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Academic literature on the topic 'Algae South Australia West Island'
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Journal articles on the topic "Algae South Australia West Island"
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Shaughnessy, Peter D., and Margaret Christian. "Seals (Pinnipedia) at Norfolk Island, south-west Pacific." Australian Mammalogy 38, no. 2 (2016): 234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am15035.
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Five seals were observed at Norfolk Island (29°S, 168°E) between 2000 and 2013. Two have been identified as Arctocephalus forsteri on the basis of photographs, a juvenile or weaned pup that weighed 9.5 kg and a subadult male. The nearest known aggregation of these fur seals is at Three Kings Islands (34°S, 172°E), 700 km to the south-east. Because New Zealand fur seals are increasing in abundance in New Zealand and Australia, sightings of vagrant fur seals at Norfolk Island are likely to increase.
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Millar, AJK, and GT Kraft. "Catalogue of marine benthic green algae (Chlorophyta) of New South Wales, including Lord Howe Island, south-western Pacific." Australian Systematic Botany 7, no. 5 (1994): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9940419.
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The marine benthic green macroalgae of the New South Wales mainland and of Lord Howe Island are listed, each with bibliographic, distributional and specimen-voucher details. Included are 113 species in 9 orders, 14 families and 38 genera, of which 12 species are based on New South Wales types. With respect to biodiversity, New South Wales is as rich in numbers of genera and species as southern Australia. Eight genera (Pedobesia, Boodlea, Neomeris, Trichosolen, Ventvicaria, Caulerpella, Pseudochlorodesmis, Sporocladopsis) and 41 species are new records for the State, and 14 species are newly recorded for the Australian continent. The largest genus represented is Cladophora; 22 species are recorded, 13 from Lord Howe Island alone, and 7 are new to Australia (C. cymopoliae, C. colabense, C. dotyana, C. nigrescens, C. ohkuboana, C. patentirainea, C. ryukyuensis). Examination of type and recently collected material of Caulerpa annulata (from Port Arthur, Tasmania) shows it to be synonymous with the earlier Caulerpa hodgkinsoniae (from Ballina, New South Wales).
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Shaughnessy, P. D., S. D. Goldsworthy, and A. I. Mackay. "The long-nosed fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri) in South Australia in 2013–14: abundance, status and trends." Australian Journal of Zoology 63, no. 2 (2015): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo14103.
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The long-nosed (or New Zealand) fur seal (Arctocephalus forsteri) breeds in southern Australia and New Zealand. Most of the Australian population is in South Australia, between Kangaroo Island and Eyre Peninsula. Fur seal populations in southern Australia were heavily exploited by colonial sealers between 1801 and 1830, resulting in major reductions. Numbers remained low for 150 years, then slowly built up and new colonies established across their presumed former range. Here we present estimates of pup abundance at South Australia colonies, mostly during the 2013–14 breeding season. Long-nosed fur seals bred from Baudin Rocks in the south-east to Fenelon Island in the north-west. In total, 29 breeding colonies produced 20 431 pups, 3.6 times greater than the 1989–90 estimate; the increase is attributed to recovery from 19th century overharvesting. The 2013–14 pup estimate leads to an estimate of abundance of long-nosed fur seals in South Australia of 97 200. Most pups were on Kangaroo Island (49.6%) and the Neptune Islands (38.6%). New breeding colonies were identified on Williams Island and at two small sites on Kangaroo Island. The increasing trend in South Australia is likely to continue over the coming decade, primarily by expansion in colonies on Kangaroo Island and by establishment of new colonies.
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Millar, AJK, and GT Kraft. "Catalogue of marine brown algae (Phaeophyta) of New South Wales, including Lord Howe Island, south-western Pacific." Australian Systematic Botany 7, no. 1 (1994): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9940001.
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This catalogue lists 139 species (in 12 orders, 26 families and 63 genera) of brown algae from New South Wales and Lord Howe Island. More than half (71) are endemic to Australia, with the remainder being very widely distributed (e.g. Europe, the Americas and Asia); 28 species have New South Wales type localities (14 from the mainland and 14 from Lord Howe Island). As a result of extensive searching of archival records, the exact locality of many 'Nov. Holl.' types is deduced to be the Sydney region of New South Wales. Four genera (Austronereia, Nemacystis, Nereia and Tomaculopsis) and 10 species are newly recorded, six species being new to the Australian continent. The largest genus represented is Sargassum, for which 37 species have been recorded, including 10 based on local types. Eleven of these Sargassum records are eliminated, the remaining 26 are in urgent need of regional monographic treatment. Eclipsed only by the Fucales (39 species in 9 genera), the order Dictyotales with 36 species in 13 genera, is the dominant group in terms of cover and possibly biomass along the mainland and at Lord Howe Island from low intertidal habitats to to depths of at least 35 m. In many areas of the seabed, brown algae and the cmstose corallines seem to be especially resilient to grazing by the sea-urchin Centrostephanis rodgersii which is presently besieging this coast.
