Journal articles on the topic 'Allied health personnel'
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1
Oakerlund, Vicki W., Paul B. Jackson, and Robert J. Parsons. "Recruitment and Retention of Allied Health Personnel." Journal of Ambulatory Care Marketing 5, no. 2 (January 31, 1995): 115–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j273v05n02_10.
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Braveman, Paula A., and Milton I. Roemer. "Health Personnel Training in the Nicaraguan Health System." International Journal of Health Services 15, no. 4 (October 1985): 699–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/c0nm-t69a-1ub8-yfq1.
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The “Unified National Health System” of Nicaragua was established in 1979, in an attempt to transform some of Latin America's worst health indices. This system, based on the stated principles of planning, regionalization, public participation, and primary care, has prioritized the development of health professions training programs appropriate to its special needs and principles. Public Health and Epidemiology training was inaugurated in 1982. A new campus of the School of Medicine was opened in 1981, increasing the number of medical students by a factor of five. Formal residency training (never before available within the country) in primary care specialties has been established. Training for allied health personnel has been formalized in several fields, with the establishment of the Polytechnical Institute of Health. The rapid increase in number and size of training programs has created a tremendous need for educational resources both human and material. This article reviews the status of health personnel training in Nicaragua today, the integration of these programs into planning for the health system, and problems arising from their rapid appearance.
3
Astle, William F., Sherif El-Defrawy, G. Robert LaRoche, Marc D. Lafontaine, Lynn D. Anderson, Margaret Dukes, Inika Anderson, and Nicholas Weirens. "Survey on allied health personnel in Canadian ophthalmology: the scalpel for change." Canadian Journal of Ophthalmology 46, no. 1 (February 2011): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3129/i10-126.
4
Herdman, Michael J. "Cardiopulmonary Pharmacology: A Handbook for Respiratory Practitioners and Other Allied Health Personnel." Respiratory Medicine 87, no. 1 (January 1993): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0954-6111(05)80323-3.
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Sosis, Mitchel B. "Cardiopulmonary pharmacology. A handbook for respiratory practitioners and other Allied Health Personnel." Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 8, no. 2 (April 1994): 248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/1053-0770(94)90084-1.
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VanSickle, D., K. Grossman, A. Sy, S. Bernstein, and G. Sanders. "Education of Allied Health Personnel Key in Improving Provider Practice in a Large Health System." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 125, no. 2 (February 2010): AB63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2009.12.970.
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Adamson, Barbara J., and Lynne Harris. "Health personnel: Perceived differences in professional relationships and work role." Australian Health Review 19, no. 3 (1996): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah960066.
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This study questions the validity of the assumption that the workplace culture andexperiences of health personnel are largely similar. The study compares nurses,occupational therapists, physiotherapists and speech therapists concerning theirperceptions of professional issues within their own profession, and their perceptionsof professional issues within the medical profession. Respondents completed aquestionnaire containing 55 items referring to their own profession, and 55 itemsreferring to the medical profession. Six scales were derived from the large surveyinstrument addressing issues regarding status/cohesiveness of the profession, professionalrelationships, and the role of the patient in health delivery in the respondent?sprofession, and in the medical profession. Nurses emerged as different to other healthpersonnel on most dimensions. Few differences emerged among allied healthprofessionals. Physiotherapists were more positive than occupational therapists aboutthe status/cohesiveness of their profession, and regarded the contribution of the patientto health delivery as less important. Speech therapists did not differ significantly fromoccupational therapists on any dimension.
8
Heyman, Joni. "Dramatic Strides Alleviate Personnel Shortages: Success Stories of the Allied Health Projects Grant Program." Laboratory Medicine 25, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/labmed/25.6.359.
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Duray, Mehmet, and Nesrin Yağcı. "Determining the factors affecting muscoloskeletal pain of the allied health personnel at Pamukkale University Hospital." Pamukkale Medical Journal 10, no. 2 (2017): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/ptd.2017.40326.
10
Saluja, Inderpal, Karl D. Theakston, and Janusz Kaczorowski. "Influenza vaccination rate among emergency department personnel: a survey of four teaching hospitals." CJEM 7, no. 01 (January 2005): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1481803500012884.
Abstract:
ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine influenza vaccination rates and attitudes toward vaccination among emergency department health care workers at 4 Ontario teaching hospitals. Methods: During the influenza season of 1999–2000 a confidential 28-item survey was distributed to emergency physicians and residents, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other allied health care workers at the emergency departments of 4 London, Ontario teaching hospitals. Results: Of 426 surveys distributed, 343 were returned, for an overall response rate of 80.5%. The mean age of respondents was 38.5 years (standard deviation = 8.3), 74.3% were female, and 86.6% were non-smokers. The overall vaccination rate was 37.0% (95% confidence interval, 31.9%–42.4%). Vaccination rates were 45.9% for respiratory therapists, 35.3% for emergency physicians and residents, 34.5% for nurses and 27.1% for other allied health care workers (p = 0.083). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age ≥41 and a chronic medical condition were positively associated with influenza vaccination (p < 0.05). Close to one-third of respondents (28.3%) believed that adverse affects were common, 51.6% believed vaccination was effective, 52% would support a program to improve vaccination rates among emergency department staff, and 24.4% would support mandatory vaccination for this population. Only 26.8% believed that patients were at increased risk of contracting influenza from emergency department staff, but 58.3% perceived that emergency department staff were at increased risk of contracting influenza through exposure to patients. Conclusions: In this study, only 37% of emergency department health care workers were immunized against influenza, with chronic illness and older age being the only 2 significant correlates. Strategies to improve emergency department health care worker attitudes toward influenza vaccination for themselves and to increase vaccination rates for this population should be developed.
11
Mead, Jean Suzanne. "Supervision: Differences in the Required Supervision for Allied Health Care Support Personnel: COTAs, PTAs, and SLPAs." Perspectives on Administration and Supervision 9, no. 3 (October 1999): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/aas9.3.13.
12
Sataloff, Robert Thayer. "The Council for Accreditation in Occupational Hearing Conservation: A Good Model for Training Allied Health Personnel." Ear, Nose & Throat Journal 85, no. 5 (May 2006): 294–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014556130608500501.
13
Okulate, G. T., and C. Oguine. "Homicidal violence during foreign military missions - prevention and legal issues." South African Journal of Psychiatry 12, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v12i1.52.
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<p><strong>Objectives.</strong> The study involved Nigerian soldiers engaged in peacekeeping missions in Liberia and Yugoslavia. Using case illustrations, the study sought to describe patterns of homicidal violence among soldiers from the same country or soldiers from allied forces, and to suggest possible reasons for the attacks.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Design and setting.</strong> Nigeria was actively involved in peacekeeping missions in Liberia between 1990 and 1996. During this period, intentional homicidal attacks occurred among the Nigerian military personnel. Post- homicidal interviews conducted among the perpetrators were combined with evidence obtained at military courts to produce the case studies.</p><p><strong>Subjects.</strong> Six Nigerian military personnel who attacked other Nigerians or soldiers from allied forces, with homicidal intent.</p><p><strong>Results.</strong> Possible predisposing and precipitating factors for these attacks were highlighted. The possibility of recognising these factors before embarking on overseas missions was discussed, so that preventive measures could be instituted as far as possible. Finally, medico-legal implications of homicide in the military were discussed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions.</strong> A certain degree of pre-combat selection is essential to exclude soldiers with definite severe psychopathology. A clearly defined length of duty in the mission areas and adequate communication with home could reduce maladjustment. Health personnel deployed to mission areas should be very conversant with mental health issues so that early recognition of psychological maladjustment is possible.</p>
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Görkem, Ümit, Cihan Toğrul, Hasan Ali İnal, Burçin Salman Özgü, and Tayfun Güngör. "Knowledge and attitudes of allied health personnel in university hospital related to Human Papilloma Virus and the vaccine." Turkish Bulletin of Hygiene and Experimental Biology 72, no. 4 (2015): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/turkhijyen.2015.35556.
