantzeska. "Opening Pandora's Box : Exploring Flexibilities and Alternatives for Protecting Traditional Knowledge and Genetic Resources under the Intellectual Property Framework." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-100568.

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What happens when resources get valuable and scarce? How is Intellectual Property dealing with market failures related to sub-patentable innovation or purely traditional knowledge with interesting applications? The protection of traditional knowledge and genetic resources (TKGR) has been one of the major modern challenges in international IP law. The entry into force of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and its implementation in national legislation has created more questions than the ones it answered. The objective of this dissertation is to assist in the evaluation of current national and regional implementation initiatives as well in the presentation and evaluation of different forms of entitlements that could be applicable in the case of TKGR. The dissertation has employed a theoretical framework for this evaluation, by combining the Coase Theorem and Rawls' theory of justice. The choice of these two theoretical models is not a random one. In order for the entitlement covering TKGR to be successful, it has to be efficient. It has to offer a stable and efficient marketplace where access to TKGR is possible without unnecessary frictions. However, efficiency could not be the only objective.  An entitlement focusing solely on efficiency would fall short of the needs and special considerations of TKGR trade. It would above all be counter to the objectives and major principles of the CBD, the “fair and equitable sharing of the benefits” and would certainly fail to address the very important North-South perspective.  Fairness is thus a necessary complement to the efficiency of the proposed entitlement. This dissertation proposes a thorough investigation of the special characteristics, of right-holders, subject-matter, market place as well as of the general expectations that an entitlement is supposed to fulfill. In parallel to that, it  looks into the meaning and scope of alternative entitlements in order to be able to propose the best alternative.
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Valenzuela-Del, Rio Jose Eugenio. "Bayesian adaptive sampling for discrete design alternatives in conceptual design." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/50263.

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The number of technology alternatives has lately grown to satisfy the increasingly demanding goals in modern engineering. These technology alternatives are handled in the design process as either concepts or categorical design inputs. Additionally, designers desire to bring into early design more and more accurate, but also computationally burdensome, simulation tools to obtain better performing initial designs that are more valuable in subsequent design stages. It constrains the computational budget to optimize the design space. These two factors unveil the need of a conceptual design methodology to use more efficiently sophisticated tools for engineering problems with several concept solutions and categorical design choices. Enhanced initial designs and discrete alternative selection are pursued. Advances in computational speed and the development of Bayesian adaptive sampling techniques have enabled the industry to move from the use of look-up tables and simplified models to complex physics-based tools in conceptual design. These techniques focus computational resources on promising design areas. Nevertheless, the vast majority of the work has been done on problems with continuous spaces, whereas concepts and categories are treated independently. However, observations show that engineering objectives experience similar topographical trends across many engineering alternatives. In order to address these challenges, two meta-models are developed. The first one borrows the Hamming distance and function space norms from machine learning and functional analysis, respectively. These distances allow defining categorical metrics that are used to build an unique probabilistic surrogate whose domain includes, not only continuous and integer variables, but also categorical ones. The second meta-model is based on a multi-fidelity approach that enhances a concept prediction with previous concept observations. These methodologies leverage similar trends seen from observations and make a better use of sample points increasing the quality of the output in the discrete alternative selection and initial designs for a given analysis budget. An extension of stochastic mixed-integer optimization techniques to include the categorical dimension is developed by adding appropriate generation, mutation, and crossover operators. The resulted stochastic algorithm is employed to adaptively sample mixed-integer-categorical design spaces. The proposed surrogates are compared against traditional independent methods for a set of canonical problems and a physics-based rotor-craft model on a screened design space. Next, adaptive sampling algorithms on the developed surrogates are applied to the same problems. These tests provide evidence of the merit of the proposed methodologies. Finally, a multi-objective rotor-craft design application is performed in a large domain space. This thesis provides several novel academic contributions. The first contribution is the development of new efficient surrogates for systems with categorical design choices. Secondly, an adaptive sampling algorithm is proposed for systems with mixed-integer-categorical design spaces. Finally, previously sampled concepts can be brought to construct efficient surrogates of novel concepts. With engineering judgment, design community could apply these contributions to discrete alternative selection and initial design assessment when similar topographical trends are observed across different categories and/or concepts. Also, it could be crucial to overcome the current cost of carrying a set of concepts and wider design spaces in the categorical dimension forward into preliminary design.
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Kaufmann, Falko [Verfasser], Matthias [Akademischer Betreuer] Gauly, Christoph [Akademischer Betreuer] Knorr, and Wolfgang [Akademischer Betreuer] Holtz. "Helminth infections in laying hens kept in alternative production systems in Germany - Prevalence, worm burden and genetic resistance / Falko Kaufmann. Gutachter: Matthias Gauly ; Christoph Knorr ; Wolfgang Holtz. Betreuer: Matthias Gauly." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1043718087/34.

