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Academic literature on the topic 'Alpine soils'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Alpine soils"

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Doolette, Ashlea L., Ronald J. Smernik, and Timothy I. McLaren. "The composition of organic phosphorus in soils of the Snowy Mountains region of south-eastern Australia." Soil Research 55, no. 1 (2017): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sr16058.

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Few studies have considered the influence of climate on organic phosphorus (P) speciation in soils. We used sodium hydroxide–ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (NaOH–EDTA) soil extractions and solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to investigate the soil P composition of five alpine and sub-alpine soils. The aim was to compare the P speciation of this set of soils with those of soils typically reported in the literature from other cold and wet locations, as well as those of other Australian soils from warmer and drier environments. For all alpine and sub-alpine soils, the majority of P detected was in an organic form (54–66% of total NaOH–EDTA extractable P). Phosphomonoesters comprised the largest pool of extractable organic P (83–100%) with prominent peaks assigned to myo- and scyllo-inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6), although trace amounts of the neo- and d-chiro-IP6 stereoisomers were also present. Phosphonates were identified in the soils from the coldest and wettest locations; α- and β-glycerophosphate and mononucleotides were minor components of organic P in all soils. The composition of organic P in these soils contrasts with that reported previously for Australian soils from warm, dry environments where inositol phosphate (IP6) peaks were less dominant or absent and humic-P and α- and β-glycerophosphate were proportionally larger components of organic P. Instead, the soil organic P composition exhibited similarities to soils from other cold, wet environments. This provides preliminary evidence that climate is a key driver in the variation of organic P speciation in soils.
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Lu, Xuyang, Shuqin Ma, Youchao Chen, Degyi Yangzom, and Hongmao Jiang. "Squalene Found in Alpine Grassland Soils under a Harsh Environment in the Tibetan Plateau, China." Biomolecules 8, no. 4 (November 20, 2018): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom8040154.

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Squalene is found in a large number of plants, animals, and microorganisms, as well as other sources, playing an important role as an intermediate in sterol biosynthesis. It is used widely in the food, cosmetics, and medicine industries because of its antioxidant, antistatic, and anti-carcinogenic properties. A higher natural squalene component of lipids is usually reported as being isolated to organisms living in harsh environments. In the Tibetan Plateau, which is characterized by high altitude, strong solar radiation, drought, low temperatures, and thin air, the squalene component was identified in five alpine grasslands soils using the pyrolysis gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) technique. The relative abundance of squalene ranged from 0.93% to 10.66% in soils from the five alpine grasslands, with the highest value found in alpine desert and the lowest in alpine meadow. Furthermore, the relative abundance of squalene in alpine grassland soils was significantly negatively associated with soil chemical/microbial characteristics. These results indicate that the extreme environmental conditions of the Tibetan Plateau may stimulate the microbial biosynthesis of squalene, and the harsher the environment, the higher the relative abundance of soil squalene.
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Wagner, Andreas O., Katrin Hofmann, Eva Prem, and Paul Illmer. "Methanogenic activities in alpine soils." Folia Microbiologica 57, no. 4 (April 17, 2012): 371–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12223-012-0145-2.

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Kashulina, Galina M. "Overview of recent soil investigations in the Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute." Transaction Kola Science Centre 12, no. 6-2021 (December 31, 2021): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2307-5252.2021.6.12.9.037.

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In the last two decades, Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden carried out soil studies on the Kola Peninsula and Svalbard in several directions: soil genetics and morphology of natural and damaged soils, complex landscape monitoring of the environment, complex biogeochemical environmental studies, soil ecology, and fertility of manmade soils in botanical garden.
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Streit, Kathrin, Frank Hagedorn, David Hiltbrunner, Magdalena Portmann, Matthias Saurer, Nina Buchmann, Birgit Wild, Andreas Richter, Sonja Wipf, and Rolf T. W. Siegwolf. "Soil warming alters microbial substrate use in alpine soils." Global Change Biology 20, no. 4 (February 5, 2014): 1327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12396.

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Broll, Gabrielle. "Diversity of soil organisms in alpine and arctic soils in Europe. Review an research needs." Pirineos 151-152 (December 30, 1998): 43–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/pirineos.1998.v151-152.118.

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McDaniel, Marshall D., Marcela Hernández, Marc G. Dumont, Lachlan J. Ingram, and Mark A. Adams. "Disproportionate CH4 Sink Strength from an Endemic, Sub-Alpine Australian Soil Microbial Community." Microorganisms 9, no. 3 (March 15, 2021): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030606.

