Relevant bibliographies by topics / Alliance israélite universelle – Histoire

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Academic literature on the topic 'Alliance israélite universelle – Histoire'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Alliance israélite universelle – Histoire"

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Baron-Bloch, Rachel. "The Racial Politics of the Alliance Israélite Universelle." Jewish Quarterly Review 114, no. 1 (January 2024): 109–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2024.a921350.

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Abstract: Despite the extensive literature on the Alliance Israélite Universelle (AIU), scholars have yet to apply race as an explicit analytic in examining its work across the Ottoman Empire, North Africa, and Iran. I argue that the AIU racialized the Beta Israel as subjects in need of aid through overtly physiognomic descriptions, notions of time, and ethnographic descriptions of cultural practices that rest on underlying racial logics. Further, I argue that the AIU was driven by racial notions, anxieties, and aspirations around whiteness. These racial politics come to the fore through a case study of the ethnographic expeditions that the AIU sponsored to the Beta Israel in Ethiopia. The Alliance first sent Joseph Halévy in 1867–1868, and forty years later, dispatched a second expedition led by Rabbi Haim Nahum in 1909. While accounts of the AIU tend towards a paradigm of Orientalism, thinking with race accounts for the role that racial theory played in the development of Alliance policy, emphasizes multidirectional constructions of Blackness and whiteness, reveals analytic connections linking groups within a global racial hierarchy, and highlights continuities with debates around white gatekeeping in the Jewish community that are still unfolding today. Applying race as an explicit analytic thus not only reframes the work of the Alliance, but enables us to rethink Jewish history and historiography more globally.
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Cohen, Richard I. "Jews in Tunisia Confront the Alliance Israélite Universelle." Jewish Quarterly Review 113, no. 1 (January 2023): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2023.0008.

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Borovaya, Olga. "New Forms of Ladino Cultural Production in the Late Ottoman Period: Sephardi Theater as a Tool of Indoctrination." European Journal of Jewish Studies 2, no. 1 (2008): 65–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187247108786120837.

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AbstractThe reforms in the Ottoman Empire aiming at the modernization of the state (1839–76) and the arrival of the schools of the Alliance Israélite Universelle as of the 1860s led to significant changes in the life of the Ottoman Sephardi community. As a result of westernization, the last third of the nineteenth century witnessed the emergence of new forms of cultural production: press, belles lettres, and theater. They had no counterparts in previous epochs and were imported from Europe through the influence of the Alliance Israélite Universelle and the local westernizers. All of them took root and developed in their own way in the local Sephardi culture. As its title shows, this paper will deal with Sephardi theater as a sociocultural institution rather than with its aesthetic aspects which, as will be demonstrated, were not of great importance even to its creators. The paper examines the factors that brought Sephardi Theater into existence, as well as its functions in the Sephardi community.
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Fette, Julie. "From Casablanca to Houston." French Politics, Culture & Society 36, no. 3 (September 1, 2018): 32–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fpcs.2018.360303.

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This article melds family history with History, tracing the lives of my daughter’s grandparents, Marcelle Libraty and Pinhas Cohen. Products of the social mobility and integration offered by the Alliance israélite universelle, they became schoolteachers in Morocco and opted for France after independence. Currently in their eighties, Marcelle and Pinhas’s lives are connected to sweeping events in history: French colonialism, Vichy anti- Semitism, Moroccan independence, Jewish emigration. Inspired by Ivan Jablonka’s L’Histoire des grandparents que je n’ai pas eus, I experiment as both narrator of the past and participant in the family story, and demonstrate new ways of writing history. This auto-historiographical project shows how a family succeeds in preserving identities of origin and maintaining relationships despite socio-political upheaval and global mobility.
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Jaron, Steven. "The Jews in Nineteenth-Century France: From the French Revolution to the Alliance Israélite Universelle." Journal of Jewish Studies 50, no. 1 (April 1, 1999): 170–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.18647/2189/jjs-1999.

