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O'Connell, Mark G., and Ian Goodwin. "Water stress and reduced fruit size in micro-irrigated pear trees under deficit partial rootzone drying." Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58, no. 7 (2007): 670. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ar06306.
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Crop water relations, vegetative and reproductive growth, and soil water status were studied during 2 seasons to determine the effectiveness of partial rootzone drying (PRD) in a mature micro-irrigated pear orchard in the Goulburn Valley, Australia. PRD treatments were 50% (PRD50) and 100% (PRD100) of predicted crop water requirement (ETc) applied on one side of the tree alternated on a 14-day cycle compared with a Control treatment, which received 100% of ETc irrigated on both sides of the tree. Irrigation was applied daily by micro-jets to replace ETc estimated using reference crop evapotranspiration (ETo) and a FAO-56 crop coefficient of 1.15 adjusted for tree size. The PRD50 regime applied 174–250 mm for the season v. 347–470 mm for both the Control and PRD100 treatments. Irrigation maintained a well watered rootzone under the emitter compared with the drying profiles of the alternated wet/dry irrigated zones of the PRD treatments. There was no significant benefit of PRD100 compared with the Control irrigation regime. Similar vegetative growth (canopy radiation interception), reproductive growth (fruit growth rate, final fruit size, yield), fruit quality (total soluble solids, flesh firmness), and crop water relations (midday leaf conductance, midday leaf and stem water potential) were measured between the Control and PRD100. Trees under the PRD50 regime showed symptoms of severe water stress, that being greater fruit drop, reduced fruit size, lower yield, reduced leaf conductance, and lower leaf and stem water potential. The 50% water saving afforded by PRD50 led to a yield penalty of 16–28% compared with the Control and PRD100. PRD50 fruit failed to meet commercial cannery requirements due to poor fruit size. We conclude from an agronomic basis that deficit PRD irrigation management is not recommended for micro-irrigated pear orchards on fine-textured soils in the Goulburn Valley, Australia.
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Lubczyńska, Zuzanna, Yevheniia Popravko, Mateusz Mirosław Lewandowski, Grzegorz Bienia, Maja Żołnierek, Jakub Świętochowski, Nikola Siekierko, Wiktoria Kotusiewicz, Barbara Jędrzejewska, and Maria Kotulska. "Intermittent fasting – a novel approach to treating overweight and obesity? – meta-analysis and literature review." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 38, no. 1 (June 7, 2023): 64–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.38.01.005.
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Introduction Intermittent fasting (IF) is a form of dietary intervention that includes periods of regular calorie intake alternated with periods of fasting. IF has gained a lot of attention as a potential approach to treating metabolic syndrome-related diseases. Therefore, health care professionals need to be able to provide their patients with evidence-based information on IF. The aim of this article is to review data on effectiveness of IF in weight loss, especially in comparison with calorie restriction.
MethodsPubMed and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies published from 1.01.2017 to 31.12.2022 that included phrases “intermittent fasting” or “alternate day fasting”, “intermittent fasting obesity”, “alternate day fasting obesity”. Intervention studies on obese or overweight patients were included. We excluded studies of short duration and studies that focused on intercurrent medical conditions. In total, 14 articles that suited those criteria were identified.
ResultsIntermittent fasting induces pronounced metabolic changes in the body due to strict and time-limited restriction of calorie intake and in animal models was proved to prolong lifespan and modulate tumorigenesis and aging. It is a proposed new approach to treating obesity, which is a a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
ConclusionsIn our study, IF was found as effective, but not superior to calorie restriction in reducing body mass, improving body composition and reducing other cardiometabolic risk factors. Our findings are consistent with other recent systematic reviews. Further research is needed to directly compare various IF regimens and determine patients’ characteristics that may be associated with more successful implementation of intermittent fasting regimens.
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Kursa, Weronika, Agnieszka Jamiołkowska, and Barbara Skwaryło-Bednarz. "Laboratoryjna ocena oddziaływania substancji czynnych fungicydów na wzrost niektórych grzybów chorobotwórczych." Annales Horticulturae 31, no. 4 (January 24, 2023): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24326/ah.2022.4.1.
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Celem pracy jest laboratoryjna ocena skuteczności fungicydalnego oddziaływania azoksystrobiny (Amistar 250 SC) i difenokonazolu (Score 250 EC) na wybrane grzyby fitopatogeniczne (Alternatia alternata, Botritis cinerea, Fusarium avenaceum). W badaniu zastosowano metodę zatrutych podłoży. Oddziaływanie azoksystrobiny i difenokonazolu na wzrost grzybów zależało od gatunku grzyba i dawki substancji toksycznej w podłożu. Testowane substancje czynne nie wykazywały działania fungicydalnego, lecz działanie fungistatyczne, najbardziej skuteczne w stężeniach 0,01% i 0,1%. Difenokonazol działał efektywniej niż azoksystrobina. Obie substancje czynne hamowały wzrost A. alternata i B. cinerea w zakresie od 3,85% do 88,07%, zależnie od dawki substancji czynnej i czasu jej działania. Azoksystrobina nie hamowała wzrostu powierzchniowego F. avenaceum, natomiast difenokonazol wykazywał słabe działanie fungistatyczne. Najwyższy stopień zahamowania wzrostu F. avenaceum zanotowany dla 0,1% stężenia difenokonazolu to 39,75%.
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Jéheil, Phillippe. "Limited Horizon Forecast in Repeated Alternate Games." Journal of Economic Theory 67, no. 2 (December 1995): 497–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jeth.1995.1082.
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Zhang, Lu, Lin Gang Wang, and Ping Hu. "Fabrication of Tissue Engineering Scaffolds via Multi-Jet and Component Alternate Electrospinning." Key Engineering Materials 288-289 (June 2005): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.288-289.67.
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In this article, electrospinning of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) /egg white blend and that of poly (carbon dioxide-co-propylene oxide) were studied. Blend fibrous mats containing poly (carbon dioxide-co-propylene oxide) and PEO/egg white blend were obtained through multi-jet and component alternate eletrospinning, respectively. Component alternate electrospinning exhibits higher efficiency and produces better blended products than multi-jet electrospinning does because the inter-influence between different jets during multi-jet electrospinning greatly affects electrospinning process while component alternate electrospinning avoids such kind of influence.
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Khadimian, Abdul Manan, Noor Ahmad Akbari, and Ahmadullah Joyan. "Effect of Medicinal Plant Infusions (Allium sativum, Berberis lycium) Schedules on Hepatic Function and Lipid Profile of Broiler Chickens." Journal of Environmental and Agricultural Studies 4, no. 3 (September 6, 2023): 06–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jeas.2023.4.3.2.
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The current research endeavor was undertaken to explore the impact of varying administration schedules of medicinal plant infusions (Allium sativum and Berberis lycium) on the hepatic function and lipid profile of young broiler chicks. A total of 240 day-old broiler chicks were meticulously categorized into four distinct groups, namely TI-0D, TI-1D, TI-2D, and TI-3D. These designations corresponded to the administration schedules as follows: the TI-0D group received daily infusions, the TI-1D group received infusions every alternate day, the TI-2D group received infusions every alternate two days, and the TI-3D group received infusions every alternate three days. Each of these groups was subsequently subdivided into two subgroups based on their vaccination protocols. Each subgroup was composed of three replicates, with each replicate containing 10 chicks. Notably, the serum protein levels were observed to be comparatively lower in the group subjected to daily infusion administration, while the highest levels were recorded in the group receiving infusions every alternate two days. However, it is important to underline that these differences did not attain statistical significance. Remarkably, the serum triglyceride levels demonstrated a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the group receiving infusions every alternate two days (TI-2D), with the highest levels being observed in the TI-0D group, which received daily infusions. Additionally, the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were markedly elevated (P<0.05) in the TI-2D group compared to all other groups. In terms of serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, the TI-2D group exhibited the lowest levels, while the TI-0D group displayed the highest levels, although these differences were observed numerically rather than statistically. In conclusion, it can be deduced that the water-based infusion of Allium sativum and Berberis lyceum, administered every alternate two days, led to improvements in both the hepatic function and lipid profile of broiler chicks. This finding underscores the potential benefits of this specific administration schedule in enhancing the physiological parameters of the subjects under investigation.
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Canton, J., F. Auteri, and M. Carini. "Linear global stability of two incompressible coaxial jets." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 824 (July 13, 2017): 886–911. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.290.
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The linear stability of two incompressible coaxial jets, separated by a thick duct wall, is investigated by means of both a modal and a non-modal approach within a global framework. The attention is focused on the range of unitary velocity ratios for which an alternate vortex shedding from the duct wall is known to dominate the flow. In spite of the inherent convective nature of jet flow instabilities, such behaviour is shown to originate from an unstable global mode of the dynamics linearised around the axisymmetric base flow. The corresponding wavemaker is located in the recirculating-flow region formed behind the duct wall. At the same time, the transient-growth analysis reveals that huge amplifications (up to $20$ orders of magnitude) of small flow perturbations at the nozzle exit can occur in the subcritical regime, especially for high ratios between the outer and the inner velocities.