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Soil-to-atmosphere methane (CH4) fluxes are dependent on opposing microbial processes of production and consumption. Here we use a soil–vegetation gradient in an Australian sub-alpine ecosystem to examine links between composition of soil microbial communities, and the fluxes of greenhouse gases they regulate. For each soil/vegetation type (forest, grassland, and bog), we measured carbon dioxide (CO2) and CH4 fluxes and their production/consumption at 5 cm intervals to a depth of 30 cm. All soils were sources of CO2, ranging from 49 to 93 mg CO2 m−2 h−1. Forest soils were strong net sinks for CH4, at rates of up to −413 µg CH4 m−2 h−1. Grassland soils varied, with some soils acting as sources and some as sinks, but overall averaged −97 µg CH4 m−2 h−1. Bog soils were net sources of CH4 (+340 µg CH4 m−2 h−1). Methanotrophs were dominated by USCα in forest and grassland soils, and Candidatus Methylomirabilis in the bog soils. Methylocystis were also detected at relatively low abundance in all soils. Our study suggests that there is a disproportionately large contribution of these ecosystems to the global soil CH4 sink, which highlights our dependence on soil ecosystem services in remote locations driven by unique populations of soil microbes. It is paramount to explore and understand these remote, hard-to-reach ecosystems to better understand biogeochemical cycles that underpin global sustainability.
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Meyer, A. F., D. A. Lipson, A. P. Martin, C. W. Schadt, and S. K. Schmidt. "Molecular and Metabolic Characterization of Cold-Tolerant Alpine Soil Pseudomonas Sensu Stricto." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 1 (January 2004): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.1.483-489.2004.

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ABSTRACT Alpine soils undergo dramatic temporal changes in their microclimatic properties, suggesting that the bacteria there encounter uncommon shifting selection gradients. Pseudomonads constitute important members of the alpine soil community. In order to characterize the alpine Pseudomonas community and to assess the impact of shifting selection on this community, we examined the ability of cold-tolerant Pseudomonas isolates to grow on a variety of carbon sources, and we determined their phylogenetic relationships based on 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. We found a high prevalence of Pseudomonas in our soil samples, and isolates from these soils exhibited extensive metabolic diversity. In addition, our data revealed that many of our isolates form a unique cold-adapted clade, representatives of which are also found in the Swedish tundra and Antarctica. Our data also show a lack of concordance between the metabolic properties and 16S phylogeny, indicating that the metabolic diversity of these organisms cannot be predicted by phylogeny.
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Acharya, S. N., B. A. Darroch, R. Hermesh, and J. Woosaree. "Salt stress tolerance in native Alberta populations of slender wheatgrass and alpine bluegrass." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 72, no. 3 (July 1, 1992): 785–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps92-094.

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Alpine bluegrass [Poa alpina L.] and slender wheatgrass [Elymus trachycaulus (Link.) Gould ex Shinners] accessions from alpine and subalpine regions of the Canadian Rocky Mountains and eastern foothills were tested for tolerance to salinity stress. Accessions with higher emergence (%) than salt-tolerant Orbit tall wheatgrass [Thinopyrum elongatum (Host) D. R. Dewey, comb, nov.], after 21 d in vermiculite saturated with a NaCl-salinized half-Hoagland solution (electrical conductivity 15 dS m−1) and nurtured in growth cabinets set to repeat 20/15 °C day (16-h)/night temperatures, were considered tolerant of salt-stress. This test identified 72 alpine bluegrass and 11 slender wheatgrass salt-tolerant accessions. Most of these accessions originated from two specific sites near the Alberta-British Columbia border. Slender wheatgrass accessions tolerant to NaCl were also tolerant to the other salts commonly found in Alberta soils. In slender wheatgrass, the ability to emerge in a salinized nutrient solution had moderate heritability (61–68%), suggesting the possibility of genetic improvement through selection.Key words: Salt tolerance, selection, heritability, alpine bluegrass, slender wheatgrass
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Xiao-gang, Li, Feng-min Li, Bhupinderpal-Singh, Rengel Zed, and Zhan Zheng-yan. "Soil management changes organic carbon pools in alpine pastureland soils." Soil and Tillage Research 93, no. 1 (March 2007): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.still.2006.04.003.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alpine soils"

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Allen, Charles Edward. "Alpine Soil Geomorphology: The Development and Characterization of Soil in the Alpine-Subalpine Zone of the Wallowa Mountains, Oregon." PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5217.