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Farah, Daniella. "Jews and Education in Modern Iran: The "Threat of Assimilation" and Changing Educational Landscapes." Jewish Social Studies 28, no. 3 (September 2023): 171–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jewisocistud.28.3.07.

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Abstract: In the 1960s and 70s, several transnational Jewish organizations—the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, the Alliance Israélite Universelle, Ozar Hatorah, and the Jewish Agency—expressed dire concern over the purported assimilation of Jews into Iranian society, claiming that it stemmed from their upward mobility and increasing enrollment in non-Jewish schools. Drawing on previously untapped archival documents, printed materials, and oral histories in Persian, French, Hebrew, and English, I argue that it was mainly foreign Jews, and not Iranian Jews themselves, who feared the specter of assimilation. In fact, Iranian Jewish parents viewed their children's attendance in non-Jewish schools as integral to their economic and social prosperity in a Muslim-majority country. Ultimately, because Iranian Jews were not as preoccupied with assimilation as their non-Iranian coreligionists, I suggest that an examination of assimilation in the Iranian context can help us complicate the importance of this concept in modern Jewish historical scholarship.
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Farah, Daniella. "Jews and Education in Modern Iran: The "Threat of Assimilation" and Changing Educational Landscapes." Jewish Social Studies 28, no. 3 (September 2023): 171–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jss.2023.a910391.

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Abstract: In the 1960s and 70s, several transnational Jewish organizations—the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, the Alliance Israélite Universelle, Ozar Hatorah, and the Jewish Agency—expressed dire concern over the purported assimilation of Jews into Iranian society, claiming that it stemmed from their upward mobility and increasing enrollment in non-Jewish schools. Drawing on previously untapped archival documents, printed materials, and oral histories in Persian, French, Hebrew, and English, I argue that it was mainly foreign Jews, and not Iranian Jews themselves, who feared the specter of assimilation. In fact, Iranian Jewish parents viewed their children's attendance in non-Jewish schools as integral to their economic and social prosperity in a Muslim-majority country. Ultimately, because Iranian Jews were not as preoccupied with assimilation as their non-Iranian coreligionists, I suggest that an examination of assimilation in the Iranian context can help us complicate the importance of this concept in modern Jewish historical scholarship.
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8

Berkowitz, Michael. "Images of Sephardi and Eastern Jewries in transition: The teachers of the Alliance Israélite Universelle, 1860–1939." History of European Ideas 21, no. 5 (September 1995): 697–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-6599(95)90453-0.

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Headrick, Isabelle S. "A Family in Iran: Women Teachers, Minority Integration, and Family Networks in the Jewish Schools of the Alliance Israélite Universelle in Iran, 1900–1950." Journal of the Middle East and Africa 10, no. 4 (October 2, 2019): 307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21520844.2019.1663758.

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Headrick, Isabelle S. "The Web in the Tempest: The Experiences of the Teachers and School Directors of the Alliance Israélite Universelle during the Iranian Constitutional Revolution, 1906–11." Jewish Social Studies 27, no. 2 (June 2022): 89–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jewisocistud.27.2.04.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alliance israélite universelle – Histoire"

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Damberger, Nathan. "« La tendre mère » : la formation identitaire des Juifs du Liban. Le rôle de l’Alliance Israélite Universelle au XXe siècle (1943-1975)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL048.