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Wachulak, P. W., L. Wegrzynski, A. Bartnik, T. Fok, R. Jarocki, J. Kostecki, M. Szczurek, and H. Fiedorowicz. "Characterization of a dual-gas multi-jet gas puff target for high-order harmonic generation using extreme ultraviolet shadowgraphy." Laser and Particle Beams 31, no. 2 (May 3, 2013): 219–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034613000207.
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AbstractCharacterization measurements and modes of operation of a novel, dual-gas multi-jet target, developed for experiments on high-order harmonic generation, are presented. The target has been formed by pulsed injection of argon through a nozzle in a form of linearly oriented small orifices. The argon jets were separated with the helium jets formed by injection of helium through alternate orifices in the nozzle. The targets have been characterized by extreme ultraviolet backlighting at 13.5 nm wavelength. Density profiles for this type of targets have been obtained, to our knowledge, for the first time.
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Xu, Peng, Agus Sasmito, and Arun Mujumdar. "A computational study of heat transfer under twin turbulent slot jets impinging on planar smooth and rough surfaces." Thermal Science 20, suppl. 1 (2016): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci151130016x.
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The flow and heat transfer characteristics of twin turbulent slot jets impinging on planar smooth and rough surfaces are examined using a computational fluid dynamics model. The interaction between jets lowers the heat transfer performance of each jet in the zone where the wall jets collide. A single jet performs better than the equivalent twin jet. The average heat transfer under twin jets which are injected alternately so that each one of the pair of jets behaves like a single jet, is found to be better than twin jets issuing simultaneously. It is proposed that alternating jet flows in the twin jet arrangement is a simple novel way to enhance thermal performance of jet pairs. Along with parametric studies of the key flow and geometric parameters, effects of large temperature differences between the jet air and the target surface being heated, and model roughness of the target surface are also evaluated. Interestingly, roughness can lower the heat transfer performance in the impingement zone as the fluid can get trapped in the valleys in the rough surface.
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Banakh, Viktor A., Igor N. Smalikho, and Andrey V. Falits. "Wind–Temperature Regime and Wind Turbulence in a Stable Boundary Layer of the Atmosphere: Case Study." Remote Sensing 12, no. 6 (March 16, 2020): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12060955.
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The paper presents the results of probing the stable atmospheric boundary layer in the coastal zone of Lake Baikal with a coherent Doppler wind lidar and a microwave temperature profiler. Two-dimensional height–temporal distributions of the wind velocity vector components, temperature, and parameters characterizing atmospheric stability and wind turbulence were obtained. The parameters of the low-level jets and the atmospheric waves arising in the stable boundary layer were determined. It was shown that the stable atmospheric boundary layer has an inhomogeneous fine scale layered structure characterized by strong variations of the Richardson number Ri. Layers with large Richardson numbers alternate with layers where Ri is less than the critical value of the Richardson number Ricr = 0.25. The channels of decreased stability, where the conditions are close to neutral stratification 0 < Ri < 0.25, arise in the zone of the low-level jets. The wind turbulence in the central part of the observed jets, where Ri > Ricr, is weak, increases considerably to the periphery of jets, at heights where Ri < Ricr. The turbulence may intensify at the appearance of internal atmospheric waves.
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HUA, BACH LIEN, DENNIS W. MOORE, and SYLVIE LE GENTIL. "Inertial nonlinear equilibration of equatorial flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 331 (January 25, 1997): 345–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112096004016.
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We explore the nature of inertial equilibration of equatorial flows in the presence of mean meridional and vertical shears of the basic state, with oceanic applications in mind. The study is motivated by the observational evidence that the subthermocline equatorial mean circulation displays nearly zero Ertel potential vorticity away from the equator, when taking into account the non-traditional horizontal component of the Earth rotation. This observed state precisely verifies the marginal condition for inertial instability: a linear analysis for the equatorial β-plane confirms that the usual condition of instability, namely that Ertel potential vorticity should be of opposite sign to the vertical Coriolis parameter, remains valid even when the traditional approximation is relaxed. Analytical linear normal modes reveal that a meridional shear of the basic state leads to a vertical stacking of equatorially-trapped zonal flows of alternate signs, with a new centre of symmetry located at the dynamical equator. A vertical shear of the basic state causes a meridional stacking of extra-equatorial zonal flows.In an inviscid framework, a two-dimensional formulation is ill-posed and we resort to non-hydrostatic viscous simulations to determine the nonlinear normal forms of the system. The influence of a small-scale eddy diffusivity and a large-scale Rayleigh damping on the equilibrated vertical scale is determined numerically. The nonlinear equilibration occurs through a steady-state bifurcation from a basic state without jets to another steady state with secondary jets of alternate signs. The final state corresponds to eastward jets located on the geographic equator, while westward jets are located near the dynamical equator. These results are consistent with in situ observations of equatorial deep jets.The analogy between the equatorial meridional shear flow and the cylindrical Couette–Taylor flow with an axial density stratification is detailed. There is a strong similarity in the general symmetries and nonlinear normal forms of the two problems. Similarly to the homogeneous Couette–Taylor flow, the gap width between the two cylinders is important for determining the axial scale of the secondary flow through the Reynolds number. For the equatorial problem, an upper bound for the height scale of inertial jets is such that the corresponding equatorial radius of deformation times √2 fits between the geographic and dynamic equators.One of our main conclusions is that the raisond’être of the observed region of zero Ertel potential vorticity is to facilitate angular momentum exchanges between the two hemispheres and inertial deep jets are the byproducts of this angular momentum mixing.
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Bechtel, S. E. "The Oscillation of Slender Elliptical Inviscid and Newtonian Jets: Effects of Surface Tension, Inertia, Viscosity, and Gravity." Journal of Applied Mechanics 56, no. 4 (December 1, 1989): 968–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3176198.
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The motion of inviscid and Newtonian jets issuing from elliptical orifices is analyzed. The analysis is not confined to small departures of the jet free surface from a circular cylindrical mean surface, but rather is fully nonlinear. Two types of behavior are predicted: (1) In the presence of surface tension the major axis of the elliptical jet cross-section alternates between perpendicular directions with distance down the jet. In this case the system is described as a single-degree-of-freedom nonlinear oscillator, conservative for the inviscid elliptical jet in the absence of gravity, and nonconservative for the Newtonian jet. (2) When surface tension is neglected, the transformation occurs only once, after which the jet flattens into a sheet perpendicular to the major axis of the orifice. The effect of gravity is discussed both for downward flowing jets and fountains.
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Tyler, Robert H. "Jupiter's Banding and Jets May Be Caused by Tides." Planetary Science Journal 3, no. 11 (November 1, 2022): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/psj/ac8f91.
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Abstract The stratification parameters for Jupiter’s outer 3000 km shell are calculated using a density profile recently derived from observations of the NASA Juno spacecraft currently in Jovian orbit. Using these parameters, the equations of classical tidal theory for a stratified, nonhydrostatic, compressible fluid are numerically solved for sectoral tidal forcing by Io. The results support a long-standing though little discussed proposal that the banding/jets (and possibly the unexplained endogenic heat) are caused by the tides. First, general arguments from eigenmode analyses expect resonantly forced tidal modes and the scattering of the tidal response to higher spatial degrees by Jupiter’s fast rotation, with time-averaged tidal effects appearing in bands between critical latitudes (±50° for forcing by Io). Second, resonant tides and banding are specifically demonstrated in the tidal model configured with the Juno-derived stratification. While banding in the time-averaged tidal features is a robust expectation (from the well-prescribed forcing and rotation parameters) and is independent of the internal parameters, the details of the banding (e.g., number, width) are highly dependent. Hence, comparison of the tidal model with observations provides a test of the tidal hypothesis of the bands as well as assumptions of interior parameters and processes. Here, dissipation parameterized as a simple pressure relaxation term in the vertical balance equation shows a time-mean banded structure between the critical latitudes that can drive geostrophic jets matching the major observed features, including strong prograde flow at the equator. By contrast, alternate stratification/dissipation assumptions produce banded structures that do not agree with observations.
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Wiktor-Mach, Dobrosława. "Ruch społeczny na rzecz sprawiedliwości środowiskowej a dewzrost: bariery i możliwości współpracy." Prace Kulturoznawcze 25, no. 3 (March 24, 2022): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0860-6668.25.3.4.
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Dynamicznie rozwijający się ruch na rzecz sprawiedliwości środowiskowej włącza niektóre wątki i postulaty dewzrostu do debat wokół pojęcia rozwoju i szukania alternatyw dla dominujących modeli ekonomicznych. Ruch, który narodził się w Stanach Zjednoczonych na fali sprzeciwu wobec nieproporcjonalnego obciążenia mniejszości etnicznych i biednych społeczności skutkami degradacji środowiska, obecnie nie tylko koncentruje się na protestach przeciwko nowym megaprojektom, kopalniom czy odwiertom, ale też szuka konstruktywnych pomysłów na zmianę łączącą wrażliwość społeczną i ekologiczną. Artykuł przedstawia dyskusję na temat barier i możliwości współpracy pomiędzy ruchem sprawiedliwości środowiskowej a dewzrostem. Chociaż podzielają one przekonanie o potrzebie radykalnej transformacji obecnych ścieżek rozwojowych, nie jest to wystarczający warunek udanej współpracy. Potrzebne jest wzajemne zrozumienie odmienności w postrzeganiu źródeł problemu, priorytetów, a także możliwych alternatyw.
