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Academic literature on the topic 'Alpine zone'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 19 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Alpine zone"

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Wan, H., X. Y. Wang, P. Guo, and X. Y. Jin. "DIGITAL EXTRACTION AND CHANGE ANALYSIS OF ALTITUDINAL NATURAL ZONES IN TIANSHAN TOMUR NATURAL HERITAGE SITE." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W10 (February 7, 2020): 649–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w10-649-2020.

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Abstract. The Tomur Natural Heritage Site possesses the most typical altitudinal natural zones on the south slope of the Tianshan Mountains. Five altitudinal zones have developed on the south faced slope, including: warm temperate desert zone, mountain steppe zone, alpine meadow zone, alpine cushion vegetation zone and ice-snow zone. The demarcation elevation of the altitudinal natural zones on the south slope was extracted based on surface classification data, DEM and NDVI of the 1992 and 2016 Landsat TM/OLI data. The results showed that the demarcation elevation between the warm temperate desert zone and the mountain steppe zone rose by 6 m, the mountain steppe zone and the alpine meadow zone fell by 25 m, the alpine meadow zone and the alpine cushion vegetation zone moves up by 26 m, and the lower limit of the ice-snow zone rose by 11 m.
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Joshi, H., and Sher Samant. "Change in structural and compositional diversity with altitude: a study from Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve (NDBR), West Himalaya, India." Indian Journal of Forestry 37, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps1000-2014-km91x3.

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This paper describes the structural and compositional pattern of forest communities in the temperate and sub-alpine zones of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve. It gives information about 344 species belonging to 227 genera and 95 families of vascular plants recorded between 2100 to 3600m amsl. These species include 40 trees, 64 shrubs and 240 herbaceous species distributed within 13 forest communities. It was found that the density of trees, seedlings, saplings and shrubs was higher in temperate zone than sub-alpine zone. However, density of herbs was lower in temperate zone in comparison to sub-alpine zone. This paper also gives information on distribution of native, endemic, economically important and rare-endangered species in different communities. Finally, the communities and species have been prioritized for conservation.
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Dakskobler, Igor, Boštjan Surina, and Tone Wraber. "Phytosociological analysis of acidophytic alpine mat-grass swards in the Julian Alps and the Karawanks." Hacquetia 21, no. 2 (July 9, 2022): 253–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hacq-2022-0006.

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Abstract Acidophytic alpine mat-grass swards are rare in the alpine belt of the predominantly calcareous Southeastern Alps of Slovenia, mostly occurring where limestone is admixed with marlstone or chert. Those for which we were able to make phytosociological relevés can be classified mainly into two syntaxa: Carici curvulae-Nardetum strictae vaccinietosum gaultherioidis and Sieversio-Nardetum strictae vaccinietosum. At slightly lower elevations, in the forest zone of the subalpine plateau Pokljuka, we found similar swards occupying small areas in frost hollows with luvisol on limestone. They include character species of various subalpine-alpine sward and snow bed communities and are classified into the syntaxon Homogyno alpinae-Nardetum scorzoneroidetosum croceae.
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Williams, Jack N., Virginia G. Toy, Cécile Massiot, David D. McNamara, Steven A. F. Smith, and Steven Mills. "Controls on fault zone structure and brittle fracturing in the foliated hanging wall of the Alpine Fault." Solid Earth 9, no. 2 (April 23, 2018): 469–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-9-469-2018.

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Abstract. Three datasets are used to quantify fracture density, orientation, and fill in the foliated hanging wall of the Alpine Fault: (1) X-ray computed tomography (CT) images of drill core collected within 25 m of its principal slip zones (PSZs) during the first phase of the Deep Fault Drilling Project that were reoriented with respect to borehole televiewer images, (2) field measurements from creek sections up to 500 m from the PSZs, and (3) CT images of oriented drill core collected during the Amethyst Hydro Project at distances of ∼ 0.7–2 km from the PSZs. Results show that within 160 m of the PSZs in foliated cataclasites and ultramylonites, gouge-filled fractures exhibit a wide range of orientations. At these distances, fractures are interpreted to have formed at relatively high confining pressures and/or in rocks that had a weak mechanical anisotropy. Conversely, at distances greater than 160 m from the PSZs, fractures are typically open and subparallel to the mylonitic or schistose foliation, implying that fracturing occurred at low confining pressures and/or in rocks that were mechanically anisotropic. Fracture density is similar across the ∼ 500 m width of the field transects. By combining our datasets with measurements of permeability and seismic velocity around the Alpine Fault, we further develop the hierarchical model for hanging-wall damage structure that was proposed by Townend et al. (2017). The wider zone of foliation-parallel fractures represents an outer damage zone that forms at shallow depths. The distinct < 160 m wide interval of widely oriented gouge-filled fractures constitutes an inner damage zone. This zone is interpreted to extend towards the base of the seismogenic crust given that its width is comparable to (1) the Alpine Fault low-velocity zone detected by fault zone guided waves and (2) damage zones reported from other exhumed large-displacement faults. In summary, a narrow zone of fracturing at the base of the Alpine Fault's hanging-wall seismogenic crust is anticipated to widen at shallow depths, which is consistent with fault zone flower structure models.
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Cripps, Cathy, Ursula Eberhardt, Nicole Schuetz, Henry Beker, Vera Evenson, and Egon Horak. "The genus Hebeloma in the Rocky Mountain Alpine Zone." MycoKeys 46 (February 11, 2019): 1–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.46.32823.

