Academic literature on the topic 'Alginate capsule'
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Journal articles on the topic "Alginate capsule"
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Pitaloka, Gina Gustiani, and Ai Komariah. "Respon Pertumbuhan dan Daya Tahan Hidup Setek Mikro Krisan." Paspalum: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 1, no. 2 (April 24, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35138/paspalum.v1i2.81.
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The objectives of this experiment was to study the interaction between NAA and alginate concentrations on growth and shelf life of Chrysanthemum morifolium Rahmat Syn. Micro cutting in capsule. Design of this experiment used Randomized Block Design with two factors and two replication. The first factor wa concentration of NAA consisted of three levels (0.00 ppm, 0.10 ppm, and 0,15 ppm) and the second factor was concentration of alginate consisted of four levels (1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3.0%).the result of experiment showed that interaction among concentration of NAA and alginate on capsule texture, plant weight, leaves number, leaves weight, and shelf life of plant in capsule. There was no interaction between concentration of NAA and alginate on percentage of green capsules, percentage of micro cutting shoot growth, and percentage of capability of shoot growth break through capsule. Optimum concentration for plant weight was 0.1281 ppm NAA and 2.4671% alginate, with maximum weight was 0.0145 grams. Optimum concentration for shelf life of micro cutting in capsule was 0.1191 ppm NAA and 2.8071% alginate, with maximum shelf life was 5.9541 days.
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Kulseng, Bård, Beate Thu, Terje Espevik, and Gudmund Skjåk-Bræk. "Alginate Polylysine Microcapsules as Immune Barrier: Permeability of Cytokines and Immunoglobulins over the Capsule Membrane." Cell Transplantation 6, no. 4 (July 1997): 387–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096368979700600405.
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Transplantation of pancreatic islets in alginate polylysine microcapsules is a potential useful method for treating type I diabetes. In this study, the permeability for alginate-polylysine microcapsules to cytokines an immunoglobulines has been investigated by a newly developed method. Magnetic monodisperse polymer particles (Dynabeads) coated with antibodies against selected proteins were encapsulated in 0.7 mm alginate polylysine microcapsules. The capsule membrane permeability to IgG (150 kDa). Transferrin (81 kDa), Tumor necrosis factor (TNF, 51 kDa), Interleukin-1β (IL-1β, 17.5 kDa), and insulin (5.8 kDa) was estimated by measuring the binding of 125I-labeled proteins to the encapsulated antibody coated Dynabeads. Capsules with an inhomogeneous solid gel core were made of alginates with high guluronic or high mannuronic acid content and poly-l (PLL)- or poly-d-lysine (PDL) of concentrations varied from 0.05-0.2%. The various capsules examined were all impermeable to IgG. The capsules made with a PLL-, but not PDL-membranes were permeable for transferrin. IL-1β was found to penetrate all of the different capsule types. The high-G capsules, however, could be made impermeable to TNF and still allowed transferrin to pass. The permeability of these capsules to IL-1β, but not to TNF was confirmed in an assay where mouse islets of Langerhans were incubated with TNF and IL-1β, and comparing the IL-6 for encapsulated and non-encapsulated islets.
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Vigo, Daniele, Massimo Faustini, Maria Luisa Torre, Alessandro Pecile, Simona Villani, Annalia Asti, Roberta Norberti, et al. "Boar semen controlled-delivery system: morphological investigation and in vitro fertilization test." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 14, no. 5 (2002): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd02004.
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A technology for encapsulation of swine semen in barium alginate and protamine alginate has recently been proposed for the controlled release of the spermatozoa, thus reducing the number of instrumental inseminations required. Controlled-release capsules containing swine spermatozoa were prepared by adding saturated BaCl2 solution to ejaculate and dropping the resulting suspension into a sodium alginate solution, leading to the formation of barium alginate capsules. A second type of capsule was obtained by cross-linking the barium alginate with protamine sulfate. Two types of membrane were thus obtained: barium alginate gel and a protamine cross-linked alginate membrane. Morphological (scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy), functional (motility, membrane integrity and in vitro fertilization test) and technological (capsule structure and weight) approaches were used to characterize the encapsulated spermatozoa and the controlled-delivery system. No differences in terms of morphological and functional characteristics (acrosome integrity and spermatozoa motility) between free and encapsulated semen were found. The technological process did not compromise in vitro fertilization potency of the spermatazoa, although seasonal variability was found. The capsule weight was related to either the pH of the semen or the season. This study represents the starting point for the development of further investigations into the storage and release kinetics of cells from the capsules and for the development of an in vivo fertilization protocol.
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Xu, Shi, Amir Tabaković, Xueyan Liu, Damian Palin, and Erik Schlangen. "Optimization of the Calcium Alginate Capsules for Self-Healing Asphalt." Applied Sciences 9, no. 3 (January 30, 2019): 468. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9030468.
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It has been demonstrated that calcium alginate capsules can be used as an asphalt healing system by pre-placing rejuvenator (healing agent) into the asphalt mix and releasing the rejuvenator on demand (upon cracking). This healing mechanism relies on the properties of capsules which are determined by the capsule preparation process. In this study, to optimize the calcium alginate capsules, capsules are prepared using varying Alginate/Rejuvenator (A/R) ratios. Light microscope microscopy and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscope (ESEM) are employed to characterize the morphology and microstructure of these capsules. Thermal stability and mechanical property are investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and compressive tests. The testing results indicate that higher alginate content results in smaller diameter and lower thermal resistance, but higher compressive strength. The optimum A/R ratio of calcium alginate capsules is found to be 30/70. To prove the effectiveness of the optimized capsules, the capsules are embedded in asphalt mortar beams and a bending and healing program is carried out. The effect of capsule shell material on the mechanical response of asphalt mixture is evaluated through three-point bending on the mortar beams embedded with blank capsules (without the healing agent). Aged mortar beams containing alginate capsules encapsulating rejuvenator demonstrate a higher strength recovery after bending tests, which indicates effective healing due to the release of the rejuvenators from the capsules.
