Journal articles: 'AlMn System'

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Lilienfeld, D. A., M. Nastasi, H. H. Johnson, D. G. Ast, and J. W. Mayer. "The quasicrystalline transformation in the AlCr system." Journal of Materials Research 1, no. 2 (April 1986): 237–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1986.0237.

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Amorphous Al80Cr20 films were made by coevaporation and by room temperature ion irradiation of the coevaporated films. The amorphous phase was transformed into the quasicrystalline state through two routes: thermal and ion beam assisted anneal. The intensity of the quasicrystalline electron diffraction pattern increases continuously within the annealing temperature range from 547°to 607°C. The starting state of the films (as-deposited or ion-irradiated codeposited) had no effect on the thermal transformation to the quasicrystalline state. Ion irradiation of the amorphous phase at 200°C produces a more complete set of icosahedral diffraction lines. Icosahedral AlCr has the same reciprocal lattice spacings as icosahedral AlMn.

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Kang, Byung-Sub, Kwang-Pyo Chae, and Haeng-Ki Lee. "Half-Metallic Ferromagnetism in Chalcopyrite (AlGaMn)P2Alloys." Advances in Condensed Matter Physics 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/706957.

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We studied the electronic and magnetic properties of (Al1−yMny)GaP2(Ga-rich) and Al(Ga1−yMny)P2(Al-rich) withy = 0.03125, 0.0625, 0.09375, and 0.125 by using the first-principles calculations. The ferromagnetic Mn-doped AlGaP2chalcopyrite is the most energetically favorable one. The spin polarized Al(GaMn)P2state (Al-rich system) is more stable than spin polarized (AlMn)GaP2state (Ga-rich) with the magnetic moment of 3.8 μB/Mn. The Mn-doped AlGaP2yields strong half-metallic ground states. The states of host Al, Ga, or P atoms at the Fermi level are mainly a P-3pcharacter, which mediates a strong interaction between the Mn-3dand P-3pstates.

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Vlach, Martin, Ivana Stulíková, Bohumil Smola, Hana Kudrnova, Tomáš Kekule, Jaroslav Malek, and Vladivoj Ocenasek. "Phase Transformations and Recrystallization in Cold-Rolled Al–Mn, Al–Sc–Zr and Al–Mn–Sc–Zr Alloy." Defect and Diffusion Forum 354 (June 2014): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.354.93.

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The effect of cold-rolling on mechanical and electrical properties, microstructure and recrystallization behaviour of the AlMn, AlScZr and AlMnScZr alloys was studied. The materials were investigated during isothermal annealing at 300, 400, 500 and 550°C and during step-by-step quasilinear annealing from 200°C up to 600°C with a heating rate of 100 K/h followed by subsequent isothermal annealing at 600°C/5 h. Precipitation reactions were studied by electrical resistometry and (micro) hardness measurements. The microstructure development was investigated by electron microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction examinations. The hardening effect is due to uniformly distributed Al3Sc and/or Al3(Sc,Zr) particles. The distinct changes in resistivity of the alloys above ∼ 300°C are mainly caused by precipitation of Mn-containing particles. It has a negligible effect on hardness. Phase transformations in the AlMn and AlMnScZr alloys are highly enhanced by cold rolling. The precipitation is dependent on the deformation degree – the more deformation the more intensive precipitation of the Mn-containing particles. The combination of Mn, Sc and Zr additions to Al substantially suppresses recrystallization at 550°C. A partial recrystallization was observed in the AlScZr alloy and AlMnScZr alloy after annealing 550°C/60 min and 550°C/760 min, respectively. The decomposition sequence of the supersaturated solid solution of the AlMnScZr alloy is compatible with the decomposition sequence of the AlScZr system accompanied and/or followed by the formation of Mn-containing particles.

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Snitovsky, Yuri P. "Changes in the physical and mechanical properties of aluminum depending on the composition of the alloying elements." Yugra State University Bulletin 18, no. 4 (January 14, 2023): 68–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.18822/byusu20220468-76.

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Subject of research: the influence of the concentration and composition of alloying elements Mn, Ti, Cr, Y, Mo, W, V on the change in the aluminum recrystallization temperature. Purpose of research: to find the optimal concentration of alloying additives, at which the recrystallization temperature reaches its maximum value. Methods and objects of research: using the methods of thermodynamic analysis of binary state diagrams of aluminum with alloying additives, it has been established that the nature of the change in the recrystallization temperature depends on what type of eutectic or peritectic reaction the formation of intermetallic compounds belongs to. It is shown that aluminides act as alloy modifiers and impart high mechanical properties to products. Main results of research: it was found that for the AlMn system, the optimal content of Mn should be considered 0.2%, for the AlCr system, the maximum increase in the Al recrystallization temperature is observed at 0.6% Cr, for the AlY system, the mechanical properties of Al at elevated temperatures maximum at 1% Y.

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Zupanič, Franc, Boštjan Markoli, Iztok Naglič, Tobias Weingärtner, Anton Meden, and Tonica Bončina. "Phases in the Al-Corner of the Al–Mn–Be System." Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, no. 5 (June 18, 2013): 1308–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613001852.

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AbstractThis work studied the phases in the Al corner of the Al–Mn–Be phase diagram in the as-cast state and heat-treated conditions. Metallographic investigations, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were used for identifying the phases. The Be contents in the identified phases were precisely determined using Auger electron spectroscopy. The results indicated that Al6Mn does not dissolve Be, whilst λ-Al4Mn dissolves up to 7 at.% Be. The average composition of the T phase, which is normally designated as Al15Mn3Be2, was 72 at.% Al, 19 at.% Mn, and 9 at.% Be. The phase with the nominal composition Be4AlMn contained more Al than Mn. The atomic ratio Al:Mn was between 1.3:1 and 2:1. The hexagonal Be-rich phase did not dissolve any Al and Mn. The icosahedral quasicrystalline (IQC) phase contained up to 45 at.% Be. The compositions of T phase, λ–Al4Mn, IQC, and Be4AlMn may vary, however, the ratio (Al + Be):Mn remained constant, and was close either to four or six indicating substitution of Al atoms with Be atoms in these phases.