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Numerous taxa ofHebelomahave been reported in association withSalix,Dryas, andBetulain arctic-alpine habitats. However, species are notoriously difficult to delineate because morphological features overlap, and previously there was little reliable molecular data available. Recent progress in ITS-sequencing within the genus, coupled with an extensive database of parametrically described collections, now allows comparisons between species and their distributions. Here we report 16 species ofHebelomafrom the Rocky Mountain alpine zone from some of the lowest latitudes (latitude 36°–45°N) and highest elevations (3000–4000 m) for arctic-alpine fungi in the northern hemisphere. Twelve of these species have been reported from arctic-alpine habitats in Europe and Greenland and are now molecularly confirmed from the Middle and Southern Rockies, greatly expanding their distribution. These are:Hebelomaalpinum,H.aurantioumbrinum,H.dunense,H.hiemale,H.marginatulum,H.mesophaeum,H.nigellum,H.oreophilum,H.subconcolor,H.spetsbergense,H.vaccinum, andH.velutipes. Hebelomahygrophilumis known from subalpine habitats in Europe, but was never recorded in arctic-alpine ecology. Three species recorded from the Rockies, but as yet not reported from Europe, areH.alpinicola,H.avellaneum, andH.excedens. The last two have never previously been reported from an arctic-alpine habitat. For all three of these species, the holotypes have been studied morphologically and molecularly, and have been incorporated into the analysis.
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Tricart, Pierre, Stephane Schwartz, Christian Sue, Gerard Poupeau, and Jean-Marc Lardeaux. "La denudation tectonique de la zone ultradauphinoise et l'inversion du front brianconnais au sud-est du Pelvoux (Alpes occidentales); une dynamique miocene a actuelle." Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 172, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/172.1.49.

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Abstract In the western Alps, to the southeast of the Pelvoux massif (Champsaur-Embrunais-Brianconnais-Queyras transect), the Brianconnais zone consists of the southern tip of the Zone Houillere and small nappes of Mesozoic sediments, emplaced during the Eocene in HP-LT metamorphic conditions. During the Oligocene this tectonic pile was thrusted onto a late Eocene to early Oligocene flexural basin, deformed in low grade metamorphic conditions and belonging to the Ultradauphine zone. This major thrust, called here CBF [Chevauchement Brianconnais Frontal: Tricart 1986] represents the boundary between the external and the internal zones of the western Alps. It contains thin tectonic lenses of Subbrianconnais origin, so that the Brianconnais Front and the Penninic Front almost merge. Late Alpine extension. - We have recently discovered that the CBF was subsequently reactivated as an extensional detachment. This major negative inversion is associated with widespread extension in the internal (Brianconnais and Piemont) zones, resulting in multiscale normal faulting. Current field work in the Queyras area shows that this brittle multitrend extension is a continuation of the ductile extension that accompanied the exhumation of blue-schist bearing metamorphic units. Along the same transect, the external (Ultradauphine) zone was not affected by late-Alpine extension. This is still the present situation: to the east of the aseismic Pelvoux massif, the CBF bounds the Brianconnais seismic arc, the activity of which may be the continuation of the late-Alpine extension. At the scale of the western Alpine arc, active extensional-transtensional tectonics dominate in the internal zones while compressional uplift affects the external zone. In this contrasted stress field, the thrust-fault zone between internal and external arcs plays a major role of decoupling that can be demonstrated in several sites between the area analysed here and the Central Alps, including along the Ecors profile. Contribution of thermochronology. - In this paper, we compare apatite fission track (FT) ages from both sides of the inverted CBF to the southeast of the Pelvoux massif. In the hangingwall of the CBF, two ages were obtained from magmatic intrusions within the Zone houillere, close to Briancon. They are compared to recently published ages from the Champsaur Sandstones unit in the footwall of the CBF, along the same transect.
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von Gosen, W. "Fabric developments and the evolution of the Periadriatic Lineament in southeast Austria." Geological Magazine 126, no. 1 (January 1989): 55–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800006142.

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AbstractThe Periadriatic Lineament Zone which forms the boundary between the Eastern and Southern Alps in the Karawanken region of Austria has a complex history spanning the Variscan and Alpine orogenies. Variscan regional metamorphism and polyphase deformation followed by Late to Post Variscan intrusive activity with accompanying contact metamorphism affects a belt of structurally complex rocks referred to as the Eisenkappel Zone to the north of the lineament. Weak Early Alpine deformation in the Southern Alpine rocks can also be recognized in the Eisenkappel Zone. The Young Alpine intrusion of the Karawanken Tonalite was followed by lateral fault displacements associated with the formation of the Periadriatic Lineament. Late Tertiary sediments, caught up in the northward directed thrusting responsible for the uplift of the Karawanken chain, record the youngest deformation in the area.
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Schuck, Bernhard, Anja M. Schleicher, Christoph Janssen, Virginia G. Toy, and Georg Dresen. "Fault zone architecture of a large plate-bounding strike-slip fault: a case study from the Alpine Fault, New Zealand." Solid Earth 11, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): 95–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-11-95-2020.

