Academic literature on the topic 'Alpine products'
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Journal articles on the topic "Alpine products"
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Mendel, C., A. Feldmann, and N. Ketterle. "Conservation of the Alpines Steinschaf." Animal Genetic Resources Information 45 (October 2009): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1014233909990332.
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SummaryThe Alpines Steinschaf is an old and traditional sheep breed living in the Alps for several hundred years. In 1985 only a few small flocks of this breed could be identified in special alpine regions in Germany. A breeding programme was established by some interested breeders and official breeding organisations. To maintain rare breeds for the future, it is necessary to develop special programmes for their use and marketing. In 2004 the breeders in Germany and Austria created a programme to market high quality products made of Alpines Steinschaf wool. The project ran very successfully, and the population of the Alpines Steinschaf has been increasing annually since then.
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Da Ronco, P., and C. De Michele. "Cloudiness and snow cover in Alpine areas from MODIS products." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 11, no. 4 (April 10, 2014): 3967–4015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-3967-2014.
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Abstract. Snow cover maps provide an information of great practical interest for hydrologic purposes: when combined with point values of snow water equivalent (SWE), they allow to estimate the regional snow resource. Earth observation satellites are an interesting tool for evaluating large scale snow distribution and extension. In this context, MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometeron on board Terra and Aqua satellites) daily Snow Covered Area product has been widely tested and proved to be appropriate for hydrologic applications. However, within a daily map the presence of cloudiness can hide the ground, thus preventing snow detection. Here, we considered MODIS binary products for daily snow mapping over Po river basin. Modeling the variability of snow cover duration, distribution and snow water equivalent is a first important step in investigating climate change impacts on the regime of the major Italian river. Ten years (2003–2012) of MOD10A1 and MYD10A1 snow maps have been analyzed and processed with the support of 500 m-resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM). We firstly investigated the issue of cloudiness, highlighting its dependence on altitude and season. Snow maps seem to suffer the influence of overcast conditions mainly in mountain and during the melting season. Such a result is certainly related to satellite crossing times, since cloud coverage over mountains usually increases in the afternoon: however, in Aqua and Terra snow products it highly influences those areas where snow detection is regarded with more interest. In spring, the average percentages of area lying beneath clouds are in the order of 70%, for altitudes over 1000 m a.s.l. Then, on the basis of previous studies, we proposed a cloud removal procedure and its application to a wide area, characterized by high topographic and geomorphological heterogeneities such as northern Italy. While conceiving the new method, our first target was to preserve the daily temporal resolution of the product. Regional snow and land lines were estimated for detecting snow cover dependence on elevation. In cases when there were not enough information on the same day within the cloud-free areas, we improved a temporal filter with the aim of reproducing the micro-cycles which characterize the transition altitudes, where snow does not stand continually over the entire winter. In the validation stage, the proposed procedure has been compared against others, showing improvements in the performance for our case study. At the same time it results quite handy both in terms of input data required and computational effort.
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Gugerli, Rebecca, Matteo Guidicelli, Marco Gabella, Matthias Huss, and Nadine Salzmann. "Multi-sensor analysis of monthly gridded snow precipitation on alpine glaciers." Advances in Science and Research 18 (February 24, 2021): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/asr-18-7-2021.
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Abstract. Accurate and reliable solid precipitation estimates for high mountain regions are crucial for many research applications. Yet, measuring snowfall at high elevation remains a major challenge. In consequence, observational coverage is typically sparse, and the validation of spatially distributed precipitation products is complicated. This study presents a novel approach using reliable daily snow water equivalent (SWE) estimates by a cosmic ray sensor on two Swiss glacier sites to assess the performance of various gridded precipitation products. The ground observations are available during two and four winter seasons. The performance of three readily-available precipitation data products based on different data sources (gauge-based, remotely-sensed, and re-analysed) is assessed in terms of their accuracy compared to the ground reference. Furthermore, we include a data set, which corresponds to the remotely-sensed product with a local adjustment to independent SWE measurements. We find a large bias of all precipitation products at a monthly and seasonal resolution, which also shows a seasonal trend. Moreover, the performance of the precipitation products largely depends on in situ wind direction during snowfall events. The varying performance of the three precipitation products can be partly explained with their compilation background and underlying data basis.
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Da Ronco, P., and C. De Michele. "Cloud obstruction and snow cover in Alpine areas from MODIS products." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 18, no. 11 (November 24, 2014): 4579–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4579-2014.
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Abstract. Snow cover maps provide information of great practical interest for hydrologic purposes: when combined with point values of snow water equivalent (SWE), they enable estimation of the regional snow resource. In this context, Earth observation satellites are an interesting tool for evaluating large scale snow distribution and extension. MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer on board Terra and Aqua satellites) daily Snow Covered Area product has been widely tested and proved to be appropriate for hydrologic applications. However, within a daily map the presence of cloud cover can hide the ground, thus obstructing snow detection. Here, we consider MODIS binary products for daily snow mapping over the Po River basin. Ten years (2003–2012) of MOD10A1 and MYD10A1 snow maps have been analysed and processed with the support of a 500 m resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM). We first investigate the issue of cloud obstruction, highlighting its dependence on altitude and season. Snow maps seem to suffer the influence of overcast conditions mainly in mountain and during the melting period. Thus, cloud cover highly influences those areas where snow detection is regarded with more interest. In spring, the average percentages of area lying beneath clouds are in the order of 70%, for altitudes over 1000 m a.s.l. Then, starting from previous studies, we propose a cloud removal procedure and we apply it to a wide area, characterized by high geomorphological heterogeneity such as the Po River basin. In conceiving the new procedure, our first target was to preserve the daily temporal resolution of the product. Regional snow and land lines were estimated for detecting snow cover dependence on elevation. In cases when there was not enough information on the same day within the cloud-free areas, we used temporal filters with the aim of reproducing the micro-cycles which characterize the transition altitudes, where snow does not stand continually over the entire winter. In the validation stage, the proposed procedure was compared against others, showing improvements in the performance for our case study. The accuracy is assessed by applying the procedure to clear-sky maps masked with additional cloud cover. The average value is higher than 95% considering 40 days chosen over all seasons. The procedure also has advantages in terms of input data and computational effort requirements.
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Sun, Weijun, Rensheng Chen, Lei Wang, Yingshan Wang, Chuntan Han, and Baojuan Huai. "How do GPM and TRMM precipitation products perform in alpine regions?" Journal of Geographical Sciences 32, no. 5 (April 22, 2022): 913–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11442-022-1978-5.
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Tedesco, Pietro, Fortunato Palma Esposito, Antonio Masino, Giovanni Andrea Vitale, Emiliana Tortorella, Annarita Poli, Barbara Nicolaus, Leonardo Joaquim van Zyl, Marla Trindade, and Donatella de Pascale. "Isolation and Characterization of Strain Exiguobacterium sp. KRL4, a Producer of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from a Tibetan Glacier." Microorganisms 9, no. 5 (April 21, 2021): 890. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9050890.
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Extremophilic microorganisms represent a unique source of novel natural products. Among them, cold adapted bacteria and particularly alpine microorganisms are still underexplored. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel Gram-positive, aerobic rod-shaped alpine bacterium (KRL4), isolated from sediments from the Karuola glacier in Tibet, China. Complete phenotypic analysis was performed revealing the great adaptability of the strain to a wide range of temperatures (5–40 °C), pHs (5.5–8.5), and salinities (0–15% w/v NaCl). Genome sequencing identified KRL4 as a member of the placeholder genus Exiguobacterium_A and annotation revealed that only half of the protein-encoding genes (1522 of 3079) could be assigned a putative function. An analysis of the secondary metabolite clusters revealed the presence of two uncharacterized phytoene synthase containing pathways and a novel siderophore pathway. Biological assays confirmed that the strain produces molecules with antioxidant and siderophore activities. Furthermore, intracellular extracts showed nematocidal activity towards C. elegans, suggesting that strain KRL4 is a source of anthelmintic compounds.
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Sonnleitner, ST, R. Baumgartner, R. Edelhofer, H. Schennach, M. Bednarska, K. Pister, and G. Walder. "Are Babesia a risk factor for blood products in an alpine area?" Parasites & Vectors 7, Suppl 1 (2014): O37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-s1-o37.
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Lettner, H., M. Gastberger, and A. Hubmer. "Long-term dynamics of Cs in dairy products in Austrian Alpine regions." Radioprotection 37, no. C1 (February 2002): C1–433—C1–437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/radiopro/2002081.
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Sun, Wenling, Junqi Zhao, and Jianhua Lyu. "Study on the Design of Garbage Removal Products for Alpine Scenic Spots." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 108 (January 2018): 042011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/108/4/042011.
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Agradi, Stella, Alessia Libera Gazzonis, Giulio Curone, Massimo Faustini, Susanna Draghi, Gabriele Brecchia, Daniele Vigo, et al. "Lactation Characteristics in Alpine and Nera di Verzasca Goats in Northern Italy: A Statistical Bayesian Approach." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 5, 2021): 7235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167235.