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ÇIRAK, Ezgi. "AN EVALUATION OF THE CURRENT REGULATIONS IN TURKISH AND GERMAN LEGAL SYSTEMS REGARDING CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR THE DISCLOSURE OF TRADE SECRETS." Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi 8, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 179–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.55027/tfm.1053471.

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Ticari sır, bir ticarî işletme veya şirketin faaliyet alanı ile ilgili olarak bağımsız ve ekonomik bir değeri olan veya sır sahibine rekabette avantaj sağlayan ve piyasada ilgili işletmeye başarı getiren, sınırlı bir çevre tarafından bilinen ve sahibinin alenileşmesini istemediği her türlü üretim, iş, pazarlama gibi hususlardaki bilgi, belge ve verilerdir. Ticari sırrın hukuka aykırı olarak ifşası, sır sahibine iktisadi açıdan zarar vereceği gibi serbest piyasa ekonomisinin istikrarını ve güvenini de zedeleyecektir. Ticari sırların ifşasının önlenmesi ve buna yönelik eylemlerin caydırıcılığının sağlanması için ceza hukukunun himayesi gerekli görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda hem Türk hukukunda hem de Alman hukukunda cezai düzenlemeler yer almaktadır. Ticari sırrın ve serbest piyasa ekonomisinin korunmasına yönelik olarak Türk Ticaret Kanunu (TTK) 62/1-a maddesinin atfıyla TTK madde 55/1-b-3 ve TTK madde 55/1-d bentlerinde yer alan fiiller, ticari sırların ifşasına ilişkin olarak TTK madde 62/1-a’daki haksız rekabet suçunun seçimlik hareketleri arasında düzenlenmiştir. Ayrıca TTK madde 62/1-c’de ticari sırların ele geçirilmesi suçu yer almaktadır. Bunun yanında korunan hukuki değer farklı olsa da suçun konusu bakımından benzer bir düzenleme Türk Ceza Kanunu’nun (TCK) 239. maddesinde ticarî sır, bankacılık sırrı veya müşteri sırrı niteliğindeki bilgi veya belgelerin açıklanması suçu yer almaktadır. Bu düzenlemeler birbirinden suça konu olan sırrın hukuka uygun ya da hukuka aykırı olarak elde edilip edilmediğine göre, sırrı bizzat ifşa etme ya da ifşaya yöneltme hareketine göre ayrılmaktadır. Ayrıca iki farklı kanunda yer alan bu düzenlemeler, suçun konusu bakımından benzer olduklarından somut olaya uygulanabilirlikleri ayrıca değerlendirilmelidir. Alman Haksız Rekabet Kanunu’nun (UWG) §17 ise iş ve işletme sırlarının ifşası suçunu düzenlemekteydi. Ancak Avrupa Birliği’nin 2016/943 sayılı Direktifi’ne uyum çalışmaları sonucunda UWG’de yer alan cezai yaptırımlar mülga edilip Ticari Sırların Korunması Kanunu’nun (GeschGehG) § 23 yeniden düzenlenmiş ancak suçun kapsamına giren haller GeschGehG’de yer alan diğer maddelere atıf yapılmak suretiyle düzenlenmiştir. Bunun yanında Alman Ceza Kanunun (StGB) § 203’te özel sırların ihlali suçu da ayrıca düzenlenmektedir. Ticari sırrın ifşasına yönelik suçlar her iki ülkenin mevzuatında da dağınık bir şekilde ele alınıp, eksik norm yöntemi ile düzenlenmiştir. Bu durum somut olaya hangi suç tipinin ya da suçun hangi seçimlik hareketinin uygulanması gerektiği konusunda problemlere neden olmaktadır. Bu bakımdan çalışmada ilgili suç tiplerinin ele alınış biçimleri, uygulama alanlarının sınırları ve ayrımları ele alınacaktır. Her bir suç tipinin unsurlarına ayrılarak incelenmesi daha detaylı bir çalışma gerektirdiğinden, bu çalışmada konuya ilişkin suç tiplerinin genel hatlarıyla ortaya konulması amaçlanmaktadır.

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ITO, Noboru, and Masaya INOUE. "Direct Drive System for ALMA Antenna." Journal of The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 130, no. 4 (2010): 212–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejjournal.130.212.

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Wong, Sandra. "Database Discovery: From a Migration Project to a Content Strategy." Library Resources & Technical Services 64, no. 2 (May 8, 2020): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/lrts.64n2.72.

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After migrating to Ex Libris’s Alma and Primo for its integrated library system (ILS) and discovery layer, library staff at Simon Fraser University (SFU) maintained duplicate database information in a locally developed electronic resources management (ERM) system known as the CUFTS ERM for fifteen months. The CUFTS ERM provided the data for the library’s public-facing database list known as the CUFTS resource database (CRDB). A database search function had been on Ex Libris’s Primo roadmap for product development and was announced six months after the library went live with Alma and Primo. However, the new Primo database search function lacked the ability to replace the CRDB. Members of the library’s ILS Steering Committee who managed Alma and Primo were concerned about significant negative impacts on end-users if the library adopted Primo to replace the CRDB. The steering committee formed a task group to investigate options for creating a database list from Alma records to reduce duplication of staff time and effort, and systems resources, and to replicate the main functions of the existing CRDB for end-user discovery and access.

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Marino, S., M. C. Wyatt, G. M. Kennedy, W. Holland, L. Matrà, A. Shannon, and R. J. Ivison. "ALMA observations of the multiplanet system 61 Vir: what lies outside super-Earth systems?" Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 469, no. 3 (May 6, 2017): 3518–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx1102.

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Yang, Yushi, Antonia Joy Rivera, Christopher R. Fortier, and James H. Abernathy. "A Human Factors Engineering Study of the Medication Delivery Process during an Anesthetic." Anesthesiology 124, no. 4 (April 1, 2016): 795–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000001040.