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Abstract. New Zealand's Alpine Fault is a large, plate-bounding strike-slip fault, which ruptures in large (Mw>8) earthquakes. We conducted field and laboratory analyses of fault rocks to assess its fault zone architecture. Results reveal that the Alpine Fault Zone has a complex geometry, comprising an anastomosing network of multiple slip planes that have accommodated different amounts of displacement. This contrasts with the previous perception of the Alpine Fault Zone, which assumes a single principal slip zone accommodated all displacement. This interpretation is supported by results of drilling projects and geophysical investigations. Furthermore, observations presented here show that the young, largely unconsolidated sediments that constitute the footwall at shallow depths have a significant influence on fault gouge rheological properties and structure.
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Froitzheim, Nikolaus, and Stefan M. Schmid. "Orogenic processes in the Alpine collision zone." Swiss Journal of Geosciences 101, S1 (September 2008): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00015-008-1296-7.

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Ioannidi, Paraskevi Io, Samuel Angiboust, Onno Oncken, Philippe Agard, Johannes Glodny, and Masafumi Sudo. "Deformation along the roof of a fossil subduction interface in the transition zone below seismogenic coupling: The Austroalpine case and new insights from the Malenco Massif (Central Alps)." Geosphere 16, no. 2 (February 13, 2020): 510–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02149.1.

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Abstract A network of fossil subduction plate interfaces preserved in the Central Alps (Val Malenco, N Italy) is herein used as a proxy to study deformation processes related to subduction and subsequent underplating of continental slices (in particular the Margna and Sella nappes) at depths reported to in the former brittle-ductile transition. Field observations, microfabrics, and mapping revealed a network of shear zones comprising mostly mylonites and schists but also rare foliated cataclasites. These shear zones are either located at the contacts of the two nappes or within the boundaries of the Sella unit. Microprobe results point to two different white mica generations, with higher-pressure (Si-rich) phengites rimming lower-pressure (Si-poor) phengites. Garnet is locally observed overgrowing resorbed pre-Alpine cores. Pressure-temperature estimates based on pseudosection modeling point to peak burial deformation conditions of ∼0.9 GPa and 350–400 °C, at ∼30 km depth. Rb/Sr geochronology on marbles deformed during the Alpine event yields an age of 48.9 ± 0.9 Ma, whereas due to incomplete recrystallization, a wide range of both Rb/Sr and 40Ar/39Ar apparent ages is obtained from deformed orthogneisses and micaschists embracing 87–44 Ma. Based on our pressure-temperature, structural and geochronological observations, the studied shear zones last equilibrated at depths downdip of the seismogenic zone in an active subduction zone setting. We integrate these new results in the frame of previous studies on other segments of the same Alpine paleosubduction interface, and we propose that this system of shear zones represents deformation conditions along the subduction interface(s) in the transition zone below the seismogenic zone during active subduction.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alpine zone"

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Lhotellier, Rémi. "Spatialisation des températures en zone de montagne alpine." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005GRE10201.

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Les mesures de la plupart des paramètres climatiques sont effectuées ponctuellement, dans les stations d'un réseau d'une densité souvent inégale. De nombreuses applications nécessitent pourtant des valeurs climatiques en tout point de leur champ d'étude. Cette thèse propose une évaluation du niveau d'incertitude pour la spatialisation des températures en zone de montagne et la mise au point d'une démonstration de la relation échelle / méthode, puis la quantification des apports des méthodes en fonction de l'échelle d'application visée. Le sujet comprend donc, comme premier travail, la mise en place d'une méthode pour la spatialisation des températures, c'est à dire une modélisation expliquant les variations spatiales des températures : quels facteurs agissent, font varier les températures, et dans quelles proportions ? La réalisation de modèles, à différentes échelles, s'accompagne d'une interpolation (reconstitution des champs thermiques par l'application des modèles précédemment créés). La recherche combine un travail sur Systèmes d'Information Géographique, et les variables spatiales extraites de ces derniers : occupation du sol, relief, pente, exposition, ensoleillement, etc. ), ainsi qu'un usage fréquent de méthodes statistiques (régressions simples, régressions multiples, analyses de variance, analyses en composantes principales, etc. ) Les simulations constituent l'étape finale, une fois les spatialisations terminées et les validations des modèles effectuées. Les données géographiques sont principalement fournies par le laboratoire SEIGAD et l'Institut Géographique National, les connaissances et les données météorologiques proviennent de Météo-France (relevés de températures minimales et maximales quotidiennes, types de temps, modèle SAFRAN. . . )
Most of climatic parameters are measured at point locations, in climatological stations of an often unequal density network. However, many applications need climatic values at any point of the studied field. This PhD thesis proposes an evaluation of the uncertainty level for spatialization of temperatures in mountainous areas and a demonstration of the scale/method relation, then a quantification of the benefits of each method according to the scale of concerned applications. The subject thus includes, firstly, some developments of spatialization methods for temperatures, explaining spatial variations of temperatures: which factors work, make change the temperatures, and in which proportions? The realization of models, at various scales, is accompanied by an interpolation (reconstitution of the thermal fields by application of the previously computed models). This research includes a work on geographical information systems, and spatial variables extracted from them : land cover, relief, slope, aspect, radiation, etc), as well as a frequent use of statistical methods (univariate regressions, multivariate regressions, variance analysis, principal component analysis, etc. ) Simulations are the final step, once spatializations are finished and validations are carried out. Geographical data are mainly provided by the SEIGAD laboratory and the French National Geographical Institute, weather knowledge and data come from Météo-France (daily minimum and maximum temperatures, weather types, SAFRAN model. . . )
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Vuichard, Jean-Paul. "La marge austro-alpine durant la collision alpine : evolution tectonometamorphique de la zone sesia-lanzo." Rennes 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN10129.