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Alruways, Naif Hezam Fahad, Geza Abdulah AlAlwey, Ahmad Rayan Alfuraydi, Suliman Ali Alhussain, Nasser Ibrahim Aleidi, Adel Abdulah Aldukhil, Mohammed Nasser algdairy, Talal Saad Almutoua, Moteb Khaled Aldhwyan, and Satam awed al harbi. "The Future of Healthcare Quality and Safety." International Journal Of Pharmaceutical And Bio-Medical Science 02, no. 12 (December 16, 2022): 646–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47191/ijpbms/v2-i12-11.
Abstract:
A Health Care Organization (HCO) is by definition a complex organization due to the intangible outcome of service and a mix of diverse professional personnel. Healthcare quality management is a critical requirement in the health sector. Quality principles have always been present in health care. However, quality is not a physical characteristic of a service. The use of the term "Health Care Service" rather than "Medical Care" further defines the field and positions it as an entity that can be assessed, monitored, and improved. A quality healthcare system is "accessible, appropriate, available, affordable, effective, efficient, integrated, safe, and patient-centered." Practitioners in allied health services, dentistry, midwifery, obstetrics, medicine, nursing, optometry, pharmacy, psychology, and other care providers provide health care. Quality management in health care is a broad concept. It was initially perceived as directing healthcare personnel on what to do. However, its current meaning is to manage the care process. It refers to viewing organizational functions as a jumble of procedures and processes that can be addressed both individually and collectively. Despite the fact that various models have been proposed, Donabedian's concept of the triad of structure, process, and outcome remains the foundation of quality assessment today. Quality management has emerged as a more pressing need than ever before, owing to the new definition of quality, which includes patient satisfaction as an outcome of service. The quality of services provided to patients is critical. The traditional view of quality control focused on defect detection, whereas the current concept focuses on defect prevention, continuous process improvement, and an outcome-driven system guided by the needs of the patients. As a result, there is an urgent need to effect a paradigm shift in the quality of health care delivery. The authorities must take the initiative to become involved in quality. Currently, quality is being addressed more in the medical field than in allied fields such as dentistry and nursing, as well as in developing countries.
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Lee, Charlotte T., Katrina Arellano, Lauren Lovold, Vanessa Mesaglio, and Sanne Kaas-Mason. "A student-led interprofessional workshop on conflict management style." Journal of Nursing Education and Practice 8, no. 7 (January 30, 2018): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v8n7p38.
Abstract:
Student leadership in interprofessional education is known to bring positive influences to learning collaborative skills for nursing and other health professional trainees. Yet a scarce number of student-led interprofessional activities are described in the literature. This report describes one student-led interprofessional education workshop that is facilitated by personnel from a faculty interprofessional education program. Undergraduate students (N = 23) from nursing, allied health and social service training programs at one university in Toronto, Canada, participated in a one-time workshop regarding conflict management style. Findings from our evaluation survey showed that the workshop was well-received by participants and demonstrated utility and feasibility. Such outcomes provide supportive evidence for fostering student leadership in designing and implementing interprofessional teaching.
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Reilly, Michael, and David S. Markenson. "Education and Training of Hospital Workers: Who Are Essential Personnel during a Disaster?" Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 24, no. 3 (June 2009): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00006877.
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AbstractHospital plans often vary when it comes to the specific functional roles that are included in emergency and incident management positions.Bioterrorism coordinators and emergency managers for 31 hospitals in a seven-county region outside of a major metropolitan area, with urban, suburban, and rural demographics were surveyed to determine which specific functional roles were considered “essential” to their hospital's emergency operations plans. Furthermore, they were asked to estimate the percentage of their “essential” staff trained to perform the functional roles delineated in the hospital's plan. Responses were entered into a database and descriptive statistical computations were performed. Only three categories of hospital personnel were reported to be “essential” by all hospitals to their emergency preparedness plans: emergency department physicians, nurse, and support staff. Training for overall “essential” staff ranged by hospital 73.6–83.3%. Some hospitals reported that these staff members have received no training in their anticipated role based on the hospital emergency response plan. Allied health professionals and emergency medical technicians/paramedics (that are employed by hospitals) had the least amount of training on their role in the hospital preparedness and response plan, 33.3% and 22.2% respectively.Without improved guidance on benchmarks for preparedness from regulators and professional organizations, hospitals will continue to lack the capacity to effectively respond to disasters and public health emergencies.
18
Brooks, Damian, and Rachel Brooks. "A systematic review: what factors predict Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms in ambulance personnel?" British Paramedic Journal 5, no. 4 (March 1, 2021): 18–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.29045/14784726.2021.3.5.4.18.
Abstract:
<sec id="s1"> Background: Ambulance personnel are frequently exposed to traumatic accidents, which makes them a high risk for poor mental health. High rates of Post-Traumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) have been found within ambulance personnel samples but no review has been completed to examine the factors that may be implicated in the development of these symptoms. This literature review provides an overview of the factors that predict PTSS in ambulance personnel. </sec> <sec id="s2"> Methods: A systematic search strategy was conducted in April 2020 across the following four databases: PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, MEDLINE and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). </sec> <sec id="s3"> Results: Eighteen papers were included in this review, and the predictive factors examined were grouped into four categories: coping style, personal factors, environmental factors and organisational factors. </sec> <sec id="s4"> Conclusions: An array of factors across the four categories were implicated in the development of PTSS, but these tended to be indicated in only one or two papers. Evidence was found to suggest that dysfunctional coping styles, reduced levels of some personality traits, proximity and nature of the critical incident and high levels of organisation stress can all lead to PTSS. Further research is needed to support the reliability of findings. </sec>
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Pretto, Carolina Renz, Karen Cristiane Pereira de Morais, Valentine Cogo Mendes, Adilaeti Lopes Paiva, Rosângela Marion da Silva, and Carmem Lúcia Colomé Beck. "The Impact of COVID-19 on the Physical Well-being of Nursing and Medical Personnel: An Integrative Review." Aquichan 22, no. 2 (June 8, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5294/aqui.2022.22.2.5.
Abstract:
Objective: To highlight the impact of responding to COVID-19 on the physical well-being of nursing and medical personnel. Method: This integrative literature review includes Spanish, English, and Portuguese articles. From July 10 to 16, 2020, the search was carried out in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature, Web of Science, SciVerse Scopus, and National Library of Medicine databases. Twenty-five studies were analyzed, and the results are presented descriptively and in tables. Results: Of the total number of articles, 52 % addressed coronavirus infection and related factors as an impact on nursing and medical personnel’s physical well-being resulting from responding to COVID-19, 28 % addressed sleep quality and predictors, and 20 % addressed damage stemming from the use of personal protective equipment or other preventive measures. Conclusions: Responding to COVID-19 has been conducive to coronavirus infection among personnel due to the work process and prevention measures, poor sleep quality due to mental disorders and lack of social support, and physical harm, such as headaches and skin injuries, due to the use of protective equipment and hand disinfection.
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Valliyate, M., NG Robinson, and JR Goodman. " Current concepts in simulation and other alternatives for veterinary education: a review." Veterinární Medicína 57, No. 7 (August 7, 2012): 325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/6261-vetmed.
Abstract:
Driven by a combination of pedagogical, ethical and economic factors, the use of simulation technology and other alternatives to traditional training methods has become increasingly common in veterinary education as a means to teach basic and advanced concepts along with technical skills. When paired with well-structured and supervised clinical training on animal patients, these modern methodologies help educators fill gaps left by conventional methods, reduce and replace the consumptive use of live animals, and ultimately result in the graduation of more confident and proficient veterinarians, veterinary technicians, and allied health personnel. This article surveys an array of the simulation methods currently available for veterinary education and how they integrate with and enhance standard curricula.
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Hay, Ian, and Monica Cuskelly. "School Counsellors and Young People in Care." Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 16, no. 1 (July 1, 2006): 106–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajgc.16.1.106.
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AbstractProtocols recently introduced by state education authorities require guidance and school counsellors to collaborate with other school personnel to developIndividual Education Support Plansfor students in the care of the state. Of the more than 20,000 young people in care in Australia, the majority are in foster home placements due to previous maltreatment or neglect by their parents. Young people in care are a diverse, vulnerable and, at times, challenging cohort of students who typically have academic, psychological, behavioural, social, and friendship difficulties — and for some, ongoing mental health issues. This article reviews the characteristics allied with young people in care as well as procedures and strategies school counsellors can consider that facilitate more positive outcomes for these students.