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In the last three decades, we assisted in a shift in the dairy product preferences in developed countries, with an increase in goat-derived products consumption. As already seen in the bovine sector, the diffusion of goat milk consumption has led to an abandonment of the local breeds in favor of the more productive cosmopolitan breeds, with an intense reduction in the livestock biodiversity. However, in several studies, it has been shown that local breeds present unique features such as a robust behavior towards the local climate and a high quality of their dairy products. This study aims to assess the differences between the basic lactation variables (milk yield, fat %, protein %, lactose % and somatic cell count) in the Alpine goat and the local breed Verzasca goat from a Bayesian point of observation. Results indicate that the Nera di Verzasca goat has overall lactation characteristics similar toa cosmopolite breed such as the Alpine goat, except for the milk daily yield reduced with respect to Alpine goats (1.68 ± 0.84 and 2.14 ± 1.03, respectively). Moreover, the Verzasca goat showed a tendency to maintain a lower level of somatic cell count along with lactation (798 ± 1734 and 1216 ± 2828, respectively). These findings help to increase the knowledge about the Italian local goat breeds and are important in the optic of biodiversity conservation.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alpine products"
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Nyberg, Louise. "Konceptutveckling av ett slalomarmskydd : För paraalpinåkare med förkortad underarm." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för kvalitets- och maskinteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-42842.
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Alla ska ha lika stor möjlighet att utöva idrott på lika villkor. Parasport är idrott till för personer med någon form av funktionsnedsättning såsom synnedsättning, intellektuell funktionsnedsättning eller rörelsenedsättning. Inom parasport finns alpin skidåkning som går ut på att ta sig ned för backen så snabbt som möjligt i en utstakad bana. Utbudet av professionell utrustning för både alpint och andra sporter som är möjlig att individanpassa mot idrottsutövarens behov är mycket begränsad om än inte obefintlig. Projektet initierades av landslagstränaren för alpina parasportförbundet, Henrik Bergqvist. Syftet med detta projekt är att möjliggöra en bättre tackling av en slalomkäpp för paraalpinåkare med förkortad underarm. Målet med projektet är att ta fram ett konceptunderlag för att kunna tillverka ett alpint slalomarmskydd. Konceptunderlaget kommer innefatta tredimensionella ritningar för produkten samt materialval och tillverkare. Denna rapport omfattar en produktutvecklingsprocess innehållande fem faser, förstudie, produktspecificering, konceptgenerering, utvärdering och val av koncept, prototyp och detaljkonstruktion. Resultatet av projektet genererades i ett konceptunderlag för ett slalomarmskydd till paraalpinåkare med förkortad underarm. Detta koncept har funktionen att tackla bort slalomkäppen samtidigt som den ska vara ergonomisk mot underarmen, och ha ett material som tål de påfrestningar som skyddet kommer utsättas för. Projektet och dess resultat överlämnas till uppdragsgivaren med goda förutsättningar att vidare kunna tillverka detta slalomarmskydd.Everyone should have an equal opportunity to practice sports on equal terms. Parasport is sports for people with some form of disability such as visual impairment, intellectual disabilities or mobility impairment. In parasport, there is alpine skiing that involves getting down the slope as quickly as possible in a marked course. The range of professional equipment for both alpine and other sports that can be individually adapted to the athlete's needs is very limited, although not non-existent. The project was initiated by the national team coach for the alpine parasport association, Henrik Bergqvist. The purpose of this project is to enable a better tackle of a slalom gate for para-alpine skiers with a shortened forearm. The goal of the project is to produce a concept material to be able to manufacture an alpine slalom arm guard. The concept material will include three-dimensional drawings for the product as well as material selection and manufacturers. This report covers a product development process that includes five phases, feasibility study, product specification, concept generation, evaluation and selection of concepts, prototype and detailed design. The result of the project was generated in a concept data for a slalom arm protection for para-alpine skiers with a shortened forearm. This concept has functions to tackle the slalom gate while at the same time being ergonomic against the forearm and having a material that can withstand the stresses to which the protection will be exposed. The project and its results are handed over to the client with good conditions to be able to further manufacture this slalom arm guard.
Betyg 2021-07-16
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Starke, Robert. "Research on thermal modification of African alpine bamboo (Yushania alpina [K. Schumann] Lin) in terms of woven strand board (WSB) product development in Ethiopia." Master's thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-173554.
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’African Bamboo PLC’ has the vision to become the first and the leading bamboo-based floorboard producer in Africa with export markets in Europe and America. African alpine bamboo (Yushania alpina), common in the highlands of Ethiopia, was used to develop woven strand board (WSB) products. Research on thermal modification was part of the product development. Samples were mainly collected in Tetechia (6°33‘ 34‘‘ N 38°32‘25‘‘ W, 2,650-2,700 m a.s.l.), located in the Sidama region. Three culms each of two, three, four and five years of age were harvested. Samples were taken from the middle of each internode to determine the moisture content and density. Samples used to assess the effects of thermal modification were cut next to them. Further test specimens from different areas and other species such as the lowland bamboo (Oxytenanthera abyssinica) were also investigated. The thermal treatment was applied in a kiln with steam as an inert blanket to reduce oxidative processes. Eight modifications were performed at temperatures of 160 °C, 180 °C, 200 °C and 220 °C, at durations of three or five hours each. Mass loss, sorption behaviour, impact resistance, resistance to indentation and contents of chemical components were analysed for the modified and unmodified samples. Yushania alpina is a thin-walled bamboo with a maximum diameter of 6 cm, moisture content of up to 150 % and densities of between 0.5 g/cm² and 0.8 g/cm². Moisture content, diameter and wall thickness decreased from the bottom to the top of the culms, whereas density increased. Two year old bamboo had the lowest and three year the highest density. The mass loss followed an exponential trend, with about 2 % loss at 160 °C and 16 % at 220 °C. This mainly reflected the degradation of hemicellulose, which was fully removed at 220 °C. Extractive contents, at less than 5 %, fluctuated. Lignin amounted to 30 % and increased appreciably. Cellulose reached contents of about 45 % and decreased slightly at high temperatures. The chemical change, which was based more on the temperature than on the duration of treatment, influenced the sorption behaviour and mechanical properties most of all. The equilibrium moisture content was reduced by between 10 % to 40 %, depending on the climate and modification temperature chosen. This reduction stabilised between temperatures of 200 °C and 220 °C. The impact resistance of untreated bamboo was 3.8 J/cm², compared to only 1.4 J/cm² for modified samples. Resistance also differed between samples from the outer and inner part of the culm in the transverse section. The resistance to indentation declined also. Unmodified samples had 47 N/mm², compared to only 20 N/mm² for strongly modified samples. The results of the analysis and the experience gained indicate that temperatures between 180 °C and 200 °C, held for three hours, lead to the best results for woven strand board production using Ethiopian highland bamboo’African Bamboo PLC’ setzt sich zum Ziel, als erstes Unternehmen Holzwerkstoffe aus Bambus nach Europa und Amerika zu exportieren. Afrikanischer Hochgebirgsbambus (Yushania alpina), welcher vor allem im Hochland von Äthiopien vorkommt, wurde dazu verwendet ”woven strand boards” (WSB) zu entwickeln. Untersuchungen zur thermischen Modifizierung waren dabei Bestandteil der Produktentwicklung. Die dafür notwendigen Bambusproben wurden hauptsächlich in Tetechia (6°33‘34‘‘ N 38°32‘25‘‘ W, 2650-2700 m ü. NN), einem Dorf in Sidama, entnommen. Es wurden dazu je drei Bambushalme der Altersklassen zwei, drei, vier und fünf Jahre geerntet. Proben für die Bestimmung von Holzfeuchte und Dichte wurden in der Mitte jedes Internodiums entnommen. Diese spielten als Referenzprobe eine große Rolle. Neben den Referenzprobekörpern wurden die jeweiligen Stücke für die thermische Behandlung heraus gesägt, wobei dies nach einer bestimmten Systematik erfolgte. Neben den Proben aus Tetechia wurden für die Untersuchungen zudem Proben aus anderen Gebieten und von einer anderen Art, dem Tieflandbambus (Oxytenanthera abyssinica), hinzugefügt. Die thermische Modifizierung erfolgte unter Wasserdampf, welcher oxidative Prozesse verhinderte. Insgesamt erfolgten acht Modifizierungen bei Temperaturen von 160 °C, 180 °C, 200 °C und 220 °C und einer jeweiligen Haltezeit von drei oder fünf Stunden. In Anbetracht der unbehandelten und behandelten Proben wurden der Masseverlust, die Bruchschlagarbeit, der Eindruckswiderstand und die chemische Zusammensetzung analysiert. Yushania alpina ist ein dünnwandiger Bambus mit Durchmessern bis zu 6 cm, Holzfeuchten bis 150 % und Dichten zwischen 0,5 g/cm² und 0,8 g/cm². Holzfeuchte, Durchmesser und Wandstärke verringerten sich mit der Halmhöhe, wobei die Dichte hingegen anstieg. Zweijähriger Bambus hatte die geringsten und dreijähriger Bambus die höchsten Dichten. Der Masseverlust folgte einem expontiellem Verlauf mit Werten von 2 % bei 160 °C und 16 % bei 220 °C. Er widerspiegelte den Abbau der Hemicellulose, welche bei 220 °C schon nicht mehr vorhanden war. Exktraktgehalte fluktuierten mit Werten unter 5 %. Der Ligningehalt lag bei ungefähr 30 % und stieg merklich an. Der Cellulosegehalt erreichte Werte von etwa 45 %, wobei die Cellulose bei höheren Temperaturen leicht abgebaut wurde. Die chemischen Veränderungen, welche maßgeblich von der angewandten Temperatur statt der Behandlungsdauer beeinflusst wurden, wirkten sich auf das Sorptionsverhalten und mechanische Eigenschaften aus. Je nach ausgesetztem Klima und erfolgter Modifikation wurde die Ausgleichsfeuchte der Proben um 10 % bis 40 % reduziert. Die Abnahme der Ausgleichsfeuchte stabilisierte sich im Temperaturbereich von 200 °C bis 220 °C. Die Bruchschlagarbeit des unbehandelten Bambus betrug 3,8 J/cm², die des behandelten nur 1,4 J/cm². Die Bruchschlagarbeit variierte unabhängig von der Modifikation zwischen dem inneren und äußeren Abschnittes innerhalb des Halmquerschnitts. Der Eindruckswiderstand nahm mit der thermischen Behandlung ebenfalls ab. Unbehandelte Proben hatten 47 N/mm², während die modifizierten Proben nur noch 20 N/mm² aufwiesen. Anhand der Ergebnisse und erworbenen Erfahrungen lies sich schlussfolgern, dass Temperaturen zwischen 180 °C und 200 °C bei einer Haltezeit von drei Stunden für die thermische Modifizierung von Äthiopischem Hochlandbambus in Bezug auf die Entwicklung von ”woven strand boards” empfehlenswert waren
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Agostini, Mathieu. "Contribution à l'étude de l'origine naturelle du tramadol et étude phytochimique de deux plantes alpines." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALV007.