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L'objectif de l'etude est de discuter la cinematique des etapes precoces de la collision (evenement eoalpin) dans les alpes occidentales et de definir l'histoire de l'epaississement dans la partie interne de l'arc alpin. L'unite choisie est la zone sesia-lanzo qui represente la partie distale de la marge apulienne. Apres une description des unites, l'evolution p-t-t des trois unites de la zone (gneiss minuti, seconde zone diorito-kinzigitique iidk, micaschistes eclogitiques) est etudiee. Deux deformations alpines majeures sont identifiees. On montre que la zone sesia-lanzo est le resultat de deux empilements. Enfin, un schema d'evolution tectonique est propose pour les alpes occidentales et la cinematique de collision est discutee
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Scherrer, Pascal, and n/a. "Monitoring Vegetation Change in the Kosciuszko Alpine Zone, Australia." Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040715.125310.

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This thesis examined vegetation change over the last 43 years in Australia's largest contiguous alpine area, the Kosciuszko alpine zone in south-eastern Australia. Using historical and current data about the state of the most common vegetation community, tall alpine herbfield, this thesis addressed the questions: (1) what were the patterns of change at the species/genera and life form levels during this time period; (2) what were the patterns of recovery, if recovery occurred, from anthropogenic disturbances such as livestock grazing or trampling by tourists; (3) what impacts did natural disturbances such as drought have on the vegetation and how does it compare to anthropogenic disturbances; and (4) What are the benefits, limitations and management considerations when using long-term data for assessing vegetation changes at the species/genera, life form and community levels? The Kosciuszko alpine zone has important economic, cultural and ecological values. It is of great scientific and biological importance, maintaining an assemblage of vegetation communities found nowhere else in the world. It is one of the few alpine regions in the world with deep loamy soils, and contains endemic flora and fauna and some of the few periglacial and glacial features in Australia. The area also forms the core of the Australian mainland's most important water catchment and is a popular tourist destination, offering a range of recreational opportunities. The vegetation of the Kosciuszko alpine zone is recovering from impacts of livestock grazing and is increasingly exposed to pressures from tourism and anthropogenic climate change. At the same time, natural disturbances such as drought and fire can influence the distribution, composition and diversity of plants. Thus, there is a need for detailed environmental data on this area in order to: (1) better understand ecological relationships; (2) understand existing and potential effects of recreational and management pressures on the region; (3) provide data against which future changes can be assessed; and (4) provide better information on many features of this area, including vegetation, for interpretation, education and management. The research in this thesis utilised three types of ecological information: (1) scientific long-term datasets; (2) photographic records; and (3) a comparison of disturbed and undisturbed vegetation. This research analysed data from one of the longest ongoing monitoring programs in the Australian Alps established by Alec Costin and Dane Wimbush in 1959. Permanent plots (6 transects and 30 photoquadrats) were established at two locations that differed in the time since grazing and have been repeatedly surveyed. Plots near Mt Kosciuszko had not been grazed for 15 years and had nearly complete vegetation cover in 1959, while plots near Mt Gungartan showed extensive impacts of grazing and associated activities which only ceased in 1958. Some transect data from 1959 to 1978 have been analysed by the original researchers. The research presented in this thesis extends this monitoring program with data from additional surveys in 1990, 1999 and 2002 and applies current methods of statistical evaluation, such as ordination techniques, to the whole data set for the first time. Results indicated that the recovery from livestock grazing and the effects of drought have been the main factors affecting vegetation. Recovery from livestock grazing at the three transects at Gungartan was slow and involved: (1) increasing genera diversity; (2) increasing vegetation cover; (3) decreasing amounts of bare ground; and (4) a directional change over time in species composition. Patterns of colonisation and species succession were also documented. In 2002, 44 years after the cessation of grazing, transects near Mt Gungartan had similar vegetation cover and genera diversity to the transects near Mt Kosciuszko, but cover by exposed rock remained higher. A drought in the 1960s resulted in a temporary increase of litter and a shift in the proportional cover of life forms, as grasses died and herb cover increased at both locations. Proportions of cover for life forms reverted to pre-drought levels within a few years. The results also highlighted the spatial variability of tall alpine herbfield. The photoquadrats were surveyed in the years 1959, 1964, 1968, 1978 and 2001 and are analysed for the first time in this thesis. After comparing a range of methods, visual assessment using a 130 point grid was found to be the most suitable technique to measure vegetation cover and genera diversity. At the 18 quadrats near Mt Gungartan, there was a pattern of increasing vegetation cover as bare areas were colonised by native cudweeds and the naturalized herb Acetosella vulgaris. Revegetation from within bare areas largely occurred by herb species, while graminoids and shrub species predominately colonised bare ground by lateral expansion from the edges, eventually replacing the colonising herbs. At the 12 quadrats near Mt Kosciuszko, vegetation cover was almost complete in all years surveyed except 1968, which was at the end of a six year drought. Similar to the results from the transect study, the drought caused an increase in litter at both locations as graminoid cover declined. Initially herb cover increased, potentially as a result of decreased competition from the graminoids and a nutrient spike from decaying litter, but as the drought became more severe, herb cover also declined. Graminoid cover rapidly recovered after the drought, reaching pre-drought levels by 1978, and was at similar levels in 2001. Herb cover continued to decline after peaking in 1964. The photoquadrat study also documented the longevity and growth rates of several species indicating that many taxa may persist for several decades. It further provided insights into replacement patterns amongst life forms. In addition to assessing vegetation change following livestock grazing and drought at the long-term plots, recovery from tourism impacts was examined by comparing vegetation and soils on a closed walking track, with that of adjacent undisturbed tall alpine herbfield at a series of 22 paired quadrats. Fifteen years after the track was closed there was limited success in restoration. Over a quarter of the closed track was still bare ground with non-native species the dominant vegetation. Plant species composition differed and vegetation height, soil nutrients and soil moisture were lower on the track which had a higher compaction level than adjacent natural vegetation. The results presented in this thesis highlight that tall alpine herbfield is characterised by nearly entire vegetation cover which is dominated by graminoids, followed by herbs and shrubs in the absence of disturbance by livestock grazing, trampling or drought. The studies also showed that under quot;average" conditions, the relative cover of herbs and graminoids remained fairly stable even though there can be considerable cycling between them. Spatial variability in terms of taxa composition was high. The only common introduced species in unrehabilitated sites was Acetosella vulgaris, which was effective at colonising bare ground but was eventually replaced by other native species. However, in areas actively rehabilitated, such as on the closed track, non-native species introduced during revegetation efforts still persist with high cover 15 years after their introduction. Monitoring of vegetation change is also important at the landscape scale. This thesis provides a review of the potential use, the limitations and the benefits of aerial photography to examine vegetation change in the Kosciuszko alpine zone. Numerous aerial photography runs have been flown over the area since the 1930s for government agencies, industry and the military. Some of these records have been used to map vegetation communities and eroding areas at a point in time. Other studies compared different types and scales of photographs, highlighting in particular the benefits and potential of large scale colour aerial photography to map alpine vegetation. However, despite their potential to assess vegetation change over time, a temporal comparison of vegetation in the Kosciuszko alpine zone from aerial photographs has not been completed to this date. Historical photographs may not be easy to locate or access and difficulties with vegetation classification may restrict the practicality of using historical aerial photographs to assess vegetation change. Despite these issues, aerial photography may provide a very useful and efficient tool to assess changes over time when applied appropriately, even in alpine environments. The development of digital classification techniques, the application of statistical measures of error to both methodology and data, and the application of geographic information systems are likely to further improve the practicality of historical aerial photographs for the detection of vegetation change and assist in overcoming some of the limitations. The results presented in this thesis highlight the need for limiting disturbance, for ongoing rehabilitation of disturbed areas and for long-term monitoring in the Kosciuszko alpine zone. The results contribute to our understanding of how vegetation may change in the future and may be affected by new land use activities and climate change. This type of information, which otherwise would require the establishment of long-term studies and years of monitoring, can assist land managers of this and other important protected areas. The study highlights how the use and expansion of already existing datasets to gather ecological information can save considerable money and time, providing valuable data for current and emerging issues.
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Dempsey, Edward Damien. "The kinematics, rheology, structure and anisotropy of the Alpine schist derived Alpine fault zone mylonites, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.539562.

