Relevant bibliographies by topics / Allylamides

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Allylamides'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 23 November 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Allylamides"

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Krompiec, Stanisław, Mariola Pigulla, Michał Krompiec, Stefan Baj, Julita Mrowiec-Białoń, and Janusz Kasperczyk. "Highly selective isomerization of N-allylamides and N-allylamines." Tetrahedron Letters 45, no. 27 (June 2004): 5257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.05.023.

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Chiacchio, Ugo, Gianluigi Broggini, Roberto Romeo, Silvia Gazzola, Maria A. Chiacchio, Salvatore V. Giofrè, Bartolo Gabriele, Raffaella Mancuso, Giuseppe Floresta, and Chiara Zagni. "Intramolecular oxidative palladium-catalyzed diamination reactions of alkenyl sulfamates: an efficient synthesis of [1,2,5]thiadiazolo-fused piperazinones." RSC Advances 6, no. 62 (2016): 57521–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra13141g.

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Ranjith, Jala, Nomula Rajesh, Balasubramanian Sridhar, and Palakodety Radha Krishna. "Intramolecular oxyacetoxylation of N-allylamides: an expeditious synthesis of oxazolines and oxazines by using a PhI(OAc)2/hydrogen fluoride–pyridine system." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 14, no. 42 (2016): 10074–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ob01752e.

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Deng, Qiao-Hui, Jia-Rong Chen, Qiang Wei, Quan-Qing Zhao, Liang-Qiu Lu, and Wen-Jing Xiao. "Visible-light-induced photocatalytic oxytrifluoromethylation of N-allylamides for the synthesis of CF3-containing oxazolines and benzoxazines." Chem. Commun. 51, no. 17 (2015): 3537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc10217g.

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A visible-light-induced photocatalytic oxytrifluoro-methylation reaction of N-allylamides has been described for the efficient synthesis of CF3-containing oxazolines and benzoxazines in generally high yields.
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Chen, Zhichao, Hong Zhang, Shu-Feng Zhou, and Xiuling Cui. "Photoredox-catalyzed synthesis of sulfonated oxazolines from N-allylamides through the insertion of sulfur dioxide." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 9, no. 2 (2022): 364–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qo01540k.

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Photoredox-catalyzed generation of sulfonated oxazolines starting from N-allylamides, DABCO·(SO2)2, and aryldiazonium salts has been developed and a range of sulfonated oxazolines were obtained in moderate to good yields.
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Neugnot, Benjamin, Jean-Christophe Cintrat, and Bernard Rousseau. "A new highly chemoselective isomerization of allylamides." Tetrahedron 60, no. 16 (April 2004): 3575–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2004.03.004.

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Krainova, G. F., I. A. Tolmacheva, M. N. Gorbunova, and V. V. Grishko. "Synthesis of lupane and a-secolupane allylamides." Chemistry of Natural Compounds 49, no. 2 (May 2013): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10600-013-0582-4.

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Wylie, Luke, Matthew Flynn, Victoria L. Blair, Philip C. Andrews, and Ekaterina I. Izgorodina. "Isomers of Alkali Metal (Methylbenzyl)allylamides: A Theoretical Perspective." ACS Omega 5, no. 16 (April 13, 2020): 9448–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c00652.

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Moon, Nicholas G., and Andrew M. Harned. "Iodine(III)-promoted synthesis of oxazolines from N-allylamides." Tetrahedron Letters 54, no. 23 (June 2013): 2960–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.03.140.

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Chiusoli, Gian Paolo, Mirco Costa, and Fausto Pivetti. "Rhodium-catalyzed coupling of N-allylamides of organic acids." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 373, no. 3 (September 1989): 385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-328x(89)85067-3.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Allylamides"

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Gommenginger, Clément. "Des ynamides pour la synthèse de molécules azotées fluorées inédites." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAF024.