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Alpine soils are young, poorly developed soils that occur above treeline. This study investigates soils located in the alpine-subalpine zone of the Wallowa Mountains, northeast Oregon. Parent material, topography, and vegetation are the most influential pedogenic factors in the high alpine landscape of the Wallowas. Soil samples were collected from the Eagle Cap Wilderness Area of the Wallowas at three mountain locations: Eagle Cap, Sacajawea, and Matterhorn. Catenas were studied in the Windblown and Minimum Snowcover zones to examine different pedogenic factors, according to the Synthetic Alpine Slope model. · Field and laboratory testing characterized the alpine soils as predominantly loamy-sands with weak structural development. The 1:1 water pH values range from 6.5 to 7.3, and the soil hues are lOYR and 2. SY in color. Soil classification characterized Eagle Cap soils as Andisols: Lithic and Typic Haplocryands. The Matterhorn and Sacajawea residuum was not classified. Parent material influence on soil development was more noticeable on granodiorite than basalt, reflecting the propensity of granodiorite to weather rapidly. Marble and shale sites lacked soil development. All the soils exhibited eolian influence, determined from silt mineralogy results. While this component did not dominate the soils as in other alpine areas, its presence was ·proven by quartz and feldspars in soils developed on marble and calcite in soils developed on granodiorite. Sodium fluoride (NaF) pH tests indicate that there is also a high aluminum content in the alpine soils, probably due to influx of Mazama volcanic ash. Krummholz and alpine turf increase the organic content of the soil, although soils beneath krummholz were not as deep. This is partially due to decreased snowcover, subsequent lack of moisture, and different parent material. All soils show a decrease in organic carbon with depth indicating that bioturbation was either low, or the soil recovered from the disturbance rapidly. Organocutans found on the bottom of rocks in the B horizon illustrate organic trans location. The increase in pH with depth shows the influence of surficial organic matter, translocated dusts, and ash. Nunatak and landmass influence on soil development was undetermined.
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Papanikolaou, Niki D. "Response of alpine heathland soils to environmental change and land management." Thesis, Available from the University of Aberdeen Library and Historic Collections Digital Resources, 2008. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?application=DIGITOOL-3&owner=resourcediscovery&custom_att_2=simple_viewer&pid=25204.

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Shrestha, Hari Ram. "Post-fire recovery of carbon and nitrogen in sub-alpine soils of South-eastern Australia /." Connect to thesis, 2009. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/6963.

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The forests of south-eastern Australia, having evolved in one of the most fire-prone environments in the world, are characterized by many adaptations to recovery following burning. Thus forest ecosystems are characterized by rapid regenerative capacity, from either seed or re-sprouting, and mechanisms to recover nutrients volatilized, including an abundance of N2 fixing plants in natural assemblages. Soil physical, chemical and biological properties are directly altered during fire due to heating and oxidation of soil organic matter, and after fire due to changes in heat, light and moisture inputs. In natural ecosystems, carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) lost from soil due to fires are recovered through photosynthesis and biological N2 fixation (BNF) by regenerating vegetation and soil microbes.
This study investigated post-fire recovery of soil C and N in four structurally different sub-alpine plant communities (grassland, heathland, Snowgum and Alpine ash) of south-eastern Australia which were extensively burnt by landscape-scale fires in 2003. The amount and isotopic concentration of C and N in soils to a depth of 20 cm from Alpine ash forest were assessed five years after fire in 2008 and results were integrated with measurements taken immediately prior to burning (2002) and annually afterwards.
Because the historical data set, comprised of three soil samplings over the years 2002 to 2005, consisted of soil total C and N values which were determined as an adjunct to 13C and 15N isotopic studies, it was necessary to establish the accuracy of these IRMS-derived measurements prior to further analysis of the dataset. Two well-established and robust methods for determining soil C (total C by LECO and oxidizable C by the Walkley-Black method) were compared with the IRMS total C measurement in a one-off sampling to establish equivalence prior to assembling a time-course change in soil C from immediately pre-fire to five years post-fire. The LECO and IRMS dry combustion measurements were essentially the same (r2 >0.99), while soil oxidizable C recovery by the Walkley-Black method (wet digestion) was 68% compared to the LECO/IRMS measurements of total C. Thus the total C measurement derived from the much smaller sample size (approximately 15 mg) combusted during IRMS are equivalent to LECO measurement which require about 150 mg of sample.
Both total C and N in the soil of Alpine ash forests were significantly higher than soils from Snowgum, heathland and grassland communities. The ratio of soil NH4+ to NO3- concentration was greater for Alpine ash forest and Snow gum woodland but both N-fractions were similar for heathland and grassland soils. The abundance of soil 15N and 13C was significantly depleted in Alpine ash but both isotopes were enriched in the heathland compared to the other ecosystems. Abundance of both 15N and 13C increased with soil depth.
The natural abundance of 15N and 13C in the foliage of a subset of non-N2 fixing and N2 fixing plants was measured as a guide to estimate BNF inputs. Foliage N concentration was significantly greater in N2 fixers than non-N2 fixers while C content and 13C abundance were similar in both functional groups. Abundance of 15N was depleted in the N2 fixing species but was not significantly different from the non-N2 fixers to confidently calculate BNF inputs based on the 15N abundance in the leaves.
The total C pool in soil (to 20 cm depth) had not yet returned to the pre-fire levels in 2008 and it was estimated that such levels of C would be reached in another 6-7 years (about 12 years after the fire). The C and N of soil organic matter were significantly enriched in 15N and 13C isotopes after fire and had not returned to the pre-fire levels five years after the fire. It is concluded that the soil organic N pool can recover faster than the total C pool after the fire in the Alpine ash forests.
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Peacock, Simon. "Sulphur dynamics of the alpine soils in a Scottish catchment at risk from acidification." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270744.