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Lee, Boon-Beng, Rohaida Ibrahim, Sue-Yin Chu, Nurul Ainina Zulkifli, and Pogaku Ravindra. "Alginate liquid core capsule formation using the simple extrusion dripping method." Journal of Polymer Engineering 35, no. 4 (May 1, 2015): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2014-0174.
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Abstract Liquid core capsules have been widely used in various biotechnological applications. The capsules could be formed by the simple extrusion dripping method. However, the method requires strict control of several process variables in order to form spherical capsules. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the influence of process variables of the method on the capsule size and shape. The results showed that the capsules diameter was decreased when the concentration of alginate solution was increased. The capsule diameter was increased when the gelation time and dripping tip diameter were increased. The membrane thickness of the capsules was significantly increased by the concentration of calcium chloride, gelation time and dripping tip diameter. However, the concentration of alginate gave the opposite trend on the membrane thickness of the capsules. As a recommendation, uniform and spherical alginate liquid core capsules could be formed when concentration of calcium chloride was >10 g/l, the concentration of alginate solution was >5 g/l and <20 g/l, gelation solution height in between 1.7 cm and 3.2 cm, and stirring rate of the gelation bath was in the range of 400–500 rpm.
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Liu, Xing, Jun-Li Huo, Ting-Ting Li, Hao-Kai Peng, Jia-Horng Lin, and Ching-Wen Lou. "Investigation of the Shear Thickening Fluid Encapsulation in an Orifice Coagulation Bath." Polymers 11, no. 3 (March 19, 2019): 519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030519.
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The orifice coagulation bath method is proposed to encapsulate shear thickening fluid (STF) to form STF capsules, in an attempt to improve the combination of STF and the matrix as well as strengthen the flexibility and stability of the STF composites. By varying the calcium chloride concentration (10, 20 mg/ml), sodium alginate concentration (5, 7, 10 mg/ml) and the surfactant dosage (10%, 20%, 30%), optimal preparation conditions were studied, considering the capsule strength and encapsulation rate. The capsules were also characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). The results show that the optimal solution for the preparation of the capsules is composed of 30% surfactant, 10 mg/ml mass concentration of CaCl2, and 10 mg/ml mass concentration of sodium alginate. The rough surface and porous interior was observed by SEM. The average diameter of the capsules was 1.93 mm. The TGA curves indicate an improvement on the capsule thermal stability. This study thus provides a promising STF capsule preparation method.
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Winkelmann, Traud, Lara Meyer, and Margrethe Serek. "Germination of Encapsulated Somatic Embryos of Cyclamen persicum." HortScience 39, no. 5 (August 2004): 1093–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.5.1093.
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Somatic embryos of cyclamen [Cyclamen persicum Mill.] were produced using a liquid culture system. Two encapsulation techniques, conventional alginate beads and alginate hollow beads, were tested for globular cyclamen somatic embryos with the aim of developing synthetic seeds. Final germination from alginate beads was as high as observed for non encapsulated control embryos (97%), but germination was delayed. In contrast, germination from hollow beads was lower (71%) and occurred later. In hollow beads somatic embryos developed within the capsule, and outgrowth seemed to be more difficult than from alginate. Storage at 4 °C for four weeks resulted in a reduction of viability for controls as well as for encapsulated embryos. Incorporation of medium into the capsules improved the speed of germination for both capsule types. However, somatic embryos were not able to germinate on a medium-free support, even if encapsulated in beads containing medium.
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Sabra, W., A. P. Zeng, H. L�nsdorf, and W. D. Deckwer. "Effect of Oxygen on Formation and Structure ofAzotobacter vinelandii Alginate and Its Role in Protecting Nitrogenase." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 9 (September 1, 2000): 4037–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.9.4037-4044.2000.
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ABSTRACT The activity of nitrogenase in the nitrogen-fixing bacteriumAzotobacter vinelandii grown diazotrophically under aerobic conditions is generally considered to be protected against O2 by a high respiration rate. In this work, we have shown that a high rate of respiration is not the prevailing mechanism for nitrogenase protection in A. vinelandii grown in phosphate-limited nitrogen-free chemostat culture. Instead, the formation of alginate appeared to play a decisive role in protecting the nitrogenase that is required for cell growth in this culture. Depending on the O2 tension and cell growth rate, the formation rate and composition of alginate released into the culture broth varied significantly. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopic analysis of cell morphology and the cell surface revealed the existence of an alginate capsule on the surface of A. vinelandii. The composition, thickness, and compactness of this alginate capsule also varied significantly. In general, increasing O2 tension led to the formation of alginate with a higher molecular weight and a greater l-guluronic acid content. The alginate capsule was accordingly thicker and more compact. In addition, the formation of the alginate capsule was found to be strongly affected by the shear rate in a bioreactor. Based on these experimental results, it is suggested that the production of alginate, especially the formation of an alginate capsule on the cell surface, forms an effective barrier for O2 transfer into the cell. It is obviously the quality, not the quantity, of alginate that is decisive for the protection of nitrogenase.
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SHIOYA, Toshiaki, Yasushige SAGARA, Toshiaki KIMURA, and Shinichi ANEYA. "Physical properties of alginate capsule." NIPPON SHOKUHIN KOGYO GAKKAISHI 36, no. 8 (1989): 631–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3136/nskkk1962.36.8_631.