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Ces travaux décrivent l’utilisation d’ynamides et de N-allènamides comme intermédiaires clés pour la synthèse d’hétérocycles azotés et fluorés inédits. Une réaction de cyclisation intramoléculaire de mésyl N-allènamides trifluorométhylés promue par le TBAF a permis la synthèse de y-sultames trifluorométhylés alors que, l’utilisation d’un mélange TBAF/acide acétique, a permis l’obtention de y-sultames gem-difluorés. La formation de diènes trifluorométhylés substitués par une fonction amide, obtenue par une réaction de métathèse d’ène-ynamides avec un aldéhyde, a permis la synthèse de plateformes moléculaires hautement fonctionnalisées. Le traitement de ces diènes par des amines primaires, a permis l’obtention stéréosélective de y-lactames trifluorométhylés à l’aide d’un processus domino d’hydroamination/isomérisation/transamidation. Enfin, la réduction régio- et stéréosélective de chaque double liaison des N-allènamides trifluorométhylés a été explorée. Des allylamides ont été obtenus par réduction de la partie énamide des N-allènamides, alors que des énamides ont été formés par isomérisation, en milieu basique des allylamides
This work describes the use of ynamides and N-allenamides as key intermediates for the synthesis of novel nitrogen and fluorine containing heterocycles. A TBAF-promoted intramolecular cyclization reaction of trifluoromethylated mesyl N-allenamides led to the synthesis of trifluoromethylated y-sultams, while the use of a TBAF/acetic acid mixture afforded gem-difluorinated y-sultams. The formation of amide-substituted trifluoromethylated dienes, obtained through metathesis of ene-ynamides with an aldehyde, enabled the synthesis of highly functionalized molecular platforms. Treatment of these dienes with primary amines enabled the stereoselective production of trifluoromethylated y-lactams via a domino hydroamination/isomerization/transamidation process. Finally, the regio- and stereoselective reduction of each double bond of trifluoromethylated N-allenamides was explored. Allylamides were obtained by reduction of the enamide part of N-allenamides, while enamides were formed by isomerization, in basic medium of allylamides
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O'Leary, Tracy Ann. "Allylamine plasma polymers as novel neuronal culture substrates." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251493.

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Suttie, Andrew William. "Allylamine toxicity and dedifferentiation of arterial smooth muscle cells in vitro." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390596.

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Chokalingam, Kumar. "Poly (Allylamine Hydrochloride) and Poly (Acrylic Acid) Multilayers for Gas Separation." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1187019230.

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Zhang, Yunfeng. "The adsorption and desorption of allylamine on the Si(100) surface." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 2008. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1456419.

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Nakamura, Akiko. "Investigation of FAD Chemical Models to Study the Monoamine Oxidase Catalyzed Oxidation of Cyclic Tertiary-Allylamines." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51589.

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Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) is a coenzyme that participates in the redox process of flavoenzymes. Attempts to characterize the catalytic pathways of these enzymes have relied in part on the use of FAD chemical models. The efforts described in this dissertation focus on the chemical model approach to investigate the mechanism of the monoamine oxidase (MAO) catalyzed oxidation of the cyclic tertiary allylamine 1-methyl-4-(2-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (TMMP), which is a close analog of the parkinsonian-inducing designer drug 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). MAO-B catalyzes the conversion of MPTP and its derivatives into active neurotoxins in the brain that subsequently mediate neurogenerative processes that mimic the events leading to idiopathic Parkinson\'s disease. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are currently used to treat early stages of Parkinson\'s disease. Two FAD chemical models are examined in this project: 5-ethyl-3-methyllumiflavinium perchlorate (5Et3MLF+ClO4-) and 3-methyllumiflavin (3MLF). The flavinium salt 5Et3MLF+ClO4- is an activated form of 3MLF. These FAD chemical models have been used to examine the MAO catalyzed oxidation. MAO-B is expressed in the brain and is known to be involved in the conversion of TMMP into the neurotoxic metabolite 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridnium (MMP+). MAO-B is responsible for the alpha-carbon oxidation of TMMP to yield 1-methyl-4-(2-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-2,3-dihydropyridinium (DHP+), which then undergoes a second 2-electron oxidation to MMP+. Previous findings demonstrated that 3MLF and 5Et3MLF+ClO4- promoted the oxidation reaction of primary and secondary amines but not tertiary amines. However, the cyclic tertiary allylamine TMMP has not been examined experimentally. Therefore, the alpha-carbon oxidation of TMMP in the presence of the FAD chemical models is reported in this dissertation. The effect of dioxygen and water on the activity of these FAD models is also investigated.
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Dehili, Chafika. "Using plasma polymerised allylamine to culture hepatocytes in in-vitro fluidic bioreactors." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13488/.