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Abstract Background Prefilled syringes (PFS) have been recommended by the Anesthesia Patient Safety Foundation. However, aspects in PFS systems compared with self-filled syringes (SFS) systems have never been explored. The aim of this study is to compare system vulnerabilities (SVs) in the two systems and understand the impact of PFS on medication safety and efficiency in the context of anesthesiology medication delivery in operating rooms. Methods This study is primarily qualitative research, with a quantitative portion. A work system analysis was conducted to analyze the complicated anesthesia work system using human factors principles and identify SVs. Anesthesia providers were shadowed: (1) during general surgery cases (n = 8) exclusively using SFS and (2) during general surgery cases (n = 9) using all commercially available PFS. A proactive risk assessment focus group was followed to understand the risk of each identified SV. Results PFS are superior to SFS in terms of the simplified work processes and the reduced number and associated risk of SVs. Eight SVs were found in the PFS system versus 21 in the SFS system. An SV example with high risk in the SFS system was a medication might need to be “drawn-up during surgery while completing other requests simultaneously.” This SV added cognitive complexity during anesthesiology medication delivery. However, it did not exist in the PFS system. Conclusions The inclusion of PFS into anesthesiology medication delivery has the potential to improve system safety and work efficiency. However, there were still opportunities for further improvement by addressing the remaining SVs and newly introduced complexity.

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Butler, B. J., A. Wootten, and R. L. Brown. "Observing Extrasolar Planetary Systems with ALMA." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 202 (2004): 442–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900218445.

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The next generation millimeter to submillimeter wavelength synthesis telescope, the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA), is an excellent instrument for direct and indirect detection of extrasolar giant planets and imaging of extrasolar planetary systems at all evolutionary stages. We examine some possibilities of ALMA in this respect here.

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Dieu, Vo Ngoc, and Peter Schegner. "Real Power Dispatch on Large Scale Power Systems by Augmented Lagrange Hopfield Network." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 1, no. 1 (January 2012): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2012010102.

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This paper proposes an augmented Lagrange Hopfield network (ALHN) for real power dispatch on large-scale power systems. The proposed ALHN is a continuous Hopfield network with its energy function based on augmented Lagrange function. For this combination, the ALHN method can easily deal with large-scale problems with nonlinear constraints. The proposed ALHN has been tested on systems from 40 units to 240 units, IEEE 118-bus and IEEE 300-bus systems, and the obtained results have been compared to those from other methods. The test results have shown that the ALHN method can obtain better solutions than the compared methods in a very fast manner. Therefore, the proposed ALHN could be favorable for implementation on the real power dispatch problems for large-scale systems.

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SERT, Cemil. "Interaction of Magnetic Field-Cardiovascular System as a Potential Risk." Turkiye Klinikleri Cardiovascular Sciences 28, no. 1 (2016): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5336/cardiosci.2015-47543.

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Prabu, K. Venkatesh, S. Sujitha, and M. Muppidathi Priya. "Online ALMA Development." International Journal on Cybernetics & Informatics 10, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5121/ijci.2021.100228.

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In our project graduates are our finest ambassadors and we are proud to count captains of industry, senior scientists and successful sports people among their number. Institute of Technology and Sciences ALUMNI ASSOCIATION links graduates and their alma mater. Membership of is free and automatic for all graduates and enables them to maintain a life-long relationship with their college. Graduates also benefit from a wide range of services including class reunions, alumni newsletter, souvenir gift items, alumni ID cards and access to a variety of alumni chapters around the world. With an office on campus This is also responsible for coordinating an online community for alumni worldwide, providing a unique opportunity to connect with other graduates via the Website. In our project graduates are our finest ambassadors and we are proud to count captains of industry, senior scientists and successful sports people among their number. Institute of Technology and Sciences ALUMNI ASSOCIATION links graduates and their alma mater. Membership of is free and automatic for all graduates and enables them to maintain a life-long relationship with their college. Graduates also benefit from a wide range of services including class reunions, alumni newsletter, alumni ID cards and access to a variety of alumni chapters around the world. With an office on campus This is also responsible for coordinating an online community for alumni worldwide, providing a unique opportunity to connect with other graduates via the Website Alumni can communicate to the students regarding job opportunities and the students can share the department technology activities to the alumni. The alumni and the student can communicate only through the admin permission. A system that will be able to manage alumni data of a college and provide easy access to the system. Final year students will be initially given a student login ID. Access to the system can help them in building connections to their projects or for placements. The system will automatically list all Alumni information their graduation and their status will be transferred from the student module to the alumni module.

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Neukirchen, Martin, Peter Kienbaum, David S. Warner, and Mark A. Warner. "Sympathetic Nervous System." Anesthesiology 109, no. 6 (December 1, 2008): 1113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e31818e435c.

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For more than 100 yr, scientists have studied the sympathetic nervous system and its cardiovascular control mechanisms. Muscle sympathetic activity is the most important direct and rapidly responding variable for evaluation of sympathetic neural outflow. Because of its significance in response to environmental challenges and its role in cardiovascular control, great attention has been paid to the sympathetic nervous system in both health and disease and, more recently, also during general anesthesia. In fact, general anesthesia can also be considered as an investigational tool to assess mechanisms of cardiovascular regulation. This review evaluates different methods for determination of sympathetic nervous system activity and describes its role in human neurohumoral circulatory control. Furthermore, the effects of general anesthesia on sympathetic nervous system activity and their relevance for clinical anesthesia are discussed.

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Hales, A., A. Wootten, and B. Butler. "Observing Extrasolar Planetary Systems with ALMA." EAS Publications Series 42 (2010): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/eas/1042014.

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Green, Melissa A., Georgina Perez, India J. Ornelas, Anh N. Tran, Connie Blumenthal, Michelle Lyn, and Giselle Corbie-Smith. "Amigas Latinas Motivando el ALMA (ALMA)." Californian Journal of Health Promotion 10, SI-Latino (December 1, 2012): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.32398/cjhp.v10isi-latino.1482.

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Use of mental health care services for psychological distress is limited among Latino immigrants. In geographic areas where migration has been rapid, mental health systems possess limited capacity to provide bilingual and bicultural assistance. The development of a bilingual and bicultural workforce is a necessary yet long-term solution. More immediate strategies, however, are needed to meet the needs of immigrant Latinos. This paper describes the development of a stress-reduction focused, lay health advisor training that targets individual behavior change among Latina immigrants. The theoretical foundation, curriculum components, and pilot implementation of the training are discussed. As natural leaders, Latina promotoras disseminated learned strategies and resources within their communities. The lay health advisor model is a salient method for disseminating information regarding mental health and stress reduction among Latinas.