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Choi, Jeongyeon, So Young Chun, Tae Gyun Kwon, and Jeong Ok Lim. "Preparation of an Oxygen-Releasing Capsule for Large-Sized Tissue Regeneration." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23 (November 25, 2020): 8399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10238399.
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Sufficient oxygenation for prevention of cellular damage remains a critical barrier to successful tissue engineering, especially in the construction of a large-sized tissue despite numerous attempts to resolve this issue in recent years. There have been a number of hypothetical solutions to this problem, including the use of artificial oxygen carriers, induction of vascularization, and fabrication of oxygen-generating biomaterials. All of these efforts have improved the efficiency of oxygen supply, but none have been able to support the large tissue mass required for clinical application. Necrosis, which often occurs during hypoxic stress, is one of the most significant limitations in large-sized tissue regeneration. In this study, we developed an oxygen producing capsule using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), PLGA (poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) and alginate, and also evaluated the capsule as a model of a large-sized tissue. Firstly, H2O2 was microencapsulated by PLGA, and subsequently the H2O2-PLGA microspheres were embedded into a catalase-immobilized alginate capsule of 5.0 mm in diameter. The alginate capsules of a fairly large size were characterized for their oxygenation capability to cells embedded such as human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by HIF-1α and VEGF expression. The results of this study confirmed that in the oxygen-releasing capsule composed of H2O2 polymeric microspheres and catalase-bound alginate, HUVEC cells successfully survived in the hypoxic state. These results demonstrated that our oxygen producing system containing H2O2-PLGA microspheres could be a useful oxygenating biomaterial for engineering large-sized tissue.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alginate capsule"
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Gryshkov, O. P., M. Y. Tymkovych, О. Г. Аврунін, and B. Glasmacher. "Experience of development and use of specialized software intended for automated analysis of alginate structures." Thesis, ХНУРЕ, 2019. http://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/8374.
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The work is devoted to the problem of three-dimensional reconstruction of alginate capsules and their subsequent analysis. The results of the software are shown and the main stages of its work are described. They include such image processing operations as filtering, segmentation, morphological operations, classification, construction of Hough space with the subsequent analysis stage.
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Freudenberger, Catanzaro Kelly C. "Surface Polysaccharides of Francisella tularensis: Further Characterization, Role in Virulence, and Application to Novel Vaccine Strategies." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96004.
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Francisella tularensis is a Gram-negative, zoonotic bacterium that causes tularemia in animals and humans. The two subspecies tularensis (Type A) and holarctica (Type B) are considered Tier I Select Agents due to the bioweapon potential of these subspecies. Type A strains, considered the more virulent of the subspecies, are highly infective producing respiratory tularemia with inhalation of as few as 10 cells. Due to classification as a Select Agent, a vast amount of F. tularensis research has occurred in the last two decades after the September 11th terrorism attack and the use of Bacillus anthracis spores in a biological attack on the United States Postal Services in 2001. This research has uncovered many of the various virulence factors of F. tularensis including an intracellular nature, the unique lipopolysaccharide produced, and a genetic pathogenicity island. This dissertation aims to further characterize outer surface antigens of F. tularensis subspecies in regards to virulence, biofilm formation, and role in vaccine development. In addition, this dissertation will also investigate the use of a novel vaccine delivery vehicle, alginate microencapsulation, in increasing the efficacy of these mutant strains.
F. novicida is a subspecies of F. tularensis and usually classified as being non-encapsulated. However, F. novicida has a similar capsule glycosylation locus as F. tularensis and could produce a similar capsule-like complex that has previously been described for the F. tularensis LVS strain. I was able to isolate and characterize this CLC of F. novicida, which contained a heterogenous mixture of proteins and possible glycosylated proteins. A mutant with a multi-gene interruption within the glycosylation locus (F. novicidaΔ1212-1218) produced significantly less carbohydrate than the parent strain, was attenuated in the mouse model, and was partially protective when used to immunize mice against a virulent challenge. Biofilms of F. novicida were also characterized in regards to biofilm formation in various growth media and biofilm formation of strains lacking the O-antigen of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In general, F. novicida produced the greatest amount of biofilm in a brain heart infusion (BHI) broth, compared to other media. Loss of the O-antigen led to increased biofilm production when grown in BHI and decreased or similar biofilm production as the wildtype when grown in other media. This highlights the need to carefully select the growth medium when assessing biofilm formation of Francisella strains in the future.
A final study of this dissertation characterized the use of alginate microspheres as a vaccine vehicle for an attenuated F. tularensis type A O-antigen deficient strain. O-antigen deficient strains of F. tularensis are highly attenuated in vivo and would be a safe choice for a vaccine candidate. However, these strains produce less than ideal protection against virulent challenge when used to immunize mice, possibly due to a lack of persistence in the host. In an attempt to increase persistence, we encapsulated an O-antigen deficient strain within sodium alginate microspheres and used those microspheres to immunize mice. The immunized mice produced a higher level of antibody response than mice immunized with a non-encapsulated version. However, this immunization only partially protected mice from a virulent challenge and did not match the protection afforded by the former Live Vaccine Strain (LVS). In part the deficiency in protection appears to be due to a lack of a robust cellular immune response in mice immunized with the alginate microspheres.
In summary, this dissertation focuses on the various extracellular polysaccharides of F. tularensis: the glycosylation of CLC, the O-antigen, and the biofilm. Each polysaccharide plays a role in the virulence and pathogenesis of F. tularensis. Glycosylation of the CLC and the O-antigen are important virulence factors in mammalian disease, and mutants lacking either (not type A strains) are attenuated in the mouse model. Both also appear to play a role in the formation of the F. tularensis biofilm in a manner dependent on the environment or culture medium used. Each of these extracellular polysaccharides contribute to the lifecycle of Francisella.Ph.D.