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"Developing Alternative Genetic System for Structural DNA nanotechnology and Darwinian Evolution." Doctoral diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.14291.

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abstract: A major goal of synthetic biology is to recapitulate emergent properties of life. Despite a significant body of work, a longstanding question that remains to be answered is how such a complex system arose? In this dissertation, synthetic nucleic acid molecules with alternative sugar-phosphate backbones were investigated as potential ancestors of DNA and RNA. Threose nucleic acid (TNA) is capable of forming stable helical structures with complementary strands of itself and RNA. This provides a plausible mechanism for genetic information transfer between TNA and RNA. Therefore TNA has been proposed as a potential RNA progenitor. Using molecular evolution, functional sequences were isolated from a pool of random TNA molecules. This implicates a possible chemical framework capable of crosstalk between TNA and RNA. Further, this shows that heredity and evolution are not limited to the natural genetic system based on ribofuranosyl nucleic acids. Another alternative genetic system, glycerol nucleic acid (GNA) undergoes intrasystem pairing with superior thermalstability compared to that of DNA. Inspired by this property, I demonstrated a minimal nanostructure composed of both left- and right-handed mirro image GNA. This work suggested that GNA could be useful as promising orthogonal material in structural DNA nanotechnology.
Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Chemistry 2011
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Kaufmann, Falko. "Helminth infections in laying hens kept in alternative production systems in Germany - Prevalence, worm burden and genetic resistance." Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-AB2B-D.

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Rhodes, Steven David. "Dissecting the cellular and molecular mechanisms mediating neurofibromatosis type 1 related bone defects." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3793.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
Skeletal manifestations including short stature, osteoporosis, kyphoscoliosis, and tibial dysplasia cumulatively affect approximately 70% of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Tibial pseudarthrosis, the chronic non-union of a spontaneous fracture, is a debilitating skeletal malady affecting young children with NF1. These non-healing fractures respond poorly to treatment and often require amputation of the affected limb due to limited understanding of the causative mechanisms. To better understand the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of these osseous defects, we have established a new mouse model which recapitulates a spectrum of skeletal pathologies frequently observed in patients with NF1. Nf1flox/-;Col2.3Cre mice, harboring Nf1 nullizygous osteoblasts on a Nf1+/- background, exhibit multiple osseous defects which are closely reminiscent of those found in NF1 patients, including runting (short stature), bone mass deficits, spinal deformities, and tibial fracture non-union. Through adoptive bone marrow transfer studies, we have demonstrated that the Nf1 haploinsufficient hematopoietic system pivotally mediates the pathogenesis of bone loss and fracture non-union in Nf1flox/-;Col2.3Cre mice. By genetic ablation of a single Nf1 allele in early myeloid development, under the control of LysMCre, we have further delineated that Nf1 haploinsufficient myeloid progenitors and osteoclasts are the culprit lineages mediating accelerated bone loss. Interestingly, conditional Nf1 haploinsufficiency in mature osteoclasts, induced by CtskCre, was insufficient to trigger enhanced lytic activity. These data provide direct genetic evidence for Nf1’s temporal significance as a gatekeeper of the osteoclast progenitor pool in primitive myelopoiesis. On the molecular level, we found that transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1), a primary mediator in the spatiotemporal coupling of bone remodeling, is pathologically overexpressed by five- to six- fold in both NF1 patients and in mice. Nf1 deficient osteoblasts, the principal source of TGF-β1 in the bone matrix, overexpress TGF-β1 in a gene dosage dependent fashion. Moreover, p21Ras dependent hyperactivation of the Smad pathway accentuates responses to pathological TGF-β1 signals in Nf1 deficient bone cells. As a proof of concept, we demonstrate that pharmacologic TβRI kinase inhibition can rescue bone mass defects and prevent tibial fracture non-union in Nf1flox/-;Col2.3Cre mice, suggesting that targeting TGF-β1 signaling in myeloid lineages may provide therapeutic benefit for treating NF1 skeletal defects.
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Books on the topic "Alternative Genetic System"

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Schmeink, Lars. Individuality, Choice, and Genetic Manipulation. Liverpool University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9781781383766.003.0005.