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Leduc, S., Z. Cantor, P. Kelly, V. Thiruganasambandamoorthy, G. Wells, and C. Vaillancourt. "LO15: Paramedic and allied health professional interventions at long-term care facilities to reduce emergency department visits: systematic review." CJEM 22, S1 (May 2020): S12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2020.71.
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Introduction: Emergency department (ED) crowding, long waits for care, and paramedic offload delay are of increasing concern. Older adults living in long-term care (LTC) are more likely to utilize the ED and are vulnerable to adverse events. We sought to identify existing programs that seek to avoid ED visits from LTC facilities where allied health professionals are the primary providers of the intervention and, to evaluate their efficacy and safety. Methods: We completed this systematic review based on a protocol we published apriori and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. We systematically searched Medline, CINAHL and EMBASE with terms relating to long-term care, emergency services, hospitalization and allied health personnel. Two investigators independently selected studies and extracted data using a piloted standardized form and evaluated the risk of bias of included studies. We report a narrative synthesis grouped by intervention categories. Results: We reviewed 11,176 abstracts and included 22 studies. Most studies were observational and few assessed patient safety. We found five categories of interventions including: 1) use of advanced practice nursing; 2) a program called Interventions to Reduce Acute Care Transfers (INTERACT); 3) end-of-life care; 4) condition specific interventions; and 5) use of extended care paramedics. Of the 13 studies that reported ED visits, all (100%) reported a decrease, and of the 16/17 that reported hospitalization, 94.1% reported a decrease. Patient adverse events such as functional status and relapse were seldom reported (6/22) as were measures of emergency system function such as crowding/inability of paramedics to transfer care to the ED (1/22). Only 4/22 studies evaluated patient mortality and 3/4 found a non-statistically significant worsening. When measured, studies reported decreased hospital length of stay, more time spent with patients by allied health professionals and cost savings. Conclusion: We found five types of programs/interventions which all demonstrated a decrease in ED visits or hospitalization. Many identified programs focused on improved primary care for patients. Interventions addressing acute care issues such as those provided by community paramedics, patient preferences, and quality of life indicators all deserve more study.
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Bogunjoko, Tayo J., Adekunle O. Hassan, Ogugua Okonkwo, Toyin Akanbi, Mildred Ulaikere, Ayodele Akinye, Halima Bogunjoko, and Monsurat Y. Lawal-Sebioniga. "Impact of middle level eye care personnel on the delivery of eye care services in South-western Nigeria." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 3 (February 24, 2018): 871. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20180740.
Abstract:
Background: The objectives of the study were to review the training and assess the impact of middle level eye care personnel (community ophthalmic technician) with skills to complement the services of the ophthalmologist for efficient eye care system and fulfilling vision 2020 goals.Methods: The collaboration between 2010 and 2015 was reviewed with an institutional questionnaire for both Eye Foundation Centre and College of Health Technology in Ijebu, Nigeria: structure of 2 year training Programme and one year internship, community ophthalmic technicians (COT) as assistants to ophthalmologists, hierarchy/career options and challenges and ensuring clinical quality and their strength in the Eye Foundation Eye Health System were appraised.Results: From 2010 to 2015, a total of 72 COTs have graduated, 41(57%) of them employed by the Eye Foundation Hospital Group. Apart from this, 28 did their internship in 2015, 19 (68%) out of this at Eye Foundation establishments in southwestern and north central Nigeria. Others are employed by other government or nongovernmental agencies. From 2010 to 2015, outpatients’ visits have increased from 42,962 to 104,239 at its peak, surgical volume from 3,999 to 18,350 at the Eye Foundation Hospital Group. The COT programme has been accredited by International Joint Commission on Allied health personnel in Ophthalmology (IJCAHPO).Conclusions: COTs with skills are required in large numbers to complement the services of ophthalmologists for efficient eye health system. Their contribution is very important to meet the vision 2020 human resources objectives for Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Dunne, Mary. "Barriers and Facilitators to Research Use Among Allied Health Practitioners: A Mixed-Method Approach to Assessment." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 6, no. 4 (December 15, 2011): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b8kw4h.
Abstract:
Objectives – The disparity between what is known to be effective and what is done in practice points to barriers to research use among health practitioners. Library and information services (LIS) collect, organize and disseminate published research findings so they may be uniquely positioned to be of influence. This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to research use among allied health practitioners working in the alcohol and other drugs (AOD) field in Ireland, and to explore the services, strategies, and resources that may help alleviate these issues.
Methods – Three focus groups were held with AOD practitioners. A survey questionnaire was then sent by post to 175 counsellors. The survey included the Barriers to Research Utilization Scale (Barriers Scale) (Funk et al. 1991), which assessed potential barriers from four factors: practitioner, setting, qualities of the research, and communication.
Results – The number of responses was 71 (41%). All communication-related Barriers Scale items, and some items associated with the setting and practitioner, were perceived to be a moderate or great barrier by the majority of survey respondents. Similar issues were also raised in focus groups, where language, presentation, and time to engage with research were considered significant influences. Qualitative aspects of the study also revealed scepticism about research application and relevance. All proposed LIS were rated as moderate or great facilitators by the majority of respondents who expressed an opinion (those who choose “no opinion” or did not respond, 6–8%, were excluded).
Conclusions – The high incidence of communication-related issues among top barriers and the enthusiasm expressed about proposed library services and training reveals the key role that LIS personnel can play in enabling practitioners to use research in practice. The addition of setting and practitioner factors indicates that a holistic, collaborative approach to promoting the effective use of research collections and resources is required. Mixed-method data collection (focus group and survey) provided a rich source of information, and may offer a useful approach for future study.
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Zahid, Zeshan, Suleman Atique, Muhammad Hammad Saghir, Iftikhar Ali, Amna Shahid, and Rehan Ali Malik. "A Commentary on Telerehabilitation Services in Pakistan: Current Trends and Future Possibilities." International Journal of Telerehabilitation 9, no. 1 (June 29, 2017): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ijt.2017.6224.
Abstract:
A 2014 World Health Organization (WHO) study reported that almost 27 million people with disability live in Pakistan with fewer than one allied rehabilitation professional per 10,000 people. The current study sought to determine the attitudes toward telerehabilitation via a survey administered to 329 Pakistani rehabilitation professionals. Study results indicate that rehabilitation professionals in Pakistan are knowledgeable about telerehabilitation and Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and are receptive to employing telerehabilitation programs and applications. Therefore, we can infer that the future of telerehabilitation can be bright in Pakistan but requires the attention of policy makers and non-government organizations to launch an appropriate program nationwide. The authors suggest that a range of telerehabilitation services (e.g., consultation, assessment, and therapy) could alleviate the shortage of rehabilitation personnel in Pakistan.
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Fager, Susan, Jenna LeDoux, and David Beukelman. "Evaluating Preferred Augmentative and Alternative Communication Strategies for Patients in Long-Term Health Care Hospitals." Perspectives on Augmentative and Alternative Communication 23, no. 2 (April 2014): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/aac23.2.99.
Abstract:
Long-term acute medical care hospital (LTACH) units serve a wide range of individuals, with serious medical problems requiring intense, special treatment for an extended period of time. Some of LTACH patients are unable to meet all of their communication needs using their natural speech, either temporarily or permanently. The purpose of this investigation was to survey personnel groups who routinely work in LTACH units regarding their preferences related to 3 communication options containing 27 representative communication boards, that were supported by mobile technology including an iPad only, an iPad with a flat screen that mirrored the iPad screen, and an iPad with a projected image that mirrored the iPad screen. Participants from 3 groups, (1) registered nurses and nursing assistants; (2) allied health professionals including respiratory, physical, and occupational therapists; and (3) speech-language pathologists, ranked the iPad-only AAC choice highest for patients in LTACH units followed by the iPad with screen, and iPad with projector. For the ease of use items by patients, families, and staff, all participant groups rated the iPad alone higher than the iPad with flat screen or the iPad with projector.
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Palocaren, Jeeji, Renjith Raj Puthuparampil, and Celine Mathew Thalappillil. "Two monologues do not make a dialogue: the need for medical specialty–specific communication workshops: population-based study." BMJ Leader 3, no. 1 (January 21, 2019): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/leader-2018-000083.