Francisella tularensis is a highly infectious bacterial pathogen that can cause disease in a wide array of animals and in humans. F. tularensis is also considered a potential weapon of bioterrorism and the development of an effective vaccine is a critical area of research. One strategy of developing a tularemia vaccine includes mutating a strain of F. tularensis to reduce expression of extracellular components that include polysaccharides. Strains that cannot express these components are usually unable to produce clinical signs in the host and may provide protection against fully virulent F. tularensis strains. The work presented in this dissertation will focus on characterizing the polysaccharide extracellular components of F. tularensis and developing a novel vaccine vehicle to increase protection from strains that do not cause disease.
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Ørning, Mathias Pontus Andreas. "Alginate Microcapsules for Cell Therapy : Effect of capsule composition on complement activation, cytokine secretion, and protein adsorption in a whole blood model." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for bioteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-19364.
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Encapsulation of pancreatic islets in alginate microbeads and microcapsules show great promise for the treatment of Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Significant progress has been made in developing a biocompatible capsule that allows sufficient exchange of nutrients and products with the encapsulated cells, while at the same time maintaining a barrier to immune cells and preventing rejection of the transplanted cells. However, a truly biocompatible capsule has, as yet, not been developed, and implanted capsules often trigger low levels of inflammation leading to fibrosis, diminished insulin secretion, and sometimes death of the encapsulated cells. A lepirudin-based human whole blood model was used to demonstrate the inflammatory potential of a set of different alginate microcapsules and microbeads. This was performed to elucidate the effect of different capsule and bead parameters, such as the effect of a hollow versus solid inner core, polycation type, polycation concentration, alginate type, and capsule and bead diameter. Complement activation after incubation of capsules in whole blood was measured as sTCC generation. In addition, the secretion of chemokines, inflammatory cytokines, antiinflammatory cytokines, and growth factors was analyzed by ELISA and Bio-plex. Leukocyte activation as measured by CD11b expression was detected using flow cytometry. Finally, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) was used in order to screen for a set of plasma proteins and observe what proteins adsorbed to the capsule surface. TAM alginate microbeads did not trigger complement activation, secretion of cytokines, or up-regulation of CD11b expression, and thus appeared to have a minimal inflammatory potential. In addition, the protein adsorption assay showed no apparent protein surface deposition on the microbeads after 6 hours of incubation in plasma of the proteins screened for (complement protein C3, complement regulatory proteins factor H, factor I, C1 inhibitor, and vitronectin, as well as coagulation cascade proteins fibrinogen, plasminogen, and HMWK). Solid alginate APA microcapsules containing poly-L-lysine (PLL), on the other hand, showed an increase in complement component sTCC levels, in chemokine levels (IL-8, MCP-1, and MIP- 1α), in inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNFα), in anti-inflammatory cytokine levels (IL-1RA and IL-10), and in growth factors levels (PDGF, HGF, and VEGF), as well as a decrease in cytokine IP-10 levels. In addition, the capsules also stimulated leukocyte activation by up-regulating the expression of CD11b. The solid APA micrcapsules showed heavy C3 adsorption, coupled with vitronectin and factor H surface deposition, indicating increased complement activity on these capsules. Hollow APA microcapsules with PLL triggered a rapid and strong sTCC response, as well as significantly increased secretion of the chemokine MCP-1. At the same time, a significant decrease in secretion of chemokines (IL-8 and MIP-1α) and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNFα), as well as a decrease in secretion of growth factor VEGF, and cytokine MIF, and an increase in cytokine IP-10 was observed. All these cytokine levels except the chemokine MCP- 1 and the complement complex sTCC suggested reduced inflammatory potential for hollow APA capsules. It was proposed that these capsules adsorbed the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, thus preventing the complement mediated activation of leukocytes. No increased surface adsorption of C3 was detected on hollow APA capsules compared to solid APA capsules. Conversely, the C3 adsorption was higher on solid APA capsules, thereby not reflecting the increased sTCC generation seen for hollow APA capsules. One explanation for this might be that the hollow capsules secreted some soluble molecule capable of triggering sTCC generation. No apparent change in inflammatory potential could be observed by exchanging the polycation PLL with PLO (poly-L-ornithine), except for abolishing the strong sTCC response observed for hollow APA capsules with PLL as well as lowering the MCP-1 response. It was suggested that this observation could be the result of PLO reducing the permeability of the capsules, thus preventing the diffusion of the hypothesized soluble trigger of sTCC. Increased sTCC was detected with increasing PLL concentration in High G alginate APA capsules. The same could not be observed for High M alginate capsules, however, the chemokine IL-8 and the inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα increased with increasing PLL concentration, suggesting increased inflammation with increasing PLL concentration. No change in inflammatory potential could be detected with varying alginate microbead diameter. Nor could any change in inflammatory potential be observed by the addition of HEPES in the gelling solution. TAM alginate microbeads appear to have the lowest inflammatory potential of the capsules tested, and are therefore the most suited for in vivo application from an inflammatory aspect, as demonstrated by the whole blood assay. A recent study in Type 1 diabetes patients however showed increased fibrosis when encapsulating human islet cells in barium alginate microbeads [61]. Further studies where incubation of TAM microbeads with isolated monocytes are co-cultured with fibroblasts could further elucidate the mechanisms of fibrosis on the microbeads. In addition, continued screening of protein adsorption on the bead surface should be performed.
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Hadjialirezaei, Soosan. "Coating of alginate capsules." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for bioteknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-22908.