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Chapter 5 deals with the personal consequences of a posthuman subjectivity and the task of identity creation. In liquid modernity, risks and threats are becoming ever more global but remain systemic, while at the same time the solutions to these issues is relegated to the individual. The existence of a noticeable gap between society's insistence on individuality, autonomy, and self-assertion and the systemic risks to this claim, caused by a globalized flow of information, technology and politics, is thus the argument of the analysis of the video game BioShock. Science fiction as a genre here allows for the extrapolation and exaggeration of this gap by employing the posthuman as an extreme possibility of human identity creation. The dystopian imagination provides a bleak emphasis of the science-fictional dimension of consequence in terms of this development, by providing an alternative history in which rampant individualism meets an extreme form of consumer society. The human body has become the battleground of liquid modern desires to form and consume identities. Further, the medium uniquely provides the specific ideological commentary on the systemic nature of the illusion of autonomy, especially in liquid modern consumer society.
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Grosse Ruse-Khan, Henning. The Protection of Intellectual Property in International Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199663392.001.0001.

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This book examines intellectual property (IP) protection in the broader context of international law. Against the background of the debate about norm relations within and between different rule systems in international law, it constructs a holistic view of international IP law as an integral part of the international legal system. The first part considers norm relations within the international IP law system. It analyses the relationship of the two main unilateral IP conventions to the World Trade Organisation (WTO) Agreement on Trade Related Aspects of International Property Rights (TRIPS), as well as the relationship between TRIPS and subsequent Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). The second part discusses alternative rule systems for the protection of IP. The third part identifies important intersections and links between the traditional system of IP protection and other areas of international law related to environmental, social, and economic concerns. These include free trade in goods; biological diversity, genetic resources, and traditional knowledge; multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) on climate change; and access to medicines and food. This analysis provides significant insights into the nature and quality of international law as a legal system. The fourth part identifies appropriate norms within the international IP system that can respond to these complexities and linkages.
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Frankham, Richard, Jonathan D. Ballou, Katherine Ralls, Mark D. B. Eldridge, Michele R. Dudash, Charles B. Fenster, Robert C. Lacy, and Paul Sunnucks. Modified rescue and risk expectations for species with diverse mating systems and modes of inheritance. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198783398.003.0008.

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The risks of inbreeding and outbreeding depression, and the prospects for genetic rescue are often different in species with alternative mating systems and mode of inheritance (compared to outbreeding diploids), such as self-incompatible, self-fertilizing, mixed mating, non-diploid (haploid, haplodiploid and polyploid) and asexual.
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Del Giudice, Marco. Evolutionary Psychopathology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780190246846.001.0001.

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This book presents a unified approach to evolutionary psychopathology, and advances an integrative framework for the analysis and classification of mental disorders based on the concepts of life history theory. The framework does not aim to replace existing evolutionary models of specific disorders—which are reviewed and critically discussed in the book—but to connect them in a broader perspective and explain the large-scale patterns of risk and comorbidity that characterize psychopathology. The life history framework permits a seamless integration of mental disorders with normative individual differences in personality and cognition, and offers new conceptual tools for the analysis of developmental, genetic, and neurobiological data. The concepts synthesized in the book are used to derive a new taxonomy of mental disorders, the fast-slow-defense (FSD) model. The FSD model is the first classification system explicitly based on evolutionary concepts, a biologically grounded alternative to transdiagnostic models based on empirical correlations between symptoms. The book reviews a wide range of common mental disorders, discusses their classification in the FSD model, and identifies functional subtypes within existing diagnostic categories.
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Straayer, Chris. Femme Fatale or Lesbian Femme. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036613.003.0016.