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Dewangan, L. K., I. I. Zinchenko, P. M. Zemlyanukha, S. Y. Liu, Y. N. Su, S. E. Kurtz, D. K. Ojha, A. G. Pazukhin, and Y. D. Mayya. "The Disk–Outflow System around the Rare Young O-type Protostar W42-MME." Astrophysical Journal 925, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac36dd.

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Abstract We present line and continuum observations (resolution ∼0.″3–3.″5) made with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), Submillimeter Array, and Very Large Array of a young O-type protostar W42-MME (mass: 19 ± 4 M ⊙). The ALMA 1.35 mm continuum map (resolution ∼1″) shows that W42-MME is embedded in one of the cores (i.e., MM1) located within a thermally supercritical filament-like feature (extent ∼0.15 pc) containing three cores (mass ∼1–4.4 M ⊙). Several dense/hot gas tracers are detected toward MM1, suggesting the presence of a hot molecular core with a gas temperature of ∼38–220 K. The ALMA 865 μm continuum map (resolution ∼0.″3) reveals at least five continuum sources/peaks (A–E) within a dusty envelope (extent ∼9000 au) toward MM1, where shocks are traced in the SiO (8–7) emission. Source A associated with W42-MME is seen almost at the center of the dusty envelope and is surrounded by other continuum peaks. The ALMA CO (3–2) and SiO (8–7) line observations show the bipolar outflow extended below 10,000 au, which is driven by source A. The ALMA data hint at the episodic ejections from W42-MME. A disk-like feature (extent ∼2000 au, mass ∼1 M ⊙) with velocity gradients is investigated in source A (dynamical mass ∼9 M ⊙) using the ALMA H13CO+ emission, and it is perpendicular to the CO outflow. A small-scale feature (below 3000 au), probably heated by UV radiation from the O-type star, is also investigated toward source A. Overall, W42-MME appears to gain mass from its disk and the dusty envelope.

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Cronin-Coltsmann, Patrick F., Grant M. Kennedy, Christian Adam, Quentin Kral, Jean-François Lestrade, Sebastian Marino, Luca Matrà, Simon J. Murphy, Johan Olofsson, and Mark C. Wyatt. "ALMA’s view of the M-dwarf GSC 07396-00759’s edge-on debris disc: AU Mic’s coeval twin." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 512, no. 4 (February 28, 2022): 4752–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac536.

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ABSTRACT We present new ALMA Band 7 observations of the edge-on debris disc around the M1V star GSC 07396-00759. At ∼20 Myr old and in the β Pictoris Moving Group along with AU Mic, GSC 07396-00759 joins it in the handful of low-mass M-dwarf discs to be resolved in the sub-mm. With previous VLT/SPHERE scattered light observations, we present a multiwavelength view of the dust distribution within the system under the effects of stellar wind forces. We find the mm dust grains to be well described by a Gaussian torus at 70 au with a full width at half-maximum of 48 au and we do not detect the presence of CO in the system. Our ALMA model radius is significantly smaller than the radius derived from polarimetric scattered light observations, implying complex behaviour in the scattering phase function. The brightness asymmetry in the disc observed in scattered light is not recovered in the ALMA observations, implying that the physical mechanism only affects smaller grain sizes. High-resolution follow-up observations of the system would allow investigation into its unique dust features as well as provide a true coeval comparison for its smaller sibling AU Mic, singularly well-observed amongst M-dwarfs systems.

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Hänger, Christian, and Annette Klein. "Alma an der UB Mannheim: ein Update." ABI Technik 38, no. 2 (July 4, 2018): 145–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/abitech-2018-2004.

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ZusammenfassungNach gut zwei Jahren produktivem Einsatz des Next Generation-Bibliothekssystems Alma an der Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim wird gezeigt, wie sich das System und die Abläufe der Bibliothek seitdem verändert haben. Ein besonderes Augenmerk liegt dabei auf der Einbindung von Alma in die deutschsprachige bibliothekarische Infrastruktur und dem Management von E-Ressourcen. Außerdem werden die systemtechnische Betreuung von Alma, die Schnittstellen von Alma und die Alma-Community thematisiert.

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Boardman, Erika. "Alma and Alma Analytics for e-resource usage data." Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship 35, no. 2 (April 3, 2023): 153–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1941126x.2023.2197797.

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Codella, C., S. Cabrit, F. Gueth, L. Podio, S. Leurini, R. Bachiller, A. Gusdorf, et al. "The ALMA view of the protostellar system HH212." Astronomy & Astrophysics 568 (August 2014): L5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201424103.

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Ciampini, D., M. Papini, and J. K. Spelt. "Characterization of vibratory finishing using the Almen system." Wear 264, no. 7-8 (March 2008): 671–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wear.2007.06.002.

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Bause, George S. "The Boston Anesthesia System." Anesthesiology 114, no. 2 (February 1, 2011): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e318210be60.

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Crew, G. B., C. Goddi, L. D. Matthews, H. Rottmann, A. Saez, and I. Martí-Vidal. "A Characterization of the ALMA Phasing System at 345 GHz." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 135, no. 1044 (February 1, 2023): 025002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1538-3873/acb348.

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Abstract The development of the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) phasing system (APS) has allowed ALMA to function as an extraordinarily sensitive station for very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) at frequencies of up to 230 GHz (λ ≈ 1.3 mm). Efforts are now underway to extend the use of the APS to 345 GHz (λ ≈ 0.87 mm). Here we report a characterization of APS performance at 345 GHz based on a series of tests carried out between 2015 and 2021, including a successful global VLBI test campaign conducted in 2018 October in collaboration with the Event Horizon Telescope.

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Walczak, Ken, Grace Crim, Thane Gesite, Salome Habtemichael, Jack Morgan, Cynthia Tarr, Laris Turkic, and Jeff Wiedemann. "The GONet (Ground Observing Network) Camera: An Inexpensive Light Pollution Monitoring System." International Journal of Sustainable Lighting 23, no. 1 (May 10, 2021): 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26607/ijsl.v23i1.105.