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Anders, Birte. "The pre-alpine evolution of the basement of the Pelagonian Zone and the Vardar Zone, Greece." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=976127741.

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Allen, Charles Edward. "Alpine Soil Geomorphology: The Development and Characterization of Soil in the Alpine-Subalpine Zone of the Wallowa Mountains, Oregon." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5217.

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Alpine soils are young, poorly developed soils that occur above treeline. This study investigates soils located in the alpine-subalpine zone of the Wallowa Mountains, northeast Oregon. Parent material, topography, and vegetation are the most influential pedogenic factors in the high alpine landscape of the Wallowas. Soil samples were collected from the Eagle Cap Wilderness Area of the Wallowas at three mountain locations: Eagle Cap, Sacajawea, and Matterhorn. Catenas were studied in the Windblown and Minimum Snowcover zones to examine different pedogenic factors, according to the Synthetic Alpine Slope model. · Field and laboratory testing characterized the alpine soils as predominantly loamy-sands with weak structural development. The 1:1 water pH values range from 6.5 to 7.3, and the soil hues are lOYR and 2. SY in color. Soil classification characterized Eagle Cap soils as Andisols: Lithic and Typic Haplocryands. The Matterhorn and Sacajawea residuum was not classified. Parent material influence on soil development was more noticeable on granodiorite than basalt, reflecting the propensity of granodiorite to weather rapidly. Marble and shale sites lacked soil development. All the soils exhibited eolian influence, determined from silt mineralogy results. While this component did not dominate the soils as in other alpine areas, its presence was ·proven by quartz and feldspars in soils developed on marble and calcite in soils developed on granodiorite. Sodium fluoride (NaF) pH tests indicate that there is also a high aluminum content in the alpine soils, probably due to influx of Mazama volcanic ash. Krummholz and alpine turf increase the organic content of the soil, although soils beneath krummholz were not as deep. This is partially due to decreased snowcover, subsequent lack of moisture, and different parent material. All soils show a decrease in organic carbon with depth indicating that bioturbation was either low, or the soil recovered from the disturbance rapidly. Organocutans found on the bottom of rocks in the B horizon illustrate organic trans location. The increase in pH with depth shows the influence of surficial organic matter, translocated dusts, and ash. Nunatak and landmass influence on soil development was undetermined.
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Duc, Laurence Duc Laurence. "Diazotrophic microorganisms in the root zone of alpine pioneer plants : populations, functions and interactions /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=18327.