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Notre thèse porte sur l’histoire de la communauté juive au Liban, notamment à partir de la fin du mandat français en 1943 et de la création de l’État d’Israël en 1948, jusqu’à sa désagrégation et dispersion au lendemain de la Guerre des Six-Jours en 1967. Nous souhaitons examiner la place cruciale occupée par l’Alliance Israélite Universelle (AIU), établissement éducatif principal de la communauté juive libanaise, dans la formation identitaire de ses anciens membres jusqu’à ce jour. À l'appui de notre travail d’archives et des entretiens menés au sein de la diaspora juive-libanaise aujourd’hui, nous avançons que le rôle de l’Alliance Israélite Universelle fut non seulement un important agent de socialisation des Juifs libanais, peut-être le principal, mais que les valeurs dispensées par cette institution renforçaient en outre la notion d’une appartenance ethnique commune et la croyance dans cette appartenance, ressentie comme primordiale. Cependant, cette prise en conscience subjective d’ethnicité – un terme que nous expliciterons et discuterons plus loin - est fortement circonstancielle et relationnelle, et donc non essentielle per se. Ce qui le prouve est d’ailleurs l’expérience migratoire des anciens membres de la communauté juive du Liban. Une expérience qui les conduisit à réévaluer leur conception de soi ainsi que le recours à des stratégies identitaires pour maintenir, changer, transformer ou rejeter leurs identités établies jusqu’à leur départ du Liban
This thesis deals with the history of Lebanon’s Jewish community, in particular from the end of the French mandate period in 1943 and the creation of State of Israel in 1948 to its disintegration and dispersion in the aftermath of the 1967 Six-Day War. I will demonstrate the crucial place the Alliance Israélite Universelle (AIU), the community’s main educational institution, occupies in the identity formation of its former members to this day. Based on our archival work and interviews conducted in today’s Lebanese-Jewish diaspora world-wide, I argue that the AIU in Lebanon was not only a primary agent of socialization but more importantly an institution that reinforced the notion of belonging to a distinct and primordial ethnic community. I explore the subjective awareness of ethnic belonging which is profoundly contingent and relational rather than intrinsic and essential. This is illustrated by the migratory experience of the former members of this community, an experience which led to a reevaluation of their self-conception and the relying of identity strategies in order to keep, change, transform or reject their previously established identities
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Abate, Emma. "Manoscritti della Genizah alla biblioteca della Alliance Israélite Universelle : uno sguardo sulla magia ebraica." Paris, EPHE, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EPHE4039.

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La recherche porte sur la mise en considération de manuscrits magiques conservés à la bibliothèque de l’Alliance Israélite Universelle (Paris) dans la collection de la Genizah du Caire. Il s’agit de quatorze spécimens des amulettes et des prescriptions magiques touchant des rituels à déployer pour l’obtention de profits personnels. Les documents, en Hébreu et Araméen, sont gardés dans la boîte 130, cote VI C , et comprennent folios et bi-folios dont l’état de conservation est très inégal et qui datent entre le Moyen âge et l’Époque moderne. L’analyse, répartie en une introduction (comprenant histoire de la collection, méthode du travail, status quaestionis et caractéristiques des textes) et en deux sections consacrées à l’examen direct des manuscrits, conjugue l’étude paléographique et philologique à la recherche sur la fonction de la magie dans la culture hébraïque. Les descriptions des documents (conservation, format, support, mise en page, mise en texte et style de l’écriture) et leur déchiffrement sont complétés par des commentaires sur le contenu des textes et sur leur emploi rituel. Les manuscrits sont comparés avec des autres témoignages de l’antiquité tardive jusqu’à l’époque moderne afin de montrer les liens entre des typologies textuelles hétérogènes et d’entreprendre une enquête sur la littérature magique hébraïque dans une perspective à la fois synchronique et diachronique. A travers l’analyse de sources conservées dans une même collection, les textes sont situés dans leur contexte historique et religieux ; on réussit ainsi à préciser un profil des auteurs et des commettants provenant du milieu des communautés hébraïques méditerranées et proche-orientaux
This research deals with magical manuscripts from the Cairo Genizah that are currently held at the Alliance Israelite Universelle’s Library Genizah collection in Paris. The material concerns fourteen specimens including amulets and magical texts providing instructions in order to achieve individual purposes. Selected from the box 130, shelfmark VI C, most of the documents consists of one-folio or bi-folio’s Hebrew and Aramaic manuscripts which are heterogeneous with regard to preservation conditions and origins, mostly belonging from the Middle Ages or the Early Modern Period. The survey, including a general introduction (history of the collection, methodological instruments, status quaestionis and literary features) and two sections delving into the manuscripts through their direct examination, combines both the palaeographical and philological perspectives with historical and cultural approaches on Hebrew magic. Documents’ descriptions (giving information about conservation, formats, writing materials, mise en page, mise en texte and types of script) and deciphering are equipped with philological comments and annotations about their contents and ritual deployment. The manuscripts are here compared with other magical sources from Late Antiquity until Early Modern Period displaying different textual typologies, aiming to investigate Hebrew magical literature both from diachronic and synchronic viewpoints. By analyzing sources coming from a single collection, this study succeeds in setting the texts into their historical and religious context and in sketching a profile of their authors, scribes and purchasers who lived in Hebrew Mediterranean and Near Eastern society
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Assan, Valérie. "Les consistoires israélites d'Algérie au XIXe siècle : l'alliance de la civilisation et de la religion." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010642.