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Tissues constituting mammalian organisms are finitely organised 3-D multicellular structures where cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions are important modulators of functionality. The liver, being the site of metabolism in mammals, is extensively employed in in-vitro studies such as toxicology, drug testing and liver replacement. Most existing liver models have been static, homogenous 2-D models which have shown limited morphological and functional characteristics of in-vivo liver. With the improved understanding of the liver, these models became more sophisticated to comprise various liver and non-liver cell types, various configurations of extracellular matrix and complex scaffold supports, including fluidic systems. Fluidic supports for liver cells in-vitro are reported in this work and two different types were investigated. The first one was a glass based micro fluidic system with hexagonal structure to mimic the liver lobule. The second one was a standard flatplate fluidic chamber made of plastic (Ibidi channel). For the purpose of improving the attachment of the cells and the performance of the bioreactors examined, various substrate coating procedures were evaluated. The main coating techniques employed were collagen in two forms, adsorbed and gel, and plasma polymerised allylamine (ppAAm). The plasma coating procedures utilised in this work changed the surface properties of the substrate used by increasing the levels of nitrogen and improving hydrophilicity as demonstrated by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and contact angle measurements. The ppAAm penetrated both etched glass channels of the hexagonal bioreactor and the flat-plate chamber. The ppAAm films on etched glass channels had similar properties to the films produced on the glass surrounding the channels and coverslips. The ppAAm films obtained in the flat-plate chamber were different and they were characterised with a gradient of chemicals and hydrophilicity. This was because the Ibidi chamber is a closed environment and the plasma vapour infiltrated through the inlet and outlet at the ends of the channel. The attachment and functionality of primary rat hepatocytes seeded onto ppAAm films were evaluated using ppAAm coated coverslips and compared to coverslips coated with collagen gel. This demonstrated that both collagen gel and ppAAm improved the attachment, albumin secretion and 7-Ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activity of the cells compared to uncoated glass. The hexagonal glass bioreactor showed poor attachment of liver cells and this was enhanced with ppAAm coating. The Huh-7 cells incubated into ppAAm coated hexagonal bioreactor died and detached after incubation with media flow. One of the reasons for this was poor cellular attachment. An improved attachment, but not viability, was observed when the cells were seeded using the biotin-avidin technique. The ppAAm coated flat-plate chamber demonstrated low adhesion of primary rat hepatocytes. However, these channels showed good attachment when collagen type I was adsorbed onto the surface. The viability and functionality, when measured using albumin secretion and EROD, of primary rat hepatocytes were maintained for 5 days in closed fluidic circuit in mono-culture and co-culture with 3T3 cells. These promising results could be exploited to further develop these systems for in-vitro culture of liver cells.
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Hoskins, Clare. "The use of novel poly(allylamine) based amphiphilic polymers for drug delivery." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/511.