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The adsorption of sulphate has been studied using alpine and sub-alpine podzolic soils from the Allt a'Mharcaidh catchment, Cairngorms, Scotland, U.K. A detailed investigation of sulphur pools and mechanisms of sulphur retention has revealed that incoming sulphate ion, both marine and anthropogenic, is being retained by a range of adsorption mechanisms. Analysis of the soils has indicated that the sulphur content of the soils is dominated by organic forms of sulphur. Selective chemical fractionation techniques have identified an accumulation of sesquioxides, dominated by amorphous aluminium, in the basal horizons of all the soil profiles. Adsorption of sulphate has been shown to be mainly governed by the quantity and variable charge character of this sesquioxide phase. Fractionation has also suggested that the sesquioxides in the basal horizons of the soils are dominated by a combination of gibbsitic and imogolitic materials, the latter being present as a result of podzolization processes. The generation of sulphate adsorption isotherms has revealed that the organic horizons of the catchment soils show little or no sulphate adsorption capacity, due to a small sesquioxide content. In contrast, the mineral horizons are all capable of adsorbing sulphate, and in most cases this adsorption can be modelled to the Langmuir adsorption equation. The adsorption capacity of particle size fractions of the soils has revealed that even soil particles > 1 mm show an ability to retain sulphate, possibly by physical entrapment of soil solution in mineral pores or amorphous silica gel coatings. The accompanying hydroxyl release that is generally assumed to accompany adsorption of sulphate in the mineral soils was not evident, and unless a ligand exchange reaction was masked by other chemical reactions involving total proton balance, sulphate adsorption in the catchment soils is not due to a specific or 'low affinity' specific mechanism.
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Wu, Ronggui. "The effect of land use on soil fertility and phosphorus dynamics in sub-alpine grassland soils of Gansu, China." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ63939.pdf.

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Squires, Carolyn. "An Assessment of Trampling Impact on Alpine Vegetation, Fiordland and Mount Aspiring National Parks, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Environmental Science, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1494.

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The objectives of this study were two fold. The first was to quantify the nature and extent of current levels of human impact in alpine areas at four sites within Fiordland and Mount Aspiring National Parks along walking tracks at Key Summit, Gertrude Saddle, Borland Saddle and Sugarloaf Pass. In order to do so, a survey was carried out with transects placed perpendicular to the track, and distributed among different vegetation types. In each transect, plant structural and compositional aspects, and soil and environmental parameters were measured. Transects were divided into track, transition, undisturbed and control zones, and changes to dependent variables were compared with distance from the track centre. Damage from visitor impact was largely restricted to within 1m from the track centre. The most significant impacts were to structural aspects of plant and soil properties with significant reductions in plant height, total vegetation cover and bryophyte cover, and increases in bareground and erosion on tracks. Erosion was more prevalent on slopes greater than 25°, while tracks on peat soils contained greater bareground exposure, particularly of organic soil. The second study objective was to investigate the relationship between specific levels of impact and the resulting damage to two key alpine vegetation types, tussock herb field and cushion bog. This was undertaken by carrying out controlled trampling experiments, measuring changes to plant structural and compositional aspects four weeks and one year after treatment. Both vegetation types saw dramatic reductions in total vegetation cover and height immediately after trampling, however overall composition and species richness varied little. These two alpine vegetation types showed moderate-low resistance to initial impact and low resilience, with very little recovery evident one year later. Research intothese two areas is important for managing visitor use within alpine areas in order to meet conservation and recreation goals. The survey indicates that alpine community types are very sensitive to visitor use, showing significant structural damage, however the spatial extent of impact is limited within the broader landscape. Instead, visitor impacts associated with tracks are likely to be more visually and aesthetically significant, influencing the visitor experience. The trampling experiments indicate that use levels over 25-75 passes per year within tussock herbfield and cushion bog vegetation on peat soils will result in ongoing damage to previously undisturbed sites. Methods for minimising impacts include limiting visitor numbers, public education in low impact practices, redirection of tracks and use to areas that are less sensitive, the dispersal of visitor activity at very low use intensities (less than 75 direct passes per year) and the concentration of activity on tracks above this level.
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Jenkins, Meaghan Edith Biological Earth &amp Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "Carbon cycling in sub-alpine ecosystems." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/44822.