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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le domaine de la phytochimie et de la pharmacognosie, et comprend deux parties majeures. La première porte sur l’investigation phytochimique des racines de Nauclea latifolia, un arbuste utilisé en médecine traditionnelle pour ses propriétés thérapeutiques. En 2013, la découverte du tramadol, un médicament de synthèse dans les racines de Nauclea latifolia a été exposée à une couverture médiatique inédite. De ce fait, l’origine naturelle du tramadol a été remise en question. L’objectif principal de ce projet est d’isoler du tramadol à partir de nouveaux lots de racines de Nauclea latifolia dans le but de réaliser des analyses isotopiques 14C pour déterminer l’origine naturelle (ou non) du composé.La purification d’extraits de ces racines par HPLC semi-préparative a permis l’isolement de deux échantillons de tramadol. Les analyses isotopiques en carbone 14 des échantillons ont montré des résultats qui tendent à montrer une origine naturelle. Cependant, l’analyse d’un nouvel échantillon de tramadol issu d’un troisième lot est nécessaire pour confirmer/affirmer son origine.Le deuxième volet de cette thèse a porté sur l’étude phytochimique de deux plantes alpines dans le but de valoriser la flore locale en tant que sources de molécules bioactives. La première plante est l’Helianthemum nummularium, une espèce que l’on retrouve en surprésentation dans le régime alimentaire des ongulés montagnards. Afin d’expliquer cette surconsommation, deux hypothèses étaient possibles : 1) valeurs nutritionnelles importantes et 2) consommation de la plante dans un but d’automédication. Dans ce contexte, nous nous sommes principalement intéressés à la deuxième hypothèse en réalisant une analyse phytochimique des parties aériennes de plante. La purification de l’extrait éthanolique des parties aériennes ont permis l’isolement de 8 dérivés polyphénoliques dont certains ont été rapportés comme de potentiels agents antiparasitaires et pourraient présenter un intérêt pour les ongulés. La deuxième plante est le Chenopodium bonus-henricus, une espèce alpine très utilisée dans le secteur alimentaire local. L’étude phytochimique des extraits dichlorométhane et éthanolique des parties aériennes a permis l’isolement de 6 molécules dont une est nouvelle.La valorisation thérapeutique des extraits et molécules issus des plantes alpine, nous a conduit à conduire des tests biologiques. Dans ce contexte, nous nous sommes penchés sur l’induction d’activation du facteur de transcription Nrf2 par les extraits et les molécules isoléesThis PhD. Thesis was carried out in the field of phytochemistry and pharmacognosy, including two major parts. The first part is dedicated to the phytochemical investigation of the roots of Nauclea latifolia, an African shrub largely used in traditional medicine. In 2013, tramadol, a fully synthetic drug was isolated from the roots of Nauclea latifolia. This unpreceded discovery was largely covered by media worldwide As it can be expected, the natural origin of tramadol was inevitably the subject to some discrepancies. The main goal of this project is to isolate tramadol from new samples of N. latifolia in order to perform isotopic 14C analyses to determine the natural origin of compound.The purification of the root extracts by using semi-preparative HPLC led to the isolation of two tramadol. The isotopic 14C analyses of the samples tend to show a natural origin. However, the analysis of a new sample of tramadol from a third batch is necessary to confirm/affirm its origin.The second part of this thesis was dedicated to the phytochemical study of two alpine plants in order to valorize the local flora as a source of bioactive molecules. The first plant was Helianthemum nummularium, which is a specie very present in the alimentary diet of ungulates. In order to explain the preference of ungulates for this species over-consumption, two hypotheses were evoked: 1) nutritional values of the plant, 2) consumption of the plant for self-medication. In this context, we were interested by the second hypothesis by performing a phytochemical analysis of the aerial parts of the plant. The purification of the ethanolic extract allowed to obtain 8 compounds among which some were reported as potential anthelmintic agents.The second plant is Chenopodium bonus-henricus, an alpine specie popular in the local alimentary diet. The phytochemical study of the dichloromethane and ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts led to the isolation of six molecules among which one was never described in any natural resources.Furthermore, the plants of altitude grow in drastic environmental conditions and must develop some defense mechanisms. In this context, the alpine plants extract and the pure molecules were tested on their effect on the activation pathway of Nuclear Factor Erythroid-2-related Factor 2 (Nrf2)
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Low, Tyrone. "The Development of a Low Profile Alpine Touring Binding." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mechanical Engineering, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5198.
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The design of alpine touring ski bindings has remained relatively static for the past fifteen years. During this period, the lack of innovative breakthroughs has become obvious through the number of customers who are currently unsatisfied by the products available on the market. This observation has presented a significant commercial opportunity to satisfy these users, plus many more non-consumers, with an innovative binding design. The objective of this project was to design a low profile alpine touring binding with the aim of satisfying the needs of these users.
The resulting design followed a full year of research and development in the field of alpine touring bindings. Not only were concepts formed from completely untethered and open minded thinking, but they were also formed from reviewing various designs that already existed. These designs ranged from previous alpine touring bindings that either failed or succeeded in the market for various reasons, to completely unrelated mechanisms and designs forms. Through this process, several well formed and feasible design concepts were obtained which potentially met the design specification requirements of both high performing alpine touring bindings and downhill bindings. Detailed design and analysis followed, along with the manufacture of a fully functional prototype. This was then tested and evaluated to determine the project as a success.
This project can be grouped only with a small amount of research ever conducted on the topic of alpine touring bindings. The findings, discussion and results of this work can therefore be used as a benchmark for future study into this field. Through the meticulous research conducted on skiing and ski bindings and the thorough design work carried out towards producing a prototype, this thesis presents the complete process of designing a new and innovative ski binding.
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Barreflod, Tom-Oskar, and Matilda Nilsson. "Designing Sustainable Alpine Skis : Combining user needs with ecological, social, and economical sustainablility." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-79718.