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Sokołowska, Emilia, and Andrzej Mogielnicki. "POSZUKIWANIE NASTĘPCÓW PROTAMINY: SKUTECZNE I BEZPIECZNE HAMOWANIE KRWAWIENIA WYWOŁANEGO PODANIEM POZAJELITOWYCH ŚRODKÓW PRZECIWKRZEPLIWYCH." Prospects in Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 2 (May 25, 2016): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.56782/pps.102.
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Heparyna niefrakcjonowana jest stosowanym w medycynie antykoagulantem zapobiegającym krzepnięciu krwi. W stanach zagrożenia życia, gdy potrzebne jest szybkie odwrócenie działania antykoagulacyjnego heparyny, jako antidotum dostępna jest protamina, zarejestrowana w 1939 roku. Znaczna toksyczność protaminy, która pozyskiwana jest z nasienia łososia, prawdopodobnie jest związana z jej odzwierzęcym pochodzeniem. Toksyczność manifestuje się jako spadek ciśnienia tętniczego, katastrofalny skurcz naczyń płucnych czy prowadzące nawet do śmierci reakcje anafilaktyczne. Dlatego ośrodki naukowe od lat poszukują bezpieczniejszych alternatyw. Największe nadzieje wiąże się z już bliskim zarejestrowania andexanetem alfa. W obecnej pracy przedstawiliśmy najważniejsze działania niepożądane protaminy, a także wykaz znajdujących się w fazie badań środków neutralizujących działanie pozajelitowych leków przeciwkrzepliwych.
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Lee, Ann, Guan H. Yeoh, Victoria Timchenko, and John Reizes. "Numerical Computation and Investigation of the Characteristics of Microscale Synthetic Jets." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/358940.
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A synthetic jet results from periodic oscillations of a membrane in a cavity. Jet is formed when fluid is alternately sucked into and ejected from a small cavity by the motion of membrane bounding the cavity. A novel moving mesh algorithm to simulate the formation of jet is presented. The governing equations are transformed into the curvilinear coordinate system in which the grid velocities evaluated are then fed into the computation of the flow in the cavity domain thus allowing the conservation equations of mass and momentum to be solved within the stationary computational domain. Numerical solution generated using this moving mesh approach is compared with an experimental result measuring the instantaneous velocity fields obtained by μPIV measurements in the vicinity of synthetic jet orifice 241 μm in diameter issuing into confined geometry. Comparisons between experimental and numerical results on the streamwise component of velocity profiles at the orifice exit and along the centerline of the pulsating jet in microchannel as well as the location of vortex core indicate that there is good agreement, thereby demonstrating that the moving mesh algorithm developed is valid.
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Landel, Julien R., C. P. Caulfield, and Andrew W. Woods. "Meandering due to large eddies and the statistically self-similar dynamics of quasi-two-dimensional jets." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 692 (January 6, 2012): 347–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2011.518.
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AbstractWe investigate experimentally the structure of quasi-two-dimensional plane turbulent jets discharged vertically from a slot of width $d$ into a fluid confined between two relatively close rigid boundaries with gap $W\ensuremath{\sim} O(d)$. At large vertical distances $z\gg W$ the jet structure consists of a meandering core with large counter-rotating eddies, which develop on alternate sides of the core. Using particle image velocimetry, we observe an inverse cascade typical of quasi-two-dimensional turbulence where both the core and the eddies grow linearly with $z$ and travel at an average speed proportional to ${z}^{\ensuremath{-} 1/ 2} $. However, although the present study concerns quasi-two-dimensional confined jets, the jets are self-similar and the mean properties are consistent with both experimental results and theoretical models of the time-averaged properties of fully unconfined planar two-dimensional jets. We believe that the dynamics of the interacting core and large eddies accounts for the Gaussian profile of the mean vertical velocity as shown by the spatial statistical distribution of the core and eddy structure. The lateral excursions (caused by the propagating eddies) of this high-speed central core produce a Gaussian distribution for the time-averaged vertical velocity. In addition, we find that approximately 75 % of the total momentum flux of the jet is contained within the core. The eddies travel substantially slower (at approximately 25 % of the maximum speed of the core) at each height and their growth is primarily attributed to entrainment of ambient fluid. The frequency of occurrence of the eddies decreases in a stepwise manner due to merging, with a well-defined minimum value of the corresponding Strouhal number $\mathit{St}\geq 0. 07$.
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Brown-Liburd, Helen, Arion Cheong, Miklos A. Vasarhelyi, and Xinxin Wang. "Measuring with Exogenous Data (MED), and Government Economic Monitoring (GEM)." Journal of Emerging Technologies in Accounting 16, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jeta-10682.
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ABSTRACT The emergence of enormous disparate data sources, available in a multitude of alternate formats, and on very different devices, is leading to a business process revolution. This paper argues for a new approach in which these technologies are used to replace outdated blanket government intervention programs. Highly targeted interventions for social programs identified and addressed by Big Data-based methodologies would replace outdated government programs. This approach advocates for original detective methodologies, direct government action, and outcome monitoring all of which utilize Big Data-based frequent examination. The government would be in a privileged situation where it could obtain data not available to most other parties due to privacy laws. The data structures of the government would be protected by encryption and blockchain privacy-protection methodologies that would only reveal targeted outcomes to the direct-action agent. These same methodologies are applicable for business measurement (accounting) and assurance (audit).
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Górecki, Olgierd. "Autonomia i wolność – korelacja pojęć w doktrynach polityczno-prawnych." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica 105 (December 22, 2023): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-6069.105.13.
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Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie relacji znaczeniowych zachodzących pomiędzy pojęciem autonomii i wolności na gruncie doktryn polityczno-prawnych. Przeprowadzona analiza służy wykazaniu, że pojęcie autonomii ma węższe znaczenie, zawierające się w szerszej kategorii, jaką jest wolność. O ile pojęcie autonomii nie jest tożsame z negatywnym ujęciem wolności, sprowadzającym się do posiadania jak najszerszego spektrum alternatyw możliwego wyboru zachowania, to wyraża się ono w koncepcji wolności pozytywnej, czyli w zasadzie samodzielnego kierowania własnym postępowaniem. Obydwa pojęcia zostały badane wyłącznie w kontekście postrzegania ich jako atrybutu człowieka. Metodyka prowadzonej analizy opiera się głównie na koncepcjach Isaiaha Berlina, Geralda C. MacCalluma Jr. oraz Geralda Dworkina. W artykule poruszono także rozumienie pojęcia autonomii w wybranych wyrokach Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka.
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Manney, Gloria L., Michaela I. Hegglin, Zachary D. Lawrence, Krzysztof Wargan, Luis F. Millán, Michael J. Schwartz, Michelle L. Santee, et al. "Reanalysis comparisons of upper tropospheric–lower stratospheric jets and multiple tropopauses." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 18 (September 27, 2017): 11541–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-11541-2017.
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Abstract. The representation of upper tropospheric–lower stratospheric (UTLS) jet and tropopause characteristics is compared in five modern high-resolution reanalyses for 1980 through 2014. Climatologies of upper tropospheric jet, subvortex jet (the lowermost part of the stratospheric vortex), and multiple tropopause frequency distributions in MERRA (Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications), ERA-I (ERA-Interim; the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, ECMWF, interim reanalysis), JRA-55 (the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis), and CFSR (the Climate Forecast System Reanalysis) are compared with those in MERRA-2. Differences between alternate products from individual reanalysis systems are assessed; in particular, a comparison of CFSR data on model and pressure levels highlights the importance of vertical grid spacing. Most of the differences in distributions of UTLS jets and multiple tropopauses are consistent with the differences in assimilation model grids and resolution – for example, ERA-I (with coarsest native horizontal resolution) typically shows a significant low bias in upper tropospheric jets with respect to MERRA-2, and JRA-55 (the Japanese 55-year Reanalysis) a more modest one, while CFSR (with finest native horizontal resolution) shows a high bias with respect to MERRA-2 in both upper tropospheric jets and multiple tropopauses. Vertical temperature structure and grid spacing are especially important for multiple tropopause characterizations. Substantial differences between MERRA and MERRA-2 are seen in mid- to high-latitude Southern Hemisphere (SH) winter upper tropospheric jets and multiple tropopauses as well as in the upper tropospheric jets associated with tropical circulations during the solstice seasons; some of the largest differences from the other reanalyses are seen in the same times and places. Very good qualitative agreement among the reanalyses is seen between the large-scale climatological features in UTLS jet and multiple tropopause distributions. Quantitative differences may, however, have important consequences for transport and variability studies. Our results highlight the importance of considering reanalyses differences in UTLS studies, especially in relation to resolution and model grids; this is particularly critical when using high-resolution reanalyses as an observational reference for evaluating global chemistry–climate models.
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Coe, Thomas. "Control of Oil Spills In Fast-Water Currents—A Technology Assessment1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1999, no. 1 (March 1, 1999): 1245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1999-1-1245.