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Instrumentation developed to monitor and characterize light pollution from the ground has helped frame our understanding of the impacts of artificial light at night (ALAN) [Bará, Lima, & Zamorano, 2019; Hänel et al., 2018; Zamorano et al., 2017]. All-sky imaging has been used to quantify and characterize ALAN in a variety of environments [D. M. Duriscoe, 2016; Jechow, Kyba, & Hölker, 2019]. Over the past decade growth in access to DIY electronics has afforded the opportunity for the development of new and affordable instrumentation for ALAN research. The GONet (Ground Observing Network) camera is an inexpensive (~USD 100), simple to use, all-sky imaging system designed to allow measurements of sky quality at night. Due to their ease of use and low price, GONet cameras allow observations by users with little technical expertise, large inter-comparison campaigns and deployments of opportunity. Developed as a student engineering project at the Adler Planetarium, initial field tests of the GONet system have demonstrated its utility as a tool that can benefit ALAN research. Here we present an overview of the design and use of the GONet device, methods of calibration, initial results from observations, potential use cases, and limitations of the system. What we describe here is the version 1 GONet camera. We conclude with a brief description of the version 2 unit already under development.

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Dartsch, Maria, Sebastian Dulski, Frauke Engels, Meike Gran, Jiri Kende, Stefan Lohrum, Robert Porth, et al. "Einführung des cloudbasierten Bibliothekssystems Alma in Berlin – ein Erfahrungsbericht." ABI Technik 38, no. 2 (July 4, 2018): 128–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/abitech-2018-2002.

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ZusammenfassungDie enge Zusammenarbeit der vier Berliner Universitätsbibliotheken Freie Universität Berlin (FU), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (HU), Technische Universität Berlin (TU), Universität der Künste Berlin (UdK). reicht weit zurück. Bereits vor der Jahrtausendwende haben die Berliner Universitätsbibliotheken (UBs) gemeinsam das Bibliothekssystem Aleph 500 ausgewählt und implementiert, danach folgten weitere Systeme – das Linking System SFX, die Digitale Bibliothek MetaLib und das Bibliotheksportal Primo. Es war daher folgerichtig und selbstverständlich, dass auch die Auswahl und Implementierung eines neuen Bibliothekssystems in enger Abstimmung und Zusammenarbeit erfolgte. Die Erfahrungen bei Vertragsverhandlungen und Implementierung von Alma sind Gegenstand des folgenden Berichtes.

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Luo, Qiu-yi, Tie Liu, Aaron T. Lee, Stella S. R. Offner, James di Francesco, Doug Johnstone, Mika Juvela, et al. "ALMA Survey of Orion Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (ALMASOP): A Forming Quadruple System with Continuum “Ribbons” and Intricate Outflows." Astrophysical Journal Letters 952, no. 1 (July 1, 2023): L2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acdddf.

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Abstract One of the most poorly understood aspects of low-mass star formation is how multiple-star systems are formed. Here we present the results of Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 6 observations toward a forming quadruple protostellar system, G206.93-16.61E2, in the Orion B molecular cloud. ALMA 1.3 mm continuum emission reveals four compact objects, of which two are Class I young stellar objects and the other two are likely in prestellar phase. The 1.3 mm continuum emission also shows three asymmetric ribbon-like structures that are connected to the four objects, with lengths ranging from ∼500 to ∼2200 au. By comparing our data with magnetohydrodynamic simulations, we suggest that these ribbons trace accretion flows and also function as gas bridges connecting the member protostars. Additionally, ALMA CO J = 2−1 line emission reveals a complicated molecular outflow associated with G206.93-16.61E2, with arc-like structures suggestive of an outflow cavity viewed pole-on.

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ÇAKMAK, Zübeyir Bilal, Burak AKPINAR, and Mahmut Oğuz SELBESOĞLU. "Accuracy Assessment of Mobile Lidar System in Different Environments." Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Sciences and Engineering 22, no. 5 (October 27, 2022): 1075–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.1139569.

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Teknolojideki gelişmelere paralel olarak mobil lidar sistemlerinin kullanım alanları günümüzde hızla artmaktadır. Özellikle GNSS ile konum belirlemenin mümkün olmadığı kapalı alanlarda SLAM algoritmalarının sağladığı avantajlar ile haritalama çalışmaları yüksek doğrulukta hızda yapılabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, geliştirilen bir mobil lidar sistemi ile ağaçlık alan, kapalı alan ve dış mekanda yapılan ölçmeler sonucunda söz konusu alanların üç boyutlu modelleri üretilmiş ve üretilen modellerin doğruluk analizi yapılarak, GNSS ile konumlamanın mümkün olmadığı durumlarda mobil lidar sistemlerinin doğrulukları araştırılmıştır. Yapılan testler sonucunda geliştirilen mobil lidar sistemi ile ağaçlık alanlar, kapalı alanlar ve dış mekanlarda yapılan çalışmalar için sırasıyla ±2.1 cm, ±2.4 cm ve ±3.0 cm standart sapma değerleri elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre sistemin orman envanterinin belirlenmesi çalışmalarında, kapalı ve açık alanlarda yapılacak mimari rölöve vb çalışmalarda kullanılabileceği öngörülmektedir.

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Pemjean, Alfredo. "Mental health in primary healthcare in Chile." International Psychiatry 7, no. 1 (January 2010): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600000916.

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Chile has two major national health systems, the public one, which serves nearly 80% of the country's close to 17 million population, and the private one, which serves the other 20%. The public primary healthcare system has been developing in Chile since before the Alma Ata Conference in 1978 (which produced the first international declaration on the importance of primary healthcare).

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Wanderer, Jonathan P., and James P. Rathmell. "Anesthesiologists: Physicians to the System." Anesthesiology 126, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): A21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000001551.

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Cagnin, Annachiara, Renzo Manara, Lamberto Piron, Mauro Dam, and Hugh C. Hemmings. "Hypernatremia-induced Limbic System Damage." Anesthesiology 114, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3181eff51a.

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Thị Trang, Nguyễn, Lê Văn Vinh, and Phạm Khắc Hùng. "Effects of the structure of AlBN layer on mechanical properties of CrN/AlBN/CrN multilayered systems." Journal of Science, Natural Science 61, no. 4 (2016): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18173/2354-1059.2016-0005.

