Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Alliages réfractaires – Teneur en nickel'
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Willemin, Pascal. "Equilibres de phases dans les alliages à base de nickel contenant de l'aluminium, du tantale et du titane." Grenoble INPG, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPG0034.
Full textLe, Blanc Annie. "Étude du brasage-diffusion de superalliages base nickel : application à l'assemblage ATGP3/DS247." Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD247.
Full textChassaigne, Jean-Christophe. "Fissuration à hautes températures du superalliage base nickel N18 élaboré par métallurgie des poudres : Etude du couplage mécanique-environnement en pointe de fissure." Paris, ENMP, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENMPA001.
Full textHoinard, Geneviève. "Contribution à l'étude de l'anisotropie de l'écrouissage à 650c dans les monocristaux de superalliages base nickel AM3 et CMSX2." Paris 13, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA132020.
Full textClarisse, Marie-Hélène. "Microstructure et déformation plastique d'alliages à base de nickel contenant du bore élaborés par refroidissement rapide." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112137.
Full textTwo nickel-based super alloys containing respectively 1. 6 and 3. 5 weight% of boron were prepared by melt spinning. After hot extrusion, the alloys had a microcrystalline structure which was a mixture of Ɣ or Ɣ+Ɣ’ grains and of borides. The plastic deformation was studied in compression from room temperature up to 1000°C and in creep-compression near 0. 6 Tm (Tm : melting point). The yield stress of these alloys decreases rapidly at high temperature the drastic decrease was explained by grain boundary sliding. The microstructure of deformation is the following at room temperature, the deformation is homogeneous inside the grains pile-ups of dislocations stopped against the grain boundaries are observed at high temperature (T higher than 600°C), no dislocations can be found in most grains, after several percent of deformation; when present, the dislocations are mainly concentrated near the multiple grain boundary junctions. Creep results have shown that above 600°C, the creep mechanism is dominated by Grain Boundary Sliding controlled by pipe diffusion. The deformation rate is a law as: ɛ= A DcGb/kT [b/d]² [o/G]⁴
Estevez, Rafaël. "Etude théorique et expérimentale de l'influence de la nature biphasée des superalliages monocristallins base nickel sur leur comportement élastoplastique, de la température ambiante à 650c." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA132030.
Full textN'Gandu, Muamba Justin Maximilien. "Contribution à l'étude de l'oxydation des revêtements d'aluminiures du type NiAl, simples ou modifiés, déposés sur le nickel et des superalliages à base nickel." Aix-Marseille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX11069.
Full textBennouna, Abdouh. "Etude de l'oxydation du superalliage réfractaire inconel 718 (NC19F eNb) : rôle des précipités de carbure de niobium et de phase delta (Ni 3Nb)." Toulouse, INPT, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPT005G.
Full textTouratier, Fabienne. "Etude des mécanismes de déformation et d'endommagement du superalliage à base de nickel MC2 en fluage aux très hautes températures." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/8371/1/touratier_partie_1_sur_2.pdf.
Full textLabrousse, Laurent. "Mouillage et réactivité des alliages réfractaires Ni-Al-Ti sur l'alumine." Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0123.
Full textChateau, Emmanuel. "Comportement et endommagement en fluage à haute température du superalliage forgé à base de nickel Udimet 720." Paris, ENMP, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ENMP0912.
Full textDanis, Yann. "Etude de la soudabilité d’un superalliage base nickel fortement chargé en éléments durcissants titane et aluminium : l’inconel 738." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR13761/document.
Full textAbstract
Sawan, Khaled. "Optimisation d'un outillage acier rechargé en superalliage pour forge à chaud." Toulouse, INSA, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ISAT0039.
Full textFournier, dit Chabert Florent. "Rechargement laser d'un superalliage à base de nickel : étude expérimentale et modélisation de l'endommagement." Nantes, 2007. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=330065e9-7ae3-4911-82fe-f88903d7fb03.