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The relationship between temperature and soil respiration has been well explored although uncertainties remain. This thesis examined the relationship between temperature and rates of heterotrophic respiration in soils from three adjacent sub-alpine Australian vegetation types; woodland, shrubland and grassland. Temperature sensitivity of soil (Q10) has recently been a hotly debate topic, one side concluding that decomposition of recalcitrant, less labile components of soil organic matter are insensitive to temperature. Whilst others argue that there is no difference in the temperature sensitivities of labile and recalcitrant carbon pools. Robust modeling of rates of soil respiration requires characterization of the temperature response of both labile and recalcitrant pools. Laboratory incubation provides a means of characterizing the temperature response of rates of respiration whilst reducing the confounding effects encountered in the field, such as seasonal fluctuations in temperature, moisture and substrate supply. I used a novel system that allowed laboratory measurement of gas exchange in soils over a range of temperatures under controlled conditions. Measurements included CO2 efflux and O2 uptake over a range of temperatures from 5 to 40oC, characterization of temperature response and sensitivity, and respiratory quotients. Rates of heterotrophic respiration fitted both exponential and Arrhenius functions and temperature sensitivity varied and depended on the model used, vegetation type and depth in the soil profile. Long-term incubation indicated both labile and resistant pools of carbon had similar temperature sensitivities. Respiratory quotients provided a strongly predictive measure of the potential rate of decomposition of soil C, independent of the temperature response of respiration, providing a tool that may be used alongside derived parameters to help understand shifts in microbial use of C substrates. Vegetation type influenced soil chemical properties and rates of heterotrophic respiration. Rates of respiration correlated well with concentrations of carbon and nitrogen as has been previously observed, unlike previous studies however a positive correlation was observed between indices of plant available phosphorus and respiration. The soils examined were from three adjacent vegetation types formed on common geology, I concluded that vegetation type had a significant influence on soil, in contrast to the commonly held view by ecologists that soil type drives patterns in vegetation. Climatic effects such as longer, dryer hotter summer, reduced snow cover and increased incidence of extreme weather events such as frosts and bushfire are likely to drive patterns in vegetation in this region and therefore have a significant impact on carbon cycling in Sub-alpine Australian soils.
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Mustafa, Tarfa. "Vers une comparaison métatranscriptomique entre deux sols alpins sous couvert nival contrasté." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENS020/document.

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La distribution de la neige à l'échelle du paysage dans les zones alpines est une des variables les plus importantes contrôlant la structure et la fonction des écosystèmes de montagne. Des changements d'épaisseur neigeuse et de durée d'enneigement peuvent entraîner de grands changements dans les conditions édapho-climatiques, ainsi que dans la composition des communautés végétales et surtout sur les cycles biogéochimiques majeurs et par conséquence la structure et le fonctionnement de l'écosystème. Nous avons utilisé l'approche métatranscriptomique pour essayer de comprendre la diversité fonctionnelle réelle et les activités exprimées dans les sols alpins par les micro-organismes, en réponse à différentes contraintes environnementales. La transcriptomique, et par extension, la métatranscriptomique, peut être vue comme l'analyse quantitative complète de tous les gènes exprimés par un ou plusieurs organismes, ou par l'écosystème entier. L'utilisation de cette approche implique d'abord l'extraction des ARN une bonne qualité et avec un bon rendement, ensuite la conversion de ces ARN en cDNA en ciblant les fractions de ARNm. La capacité d'évaluer le metatranscriptome des communautés microbiennes complexes dans différentes conditions environnementales représente en soi une avancée significative dans notre capacité de relier la structure et les fonctions des communautés avec les génotypes d'ADN (les séquences) et avec la correspondance phénotype. Dans cette étude, nous présentons l'utilisation pour la première fois de l'approche métatranscriptomique concernant les activités des communautés microbiennes des eucaryotes des sols alpins sous deux conditions d'enneigement très contrasté nommés LSM (lately snowmelt) et ESM (early snowmelt), qui sont caractérisés par des gradients climatiques contrastés et des différences de végétations associées. Nous présentons également une analyse des séquences et des procédures d'annotation en utilisant des logiciels publiquement disponibles et des scripts de python en utilisant l'environnent d'Obitools. Nous avons également développé un pipeline d'analyse bio-informatique adapté qui permet d'extraire correctement des renseignements fonctionnels et taxinomiques de ces bases de données
The distribution of snow across the landscape in the Alps is one of the most important variables controlling the structure and function of mountain ecosystems. Changes in snow depth and duration can cause major changes in soil and climatic conditions, as well as the composition of plant communities and especially on the major biogeochemical cycles and consequently the structure and functioning of the ecosystem. We used the approach métatranscriptomique to try to understand the functional diversity and real activity expressed in Alpine soils by micro-organisms in response to different environmental constraints. Transcriptomics, and by extension, the métatranscriptomique, can be seen as full quantitative analysis of all genes expressed by one or more agencies or by the entire ecosystem. Using this approach involves first extracting RNA in good quality and good yield, then the conversion of RNA into cDNA by targeting mRNA fractions. The ability to assess metatranscriptome complex microbial communities under different environmental conditions is in itself a significant advance in our ability to link the structure and functions of communities with the genotypes of DNA (the sequence) and phenotype correspondence. In this study, we present the first use of the approach métatranscriptomique on the activities of eukaryotic microbial communities of alpine soil in two very contrasting locations called LSM (Lately snowmelt) and ESM (early snowmelt) which are characterized by contrasting climatic gradients and differences in vegetation associated. We present an analysis of sequences and annotation procedures using publicly available software and scripts using python programs and Obitools. We have also developed a pipeline of bioinformatics analysis adapted to correct extraction of information of the functional and taxonomic databases
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Liptzin, Daniel. "Soil nutrients and biogeochemical cycling in the forest-alpine tundra ecotone." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3273655.