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En créant des consistoires israélites en Algérie en 1845, la France de la Monarchie de Juillet exporta au Maghreb un modèle institutionnel conçu sous le Premier Empire pour les communautés juives d'Europe. Cette thèse retrace leur genèse et leur mise en place, puis leur évolution Les papiers ministériels, territoriaux et consistoriaux font apparaître les rouages de l'administration consistoriale algérienne, ses relations avec le Consistoire central et avec les autorités françaises. On étudie également l'application de la loi de Séparation. L'étude prosopographique du personnel consistorial permet de caractériser plusieurs groupes - rabbins français, rabbins locaux et laïcs - et de définir leurs rôles respectifs et leurs relations. La mission de régénération assignée aux consistoires conduit à étudier leur politique éducative, leur capacité à endosser le projet d'émancipation et leur défense des juifs pendant la crise antisémite de 1898.
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Alhaidar, Maha. "Influences et conséquences d'un siècle d'enseignement de la langue française en Irak (1869-1958)." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL065.

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Nous traitons ici de l’enseignement en Irak sous l'Empire Ottoman, aux XIXe et XXe siècles, dans un pays autrefois multi-ethnique et pluri-confessionnel. Pendant les Tanzimat, l'Irak bénéficia des réformes du gouverneur Midhat Pacha. Plusieurs écoles Chrétiennes, Juives et des différentes communautés existaient avant les missions religieuses occidentales (Carmes, Dominicains. Alliance Israélite Universelle). L'évolution des différents établissements et leurs liens éventuels sont décrits ici. À partir d'archives françaises et iraquiennes, un panorama précis de l'enseignement irakien s'établit après 1908. Nous mettons en évidence le rôle des écoles privées des missions françaises catholiques et juives qui ont diffusé la langue et la culture (laïcité) françaises en Irak (imprimerie, traductions, presse), avec l'appui de la diplomatie française au-delà du gouvernement de Vichy. Sept portraits d'intellectuels irakiens illustrent l'influence française en même temps que la réhabilitation de la langue arabe. Nous pensons contribuer ainsi à une meilleure connaissance de l'Irak au XIXe siècle et revivifier les échanges culturels entre notre pays et la France
We are dealing here with education in Iraq under the Ottoman Empire, in the nineteenth and twentieth century's, in a once multi-ethnic and multi-confessional country. During the Tanzimat, Iraq benefited from the reforms of Governor Midhat Pasha. Several Christian, Jewish and different communities' schools existed before Western religious missions (Carmelites, Dominicans, Alliance Israelite Universally). The evolution of the different institutions and their possible links are described here. From French and Iraqi archives, a precise panorama of Iraqi education is established since 1908. We highlight the role of the private schools of the French Catholic and Jewish missions which disseminated French language and culture (secularism) in Iraq (printing, translations, press), with the support of French diplomacy till and after the government of Vichy.Seven portraits of Iraqi intellectuals illustrate the French influence as well as the rehabilitation of the Arabic language. We believe we contribute in this way to a better knowledge of Iraq in the nineteenth century and to revitalize the cultural exchanges between our country and France
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Alhaidar, Maha. "Influences et conséquences d'un siècle d'enseignement de la langue française en Irak (1869-1958)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUL065.