Full textLaser metal cladding is a welding-like process, in particular used to rebuild the shape of aeronautical components made of nickel based superalloys. Interdendritic cracks are systematically observed inside the repaired zone. After a metallurgical study of the damage, the hypothesis of an embrittlement by interfacial sulphur segregation has been confirmed by two techniques: Auger electron spectroscopy and electron probe micro-analysis. The ability of the latter to detect and quantify interfacial segregations has been demonstrated in the study. A fine modelling of the thermal aspects of the process and of interfacial segregation, using finite elements, allowed to show that sulphur segregation could not be avoided. In particular, it has been shown, using numerical simulation, that is not possible to control interfacial segregation through the adjustment of process parameters (laser power and velocity). Furthermore, welding processes are known to generate important residual stresses and plastic strains. A tensile residual stress state in the repaired zone, associated to important plastic strains, has been simulated using finite elements. It is responsible of the cracking of interdendritic boundaries embrittled by important quantities of sulphur. Finally, a parametric study of the process parameters (laser power and velocity) has been performed and has led to a solution to the cracking problem
Facco, Antoine. "Développement d'un nouvel alliage austénitique résistant en fluage à forte teneur en Al : Relation microstructure/propriétés mécaniques/vieillissement." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR130.
Full textHeat resistant Fe-Ni-Cr austenitic stainless alloys are used in centrifugally cast tubes for cracking furnaces. These tubes undergo high temperatures (950-1150°C), low pressure (few bars) in a harsh environment (oxidation, carburization, coking, …). The current developments are focused on alloys with high Al-content in order to improve the environmental resistance thanks to the formation of a protective alumina scale. Nevertheless, Al is known to decrease the creep properties. The main goal is to understand the influence of the chemical composition especially the Al-content on the microstructure and the creep properties in order to propose a new creep-resistant alloy with high Al-content (>3.5wt.%). In this study, several aluminaforming austenitic alloys (AFA) were tested in creep and their microstructures characterized after solidification, after thermal ageing and after creep in order to make the link between creep properties and microstructures. This work showed: - The nature of primary Cr-carbides determines the creep resistance of these alloys in the high stress regime. - The secondary precipitation of M23C6 is crucial regarding the creep properties in the high stress regime but has low impact in the low stress regime. - The addition of high level of Y prevents the secondary precipitation of M23C6 despite the M7C3 transformation into M23C6. - The addition of high Al and Cr contents stabilizes the NiAl and α’ ductile phases at service temperature. The NiAl phase was identified as deleterious for the creep properties. These conclusions allowed to develop a method for chemical composition optimization of creep resistant austenitic alloy with high Al-content. The industrial aim consisting to develop alloys with high Al-content (>3.5wt.%) with good environment resistance while keeping good creep properties was filled and resulted in the development of the Manaurite® XAl4 currently commercialized by Manoir Industries
Molins, Régine. "Oxydation de superalliages à base de nickel : identification des mécanismes et conséquences sur le mode de propagation des fissures en fatigue à haute température." Paris, ENMP, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ENMP0526.
Full textBenkaddour, Abdelkhalek. "Proprietes des defauts d'irradiation dans des alliages austenitiques fer-chrome-nickel et des alliages ferritiques fer-chrome : influence de la teneur en chrome." Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066144.
Full textBenkaddour, Abdelkhalek. "Propriétés des défauts d'irradiation dans des alliages austénitiques fer-chrome-nickel et des alliages ferritiques fer-chrome influence de la teneur en chrome /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602846c.
Full textOlier, Patrick. "Alliages à mémoire de forme de base TiNi : influence du mode de fabrication, de la teneur en oxygène et de l'ajout de zirconium ou d'hafnium sur les caractéristiques métallurgiques et les propriétés thermomécaniques /." Gif-sur-Yvette : Direction de l'information scientifique et technique, CEA Saclay, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35851337w.
Full textChahine, Nafez. "Caractérisation du vieillissementdes arcs orthodontiques Nickel-TitaneAnalyse par Thermographie Infrarouge." Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIMS005.