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Meisterhans, Edwin Meisterhans Edwin. "Vegetationsentwicklung auf Skipistenplanierungen in der alpinen Stufe bei Davos = Development of vegetation on levelled ski runs in the alpine zone near Davos /." Zürich : Geobotanisches Institut der ETH, 1988. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=8462.

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Vuichard, Jean-Paul. "La marge austroalpine durant la collision alpine : évolution tectonométamorphique de la zone de Sesia-Lanzo." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1988. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675912.

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Dans les -Alpes occidentales la collision a superposé, de bas en haut, unités européennes, océaniques et apuliennes. L'objectif de l'étude est (1) de préciser la cinématique des étapes précoces de la collision (événement éoalpin) et (2) de définir l'histoire de l'épaississement dans la partie interne de l'arc alpin. L'unité choisie est la zone Sesia-Lanzo, qui représente la partie distale de la marge apulienne. Après une description des unités, l'évolution P-T-t des trois unités majeures de la zone Sesia-Lanzo ("gneiss minuti", seconde zone diorito-kinzigitique (IIDK) et "micaschistes éclogitiques") est étudiée. Ces trois unités ont subi des histoires tectonométamorphiques différentes. La construction d'un multisystème KFMASH s'appliquant aux métapélites de haute pression montre une condordance entre les relations de \phases prédites et les associations observées. L'étude des relations de phases dans les métapélites de haute pression nous permet de mettre en évidence de faibles différences de conditions du métamorphisme éciogitique entre la IIDK et les "micaschistes éclogitiques". Les conditions P-T sont de l'ordre de 16 kbar, 550-600 DC dans la partie interne des "micasr:histes éclogitiques" et d'environ 14 kbar, 500 DC dans la IIDK. L'analyse de la déformation dans la zone Sesia-Lanzo fait l'objet d'une étude détaillée. Deux déformations alpines majeures sont identifiées. La première se déroule dans les conditions du faciès éclogite. Elle est forte et globalement homogène dans l'unité des "micaschistes éclogitiques". L'orientation des linéations d'étirement fini synéclogitiques est en moyenne N150. Cette déformation est associee à la mise en place de la IIDK sur les "micaschistes éclogitiques" du SE vers le NW. La deuxième déformation se déroule dans les conditions du faciès schiste vert. Elle est intense dans l'unité des "gneiss minuti". La deuxième déformation est associée au chevauchement vers l'ouest de l'ensemble IIDK + "micaschistes éclogitiques" sur les "gneiss minuti". La zone Sesia-Lanzo est donc le résultat de deux empilements. Au cours de l'événement éoalpin, la IIDK chevauche l'uni té des "micaschistes éclogitiques". L.es "gneiss minuti" sont probablement situés au-dessus de la IIDK. Lors du deuxième événement, l'édifice précédent est découpé. L'ensemble IIDK + "micaschistes éclogitiques" est charrié sur les "gneiss minuti". Les observations effectuées dans la zone Sesia-Lanzo sont ensuite confrontées aux données disponibles dans la partie interne des Alpes occidentales. Un schéma d'évolution tectonique est proposé pour les Alpes occidentales. La cinématique de la collision au cours de l'événement éoalpin est discutée.
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Vuichard, Jean-Paul. "La Marge austroalpine durant la collision alpine : évolution tectonométamorphique de la zone de Sesia-Lanzo /." Rennes : Centre armoricain d'étude structurale des socles, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35058569c.

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Books on the topic "Alpine zone"

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Funghi alpini delle zone alpine superiori e inferiori: Alpine fungi from the upper and lower Alpine zones. Trento: AMB Fondazione, Centro studi micologici, 2008.

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Froitzheim, Nikolaus, and Stefan M. Schmid, eds. Orogenic Processes in the Alpine Collision Zone. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-9950-4.

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Froitzheim, Nikolaus. Orogenic Processes in the Alpine Collision Zone. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2009.

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Lichens above treeline: A hiker's guide to alpine zone lichens of the Northeastern U.S. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, 2005.

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Vuichard, J. P. La marge austroalpine durant la collision alpine: Évolution tectonométamorphique de la zone Sesia-Lanzo. Rennes, France: Centre armoricain d'étude structurale des socles, LP CNRS no 4661, Université de Rennes I, Campus de Beaulieu, 1989.

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Meisterhans, Edwin. Vegetationsentwicklung auf Skipistenplanierungen in der alpinen Stufe bei Davos =: Development of vegetation on levelled ski runs in the alpine zone near Davos. Zürich: Geobotanisches Institut ETH, Stiftung Rübel, 1988.

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Davis, Larry R. A comparison of the breeding bird communities in Seral stages of the Engelmann Spruce -Sub-alpine Fir Zone in East Central British Columbia. Victoria: Crown Publications, 1999.

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1935-, Watts David, ed. The plant geography of Korea with an emphasis on the alpine zones. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic, 1993.