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ABSTRACT A technology assessment was conducted to quantify the oil spill threat in fast waters, and then identify promising equipment and strategies for those threat scenarios. Recommendations are made to pursue methods, equipment, and training that show the most promise to improve response capabilities in currents from 1 to 6 knots. Containment and removal of oil spilled in rivers and coastal tidal regions where currents exceed 0.7 knots is difficult because many skimmers and conventional booming methods are not effective in fast currents. The oil will generally entrain and follow the water path under the boom or skimmer for faster currents unless it is tricked by a device for deflection, containment, or recovery. This can be accomplished using specialized equipment and strategies; however, properly trained response personnel are essential. The benefits and liabilities of high speed skimmers and specialized boom systems that use a number of techniques are summarized. Shallow-draft high-current boom can be used to deflect the oil to shore at steep angles where the currents are slowed by the rising shoreline and conventional skimmers can be effectively used. Promising deflection strategies are listed. Alternate containment and diversion techniques also presented include: pneumatic boom, horizontal air and water jets, plunging water jets, diversion paravanes, and floating paddle wheel.
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Riyanto, Ong Wahyu, Subaderi Subaderi, and Ahmad Sholikhul Nafi. "Penerapan Produksi Ramah Lingkungan Pada Proses Produksi UKM Batik Tulis." Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR) 2 (December 15, 2019): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37695/pkmcsr.v2i0.482.
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Banyak UKM Batik yang telah berkembang di kota Kabupaten Sidoarjo, Jawa Timur, diindikasikan sebagai penyebab pencemaran lingkungan yang terjadi akibat penggunaan bahan kimia dalam proses produksi batik. Proses produksi batik tulis mayoritas menggunakan pewarna kimia yang tergolong pada kategori tidak sustain (tidak ramah lingkungan) tetapi affordable (layak secara ekonomis). Untuk meningkatkan tingkat eko-efisiensi bisa dilakukan dengan cara menaikkan harga jual, mengurangi biaya produksi atau menciptakan produksi bersih yang bisa dilakukan dengan menggunakan bahan pewarna alternatif (pewarna alami) dan menerapkan strategi end of life melalui: 1)Penerapan teknologi tepat guna pencelupan kain batik pada proses pewarnaan. 2)Konversi bahan bakar menggunakan tabung LPG 3 kg. 3)Pembuatan kowen sederhana. 4) Penerapan instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL) dengan teknologi elektrokoagulan. Alternatif teknologi yang paling layak diterapkan pada UKM batik Tulis Desa Jetis di Kabupaten Sidoarjo Sidoarjo adalah penerapan teknologi tepat guna pencelupan kain batik pada proses pewarnaan. Dengan penerapan teknologi tepat guna pencelupan kain batik pada proses pewarnaan akan mampu meningkatkan eko-efesiensi pada proses produksi UKM batik Tulis Desa Jetis Sidoarjo.
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Hari Saktiningsih, Cahaya Anindya Putri, Maulana Fikri Andriansyah, Seftika Dwi Niaga, and Yosefin Christina Ningsih. "Bahaya Formalin, Rhodamin B, dan Borak Pada Makanan terhadap Kelangsungan Fungsi Organ." Jurnal Pengemas Kesehatan 2, no. 2 (August 31, 2023): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52299/jpk.v2i02.36.
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Formalin, Boraks, dan Rhodamin B merupakan bahan tambahan pangan yang berbahaya terhadap organ tubuh apabila dikonsumsi dalam jangka Panjang. Kegiatan Praktik Pembangunan Kesehatan Masyarakat (PPKM) dengan tema “Bahaya Formalin, Borak, Dan Rhodamin B Pada Makanan Terhadap Kelangsungan Fungsi Organ” di Kelurahan Jetis, Baki, Sukoharjo yang telah dilaksanakan pada hari Sabtu, 22 Oktober 2022 dengan peserta berjumlah 12 Orang yang terdiri dari ibu-ibu PKK di Desa Jetis, Baki, Sukoharjo. Menggunakan beberapa metode antara lain: mengerjakan soal pretest, presentasi materi, penayangan video demostrasi cara pembuatan pengganti jajanan yang kurang sehat, dan ditutup dengan postes.Pengetahuan Ibu Ibu PKK di Desa Jetis, Baki, Sukoharjo mengenai Bahaya Formalin, Borak, Dan Rhodamin B serta pencegahannya, peserta mendapatkan solusi olahan pangan alternatif yang sehat sebagai pengganti jajanan yang mengandung formalin, rhodamine B, dan borak.
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Ziemiński, Ireneusz. "Is God (Perfectly) Good? Remarks on Opatrzność Boża, wolność, przypadek by Dariusz Łukasiewicz." Roczniki Filozoficzne 68, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 149–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rf20683-8.
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Czy Bóg jest (doskonale) dobry? Na marginesie książki Dariusza Łukasiewicza Opatrzność Boża, wolność, przypadek
Podstawowym problemem książki Dariusza Łukasiewicza jest kwestia natury Boga, przede wszystkim pytanie, czy jest On bytem doskonale dobrym (zwłaszcza w sensie moralnym). Jeśli jest doskonale dobry, to powinien zawsze uczynić to, co w danych warunkach najlepsze lub – jeśli nie ma możliwości czynienia dobra – z dwu lub więcej alternatyw wybierze tę, która jest najmniej zła. W argumentacji rozwijanej w artykule staram się pokazać, że dobroci Boga (zwłaszcza moralnej) nie da się wykazać ani a priori, ani a posteriori. Argumenty a priori są niewystarczające, ponieważ z takich ontologicznych cech Boga, jak prostota, konieczność czy nieskończoność dobroć moralna nie wynika. Podobnie moralna dobroć nie wynika z wszechmocy ani wszechwiedzy. Raczej przeciwnie, wszechmoc oraz wszechwiedza mogą być przeszkodą w dobroci moralnej; skoro bowiem Bóg wie wszystko, co jest logicznie możliwe wiedzieć, a także może uczynić wszystko, co jest logicznie możliwe uczynić, to powinien nie tylko zło znać, lecz także móc je czynić. Argumenty a posteriori są niewystarczające z powodu ogromu zła obecnego w świecie; przykładem jest naturalne i nieuchronne zło obecne w przyrodzie, wynikające stąd, że jedne gatunki są pokarmem dla innych. Jeśli zatem Bóg rzeczywiście stworzył świat, to nie był wrażliwy na cierpienie istot, które powołał do istnienia, zwłaszcza, że w zamieszkiwanym przez nas świecie istnieje wiele zła (i to zła bezcelowego).
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Bereziński, Stanisław. "The New Silk Road as an green alternative for China-European Union transport – CO2 emission analysis." Ekonomika i Organizacja Logistyki 6, no. 3 (September 20, 2021): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/eiol.2021.6.3.17.
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Obecna polityka klimatyczna Unii Europejskiej nakierowana jest na ograniczenie emisji dwu-tlenku węgla. Ma to istotny wpływ nie tylko na funkcjonowanie transportu wewnątrz Unii ale także z jej kluczowymi partnerami. Największym partnerem handlowym Unii Europejskiej pozostają od wielu lat Chiny. Od 2013 roku, to jest od momentu uruchomienia Nowego Je-dwabnego Szlaku, obok transportu morskiego i lotniczego, realną alternatywą na tej trasie po-zostaje także transport kolejowy. Przeprowadzone badania wskazały, że biorąc pod uwagę pomiar emisji CO2 metodami WTW i TTW, transport kolejowy w relacji Chiny – Unia Euro-pejska może być traktowany jako relatywnie ekologiczne rozwiązanie transportowe w porów-naniu do innych dostępnych alternatyw. Wskazano przy tym na niedostatki tych metod oraz na konieczność poprawnego przedstawiania długości trasy dla której pomiar emisji jest doko-nywany. Zwrócono także uwagę na uwarunkowania infrastrukturalne związane z dalszym rozwojem transportu kolejowego w ramach Nowego Jedwabnego Szlaku.
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Alfian, Moh Ruli, Annisa Rosdianti, Zakirin Manzhila Nurilma, Galuh Prasasti Isbach, and Rokhani Rokhani. "Pengadaan Bank Sampah untuk Mengatasi Penumpukan Sampah Desa Jetis, Kabupaten Bondowoso." Jurnal Inovasi Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat 3, no. 2 (October 4, 2023): 485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54082/jippm.176.
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Sampah telah menjadi permasalahan umum yang dihadapi oleh banyak daerah, termasuk Desa Jetis, Bondowoso. Salah satu akar masalah adalah kurangnya fasilitas pengolahan sampah yang berujung pada akumulasi limbah yang merugikan lingkungan. Dalam rangka mengatasi tantangan ini, tim pengabdian masyarakat di Bondowoso mengambil inisiatif untuk mendirikan Bank Sampah. Proses pengolahan sampah melalui bank sampah terdiri dari dua tahapan penting, yakni tahap persiapan & koordinasi, dan tahap implementasi. Bank Sampah telah diakui sebagai solusi alternatif yang efektif untuk mengatasi masalah penumpukan sampah. Pelaksanaan operasional bank sampah ini dikendalikan oleh Asosiasi Pemuda Desa Jetis (APDIS) dan didukung oleh bimbingan dari tim pengabdian masyarakat. Dengan melibatkan masyarakat secara aktif, implementasi bank sampah telah memberikan dampak positif dalam meminimalkan akumulasi sampah dan menumbukan kesadaran akan pentingnya pengelolaan sampah yang berkelanjutan.