Full textThe conventional nickel-titanium alloy or NiTi is an equiatomic alloy formed ofapproximately 50% nickel and 50% titanium. It has special characteristics such assuperelasticity, superplasticity and is a shape memory alloy.The subject of this work concerns the study of the aging and corrosion of NiTi orthodonticwires retrieved after treatment. It is based on the study of the different characteristics ofthese orthodontic wires before and after use. We include and compare the arches of 3different manufacturers: American Orthodontics, Ortho Classic and AZ Dent.The clinical part of this study was carried out in Saudi Arabia in the F.R.B Clinic Centeron orthodontic wires removed from patients after a 4 to 6 weeks’ post-consent period forpatients to participate in the study.Our research is based on different tests:- Hardness,- Roughness- SEM observations (scanning electron microscope)- Microprobe analysis,- TEM observations (transmission electron microscope),- Thermographic analysis- Corrosion resistance tests.155 arches after use have been studied and compared to new arches.In the first part, we analyze the behavior of these orthodontic arches NiTi vis-à-viscorrosion. We began by studying samples by SEM. The complex impedance analysisallows us to show the presence of multiple layers of oxides (nickel oxide, titanium andalumina) which we confirm in microanalytical electron microscopy (TEM).In the second part, we set up an original nondestructive method of characterization ofNiTi orthodontic wires allowing the detection of defects by infrared thermography.Finally, in the third and last part, statistical analysis by ANOVA on the hardness,roughness and infrared thermography tests allows us to look for correlations between theanalyzes carried out and the different parameters related to the patients (man, woman,teenagers, adults, etc ...) and conclude on the behavior of these bows used clinically.The comparison of the arches between them shows differences in behavior andresistance over time. At SEM, used wires become rougher, with many streaks and theappearance of porosities. We confirmed in the corrosion behavior tests that thedeteriorated areas of the used arches correspond to zones of corrosions. Microprobe and6SEM analysis enabled the detection of nickel oxide and titanium oxide particles on thesurface of the arches used. This confirmed the corrosion tests.In conclusion, we can say that orthodontic arches NiTi deteriorate significantly after 4-6weeks in the mouth. Not all arches have the same behavior and the clinicalconsequences of these impairments have yet to be evaluated. Improving the behaviorof these devices in the mouth is a necessity
Jouiad, Mustapha. "Caractéristiques mécaniques et état d'ordre de la phase gamma de superalliages base nickel." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30193.
Full textVilasi, Michel. "Étude de l'oxydation et de la corrosion à haute température des phases constitutives d'un alliage NiCoCrAIYTa." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10034.
Full textAugustins-Lecallier, Isabelle. "Conception de nouveaux superalliages MdP base nickel pour disques de turbines." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00710579.
Full textAugustins-Lecallier, Isabelle. "Conception de nouveaux superalliages MdP base nickel pour disques de turbines." Phd thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2011. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00710579.
Full textIn order to upgrade the SNECMA M88 engine, new specifications were issued for the material of the parts that are currently made by forging and machining N18 superalloy, including, essentially, turbine discs. This study focuses on the development of new Nickel base polycrystalline superalloys which meet these specifications, i. E. Which generally exhibit mechanical properties and microstructural stability better than that of alloy N18, in spite of a significant reduction of the γ' volume fraction. Refering to the state of the art on the specific role of each of the various alloying elements and of heat treatments on the microstructural and mechanical characteristics of the superalloys, new compositions are explored. The microstructures of these experimental alloy compositions are analysed. Tensile, creep and crack propagation tests are performed in order to compare the properties of these new alloys with those of reference, industrially used, superalloys. Among the evaluated alloys, those exhibiting a remarkable tensile and creep resistance were examined by transmission electron microscopy in order to identify the various deformation mechanisms: an interpretation of the outstanding resistance to deformation is presented
Vialas, Nadia. "Étude de la détérioration par oxydation haute température et interdiffusion de systèmes revêtement-superalliage à base de nickel. Prévision de durée de vie." Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00001125/.
Full textGovaere, Adèle. "Impact des carbures sur la variabilité des propriétés en fatigue de superalliages pour disques." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESMA0020.
Full textNowadays, original engine makers are challenged by the environmental requirements imposing drastic decrease of CO2 and NOx emissions. It leads to the development of γ/γ′ nickel-based superalloys to ensure good tensile and fatigue properties and a good oxidation behavior of turbine discs. AD730TM was elaborated for applications up to 700°C and the crack initiation and propagation mechanisms this alloy need to be investigated. Non-metallic inclusions are brittle elements that are sensitive to oxidation. They can act as stress concentration sites and can lead to crack initiation. Low cycle fatigue tests were performed at 450°C and 700°C to determine the tests conditions promoting a crack initiation from such inclusions. Fractographic analyzes revealed that inclusions lead to the specimen fracture when the environmental effects are limited and at high strain or stress ranges.In order to better understand the parameters promoting inclusions cracking, oxidation and in situ tensile tests in a SEM chamber were performed. They highlighted an important volume expansion and the cracking of niobium oxides. A stress threshold necessary to crack inclusions was also determined. To improve the fatigue tests understanding, crack propagation tests were carried out to estimate the crack initiation time according to the temperature and the stress range applied. This crack initiation time is shorter when the cracks initiate within inclusions
Risbet-Voitot, Marion. "Influence de l'état métallurgique et d'un gradient de contraintes sur le critère d'endurance (critère de Dang Van) d'un superalliage à base nickel." Compiègne, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002COMP1436.