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As alpine skiing is becoming more and more popular the need for sustainable products are increasing in order to enable great skiing and snowy winters in the future. The ski industry is unfortunately far behind many other industries when it comes to sustainability and the shift towards sustainable skis is going slow. Norse Skis is a unique ski manufacturer as they have a sustainable profile and are always in the lookout for new possibilities to take that forward. The goal in this master thesis project is to develop a pair of sustainable skis that will widen Norse Skis’ product catalog. The project was conducted in collaboration with Norse Skis as a master thesis project within the degree of Industrial Design Engineering at Luleå University of Technology. During the development of the skis, the user-centered design process Design Thinking Process was used. The process was divided into three phases; Inspiration, Ideation, and Implementation. During the design process, most of the energy was put on creating a ski that meets the user needs and is as sustainable as possible. Through constant dialog with the users, feedback and evaluation were gained to customize the product to the needs and opinions of the users. To develop skis that are as sustainable as possible, the project has had its base in the three aspects of sustainability; ecological, economic, and social, which are defined in the Brundtland report (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987). At the beginning of the project, a deep understanding of alpine skis and alpine skiing was gathered. This was followed by a thorough examination of the users through surveys and user observations. It was identified that the users spent most of their time skiing on the piste, but had a vision of being an off-piste skier. This led to the conclusion of designing a ski that is high performing on-piste but also gives the user the possibility to great off-piste skiing. In a benchmarking, Norse Skis’ current skis were compared to their competitors’ to identify Norse Skis’ strengths and what could be improved. When an understanding of the product and the users was gained, the project proceeded into the ideation phase. In the ideation phase solutions on lengths, shapes, names, colors, graphics, and materials were created. Through user surveys, three concepts were created which eventually resulted in one final design. The project result is a pair of 90 mm wide skis with focus on sustainability that are high performing and playful in the piste while providing a nice off-piste ride as well. From the social aspect, they are created with the skier in mind instead of either men, women, or some specific age group. By using materials that are more environmentally friendly than what is used in Norse Skis’ skis today and that either have the same or lower price, the skis are more sustainable from both an ecologic and economic perspective. The design has been approved by the users which led to the recommendation of broadening Norse Skis’ current product catalog with the ski that was the result of this master thesis project.Samtidigt som skidåkning blir mer och mer populärt för var dag som går så ökar behovet av hållbara produkter som möjliggör framtida snöiga vintrar och bra skidåkning. Tyvärr ligger dagens skidtillverkare långt bakom många andra branscher när det kommer till hållbarhet och skiftet mot hållbara skidor går trögt. Norse Skis är en unik skidtillverkare då de har en hållbar profil och ständigt letar efter möjligheter att komma ännu längre fram i utvecklingen. Målet i detta examensarbete är att utveckla ett par hållbara skidor som kan bredda Norse Skis produktkatalog. Projektet utfördes i samarbete med Norse Skis som ett examensarbete på Civilingenjör Teknisk Design med inriktning produktdesign vid Luleå Tekniska Universitet. Under utvecklingen av skidorna användes den användarcentrerade designprocessen Design Thinking Process som är uppdelad i tre faser; Inspiration, Ideation, och Implementation. Under designprocessen låg fokus på att skapa en skida som uppfyller användarbehoven och samtidigt är så hållbar som möjligt. Genom att hela tiden återkoppla med användarna för utvärdering och feedback kunde produkten anpassas efter deras behov och tycke. För att utveckla en så hållbara skida som möjligt har projektet utgått från de tre perspektiven av hållbarhet; ekologisk, ekonomisk, och social som identifieras i Brundtlandsrapporten (World Commission on Environment and Development, 1987). I projektets startskede införskaffades en djup förståelse alpina skidor och alpin skidåkning. Detta följdes av djupdykning i användaren genom enkäter och användarobservationer. Det identifierades att användaren spenderar mest tid i pisten, men har en vision om att vara en off-pist åkare. Detta ledde fram till slutsatsen att designa en skida som är högpresterande i pisten med också ger användaren möjlighet till bra off-pist åkning. I en benchmarking jämfördes sedan Norse Skis nuvarande skidor med konkurrenternas för att identifiera Norse Skis styrkor och vad som kunde göras bättre. När en förståelse över produkten och användarna skapats gick projektet in i idégeneringsfasen. Där skapade olika lösningsförslag på längder, former, namn, färg, grafik, och material. Genom användarundersökningar kunde tre slutkoncept tas fram som slutligen resulterade i ett slutgiligt resultat. Projektresultatet är ett par 90 mm breda skidor med fokus på hållbarhet som är högpresterande och lekfulla i pisten som även ger en härlig åkning utanför. Ur den sociala aspekten är de gjorda för skidåkare istället för enbart män, kvinnor eller någon specifik åldersgrupp. Genom användning av material som är miljövänligare än de som Norse Skis tidigare använt och antingen har samma eller lägre pris så är skidor både hållbarare ur både ett ekologisk och ett ekonomiskt perspektiv. Designen har bekräftats av användarna vilket ledde till att rekommendationen att bredda Norses Skis produktkatalog med skidorna som var resultatet av detta examensarbete.
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Illanes, García-Huidobro Fernando José. "Prospección de Productos de (Nothofagus obliqua (MIRB.)) y (Nothofagus alpina (POEPP. ET ENDL.))." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/105138.
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Schertz, Maïa. "Séparation radiochimique par extraction séquentielle de transuraniens et de produits de fission : application à l'étude d'une zone alpine (Boréon, Mercantour)." Nice, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NICE4087.
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Les essais nucléaires des années soixante et l’accident de Tchernobyl ont entraîné la dispersion de radionucléides artificiels dans l’environnement. Les éléments étudiés sont des produits de fission, césium 137 et strontium 90, et des transuraniens, plutonium 238, 239/240 et américium 241. La zone alpine étudiée est constituée d’un lac et d’un bassin versant à forte pente. Des prélèvements de sol et de sédiments y ont été collectés. La méthode radiochimique d’extraction séquentielle mise au point permet d’analyser tous les éléments à partir d’un unique échantillon, grâce à des étapes de coprécipitation et de séparation sur résines chromatographiques. Les carottes de datation décrivent les variations d’activité d’un radioélément avec la profondeur. L’étude des carottes d’inventaire permet de définir différentes zones de contamination et d’estimer les transferts en radioéléments. La comparaison des activités des carottes a montré un important impact du ruissellement sur le bassin versant : les apports au lac par ruissellement sur le bassin versant sont très supérieurs aux apports par le cours d’eau. De plus, une teneur élevée des sols en matière organique combinée à un fort ruissellement favorise la migration des radioéléments. Alors que les zones du bassin versant pauvres en matière organique retiennent les radioéléments. Le césium, élément le plus mobile, est le polluant majeur du site. Notre région a subi une contamination très importante en produits de fission, à la suite de l’accident de la centrale de Tchernobyl. Les transuraniens quant à eux proviennent des essais nucléaires des années soixanteSixties nuclear tests and Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident have spread out artificial radionuclides in the environment. Studies elements are some fission products, cesium 137 and strontium 90, and some transuranies, plutonium 238, plutonium 239/240 and americium 241. A lake and its catchment constitute the studied alpine wetland. Soil and sediments samples were collected. Radiochemical method by sequential extraction was finalized, in order to analyse all the studied elements from a unique sample, with coprecipitation steps and chromatographic resins separations. Dating cores, analysed by centimetres, describe radioelement activity concentration variations according to depth. Inventory cores study allows defining some different contamination zones and estimating the radioelement transfer. The comparison between the cores activity shows catchment runoff impact, which is very important on our study site. Indeed, the catchment runoff supply to the lake is more important than the stream supply. This comparison allows also to link organic matter level and radioelements migration. Thus a high organic matter level combined with a strong runoff favour radioelements migration from the catchment to the clearing. On the other hand, the catchment weak organic matter level zone retains strongly the radioelements. Among studied elements, cesium is the most mobile and the most important pollutant of our site. This analyse shows the great Chernobyl power plant accident contamination of our study site in fission product. Contrary to the transuranies, which came from atmospheric sixties nuclear tests
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Ingrin, Jannick. "Microscopie électronique en transmission de géomatériaux : volcanisme : produits pyroclastiques des Antilles; métamorphisme : coesite dans un quartzite alpin." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA07F066.
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La première partie de cette thèse traite de l'observation en micros-copie électronique en transmission (MET) des produits pyroclastiques émis lors de l'éruption de la Soufrière de St Vincent 1979 et du cycle éruptif du XVI ème siècle de la Soufrière de Guadeloupe. La première observation a mis en évidence, dans le verre de la mésostase des produits pyroclastiques, une démixtion sous forme de globules amorphes de 500 À de diamètre. Le phénomène est important du point de vue dynamisme éruptif, la démixtion peut considérablement modifier le mode de cristallisation et, par la même, être à l'origine du déclenchement de l'éruption. La seconde observation a porté sur un cycle éruptif complet. L'étude de la mésostase des différents produits émis, nous a permis de contraindre la chronologie des éruptions qui ont marqué le cycle. Tandis que l'étude fine des « dusty zones » contenues dans les plagioclases et qui n'avait, jusqu'à présent, pas été réalisée à cette échelle, nous a permis de déterminer que l'injection du magma dans la chambre magmatique s'était probablement faite à une température de 1290 ± 30 °C. Une telle température est inaccessible à partir des thermomètres classiques, qui n'enregistrent que la température de rééquilibrage thermique après mélange du magma résidant dans la chambre et le magma injecté. La seconde partie porte sur l'étude en MET d'inclusions de coesite dans un grenat d'un quartzite du massif de Dora Maira (Alpes italiennes). Les cristaux de coesite présentent une très faible densité d£ défauts cristallins, ce qui semble devoir être attribué à la grande résistance du matériaux. L'absence de relations topo tactiques systématiques entre ces cristaux et la partie rétromorphosée en quartz, ainsi que l'irrégularité des interfaces entre les deux polymorphes induit à penser que la transition Quartz-Coesite est effectivement reconstructive. Cependant les deux structures ne sont pas si dissemblables qu'il y paraît de prime abord et nous proposons un mécanisme de nucléation favorisé par le cisaillement. Nous avons complète cette étude en développant un modèle élastique , qui nous a permis d'expliquer la conservation de la coesite dans le grenat, et de montrer que la roche était probablement une coesitite formée sous plus de 30 kb ar de pression, à une température comprise entre 600 et 830 °C. Un tel métamorphisme, pour une roche d'origine crustale, pose un certain nombre de problèmes géodynamiques, tant d'enfouissement que de remontée en surface de la roche, nous avons essayé d'aborder ces questions d'un point de vue qualitatif, compte tenu des connaissances actuelles dans ce domaine.