Abstract:
AimIncreasing attacks on healthcare personnel in India have highlighted the need for improved communication between staff and patients. Currently, communication skill workshops target doctors and nurses, overlooking a key player relevant to patient satisfaction—allied health professionals (henceforth, AHPs). This study evaluates the impact of communication skills training for diagnostic laboratory and blood bank personnel on patient satisfaction scores.MethodThe impact of communication workshop for AHPs was tested through pre-workshop and post-workshop questionnaires to participants that tested how they handle communication with patients. Additionally, participants were also administered the questionnaire 4 months after the workshop to test knowledge retention. In parallel, the change in patient satisfaction towards AHPs was assessed by a pre-workshop and post-workshop patient survey.ResultsParticipants experienced a statistically significant improvement in communication skills, as measured by the pre-workshop and post-workshop questionnaires. This coincided with a significant increase in patient satisfaction scores after the workshop, as indicated by the patient satisfaction survey. The difference in communication skills scores between experienced and inexperienced personnel showed a marked decrease after the workshop, suggesting that such workshops can help inexperienced workers ‘catch up’ with more experienced workers. However, scores of all participants showed a statistically significant decrease after 4 months, suggesting that the use of such workshops can be enhanced through periodic refresher courses.ConclusionCommunication workshops for AHPs can play a crucial role in improving patient–hospital relations. These workshops can also help standardise services by bridging communication skill differences between experienced and inexperienced staff.
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Jaeger, Jenifer L., Minal Patel, Nila Dharan, Kathy Hancock, Elissa Meites, Christine Mattson, Matt Gladden, et al. "Transmission of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus among Healthcare Personnel—Southern California, 2009." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 32, no. 12 (December 2011): 1149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/662709.
Abstract:
Objective.In April 2009, 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (hereafter, pH1N1) virus was identified in California, which caused widespread illness throughout the United States. We evaluated pH1N1 transmission among exposed healthcare personnel (HCP) and assessed the use and effectiveness of personal protective equipment (PPE) early in the outbreak.Design.Cohort study.Setting.Two hospitals and 1 outpatient clinic in Southern California during March 28-April 24, 2009.Participants.Sixty-three HCP exposed to 6 of the first 8 cases of laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 in the United States.Methods.Baseline and follow-up questionnaires were used to collect demographic, epidemiologic, and clinical data. Paired serum samples were obtained to test for pH1N1-specific antibodies by microneutralization and hemagglutination-inhibition assays. Serology results were compared with HCP work setting, role, and self-reported PPE use.Results.Possible healthcare-associated pH1N1 transmission was identified in 9 (14%) of 63 exposed HCP; 6 (67%) of 9 seropositive HCP had asymptomatic infection. The highest attack rates occurred among outpatient HCP (6/19 [32%]) and among allied health staff (eg, technicians; 8/33 [24%]). Use of mask or N95 respirator was associated with remaining seronegative (P = .047). Adherence to PPE recommendations for preventing transmission of influenza virus and other respiratory pathogens was inadequate, particularly in outpatient settings.Conclusions.pH1N1 transmission likely occurred in healthcare settings early in the pandemic associated with inadequate PPE use. Organizational support for a comprehensive approach to infectious hazards, including infection prevention training for inpatient- and outpatient-based HCP, is essential to improve HCP and patient safety.
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Deahl, Martin P. "Doctors at war: psychiatry in the Gulf." Psychiatric Bulletin 16, no. 4 (April 1992): 220–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.16.4.220.
Abstract:
When Britain committed an armoured division to the Gulf in the autumn of 1990, it was inevitable that psychiatrists and other mental health personnel would be required. Battleshock, or combat stress, is important to the Army – it not only accounts for significant numbers of casualties in any land war, but, unlike other casualties, represents a potentially avoidable loss of manpower and important source of reinforcement. Based largely on the experience of Arab-Israeli conflicts it is believed that, with appropriate management, up to 90% of battleshock cases can be returned to duty within seven days. Moreover, it is thought that early recognition and intervention may reduce the incidence of PTSD and other long-term psychiatric sequelae (Foy et al 1987; Solomon & Benbenishty, 1986). Fortunately, Battleshock claimed few victims in the Gulf, due mainly to the brevity of the land war and the high state of motivation and morale of the allied force. The effectiveness of the Army's policy of early recognition of battleshock cases with minimal medical intervention on the battlefield and rapid return to duty remains uncertain and untested (Dunning, 1990).
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Ferreira, Milene Dias, Vivian Stefani Godoy, Luiza Tayar Facchin, Renata Cristina de Campos Pereira Silveira, Helena Megumi Sonobe, Elucir Gir, and Silvia Rita Marin da Silva Canini. "Adesão dos profissionais de saúde ás precauções-padrão: uma revisão integretiva da literatura." Revista de Enfermagem UFPE on line 3, no. 4 (September 20, 2009): 1042. http://dx.doi.org/10.5205/reuol.581-3802-1-rv.0304200932.
Abstract:
Objective: to identify and assess the available evidences in the literature about factors that interfere with the adherence of the health workers to standard precautions. Methods: this is an integrative literature review, conducted through electronic search of articles in the following databases: PubMed, digital archive produced by the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information (LILACS), EMBASE and COCHRANE Library, published between 1999 and 2008. In total, 14 articles were analyzed. Results: the analysis of articles identified a variety of factors that can interfere positively or negatively with the adherence of health workers to standard precautions. Most (13/14) were classified as evidence level 6, since they were descriptive articles. Reasons were grouped in three categories: factors related to individuals, to institutions and to the process of work. Conclusion: although the present study does not provide strong scientific evidences, it permitted the identification of a group of variables that should be better researched in analytical and experimental studies, which can support in a more concrete way the improvement of the levels of adherence of health workers to standard precautions. Descriptors: health personnel; guideline adherence; universal precautions.
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Balasubramanian, Madhan, Aliya Hasan, Suruchi Ganbavale, Anfal Alolayah, and Jennifer Gallagher. "Planning the Future Oral Health Workforce: A Rapid Review of Supply, Demand and Need Models, Data Sources and Skill Mix Considerations." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 6 (March 12, 2021): 2891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18062891.
Abstract:
Over the last decade, there has been a renewed interest in oral health workforce planning. The purpose of this review is to examine oral health workforce planning models on supply, demand and needs, mainly in respect to their data sources, modelling technique and use of skill mix. A limited search was carried out on PubMed and Web of Science for published scientific articles on oral health workforce planning models between 2010 to 2020. No restrictions were placed on the type of modelling philosophy, and all studies including supply, demand or needs based models were included. Rapid review methods guided the review process. Twenty-three studies from 15 countries were included in the review. A majority were from high-income countries (n = 17). Dentists were the sole oral health workforce group modelled in 13 studies; only five studies included skill mix (allied dental personnel) considerations. The most common application of modelling was a workforce to population ratio or a needs-based demand weighted variant. Nearly all studies presented weaknesses in modelling process due to the limitations in data sources and/or non-availability of the necessary data to inform oral health workforce planning. Skill mix considerations in planning models were also limited to horizontal integration within oral health professionals. Planning for the future oral health workforce is heavily reliant on quality data being available for supply, demand and needs models. Integrated methodologies that expand skill mix considerations and account for uncertainty are essential for future planning exercises.
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McKelvey, Robert S., David L. Sang, and Hoang Cam Tu. "Is There a Role for Child Psychiatry in Vietnam?" Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 1 (February 1997): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679709073807.
Abstract:
Objectives:(i) To describe the need for child psychiatric services in Vietnam; (ii) to review child psychiatry's present role within the Vietnamese health care system; (iii) to identify cultural, economic and manpower obstacles to the development of child mental health services; and (iv) to recommend a course for the future development of child psychiatry in Vietnam. Method:The existing literature relevant to the Vietnamese health and mental health care systems, traditional practices and beliefs regarding health and mental health, and the current status of psychiatry and child psychiatry in Vietnam was reviewed. In addition, discussions regarding these topics, and the future of child psychiatry in Vietnam, were held with leading Vietnamese health and mental health professionals. Results:The current role of child psychiatry in Vietnam is limited by the health care system's focus on infectious diseases and malnutrition, and by cultural, economic and manpower factors. Treatment is reserved for the most severely afflicted, especially patients with epilepsy and mental retardation. Specialised care is available in only a few urban centres. In rural areas treatment is provided by allied health personnel, paraprofessionals and community organisations. Conclusions:While the present role of child psychiatry in Vietnam is limited, it can still make important contributions. These include:research defining the need for child and adolescent mental health services, identifying priority child psychiatric disorders and assessing the effectiveness of priority disease treatment; and training to enhance the skills of primary health care providers in the treatment of priority disorders.