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Walczak, Ken, Geza Gyuk, Jesus Garcia, and Cynthia Tarr. "Light Pollution Mapping from a Stratospheric High-Altitude Balloon Platform." International Journal of Sustainable Lighting 23, no. 1 (May 10, 2021): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26607/ijsl.v23i1.106.

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The NITELite (Night Imaging of Terrestrial Environments Lite) system is a method of collecting regional-scale light emissions data from a latex high-altitude balloon (LHAB) platform. An LHAB can reach altitudes of 25-30km from where the nighttime imaging is performed. LHAB missions are relatively low cost (<$2000US/flight) and easy to repeat. A NITELite mission collects data with high resolution (<10m/px), color information (RGB) over a region of thousands of square kilometers. This system provides a new source of data for remote sensing of artificial light at night (ALAN) research, filling the data gap between aerial and satellite observations. Nighttime LHAB-based imaging can provide data to support fields of ALAN research such as observation of real-time variability, monitoring effects of seasonal changes and events of interest, and measuring angular dependence of ALAN sources. NITELite includes an imaging system, an inertial and positional recording on-board-computer, and an altitude control system. Preliminary results demonstrate the potential of this method for future ALAN research.

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Marino, S., M. C. Wyatt, G. M. Kennedy, M. Kama, L. Matrà, A. H. M. J. Triaud, and Th Henning. "Searching for a dusty cometary belt around TRAPPIST-1 with ALMA." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492, no. 4 (January 29, 2020): 6067–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa266.

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ABSTRACT Low-mass stars might offer today the best opportunities to detect and characterize planetary systems, especially those harbouring close-in low-mass temperate planets. Among those stars, TRAPPIST-1 is exceptional since it has seven Earth-sized planets, of which three could sustain liquid water on their surfaces. Here we present new and deep ALMA observations of TRAPPIST-1 to look for an exo-Kuiper belt which can provide clues about the formation and architecture of this system. Our observations at 0.88 mm did not detect dust emission, but can place an upper limit of 23 µJy if the belt is smaller than 4 au, and 0.15 mJy if resolved and 100 au in radius. These limits correspond to low dust masses of ∼10−5 to 10−2 M⊕, which are expected after 8 Gyr of collisional evolution unless the system was born with a >20 M⊕ belt of 100 km-sized planetesimals beyond 40 au or suffered a dynamical instability. This 20 M⊕ mass upper limit is comparable to the combined mass in TRAPPIST-1 planets, thus it is possible that most of the available solid mass in this system was used to form the known planets. A similar analysis of the ALMA data on Proxima Cen leads us to conclude that a belt born with a mass ≳1 M⊕ in 100 km-sized planetesimals could explain its putative outer belt at 30 au. We recommend that future characterizations of debris discs around low-mass stars should focus on nearby and young systems if possible.

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Song, Jian-gang, Hong-hai Li, Yun-fei Cao, Xin Lv, Ping Zhang, Ye-sheng Li, Yong-jun Zheng, et al. "Electroacupuncture Improves Survival in Rats with Lethal Endotoxemia via the Autonomic Nervous System." Anesthesiology 116, no. 2 (February 1, 2012): 406–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3182426ebd.

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Background Recent advances have indicated a complex interplay between the autonomic nervous system and the innate immune system. Targeting neural networks for the treatment of sepsis is being developed as a therapeutic strategy. Because electroacupuncture at select acupoints can modulate activities of the autonomic nervous system, we tested the hypothesis that electroacupuncture at specific acupoints could modulate systemic inflammatory responses and improve survival via its impact on the autonomic nervous system in a rat model of sepsis. Methods Sprague-Dawley male rats received electroacupuncture for 45 min before and at 1, 2, or 4 h after a lethal dose of intraperitoneal lipopolysaccharide injection (6 mg/kg). Outcomes included survival and systemic cytokine responses. Also, the possible roles of neural circuitry, including the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the autonomic nervous system, were evaluated. Results Electroacupuncture pretreatment at the Hegu acupoints significantly attenuate systemic inflammatory responses and improve survival rate from 20% to 80% in rats with lethal endotoxemia. Such a site-specific effect requires the activation of muscarinic receptors in the central nervous system, but not increasing central sympathetic tone. In the periphery synergistic, rather than independent, action of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems is also necessary. Conclusions Electroacupuncture pretreatment has a dramatic survival-enhancing effect in rats with lethal endotoxemia, which involves the activation of efferent neural circuits of the autonomic nervous system (e.g., cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway). This approach could be developed as a prophylactic treatment for sepsis or perioperative conditions related to excessive inflammation.

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Nayakshin, S. "The paradox of youth for ALMA planet candidates." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 493, no. 2 (February 3, 2020): 2910–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa246.

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ABSTRACT Recent ALMA observations indicate that the majority of bright protoplanetary discs show signatures of young moderately massive planets. I show that this result is paradoxical. The planets should evolve away from their observed states by radial migration and gas accretion in about 1 per cent of the system age. These systems should then hatch tens of giant planets in their lifetime, and there should exist a very large population of bright planet-less discs; none of this is observationally supported. An alternative scenario, in which the population of bright ALMA discs is dominated by secondary discs recently rejuvenated by deposition of new gas, is proposed. The data are well explained if the gaseous mass of the discs is comparable to a Jovian planet mass, and they last a small fraction of a Million years. Self-disruptions of dusty gas giant protoplanets, previously predicted in the context of the Tidal Downsizing theory of planet formation, provide a suitable mechanism for such injections of new fuel, and yield disc and planet properties commensurate with ALMA observations. If this scenario is correct, then the secondary discs have gas-to-dust ratios considerably smaller than 100, and long look ALMA and NIR/optical observations of dimmer targets should uncover dusty, not yet disrupted, gas clumps with sizes of order an au. Alternatively, secondary discs could originate from late external deposition of gas into the system, in which case we expect widespread signatures of warped outer discs that have not yet come into alignment with the planets.

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Samost-Williams, Aubrey, and Karen C. Nanji. "A Systems Theoretic Process Analysis of the Medication Use Process in the Operating Room." Anesthesiology 133, no. 2 (June 11, 2020): 332–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000003376.