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Jihannita, Jihannita, and Faninda Novika Pertiwi. "SCIENCE LEARNING DISCOURSE BASED ON CLASSROOM REPRESENTATION PRACTICE TO PROCESS CONCEPT OF MATERIAL PRESSURE." INSECTA: Integrative Science Education and Teaching Activity Journal 3, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 140–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.21154/insecta.v3i2.5124.
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Science learning should involve the use of active representation as a medium of communication between teachers and students. This is because representation becomes a medium of communication in the processing of science concepts provided by teachers, and the abilities produced by students themselves during science learning. This study aims to explain class discourse in science learning at SMPN 1 Jetis, based on the focus of discussing the relationship between knowledge representation, and communication patterns. The instruments in this study are questionnaires, and representation ability tests. The data obtained is tabulated in Microsoft Excel, then it is analyzed descriptively. The results showed that science learning at SMPN 1 Jetis was mediated with three types of existing representations, namely active, iconic, and symbolic alternately and simultaneously. The representation ability of students of SMPN 1 Jetis during the learning of the concept of material pressure, reached a score of 81.25 in the category of excellent representation ability; and 2) the shift of the three patterns of combination of representations that exist in science learning at SMPN 1 Jetis directs learning to dialogical, and authoritative communication patterns.
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Sobczyk, Mateusz, Paulina Oleksa, Piotr Wójcik, Daria Żuraw, Monika Rogowska, and Małgorzata Słaboń. "Positive and negative aspects of sauna bathing – current knowledge status." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 11, no. 9 (September 23, 2021): 497–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2021.11.09.064.
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Introduction: Sauna bathing as a health-promoting activity has been known to mankind for millennia. Sauna session, which consists of alternate overheating and then rapidly cooling the body, has a beneficial effect on the health of the body confirmed by scientific research. In the last few decades, sauna bathing has become more available due to the growing market of recreational services such as water parks and sauna parks. Regular use of sauna bathing reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal disorders, mental stress, accelerates the process of regeneration after physical exertion, as well as increases resistance to the harmful effects of certain environmental factors. Despite the health benefits known for many years, the physiological mechanisms occurring in the body during sauna sessions still remain unknown. Sauna bathing treatments can be an effective complement to the process of treatment and rehabilitation of patients with cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, respiratory tract diseases, skin diseases and many others.
Material and methods: A literature analysis on sauna bathing was carried out within the Pubmed and Google scholar platforms. The following keywords were used in search: sauna bathing, infrared sauna, cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose of the work: The aim of the following analysis is to present a historical outline of the use of sauna bathing, the health aspect, risks and the assumptions and indicating an important need for further research into the effects of sauna bathing on the body.
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Song, In Gu, Christopher Timmons, Galit Levitin, and Dennis W. Hess. "Photoresist Removal Using Alternative Chemistries and Pressures." Solid State Phenomena 145-146 (January 2009): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.145-146.303.
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Approximately 20% of the processing steps in integrated circuit (IC) fabrication involve surface cleaning and removal of photoresist and plasma etch residues. Continuous device minimization requires the use of thin films (<20 nm), closely spaced features, and ultra shallow junctions (<50nm); as a result, the challenges associated with effective surface cleaning are intensified. In addition, to insure high device performance, incorporation of alternate materials such as copper, ruthenium, and molybdenum, porous low dielectric constant SiO2-based insulators, and hafnium or zirconium oxides or silicates into device structures is taking place. Integration of these materials into working devices requires precise control of surface properties. In order to eliminate damage to films or substrates, avoid modification of surfaces, promote contaminant removal rates and enhance process control, approaches such as use of downstream plasmas, liquid cleaning with low concentrations of reactive chemicals, mechanical agitation, and liquid or particle jets have been implemented [1].
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Khanna, Rupika, and Chandan Sharma. "Do infrastructure and quality of governance matter for manufacturing productivity? Empirical evidence from the Indian states." Journal of Economic Studies 45, no. 4 (September 10, 2018): 829–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-04-2017-0100.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of infrastructure and governance quality on the state-level productivity of Indian manufacturing for the period 2008–2011. Design/methodology/approach The authors first rank Indian states on their quality of governance using benefit-of-the-doubt approach. Next, to explain state-level differences in total factor productivity (TFP), the authors assess the impact of a composite index of governance on industrial TFP of Indian states using alternate techniques and controlling for endogeneity. The authors also decompose the composite effect of governance in terms of economic, social and financial infrastructure and other key governance dimensions, which serves as another robustness check for the findings. Findings The authors find that TFP varies significantly across states, so does governance quality. Further, results suggest that TFP of Indian industries is sensitive toward public service deliveries of economic, social and financial infrastructure. However, the authors fail to find any impact of law and order indicators, for instance, rate of violent crimes, police strength and judicial service quality on the manufacturing productivity. The estimated coefficient of governance index is robust across alternate methodologies. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to assess the impact of regional governance factors on the manufacturing sector of India. The study has identified governance factors that impact manufacturing productivity in the Indian states. Findings suggest that an effective way to eliminate regional growth inequality in India is to ensure that the lagging states initiate reforms to improve the quality of institutions, regulation and governance. Findings of the study contribute to the limited literature on governance at the regional/sub-national level.
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P. K. Singh, Shweta,. "MFGC: Minimal First Garbage Collection for Monitoring of Context-Aware Victim Selection." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 2s (April 4, 2024): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.1092.
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SSDs based on NAND flash are becoming a feasible secondary storage option for many computer systems. Because NAND flash memory is dif- ferent from regular HDDs, flash-based SSDs frequently have an interface layer known as Flash Translation Layer (FTL). Garbage collection tech- nique is required to free up space. Garbage collection policy is primarily concerned with cleaning costs and wear-leveling. To achieve the above design principles, we have proposed an effective minimal first garbage col- lection termed as MFGC. MFGC manages the blocks in the list, sorted in descending order of erase count. This list is divided into two regions: preference region and alternate region. The adaptive window for victim selection is used, which adapts dynamically as the cleaning cost changes. After the victim selection, effective data identification of valid hot page and valid cold page is done based on threshold and redistribution of them is done to free blocks. A Series of trace simulations is performed to evaluate the performance of proposed approach with other existing approaches. MFGC outperforms GR, CB, CAT, CATA and MCSGC by 85.5%, 77.1%,61.7%, 56.7% and 43.5% respectively.The outcome of the simulation demonstrates that our approach is superior to others in terms of erase and copy operations as well as wear leveling of blocks.
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P. K.Singh, Shweta. "MFGC: Minimal First Garbage Collection for Monitoring of Context-Aware Victim Selection." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 1s (March 28, 2024): 547–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.802.
Full textAbstract:
SSDs based on NAND flash are becoming a feasible secondary storage option for many computer systems. Because NAND flash memory is dif- ferent from regular HDDs, flash-based SSDs frequently have an interface layer known as Flash Translation Layer (FTL). Garbage collection tech- nique is required to free up space. Garbage collection policy is primarily concerned with cleaning costs and wear-leveling. To achieve the above design principles, we have proposed an effective minimal first garbage col- lection termed as MFGC. MFGC manages the blocks in the list, sorted in descending order of erase count. This list is divided into two regions: preference region and alternate region. The adaptive window for victim selection is used, which adapts dynamically as the cleaning cost changes. After the victim selection, effective data identification of valid hot page and valid cold page is done based on threshold and redistribution of them is done to free blocks. A Series of trace simulations is performed to evaluate the performance of proposed approach with other existing approaches. MFGC outperforms GR, CB, CAT, CATA and MCSGC by 85.5%, 77.1%,61.7%, 56.7% and 43.5% respectively.The outcome of the simulation demonstrates that our approach is superior to others in terms of erase and copy operations as well as wear leveling of blocks
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Dwi Nikasari and Agus Purnomo. "Strategi Pengelolaan Sekolah Adiwiyata dalam Mewujudkan Karakter Siswa yang Peduli Lingkungan di SMP Negeri 1 Jetis Ponorogo." Excelencia: Journal of Islamic Education & Management 2, no. 01 (June 10, 2022): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.21154/excelencia.v2i01.520.