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Alginate is a popular candidate for encapsulation of cells due to the formation of gels with divalent ions under physiological conditions. Stable alginate gels can be formed by the selection of alginates with a high content of guluronic acid (G) and gelling in a mixture of calcium and barium. These alginate gels have been proposed as immune protective barriers for the transplantation of human pancreatic islets (insulin producing cells) for the treatment of type 1 diabetes where the alginate gel protects the transplant from the host immune system. Microencapsulation can thus provide a way to overcome the need for immunosuppressive drugs. Although showing promising results in animal models, there are potential limitations of the Ca2+/Ba2+-beads concerning growth of host cells on the surface of capsules in primate models. Development of coating strategies for alginate based capsules could thus be beneficial for reducing the attachment of host cells. Alginate microbeads/capsules were formed by electrostatic bead generator producing beads of 400µm. Afterward, the alginate beads were coated by fluoresceinamine labeled alginate that was visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and quantified by fluorescent spectroscopy. The binding of coating alginate to alginate-poly-L-lysine (PLL) capsules was also studied.In this project, in the optimalisation of coating of alginate beads some parameters were studies such as concentration of coating alginate, different gelling ions both for core and coating alginate, exposure time for gelling solution for fixation of coating layer and different washing solution.The long-term stability of coating layer of coated alginate beads was determined by measuring the fluorescent intensity of fluorescently labeled of coating alginate during a period of forty nine days. A stability study of alginate-alginate capsules revealed that Ca2+/Ba2+ alginate coated with high-G alginate and washed with saline and used Ca2+ and Ba2+ with ratio 50:1 for fixation of coating layer were more stable coating than other capsules. The alginate beads coated with high-M or epimerized alginate were produced. It shows higher intensity of coating layer in both capsules coated with high-M or epimerized alginate than alginate beads coated with high-G alginate. In continue of the study, the alginate-PLL capsules were coated with high-G, high-M, and epimerized and sulfated alginate. Alginate-PLL capsules coated with high-G, high-M and epimerized alginate shows no detective signal by confocal images and sulfated alginate coating shows some signal of coating. The stability of coating for alginate-PLL-alginate capsules and alginate beads coated with epimerized or high-M alginate revealed that both kind of coating have high-stability over one week screening.Three dimensional images of capsules, in confocal microscope, both epimerized and high-M coating alginates cover whole of capsules. However, in 3D images we have seen some fragment of coating gelling in the surround solution and attached to the capsules which can make disturbance in spectroscopy measurement. 3D images of alginate-PLL capsules coated with sulfated alginate show evenly distribution of coating.
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Rokstad, Anne Mari Aukan. "Alginate capsules as bioreactors for cell therapy." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1535.
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Souza, Jaqueline Brandão. "Células tronco mesenquimais de muares inclusas em microcápsulas de hidrogel de alginato." Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183684.
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Orientador: Ana Liz Garcia AlvesResumo: As terapias regenerativas com a utilização de células tronco mesenquimais (CTMs) têm sido amplamente empregadas com a finalidade de modificar a progressão de enfermidades locomotoras em animais de grande porte. Estudos sobre o comportamento das células tronco, portanto, mostram-se de extrema importância para que, cada vez mais, elucidar sua ação, efeito e eficácia nos tratamentos propostos. A inserção das CTMs derivadas do tecido adiposo de muares em microcápsulas de hidrogel gera expectativas promissoras para a proteção da célula contra anticorpos do receptor, bem como processos inflamatórios exacerbados, distribuição de agentes terapêuticos e supressão de processos inflamatórios. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo verificar o comportamento das CTMs após o encapsulamento em hidrogel, quanto a sua viabilidade, migração, além da avaliação morfológica e imuno-histoquímica. Avaliação da morfologia da cápsula, dos poros, a rugosidade por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e observação das células encapsuladas pela microscopia confocal de varredura a laser. A porcentagem de células viáveis manteve-se ao longo dos momentos em uma média de 93%, então o biomaterial permitiu a difusão de nutrientes e oxigênio adequadamente. A diminuição da quantidade de células no interior das cápsulas é justificada pela possível migração das mesmas através dos microporos das microcápsulas permitindo a aderência à placa de cultivo. Na avaliação morfológica foi possível identificar as células... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Regenerative therapies using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely widespread to treat locomotor diseases in large animals. Studies on the behavior of stem cells are extremely important to increase our knowledge regarding their action, effect and effectiveness in the proposed treatments. The insertion of muar adipose-derived MSCs into hydrogel microcapsules yields promising expectations for cell protection against immune response, as well as exacerbated inflammatory processes, delivery of therapeutic agents, and suppression of inflammatory processes. The present research aimed to verify the behavior of MSCs after hydrogel encapsulation, including cell viability, migration, morphological and immunohistochemical pattern. Evaluation of capsule morphology, pore size, roughness by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and observation of encapsulated cells by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The percentage of viable cells remained throughout the moments at an average of 93%, so the biomaterial allowed the diffusion of nutrients and oxygen properly. A decreased amount of cells number inside the capsules is justified by the possible migration of them through the microcapsule micropores allowing adherence to the culture plate. The cells showed positive CD44 staining, absence in MHC II. The capsules were evaluated with SEM for their morphology, the area of circular and irregular pores and the size of the cells. It was possible to confirm the presence of stem cells in the micro... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Haener, Edgar. "Microfluidic segregation of capsules." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/microfluidic-segregation-of-capsules(a7e001f1-536c-475d-83d5-82aaa4098f5b).html.