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Szwed, Wojciech. Ecological scale of chosen vascular plants of the subalpine and alpine zones in Babia Góra massif. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawn. Nauk., 1986.

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M, Cuccu, and Rossi Paolo A, eds. La strega, il teologo, lo scienziato: Atti del Convegno "Magia, stregoneria e superstizione in Europa e nella zona alpina", Borgosesia, 1983. Genova: Edizioni culturali internazionali, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "Alpine zone"

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Körner, Christian. "The alpine life zone." In Alpine Plant Life, 9–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-98018-3_2.

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Körner, Christian. "The alpine life zone." In Alpine Plant Life, 23–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59538-8_2.

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Körner, Christian. "The alpine life zone." In Alpine Plant Life, 9–20. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18970-8_2.

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Souchez, Roland A., and Reginald D. Lorrain. "The Basal Zone of Alpine Glaciers." In Springer Series in Physical Environment, 140–63. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58187-8_5.

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Froitzheim, Nikolaus, and Stefan M. Schmid. "Orogenic processes in the Alpine collision zone." In Orogenic Processes in the Alpine Collision Zone, S1—S3. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-9950-4_1.

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Schmid, S. M. "Ivrea Zone and Adjacent Southern Alpine Basement." In Pre-Mesozoic Geology in the Alps, 567–83. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84640-3_33.

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Herwartz, Daniel, Carsten Münker, Erik E. Scherer, Thorsten J. Nagel, Jan Pleuger, and Nikolaus Froitzheim. "Lu-Hf garnet geochronology of eclogites from the Balma Unit (Pennine Alps): implications for Alpine paleotectonic reconstructions." In Orogenic Processes in the Alpine Collision Zone, S173—S189. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-9950-4_10.

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Kurz, Walter, Robert Handler, and Christian Bertoldi. "Tracing the exhumation of the Eclogite Zone (Tauern Window, Eastern Alps) by 40Ar/39Ar dating of white mica in eclogites." In Orogenic Processes in the Alpine Collision Zone, S191—S206. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-9950-4_11.

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Luth, Stefan W., and Ernst Willingshofer. "Mapping of the post-collisional cooling history of the Eastern Alps." In Orogenic Processes in the Alpine Collision Zone, S207—S223. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-9950-4_12.

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Danišík, Martin, Milan Kohút, István Dunkl, L’ubomír Hraško, and Wolfgang Frisch. "Apatite fission track and (U-Th)/He thermochronology of the Rochovce granite (Slovakia) — implications for the thermal evolution of the Western Carpathian-Pannonian region." In Orogenic Processes in the Alpine Collision Zone, S225—S233. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7643-9950-4_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Alpine zone"

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Hinsch, Ralph. "Indications of Deep Marine Fans in the Early Miocene Foredeep of Lower Austria: A Potential New Play." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208133-ms.

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Abstract The petroleum province in Lower Austria resulted from the Alpine collision and the subsequent formation of the Vienna Basin. OMV is active in this area since its foundation in 1956. Several plays have been successfully tested and produced in this complex geological region. The main exploration focus is currently on the deep plays. However, this paper proposes a so far unrecognized and therefore undrilled play in a shallower level to broaden OMV's portfolio in Austria. Seismic re-interpretations of reprocessed 3D seismic data and structural reconstructions were used to review some of the existing plays and get novel ideas from improved understanding of processes. In the frontal accretion zone of the Alpine wedge, the Waschberg-Ždánice zone discoveries are limited to the frontal thrust unit and associated structures. The more internal parts of the thrust belt have only sparsely been drilled and are perceived not to have high-quality reservoir rocks. The detailed structural interpretations indicated that the foredeep axis during the Early Miocene was positioned in the thrust sheet located directly in front of the advancing Alpine wedge (comprising the eroding Rhenodanubian Flysch in its frontal part). Seismic amplitude anomalies can be interpreted to represent Lower Miocene basin floor and slope fans. Nearby wells did not penetrate these fans but drilled instead shale-dominated lithologies. Thus, the presence of potential sand-rich fans in front of the advancing alpine wedge is considered a potential new play in Lower Austria. Analogues are found in Upper Austria some 250 km to the West, where several large gas fields in Lower Miocene deposits located in front of the advancing Alpine wedge have been discovered by another operator. In that area the fans are only partly involved in the fold-thrust belt. In Lower Austria, these fans are located within the rear thrust sheet(s), providing a structural component to a mixed structural-stratigraphic trap. Two potential charge mechanism can be considered: a) biogenic gas charge from the organic matter of surrounding shales (like the Upper Austria analogues) or b) oil charge via the thrust fault planes from the Jurassic Mikulov Formation (the proven main source rock in the broader area). Our results add to the understanding of the Miocene structural-stratigraphic evolution of the Alpine collision zone. The definition of a potential new play may add significant value to OMV's upstream efforts in a very mature hydrocarbon province.
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Anissimov, L. "Reduced Sulfur Species in the Alpine Zone of Europe - Lithostratigraphic and Structural Control." In 64th EAGE Conference & Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.5.p305.

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Moravec, Bryan G., Alissa White, Robert A. Root, Bradley J. Carr, Jennifer McIntosh, and Jon Chorover. "RESOLVING CRITICAL ZONE STRUCTURE AND WEATHERING PROFILES ACROSS A GEOLOGICALLY COMPLEX SUB-ALPINE WATERSHED." In GSA Annual Meeting in Phoenix, Arizona, USA - 2019. Geological Society of America, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2019am-339364.