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Fourteen novel comb shaped amphiphilic polymers were successfully synthesised to determine the effect of polymer architecture on the potential of these amphiphilic polymers for hydrophobic drug delivery. Polyallylamine (PAA) was grafted with four different types of hydrophobic pendant groups (Cholesteryl (Ch), (Fmoc), (Dansyl)and (Naphth)). Some amphiphilic polymers were further reacted with methyl orange to form quaternary ammonium moieties. The polymers were characterised by elemental analysis and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). In the aqueous environment the amphiphilic polymers formed nano self assemblies with particle size from 99 to 284 nm. The critical aggregation concentration (CAC) of the self assemblies was successfully determined by surface tension measurement. The CAC ranged from the lowest value of 0.093 to the highest 1.5 mgmL-1 (Ch5 and Fmoc5 respectively). The Fmoc and Naphth grafted polymers showed the presence of two CMC values, this phenomenon was due to stacking of the planar hydrophobic ring structures resulting in excimer formation. The theory of excimer formation was confirmed by the observation of peak shifting on the emission spectra of the compounds in water over a large concentration range (0.023 – 3 mgmL-1). The drug loading potential of the polymers was investigated using five model hydrophobic drugs, propofol, prednisolone griseofulvin, etoposide and novel anticancer agent BNIPDaoct. The Ch5 and Dansyl10 showed excellent drug solubilisation capacities. At 6 mgmL-1 the Ch5 achieved propofol solubility 70-fold greater than its aqueous solubility, prednisolone, griseofulvin and etoposide solubility’s were increased 20-fold, 30-fold and 7-fold respectively. Similarly at 6 mgmL-1 the Dansyl10 achieved a 200-fold increase on the aqueous solubility of propofol and increased the solubility of prednisolone, griseofulvin and etoposide by 100-fold and 400-fold and 12-fold respectively. The Ch5 (at 1 mgmL-1) was also used to solubilise the novel anticancer agent Bisnaphthalimidopropyl diaminooctane (BNIPDaoct) which was otherwise insoluble achieving a solubilisation of 0.3 mgmL-1. The sizes of the optimal formulations differed greatly for both modified polymers. This was possibly due to the varying architectures of both the drug and the modified polymers and their ability to expand the hydrophobic core and shield the drugs from the ‘hostile’ aqueous environment. The in vitro drug release profiles, showed controlled release of the hydrophobic drugs from the core of the nano aggregates (Ch5 and Dansyl10), the time span for 100% of the drugs to be released ranged from 48- 96 h. Biological characterisation of the polymers found that most of the polymers showed negligible haemolytic activity over the concentrations tested (0.05 – 1 mgmL-1), the IC50 values for the cytotoxicity assay ranged from 0.01740 - 0.05585 mgmL-1 on Caco-2 cells (Fmoc5 to QCh5 respectively). The quaternized polymers showed a slightly better safety profile than their unquaternized counterparts, despite exhibiting low drug solubilisation capacities. The optimal formulations of Ch5 and Dansyl10 loaded with etoposide and BNIPDaoct were tested for their cytotoxicity in vitro on Caco-2 and HEK293 cells. All formulations were capable of lowering the IC50 values when compared with the free anticancer drugs, thus increasing their therapeutic effect. The Ch5 decreased the solubility of etoposide 2.2-fold and BNIPDaoct 1.3-fold on Caco-2 cells, with Dansyl10 achieving a 14 -fold and 16–fold reduction respectively. In vivo oral administration of Ch5 and Dansyl10, griseofulvin formulations demonstrated significantly enhanced the absorption of griseofulvin absorption in rats compared with griseofulvin in water (8.89-fold and 5.20-fold increase respectively on total concentration of griseofulvin solubilised over 24 h study). A formulation of Ch5, BNIPDaoct was also shown to significantly decrease the tumour growth when treated on tumour bearing nude mice over a 4 week period. This is the first time these novel PAA’s grafted with cholesteryl and dansyl have shown promising potential in hydrophobic drug delivery.
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Butty, Pascal. "Activité antifongique et mode d'action des allylamines sur les dermatophytes : évaluation de la concentration minimale inhibitrice et étude en microscopie électronique." Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON13517.

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Williams, Edward Spencer. "Dysregulation of nuclear factor kappa B activity and osteopontin expression in oxidant-induced atherogenesis." Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/175.

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NF-κB activity is critical in the regulation of atherosclerotic vascular smooth muscle cell (vSMC) phenotypes induced following oxidative injury by allylamine. The present studies were designed to detail dysregulation of NF-κB activity in these altered phenotypes, and to assess the importance of NF-κB in the regulation of osteopontin, a cytokine which modulates atherosclerosis. Increased degradation of IκBα was observed in allylamine-induced atherosclerotic vSMC phenotypes (henceforth referred to as allylamine cells). Enhanced phosphorylation of I-κ-kinases was observed by Western immunoblotting. NF-κB DNA binding activity as assessed by electrophoretic mobility shift assay demonstrated changes in the kinetics and magnitude of induction of binding. Enhancement of NF-κB binding activity was evident in allylamine cells compared to controls when seeded on plastic, fibronectin, and laminin, but not collagen I. Posttranscriptional alterations in Rel protein expression and nuclear localization partly account for changes in NF-κB DNA binding activity. Promoter-specific NF-κB binding profiles suggest altered dimer prevalence as a consequence of the changes in Rel protein expression. The expression of NF-κB regulated genes osteopontin and MMP-2 was enhanced in allylamine-treated aortas, while cyclin D1 and MMP-9 were unchanged. As the importance of osteopontin in atherosclerosis has been described in several models, subsequent studies were designed to assess osteopontin promoter activity. Activity of the osteopontin promoter was significantly reduced in allylamine cells compared to controls as assessed using a luciferase reporter. Deletion analysis suggested the presence of inhibitory cis-acting elements in the regulatory region of the gene. Mutation of these elements, including VDRE, AP-1, NF-κB, and USF1, indicated that NF-κB and USF1 mediate suppression of osteopontin promoter activity in allylamine cells. Decreased serine phosphorylation of immunoprecipitated RelA/p65 was observed in allylamine cells, indicating decreased ability of this protein to transactive gene promoters. NF-κB was found to play a role in suppression of osteopontin promoter activity by collagen I-mediated integrin signaling. These findings suggest that enhancements in NF-κB activity suppress osteopontin promoter activity in oxidant-activated vSMC cultures. Dysregulation of NF-κB activity occurs as a result of altered matrix and intracellular signaling upstream of the nucleus and possibly differential dimer assembly leading to cell-specific profiles of NF-κB-dependent gene regulation.
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Book chapters on the topic "Allylamides"