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This thesis investigates the transport and sorting of capsules (elastic membranes enclosing a liquid core) using viscous flow in complex vessel geometries. Of particular interest is passive sorting by deformability using only the fluid-structure interaction between the capsule, the viscous fluid and the geometry of the vessel. Millimetric alginate-ovalbumin capsules in the regime of negligible fluid inertia are used in this work. In order to characterise the elastic properties of the capsules, a novel numerical finite element model of the compression of a thick-shelled capsule between parallel plates is implemented. The constitutive model of the capsule membranes was determined by comparison to experimental data: a Yeoh constitutive model with the ratio of constants $C_1 = 1$, $C_2 = 0$ and $C_3 = 10$ describes the capsules used. Three geometries are investigated in this work. (i) A T-Junction bifurcation. Capsule deformation in the T-Junction bifurcation is characterised by the maximal length of the capsule $L_{max}$ and depends on the ratio of viscous to elastic forces, the capillary number $Ca$. The maximal length, $L_{max}$, is especially sensitive at distinguishing soft capsules by their deformability. The sensitivity of $L_{max}$ to capsule compliance and the large deformations that can be achieved makes the T-junction a promising geometry in which to measure elastic properties of the capsules. The rate of relaxation of the capsules after the bifurcation is independent of their deformation. (ii) A half-cylinder obstacle in a channel followed by a sudden expansion. We show that the half-cylinder obstacle causes capsule trajectories to vary depending on deformability. Capsules with a factor of three difference in deformability can be separated. A practical feature of the system is its relative insensitivity to the initial lateral position of the capsules in the channel. However, while the results are reproducible across different capsules, the variations in final position amount to 10 \% at fixed parameters. As these experiments were conducted with the same capsule under identical flow conditions, this is likely to represent the best case scenario. (iii) We adapt the pinched flow fractionation (PFF) geometry to the sorting of capsules. We show that the standard PFF device cannot be used to sort capsules. However, a novel mode of operation, termed the ``T-Junction'' mode, shows great promise for the sorting of capsules. The PFF device in the T-Junction mode separates capsules with a factor of 1.5 difference in deformability. This is twice as sensitive as the half-cylinder device, although larger variability was observed in the PFF device.
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Ben, Azzouz Seifeddine. "Libération contrôlée d'un neuroleptique par voie orale en utilisant des capsules hybrides PLGA-PEG / Alginate/." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC116.
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Actuellement les traitements thérapeutiques pour soigner la schizophrénie, par voie intraveineuse ou orale, ne sont qu’en partie efficaces et associés généralement à des effets extrapyramidaux souvent dangereux et très gênants pour les patients. Afin d’augmenter l’efficacité du traitement toute en neutralisant les effets indésirables, ce travail a eu comme objectif de concevoir des capsules composites (PLGA-PEG / alginate) destinées à être administrées par voie orale et capables de libérer localement, de façon spécifique et contrôlée, le neuroleptique halopéridol dans le cerveau. L’optimisation du protocole de synthèse a permis d’obtenir de façon reproductible des nanocapsules de PLGA poreuses monodisperses et peu agrégées, possédant un diamètre hydrodynamique moyen inférieur à 80 nm et une bonne stabilité en solution aqueuse. Une fois fonctionnalisées avec le Poly (éthylène glycol) diamine, des études in vitro ont montré la faible toxicité de ces nanoparticules furtives ainsi que leur capacité à encapsuler une quantité satisfaisante d’halopéridol et de libérer ce principe actif sur une durée d’un mois avec un faible effet « burst ». L’incorporation des nanoparticules pégylées dans des matrices préparées à haute concentration d’alginate et de 100 % CaCl2 a permis d’obtenir des billes nanocomposites possédants une meilleure stabilité à la sortie du milieu gastrique simulé et persistent environ 30 minutes en milieu intestinal simulé. Enfin des études in vivo préliminaires sur des souris adultes utilisant des nanoparticules injectées et des billes nanocomposites ingérées ont démontré l’efficacité de ces systèmes à délivrer l’halopéridol au cerveauCurrently therapeutic treatments for schizophrenia, intravenously or orally, are only partially effective and generally associated with extrapyramidal effects often dangerous and very troublesome for patients. In order, to increase the treatment efficiency by neutralizing any side effects the aim of this work was to design composite capsules (PLGA-PEG / alginate) intended to be administered by way oral and able to release locally, in a specific and controlled way, the neuroleptic “haloperidol” in the brain. The optimization of the protocol of synthesis allowed to obtain in a reproducible way of the nanocapsules of monodisperse and not very aggregate porous PLGA, having an average hydrodynamic diameter lower than 80 Nm and a good stability in aqueous solution. Once functionalized with Poly (ethylene glycol) diamine, in vitro studies showed the low toxicity of these furtive nanoparticles as well as their ability to encapsulate a satisfactory amount of haloperidol and release this active principle over a period of one month with a low burst effect. The incorporation of the PEGylated nanoparticles in matrices prepared with a high concentration of alginate and 100% CaCl2 made it possible to obtain nanocomposite beads having a better stability at the exit from the simulated gastric medium and persist approximately 30 minutes in simulated intestinal medium. Finally, preliminary in vivo studies on adult mice using injected nanoparticles and ingested nanocomposite balls showed the effectiveness of these systems to deliver haloperidol in the brain
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Pereira, Marie Antoinette Tanya. "Cellular differentiation and antibiotic production by Streptomyces nodosus immobilised in alginate capsules." View thesis, 2007. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/20504.
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Thesis (PhD) -- University of Western Sydney, 2007.A thesis submitted to the University of Western Sydney, College of Health and Science, School of Natural Sciences, as a requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliography.