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Nous traitons ici de l’enseignement en Irak sous l'Empire Ottoman, aux XIXe et XXe siècles, dans un pays autrefois multi-ethnique et pluri-confessionnel. Pendant les Tanzimat, l'Irak bénéficia des réformes du gouverneur Midhat Pacha. Plusieurs écoles Chrétiennes, Juives et des différentes communautés existaient avant les missions religieuses occidentales (Carmes, Dominicains. Alliance Israélite Universelle). L'évolution des différents établissements et leurs liens éventuels sont décrits ici. À partir d'archives françaises et iraquiennes, un panorama précis de l'enseignement irakien s'établit après 1908. Nous mettons en évidence le rôle des écoles privées des missions françaises catholiques et juives qui ont diffusé la langue et la culture (laïcité) françaises en Irak (imprimerie, traductions, presse), avec l'appui de la diplomatie française au-delà du gouvernement de Vichy. Sept portraits d'intellectuels irakiens illustrent l'influence française en même temps que la réhabilitation de la langue arabe. Nous pensons contribuer ainsi à une meilleure connaissance de l'Irak au XIXe siècle et revivifier les échanges culturels entre notre pays et la France
We are dealing here with education in Iraq under the Ottoman Empire, in the nineteenth and twentieth century's, in a once multi-ethnic and multi-confessional country. During the Tanzimat, Iraq benefited from the reforms of Governor Midhat Pasha. Several Christian, Jewish and different communities' schools existed before Western religious missions (Carmelites, Dominicans, Alliance Israelite Universally). The evolution of the different institutions and their possible links are described here. From French and Iraqi archives, a precise panorama of Iraqi education is established since 1908. We highlight the role of the private schools of the French Catholic and Jewish missions which disseminated French language and culture (secularism) in Iraq (printing, translations, press), with the support of French diplomacy till and after the government of Vichy.Seven portraits of Iraqi intellectuals illustrate the French influence as well as the rehabilitation of the Arabic language. We believe we contribute in this way to a better knowledge of Iraq in the nineteenth century and to revitalize the cultural exchanges between our country and France
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Leblanc, Claire. "Des arts décoratifs aux arts industriels: contribution à la genèse de l'Art Nouveau en Belgique, 1830-1893." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211045.

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Des arts décoratifs aux arts industriels. Contribution à la genèse de l’Art Nouveau en Belgique. (1830-1893)

Thèse réalisée sous la direction de M. Michel Draguet et présentée en vue de l’obtention du titre de Docteur en Histoire de l’Art.

Bruxelles, janvier 2005.

Dès la fin du XVIIIe puis tout au long du XIXe siècle, le secteur décoratif connaît une mutation profonde sous l’impulsion de la Révolution industrielle. La production décorative, jusqu’alors issue d’un artisanat de longue tradition, se développe désormais également dans le registre industriel (production et diffusion à grande échelle). Cette nouvelle situation est la source d’un renouvellement important quant à la nature des disciplines décoratives, aux missions qui leur sont assignées ainsi qu’à l’organisation générale du secteur.

L’étude présentée sous le titre susmentionné vise à observer l’impact de ce bouleversement sur le secteur industriel belge durant le XIXe siècle, depuis la fondation du pays en 1830 jusqu’au moment d’éclosion de l’Art Nouveau en 1893, amorçant une nouvelle phase d’évolution du secteur.