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This chapter analyzes the neo-noir Bound (1996). It shows how the splitting of sex from gender liberates generic conventions in the service of protagonists who, enacting a lesbian romance in film noir, avail themselves of generic formulas to double-cross the villains. Analyzing the creative capacity of noir gender “to turn cartwheels on both male and female characters within a system of sexual difference,” the chapter shows how Bound—self-consciously playing on the debated identities of butch, femme, and feminine—generates different-sex erotics through same-gender protagonists. Through such playful manipulations, the film opens up flexible reimaginings of sex and gender across the spectrum of gay and straight as alternatives to rigidifying heterosexual and homosexual binaries.
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Minelli, Alessandro. Evolvability and Its Evolvability. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199377176.003.0007.

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No universally accepted notion of evolvability is available, focus being alternatively put onto either genetic or phenotypic change. The heuristic power of this concept is best found when considering the intricacies of the genotype→phenotype map, which is not necessarily predictable, expression of variation depending on the structure of gene networks and especially on the modularity and robustness of developmental systems. We can hardly ignore evolvability whenever studying the role of cryptic variation in evolution, the often pervious boundary between phenotypic plasticity and the expression of a genetic polymorphism, the major phenotypic leaps that the mechanisms of development can produce based on point mutations, or the morphological stasis that reveals how robust a developmental process can be in front of genetic change. Evolvability is subject itself to evolution, but it is still uncertain to what extent there is positive selection for enhanced evolvability, or for evolvability biased in a specific direction.
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Ran, Hirschl. 5 How Universal is Comparative Constitutional Law? Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198714514.003.0006.

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This chapter addresses issues central to comparative constitutional law’s epistemological and methodological domain. First, the possibility of comparisons of constitutional law and institutions across time and space, notably between “universalists,” who emphasize common elements of legal (and constitutional) systems across time and place, and “particularists” who emphasize the unique nature of any given legal (and constitutional) system. “Third way” alternatives such as constitutional pluralism are also examined. Second, the “global south” critique in comparative constitutional law, or how truly “comparative,” universal, or generalizable are the lessons of a body of knowledge that draws almost exclusively on a small—not necessarily representative—set of frequently studied jurisdictions and court rulings to advance what is portrayed as generic and universally applicable prescriptions. The global south critique poses major challenges to contemporary comparative constitutional inquiry but has its own analytical challenges. Examples include South Africa, India, and the European Court of Human Rights.
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Newman, Stuart A. Toward a Nonidealist Evolutionary Synthesis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199377176.003.0006.

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The received model of evolution sees all inherited features resulting from deterministic networks of interacting genes, implying that living systems are reducible to information in genetic programs. The model requires these programs and their associated phenotypes to have evolved by an isotropic search process occurring in gradual steps with no preferred morphological outcomes. The alternative is to recognize that clusters and aggregates of cells, the raw material of evolution, constitute middle-scale material systems. This implies the necessity of bringing the modern physics of mesoscale matter into the explanatory framework for the evolution of development. The relevant, often nonlinear, physical processes were mobilized at the inception of the phyla when their signature morphological outcomes first appeared and remain as efficient causes, albeit transformed, in present-day embryos. This physicogenetic perspective reengages with concepts of saltation, orthogenesis, and environment-induced plasticity long excluded from evolutionary theory.
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Purcell, Brad. Dingo. CSIRO Publishing, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643100855.

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Many present-day Australians see the dingo as a threat and a pest to human production systems. An alternative viewpoint, which is more in tune with Indigenous culture, allows others to see the dingo as a means to improve human civilisation. The dingo has thus become trapped between the status of pest animal and totemic creature. This book helps readers to recognise this dichotomy, as a deeper understanding of dingo behaviour is now possible through new technologies which have made it easier to monitor their daily lives. Recent research on genetic structure has indicated that dingo ‘purity’ may be a human construct and the genetic relatedness of wild dingo packs has been analysed for the first time. GPS telemetry and passive camera traps are new technologies that provide unique ways to monitor movements of dingoes, and analyses of their diet indicate that dietary shifts occur during the different biological seasons of dingoes, showing that they have a functional role in Australian landscapes. Dingo brings together more than 50 years of observations to provide a comprehensive portrayal of the life of a dingo. Throughout this book dingoes are compared with other hypercarnivores, such as wolves and African wild dogs, highlighting the similarities between dingoes and other large canid species around the world.
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Vincent, Barbara. Farming Meat Goats. CSIRO Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486306589.