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Kepedulian terhadap lingkungan selama ini kurang begitu tercermin di semua elemen masyarakat umum dan secara khusus pada siswa di sekolah. Hal ini berakibat pada menurunnya kualitas lingkungan hidup bahkan hingga punahnya keanekatagaman hayati. Untuk menjawab masalah tersebut, perlu adanya kegiatan pembangunan yang melibatkan nilai-nilai cinta lingkungan. Di SMP Negeri 1 Jetis Ponorogo menerapkan sekolah berbudaya lingkungan, dalam pengelolaansekolah adiwiyata dengan berbagai strategi yang dirasa mampu meningkatkan kepedulian siswaterhadap lingkungan. Hal ini bisa dijadikan salah satu alternatif dari pemecahan masalah tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Keabsahan data diukur dengan ketekunan pengamatan, triangulasi, dan pengecekan. Analisis data meliputi reduksi data, analisis domain, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk: (1) menjelaskan kebijakan sekolah adiwiyata di SMP Negeri 1 Jetis Ponorogo, (2) menjelaskan pelaksanaan kegiatan berbasis partisipasi dan berkelanjutan di SMP Negeri 1 Jetis Ponorogo, (3) menjelaskan faktor pendukung dan penghambat pengelolaan program adiwiyata di SMP Negeri 1 Jetis Ponorogo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) kebijakan sekolah adiwiyata dalam mewujudkan karakter siswa yang peduli lingkungan di SMP Negeri 1 Jetis Ponorogo meliputi pengembangan kebijakan sekolah peduli dan berbudaya lingkungan, pengembangan kurikulum berbasis lingkungan, pengembangan kegiatan berbasis partisipasi, dan pengembagan sarana dan prasarana pendukung. (2) Pelaksanaan kegiatan berbasis partisipasi dan berkelanjutan (3) faktor pendukung meliputi: partisipasi baik dari warga sekolah, dan dari luar yaitu pemerintah dan lingkungan sekitar sekolah baik. Sedangkan faktor penghambat pembuatan kompos yang terhenti,masih ada siswa yang belum dapat membedakan sampah organik dan anorganik.
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Shipman, Thomas N., Ajay K. Prasad, Scott L. Davidson, and Donald R. Cohee. "Particle Image Velocimetry Evaluation of a Novel Oscillatory-Flow Flexible Chamber Mixer." Journal of Fluids Engineering 129, no. 2 (July 10, 2006): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2409347.
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This paper describes a novel oscillatory-flow mixer consisting of a pair of flexible chambers connected by a perforated plate, or septum. During operation, the septum undergoes reciprocating motion such that the two chambers are alternately compressed and expanded. During compression, fluid is forced from one chamber to the other through the septum holes, creating an array of jets that drive the mixing process. Flow characterization within the mixer was conducted using particle image velocimetry. Tests were performed for Reynolds numbers ranging from 4 to 23,000, which encompass the creeping, laminar, and turbulent flow regimes. Results include mean and rms velocity maps, shear rate maps, vertical velocity profiles, and flow development data. The results suggest that the mixer is capable of gentle, continuous stirring (important for biological applications), as well as vigorous agitation. Finally, a comparison between this mixer and other existing mixing technologies is presented.
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Kondej, Mikołaj. "Przełamanie rezultatów wykładni językowej zgodnie z zasadą nadrzędności konstytucji." Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny 81, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/rpeis.2019.81.3.3.
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Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza dopuszczalności przełamania rezultatów wykładni językowej – na podstawie wykładni prokonstytucyjnej – przez odejście od alternatyw interpretacyjnych wynikających z możliwego sposobu rozumienia wyrażeń użytych przez ustawodawcę w treści przepisu. Autor argumentuje w nim, że zasada hierarchiczności aktów prawnych oraz nadrzędności konstytucji w połączeniu z faktem, że ustawa zasadnicza implementuje do porządku prawnego aksjologię będącą podstawą funkcjonowania ładu demokratycznego państwa prawnego, sprawia, iż w sytuacji, gdy zastosowanie litery przepisu prowadzi do rezultatów sprzecznych z zasadami lub wartościami konstytucyjnymi, zastosowanie znaleźć powinna zasada lex superior derogat legi inferiori, co pozwala na przełamanie granicy językowej interpretacji przepisu.
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Kılınç, Fatma Elif, Ferdane Karayel, and Merve Koyuncu. "Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin farklı eğitim yaklaşımlarını bilme durumlarının incelenmesi." Erken Çocukluk Çalışmaları Dergisi 2, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.24130/eccd-jecs.196720182260.
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Bu araştırmada devlet ve özel okullarda görev yapan okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin farklı (alternatif) eğitim yaklaşımlarını bilme durumlarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda Adana, Ankara ve Mersin illerinde belirlenen özel ve devlet okullarındaki 42 okul öncesi öğretmeni araştırmanın çalışma grubunu oluşturmuştur. Katılımcılar amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi olan tipik durum örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenmiştir. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden olgu bilim deseni ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veriler yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme ile toplanmıştır. Araştırmada toplanan veriler betimsel analiz tekniği ile analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularına görev öğretmenlerin farklı eğitim yaklaşımlarını eğitim programına yansıtma düzeylerinin düşük, farklı eğitim yaklaşımları ile ilgili eğitimlere katılımlarının az olduğu görülmüştür. Bir diğer bulguya göre öğretmenlerin MEB’ den beklentilerine yönelik verdikleri en çarpıcı sonuç hizmet içi eğitimlerin içeriğinin zenginleştirilmesi ve eğitim veren kişilerin yeterliğinin artırılması yönünde olmuştur. Bu doğrultuda öğretmenlerin hizmet öncesi ve hizmet içi eğitimlerinde farklı eğitim uygulamalarını içeren eğitimlerin artırılmasının gerekliliği sonucuna varılmaktadır. Özellikle okul öncesi dönemden başlayarak çocuklara demokratik ortamların sunulması, her çocuğun kendine özgü gelişimini, öğrenme hızına ve biçimine göre sürdürebilir şekilde başarı ile sağlamak eğitimin en temel amacı olmalıdır.
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Raghu N. "Design and Implementation of Smart Blind Stick for Obstacle Detection and Navigation System." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 2s (March 31, 2024): 1277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.1770.
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The design, advancement, and evaluation of an IoT -enabled smart stick that can detect and alert users to obstacles is presented in this study to help visually impaired persons traverse the outside world. A water sensor deployed to identify puddles and other wet surfaces in the user's route, and ultrasonic sensors for detecting obstacles are all used in the suggested design. Additionally, after correctly detecting and recognising items, the user receives voice feedback through earphones regarding various obstacles and objects. The suggested smart stick has two modes: the first detects and recognises obstacles and provides speech feedback; the second mode employs ultrasonic sensors for detecting and response through vibration motors to inform about the direction of the obstacle. The suggested method enables users to alternate between the two modes based on their preferences and the surroundings. Additionally, the user's latitude and longitude values are recorded and uploaded to the IoT platform for efficient tracking through global system for wireless communication modules, allowing the user or device to be tracked in real time on the dashboard. An IoT-enabled environment generates an alert signal in the form of an SMS with Google Maps link generated using latitude and longitude coordinates, and this serves as a panic button for emergency assistance. The smart stick's design includes features such a long battery life, size adjustment, waterproofing, and light weight. Robust features, portability, stability, ease of access, and energy efficiency are all guaranteed by the entire design.
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Lewicka-Zelent, Agnieszka. "Skuteczność odbytego dozoru elektronicznego w opinii skazanych mężczyzn." Resocjalizacja Polska, no. 20 (December 29, 2020): 193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.22432/pjsr.2020.20.13.
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W literaturze przedmiotu podkreśla się, że odbywanie kary pozbawienia wolności nie jest skutecznym sposobem zapobiegania kolejnym przestępstwom dokonywanym przez byłych osadzonych. Dlatego poszukuje się alternatyw dla kary izolacyjnej, wśród których wskazuje się objęcie sprawcy dozorem elektronicznym. O ile dość jasne są przepisy prawne dotyczące tego rozwiązania, o tyle nadal niewiele jest danych dotyczących jego skutków. W związku z tym podjęto badania, których celem było poznanie opinii mężczyzn odbywających karę pozbawienia wolności na temat skuteczności dozoru, jakim byli objęci w przeszłości. W badaniu wykorzystano metodę sondażu diagnostycznego i zastosowano kwestionariusz ankiety własnego autorstwa. Uczestniczyło w nim 229 mężczyzn, którzy objęci byli dozorem elektronicznym, a w czasie badania przebywali w warunkach izolacji penitencjarnej. Uzyskane wyniki potwierdzają przewagę pozytywnych opinii skazanych na temat odbytego dozoru. Ta subiektywna ocena nie do końca pokrywa się jednak z obiektywną, dokonywaną w perspektywie powrotności do przestępstwa i stosunkowo niewielkiej uciążliwości SDE traktowanego jako kara. Wyniki badania skłaniają do refleksji nad przeprowadzaniem szczegółowej diagnozy oskarżonych poprzedzającej decyzję sądu o objęciu ich dozorem elektronicznym.
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Kopel, Konrad. "„Umiar” jako spadek – potencjał i ograniczenia tworzenia alternatywy." Perspektywy Kultury 37, no. 2 (June 2, 2022): 185–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.35765/pk.2022.3702.13.
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Pojawiające się projekty alternatyw dla współczesnej hegemonicznej organizacji władzy (rozumianej jako porządek państwowy, kapitalizm, nowoczesność, biowładza itp.) są konstruowane na fundamentach zarówno kulturowo znanych, jak i obcych. Artykuł jest próbą rozpoznania potencjału i ograniczeń „umiaru”, który pozwoliłby na wytworzenie organizacji alter-państwowych. Wychodząc od analizy Rzeczpospolitej Obojga Narodów jako bytu niepaństwowego, autor wskazuje na bardzo ważną rolę „umiaru” w jej mechanizmach wspólnotowych. Rozumiejąc je zgodnie z deleuzjańską koncepcją systemów maszynowych, śledzi je za pomocą narzędzi teoretycznych: sieci wyobrażeniowej oraz pamięci formulicznej i fantasmagorycznej, które pozwalają na określenie potencjalnej pracy „umiaru” we współczesnych projektach alternatywnych organizacji władzy.