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Francis, Erica, Kara Shifler Bowers, Glenn Buchberger, Sheryl Ryan, William Milchak, and Jennifer Kraschnewski. "Reducing Alcohol and Opioid Use Among Youth in Rural Counties: An Innovative Training Protocol for Primary Health Care Providers and School Personnel." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 11 (November 6, 2020): e21015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/21015.
Abstract:
Background Given that youth alcohol use is more common in rural communities, such communities can play a key role in preventing alcohol use among adolescents. Guidelines recommend primary care providers incorporate screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) into routine care. Objective The aim is to train primary care providers and school nurses within a rural 10-county catchment area in Pennsylvania to use SBIRT and facilitate collaboration with community organizations to better coordinate substance use prevention efforts. Methods To build capacity to address underage drinking and opioid use among youth aged 9-20 years, this project uses telehealth, specifically Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes), to train primary care providers and school nurses to address substance use with SBIRT. Our project will provide 120 primary care providers and allied health professionals as well as 20 school nurses with SBIRT training. Community-based providers will participate in weekly virtual ECHO sessions with a multidisciplinary team from Penn State College of Medicine that will provide SBIRT training and facilitate case discussions among participants. Results To date, we have launched one SBIRT ECHO project with school personnel, enrolling 34 participants. ECHO participants are from both rural (n=17) and urban (n=17) counties and include school nurses (n=15), school counselors (n=8), teachers (n=5), administrators (n=3), and social workers (n=3). Before the study began, only 2/13 (15.5%) of schools were screening for alcohol use. Conclusions This project teaches primary care clinics and schools to use SBIRT to prevent the onset and reduce the progression of substance use disorders, reduce problems associated with substance use disorders, and strengthen communities’ prevention capacity. Ours is an innovative model to improve rural adolescent health by reducing alcohol and opioid use. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/21015
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Scott, Lancer A., Layne A. Madden, Amy E. Wahlquist, and Daniel W. Fisher. "Preparing for the Surge: A Half-Day Emergency Preparedness Training Course for the “Second Front”." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 12, no. 1 (August 1, 2017): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2017.30.
Abstract:
AbstractPurposeClinical disaster medicine requires providers working collaboratively to care for multiple patients, yet many clinicians lack competency-based training. A 5-hour emergency preparedness training (EPT) curriculum was created using didactics, small group discussion, and scenario-based learning. The goal was to evaluate the effect of a short course on improving clinical-provider knowledge, confidence and skill.MethodsParticipants were enrolled in a medical university between 2011 and 2014. The course consisted of didactic lectures, small group exercises, and live mass-casualty training scenarios. Core competencies and performance objectives were developed by a task force and assessed via facilitator observation, pre- and posttesting, and a course evaluation.ResultsA total of 708 participants were trained, including 49.9% physicians, 31.9% medical students, 7.2% nurses, and 11% allied health personnel. The average percentage of correct answers increased from 39% to 60% (P<0.01). Following didactics, trainees met 73% and 96% of small group performance objectives. Trainees also met 68.5% and 61.1% of the mass-casualty performance objectives. Average trainee self-assessment of disaster-preparedness skill improved from 36 to 73 points out of 100.ConclusionA brief, intensive EPT course can improve the disaster knowledge and comfort level of a diverse group of clinical providers as well as foster disaster-performance skills. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:121–126)
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Irineu, Carlos Henrique Moraes, Priscila Alencar Mendes Reis, Huana Carolina Cândido Morais, Samira Rocha Magalhães de Alencar, Juliana Alencar Moreira Borges, Letícia Pereira Felipe, and Ricardo Matheus Mota Sousa. "Resgate aéreo e os danos ocupacionais para os profissionais de saúde: uma revisão integrativa." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 12 (September 13, 2022): e262111233823. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i12.33823.
Abstract:
Esse estudo teve como objetivo identificar os danos ocupacionais para os profissionais de saúde que atuam no resgate aéreo. Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa por meio de pesquisa nas fontes de dados: Web of Science, National Library of Medicine, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scientific Electronic Library Online, Scopus e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Foram utilizados descritores controlados em inglês e português, indexados nos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde, sendo eles: “Air Ambulances / Resgate aéreo”; “Health Personnel / Profissionais de Saúde”; “Occupational Health / Saúde Ocupacional”, realizada durante os meses de setembro e outubro de 2021. O operador booleano associado utilizado foi o “AND”. Foram encontradas 111 publicações, destas, 83 foram excluídas após a aplicação dos critérios de exclusão, permanecendo 28 publicações. Após a leitura de títulos e resumos, 18 publicações foram excluídas, destas, 3 foram excluídas após leitura na íntegra, restando 7. Destaca-se que, como principais danos ocupacionais para profissionais de saúde que atuam no resgate aéreo a susceptibilidade ao estresse, que por sua vez, relaciona-se à síndrome de burnout, atrelado a poucas horas de sono, sobrecarga de trabalho, uso excessivo e prolongado de equipamentos de proteção individual, exposição a ruídos acima do permitido. Dessa forma, é notório a necessidade de desenvolvimento de mais estudos voltados para a temática em questão, perante as informações corroboradas pela literatura apresentada.
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Ogunniyi, Adedamola, Melissa Clark, and Ross Donaldson. "Analysis of Trauma Care Education in the South Sudan Community Health Worker Training Curriculum." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 30, no. 2 (February 27, 2015): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x15000175.
Abstract:
AbstractIntroductionTrauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with the majority occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Allied health workers are often on the front lines of caring for trauma patients; this is the case in South Sudan, where a system of community health workers (CHWs) and clinical officers (COs) form an essential part of the health care structure. However, curricula for these workers vary, and it is unclear how much these training programs include trauma education.Hypothesis/MethodsThe CHW training curriculum in South Sudan was reviewed to evaluate the degree to which it incorporates trauma education, according to established guidelines from the World Health Organization (WHO). To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first formal comparison of a CHW curriculum with established WHO trauma guidelines.ResultsThe curriculum incorporated a number of essential components of the WHO guidelines; however, the concepts taught were limited in scope. The curriculum only covered about 50% of the content required for basic providers, with major deficiencies being in the management of head and spinal injuries, safety protocols for health care personnel, and in the management of pediatric patients.Discussion/ConclusionThe CHW training curriculum lacks the requisite content to provide adequately a basic level of trauma care and requires amending to ensure that all South Sudan citizens receive appropriate treatment. It is recommended that other LMICs review their existing training curricula in order to improve their ability to provide adequate trauma care and to ensure they meet the basic WHO guidelines.OgunniyiA, ClarkM, DonaldsonR. Analysis of trauma care education in the South Sudan community health worker training curriculum. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2015; 30(2): 18
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Holmen, Heidi, Kirsti Riiser, and Anette Winger. "Home-Based Pediatric Palliative Care and Electronic Health: Systematic Mixed Methods Review." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 2 (February 28, 2020): e16248. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/16248.