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Goat meat is growing in popularity in Australia and is also an important export industry. It offers many opportunities for large- and small-scale farmers who need to diversify or seek alternative enterprises. Farming Meat Goats provides producers with comprehensive and practical information on all aspects of the goat meat industry. It covers selecting and preparing a property, choosing breeding stock, breeding, health care and nutrition, drought feeding, condition scoring and marketing. This second edition of Farming Meat Goats has been updated throughout and contains new information about the National Livestock Identification System, current regulations for ovine Johne's disease and animal welfare during transportation, and information about marketing. It will allow farmers to produce animals to specification for targeted markets in Australia and overseas including: butchers; supermarkets; restaurants; on-farm live sales; sales to abattoirs that specialise in Halal kills; and breeding stock either as replacements or for improved herd genetics.
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Book chapters on the topic "Alternative Genetic System"

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Miralles-Pechuán, Luis, Fernando Jiménez, and Josá Manuel García. "An Alternative Auction System to Generalized Second-Price for Real-Time Bidding Optimized Using Genetic Algorithms." In Proceedings of Sixth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, 83–107. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2380-6_8.

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Hoai, Nguyen Xuan, R. I. McKay, D. Essam, and H. A. Abbass. "Toward an Alternative Comparison between Different Genetic Programming Systems." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 67–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24650-3_7.

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Bishop, Paul E., Sheela I. MacDougal, Elizabeth D. Wolfinger, and Casendra L. Shermer. "Genetics of alternative nitrogen fixation systems in Azotobacter vinelandii." In Nitrogen Fixation, 789–95. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6432-0_67.

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Smith, M. E., and R. W. Zobel. "Plant Genetic Interactions in Alternative Cropping Systems: Considerations for Breeding Methods." In Plant Breeding and Sustainable Agriculture: Considerations for Objectives and Methods, 57–81. Madison, WI, USA: Crop Science Society of America and American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cssaspecpub18.c4.

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Tao, Hong. "Application of Alternative Routing Configuration Mechanism Based on Genetic Algorithm in Power Communication Network." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 220–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62743-0_31.

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Frank, Ulrich. "Modeling Products for Versatile E-commerce Platforms — Essential Requirements and Generic Design Alternatives." In Conceptual Modeling for New Information Systems Technologies, 444–56. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-46140-x_34.

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Mateescu, Radu. "A Generic On-the-Fly Solver for Alternation-Free Boolean Equation Systems." In Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems, 81–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36577-x_7.

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Aloqalaa, Daniyah A., Dariusz R. Kowalski, Paweł Błażej, Małgorzata Wnȩtrzak, Dorota Mackiewicz, and Paweł Mackiewicz. "The Properties of the Standard Genetic Code and Its Selected Alternatives in Terms of the Optimal Graph Partition." In Biomedical Engineering Systems and Technologies, 170–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46970-2_9.

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Vogl, Petra, Roland Braune, and Karl F. Doerner. "A Multi-encoded Genetic Algorithm Approach to Scheduling Recurring Radiotherapy Treatment Activities with Alternative Resources, Optional Activities, and Time Window Constraints." In Computer Aided Systems Theory – EUROCAST 2017, 373–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74718-7_45.

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Kaweegitbundit, Parinya, and Toru Eguchi. "Job Shop Scheduling with Alternative Machines Using a Genetic Algorithm Incorporating Heuristic Rules -Effectiveness of Due-Date Related Information-." In Advances in Production Management Systems: Innovative Production Management Towards Sustainable Growth, 439–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22756-6_54.

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Conference papers on the topic "Alternative Genetic System"

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OZCAN, Iclal, and Mete CELIK. "Developing Recommendation System Using Genetic Algorithm Based Alternative Least Squares." In 2018 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Data Processing (IDAP). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/idap.2018.8620859.

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Mahmudy, Wayan F., Romeo M. Marian, and Lee H. S. Luong. "Optimization of part type selection and loading problem with alternative production plans in flexible manufacturing system using hybrid genetic algorithms - part 2: Genetic operators and results." In 2013 5th International Conference on Knowledge and Smart Technology (KST). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kst.2013.6512792.

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Vieira, Luciano T., Beatriz de S. L. P. de Lima, Alexandre G. Evsukoff, and Breno P. Jacob. "Application of Genetic Algorithms to the Synthesis of Riser Configurations." In ASME 2003 22nd International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2003-37231.

