Academic literature on the topic 'Alphitonia excelsa'

Alphitonia excelsa merupakan salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dan telah digunakan secara turun temurun di masyarakat sebagai terapi berbagai macam penyakit. Hal tersebut mendasari tujuan penelitian ini, yaitu menentukan aktivitas antioksidan dan total flavonoid kulit batang A. excelsa. Metode yang di gunakan dalam pengujian antioksidan adalah peredaman terhadap radikal 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH), sedangkan pengujian flavonoid total dengan AlCl3 dilakukan secara kolorimetri. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini adalah nilai IC50 aktivitas antioksidan A. excelsa sebesar 37,00 ± 1,46 μg/ml (bpj) dan flavonoid total senilai 1,17% ± 0.04 QE (quercetin equivalent). Berdasarkan nilai tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa kulit batang A. excelsa memiliki kemampuan antioksidan yang sangat kuat. Alphitonia excelsa is a plant that potential to be tested for its antioxidant ability and has been used as medicine. This underlies the purpose of this study, namely to determine the antioxidant activity and total flavonoids of the stem bark of A. excelsa. The method used in antioxidant evaluaion was 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, while the total flavonoid assay with AlCl3 was carried out colorimetrically. The results obtained from this study were the IC50 value of the antioxidant activity and total flavonoids of A. excelsa, with the value of 37.00 ± 1.46 μg/ml and 1.17% ± 0.04 quercetin equivalent, respectively. Based on these values, it can be concluded that the stem bark of A. excelsa has a very strong antioxidant capacity.

Special Purpose Forest Area (KHDTK) Lambung Mangkurat University is a forest area with types of plants and trees. KHDTK is close to residential areas. The existence of community activities around KHDTK will indirectly have an impact on the sustainability of KHDTK. The community activities that impact KHDTK are bathing, washing, and latrine activities (MCK). This community activity provides insight into the impact of using chemical detergents on health and the environment, as well as increasing community empowerment around the KHDTK area in processing natural resources in the form of processing leaves into environmentally friendly detergents. The implementation method consists of two steps, the first step is counseling, and the second step is the preparation of eco-friendly detergents. Counseling carried out by providing knowledge about the impact of synthetic detergents and the manufacture of environmentally friendly detergents. In this activity, the active ingredients used are balik angin leaves because these leaves contain saponins. Leaves balik angin extraction using the infusion method. The results of the evaluation of the activities showed an increase in public knowledge about the impact of synthetic detergents on the environment and an increase in community skills in making environmentally friendly detergents. This activity is very useful in increasing the knowledge and skills of the community.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) merupakan sitokin proinflamasi yang terlibat dalam berbagai penyakit seperti radang selaput otak, rematik, asma, tuberkolosiS, periontitis kronis, crohn desease, hepatitis dan sinusitis hidung. Sehingga ekspresinya perlu dikontrol untuk mengatasi penyakit ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan skrining inhibitor reseptor TNF-alpha convertase (TACE) sehingga menurunkan ekspersi TNF-α. Dengan menurunnya produksi TNF-α maka dapat sebagai antiinflamasi atau imunosupresan. Salah satu tanaman yang dapat dipergunakan untuk skrining ini adalah A.excels. Metode yang dipergunakan untuk skrining melalui PASSonline dan Docking dengan PLANTS serta dilihat prediksi memasuki peredaran darah dengan SWISSADME. Berdasarkan PASSonline Senyawa yang memiliki skor probability to be active imunosupreasant tinggi adalah batulinic acid (0,724), alphitolic acid (0,763), cis-coumaroyl alphitolic acid (0,771). Sedangkan yang memiliki probability to be active antiinflamasi adalah batulinic acid (0,741) dan cis-coumaroyl alphitolic acid (0,783). Berdasarkan stabilitas interaksi, senyawa yang memiliki kemampuan minimal 80% terhadap ligand referensi adalah alphitonin (98,25%), alphitexolide (92,33%), cis-coumaroyl alphitolic acid (98,31%). Kesimpulannya senyawa yang berpotensi yang memiliki stabilitas interaksi yang bagus adalah cis-coumaroyl alphitolic acid dan alphitonin

Four granular formulations of preemergence herbicides-oxadiazon, oxadiazon in combination with simazine, dichlobenil, and oxyfluorfen + oryzalin-were evaluated for weed control and phytotoxic effects on 10 species of container-grown Australian rain forest plants. Herbicides were applied at half and at one and two times the manufacturer's recommended rate. Oxyfluorfen + oryzalin, oxadiazon, and oxadiazon + simazine controlled all weed species at half the recommended rates (1.0 + 0.5, 2.0, and 2.0 + 0.5 kg·ha-1, respectively) with no phytotoxic effects after 10 weeks to nine of the 10 rain forest species tested: broad-leafed lilly-pilly [Acmena hemilampra (F. Muell. ex Bailey) Merr. and Perry], red ash [Alphitonia excelsa (Cunn. ex Fenzl) Reisseck ex Benth.], rusty bean [Dysoxylum rufum (A. Rich.) Benth.], macaranga [Macaranga tanarius (L.) Muell. Arg.], fibrous satinash [Syzygium fibrosum (Bailey) T. Hartley and Perry], Queensland golden myrtle [Metrosideros queenslandica L.S. Smith], cluster fig [Ficus racemosa L.], corduroy tamarind [Arytera lautereriana (Bailey) Radlk.], and celerywood [Polyscias elegans (F. Muell and C. Moore) Harms]. Dichlobenil depressed plant growth of red ash and failed to control bittercress (Cardamine hirsuta L.) and green amaranth (Amaranthus viridus L.), even at twice the recommended rate (4.0 kg·ha-1). All herbicides applied at half the recommended rates produced minor to moderate plant injury within 5 weeks of the first application to corduroy tamarind and northern silky oak [Cardwellia sublimis F. Muell.]. A second application 10 weeks after the first caused no significant plant injury to corduroy tamarind but resulted in severe plant injury to northern silky oak. This finding validates the previously reported sensitivity of Proteaceous spp. to preemergence herbicides. Chemical names used: (2-tert-butyl-4-(2,4-dichloro-5-isopropoxyphenyl)-Δ2-1,3,4 oxadiazoline-5-one) (oxadiazon); (2-chloro-4,6-bisethylamino-1,3,5-triazine) (simazine); 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (dichlobenil); 2-chloro-1-(3-ethoxy-4-nitrophenoxy)-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzene (oxyfluorfen); and 3,5-dinitro-N4,N4 -dipropylsulfanilamide (oryzalin).

Alphitonia excelsa (Rhamnaceae) and Arcangelesia flava (Menispermaceae) are utilized by locals in Samar island for medicinal purposes. Extracts from twigs of A. excelsa exhibited antiproliferative activity against the A2780 human ovarian cancer cell line, while a stem extract of A. flava had potent activity in an antimalarial screen against the drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum Dd2 strain. Extracts of A. excelsa and A. flava were subjected to activity-guided isolation using column chromatography (silica gel and ODS) and HPLC. A. excelsa yielded betulinic acid (1) as its antiproliferative component, while A. flava gave palmatine (2) and jattrorrhizine (3) as its antiplasmodial components. These compounds were identified based on the comparison of their spectral data [nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopy (MS)] with literature values. The IC50 value of betulinic acid against A2780 cells was determined to be 20.6 μM. Both palmatine and jatrorrhizine had strong growth inhibitory activity against P. falciparum Dd2, with IC50 values of 0.41 μM and 0.43 μM, respectively.