Full textDelabrouille, Frédéric Viguier Bernard Andrieu Eric. "Caractérisation par MET de fissures de corrosion sous contrainte d'alliages à base de nickel influence de la teneur en chrome et de la chimie du milieu /." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2005. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000209.
Full textHUNTER, DONALD. "Etude de la localisation du positron dans des alliages de nickel et de cuivre a faible teneur en metal de transition." Paris, ENSAM, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ENAM0007.
Full textStephan, Baptiste. "Etude cinétique et microstructurale de la transformation ordre-désordre dans les alliages Ni2Cr à faible teneur en fer." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1R004/document.
Full textChemical ordering in Ni-Cr alloys modifies their mechanical properties and is a potential issue for their use in pressurized water reactors. In this work, ordering kinetics have been determined by accelerated ageing on model alloys with low iron content. The Ni2Cr ordered phase appearance induces a hardness increase. Furthermore, thermoelectric power measurements have been revealed very sensitive to ordering. The iron content does not affect ordering kinetics at low temperatures (<450 °C), contrary to thermal treatments practiced on the alloys. Our results have been extrapolated to the industrial case, where the iron content is higher: ordering incubation time is estimated at 140 years at 325 °C. The nanometric size of ordered domains together with their small difference in chemical composition with the disordered matrix make their study difficult. We used advance characterizations with transmission electron microscopy to progress in their description. Thanks to the coupling of image analysis with orientation mappings, the surface proportion of ordered domains has been estimated on a control sample. Energy loss chemical maps reveal that the iron is partly segregated around ordered domains. This questions the state of order of the Ni2Cr phase, which is corroborated by quantitative microdiffractions achieved on ordered domains. At the atomic scale, analyzes show that iron substitutes preferentially for chromium in the ordered phase
Huleux, Vincent. "Comparaison des caractéristiques microstructurales et des propriétés en fluage de superalliages monocristallins à base de nickel de différentes générations." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM027.
Full textSingle-crystal nickel-based superalloys have been developed in order to increase the resistance of aeronautic turbine blades to high temperatures and stresses to improve their efficiency. The objective of this study is to increase knowledges about the role of the various alloying elements on microstructural stability and creep properties. Based on these considerations, chemical composition criteria can be established to meet to the next requirements for thermomechanical resistance in service.Five industrialized superalloys with different chemical compositions (from the first to the third generation) were tested: AM1, René N5, CMSX-4, CMSX-4 Plus et CMSX-10K. Temperatures of the creep tests have been chosen to cover the entire range of service temperature of these alloys. A detailed comparison has been performed, based on the microstructural evolutions and the deformation mechanisms occurring during these tests at various temperatures and under various stresses.The study focused on the analysis of the CMSX-4 Plus, a third-generation alloy which has been recently developed, and which shows remarkable high-temperature creep properties.We focused on:- the optimization of the heat treatment parameters for this alloy;- the analysis of the effect of the primary crystal misorientation on its creep resistance at low temperature and high stress;- the analysis of the evolution of γ' precipitates rafting, the formation of the dislocation network as well as the precipitation of TCP phases during creep at high temperature
Almoric, Jean. "Développement d'un nouvel instrument couplant FIB/SEM UHV et OTOF-SIMS à haute résolution spatiale pour la microélectronique et ses applications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0368.
Full textSecondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) is probably the most widely used chemical analysis technique in semiconductor science and metallurgy because of its ultimate sensitivity to all elements, especially the lighter ones. With systems downsizing, high-resolution 3D chemical imaging is becoming a prerequisite for the development of new materials. In this thesis, we report the development and optimization of an innovative SIMS implemented in a scanning electron microscope. The equipment makes it possible to obtain elementary chemical mapping at very high resolution (~25nm). The capacity of the technique is demonstrated with the characterization at the nanometric scale on the one hand of metallic superalloys necessary for the manufacture of aircraft engine parts and on the other hand of chalcogenide alloys used in the latest generation phase change memories developed in microelectronics
Delabrouille, Frédéric. "Caractérisation par MET de fissures de corrosion sous contrainte d'alliages à base de nickel : influence de la teneur en chrome et de la chimie du milieu." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2004. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7400/1/delabrouille1.pdf.