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The purpose of this work is to describe the application of Genetic Algorithms in the search of the best configuration of catenary riser systems in deep waters. Particularly, an optimization methodology based on genetic algorithms is implemented on a computer program, in order to seek an optimum geometric configuration for a steel catenary riser in a lazy-wave configuration. This problem is characterized by a very large space of possible solutions; the use of traditional methods is an exhaustive work, since there is a large number of variables and parameters that define this type of system. Genetic algorithms are more robust than the more commonly used optimization techniques. They use random choice as a tool to guide a search toward regions of the search space with likely improvements. Some differences such as the coding of the parameter set, the search from a population of points, the use of objective functions and randomized operators are factors that contribute to the robustness of a genetic algorithm and result in advantages over traditional techniques. The implemented methodology has as baseline one or more criteria established by the experience of the offshore engineer. The implementation of an intelligent methodology oriented specifically to the optimization and synthesis of riser configurations will not only facilitate the work of manipulating a huge mass of data, but also assure the best alternative between all the possible ones, searching in a much larger space of possible solutions than classical methods.
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Schoen, Marco P., Sinchai Chinvorarat, and Chien-Hsun Kuo. "Eigensystem Realization With Modified Genetic Algorithm for System Identification of Noise Corrupted Processes." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13409.

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The results of real world application of system identification (SI) algorithms are always affected by the process and measurement noise associated with the system to be identified and the measurement set-up. A small signal to noise ratio generally results into poor and sometimes unusable dynamical models. Missing system dynamics and characteristics in the inferred system model may cause undesirable and sometimes harmful control laws. Robust control is one avenue to avoid causing undesirable system performance due to the large model uncertainties. In this paper, an alternative approach is presented. In particular, a proof is given that no dynamic controller can reduce the noise influence in linear system identification. Eigensystem Realization Algorithms (ERA) used commonly in the Observer Kalman Filter Identification (OKID) algorithm allows for the discrimination between noise and system modes based on the magnitude of the singular values. Having a large noise content embedded in the input/output data is reflected by large singular values for the noise and system modes. This leaves them indistinguishable from each other. Hence the number and exact selection of the system modes using the traditional Eigensystem realization and the DC realization algorithm is impracticable. A new selection scheme is proposed for the Eigensystem realization portion of the OKID algorithm. The selection is done using a modified Genetic Algorithm (GA). The GA uses a cost function based on the step response, which is addition data to the random data collected from the experiment. The GA proposed adapts the probability density function for the selection scheme of the mating chromosomes based on the approximated cost gradient. Simulation results of the proposed algorithm in comparison with the traditional used method are presented. The results indicate an improved ability to extract system models from very noise data.
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Mahmudy, Wayan F., Romeo M. Marian, and Lee H. S. Luong. "Optimization of part type selection and loading problem with alternative production plans in flexible manufacturing system using hybrid genetic algorithms - part 1: Modelling and representation." In 2013 5th International Conference on Knowledge and Smart Technology (KST). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/kst.2013.6512791.

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Bielefeldt, Brent R., Darren J. Hartl, and Ergun Akleman. "L-System-Generated Topology Optimization of Compliant Mechanisms Using Graph-Based Interpretation." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85225.

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Traditional topology optimization techniques, such as density-based and level set methods, have proven successful in identifying potential design configurations but suffer from rapidly increasing design space dimensionality and convergence to local minima. A heuristic alternative to these approaches couples a genetic algorithm with a Lindenmayer System (L-System), which encodes design variables and governs the development of the structure when coupled with some sort of interpreter. This work discusses the development of a graph-based interpretation scheme referred to as Spatial Interpretation for the Development of Reconfigurable Structures (SPIDRS). This framework allows for the effective exploration of the design space using a limited number of design variables. The theory and implementation of this method are detailed, and a compliant mechanism case study is presented to demonstrate the ability of SPIDRS to generate structures capable of achieving multiple design goals.
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Cupertino, Francesco, David Naso, and Biagio Turchiano. "Precision Motion Control of Tubular Linear Motors With Neural Networks and Compact Genetic Algorithms." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-87178.