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Naman, Charles Benjamin. "Phytochemical Investigation of the Medicinal Plant Taxodium distichum and Library Screening of Thalictrum Alkaloids for New Antileishmanial Drug Leads." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429283826.
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Starke, Robert. "Research on thermal modification of African alpine bamboo (Yushania alpina [K. Schumann] Lin) in terms of woven strand board (WSB) product development in Ethiopia." Master's thesis, 2014. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A28812.
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’African Bamboo PLC’ has the vision to become the first and the leading bamboo-based floorboard producer in Africa with export markets in Europe and America. African alpine bamboo (Yushania alpina), common in the highlands of Ethiopia, was used to develop woven strand board (WSB) products. Research on thermal modification was part of the product development.
Samples were mainly collected in Tetechia (6°33‘ 34‘‘ N 38°32‘25‘‘ W, 2,650-2,700 m a.s.l.), located in the Sidama region. Three culms each of two, three, four and five years of age were harvested. Samples were taken from the middle of each internode to determine the moisture content and density. Samples used to assess the effects of thermal modification were cut next to them. Further test specimens from different areas and other species such as the lowland bamboo (Oxytenanthera abyssinica) were also investigated.
The thermal treatment was applied in a kiln with steam as an inert blanket to reduce oxidative processes. Eight modifications were performed at temperatures of 160 °C, 180 °C, 200 °C and 220 °C, at durations of three or five hours each. Mass loss, sorption behaviour, impact resistance, resistance to indentation and contents of chemical components were analysed for the modified and unmodified samples.
Yushania alpina is a thin-walled bamboo with a maximum diameter of 6 cm, moisture content of up to 150 % and densities of between 0.5 g/cm² and 0.8 g/cm². Moisture content, diameter and wall thickness decreased from the bottom to the top of the culms, whereas density increased. Two year old bamboo had the lowest and three year the highest density.
The mass loss followed an exponential trend, with about 2 % loss at 160 °C and 16 % at 220 °C. This mainly reflected the degradation of hemicellulose, which was fully removed at 220 °C. Extractive contents, at less than 5 %, fluctuated. Lignin amounted to 30 % and increased appreciably. Cellulose reached contents of about 45 % and decreased slightly at high temperatures. The chemical change, which was based more on the temperature than on the duration of treatment, influenced the sorption behaviour and mechanical properties most of all. The equilibrium moisture content was reduced by between 10 % to 40 %, depending on the climate and modification temperature chosen. This reduction stabilised between temperatures of 200 °C and 220 °C. The impact resistance of untreated bamboo was 3.8 J/cm², compared to only 1.4 J/cm² for modified samples. Resistance also differed between samples from the outer and inner part of the culm in the transverse section. The resistance to indentation declined also. Unmodified samples had 47 N/mm², compared to only 20 N/mm² for strongly modified samples.
The results of the analysis and the experience gained indicate that temperatures between 180 °C and 200 °C, held for three hours, lead to the best results for woven strand board production using Ethiopian highland bamboo.’African Bamboo PLC’ setzt sich zum Ziel, als erstes Unternehmen Holzwerkstoffe aus Bambus nach Europa und Amerika zu exportieren. Afrikanischer Hochgebirgsbambus (Yushania alpina), welcher vor allem im Hochland von Äthiopien vorkommt, wurde dazu verwendet ”woven strand boards” (WSB) zu entwickeln. Untersuchungen zur thermischen Modifizierung waren dabei Bestandteil der Produktentwicklung. Die dafür notwendigen Bambusproben wurden hauptsächlich in Tetechia (6°33‘34‘‘ N 38°32‘25‘‘ W, 2650-2700 m ü. NN), einem Dorf in Sidama, entnommen. Es wurden dazu je drei Bambushalme der Altersklassen zwei, drei, vier und fünf Jahre geerntet. Proben für die Bestimmung von Holzfeuchte und Dichte wurden in der Mitte jedes Internodiums entnommen. Diese spielten als Referenzprobe eine große Rolle. Neben den Referenzprobekörpern wurden die jeweiligen Stücke für die thermische Behandlung heraus gesägt, wobei dies nach einer bestimmten Systematik erfolgte. Neben den Proben aus Tetechia wurden für die Untersuchungen zudem Proben aus anderen Gebieten und von einer anderen Art, dem Tieflandbambus (Oxytenanthera abyssinica), hinzugefügt. Die thermische Modifizierung erfolgte unter Wasserdampf, welcher oxidative Prozesse verhinderte. Insgesamt erfolgten acht Modifizierungen bei Temperaturen von 160 °C, 180 °C, 200 °C und 220 °C und einer jeweiligen Haltezeit von drei oder fünf Stunden. In Anbetracht der unbehandelten und behandelten Proben wurden der Masseverlust, die Bruchschlagarbeit, der Eindruckswiderstand und die chemische Zusammensetzung analysiert. Yushania alpina ist ein dünnwandiger Bambus mit Durchmessern bis zu 6 cm, Holzfeuchten bis 150 % und Dichten zwischen 0,5 g/cm² und 0,8 g/cm². Holzfeuchte, Durchmesser und Wandstärke verringerten sich mit der Halmhöhe, wobei die Dichte hingegen anstieg. Zweijähriger Bambus hatte die geringsten und dreijähriger Bambus die höchsten Dichten. Der Masseverlust folgte einem expontiellem Verlauf mit Werten von 2 % bei 160 °C und 16 % bei 220 °C. Er widerspiegelte den Abbau der Hemicellulose, welche bei 220 °C schon nicht mehr vorhanden war. Exktraktgehalte fluktuierten mit Werten unter 5 %. Der Ligningehalt lag bei ungefähr 30 % und stieg merklich an. Der Cellulosegehalt erreichte Werte von etwa 45 %, wobei die Cellulose bei höheren Temperaturen leicht abgebaut wurde. Die chemischen Veränderungen, welche maßgeblich von der angewandten Temperatur statt der Behandlungsdauer beeinflusst wurden, wirkten sich auf das Sorptionsverhalten und mechanische Eigenschaften aus. Je nach ausgesetztem Klima und erfolgter Modifikation wurde die Ausgleichsfeuchte der Proben um 10 % bis 40 % reduziert. Die Abnahme der Ausgleichsfeuchte stabilisierte sich im Temperaturbereich von 200 °C bis 220 °C. Die Bruchschlagarbeit des unbehandelten Bambus betrug 3,8 J/cm², die des behandelten nur 1,4 J/cm². Die Bruchschlagarbeit variierte unabhängig von der Modifikation zwischen dem inneren und äußeren Abschnittes innerhalb des Halmquerschnitts. Der Eindruckswiderstand nahm mit der thermischen Behandlung ebenfalls ab. Unbehandelte Proben hatten 47 N/mm², während die modifizierten Proben nur noch 20 N/mm² aufwiesen. Anhand der Ergebnisse und erworbenen Erfahrungen lies sich schlussfolgern, dass Temperaturen zwischen 180 °C und 200 °C bei einer Haltezeit von drei Stunden für die thermische Modifizierung von Äthiopischem Hochlandbambus in Bezug auf die Entwicklung von ”woven strand boards” empfehlenswert waren.
Books on the topic "Alpine products"
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Mantención de un banco de germoplasma en condiciones in vitro de 40 clones de árboles plus de raulí (N.alpina) y 20 clones de árboles de alto valor genético de Lenga (N.pumilio). Producto 6. INFOR, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.52904/20.500.12220/17874.
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Se detalla en el informe el material genético preservado de raulí (N. alpina) y de lenga (N. pumilio) y se describen los procedimientos realizados para asegurar su mantención y preservación en condiciones in vitro, dentro del Banco de Germoplasma perteneciente al Laboratorio de Micropropagación de INFOR
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Lange, Barbara Rose. Local Identity, World Music 2.0, and Electronic Dance Music. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190245368.003.0009.