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Shahnavaz, Bahar. "Communautés bactériennes de sols alpins et filtres environnementaux." Grenoble 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE10331.

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Les bactéri es jouent un rôle clé dans les cycles biogéochimiques. Bien que l'effet du manteau neigeux en hiver dans la fonction et la composition des communautés bactériennes du sol ait été signalé, l'effet de la variation spatio-temporelle du manteau neigeux reste à étudier. Dans cette étude, nous avons caractérisé la dynamique spatio-temporelle des communautés bactériennes à partir de deux sites extrêmes selon un gradient de couvert neigeux. Pour cela, nous avons utilisé des approches moléculaires (SSCP et clonage / séquençage) et traditionnel (isolation par culture bactérienne). Les résultats présentés montrent que l'ensemble de la diversité bactérienne, sa composition et sa structure phylogénétique sont fortement liés à la durée de la couverture de neige. En outre, ces effets sont détectables au cours de la saison de végétation des plantes. Les facteurs biotiques et abiotiques (i. E. La sénescence des plantes et le pH du sol) jouent un rôle essentiel conduisant au regroupement de certaines bactéries en clades spécifiques (Acidobactéries, Actinobactéries, α-et β-Proteobactéries). Au cours de la saison de végétation des plantes, les clades de bactéries sont plus dispersés. La présente étude montre que, à un niveau taxonomique fin, la variation temporelle est un facteur plus important que la variation spatiale sur la diversité bactérienne. A un niveau taxonomique supérieur (i. E. Sousphylum), la conclusion est inverse. Seule une petite fraction du total de la diversité bactérienne est cultivable et il se peut que certains groupes bactériens soient surreprésentés dans les plaques de culture. Cette étude apporte un nouvel éclairage sur le rôle de l’hiver et de la couverture neigeuse dans les distributions des communautés bactériennes. Cette étude peut-être utile pour prédire le comportement des bactéries dans les cycles des éléments nutritifs dans un contexte de réchauffement de la planète
Bacteria play a key role in biogeochemical cycles. While the effect of winter snow cover in function and composition of soil bacterial communities has been reported, the effect of spatiotemporal variation of snow cover remains to be studied. In this study, we characterised the spatio-temporal dynamics of bacterial communities from two sites at the extremes of a snow cover gradient. We used molecular (SSCP and cloning/sequencing) and traditional (bacterial isolation by culture) approaches. The presented results show that the overall bacterial diversity, composition and phylogenetic structure are strongly related to snow cover duration. Moreover, these effects are also detectable during the plant productive season. The biotic and abiotic factors (i. E. Plant senescence and soil pH) play an essential role leading to the clustering of certain bacterial clades (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, α- and β-Proteobacteria). During the plant productive season, the bacterial clades are overdispersed. The preset study shows that, at a fine taxonomic level, the temporal variation is more important than the change over space. At higher taxonomic levels (i. E. Sub-phylum), the space are more important than temporal variations. Only a minor fraction of the total bacterial diversity is cultivable, and may bacterial groups be overrepresented in culture plates. This study provides new insights in role of snow cover in bacterial communities’ distribution and role of winter. This study may be useful in predicting of bacterial behaviour in nutrient cycle in a context of global warming
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Books on the topic "Alpine soils"

1

Jacobs, Peter. Stabilising walking track in alpine and sub-alpine environments: Using artificial soil stabilisation materials to minimise track erosion. East Melbourne, Vic: North East Region and National Parks and Public Land Division, Dept. of Conservation & Environment, 1993.