Notre étude vise dès lors à établir une nouvelle lecture de l’évolution décorative belge de cette période. Au-delà des manifestations stylistiques, majoritairement passéistes tout au long du siècle, le secteur connaît une mutation profonde s’opérant autour de nombreuses interrogations quant à ses nouvelles orientations et ses nouveaux objectifs. La question de l’équilibre délicat entre la nouvelle nature industrielle et le caractère artistique de la production décorative en constitue le point central. Nous décelons deux phases clefs dans l’évolution de cette problématique. Dans un premier temps (durant la première moitié du XIXe siècle) deux catégories distinctes – l’une nouvelle, l’autre ancienne – cohabitent désormais au sein du seul secteur décoratif :d’une part un « art industriel » moderne aux missions sociales, d’autre part un « art décoratif » traditionnel et généralement luxueux. Si les objets produits dans les deux registres répondent communément à une destination utilitaire, leur rapport au « Beau » s’oppose. Dans un deuxième temps (durant la seconde moitié du XIXe siècle) – et suite à l’Exposition universelle de Londres de 1851 qui mettra à jour les limites de la situation développée durant la première moitié du siècle –, la majorité des acteurs du secteur ambitionneront la dissolution de cette dichotomie par la fusion de ces deux registres. L’alliance de l’art et de l’industrie constituera effectivement l’objectif principal d’une large partie du secteur décoratif belge de l’époque. Deux chantiers principaux viseront à l’accomplissement de cet objectif :d’une part, la réforme de l’enseignement décoratif et d’autre part, la création d’un musée d’arts décoratifs et industriels.

Ce cheminement révélera, simultanément, la nécessité d’une réforme stylistique. Celle-ci est alors conçue comme un aboutissement des deux principaux chantiers…….


Doctorat en philosophie et lettres, Orientation histoire de l'art et archéologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Books on the topic "Alliance israélite universelle – Histoire"

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Histoire de l'Alliance israélite universelle de 1860 à nos jours. Paris: A. Colin, 2010.

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L' Alliance en action: Les écoles de l'Alliance israélite universelle dans l'Empire du Maroc (1862-1912). Paris: Nadir, 2001.

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Rodrigue, Aron. De l'instruction à l'émancipation: Les enseignants de l'Alliance israélite universelle et les Juifs d'Orient 1860-1939. Paris: Calmann-Lévy, 1989.

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Weill, Georges J. Emancipation et progrès: L'Alliance israélite universelle et les droits de l'homme. Paris: Nadir, 2000.

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Antébi, Elizabeth. L' homme du sérail. Paris: NiL éditions, 1996.

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Silver, M. M. Bi-sheliḥut ha-maʻarav: Mabaṭ aḥer 'al ha-hisṭoryah ha-Yehudit ha-modernit. Tel Aviv: ha-Ḳibuts ha-meʼuḥad, 2014.

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L'enseignement français en Méditerranée: Les missionnaires et l'Alliance israélite universelle. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2010.

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Hussards de l'Alliance: Rachel & David Sasson. Paris: Palio, 2010.

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Committee to Honor the Alliance israélite universelle (New York, N.Y.), ed. Hommage aux fondateurs de l'Alliance israélite universelle: On the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the founding of Alliance in Iran : educators of over 1,000,000 Jewish and non-Jewish children. New York: Committee to Honor the Alliance Israélite Universelle, 1995.

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Choukroun, Maryse. Mon Grand-père Albert Confino: Ou 70 ans au service de l'Alliance Israélite Universelle. France?]: [Publisher not identified], 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Alliance israélite universelle – Histoire"

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Wilke, Carsten L. "Competitive Advocacy: The Romanian Committee of Berlin and the Alliance Israélite Universelle, 1872–1878." In Jahrbuch des Simon-Dubnow-Instituts / Simon Dubnow Institute Yearbook XIV/2015, 131–56. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.13109/9783666369452.131.

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Bouganim, Ami. "The School Ghetto in France." In Jewish Day Schools, Jewish Communities, 222–34. Liverpool University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781904113744.003.0012.

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This chapter examines the school ghetto in France. The Jewish school in France was never conceived or planned; it just created itself behind the backs of community institutions. The first modern Jewish institution in the country with a pedagogical vocation, the Alliance Israélite Universelle, was founded in 1860 and decided against opening schools in France. However, in the middle of the 1990s it was finally decided to create a new school in France. But the new institution, the Établissement Georges Leven, was fraught with many problems. During this period, the students in Pavillons-sous-Bois continued to attend classes in unhealthy conditions. The chapter shows how the history of Jewish schools in France is a reflection of what happened with the Pavillons-sous-Bois school.
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"In a bizarre country: the Jews of Egypt and the Alliance Israélite Universelle Neither Eastern, nor Western: turn- of-the- century Egyptian Jews." In Histories of the Jews of Egypt, 32–64. Routledge, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315754475-7.