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Chapter 8 discusses the orientation of Central European musicians to aesthetics, production technologies, and distribution networks of the turn of the millennium that are collectively termed world music 2.0, arguing that study of local information flow enriches the overall notion of world music 2.0. The chapter reviews how electronic dance music (EDM) became a key component of the millennial sound world and of world music 2.0 in Central Europe. The chapter then describes musicians who continue to think locally as they merge sensibilities: the Slovak duo Longital developed a futurist aesthetic; the Austrian composer and musician Christof Dienz blended alpine ideas, avant-garde art music, and EDM; and Hungarian composer-producer Károly Cserepes infused musical dreamscapes with local sounds. The chapter concludes that the Central European musicians occupy a liminal space between analog world music 1.0 and networked world music 2.0.
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Biggins, Dean E., and David A. Eads. Evolution, natural history, and conservation of black-footed ferrets. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759805.003.0015.
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Black-footed ferrets were reduced to a remnant population of 10 in 1985 due to diseases (plague, canine distemper), but successful captive breeding and releases have improved the prospects for ferret recovery. Comparisons between black-footed ferrets and Siberian polecats, close relatives that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring, allow the following evolutionary speculation. Predation on ferrets and polecats tends to narrow their niches and promote specialization due to requirements for escape habitats. In Asia, that influence is countered by the larger and more diverse area of steppe and alpine meadow habitats for polecats, and by plague which causes large variation in prey abundance. In North America, the selective pressure favoring specialization in ferrets on prairie dog prey and burrows had no strong counter-force before plague invaded. Plague is an immense challenge to black-footed ferret recovery, and several management tools including vaccines and vector control may be necessary to conserve the species.
Book chapters on the topic "Alpine products"
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Carrer, Francesco. "Secondary Products Exploitation: Preliminary Ethnoarchaeological Insights from Alpine Cases Study." In The Intangible Elements of Culture in Ethnoarchaeological Research, 115–24. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23153-2_7.
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Čeh, Danilo, Mirjana Nenad, and Elena Pessot. "A Methodology for Participatory Stakeholder Engagement in Nature-Based Health Tourism." In Digital and Strategic Innovation for Alpine Health Tourism, 87–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15457-7_6.
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AbstractParticipatory stakeholder engagement in strategy-making, for industries such as Nature-based Health Tourism (NHT), enhances the delivery of more useful and applicable strategies, with also higher chances to reach intended goals if compared to conventional top-down planning processes. This chapter describes the methodology identified and carried out in the HEALPS2 project to efficiently reach and engage stakeholders of Alpine NHT and to form a stakeholder group at the transnational level (including the engagement of EU-level ac-tors and networks). Based on the Quadruple Helix concept, the methodology integrates a process of stakeholder engagement and endorsement along three steps; the identification of the key points and the problems to be tackled for a successful stakeholder engagement; and the development of Regional and Transnational Stakeholder Groups that extend to the cooperation with EU-wide networks. Developing health tourism products and service chains, and sustaining them with strategies and policies, is a complex undertaking. The adoption of the stakeholder engagement approaches throughout the HEALPS2 project showed that it is of utmost importance to properly identify, involve and communicate with the stakeholders who effectively complement the success of the project, and its outcomes, in enhancing NHT competitiveness.
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Laurìa, Antonio, Valbona Flora, and Kamela Guza. "The Mountain Village of Razëm." In Studi e saggi, 157–224. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-175-4.02.
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Part II of the book focusses on Razëm, a hamlet of the mountain village of Vrith, in the Municipality of Malësi e Madhe. Razëm lies within the Regional Natural Park of Shkrel and is considered the “gateway” to the Western Albanian Alps. The evocative landscape, the quality of the air and the proximity to Shkodër have transformed Razëm into a proper tourist resort. In the first chapters, the importance of the intangible heritage is stressed. The quality of the typical products and of the culinary tradition, the rhapsodic chants based on the Eposi i Kreshnikëve, the tradition of the customary law based on the Kanun code, the religious festivities and the xhubleta (as a most significant feature of local craftsmanship) are some of the issues addressed. In the following chapters, the multiple aspects of the tangible heritage are analysed. Here, the quality of the natural and pastoral landscape – characterised by alpine pastures and typical hut settlements –, together with the building tradition of the area, is highlighted. A special attention is dedicated to a complex of villas built by the rich bourgeoisie from Shkodër during the Twenties and Thirties, a unique phenomenon that deserves a proper in-depth study. For each of the aforementioned issues, the theoretical and historical analysis are closely bound to an evaluation of those features of the cultural heritage that could be enhanced to guarantee a sustainable tourism development of the area. Each chapter ends with a consistent set of specific intervention strategies. They are substantive tools for action aimed at public and private local actors.
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Quiñones-Ruiz, Xiomara F., and Tatiana Giraldo-Liévano. "Quality and Value Appropriation by Colombian Coffee Producers: Starting to Fill the Gap from a Gender Perspective." In Alpine Landgesellschaften zwischen Urbanisierung und Globalisierung, 173–92. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-36562-2_10.
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AbstractGender – considered as an intersectional analysis unit – can bring further insights into global value chains from production and processing to retailing and final consumption. This article provides insights on gender-specific constructs from an intersectional research perspective to enrich the understanding of quality attributes and conventions along the global coffee value chain. The exploration uncovers the roles and positions as well as value appropriation of female and male Colombian producers – in particular rural female producers – as they enter the specialty coffee niche characterized by distinctive cup quality (taste of coffee). Recognizing and valuing the contribution of women in all social and economic fields is a fundamental right under the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 5 to combat all forms of discrimination and enhance self-determination of women and girls as well as gender equality.
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Braito, Michael. "Energy Prosumers’ Spillovers and the Policy Effect: Comparing Two Alpine Valleys in Styria and South Tyrol." In Alpine Landgesellschaften zwischen Urbanisierung und Globalisierung, 135–55. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-36562-2_8.
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AbstractThe article identifies and compares spillover effects of prosumers (electricity producers and consumers) in different incentive regimes. Prosumers are expected to reduce their energy consumption and increase their environmentally friendly behavior. Such spillover effects are promising for sustainability initiatives – however, researchers have not demonstrated these behavioral effects consistently. I hypothesize that these inconsistent results are related to how households were induced to become prosumers in the first place. To test this hypothesis, prosumers and non-prosumers of different incentive regimes are compared. Statistics show that monetary incentives can lead to adverse spillover effects and that collective prosumers generate the strongest positive spillovers. Results encourage sustainability initiatives to offset financial benefits to promote sustainable lifestyles.
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Nenad, Mirjana, and Elena Pessot. "Innovation Practices and Techniques for Nature-Based Health Tourism Competitiveness." In Digital and Strategic Innovation for Alpine Health Tourism, 99–116. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15457-7_7.
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AbstractInnovation is considered essential to the growth and long-term sustainability of health tourism companies and destinations. Continuous innovation takes place to improve the industry competitiveness, but especially the tourists’ experience and wellness with new product offerings. This Chapter collects and describes the innovation practices proposed and developed in some pilot regions of the HEALPS2 project consortium. The innovation practices identified in the project can be subdivided into three types, i.e., innovation techniques, innovation supporting tools, and innovative product offerings. All the practices were designed to target several operators of the Nature-based Health Tourism (NHT) industry, from tourism facilities and companies (especially small- and medium-sized enterprises) to regional councils and municipalities in charge of policy-making and tourism strategy development. HEALPS 2 innovation practices and techniques can be purposefully integrated at the regional and local level for a more innovation-driven industry strategy and business development, as well as facilitation of transnational cooperation among key actors, also beyond Alpine regions and NHT destinations.
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Kermarrec, Gaël, Vibeke Skytt, and Tor Dokken. "LR B-Spline Surfaces and Volumes for Deformation Analysis of Terrain Data." In Optimal Surface Fitting of Point Clouds Using Local Refinement, 81–107. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16954-0_6.
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AbstractGeospatial data acquisition of terrains with contact-free sensors such as Terrestrial or Airbone Laser Scanners generates scattered and noisy point clouds. Performing a surface approximation is an efficient way to reduce and structure the recorded point clouds. To that end, LR B-splines are attractive as they allow a local refinement, on the contrary to the tensor product B-spline and raster surfaces. By comparing the approximation error with a given tolerance, a local refinement is performed. We apply this adaptive refinement strategy to landslides data sets from Alpine terrain in Austria. We show how different epochs of the point clouds can be analyzed with LR B-spline volumes for spatio-temporal visualisation of deformation. We highlight the potential of a time-differenced LR B-splines volume for analysing geomorphological changes. A further application of this method is the drawing of contour lines.
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Rupf, B. H., K. Schillo, W. G. Arlt, and R. Rupf. "Chinese guests in alpine destinations - what are they looking for? A case study from Switzerland regarding product preferences and landscape perception." In Winter tourism: trends and challenges, 257–75. Wallingford: CABI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786395207.0257.