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Wajs, Joanna, and Aneta Brodziak. "Zastosowanie frakcji MCT z oleju kokosowego w żywieniu i wpływ na zdrowie." Zywnosc Nauka Technologia Jakosc/Food Science Technology Quality 130, no. 1 (2022): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15193/zntj/2022/130/406.
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Wprowadzenie. Współcześnie trwają zintensyfikowane poszukiwania nowych, innowacyjnych pokarmowych źródeł ochrony ustroju przed patogenami zagrażającymi zdrowiu, a nawet życiu. Jedną z alternatyw stanowi z całą pewnością kokos, a dokładnie frakcja średniołańcuchowych kwasów tłuszczowych, określanych jako MCT, pozyskiwana głównie z jego miąższu. Wyniki i wnioski. Za najzdrowszą formę MCT uważany jest olej kokosowy z pierwszego tłoczenia – VCO. Jak wskazują wyniki badań, kwasy tłuszczowe C6:0-C12:0, stanowiące podstawę oleju MCT, mają działanie przeciwzapalne, przeciwnowotworowe, przeciwcukrzycowe oraz pomagają kontrolować poziom sytości czy lipidów we krwi. Co więcej, wpływają na kształtowanie mikrobiomu nie tylko u ludzi, ale również i zwierząt. Ich szybki metabolizm w ustroju, niewymagający udziału enzymów trzustkowych, umożliwia ich wykorzystanie w cukrzycy czy zaburzeniach trawienia tłuszczu. Ponadto uzupełnienie diety ketogenicznej o MCT, zarówno ludzi, jak i zwierząt cierpiących na padaczkę idiopatyczną, hamuje lub ogranicza występowanie epizodów napadowych. Ze względu na właściwości nawilżające i regenerujące skórę, olej MCT oraz VCO znalazł zastosowanie również w innych gałęziach przemysłu, w tym kosmetycznym. Wyodrębniona frakcja MCT stosowna jest w produkcji karm dla zwierząt lub podawana jest jako odrębny suplement w postaci oleju MCT w diecie szczeniąt czy psów starszych. Podsumowując, ze względu na właściwości prozdrowotne średniołańcuchowe kwasy tłuszczowe znalazły swoje zastosowanie w diecie ludzi, ale też i zwierząt towarzyszących. Możliwość ich wykorzystania z roku na rok nabiera większego znaczenia.
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Puspita, Gita Tresna, Wawan Irmawan, and Dina Pratiwi D.S. "PENGARUH AKTIVITAS SISWA DALAM MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE SCRIPT TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS SISWA." JES-MAT (Jurnal Edukasi dan Sains Matematika) 4, no. 1 (March 27, 2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.25134/jes-mat.v4i1.911.
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Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya kemampuan komunikasi matematis dan kurangnya keaktifan siswa dalam pembelajaran. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh aktivitas siswa dalam model cooperative script terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa, perbedaan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa yang pembelajarannya menggunakan model pembelajaran Cooperative Script �dengan pembelajaran secara konvensional dan untuk mengetahui respons siswa selama pembelajaran menggunakan model cooperative script. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen dengan desain kelompok eksperimen True Experimenal Design (Eksperimen Murni) dengan pola Posttest Only Control Group Design (Kelompok Kontrol Postest). Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII SMP Negeri 2 Mandirancan Kabupaten Kuningan. Sampel dalam penelitian ini, yang terpilih sebagai kelompok eksperimen adalah kelas VII-F dan yang terpilih sebagai kelas kontrol adalah kelas VII-G. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh kesimpulan (1) terdapat pengaruh aktivitas siswa yang signifikan dalam penggunaan model pembelajaran cooperative script terhadap kemampuan komunikasi matematis. (2) terdapat perbedaan kemampuan komunikasi matematis antara siswa yang pembelajarannya menggunakan model cooperative script dengan siswa yang pembelajarannya dengan metode konvensional. (3) analisis respons siswa terhadap pembelajaran matematika menggunakan model cooperative script dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 79% dengan interpretasi kuat. Jadi, model cooperative script ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif dalam pembelajaran, karena dapat meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis siswa.
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Vaibhav V. Deshpande. "EWFAIGF: Design of an Efficient Model for Enhancing Energy Efficiency in IoT-Based Wireless Sensor Networks through Fuzzy AHP and Iterative Grey Wolf Jelly Fish Optimization." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 5s (April 13, 2024): 2512–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.2691.
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In the realm of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the quest for enhanced energy efficiency remains paramount, given their pivotal role in facilitating the Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Existing methodologies often grapple with the dual challenge of optimizing energy consumption while ensuring robust data transmission, thereby limiting their efficacy in dynamic, resource-constrained environments. This work introduces a novel paradigm that meticulously addresses these constraints, thereby heralding a significant leap towards optimizing WSNs' operational efficiency. At the core of our proposed model lies the integration of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (Fuzzy AHP)-based clustering, which ingeniously segregates nodes by leveraging multi-criteria such as location, energy efficiency, and temporal performance. This clustering serves as a precursor to the application of an innovative Iterative Grey Wolf Jelly Fish Optimizer (GWJFO). The GWJFO stands out by its strategic prowess in delineating optimal routing paths, thus minimizing energy expenditure and enhancing data relay efficiency. Furthermore, our model is fortified with a Q Learning Method, ingeniously designed to identify and execute optimal alternate routing paths through a Make Before Break strategy. This addition not only mitigates potential faults but also significantly boosts computational efficiency and packet delivery performance. Empirical validation through real-time network simulations underscored the model's superiority, demonstrating a 9.5% improvement in communication speed, an 8.5% increase in energy efficiency, a 4.5% improvement in packet delivery performance under fault conditions, a 10.4% rise in throughput, and a 5.9% enhancement in network consistency over existing benchmarks. This groundbreaking work not only paves the way for more energy-efficient WSNs but also sets a new standard in achieving high-performance metrics essential for the next generation of IoT applications. The implications of these advancements extend beyond mere technical enhancements, offering a beacon for future research in the domain, potentially revolutionizing the way we deploy and manage sensor networks in an array of applications.
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Shao, Yuan, Richard F. MacLehose, Lifeng Lin, Jooyeon Hwang, Bruce H. Alexander, Jeffrey H. Mandel, and Gurumurthy Ramachandran. "A Bayesian Approach for Determining the Relationship Between Various Elongate Mineral Particles (EMPs) Definitions." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 64, no. 9 (November 2020): 993–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxaa074.
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Abstract A variety of dimensions (lengths and widths) of elongate mineral particles (EMPs) have been proposed as being related to health effects. In this paper, we develop a mathematical approach for deriving numerical conversion factors (CFs) between these EMP exposure metrics and applied it to the Minnesota Taconite Health Worker study which contains 196 different job exposure groups (28 similar exposure groups times 7 taconite mines). This approach comprises four steps: for each group (i) obtain EMP dimension information using ISO-TEM 10312/13794 analysis; (ii) use bivariate lognormal distribution to characterize overall EMP size distribution; (iii) use a Bayesian approach to facilitate the formation of the bivariate lognormal distribution; (iv) derive conversion factors between any pair of EMP definitions. The final CFs allow the creation of job exposure matrices (JEMs) for alternative EMP metrics using existing EMP exposures already characterized according to the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-defined EMP exposure metric (length >5 µm with an aspect ratio ≥3.0). The relationships between the NIOSH EMP and other EMP definitions provide the basis of classification of workers into JEMs based on alternate definitions of EMP for epidemiological studies of mesothelioma, lung cancer, and non-malignant respiratory disease.
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Kai Wang, Jiahui Gu, Zhijun Feng, Feng Zhang, Hui Zhang,. "Application of Statistical Features in Vibro-acoustic Signals to Detect Early Browning Disorder in Pears Compared with Food Chemistry Method." Journal of Electrical Systems 20, no. 2 (April 4, 2024): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.1125.
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- Browning in pears is one of the most serious diseases in pear fruit, which is caused by Alternaria alternata. The browning process is accompanied by changes in the chemical properties of the fruit, which affect its taste and nutritional composition. Additionally, as a typical postharvest disease, internal browning in pears can cause fruit tissue decay during storage that can reduce the shelf stability of fruit, and bring serious losses to sellers. Because it is difficult to identify the browning pears by appearance, a non-destructive detection technology is highly desirable to correctly discriminate a pear at the early stage of browning for increasing the market value. Firstly, 11 and 7 statistical features were calculated from the time-domain and frequency-domain, respectively. Then, sensitive features in time-domain set, frequency-domain set and combined feature set were selected by the distance evaluation technology, respectively. These selected features were used to train classifier based on K-nearest neighbor algorithm under different K-values. With the selected combined features adopted, the constructed KNN classifier performed the best classification performance. It allowed a high overall accuracy of 91.8 % to classify the healthy and browning pears. Also, the F1 value of 92.6 % indicated that the classifier can be successfully generalized. Therefore, the classification model established in this study is effective for identifying the early browning disorder in pear fruit.
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Leszczyński, Dariusz. "Wyzwania dla związków zawodowych w dobie bieżącego kryzysu ekonomicznego w Unii Europejskiej." Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne, no. 4 (May 22, 2019): 77–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssp.2016.4.5.