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Background While 4 to 10% of medications administered in the operating room may involve an error, few investigations have prospectively modeled how these errors might occur. Systems theoretic process analysis is a prospective risk analysis technique that uses systems theory to identify hazards. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the use of systems theoretic process analysis in a healthcare organization to prospectively identify causal factors for medication errors in the operating room. Methods The authors completed a systems theoretic process analysis for the medication use process in the operating room at their institution. First, the authors defined medication-related accidents (adverse medication events) and hazards and created a hierarchical control structure (a schematic representation of the operating room medication use system). Then the authors analyzed this structure for unsafe control actions and causal scenarios that could lead to medication errors, incorporating input from surgeons, anesthesiologists, and pharmacists. The authors studied the entire medication use process, including requesting medications, dispensing, preparing, administering, documenting, and monitoring patients for the effects. Results were reported using descriptive statistics. Results The hierarchical control structure involved three tiers of controllers: perioperative leadership; management of patient care by the attending anesthesiologist, surgeon, and pharmacist; and execution of patient care by the anesthesia clinician in the operating room. The authors identified 66 unsafe control actions linked to 342 causal scenarios that could lead to medication errors. Eighty-two (24.0%) scenarios came from perioperative leadership, 103 (30.1%) from management of patient care, and 157 (45.9%) from execution of patient care. Conclusions In this study, the authors demonstrated the use of systems theoretic process analysis to describe potential causes of errors in the medication use process in the operating room. Causal scenarios were linked to controllers ranging from the frontline providers up to the highest levels of perioperative management. Systems theoretic process analysis is uniquely able to analyze management and leadership impacts on the system, making it useful for guiding quality improvement initiatives. Editor’s Perspective What We Already Know about This Topic What This Article Tells Us That Is New

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Ricci, L., P. Cazzoletti, I. Czekala, S. M. Andrews, D. Wilner, L. Szűcs, G. Lodato, et al. "ALMA Observations of the Young Substellar Binary System 2M1207." Astronomical Journal 154, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aa78a0.

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Su, Kate Y. L., Meredith A. MacGregor, Mark Booth, David J. Wilner, Kevin Flaherty, A. Meredith Hughes, Neil M. Phillips, et al. "ALMA 1.3 mm Map of the HD 95086 System." Astronomical Journal 154, no. 6 (November 14, 2017): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aa906b.

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Dudek-Dyduch, Ewa, Zbigniew Gomolka, Boguslaw Twarog, and Ewa Zeslawska. "Intelligent ALMM System - implementation assumptions for its Knowledge Base." ITM Web of Conferences 21 (2018): 00002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20182100002.

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The paper introduces the concept of implementation assumptions about the Knowledge Base (KB) system cooperating with intelligent information system for the discrete optimization of problem solving, named Intelligent ALMM System. This system utilizes a modeling paradigm named Algebraic Logical Meta Model of Multistage Decision Processes (ALMM) and its theory, both developed by Dudek-Dyduch E. The system solves combinatorial and discrete optimization problems including NP-hard problems with possible user assistance. The models of problems are stored in a Problem Model Library. In this paper the idea of KB for the storage of the properties of problems is presented. The concept of the KB on problems presented in previous works has been extended by introducing an additional module pertaining to the properties of a problems library. A discussion was presented in the context of the selection of tools that enable the construction of such a library as well as its architecture. In the adopted strategy of storing the properties of problems, the interface for exchanging information is compatible with the library of problems using polymorphic and component properties of object-oriented programming. Considerations are explained by means of a sample UML diagram and interface prototypes.

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White, Jacob Aaron, A. C. Boley, M. A. MacGregor, A. M. Hughes, and D. J. Wilner. "ALMA and VLA observations of the HD 141569 system." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 474, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 4500–4506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx3098.

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Ediss, Geoffrey A., Joshua Crabtree, Kirk Crady, Erik Gaines, Morgan McLeod, Greg Morris, Rick Williams, Antonio Perfetto, and John Webber. "ALMA North American Integration Center Front-End Test System." Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves 31, no. 10 (August 27, 2010): 1182–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10762-010-9688-y.

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EKMEKÇİ, Mehmet. "Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sisteminin Cumhurbaşkanlığı İdari Teşkilatına Etkileri." Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences 21, no. 3 (July 31, 2022): 1283–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.21547/jss.1100830.

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21/01/2017 tarih ve 6771 sayılı “Anayasa’da Değişiklik Yapılmasında Dair Kanun” kapsamında yapılan Anayasa değişikliği, 16/04/2022 tarihinde yapılan referandum ile onaylanmış ve 09/07/2018 tarihinden itibaren bütünüyle yürürlüğe girmiştir. Parlamenter sistemin yerini alan ve ABD’deki başkanlık sisteminin Türkiye’ye özgü bir uyarlaması olan Cumhurbaşkanlığı hükümet sistemi, 1982 Anayasası’nın 104. maddesine göre yürütme yetkisinin tek başına devletin başı olan Cumhurbaşkanına verildiği monist yapılı bir sistemdir. Cumhurbaşkanlığı sisteminin ortaya çıkışında, geçmişte yaşanan hükümet krizleri ve parlamenter sistemin istikrarsız hükümetlere neden olduğu yönündeki kanaat belirleyici etken olmuştur. Cumhurbaşkanlığı sisteminin getirmiş olduğu en önemli yeniliklerden biri, yürütme yetkisinin Cumhurbaşkanı’nda toplanması olmuştur. Parlamenter sistemden farklı olarak Cumhurbaşkanlığı sisteminde, Cumhurbaşkanı’nın geniş görev ve yetkisini kullanırken kendisine yardımcı olan bakanlıklar dışında teşkilata gereksinimi vardır. Bu teşkilat; Cumhurbaşkanlığı makamı, Cumhurbaşkanlığı idari işler başkanlığı, Cumhurbaşkanı yardımcıları ve Cumhurbaşkanlığı politika kurullarından oluşmaktadır. Çalışmada, nitel bir yöntem kullanılarak analitik eleştirel çerçevede, genellikle birincil ve ikincil kaynaklardan yararlanmak suretiyle betimsel ve söylevsel bir metodoloji kullanılmaktadır.

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Mashour, George A., and Michael T. Alkire. "Consciousness, Anesthesia, and the Thalamocortical System." Anesthesiology 118, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e318277a9c6.