Full textMahloul, Noureddine. "Influence des impuretés soufre et phosphore sur les propriétés des alliages fer-nickel-carbone : conséquences vis-à-vis des mécanismes de fragilisation par l'hydrogène." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ECAP0443.
Full textFinet, Laurane. "Stabilité en composition et en température des phases η et δ dans les superalliages base nickel." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM062.
Full textThe use of polycrystalline nickel base superalloys for turbine discs application is limited to temperatures less than 700 °C because of the loss of the stability of the γ’ and γ’’ phases precipitate distributions at higher temperature. These phases could be partially replaced by other hardening phases known to be potentially stable at temperatures higher than 800 °C, like δ-Ni3Nb, δ-Ni3Ta, η-Ni3Ti or η-Ni3(Al,Nb). However, the crystallographic structure, the composition and the thermodynamic stability of these different phases are not well known. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the composition and temperature stability domains of η and δ phases. Simplified compositions of nickel base superalloys with high Nb and Ta contents (> 4 at. %), inspired from literature data and thermodynamic calculations (Thermo-Calc+TCNI7), were produced by VIM. After homogenization and ageing treatments, the alloys were characterized by SEM and TEM to define the various precipitate morphologies and distributions and to determine the crystallographic structure of the different phases, their composition and their solvus temperature. Synchrotron high energy XRD, with in situ heating, was performed in order to follow the evolution of phase volume fractions in some alloys. First, the influence of the alloy composition on the crystallographic structure and the composition of η and δ phases is studied, and these results allow us to refine the composition criteria for the formation of η and δ phases. And secondly, the effect of the alloy composition on the temperature stability of η and δ phases and their precipitation kinetics are discussed. The experimental results are compared to the thermodynamic calculations and some large inconsistencies are highlighted for alloys with high Nb and Ta contents
Grosdidier, Thierry. "Étude de la transformation de phase gamma/gamma-prime de superalliages monocristallins à base de nickel : influence de sollicitations mécaniques et d'hétérogénites chimiques." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992INPL060N.
Full textLéglise, Mélissa. "Amélioration des propriétés mécaniques et chimiques de superalliages base nickel et base cobalt de fonderie utilisés pour le fibrage du verre fondu à 1000°C - 1100°C." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0228.
Full textThe fiberizing spinners used to produce the glass fibers undergo sizable mechanical, chemical and thermal solicitations. Therefore, this piece is degraded and must be periodically replaced. The purpose of these works is to increase the lifetime of the fiberizing spinners by improving the mechanical and chemical properties of the superalloys that constitute them. More precisely, the objective of this thesis is, in the first time, to improve the alloys used to fiberize at 1000°C, and in a second time, to find a superalloy that can fiberize at 1125°C. These works are focused on two families of superalloys: nickel-based and cobalt-based. The chemical properties are characterized by the thermogravimetry tests and the mechanical properties by 3 points flexural creep tests. For the Ni-based alloy, the influences of unwanted minority elements, Mn and Si, were studied. The mechanical properties of this alloy are subject to improvement tests by the addition titanium, zirconium, tantalum, hafnium and niobium. The aluminium addition was also experimented but with the aim of improving the chemical properties of the alloy. Finally, the studies were also driven on the addition of noble metals (Pd and Ru) and of rare earths (Y, La and Ce). Concerning the cobalt-based superalloys, the study focused on an alloy which has previously shown good general properties to be used at 1125°C and no at 1000°C. The versius with a lowered content in tantalum, without tungsten and without hafnium were studied. To close this work, the increase of nickel and a heat treatment were studied in order to improve the oxidation resistance of this second alloy
Tézenas, du Montcel Henri. "Ingénierie des joints de grains dans les superalliages à base de nickel." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENMP0006/document.