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Veski, Peep. "Use of hard gelatin capsules and sodium alginates in peroral prolonged-release formulations /." Helsinki, 1994. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=006530628&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
Full textBook chapters on the topic "Alginate capsule"
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Lee, Boon-Beng, Pogaku Ravindra, and Eng-Seng Chan. "Ca-Alginate Liquid Core Capsule for Lactobacili Fermentation." In Advances in Bioprocess Technology, 455–71. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17915-5_22.
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Deladino, Lorena, and Aline Schneider-Teixeira. "Calcium Alginate Capsules: Particularities of Natural Antioxidants and Plant Germplasm Systems." In Basic Protocols in Encapsulation of Food Ingredients, 33–43. New York, NY: Springer US, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1649-9_3.
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Xu, Shi, Xueyan Liu, Amir Tabaković, and Erik Schlangen. "The fatigue life extension prospect of calcium alginate capsules in porous asphalt." In Green and Intelligent Technologies for Sustainable and Smart Asphalt Pavements, 583–86. London: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003251125-93.
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Dembczynski, R., and T. Jankowski. "Growth of lactic acid bacteria in alginate/starch capsules." In Progress in Biotechnology, 291–94. Elsevier, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-0423(00)80082-9.
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Xuan Hoan, Nguyen, Le Thi Hong Anh, Duong Hong Quan, Dang Xuan Cuong, Hoang Thai Ha, Nguyen Thi Thao Minh, Dao Trong Hieu, Nguyen Dinh Thuat, Pham Duc Thinh, and Dang Thi Thanh Tuyen. "Functional-Antioxidant Food." In Functional Foods [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96619.
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Nowadays, people face many different dangers, such as stress, unsafety food, and environmental pollution, but not everyone suffers. Meanwhile, free radicals are the biggest threat for humans because they lead to over 80 different diseases composed of aging. Free radicals can only be eliminated or minimized with antioxidant foods or antioxidants. The chapter on the functional-antioxidant food presents the antioxidant functional food concept, the classification, the structure, and the extraction process of antioxidant ingredients. Various antioxidant substances such as protein (collagen), polysaccharides (fucoidans, alginates, glucosamines, inulins, laminarins, ulvans, and pectins), and secondary metabolites (polyphenols (phlorotannins, lignins, polyphenols), alkaloids, and flavonoids) also present. The production technology, the mechanism, the opportunity, and the challenge of antioxidants functional food also present in the current chapter. The current chapter also gives the production process of functional-antioxidant food composed of the capsule, the tablet, tube, the pills, the powder, and the effervescent tablet.
Conference papers on the topic "Alginate capsule"
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Ni’mah, Yatim Lailun, Agustina Pertiwi, Harmami Harmami, Ita Ulfin, and Arif Fadlan. "Synthesis of capsule from crab water soluble chitosan and alginate." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (ISMM2019): Exploring New Innovation in Metallurgy and Materials. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0002652.
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Matsumoto, Yoshifumi, Yukihiro Morinaga, Masanobu Ujihira, Kotaro Oka, and Kazuo Tanishita. "Using Encapsulation to Improve the Viability of Cryopreserved Cells." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0583.
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Abstract The purpose of this study is to clarify whether encapsulated cells have an advantage over suspended cells in cryopreservation. Rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells were selected for test biological cell and microencapsulated in alginate-polylysine-alginate membranes. Microencapsulated PC12 cells were frozen with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) at a cooling rate of 0.5 to 10°C/min, their latent heat was measured among the freezing process over the temperature range 4 to −80°C. Their post-thaw viability were evaluated by dye exclusion assay and dopamine release. As a result, latent heat of encapsulated cells was lower than that of suspended cells at a cooling rate of 0.5 and l°C/min. This is because extra-capsule was frozen and intra-capsule unfrozen, as ice crystals forms in extra-capsule space. Post-thaw viability of microencapsulated PC12 cells was improved at 0.5 and l°C/min compared with that of suspended cells. Therefore, in microencapsulated PC12 cells, achievement of intra-capsule unfrozen condition during freezing leads to reducing the solution effect and improving the viability.
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Sun, Jiyu, Yueming Wang, Limei Tian, and Chunxiang Pan. "Study on Preparation Technology of Self-healing Micro-nano Capsule based on Calcium Alginate." In 2018 IEEE International Conference on Manipulation, Manufacturing and Measurement on the Nanoscale (3M-NANO). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3m-nano.2018.8552195.
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Li, Lulu, Rene Schloss, Noshir Langrana, and Martin Yarmush. "Effects of Encapsulation Microenvironment on Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192587.
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Pluripotent embryonic stem cells represent a promising renewable cell source to generate a variety of differentiated cell types. Although many investigators have described techniques to effectively differentiate stem cells into different mature cell lineages, their practicality is limited by the absence of large scale processing consideration and low yields of differentiated cells. Previously we have established a murine embryonic stem cell alginate-poly-l-lysine microencapsulation differentiation system. The three-dimensional alginate microenvironment maintains cell viability, is conducive to ES cell differentiation to hepatocyte lineage cells, and maintains differentiated cellular function. In the present work, we demonstrate that hepatocyte differentiation is mediated by cell-cell aggregation in the encapsulation microenvironment. Both cell aggregation and hepatocyte functions, such as urea and albumin secretion, as well as increased expression of cytokaratin 18 and cyp4507a, occur concomitantly with surface E-cadherin expression. Furthermore, by incorporating soluble inducers, such as retinoic acid, into the permeable microcapsule system, we demonstrate decreased cell aggregation and enhanced neuronal lineage differentiation with the expression of various neuronal specific markers, including neurofilament, A2B5, O1 and GFAP. Therefore, as a result of capsule parameter and microenvironment manipulation, we are capable of targeting cellular differentiation to both endodermal and ectodermal cell lineages.