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Çiftçi, Nursevim, Şule Karadeniz, Derya Deniz Şirinyıldız, and Aslı Yorulmaz. "Environmental pollutants notifications in Rapid Alert System for Food and Feed." Food and Health 8, no. 2 (2022): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.3153/fh22009.

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Rapid Alarm System for Food and Feed (RASFF); is a database created by the European Commission that provides rapid information flow and response when risks to public health are identified in the food chain. Within the scope of this study, a detailed report was prepared on the notifications of environmental pollutants in foods in the Rapid Alarm System database between 2000 and 2020. All data obtained from the system were evaluated using Microsoft Office Excel 2010. When 774 notifications made in 21 years were examined, it was determined that 32% of the notifications were about “fish and fish products”, 29% about “oils and fats” and 11% about “dietetic products and food supplements”. The main problem (12% of the notifications) was determined to be “polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons”. Among all notifications, 33% of them were found to have a “serious risk” degree. The highest number of notifications (81 notifications) was detected in 2001. Additionally, 61% of the notifications were in the “alert”, 13% “information”, 11% “information for attention”, 11% “border rejection” and 4% “information follow-up” notifications. Most of the notifications (415 notifications) were created as a result of official controls in the market. Germany was the country with the highest notifications, with 178 notifications. As a result of the notifications, sanctions were generally imposed on “withdrawal of products from the market” and “withdrawal of products from the market by the manufacturer”. Considering the decrease in PAH notifications from food-related environmental pollutants over the years, it can be thought that the Rapid Alert System was effective in the decrease in the number of notifications.

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Bosch, Dirk J., Gertrude J. Nieuwenhuijs-Moeke, Matijs van Meurs, Wayel H. Abdulahad, and Michel M. R. F. Struys. "Immune Modulatory Effects of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in the Perioperative Period and Their Consequence on Postoperative Outcome." Anesthesiology 136, no. 5 (February 18, 2022): 843–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000004141.

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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are among the most commonly administered drugs in the perioperative period due to their prominent role in pain management. However, they potentially have perioperative consequences due to immune-modulating effects through the inhibition of prostanoid synthesis, thereby affecting the levels of various cytokines. These effects may have a direct impact on the postoperative outcome of patients since the immune system aims to restore homeostasis and plays an indispensable role in regeneration and repair. By affecting the immune response, consequences can be expected on various organ systems. This narrative review aims to highlight these potential immune system–related consequences, which include systemic inflammatory response syndrome, acute respiratory distress syndrome, immediate and persistent postoperative pain, effects on oncological and neurologic outcome, and wound, anastomotic, and bone healing.

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Dean, Meryll. "Legal transplants and jury trial in Japan." Legal Studies 31, no. 4 (December 2011): 570–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.2011.00197.x.

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Alan Watson's theory of legal transplants was pioneering and innovative. It moved comparative law beyond ideas of legal families and legal systems by providing both a tool and a metaphor for examining hybrid, or mixed, legal systems. However, socio-legal comparativists in particular criticised his approach because of its failure adequately to acknowledge the importance of legal culture in transplant theory. As a hybrid legal system Japan provides an operative laboratory of comparative law. This paper examines jury trial to evaluate Watson's theory. It concludes by offering a new threefold categorisation of legal transplants.

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Ginolfi, M., G. C. Jones, M. Béthermin, A. Faisst, B. C. Lemaux, D. Schaerer, Y. Fudamoto, et al. "The ALPINE-ALMA [CII] survey." Astronomy & Astrophysics 643 (October 27, 2020): A7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038284.

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We present ALMA observations of a merging system at z ∼ 4.57, observed as a part of the ALMA Large Program to INvestigate [CII] at Early times (ALPINE) survey. Combining ALMA [CII]158 μm and far-infrared continuum data with multi-wavelength ancillary data, we find that the system is composed of two massive (M⋆ ≳ 1010 M⊙) star-forming galaxies experiencing a major merger (stellar mass ratio rmass ≳ 0.9) at close spatial (∼13 kpc; projected) and velocity (Δv < 300 km s−1) separations, and two additional faint narrow [CII]-emitting satellites. The overall system belongs to a larger scale protocluster environment and is coincident to one of its overdensity peaks. Additionally, ALMA reveals the presence of [CII] emission arising from a circumgalactic gas structure, extending up to a diameter-scale of ∼30 kpc. Our morpho-spectral decomposition analysis shows that about 50% of the total flux resides between the individual galaxy components, in a metal-enriched gaseous envelope characterised by a disturbed morphology and complex kinematics. Similarly to observations of shock-excited [CII] emitted from tidal tails in local groups, our results can be interpreted as a possible signature of interstellar gas stripped by strong gravitational interactions, with a possible contribution from material ejected by galactic outflows and emission triggered by star formation in small faint satellites. Our findings suggest that mergers could be an efficient mechanism of gas mixing in the circumgalactic medium around high-z galaxies, and thus play a key role in the galaxy baryon cycle at early epochs.

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Dananay, Kacey L., and Michael F. Benard. "Artificial light at night decreases metamorphic duration and juvenile growth in a widespread amphibian." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1882 (July 4, 2018): 20180367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2018.0367.

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Artificial light at night (ALAN) affects over 20% of the earth's surface and is estimated to increase 6% per year. Most studies of ALAN have focused on a single mechanism or life stage. We tested for indirect and direct ALAN effects that occurred by altering American toads' ( Anaxyrus americanus ) ecological interactions or by altering toad development and growth, respectively. We conducted an experiment over two life stages using outdoor mesocosms and indoor terraria. In the first phase, the presence of ALAN reduced metamorphic duration and periphyton biomass. The effects of ALAN appeared to be mediated through direct effects on toad development, and we found no evidence for indirect effects of ALAN acting through altered ecological interactions or colonization. In the second phase, post-metamorphic toad growth was reduced by 15% in the ALAN treatment. Juvenile-stage ALAN also affected toad activity: in natural light, toads retreated into leaf litter at night whereas ALAN toads did not change behaviour. Carry-over effects of ALAN were also present; juvenile toads that had been exposed to larval ALAN exhibited marginally increased activity. In this time frame and system, our experiments suggested ALAN's effects act primarily through direct effects, rather than indirect effects, and can persist across life stages.

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Journal articles on the topic 'AlMn System'

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