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Della Misericordia, Massimo. "Signorie e relazioni interstatali. Pratiche, legittimazione e contestazione del potere locale lungo la frontiera alpina dello stato di Milano (XV secolo)." In La signoria rurale nell’Italia del tardo medioevo. 3 L’azione politica locale, 67–87. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-5518-427-4.05.
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This essay analyzes the ways in which rural lordship was legitimized, maintained and sometimes contested in the late Middle Ages. The focus is not on the local societies and the political competition within the regional state, but rather on the position of seigneurial power in the interstices of international relations. Specifically, the dynamics of the frontier allowed the lords to enforce their power, but produced situations that put their authority in risk, providing opportunities for their subjects to contrast it. Political brokerage is the key to exploring the competition and the relationship between a variety of local actors and the state authorities. The source I selected is the Carteggio sforzesco, consisting of the written correspondence between these protagonists. From this viewpoint and thanks to records rich in narrative and descriptive contents, I will try to reconstruct economic tensions, military instability, the need for diplomatic agreements and for individual protection, that define the relationship between the Duchy of Milan, Valais, Switzerland and Grisons. Finally I will go into depth in the case-study of Val Formazza, where the domination of the lords family was in decline during the 15th Century, while local protagonists of this diversified local world – highlanders of lower social conditions settled in a peripheral valley forming an ethno-cultural minority of German speakers – were capable.
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Elias, Scott. "Millennial and Century Climate Changes in the Colorado Alpine." In Climate Variability and Ecosystem Response in Long-Term Ecological Research Sites. Oxford University Press, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195150599.003.0033.
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Ecosystems are the products of regional biotic history, shaped by environmental changes that have occurred over thousands of years. Accordingly, ecological changes take place at many timescales, but perhaps none is more significant than the truly long-term scale of centuries and millennia, for it is at these timescales that ecosystems form, break apart, and reform in new configurations. This is certainly true in the alpine regions, where glaciations have dominated the landscape for perhaps 90% of the last 2.5 million years (Elias 1996a). In the alpine tundra zone, the periods between ice ages have been relatively brief (10,000–15,000 years), whereas glaciations have been long (90,000–100,000 years). Glacial ice has been the dominant force in shaping alpine landscapes. Glacial climate has been the filter through which the alpine biota has had to pass repeatedly in the Pleistocene. This chapter discusses climatic events during the last 25,000 years (figure 18.1). At the beginning of this interval, temperatures cooled throughout most of the Northern Hemisphere, culminating in the last glacial maximum (LGM), about 20,000–18,000 yr b.p. (radiocarbon years before present). The Laurentide and Cordilleran ice sheets advanced southward, covering most of Canada and the northern tier of the United States. Glaciers also crept down from mountaintops to fill high valleys in the Rocky Mountains. In the Southern Rockies, the alpine tundra zone crept downslope into what is now the subalpine, beyond the reach of the relatively small montane glaciers. By about 14,000 yr b.p., the glacier margins began to recede, leading eventually to the postglacial environments of the Holocene. It is now becoming apparent that the climate changes that drove these events were surprisingly rapid and intense. This chapter examines the evidence for these climatic changes and the biotic response to them in the alpine zone of Colorado. To reconstruct the environmental changes of this period, we must rely on proxy data, that is, the fossil record of plants and animals, combined with geologic evidence, such as the age and location of glacial moraines in mountain valleys. As of this writing, the principal biological proxy data that have been studied in the Rocky Mountains are fossil pollen and insects.
Conference papers on the topic "Alpine products"
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Notarnicola, C., S. Asam, M. Callegari, A. Costa, L. De Gregorio, F. Greifeneder, R. Monsorno, and B. Ventura. "Alpine algorithms-time series of innovative remote sensing products for Alpine areas: Snow cover leaf area index and soil moisture." In 2015 8th International Workshop on the Analysis of Multitemporal Remote Sensing Images (Multi-Temp). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/multi-temp.2015.7245800.
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Hinsch, Ralph. "Indications of Deep Marine Fans in the Early Miocene Foredeep of Lower Austria: A Potential New Play." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208133-ms.
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Abstract The petroleum province in Lower Austria resulted from the Alpine collision and the subsequent formation of the Vienna Basin. OMV is active in this area since its foundation in 1956. Several plays have been successfully tested and produced in this complex geological region. The main exploration focus is currently on the deep plays. However, this paper proposes a so far unrecognized and therefore undrilled play in a shallower level to broaden OMV's portfolio in Austria. Seismic re-interpretations of reprocessed 3D seismic data and structural reconstructions were used to review some of the existing plays and get novel ideas from improved understanding of processes. In the frontal accretion zone of the Alpine wedge, the Waschberg-Ždánice zone discoveries are limited to the frontal thrust unit and associated structures. The more internal parts of the thrust belt have only sparsely been drilled and are perceived not to have high-quality reservoir rocks. The detailed structural interpretations indicated that the foredeep axis during the Early Miocene was positioned in the thrust sheet located directly in front of the advancing Alpine wedge (comprising the eroding Rhenodanubian Flysch in its frontal part). Seismic amplitude anomalies can be interpreted to represent Lower Miocene basin floor and slope fans. Nearby wells did not penetrate these fans but drilled instead shale-dominated lithologies. Thus, the presence of potential sand-rich fans in front of the advancing alpine wedge is considered a potential new play in Lower Austria. Analogues are found in Upper Austria some 250 km to the West, where several large gas fields in Lower Miocene deposits located in front of the advancing Alpine wedge have been discovered by another operator. In that area the fans are only partly involved in the fold-thrust belt. In Lower Austria, these fans are located within the rear thrust sheet(s), providing a structural component to a mixed structural-stratigraphic trap. Two potential charge mechanism can be considered: a) biogenic gas charge from the organic matter of surrounding shales (like the Upper Austria analogues) or b) oil charge via the thrust fault planes from the Jurassic Mikulov Formation (the proven main source rock in the broader area). Our results add to the understanding of the Miocene structural-stratigraphic evolution of the Alpine collision zone. The definition of a potential new play may add significant value to OMV's upstream efforts in a very mature hydrocarbon province.
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Srinivasan, K. K., P. J. Mago, G. J. Zdaniuk, L. M. Chamra, and K. C. Midkiff. "Improving the Efficiency of the Advanced Injection Low Pilot Ignited Natural Gas Engine Using Organic Rankine Cycles." In ASME 2007 Energy Sustainability Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2007-36151.
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Intense energy security debates amidst the ever increasing demand for energy in the country have provided sufficient impetus to investigate alternative and sustainable energy sources to the current fossil fuel driven economy. This paper presents the Advanced injection Low Pilot Ignition Natural Gas (ALPING) engine as a viable, efficient and low emissions alternative to conventional diesel engines, and discusses further efficiency improvements to the base ALPING engine using Organic Rankine Cycles (ORC) as bottoming cycles. The ALPING engine uses very small diesel pilots, injected early in the compression stroke to compression-ignite a premixed natural gas–air mixture. It is believed that the advanced injection of the higher cetane diesel fuel leads to longer incylinder residence times for the diesel droplets, thereby resulting in distributed ignition at multiple spatial locations, followed by lean combustion of the higher octane natural gas fuel via localized flame propagation. The multiple ignition centers result in faster combustion rates and higher fuel conversion efficiencies. The lean combustion of natural gas leads to reduction in local temperatures and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emissions, since NOx emissions scale with local temperatures. In addition, the lean combustion of natural gas is expected to produce very little particulate matter (PM) emissions (not measured). Representative baseline ALPING (60° BTDC pilot injection timing) (without the ORC) half load (1700 rev/min, 21 kW) operation efficiencies reported in this study are about 35 percent while the corresponding NOx emissions is about 0.02 g/kWh, which is much lower than EPA 2007 tier 4 heavy duty diesel engine statutes of 0.2 g/kWh. Furthermore, the possibility of improving fuel conversion efficiency at half load operation with Organic Rankine Cycles using “dry fluids” are discussed. Dry organic fluids, due to their lower critical points, make excellent choices for bottoming Rankine cycles. Moreover, previous studies indicate that “dry fluids” are more preferable compared to wet fluids because the need to superheat the fluid to extract work from the turbine is eliminated. It is estimated that ORC–turbocompounding results in fuel conversion efficiency improvements of the order of 10 percent while maintaining the essential low NOx characteristics of ALPING combustion.
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Ma, Mingguo, Frank Veroustraete, Ling Lu, Xin Li, Reinhart Ceulemans, Jan Bogaert, Chunlin Huang, Tao Che, and Qinghan Dong. "Validating the MODIS LAI product by scaling up LAI measurements at a VALERI alpine meadow site in China." In Remote Sensing, edited by Christopher M. U. Neale, Manfred Owe, and Guido D'Urso. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.737560.