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"2 The Alliance Israélite Universelle, Shushani, and the École Normale Israélite Universelle." In Emmanuel Levinas's Talmudic Turn, 53–88. Stanford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781503629608-006.

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Winter, Jay. "René Cassin and the Alliance Israélite Universelle." In Post-Holocaust France and the Jews, 1945-1955, 203–26. NYU Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479835041.003.0011.

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Abulafia, David. "Ottoman Exit, 1900–1918." In The Great Sea. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195323344.003.0045.

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The history of the Mediterranean has been presented in this book as a series of phases in which the sea was, to a greater or lesser degree, integrated into a single economic and even political area. With the coming of the Fifth Mediterranean the whole character of this process changed. The Mediterranean became the great artery through which goods, warships, migrants and other travellers reached the Indian Ocean from the Atlantic. The falling productivity of the lands surrounding the Mediterranean, and the opening of high-volume trade in grain from Canada or tobacco from the United States (to cite two examples), rendered the Mediterranean less interesting to businessmen. Even the revived cotton trade of Egypt faced competition from India and the southern United States. Steamship lines out of Genoa headed across the western Mediterranean and out into the Atlantic, bearing to the New World hundreds of thousands of migrants, who settled in New York, Chicago, Buenos Aires, São Paulo and other booming cities of North and South America in the years around 1900. Italian emigration was dominated by southerners, for the inhabitants of the southern villages saw none of the improvement in the standard of living that was beginning to transform Milan and other northern centres. For the French, on the other hand, opportunities to create a new life elsewhere could be found within the Mediterranean: Algeria became the focus of French emigration, for the ideal was to create a new France on the shores of North Africa, while keeping the wilder interior under colonial rule. Two manifestations of this policy were the rebuilding of large areas of Algiers as a European city, and the collective extension of French citizenship to 35,000 Algerian Jews, in 1870. The Algerian Jews were seen as évolé, ‘civilized’, for they had embraced the opportunities provided by French rule, opening modern schools under the auspices of the Alliance Israélite Universelle, founded to promote Jewish education on the European model, and transforming themselves into a new professional class.
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Brodsky, Adriana M. "63 Alliance Israélite Universelle School Curricula. Argentina, 1898." In Jews Across the Americas, 270–72. New York University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479819331.003.0069.

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8

Brodsky, Adriana M. "63. Alliance Israélite Universelle School Curricula (Argentina, 1898)." In Jews Across the Americas, 270–72. New York University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479819348.003.0073.

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9

Benbassa, Esther. "Education for Jewish Girls in the East: A Portrait of the Galata School in Istanbul, 1879-1912." In Modern jews and their musical agendas, 163–73. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195086171.003.0009.

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Abstract The Galata School in Istanbul belonged to the educational network set up by the Alliance Israélite Universelle during the years 1862-1914. The express purpose of these schools was to promote both the emancipation of the Jews and their moral, intellectual and material improvement. In principle, Alliance institutions were open to all regardless of religion, nationality, sex or socioeconomic background. Except for its being restricted to girls, this was true of the Galata establishment.
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Harel, Yaron. "Education—Traditional and Modern." In Syrian Jewry in Transition, 1840-1880, 77–94. Liverpool University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781904113652.003.0006.

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AS IN THE ELECTION of chief rabbis and the communal administration, so in education the wealthy elites, including the Francos, exercised decisive influence within the Jewish communities of Syria. Throughout the period under examination here the majority of Jewish boys continued to study in traditional frameworks; nonetheless, these years also saw a rising number of students enrolling in the modern schools for boys established by the Alliance Israélite Universelle and the foundation of Alliance institutions for girls. The process of introducing modern educational institutions illustrates once again how divisions within the Jewish community affected Jewish life in Syria....
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