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Lide, David R. "Allylamine." In Handbook of Organic Solvents, 16. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003575191-16.

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Akutagawa, Susumu, and Kazuhide Tani. "Asymmetric Isomerization of Allylamines." In Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 145–61. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471721506.ch3.

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Ryder, Neil S., and Hubert Mieth. "Allylamine Antifungal Drugs." In Current Topics in Medical Mycology, 158–88. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2762-5_6.

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Steiner, G., and C. Zimmerer. "Poly(allylamine hydrochlorid) (PAH)." In Polymer Solids and Polymer Melts – Definitions and Physical Properties I, 626–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-32072-9_63.

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Wen, Xin, and Iwao Ojima. "Asymmetric Isomerization of Allylamines: Chapter 3 Addendum-1999." In Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis, 162–63. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0471721506.ch4.

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Zhuang, Hao, and Xin Jiang. "Allylamine Functionalization of 3C-SiC Thin Film." In PRICM, 1853–61. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118792148.ch231.

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Zhuang, Hao, and Xin Jiang. "Allylamine Functionalization of 3C-SiC Thin Film." In Proceedings of the 8th Pacific Rim International Congress on Advanced Materials and Processing, 1853–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48764-9_231.

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Kato, Kiminori, Mikio Nakazawa, Fumiaki Masani, Tohru Izumi, Akira Shibata, and Shoichi Imai. "Effect of Ethanol on Allylamine-Induced Subendocardial Fibrosis." In Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, 239–48. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2003-0_21.

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Rao, H. Q., Jian Xin Wang, X. Lu, Bo Feng, and Jie Weng. "Immobilization of Bovine Serum Albumin on Titanium through Plasma Polymerization of Allylamine and Crylic Acid." In Bioceramics 20, 713–16. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-457-x.713.

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"Allylamine." In Dermatology Therapy, 36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-29668-9_162.

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Conference papers on the topic "Allylamides"

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Jarvis, K., and P. Majewski. "Plasma polymerized allylamine functionalization of quartz particles for the removal of anionic water contaminants." In 2012 IEEE 39th International Conference on Plasma Sciences (ICOPS). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/plasma.2012.6383965.

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Hernaez, Miguel, Diego Lopez-Torres, Cesar Elosua, Ignacio R. Matias, and Francisco J. Arregui. "Sensitivity enhancement of a humidity sensor based on poly(sodium phosphate) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride)." In 2013 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2013.6688549.

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Molino, Jay J., Hirofumi Daiguji, and Fumio Takemura. "Size Control of Hollow Polylactic Acid Microcapsules and Hollow Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules in Bubble Template Method." In ASME/JSME 2011 8th Thermal Engineering Joint Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajtec2011-44556.

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Biodegradable hollow poly-lactic acid (PLA) microcapsules and hollow polyelectrolyte microcapsules made of poly-allylamine hydrochloride (PAH) were synthesized by directly adsorbing these polymers to N2 (air) and CO2 microbubbles respectively, using the bubble template method. To manufacture PLA microcapsules, droplets of a solution of PLA in methylene chloride (CH2Cl2) were emulsified in water. Then by solvent diffusion, N2 microbubbles nucleated inside the droplets and PLA adsorbed to the bubble surface to form microcapsules. Likewise, for PAH microcapsules, when an aqueous solution of Na2CO3 including PAH is titrated with HCl, within a specific range 7.5 < pH < 9.0, colloidal PAH particles are formed and then adsorbs to the nucleated CO2 microbubbles. This yields to hollow PAH microcapsules. If the solution pH is outside this range, colloidal particles can no longer exist, thus no microcapsules can be synthesized. This document mainly focuses on size control of these two types of microcapsules.
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Agarwal, Mangilal, Sudhir Shrestha, Parvin Ghane, and Kody Varahramyan. "Layer-by-Layer Nanoassembly of CIS Nanoparticles." In ASME 2010 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2010-34157.