Abstract:
Background Children and families in pediatric palliative care depend on close contact with health care personnel, and electronic health (eHealth) is suggested to support care at home by facilitating their remote interactions. Objective This study aimed to identify and review the use of eHealth to communicate and support home-based pediatric palliative care and appraise the methodological quality of the published research. Methods We conducted a convergent, systematic mixed methods review and searched Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline), EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Web of Science, and Scopus for eligible papers. Studies evaluating 2-way communication technology for palliative care for children aged ≤18 years and applying quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods from 2012 to 2018 were eligible for inclusion. Quantitative and qualitative studies were equally valued during the search, screening, extraction, and analysis. Quantitative data were transformed into qualitative data and analyzed using a thematic analysis. Overall, 2 independent researchers methodologically appraised all included studies. Results We identified 1277 citations. Only 7 papers were eligible for review. Evaluating eHealth interventions in pediatric palliative care poses specific methodological and ethical challenges. eHealth to facilitate remote pediatric palliative care was acknowledged both as an intrusion and as a support at home. Reluctance toward eHealth was mainly identified among professionals. Conclusions The strengths of the conclusions are limited by the studies’ methodological challenges. Despite the limitless possibilities held by new technologies, research on eHealth in home-based pediatric palliative care is scarce. The affected children and families appeared to hold positive attitudes toward eHealth, although their views were less apparent compared with those of the professionals. Trial Registration PROSPERO CRD42018119051; https://tinyurl.com/rtsw5ky
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Lueger-Schuster, Brigitte, Tobias M. Glück, Ulrich S. Tran, and Elisabeth L. Zeilinger. "Sexual violence by occupational forces during and after World War II: influence of experiencing and witnessing of sexual violence on current mental health in a sample of elderly Austrians." International Psychogeriatrics 24, no. 8 (March 21, 2012): 1354–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s104161021200021x.
Abstract:
ABSTRACTBackground: Wartime rape is an atrocity with long-lasting impacts not only on victims but whole societies. In this brief report, we present data on experience and witness of sexual violence during World War II (WWII) and subsequent time of occupation and on indicators of mental health in a sample of elderly Austrians.Methods: Interviews of 298 elderly Austrians from a larger epidemiological study on WWII traumatization were analyzed for the impact of experience and witness of sexual violence during the wartime committed by occupational forces. Interviews comprised a biographical/historical section and psychological measures (BSI, TLEQ, PCL–C). Participants were recruited in all nine provinces of Austria with respect to former zones of occupation (Western Allied/Soviet).Results: Twelve persons reported direct experience of sexual violence, 33 persons witnessed such atrocities. One third of the victims and 18.2% of the witnesses reported post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD full/subthreshold). Sexual violence occurred more often in the former Soviet zone. Victims and witnesses displayed higher odds of post-traumatic symptoms and symptoms of depression and phobic fear than non-victims. Furthermore, witnesses displayed higher levels of aggression compared to victims and non-witnesses.Conclusions: Our results corroborate previous findings that wartime rape has long-lasting effects over decades on current mental health and post-traumatic distress in victims and witnesses. We recommend integration of psychotraumatological knowledge on consequences of sexual violence on mental health into geriatric care and the education of dedicated personnel.
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Karla, Divya, Mhd Mukhtar Alam, Vipin Jain, and Meenakshi Sharma. "An Overview on Team Work Strategy in Medical Education." World Journal of English Language 12, no. 3 (April 7, 2022): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v12n3p110.
Abstract:
The process of collaborating with a collection of people to achieve a common objective." Despite any personal dispute between individuals, teamwork implies that people will endeavor to collaborate, using their own strengths and delivering constructive criticism." In the medical field, Team work has become a primary focus. A health service that emphasizes effective coordination has been proposed as the method to develop patients care while also minimizing workload problems that contribute to burnout between healthcare personnel. In order to enhance the abilities necessary for efficient cooperation, it is also critical to review what work has previously been done in medicine. Several research has been conducted in sectors where medical practitioners deal with emergency circumstances. The foremost goals of this review is to observe the present state of knowledge on collaborative approach in undergraduate medical educations. In this study, the authors explain, analyses, and evaluate the work that has been done in different domains on team training and the value of team training. The future prospects of this paper involve people becoming more knowledgeable about working as a team as well as the benefits of teamwork in medical education since doctors specialize in a specific area, so the able to operate in a multi-disciplinary team is critical for patients with complex morbidities, healthcare is not only provided by doctors, but also by nurses and other allied health professionals.
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McGregor, Margaret J., Riyad B. Abu-Laban, Lisa A. Ronald, Kimberlyn M. McGrail, Douglas Andrusiek, Jennifer Baumbusch, Michelle B. Cox, Kia Salomons, Michael Schulzer, and Lisa Kuramoto. "Nursing Home Characteristics Associated with Resident Transfers to Emergency Departments." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 33, no. 1 (January 3, 2014): 38–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980813000615.
Abstract:
RÉSUMÉCette étude a examiné comment la propriété des maisons de soins infirmiers porte sur les taux de transfert des services urgences (SU), comment les caractéristiques organisationnelles des installations sont réparties entre les groupes de propriété, et comment ces caractéristiques sont associées aux taux de transfert SU. L’échantillon comprenait une cohorte rétrospective de résidents des maisons de soins infirmiers dans la région de Vancouver Coastal Health (n = 13,140). Les taux de transferts SU ont été comparés entre les différents types de propriété des foyers de soins. Pour une analyse exploratoire, des données administratives ont ensuite été liées aux données provenant d’enquêtes auprès des caractéristiques organisationnelles des installations. Taux de transfert brut (SU transferts/100 ans résidents) étaient de 69, 70 et 51, respectivement, dans les installations à but lucratif, celles à but non-lucratif et les installations publiques. Avec des contrôles pour le sexe et l’age, la propriété publique a été associée aux taux de transfert SU inférieurs à ceux des installations à but lucratif et sans but lucratif. Les résultats ont aussi démontré un montant total plus élevé associé aux heures de soins directs infirmières par journée/résident, et la présence de personnel de Allied Health – qui sont présents de manière disproportionnée dans les installations de propriété publique – ont été associés aux taux de transfert inférieurs.
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Timothy Gilbert Anthony, Joshua Funsho Eniojukan, Ishmail Ayinla Suleiman, Biobarakuma Aberenimi Joseph, Efieseimokuno Isaiah Egbesu, and Ayakeme Tonkiri. "Direct patient care practices in community pharmacies in Bayelsa and Rivers State in the Niger Delta Area of Nigeria." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 5, no. 2 (March 30, 2022): 032–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2022.5.2.0054.
Abstract:
Direct patient care practiced in community pharmacy settings remains among the best remedy to the ever-emerging meddling practices of allied health and non-health personnel in the health promotion and disease prevention function of the pharmacy profession. The professional strides for totally owning this hub, though in the progress, were not easy in prehistoric times, nor is it getting any easier now. This study determines the extent of practice carried out in direct patient activities (patient counseling, patient care and technology standards) in community pharmacies in Bayelsa and Rivers states as at the year 2017. Of the three hundred and thirty seven (337) questionnaires distributed, three hundred and twelve (312) were retrieved (92.58% retrieval rate). The questionnaire was constructed in likert form with responses as “never”, “rarely”, “sometimes”, “often” and “always”. The results were analyzed using non parametric analysis using SPSS version 23. Young male pharmacists having B.Pharm (177; 56.7%) with 6 to 10 years’ experience (140; 44.9%) in self-owned premises (190; 60.8%) were observed to contribute significantly to the study domains. Pharmacists were reported to always carry out patient counseling activities (44.2%), always carry out patient care activities (35.9%) and never, apply technological applications in community pharmacies (45.9%) in the study area. Community Pharmacy Practice is below recommended standards in the two states. Improvement is needed in the hub of direct patient care to maintain the needed pharmaceutical care practice and philosophy.
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Dillenburger, Karola, Hanns-Rüdiger Röttgers, Katerina Dounavi, Coleen Sparkman, Mickey Keenan, Bruce Thyer, and Christos Nikopoulos. "Multidisciplinary Teamwork in Autism: Can One Size Fit All?" Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 31, no. 2 (August 7, 2014): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/edp.2014.13.