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Sung, YY, YS Lee, HK Kim, and DS Kim. "Synergistic anti-hyperuricemic effect of combined medication of Alpinia oxyphylla and Allopurinol." In 67th International Congress and Annual Meeting of the Society for Medicinal Plant and Natural Product Research (GA) in cooperation with the French Society of Pharmacognosy AFERP. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-3400092.
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Negri, Paolo. "La difesa dei territori dell’Ossola, sul corridoio spagnolo delle Fiandre, negli ultimi decenni del secolo XVII." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11362.
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The defense of Ossola territories, on the Spanish passageway to Flanders, in the late seventeenth centuryThe Ossola territories, in the area to the northwest of Milan, have constituted the western border most in contact with the nordic and tens-alpine world, ever since the first establishment of the Duchy of Milan. It is already known from G. Parker’s monography on the camino español that one of the common routes, which allowed overland redeployment of Spanish troops headed towards Flanders, from the Liguria region across central Europe, would go through Ossola and cross the Simplon Pass or the Gries Pass. During the turbulent historical period of the Thirty Years’ War and the following one, the changing fortunes of the Duchy of Milan in Spanish hands led to the fast and strategic conquest of Piedmontese cities (1639) and their equally rapid loss on the western border. Especially in the second half of the seventeenth century, the Franco-Savoy advance threw the Piedmontese borders into a severe crisis and the Spanish governors of Milan accordingly adopted all the military measures needed to address the issue. Fearing incursions from the north, through Romandie, Valais and Ossola, in the late seventeenth century, many field engineers among whom Beretta and Formenti, arranged the transformation of Domodossola, the outermost military stronghold only equipped with obsolete medieval walls at the time, into a “modern” rampart city (1687-1690). The engineers produced an accurate study of the territory, preserved today in the Historical Civic Archive and at the Trivulziana library in Milan in a cartographic manuscript series of all the Ossola valleys and the Swiss territory from Brig to Lake Leman.
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Brickner, Robert H. "Behind the Scenes: Historic Agreement to Develop U.S. Virgin Islands’ First Alternative Energy Facilities." In 18th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec18-3516.
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In the summer of 2009, Governor John P. DeJongh, Jr. announced that the Virgin Islands Water and Power Authority (WAPA) had just signed two 20-year Power Purchase Agreements, and the Virgin Islands Waste Management Authority (VIWMA) had signed two 20-year Solid Waste Management Services Agreements with affiliates of Denver-based Alpine Energy Group, LLC (AEG) to build, own, and operate two alternative energy facilities that will serve the residents of St. Croix, St. John, and St. Thomas. The alternative energy facilities, to be built on St. Croix and St. Thomas, have a projected cost of $440 million and will convert an estimated 146,000 tons per year of municipal solid waste into refuse-derived fuel (RDF) using WastAway Services® technology, which will be combined with petroleum coke as fuel in fluidized bed combustion facilities to generate steam and electric power. These sustainable projects will provide 33 MW of electric power to St. Thomas and St. John and 16 MW of electric power to St. Croix, and will help to provide long-term cost stability for electric power and solid waste management in the Territory. Construction is expected to start in spring 2010 with an anticipated completion date during the fourth quarter of 2012. This procurement is a significant achievement for the U.S. Virgin Islands. When the projects are fully implemented, they will allow the Territory to reduce its dependence on oil, recover the energy value and certain recyclable materials from its municipal solid waste, and divert this waste from landfill. Since VIWMA has the responsibility to collect and/or dispose of solid waste year-round, having a system incorporating multiple solid waste processing lines and an adequate supply of spare parts on hand at all times is crucial to meeting the daily demands of waste receiving and processing, and RDF production. Also, with the location of the US Virgin Islands in a hurricane zone, and with only one or two combustion units available in each Project, the ability to both stockpile waste pre-RDF processing and store the produced RDF is very important. Gershman, Brickner & Bratton, Inc. (GBB)’s work has included a due diligence review of the Projects and providing professional support in VIWMA’s negotiations with AEG. GBB’s initial primary assignment centered on reviewing the design and operations of the RDF processing systems that will be built and operated under the respective Service Contracts. VIWMA needed to undertake a detailed technical review of the proposed RDF processing system, since this was the integration point of the waste collection system and waste processing/disposal services. GBB, in association with Maguire, was requested to provide this review and present the findings and opinions to VIWMA. In the completion of this effort, which included both a technical review and participation in negotiations to advance the Service Contracts for the Projects, GBB made direct contact with the key equipment suppliers for the Projects proposed by AEG. This included Bouldin Corporation, the primary RDF processing system supplier, with its patented WastAway technology, and Energy Products of Idaho, the main thermal processing equipment supplier, with its fluidized bed combustion technology and air pollution control equipment. Additionally, since the combustion systems for both Projects will generate an ash product that will require marketing for use and/or disposal over the term of the Service Contracts, GBB made contact with LA Ash, one of the potential subcontractors identified by AEG for these ash management services. Due to the nature of the contract guarantees of VIWMA to provide 73,000 tons per year of Acceptable Waste to each Project for processing, VIWMA authorized GBB to perform a current waste stream characterization study. Part of this effort included waste sorts for one week each in February 2009 on St. Croix and March 2009 on St. Thomas, with the results shared with VIWMA and AEG, as compiled. The 2009 GBB waste stream characterization study incorporated historical monthly waste weigh data from both the Bovoni and Anguilla Landfills that were received from VIWMA staff. The study has formed a basis for continuing to augment the waste quantity information from the two landfills with the additional current monthly results compiled by VIWMA staff going forward following the waste sorts. The final GBB report was published in December 2009 and includes actual USVI landfill receipt data through August 31, 2009. The information contained in this document provides the underpinnings to allow for better tracking and analysis of daily, weekly and monthly waste quantities received for recycling, processing and disposal, which are important to the overall waste processing system operations, guarantees and cost projections. GBB’s annual projections are that the total waste on St. Croix is currently over 104,000 tons per year and over 76,000 tons per year on St. Thomas. The thermal processing technology selected for both Projects is a fluidized bed process, employing a heated bed of sand material “fluidized” in a column of air to burn the fuel — RDF and/or Pet Coke. As such, the solid waste to be used in these combustion units must be size-reduced from the myriad of sizes of waste set out at the curb or discharged into the large roll-off boxes or bins at the many drop-off sites in the US Virgin Islands. While traditional RDF would typically have several days of storage life, the characteristics of the pelletized RDF should allow several weeks of storage. This will be important to having a sound and realistic operating plan, given the unique circumstances associated with the climate, waste moisture content, island location, lack of back-up disposal options and downtime associated with the Power Generation Facility. During the negotiations between AEG and VIWMA, in which GBB staff participated, in addition to RDF and pelletized RDF as the waste fuel sources, other potential fuels have been discussed for use in the Projects and are included as “Opportunity Fuels” in the Service Contracts. These Opportunity Fuels include ground woody waste, dried sludges, and shredded tires, for example. Therefore, the flexibility of the EPI fluidized bed combustion boilers to handle multi-fuels is viewed as an asset over the long term, especially for an island location where disposal options are limited and shipping materials onto and off of each island is expensive. This presentation will provide a unique behind-the-scenes review of the process that led to this historic agreement, from the due diligence of the proposed technologies, to implementation planning, to the negotiations with the contractor. Also discussed will be the waste characterization and quantity analysis performed in 2009 and the fast-track procurement planning and procurement of construction and operating services for a new transfer station to be sited on St. Croix.
Reports on the topic "Alpine products"
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Moreno Martín, Diana, and Rubén Díez Fernández. El basamento metamórfico en el sector oriental del Sistema Central: evolución tectonotermal varisca. Ilustre Colegio Oficial de Geólogos, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21028/dmm.2021.02.18.
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El basamento metamórfico del sector occidental de la Península Ibérica se configuró durante la Orogenia Varisca, fruto de la colisión entre Gondwana, Laurrusia y otros terrenos peri-continentales adyacentes que dio lugar a Pangea. Este basamento forma parte de la microplaca ibérica y se deformó durante la Orogenia Alpina junto con el resto de rocas sedimentarias del Mesozoico. El análisis tectonometamórfico del registro varisco en el sector oriental del Sistema Central, junto con datos regionales previos, y un análisis de las deformaciones alpinas sobreimpuestas, han permitido la reconstrucción local de la evolución tectónica ligada al ensamblado del último supercontinente. La primera fase de deformación corresponde con el engrosamiento cortical generado en los comienzos de la colisión continental, y se preserva en forma de relictos minerales formados durante este proceso. A la segunda fase se le atribuye la formación de la foliación principal, que está ligada al desarrollo de una zona de cizalla dúctil extensional responsable de la atenuación del sobreengrosamiento cortical previo, así como del reequilibrio térmico. La tercera fase de deformación produce pliegues erguidos y un clivaje de crenulación a partir de la foliación principal, y tiene lugar en un momento en el que la colisión continental de Gondwana y Laurrusia prosigue.