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Copper Indium Selenium (CIS), due to its tunable wide band gap, has been widely studied for photovoltaic applications. In this work, CIS nanoparticles have been fabricated and functionalized with poly(sodium-4-styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and/or poly-allylamine hydrochloride (PAH), which allow them to disperse in aqueous solution. The resulting aqueous dispersion of CIS nanoparticles have subsequently been used to construct thin multilayer CIS films on flexible substrates using Layer-by-Layer (LbL) nanoassembly process. LbL nanoassembly is a cost-effective process that allows construction of composite nanoscale multilayer coatings of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, nanoparticles and/or other nanomaterials. The results from Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) show that the CIS nanoparticles with other polyelectrolytes, such as PSS and PAH, can be used to deposit thin films of controlled nanometer range thickness using LbL process. The utilization of the developed LbL based CIS films in solar cell fabrication is currently in progress.
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Hempel, F., J. Schäfer, H. Rebl, J. B. Nebe, K. D. Weltmann, and B. Finke. "Analysis of the aging of cell-adhesive plasma-polymer coatings on titanium surfaces." In 13th International Conference on Plasma Surface Engineering September 10 - 14, 2012, in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/wcc2.372-375.

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Plasma polymer deposition is the method of choice for the finishing of metallic implant materials like titanium with nitrogen-containing bioactive coatings. The deposited cell-adhesive plasma polymer films have to possess special properties such as homogeneity, film stability on air as well as in different media, sufficient density of functional groups and the appropriate surface charge. But also the knowledge of long-term stability is essential for the application as implant surface. Therefore, aging studies of plasma polymer coatings on titanium surfaces are important to detect the changes of surface chemistry over a longer time period. For this purpose, results of physicochemical surface diagnostics were combined with adequate tissue culture experiments. The objective of this paper was to measure surface chemical characteristics of thin plasma polymerized allylamine (PPAAm) coatings on polished titanium with the main focus on FT-IR studies over a time period of one year and to correlate these data with the adhesion of human MG-63 osteoblastic cells.
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Matsuoka, Eitaro, Satoshi Muto, and Hirofumi Daiguji. "Fabrication of Hollow Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules From Microbubble Templates." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18418.

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Hollow microcapsules made of biodegradable polymers have attracted considerable attention for ultrasound contrast agents and drug delivery system. In normal fabrication techniques, stable microbubbles are formed in a surfactant solution via ultrasound, then polyelectrolyte are adsorbed on the microbubble surface, resulting in hollow microcapsules. This document proposes a new method. First, a poly-allylamine hydrochloride (PAH) polyelectrolyte aqueous solution was adjusted at pH = 12.0. Carbon dioxide (CO2) was dissolved at 300 kPa (gage) in the polyelectrolyte solution. The pH of the solution decreased with increasing dissolved CO2, and the solution became turbid at pH = 9. The solution was then degassed at 1 atm, yielding microbubbles. The polyelectrolyte was then adsorbed on the microbubble surface and became the microcapsule shell. Very smooth spherical particulates were responsible of this. These particles were microbubbles and not aggregation of polyelectrolyte molecules; however, the particles did not coalesce, nor diffused into the solution, and were more stable compared to bubbles. Fluorescent analysis revealed that these particles were polyelectrolyte adsorbed to the bubble surface. This method was successfully used to fabricate hollow PAH polyelectrolyte microcapsules from microbubble templates without surfactants.
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Kerdjoudj, H., V. Moby, N. Berthelemy, J. C. Voegel, P. Menu, and J. F. Stoltz. "Use of Polyelectrolyte Films in Vascular Tissue Engineering." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192538.