Full textThis work is dedicated to the study of Grain Boundary Engineering in Ni-based superalloys for aircraft turbine disk. The grain boundary engineering has proven its efficiency for the improvement of the fatigue and creep properties of copper and nickel alloys. This improvement is achieved by performing a succession of room temperature deformations interspaced by heat treatments to modify the distribution of the grain boundary network. The aim of the study is to adapt these processes to high temperature forging of superalloys. An experimental study is achieved to highlight the influence of forging parameters on the grain boundary network. The characterization of the grain boundary network is made through the completion of crystallographic orientation mapping by EBSD. An innovative characterization method based on the discretization of orientation maps in a triple junction network is proposed. This method allows to analyze the connectivity in the grain boundary network with the objective of a correlation with mechanical properties
Thébaud, Louis. "Etude des relations entre microstructure et propriétés mécaniques du nouveau superalliage base nickel AD730™." Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ESMA0033/document.
Full textIn view of the turbine entry temperature evolution, the main challenge for metallurgists is to elaborate new alloys able to withstand higher temperatures while keeping great mechanical properties. Therefore, knowing the relationships between microstructural parameters and mechanical properties at high temperatures (700°C and more) is mandatory.The creep and dwell-fatigue durability as well as the damage mechanisms of AD730™, a new nickel base superalloy developed for turbine disks, have been analyzed. Several microstructural parameters were studied (grain boundaries, grain size, size and distribution of γ′ precipitates) as well as experimental parameters (temperature, environment, applied stress or dwell period). By using single crystalline specimens having the same chemical composition of the studied alloy, it has been shown unambiguously that single crystalline microstructures do not necessarily present better creep properties compared to polycristalline ones. This result is supposed to be caused by a grain boundary strengthening mechanism. Moreover, in creep at 700°C, it has been shown that the main viscoplasticity controlling parameters are the size and distribution of γ′ precipitates.An unexpected dwell-fatigue behavior has been observed for long hold times and in a specific applied stress window. This phenomena is attributed to a “Bauschinger type” effect, occurring during unloading phases
Flageolet, Benjamin. "Effet du vieillissement du superalliage base nickel N18 pour disques de turbines sur sa durabilité en fatigue et en fatigue-fluage à 700°C." Poitiers, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005POIT2274.
Full textThe engines that will equip second generation civil supersonic aircrafts will be supposed to have a longer lifetime and a better efficiency than existing ones. As a consequence, turbine disks will be exposed to a high temperature, close to 700 °C for long periods of time. The purpose of this work is to analyse, in these conditions, the microstructural evolution of the disk alloy N18 induced by a prolonged high temperature exposition, and to assess its effect on the material fatigue and creep-fatigue durability at 700 °C. Our experimental approach is based on the characterization of the modifications of the gamma' precipitation, that essentially concerns the finest population (tertiary), but also on different types of high temperature mechanical tests. We propose different approaches to describe the coarsening process undergone by tertiary precipitates during short term ageing, and to illustrate the strong kinetics slow down evidenced for long term ageing experiments. No microstructural effect has been observed on the material's durability when it is tested in fatigue conditions. However, we note a reduced creep-fatigue life after prior high temperature exposure. This lifetime reduction has been analysed through the damaging process and the strong coupled effects existing between creep, fatigue and oxidation
Mrozowski, Nicolas. "Mécanismes de propagation de fissure dans un superalliage base nickel polycristallin en régime d’interaction fatigue-fluage-oxydation-vieillissement métallurgique Aging of γ′ precipitates at 750°C in the nickel-based superalloy AD730TM: a thermally or thermo-mechanically controlled process?" Thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESMA0010.
Full textThe 750°C crack propagation behavior in the polycristalline nickel-base superalloy AD730TM is studied. This study falls within the overall objectives of optimizing the “microstructure – mechanical properties” relations in nickel-base superalloys used for example in turbine disks. The deceleration of the crack propagation with the increase in ΔK value is specifically at the core of the PhD thesis work. Via a crack propagation test campaign, this phenomenon is systematically identified when dwell-fatigue loading are performed. The influence of the thermomechanical history of the material in investigated by varying several experimental parameters such as the initial microstructural state (γ’ precipitates), the initial value of ΔK, the environment or the dwell durations. The origin of the deceleration phenomenon is therefore shown to be linked with combined and protective effects of stress relaxation, oxide growth and metallurgical aging at the crack tip. To improve the understanding of the crack propagation results, complementary analysis of the 750°C γ’ precipitates aging is performed. One of the main outcomes is that aging kinetics (γ’ growth, carbide precipitation) are enhanced thanks to a cyclic loading. Besides, the more the microstructure is aged, the higher the stress relaxation rate at 750°C
Guerre, Catherine. "Etude des mécanismes d'endommagement d'un système barrière thermique déposé sur un superalliage base nickel." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2002. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00936161.