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Birkeland, Peter W. Holocene alpine soils in gneissic cirque deposits, Colorado Front Range. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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Rihm, B. Critical Loads of acidity for forest soils and alpine lakes: Steady state mass balance method. Berne: FOEFL, 1994.

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Thilenius, John F. Vegetation and soils of an alpine range in the Absaroka Mountains, Wyoming. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1985.

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R, Hermesh, Alberta. Land Conservation and Reclamation Council., and Alberta. Reclamation Research Technical Advisory Committee., eds. Initial selection for salt tolerance in Rocky Mountain accessions of slender wheat grass and alpine bluegrass. Edmonton, Alta: Alberta Land Conservation and Reclamation Council, Reclamation Research Technical Advisory Committee, 1990.

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Barneveld, J. W. Van. Assessment of impacts from intensive-use on alpine tundra vegetation and soils in Cathedral Park, B.C. : 1984. Victoria, B.C: Ministry of Environment and Parks, 1987.

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Jandl, R., Mirco Rodeghiero, and Mats Olsson. Soil carbon in sensitive European ecosystems: From science to land management. Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, 2011.

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Williams, Thomas E. Soil Survey of Alpena County, Michigan. [Washington, D.C.]: Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2004.

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Williams, Thomas E. Soil Survey of Alpena County, Michigan. [Washington, D.C.]: Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2004.

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Williams, Thomas E. Soil Survey of Alpena County, Michigan. [Washington, D.C.]: Natural Resources Conservation Service, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Alpine soils"

1

Körner, Christian. "Alpine soils." In Alpine Plant Life, 63–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-98018-3_6.

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Körner, Christian. "Alpine soils." In Alpine Plant Life, 119–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59538-8_6.

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Körner, Christian. "Alpine soils." In Alpine Plant Life, 63–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18970-8_6.

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Margesin, Rosa. "Psychrophilic Microorganisms in Alpine Soils." In Plants in Alpine Regions, 187–98. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0136-0_14.

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Malysheva, T. I., M. I. Makarov, V. G. Onipchenko, A. V. Volkov, and I. V. Bulatnikova. "Soils and nutrient turnover." In Alpine Ecosystems in the Northwest Caucasus, 9–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2383-5_2.

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Weintraub, Michael N. "Biological Phosphorus Cycling in Arctic and Alpine Soils." In Soil Biology, 295–316. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15271-9_12.

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Leuschner, Christoph, and Heinz Ellenberg. "Ruderal Communities on Drier Soils." In Ecology of Central European Non-Forest Vegetation: Coastal to Alpine, Natural to Man-Made Habitats, 765–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43048-5_11.

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Leuschner, Christoph, and Heinz Ellenberg. "Communities on Heavy Metal-Rich Soils." In Ecology of Central European Non-Forest Vegetation: Coastal to Alpine, Natural to Man-Made Habitats, 733–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43048-5_9.

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Barontini, Stefano, Alberto Clerici, Roberto Ranzi, and Baldassare Bacchi. "Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Water Retention Relationships for Alpine Mountain Soils." In Climate and Hydrology in Mountain Areas, 101–21. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470858249.ch9.

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Greer, C. W., L. G. Whyte, and T. D. Niederberger. "Microbial Communities in Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Temperate, Tropical, Alpine, and Polar Soils." In Handbook of Hydrocarbon and Lipid Microbiology, 2313–28. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-77587-4_168.

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Conference papers on the topic "Alpine soils"

1

McCallum, Adrian B., Andy Barwise, and Roi S. Santos. "Is the Cone Penetration Test (CPT) Useful for Arctic Site Investigation?" In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23029.

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A warming Arctic provides increased opportunity for infrastructure development. Although the cone penetration test is used globally for site investigation in unfrozen soils, this discussion paper investigates the use of cone penetration testing to provide in situ data in frozen geomaterials. Historical and contemporary use of cone penetration testing in permafrost, snow, terrestrial ice and sea ice is reviewed, and work conducted across alpine, Arctic and Antarctic environs is considered. Although frozen geomaterials offer challenges to any in situ media assessment, with suitable equipment, cone penetration testing in frozen geomaterials typical of the Arctic is possible.
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Hart, James D., Nasir Zulfiqar, and Tobias H. Erickson. "3rd Party Review of Geometry Pig Inertial Survey Data at the Colville River HDD." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64306.