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Vascular diseases with their high morbidity and mortality are a major challenge for medical science, engaging the best minds in modern medicine. The development of antithrombogenic surfaces still remains a huge challenge in the vascular tissue engineering field. Various researchers have expanded surface coating procedures allowing endothelial cells (EC) adhesion and retention on vascular substitutes or by incorporating some of the mechanisms employed by vascular endothelial cells i.e. heparin. The short in vivo patency of these grafts is related. Our group study evaluates a new surface modification based on polyelectrolyte building. The layer by layer self assembly and the result in polyelectrolyte multilayer films (PEM) became also in a recent past a challenging, simple and versatile way to engineer surfaces with highly specific properties. Previous studies indicated that the poly(sodium-4 styrene sulfonate)/poly (allylamine hydrochloride) PSS/PAH multilayered films when ended by PAH induce strong adhesion and retention of mature EC which spread and keep their phenotype as well on glass [1,2], on expanded polytetrafluoroethylene ePTFE [3] and on cryopreserved arteries [4,5]. The mechanical properties (compliance), leading to early intimal hyperplasia and graft failure, were lost after artery cryopreservation. We have demonstrated the compliance restoration of PEM treated cryopreserved close to native arteries [5]. The use of an autologous EC source avoids the immunological rejections of the grafts. With an autologous origin, high proliferation capacity and potentialities to proliferate and differentiate into matures EC, the endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) have raised huge interest and offer new opportunities in vascular engineering. Currents protocols for isolation and differentiation of EPC from peripheral blood requires at least 1 month to observe an endothelium-like morphology and about 2 months for confluent EC monolayer. The EPC cultivated on PEM treated glasses showed a monolayer development after only 14 days of culture. The morphological appearance and mature phenotype markers expression and repartition of the monolayer cells are close to mature EC [6]. These main results have led to French patent deposit in June 2007[7].
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Han, Li-Hsin, Tingji Tang, and Shaochen Chen. "Photo-Deformable Micro-Shells of Nanometer Thick." In ASME 4th Integrated Nanosystems Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nano2005-87059.

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Azobenzene is a chemical structure that directly transmits energy of ultraviolet (UV) light, through an isomerization between the trans and cis states of a double bond between two nitrogen atoms, to a mechanical effect that reduces its molecular length from 9.0 Å to 5.5 Å [1]. This phenomenon has been applied in the fabrication of photo-deformable polymers, where monomers containing azobenzene were polymerized to form gel-like materials [1, 2, 3]. The mechanism of photo-isomerization could be very promising for the field concerning nano/micro-electro-mechanical-system (MEMS/NEMS) [4]. Layer-by-layer (LBL) method [5, 6] is a method to form thinfilms of nanometer-scale thickness through a series of adsorptions of poly-anions and poly-cations onto a charged template. 3-dimensional (3D) hollow shells can be formed by casting the LBL film onto small particles and subsequently etching away the particles. [7–11]. This report is about a combination between the photoisomerization phenomenon and LBL method. Silica micro-spheres (6.84 μm in diameter) were used as templates. In a series of LBL procedures, poly- (1- 4- 3 carboxy- 4- hydroxyphenyl azobenzene sulfonaide-1, 2-ethanediyl, sodium salt) (PAZO) and poly-allylamine hydrochloride (PAH, a poly-cation) solutions were alternatively deposited onto the surfaces of the micro-spheres. Details of the procedures followed reference [9]. After 20 PAZO/PAH double layers were formed, we etched away the SiO2 cores by using 6:1 buffered hydrofluoride acid (BHF) and successfully formed 3-dimemsional (3D) hollow shells (Figure 1). We used a 355 nm Nd:YAG pulse-laser to irradiate the micro-shells. The microshells contracted anisotropically under the laser irradiation, and the shape of microshells changed from spherical to ellipsoidal. The long axes of the contracted microshell are parallel to the direction of the polarization of the UV laser (Figure 2). We believe that this anisotropic deformation is generated from a polarization dependence of the photo-isomerization rate of the azobenzene groups in the microshells. The deformed micro-shells were tested by irradiation of a 532nm pulse laser. The contraction, however, is not recoverable even through cis-trans isomerization was shown generated by visible-light irradiation [3]. To solve this problem, further study is needed to investigate the details of the micro-shells’ deformation. Nevertheless, we think it is quite possible that the irreversibility was resulted from the migrations and re-adhesions between the polyelectrolyte molecules during the UV irradiation. We believed that this kind of technique is very promising for the development micro and nanomachines (MEMS/NEMS). For instance, the large volumic shrinkage of the micro-shells could be applied to the field concerning nano-robots, artificial muscles, or drug delivery systems.
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