Full textBillot, Thomas. "Comportement et endommagement en fatigue et fatigue - fluage à haute température de différents états microstructuraux du superalliage base-nickel Udimet 720." Phd thesis, Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aéronautique, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00545922.
Full textMsakni, Malouche Mariem. "Usinage par Pulse ElectroChemical Machining (PECM) de superalliages base nickel employés pour des pièces aéronautiques fortement sollicitées thermomécaniquement : compréhension des phénomènes physicochimiques et optimisation du procédé." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0267.
Full textPulse Electro Chemical Machining PECM is an unconventional machining process (with no cutting tools) of complex shapes requiring high precision. This technology is based on the anodic oxidation of the metal and is distinguished by pulsed current synchronized to an oscillation of the cathode with a rectilinear translational movement. The electrolyte is continuously renewed allowing the evacuation of sludge of the dissolved metal. The PECM involves low inter-electrode gap (from 0.01 to 0.2 mm) which ensures high dimensional accuracy. The aim of the thesis is to understand the physico-chemical phenomena related to the anodic dissolution of nickel-based superalloys (René 65 and Inconel 718) in the usual electrolyte NaNO3. Because of the complexity of the microstructure of the studied superalloys, the different phases were synthesized and studied separately. It appears that the insoluble dissolution products formed during anodization are mainly composed of Ni and Nb oxides (for Inconel 718) and Ti and W oxides (for René 65), but also γ '' (Ni3Nb), γ '(Ni3Ti) phases as well as carbides of W, of Nb of Cr. Consequently, the dissolved elements in solution are mainly made of the major elements of the austenitic matrix. In order to ensure a homogeneous dissolution of the different phases, alternative media have been developed, in particular by adding chelating agents. An experimental device for simulating PECM conditions in the laboratory allowed to establish the dissolution efficiency of the alloy as a function of different current densities in usual and alternative environments. Finally, the use of these alternative media was tested on the PECM machine. An experimental design methodology was used for the René 65 to compare the efficiency of the alternative electrolyte with the usual one with optimized operating parameters. These pilot scale tests have been extended to Inconel 718 alloy. It appears that the use of specific electrolyte makes it possible both to reduce the production of metal hydroxide sludge and to limit the formation of anodic surface layers
Seret, Anthony. "Influence de la mise en forme sur les cinétiques de précipitation durcissante dans les superalliages base nickel Inconel® 625 et AD730™." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEM030.
Full textNickel-based superalloys possess exceptional mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at high temperature. These mechanical properties result partly from the hardening precipitation of Ni3Nb γ″ or Ni3(Al, Ti) γ′ phases. The objective of this PhD is to better understand how forming operations of industrial parts may influence this precipitation. Two superalloys have been studied in this PhD : Inconel® 625 alloy formed a room temperature and reinforced by the γ″ phase, and AD730™ alloy hot forged and reinforced by the γ′ phase. Thermal treatments, mechanical and thermomechanical tests have been performedin order to, on the one hand, reproduce the plastic strain levels and/or the grain structure obtained at the end of industrial forming operations, and on the other hand to trigger the precipitation or the evolution of already existing precipitates. The microstructures have then been quantitatively characterizedby scanning electron microscopy regarding the grains structure, the dislocationsorganization and the precipitation state.In the Inconel® 625 alloy, the nucleation of γ″ precipitates during a thermal treatment at 650 °C is not influenced by a strain applied before, supporting the relevancy of the 650 °C temperature to bring an homogeneous hardening to industrial parts. In the AD730™ alloy, the γ′ precipitation during a cooling after a hot compression takes place sooner in unrecrystallized grains than in recrystallized grains, by elastic relaxation when nucleating. Concomitantly, the recrystallization front dissolves these γ′ precipitates present in unrecrystallized grains to avoid any incoherent γ/γ′ interface. Then γ′ precipitates reprecipitate on the recrystallization front with a coherent γ/γ′ interface in recrystallized grains, and can afterwards subdivide to reduce the global elastic energy. This PhD includes the development of specific tools : reduction of the measurement noise of EBSD maps for a more accurate assessmentof geometrically necessary dislocations densities, image analysis and precipitation model
Kepa, Thomas. "Synthèse de revêtements d’aluminures modifiés sur superalliages à base nickel et comportement aux hautes températures." Electronic Thesis or Diss., La Rochelle, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LAROS010.