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This paper describes a control system for a tubular synchronous linear motor based on a combination of a linear PID controller and a nonlinear neural network. The nonlinear part of the controller is introduced to progressively augment the tracking performance of the system and is trained online by a compact GA. In particular, we implement a variant of a known compact GA that well lends itself to practical implementations in low capacity microcontrollers, thanks to its reduced memory requirements and better distributed computational loads. The potential of the proposed approach is assessed by means of experimental tests using a tubular linear synchronous motor prototype. The control system obtained through genetic search outperforms alternative schemes obtained with linear design techniques in terms of robustness to payload mass change and sensitivity to static friction.
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Trabia, Mohamed B., and Mohammad Y. Saadeh. "A Hybrid Master-Slave Genetic Algorithm-Neural Network Approach for Modeling a Piezoelectric Actuator." In ASME 2012 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2012-7925.

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This work presents an approach for developing the model of a smart fin dynamics that is activated by a fully-enclosed piezoelectric (PZT) bimorph actuator, which is created by bonding two Macro Fiber Composites (MFCs). Observing the dynamics of the fin indicates that the use of a linear dynamic model does not adequately describe its behavior. An earlier work proposed incorporating a proportional damping matrix as well as Bouc-Wen hysteresis model and backlash operators to create a more accurate model. However, the number of parameters describing the expanded model is large, which limits its use. Therefore, there is a need for a different approach for developing an alternative model of the fin. In this work, a hybrid master-slave Genetic Algorithm (GA)-Neural Network (NN) model is proposed to identify the optimal set of parameters for the damping matrix constants, the Bouc-Wen hysteresis model and the backlash operators. A total of nine sinusoidal input voltage cases that resemble a grid of three different amplitudes excited at three different frequencies are used to train and validate the model. Three input cases are considered for training the NN architecture, connection weights, bias weights and learning rules using GA. The NN consists of three layers: an input layer that has two nodes for the amplitude and the frequency of the input voltage, an output layer that has seven nodes for the backlash, hysteresis, and damping operators, and a hidden layer that is free to have any number of nodes between two and nine. The GA constantly performs natural selection of chromosomes that propagate best compilation of NN parameters. Simulation results show that the proposed model can predict the damping, hysteresis and backlash of the smart fin–actuator system under various operational conditions.
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Xue, Deyi. "Identification of the Optimal Product Configuration and Parameters for Improving Manufacturability." In ASME 1996 Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/96-detc/dac-1526.

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Abstract A global optimization approach for identifying the optimal product configuration and parameters is proposed to improve manufacturability measures including feasibility, cost, and time of production. Different product configurations, including alternative design candidates and production processes, are represented by an AND/OR graph. Product parameters are described by variables including continuous variables, integer variables, Boolean variables, and discrete variables. Two global optimization methods, genetic algorithm and simulated annealing, are employed for identifying the optimal product configuration and parameters. The introduced approach serves as a key component in an integrated concurrent design system. A case study example is given to show how the proposed method is used for solving the engineering problems.
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Badra, Jihad, Fethi Khaled, Meng Tang, Yuanjiang Pei, Janardhan Kodavasal, Pinaki Pal, Opeoluwa Owoyele, Carsten Fuetterer, Mattia Brenner, and Aamir Farooq. "Engine Combustion System Optimization Using CFD and Machine Learning: A Methodological Approach." In ASME 2019 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2019-7238.

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Abstract Gasoline compression ignition (GCI) engines are considered an attractive alternative to traditional spark-ignition and diesel engines. In this work, a Machine Learning-Grid Gradient Algorithm (ML-GGA) approach was developed to optimize the performance of internal combustion engines. Machine learning (ML) offers a pathway to transform complex physical processes that occur in a combustion engine into compact informational processes. The developed ML-GGA model was compared with a recently developed Machine learning Genetic Algorithm (ML-GA). Detailed investigations of optimization solver parameters and variables limits extension were performed in the present ML-GGA model to improve the accuracy and robustness of the optimization process. Detailed descriptions of the different procedures, optimization tools and criteria that must be followed for a successful output are provided here. The developed ML-GGA approach was used to optimize the operating conditions (case 1) and the piston bowl design (case 2) of a heavy-duty diesel engine running on a gasoline fuel with a Research Octane Number (RON) of 80. The ML-GGA approach yielded &gt; 2% improvements in the merit function, compared to the optimum obtained from a thorough computational fluid dynamics (CFD) guided system optimization. The predictions from the ML-GGA approach were validated with engine CFD simulations. This study demonstrates the potential of ML-GGA to significantly reduce the time needed for optimization problems, without loss in accuracy compared to traditional approaches.
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