Abstract:
Multidisciplinary practice has become an accepted approach in many education and social and health care fields. In fact, the right to a multidisciplinary assessment is enshrined in the United Nations Convention of the Rights for Persons with Disabilities (United Nations, 2007). In order to avert a ‘one size fits all’ response to particularly heterogeneous diagnoses, such as autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) recommends multidisciplinary input. Yet, multidisciplinarity lacks empirical evidence of effectiveness, is fraught with conceptual difficulties and methodological incompatibilities, and therefore there is a danger of resorting to an ill-defined eclectic ‘hodgepodge’ of interventions. Virtually all evidence-based interventions in autism and intellectual disabilities are behaviourally based. Not surprisingly, therefore, professionals trained in behaviour analysis to international standards are increasingly becoming key personnel in multidisciplinary teams. In fact, professionals from a range of disciplines seek training in behaviour analysis. In this article we brought together a multidisciplinary group of professionals from education, health, and social care, most of whom have a dual qualification in an allied health, social care, or educational profession, as well as in behaviour anlaysis. Together we look at the initial training in these professions and explore how behaviour analysis can offer a common and coherent conceptual framework for true multidisciplinarity, based on sound scientific knowledge about behaviour, without resort to reifying theories. We illustrate how this unifying approach can enhance evidence-based multidisciplinary practice so that ‘one size’ will fit all.
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Cordato, Dennis J., Kaneez Fatima Shad, Wissam Soubra, and Roy G. Beran. "Health Research and Education during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Australian Clinician and Researcher Perspective." Diagnostics 13, no. 2 (January 12, 2023): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13020289.
Abstract:
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had an unprecedented global effect on teaching and education. This review discusses research, education and diagnostics from the perspectives of four academic clinicians and researchers across different facilities in Australia. Materials and methods: The study adopted a literature review and an Australian researcher’s perspective on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health education, research and diagnostics. Results: At the start of the pandemic, medical facilities had to adhere urgently to major work restrictions, including social distancing, mask-wearing rules and/or the closure of facilities to protect staff, students and patients from the risk of COVID-19 infection. Telemedicine and telehealth services were rapidly implemented and adapted to meet the needs of medical education, the teaching of students, trainee doctors, nursing and allied health staff and became a widely accepted norm. The impact on clinical research and education saw the closure of clinical trials and the implementation of new methods in the conducting of trials, including electronic consents, remote patient assessments and the ability to commence fully virtual clinical trials. Academic teaching adapted augmented reality and competency-based teaching to become important new modes of education delivery. Diagnostic services also required new policies and procedures to ensure the safety of personnel. Conclusions: As a by-product of the COVID-19 pandemic, traditional, face-to-face learning and clinical research were converted into online formats. An hybrid environment of traditional methods and novel technological tools has emerged in readiness for future pandemics that allows for virtual learning with concurrent recognition of the need to provide for interpersonal interactions.
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Jones, Chelsea, Antonio Miguel-Cruz, Lorraine Smith-MacDonald, Emily Cruikshank, Delaram Baghoori, Avneet Kaur Chohan, Alexa Laidlaw, et al. "Virtual Trauma-Focused Therapy for Military Members, Veterans, and Public Safety Personnel With Posttraumatic Stress Injury: Systematic Scoping Review." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 8, no. 9 (September 21, 2020): e22079. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/22079.
Abstract:
Background A necessary shift from in-person to remote delivery of psychotherapy (eg, teletherapy, eHealth, videoconferencing) has occurred because of the COVID-19 pandemic. A corollary benefit is a potential fit in terms of the need for equitable and timely access to mental health services in remote and rural locations. Owing to COVID-19, there may be an increase in the demand for timely, virtual delivery of services among trauma-affected populations, including public safety personnel (PSP; eg, paramedics, police, fire, correctional officers), military members, and veterans. There is a lack of evidence on the question of whether digital delivery of trauma-therapies for military members, veterans, and PSP leads to similar outcomes to in-person delivery. Information on barriers and facilitators and recommendations regarding digital-delivery is also scarce. Objective This study aims to evaluate the scope and quality of peer-reviewed literature on psychotherapeutic digital health interventions delivered remotely to military members, veterans, and PSP and synthesize the knowledge of needs, gaps, barriers to, and facilitators for virtual assessment of and virtual interventions for posttraumatic stress injury. Methods Relevant studies were identified using MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica dataBASE), APA (American Psychological Association) PsycINFO, CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature) Plus with Full Text, and Military & Government Collection. For collation, analysis, summarizing, and reporting of results, we used the CASP (Critical Skills Appraisal Program) qualitative checklist, PEDro (Physiotherapy Evidence Database) scale, level of evidence hierarchy, PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews), and narrative synthesis. Results A total of 38 studies were included in this review. Evidence for the effectiveness of digital delivery of prolonged exposure therapy, cognitive processing therapy, behavioral activation treatment with therapeutic exposure to military members, veterans, and PSP was rated level 1a, whereas evidence for cognitive behavioral therapy was conflicting. The narrative synthesis indicated that virtual delivery of these therapies can be as effective as in-person delivery but may reduce stigma and cost while increasing access to therapy. Issues of risk, safety, potential harm (ie, suicidality, enabling avoidance), privacy, security, and the match among the therapist, modality, and patient warrant further consideration. There is a lack of studies on the influences of gender, racial, and cultural factors that may result in differential outcomes, preferences, and/or needs. An investigation into other therapies that may be suitable for digital delivery is needed. Conclusions Digital delivery of trauma therapies for military members, veterans, and PSP is a critical area for further research. Although promising evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of digital health within these populations, many questions remain, and a cautious approach to more widespread implementation is warranted.
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Kamali, Mahdis, Mariella Munyuzangabo, Fahad J. Siddiqui, Michelle F. Gaffey, Sarah Meteke, Daina Als, Reena P. Jain, et al. "Delivering mental health and psychosocial support interventions to women and children in conflict settings: a systematic review." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 3 (March 2020): e002014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002014.
Abstract:
BackgroundOver 240 million children live in countries affected by conflict or fragility, and such settings are known to be linked to increased psychological distress and risk of mental disorders. While guidelines are in place, high-quality evidence to inform mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) interventions in conflict settings is lacking. This systematic review aimed to synthesise existing information on the delivery, coverage and effectiveness of MHPSS for conflict-affected women and children in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsWe searched Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Psychological Information Database (PsycINFO)databases for indexed literature published from January 1990 to March 2018. Grey literature was searched on the websites of 10 major humanitarian organisations. Eligible publications reported on an MHPSS intervention delivered to conflict-affected women or children in LMICs. We extracted and synthesised information on intervention delivery characteristics, including delivery site and personnel involved, as well as delivery barriers and facilitators, and we tabulated reported intervention coverage and effectiveness data.ResultsThe search yielded 37 854 unique records, of which 157 were included in the review. Most publications were situated in Sub-Saharan Africa (n=65) and Middle East and North Africa (n=36), and many reported on observational research studies (n=57) or were non-research reports (n=53). Almost half described MHPSS interventions targeted at children and adolescents (n=68). Psychosocial support was the most frequently reported intervention delivered, followed by training interventions and screening for referral or treatment. Only 19 publications reported on MHPSS intervention coverage or effectiveness.DiscussionDespite the growing literature, more efforts are needed to further establish and better document MHPSS intervention research and practice in conflict settings. Multisectoral collaboration and better use of existing social support networks are encouraged to increase reach and sustainability of MHPSS interventions.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42019125221.
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Gregory, Megan E., Shirley C. Sonesh, Jennifer Feitosa, Lauren E. Benishek, Ashley M. Hughes, and Eduardo Salas. "Decision Making on the Labor and Delivery Unit: An Investigation of Influencing Factors." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 59, no. 6 (April 10, 2017): 937–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720817703740.
Abstract:
Objective The aim of this study was to describe the relationship between negative affect (NA), decision-making style, time stress, and decision quality in health care. Background Health care providers must often make swift, high-stakes decisions. Influencing factors of the decision-making process in this context have been understudied. Method Within a sample of labor and delivery nurses, physicians, and allied personnel, we used self-report measures to examine the impact of trait factors, including NA, decision-making style, and perceived time stress, on decision quality in a situational judgment test (Study 1). In Study 2, we observed the influence of state NA, state decision-making style, state time stress, and their relationship with decision quality on real clinical decisions. Results In Study 1, we found that trait NA significantly predicted avoidant decision-making style. Furthermore, those who were higher on trait time stress and trait avoidant decision-making style exhibited poorer decisions. In Study 2, we observed associations between state NA with state avoidant and analytical decision-making styles. We also observed that these decision-making styles, when considered in tandem with time stress, were influential in predicting clinical decision quality. Conclusion NA predicts some decision-making styles, and decision-making style can affect decision quality under time stress. This is particularly true for state factors. Application Individual differences, such as affect and decision-making style, should be considered during selection. Training to reduce time stress perceptions should be provided.