Full textAluminide-based coatings (β-NiAl) are well known to impart better corrosion and/or oxidation resistance to metallic materials used at very high temperatures especially on nickel-based superalloys. Alternatives to gaseous processes (SVPA, for example) are being investigated to save time and reduce costs. In this sense, the synthesis of diffusion coatings of the β-NiAl type by slurry at reduced times is proposed in this PhD thesis. The coatings result in high activity type microstructures on two single-crystal nickel-based superalloys, AM1 and René N5.The different considered coatings correspond to β-NiAl, β-(Ni, Pt)Al (including Pt pre-deposition) and β-NiAl doped with a reactive element, for which several methods of incorporating the reactive element have been considered. Subsequently, some coatings were selected to be studied under isothermal and/or cyclic oxidation conditions at 1100°C for times up to 1000 hours. The reduction in the coating time of these simple β-NiAl coatings to less than 6 hours and in an Ar or air atmosphere does not change their oxidation behaviour at high temperatures since parabolic regimes are still observed. For the β-(Ni, Pt)Al coatings, the amount of slurry deposited must be reduced (compared to β-NiAl) to avoid the formation of the brittle PtAl2 phase. The first tests in cyclic oxidation showed significant mass losses, whose origins remain to be clarified. The improvement against spallation has been studied through the incorporation of CeO2 following three different ways: by mixing powders; by dispersing CeO2 particles in an electroless nickel pre-deposit, by adding cerium nitrate to the slurry. Only the last two methods provided homogeneous and reproducible coatings that were studied in oxidation. The results showed that the addition of an electroless nickel deposit (with or without CeO2) prior to aluminization generated an interface susceptible to reduce the oxidation performance of the coatings. Nevertheless, specific additions of CeO2 to the nickel pre-deposit led to a better oxidation behaviour than the one observed with no CeO2 doping. An original synthesis method consisting in adding cerium nitrate to the slurry was also applied. It was demonstrated that the reactive element was indeed well incorporated into the coating. The optimal content still must be studied to avoid over-doping phenomena. Finally, a preliminary study of electrochemical stripping of slurry coatings, followed by re-aluminization for repair purposes, has been conducted
Racine-Kirsch, Anne. "Instabilité chimique et morphologique des précipités gamma-prime lors d'essais de fluage de superalliages monocristallins à base nickel." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL125N.
Full textMithieux, Jean-Denis. "Influence de la teneur en chrome et de la structure des alliages de nickel sur leur comportement en corrosion sous contrainte en milieu primaire des réacteurs à eau pressurisée." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0146.
Full textDoghri, Anis. "Vers une maîtrise de la réparation par le procédé CLAD de pièces aéronautiques en Inconel 738 LC : compréhension des mécanismes de fissuration et modélisations associées." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0112/document.
Full textY' hardened nickel-based superalloys, such as Inconel 738 LC (IN738LC), are materials which are extensively used in hot sections parts of helicopter and aircraft engines. Those materials exhibit enhanced mechanical properties at high temperature. Nevertheless, cracking and several defects can occur on these parts during casting or during their service life. However, welding type repairing processes can lead to considerable cracking of IN738LC superalloy. It appears that laser cladding is a promising additive manufacturing technology which allows the repair of damaged parts. The present work main objective is aimed at investigating Inconel 738 LC repair by laser cladding. Both experimental and numerical aspects are studied for the repair of IN738LC by means of the CLAD process. Experimental laser clad deposits are produced under several configurations following industrial cases. Two distinct cracking mechanisms are identified in the heat-affected zone and within the deposit, respectively. A multi-physics simulation of laser cladding is developed in order to take into account thermal, mechanical and metallurgical phenomena. Simulation is compared to experimental measurements for validation. Finally, these numerical tools are used to define cracking risk criteria. In summary, a high preheating of the samples allows to suppress liquation and HAZ cracking, but also to obtain un-cracked deposit, which indicates that the repair of non-weldable alloys is possible
Nicolas, André. "Etude de l'Evolution Physico-Chimique du Substrat lors de l'Oxydation à Haute Température des Alliages Modèle Ni-Cr à Faible Teneur en Chrome et de l'Alliage Modèle Ni-16Cr-9Fe." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00848591.
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