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This paper describes a 3rd party review of geometry pig inertial surveys of the ConocoPhillips Alaska, Inc.-operated Alpine 14-inch diameter oil and 12-inch diameter water pipelines at the horizontal directionally drilled (HDD) Colville River crossing. The geometry of these pipelines is periodically surveyed to monitor for potential thaw-induced differential settlement between thaw-stable and thaw-susceptible soils along the HDD profile under the river. Preliminary reviews of the elevation profiles from multiple surveys showed significant run-to-run variations within the HDD. However, considering the long distances between the reference elevation tie points, the observed elevation differences appeared to be within the position accuracy of the inertial survey specifications. As a follow up to the initial review, a more detailed 3rd party review of the data was performed. This paper describes how the elevation, pitch and bending strain data from four different inertial surveys performed for each pipeline over a five year period was processed to look for monotonic trends and/or locations of significant pipe deformation. It was determined that the bending strains for both pipelines were small compared to the allowable strains and that the most critical locations for both pipelines occurred in the vicinity of the end of the below grade casing and the adjacent aboveground pipe support. At each end of the HDD, the pig data signatures indicate the presence of a sagbend curvature lobe at/near the end of the casing and an overbend curvature lobe at/near the adjacent pipe support which is clearly indicative of relative movement between the below grade section of the pipe and the pipe support. The response at the pipe support was confirmed by visual inspection of the pipe where minor buckling damage to the external sheet metal insulation jacket at the ends of the saddle was observed. The results from this review were used to develop a recommended forward-looking geometry monitoring schedule.
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Evans, Andrew, and Joshua A. McGrath. "AMMONIUM ADSORPTION IN ALPINE TUNDRA SOIL: IMPACTS ON NUTRIENT TRANSPORT." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-368022.

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Evans, Andrew, and Michael B. Jacobs. "LIGAND EXCHANGE PROCESSES IN ALPINE TUNDRA SOIL - IMPLICATIONS FOR SOIL ACIDIFICATION AND ALUMINUM TRANSPORT." In GSA Annual Meeting in Seattle, Washington, USA - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017am-299221.

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Notarnicola, C., S. Asam, M. Callegari, A. Costa, L. De Gregorio, F. Greifeneder, R. Monsorno, and B. Ventura. "Alpine algorithms-time series of innovative remote sensing products for Alpine areas: Snow cover leaf area index and soil moisture." In 2015 8th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multitemporal Remote Sensing Images (Multi-Temp). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/multi-temp.2015.7245800.

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Pasolli, L., C. Notarnicola, L. Bruzzone, G. Bertoldi, G. Niedrist, U. Tappainer, M. Zebisch, F. Del Frate, and G. V. Laurin. "Analysis of polarimetric RADARSAT2 images for soil moisture retrieval in an alpine catchment." In Remote Sensing, edited by Claudia Notarnicola. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.866266.

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Burns, Scott. "USING SOIL GEOMORPHOLOGY TO UNLOCK THE SECRETS OF THE TERROIR OF WINE, ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLING AND ALPINE SOIL DISTRIBUTIONS." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-382966.

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Xiaojia Li, Xianzhou Zhang, Hongtao Jiang, Qinglong Ma, Zhenxi Shen, Yuzhi Fan, and Wei Yan. "Impacts of climate change and grazing intensity on soil organic carbon in alpine meadow." In 2011 International Conference on Business Management and Electronic Information (BMEI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbmei.2011.5914409.

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Xiaojia Li, Xianzhou Zhang, Yuping Zhao, Yangjian Zhang, Zhenxi Shen, Jingsheng Wang, and Jianshuang Wu. "Dynamics of soil organic carbon in alpine meadow of Tibetan Plateau with CENTURY model." In 2011 International Conference on Business Management and Electronic Information (BMEI). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbmei.2011.5921085.

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Mazza, F., L. Longoni, and D. Brambilla. "A hybrid Monte Carlo–possibilistic method to evaluate soil erosion in an Alpine valley." In RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 2011. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rm110241.

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Reports on the topic "Alpine soils"

1

Allen, Charles. Alpine Soil Geomorphology: The Development and Characterization of Soil in the Alpine-Subalpine Zone of the Wallowa Mountains, Oregon. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.7093.

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Kueppers, Lara M., Margaret Torn, John Harte, Jeffry Mitton, and Matthew Germino. Subalpine and alpine species range shifts with climate change: temperature and soil moisture manipulations to test species and population responses (Final Report). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1414588.

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Holocene alpine soils in gneissic cirque deposits, Colorado Front Range. US Geological Survey, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/b1590e.

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Application of a hydrochemical model and a multivariate soil-solution mixing model to alpine watersheds in the Sierra Nevada, California. US Geological Survey, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri934030.

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