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Procesy zachodzące w gospodarce państw tworzących Unię Europejską cechuje wyraźna symultaniczność, względny progres PKB odnotowywany w Europie Północnej kontrastuje z dysolucją struktur na Południu, postrzeganym zarówno poprzez pryzmat załamania gospodarki, jak i implozję niezadowolenia społecznego. Bezrobocie i towarzyszące temu zjawisku negatywne aspekty tworzą niebezpieczną bazę konfliktów, dezorganizujących i wyniszczających każde społeczeństwo. Wydarzenia te niejednokrotnie pogłębia kryzys strukturalny i instytucjonalny, szczególnie mocno identyfikowany z obszarami pozbawionymi bodźców innowacyjności, oparty na niewykorzystaniu mocy wytwórczych i braku alternatyw. Obok inwersji rozwoju gospodarczego, w mniejszym lub większym stopniu dotykającym wszystkie kraje, nie mniej ważną jest płaszczyzna relacji społecznych, która w swoim zasięgu obejmuje zagadnienia dotyczące rynku pracy i wyzwań dotyczących budowy nowego kształtu ustroju społecznego, obligując wszystkie podmioty sporu do koabitacji.
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Qin Xie, Qin Xie. "Construction of Personalized Movie Recommendation Model Relying on Recurrent Neural Network." Journal of Electrical Systems 19, no. 4 (January 25, 2024): 159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/jes.630.
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Recommendation system and classification machine learning techniques have emerged as a major area of investigation into the issue of information overload. Software tools called "recommender systems" aim to help users make informed choices about services. This paper developed a low-dimensional embedding in which a limited number of features can be used to represent the data object. For the purpose of acquiring the low rank latent factors, matrix factorization techniques have received a lot of attention. The proposed model is stated as the Collaborative Filtering Machine Learning (CFML) for the multi-label classification are focused. In most extreme edge lattice factorization plan of cooperative sifting, appraisals framework with different discrete qualities is treated by uncommonly stretching out pivot misfortune capability to suit numerous levels. The comparative analysis is performed for the two-class classifier into a single multi-class classifier. Alternately, multiple two-class classifiers can be arranged in a hierarchical fashion to create a multi-class classifier. To deal with the ordinal rating matrix's completion. The performance of the CFML model is effective for the recommendation system design. Through automatic feature extraction and pattern recognition, deep learning models excel at capturing intricate relationships and latent factors that underlie user preferences. The paper discusses the multifaceted considerations that these systems can incorporate, such as genre, cast, director, viewer ratings, and individual viewing history. Simulation analysis examine the impact of deep learning-based movie recommenders on streaming platforms and the entertainment industry, demonstrating their ability to not only suggest movies but to curate a personalized journey through the world of cinema.
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Lobasyuk, B. A., L. N. Akimova, A. N. Stoyanov, and A. V. Zamkovaya. ". Reflection of individual typological properties in the tremorogram (Predicting the indicators of Rusalov’s test according to the indicators of the tremorogram)." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 11, no. 5 (May 28, 2021): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2021.11.05.022.
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Rationale for choosing. An increase in physiological tremor (Tr) in emotionally saturated situations is reflected not only in fiction, but also in scientific literature. In other words, tremors and emotional responses are interconnected. Purpose. To investigate the reflection of individual-typological properties in a tremorogram using V. M. Rusalov’s mathematical modeling. Material and methods. Tr was recorded using a linear transducer. Tr was recorded under postural load (arms extended forward). The sensor was alternately placed on the outstretched right and left arms in front of oneself, under conditions of “eyes open” (operative rest). The analysis of the tremorogram (TrG) files was carried out after the end of the study using the "Analist - 2" software according to the half - period analysis algorithm. To study the individual psychological characteristics of the personality, we used the method of determining the properties of the temperament by V.M. Rusalov. Each of the many indicators of Rusalov’s test selected in the analysis was considered as a target feature (Y-s), and the amplitudes and frequencies of TrG were considered as influencing variables (sets of X - s) and multiple linear regression equations of the form were built: The parameters of the amplitude and frequency of EEG rhythms were used as Xs. Own research. In multiple regression analysis of the influence of TrG indices of the right hand on the indices of Rusalov’s test, 12 statistically significant regression coefficients were determined, and 11 statistically significant regression coefficients for the left hand. After obtaining the diagnostic equations of multiple linear regression, describing the influence of TrG indicators on the indicators of Rusalov’s test, an attempt was made, using these equations, to obtain the indicators of Rusalov’s test, using the tremor indicators. On average, the% discrepancy between the determined and predicted indicators was 97.42% for the right hand, and 101.98 for the left. Conclusions. 1. With the use of diagnostic equation, it was possible to predict the indicators of psychological testing according to Rusalov’s test by the indicators of tremor of the right and left hands.2. Influence of Rusalov’s test indicators on TrG indicators were less in modulus than the influence of TrG indicators on the indicators of Rusalov’s test, i.e. did not participate in the control of the mechanisms of TrG generation.3. The results obtained indicate that tremor indicators contain information about the subject-activity and communicative aspects of temperament according to V. M. Rusalov.
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Pańczak, Martyna. "Nuda i eksces w „Zdarzeniach na brygu Banbury” Witolda Gombrowicza." Stan Rzeczy, no. 2(11) (November 1, 2016): 167–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.51196/srz.11.10.
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Artykuł jest omówieniem oryginalnego ujęcia nudy w opowiadaniu Witolda Gombrowicza Zdarzenia na brygu Banbury. Znużenie ogarniające załogę tytułowego statku, równoznaczne z egzystencjalnym impasem, zostało przedstawione jako efekt ścierania się dwu niemożliwych do pogodzenia dążeń – typowo ludzkiej troski o utrzymanie czystości i porządku oraz pragnienia wyjścia poza ustalone granice prawa czy tożsamości, które wzmaga się wraz z doznaniem bliskości i intensywności pozaludzkiego świata. Nuda to siła związana ze sferą nieokiełznanej natury i nieracjonalnych popędów. Stanowi zagrożenie dla integralności ludzkiego Ja, dlatego główny bohater broni się przed nią ze wstrętem. Jednocześnie nuda to doświadczenie odsłaniające umowność reguł obowiązujących w świecie, skłaniające tym samym do wyobrażenia sobie alternatyw. Na statku Banbury rozbudzona przez nudę fantazja prowokuje marynarzy do buntu afirmującego bezwstyd i eksces homoerotycznego pożądania.
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Nowak, Martyna. "Opłata stosunkowa w przypadku dobrowolnego spełnienia świadczenia przez dłużnika w aspekcie rozwojowym — analiza ekonomiczna." Studenckie Prace Prawnicze, Administratywistyczne i Ekonomiczne 36 (August 18, 2021): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1733-5779.36.5.
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Celem niniejszego artykułu jest analiza zmian legislacyjnych dotyczących problematyki opłaty stosunkowej w kontekście dobrowolności spełnienia świadczenia przez dłużnika w trakcie trwającego już postępowania egzekucyjnego. Analiza została przeprowadzona na podstawie wybranych aspektów ekonomicznych. Akcent w pracy położony został zarówno na kontekst rozwojowy danej instytucji, jak i na wybraną przez autora metodę jej analizy — ekonomiczną analizę prawa. Posługując się pewnymi założeniami ekonomicznymi (racjonalność wyboru, minimalizacja kosztów, założenie ceteris paribus), dokonano próby oceny instytucji prawnej pod kątem jej efektywności ekonomicznej w ogólności oraz w ujęciu jednostkowym. Analiza regulacji prawnej związana z naliczaniem opłaty stosunkowej w dobrowolnym spełnieniu świadczenia przez dłużnika umożliwia wskazanie różnego rodzaju alternatyw decyzyjnych przysługujących osobie dłużnika i wybranie wariantu, który powinien spełniać następujące kryteria: maksymalizować zysk oraz minimalizować straty podmiotu zainteresowanego.
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Wei, Bojian, Shuhong Gong, Renxian Li, Igor Minin, Oleg Minin, and Leke Lin. "Optical Force on a Metal Nanorod Exerted by a Photonic Jet." Nanomaterials 12, no. 2 (January 13, 2022): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12020251.
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In this article, we study the optical force exerted on nanorods. In recent years, the capture of micro-nanoparticles has been a frontier topic in optics. A Photonic Jet (PJ) is an emerging subwavelength beam with excellent application prospects. This paper studies the optical force exerted by photonic jets generated by a plane wave illuminating a Generalized Luneburg Lens (GLLs) on nanorods. In the framework of the dipole approximation, the optical force on the nanorods is studied. The electric field of the photonic jet is calculated by the open-source software package DDSCAT developed based on the Discrete Dipole Approximation (DDA). In this paper, the effects of the nanorods’ orientation and dielectric constant on the transverse force Fx and longitudinal force Fy are analyzed. Numerical results show that the maximum value of the positive force and the negative force are equal and appear alternately at the position of the photonic jet. Therefore, to capture anisotropic nanoscale-geometries (nanorods), it is necessary to adjust the position of GLLs continuously. It is worth emphasizing that manipulations with nanorods will make it possible to create new materials at the nanoscale.