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Zhang, Liguo, and Anne-Virginie Salsac. "Can sonication increase the release from alginate capsules?" In INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON ULTRASONICS: Gdańsk 2011. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3703172.
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Desai, Salil, Anthony Moore, Benjamin Harrison, and Jagannathan Sankar. "Understanding Microdroplet Formations for Biomedical Applications." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-69223.
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This paper focuses on understanding microdroplet formation of sodium alginate biopolymer at various concentrations utilizing drop-on-demand inkjet technology. We investigate the effect of sodium chloride on the rheology of sodium alginate and derive a correlation between the size of the droplet versus the size of the microcapsules formed. Varying sizes of microcapsules are formed based on different concentrations of calcium chloride solvent. This understanding will give insight for fabricating drug delivery capsules and tissue scaffolds that are subject to extreme ambient conditions when interfaced with in-vivo environments.
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Fadlan, Arif, Febby Fedika Elanda, Harmami Harmami, Ita Ulfin, and Yatim Lailun Ni’mah. "Preparation and performance evaluation of water-soluble chitosan-alginate capsules." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR ON METALLURGY AND MATERIALS (ISMM2019): Exploring New Innovation in Metallurgy and Materials. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0002687.
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Trivedi, V., E. S. Ereifej, A. Doshi, P. Sehgal, P. J. VandeVord, and A. S. Basu. "Microfluidic encapsulation of cells in alginate capsules for high throughput screening." In 2009 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2009.5333308.
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Minaenko, A. P., Yu A. Kuchikhin, A. N. Zhavnerov, and V. A. Gribkova. "Application Of Sodium Alginate Capsules As An Innovative Method Of Adding Preparations." In International Scientific and Practical Conference "Biotechnology, Ecology, Nature Management". European Publisher, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epls.22011.15.
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Ong, Hui-Yen, Boon-Beng Lee, AkmalHadi Ma’ Radzi, Zarina Zakaria, and Eng-Seng Chan. "A comparative study on liquid core formulation on the diameter on the alginate capsules." In ADVANCED MATERIALS AND RADIATION PHYSICS (AMRP-2015): 4th National Conference on Advanced Materials and Radiation Physics. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4928826.
Full textReports on the topic "Alginate capsule"
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Shpigel, Muki, Allen Place, William Koven, Oded (Odi) Zmora, Sheenan Harpaz, and Mordechai Harel. Development of Sodium Alginate Encapsulation of Diatom Concentrates as a Nutrient Delivery System to Enhance Growth and Survival of Post-Larvae Abalone. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7586480.bard.
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The major bottlenecks in rearing the highly priced gastropod abalone (Haliotis spp.) are the slow growth rate and the high mortality during the first 8 to 12 weeks following metamorphosis and settling. The most likely reason flor these problems is related to nutritional deficiencies in the diatom diet on which the post larvae (PL) feed almost exclusively in captivity. Higher survival and improved growth rate will reduce the considerable expense of hatchery-nursery resisdence time and thereflore the production costs. BARD supported our research for one year only and the support was given to us in order to prove that "(1) Abalone PL feed on encapsulated diatoms, and (2) heterotrophic diatoms can be mass produced." In the course of this year we have developed a novel nutrient delivery system specifically designed to enhance growth and survival of post-larval abalone. This approach is based on the sodium-alginate encapsulation of heterotrophically grown diatoms or diatom extracts, including appetite-stimulating factors. Diatom species that attract the PL and promote the highest growth and survival have been identified. These were also tested by incorporating them (either intact cells or as cell extracts) into a sodium-alginate matrix while comparing the growth to that achieved when using diatoms (singel sp. or as a mixture). A number of potential chemoattractants to act as appetite-stimulating factors for abalone PL have been tested. Preliminary results show that the incorporation of the amino acid methionine at a level of 10-3M to the sodim alginate matrix leads to a marked enhancement of growth. The results ol these studies provided basic knowledge on the growth of abalone and showed that it is possible to obtain, on a regular basis, survival rates exceeding 10% for this stage. Prior to this study the survival rates ranged between 2-4%, less than half of the values achieved today. Several diatom species originated from the National Center for Mariculture (Nitzchia laevis, Navicula lenzi, Amphora T3, and Navicula tennerima) and Cylindrotheca fusiformis (2083, 2084, 2085, 2086 and 2087 UTEX strains, Austin TX) were tested for heterotrophic growth. Axenic colonies were initially obtained and following intensive selection cycles and mutagenesis treatments, Amphora T3, Navicula tennerima and Cylindrotheca fusiformis (2083 UTEX strain) were capable of growing under heterotrophic conditions and to sustain highly enriched mediums. A highly efficient selection procedure as well as cost effective matrix of media components were developed and optimized. Glucose was identified as the best carbon source for all diatom strains. Doubling times ranging from 20-40 h were observed, and stable heterotroph cultures at a densities range of 103-104 were achieved. Although current growth rates are not yet sufficient for full economical fermentation, we estimate that further selections and mutagenesis treatments cycles should result in much faster growing colonies suitable for a fermentor scale-up. As rightfully pointed out by one of the reviewers, "There would be no point in assessing the optimum levels of dietary inclusions into micro-capsules, if the post-larvae cannot be induced to consume those capsules in the first place." We believe that the results of the first year of research provide a foundationfor the continuation of this research following the objectives put forth in the original proposal. Future work should concentrate on the optimization of incorporation of intact cells and cell extracts of the developed heterotrophic strains in the alginate matrix, as well as improving this delivery system by including liposomes and chemoattractants to ensure food consumption and enhanced growth.