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Munroe, Jeffrey S. "PROPERTIES OF MODERN DUST ACCUMULATING IN THE ALPINE ZONE OF THE UINTA MOUNTAINS, UTAH." In GSA Annual Meeting in Indianapolis, Indiana, USA - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018am-321386.

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Hinckley, Eve-Lyn. "Rapid Warming in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, U.S.: The Alpine Critical Zone Under Transition." In Goldschmidt2022. France: European Association of Geochemistry, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2022.12424.

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Wang Hua-Jing, Xu Liu-Xing, Ning Long-Mei, Du Juan, and Huang Hui. "Vertical distribution and impact factors of soil organic carbon in an alpine-cold zone of Northwest Sichuan." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetce.2011.5775296.

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Kaiser, A. E., H. Horstmeyer, A. G. Green, F. Campbell, R. M. Langridge, and A. F. McClymont. "Imaging of the Shallow Alpine Fault Zone (New Zealand) Using 2D and Pseudo 3D Seismic Reflection Data." In Near Surface 2010 - 16th EAGE European Meeting of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20144824.

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Hochscheid, Flora, Marc Ulrich, Manuel Muñoz, Damien Lemarchand, and Gianreto Manatschal. "Geochemical Study of Serpentinization along an Ocean-Continent Transition Zone: The Alpine Tethys as a Case Study (SE-Switzerland)." In Goldschmidt2020. Geochemical Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46427/gold2020.1041.

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Nazarevych, A., L. Nazarevych, and H. Bayrak. "Seismotectonics of the Oash and Transcarpathian Faults Junction Zone as a Reflection of the “Alpine” and “Terrain” Geodynamics of the Ukrainian Carpathians." In 16th International Conference Monitoring of Geological Processes and Ecological Condition of the Environment. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.2022580138.

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Yankov, Peter, Deyan Todorov, and Svetoslav Simeonov. "CHARACTERISTICS OF INCIDENTS AND INJURIES IN SKI AREA BOROVETS DURING THE 2019/2020 SEASON." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/93.

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ABSTRACT Although in Bulgaria there is a sub-law from the Law of Tourism regulating the security and safety of the users of the ski slopes in Bulgaria, not enough attention is paid to the point of view of reasons for the accidents, feedback, and prevention of injuries in the snow sports. Another argument underlying the relevance of the topic is the more frequent intervention of experts in snow sports from NSA “Vassil Levski”, which has been invited as an experts in the preparation of sports-technical expertise for occurred accidents on the slopes. This study aims to research the type of accidents and traumas in ski zone Borovets for 2019/ 2020 year on various indications – an hour of occurrence of the trauma, slope complexity, type of the trauma, and type of ski or snowboard equipment. The tasks reviewed as determine the type of trauma with ski and snowboarding. Methods used: frequency analysis, analysis of documents, comparative analysis. Summary of results: the total number of accidents on the slopes of ski zone Borovets for season 2019/2020 is 455. The skiing accidents are nearly 8 times as many as the snowboarding ones. We distributed the traumas into four sub-groups: head, body, legs, and arms. It appeared that the biggest number of traumas is the ones of the legs, followed by those of the arms. In slope accidents, the most common trauma is on the knee joints, followed by shoulder and lower leg injuries. From those traumas, we reviewed the most severe traumas – the fractures. The most registered fractures are the ones of the lower leg and the collarbones. Conclusions: Borovets is in second place in incidents in Bulgaria for the period. The highest percent of the traumas are the ones of the lower limbs, registered in the alpine ski. The incidents occur mainly on blue slopes.
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Reports on the topic "Alpine zone"

1

Allen, Charles. Alpine Soil Geomorphology: The Development and Characterization of Soil in the Alpine-Subalpine Zone of the Wallowa Mountains, Oregon. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.7093.

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Moreno Martín, Diana, and Rubén Díez Fernández. El basamento metamórfico en el sector oriental del Sistema Central: evolución tectonotermal varisca. Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Geólogos, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21028/dmm.2021.02.18.

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El basamento metamórfico del sector occidental de la Península Ibérica se configuró durante la Orogenia Varisca, fruto de la colisión entre Gondwana, Laurrusia y otros terrenos peri-continentales adyacentes que dio lugar a Pangea. Este basamento forma parte de la microplaca ibérica y se deformó durante la Orogenia Alpina junto con el resto de rocas sedimentarias del Mesozoico. El análisis tectonometamórfico del registro varisco en el sector oriental del Sistema Central, junto con datos regionales previos, y un análisis de las deformaciones alpinas sobreimpuestas, han permitido la reconstrucción local de la evolución tectónica ligada al ensamblado del último supercontinente. La primera fase de deformación corresponde con el engrosamiento cortical generado en los comienzos de la colisión continental, y se preserva en forma de relictos minerales formados durante este proceso. A la segunda fase se le atribuye la formación de la foliación principal, que está ligada al desarrollo de una zona de cizalla dúctil extensional responsable de la atenuación del sobreengrosamiento cortical previo, así como del reequilibrio térmico. La tercera fase de deformación produce pliegues erguidos y un clivaje de crenulación a partir de la foliación principal, y tiene lugar en un momento en el que la colisión continental de Gondwana y Laurrusia prosigue.
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