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Claridge, Tanya, Dianne Parker, and Gary Cook. "Investigating the Attitudes of Health-Care Professionals towards the Use of Integrated Care Pathways in a District General Hospital: A Thematic Analysis of Focus Group Discussion." Journal of integrated Care Pathways 9, no. 2 (August 2005): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147322970500900203.
Abstract:
Context: Integrated care pathways (ICPs) are an increasingly common approach to the standardization and integration of health-care practice in the NHS. They delineate interdisciplinary critical decision points and evidence-based daily treatment regimens for patients in specific disease groups. ICP champions assert that they have the potential to decrease medical errors, increase the accuracy of data capture, increase the efficiency of personnel and ultimately improve the quality of patient care. Despite the theoretical benefits of ICP use, there was anecdotal evidence of staff unease and audit evidence of variable compliance with ICPs at a district general hospital (DGH). Objective: This focus group study was one of the three interdependent methodologies used to investigate the attitudes of health-care professionals towards ICPs in a DGH. It was anticipated that thematic analysis of the focus group discussion would facilitate further the interpretation of qualitative data already analysed in a previous phase of the project, and inform the development of a survey questionnaire investigating the attitudes of the health-care professionals towards ICPs. Design: Ten focus groups comprising on average, six health-care professionals were conducted. The staff involved included doctors, nurses, professions allied to medicine, a member of the Community Health Council and non-clinical managers. The focus groups included staff with a range of seniority and speciality. Results: Analysis of the data achieved facilitated the confirmation and identification of themes underpinning the focus group discussion. These are reported here and illustrated by representative quotations. Conclusion: The focus group study provided a valuable insight into the attitudes regarding ICPs of over 60 health-care professionals. The themes identified were used to facilitate the development of a survey questionnaire to explore them in a quantifiable way. Focus group methodology proved to be a useful way to explore emerging issues in depth, and to observe areas of disagreement among staff.
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Ferraz, Rafaela Novaes, Camilla De Godoy Maciel, Anna Karla De Oliveira Tito Borba, Iracema Da Silva Frazão, and Vanessa Vieira França. "Percepção dos profissionais de saúde sobre os fatores para a adesão ao tratamento hemodialítico [Health personnel’s perceptions of factors influencing hemodialysis treatment adherence] [Percepción de los profesionales de la salud acerca de los factores para la adhesión al tratamiento hemodialítico]." Revista Enfermagem UERJ 25 (December 20, 2017): e15504. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2017.15504.
Abstract:
Objetivo: investigar a percepção de profissionais de saúde sobre os fatores que interferem na adesão ao tratamento hemodialítico. Método: trata-se de estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, realizado com 41 profissionais de um serviço de hemodiálise no Nordeste do Brasil, em 2014. Os dados foram coletados mediante roteiro semiestruturado e analisados pelo software Alceste. Estudo aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética da instituição, CAEE: 28265814.5.0000.5197. Resultados: foram classificadas 173 unidades de contextos elementares que foram divididos em quatro classes discursivas: Vínculo profissional-paciente como suporte nas dificuldades iniciais do tratamento; Conhecimento do paciente renal sobre a doença e seu tratamento como uma estratégia para adesão; Despersonificação do sujeito aliado ao déficit de conhecimento e medo no implante do cateter; Paciente, família e profissionais como aliança na promoção do autocuidado. Conclusão: são fatores relevantes à adesão: comunicação, orientação, acolhimento e a família são pontos chave na adesão à terapêutica. ABSTRACTObjective: to investigate health personnel’s perceptions of factors influencing hemodialysis treatment adherence. Method: in this qualitative, descriptive study of 41 personnel in a hemodialysis service in northeastern Brazil, data were collected in 2014 by semi-structured interview and analyzed using Alceste software. The study was approved by the ethics committee (CAEE: 28265814.5.0000.5197). Results: 173 units of elementary contexts we classified and divided into four discursive classes: the patient-personnel bond as support in initial treatment difficulties; the renal patient’s knowledge about the disease and its treatment as a strategy for adherence; depersonalization of the subject, allied to knowledge deficit and fear at catheter implantation; and patient, family and health personnel as an alliance in promoting self-care. Conclusion: communication, guidance, “embracement” and family are key to adherence to therapy.RESUMENObjetivo: investigar la percepción de profesionales de la salud acerca de los factores que interfieren en la adhesión al tratamiento hemodialítico. Método: se trata de un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo, realizado junto a 41 profesionales de un servicio de hemodiálisis en el Nordeste de Brasil, en 2014. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de un guion semiestructurado y analizados por el software Alceste. Estudio aprobado por el Comité de la institución, CAEE: 28265814.5.0000.5197. Resultados: se clasificaron 173 unidades de contextos elementales que se dividieron en cuatro clases discursivas: vínculo profesional-paciente como apoyo en las dificultades iniciales del tratamiento; conocimiento del paciente renal sobre la enfermedad y su tratamiento como una estrategia para la adhesión; despersonalización del sujeto aliado al déficit de conocimiento y miedo en el implante del catéter; paciente, familia y profesionales como alianza en la promoción del autocuidado. Conclusión: comunicación, orientación, acogida y familia son puntos clave en la adhesión a la terapéutica. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2017.15504
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Kvidera, Sara K. "101 Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction: Causes and Metabolic Consequences." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (September 21, 2022): 45–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.089.
Abstract:
Abstract The intestinal epithelium has two critical roles: nutrient absorption and protection against numerous pathogens and antigens present in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). The GIT is thought to be the evolutionary developmental site of the original immune system which later progressed into adding more specialized tissues. The GIT contains an enormous surface area to defend against invading pathogens and contains the majority of the body’s immune cells. Poor gut health can be caused by a variety of stressors, and ruminant research has characterized the negative impacts of rumen acidosis, heat stress, and feed restriction (FR) on lower gut health. Recently, FR has been utilized as a model to study negative consequences of GIT health and strategies to ameliorate it. The mechanism by which FR causes barrier dysfunction is not known but could be due to a lack of luminal nutrients or associated psychological stress. If stress causes GIT health to be compromised to the point where pathogens/antigens cross into the host animal and if the insult is severe enough, systemic inflammation can ensue. Inflammation is energetically costly, in part because activated immune cells have a preferential appetite for glucose. Inflammation also alters basal and stimulated metabolism, likely to help support glucose sparing for immune system use. This is extremely costly to the producer, as an animal must mobilize valuable skeletal muscle stores or compromise milk (lactose) production to ensure adequate glucose for survival. In an intensely activated immune system, it has been estimated that ~1.0 g glucose / kg BW0.75 / hour is utilized to mount a response. Therefore, it is important for producers to minimize stresses known to compromise gut integrity and for nutritionists and allied industry personnel to understand and utilize nutritional strategies and interventions to protect GIT health.
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Selkin, Stuart G. "Photodocumentation of Laser Microsurgery: Preoperative, Intraoperative, and Postoperative Techniques for Still and Video Photographs." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 95, no. 3_part_1 (October 1986): 259–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01945998860953p101.
Abstract:
Photodocumentation of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative findings serves to enhance and complement the study of normal and pathologic anatomy and physiology. Such documentation is invaluable for the teaching of medical students, physicians in the same or in other specialties, and allied health personnel. A surgeon may review and refine surgical technique, and colleagues around the world may study the situation from the same vantage point after surgery has been completed. Referring physicians may be kept graphically informed of the findings and progress of their patients. With the development of such modern technologies as laser microsurgery, an objective means of assessing ablation of disease and healing of surgical wounds is now available, and many of the extravagant claims of “no bleeding, and no edema during or after surgery” may be confirmed or refuted. I shall describe techniques for endoscopic examination and photodocumentation of the ears, anterior and posterior nares, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative patient. Techniques for obtaining high-quality color transparencies and color and sound videotapes will be presented. Equipment is simple and relatively inexpensive, and no special knowledge of photography is required. Examples of benign and malignant disease of the ears, nose, nasopharynx, and larynx will be shown before, during, and at regular intervals after microsurgery with the CO2 laser.