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Kraft, Gerald T. "Marine and estuarine benthic green algae (Chlorophyta) of Lord Howe Island, south-western Pacific." Australian Systematic Botany 13, no. 4 (2000): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb99015.
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A taxonomic survey of marine and estuarine benthic green algae has been conducted at Lord Howe Island, the site of the world’s southernmost (at 31.5˚S) consolidated coral reef. Thirty-two genera and 71 species are described from habitats ranging from upper intertidal to 20–30-m depths. Sixteen of the species are based on Lord Howe types, and 11 are described as new. Twelve species are currently known only from the Island. Particularly well represented in the flora are the genera Enteromorpha (six species, one variety), Chaetomorpha (four species), Cladophora (13 species),Codium (five species), Caulerpa (seven species, two varieties) and Bryopsis (three species). The island is further distinctive in having two representatives of some relatively obscure genera (Cladophoropsis, Rhipiliopsis, Pseudochlorodesmis) and in being the highest-latitude collecting locality for several species. Affinities of the Lord Howe flora are primarily tropical Indo-Pacific, with very few elements otherwise restricted to southern Australia and New Zealand.
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Millar, AJK, and GT Kraft. "Catalogue of marine and freshwater red algae (Rhodophyta) of New South Wales, including Lord Howe Island, south-western Pacific." Australian Systematic Botany 6, no. 1 (1993): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sb9930001.
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All published, and many unpublished, records of marine and freshwater red algae from the New South Wales mainland and Lord Howe Island are brought together for the first time. Of the 381 species listed (in 14 orders, 41 families and 174 genera), some 22% have New South Wales type localities (58 from the mainland and 24 from Lord Howe Island) and the remainder are either typically southern Australian, Queensland, or much more widely distributed. Twenty-five percent (100) of the species and 20% (35) of the genera are newly recorded for the New South Wales coast, one genus (Callithamniella) is new to the Pacific Ocean, and two (Ditria and Titanophora) are newly recorded for Australia. The new combination Gloiocladia minutula is also proposed. All nomenclature is updated and relevant synonyms and misapplied names are included.
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Brunner, S., P. D. Shaughnessy, and M. M. Bryden. "Geographic variation in skull characters of fur seals and sea lions (family Otariidae)." Australian Journal of Zoology 50, no. 4 (2002): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo01056.
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Geographic variation was observed in skulls of several otariid species, with a general change in size corresponding with a change in latitude and primary productivity. The largest specimens were from cool temperate localities, conforming mostly to Rensch's rule. Skulls of Australian sea lions from Western Australia were generally smaller in condylobasal length, but were more robust than those from South Australia. The subantarctic fur seal did not conform to Bergmann's rule: skulls from Amsterdam Island (37�55´S) were largest, those from Gough Island (40�20´S) intermediate and those from Marion Island (46�55´S) the smallest. For both sexes, skulls of southern sea lions from the Falkland Islands were smaller than their equivalents from mainland South America. Similarly, skulls of South African fur seals from south-east South Africa appeared smaller than those from the west coast of South Africa and Namibia; skulls from Namibia grouped separately from those of south-east and west coast, South Africa. We postulate that the Otariidae are in the process of species divergence, much of which may be driven by local factors, particularly latitude and resources.
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Zed, T., J. G. Conran, and A. Lewis. "Vegetation Patterns in Relation to Bird Nesting Preferences on West Island, South Australia." Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia 130, no. 2 (January 2006): 211–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/3721426.2006.10887060.
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E. Davis. Jr., William. "Heard Island: Southern Ocean Sentinel." Pacific Conservation Biology 13, no. 2 (2007): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc070145.
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Heard Island is one of the most remote places on earth. It is of volcanic origin (and currently volcanically active) on the submarine Kerguelen Plateau in the Southern Ocean, roughly 4 000 km south-west of Australia, 1 500 km from Antarctica, 3 750 km from Africa, and 7 500 km from India. The island is 367 km2 in area at latitude 53�S, south of the Antarctic Polar Front (Antarctic Convergence), is 70% covered with glaciers, and has a geologic, biologic and human history of substantial interest. Because of its remoteness, relative recent discovery (1853), and infrequent human visitation, it is pristine with no human-introduced plants or mammals.
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Antos, Mark, and William Steele. "A likely breeding record of Brown Quail Synoicus ypsilophorus at St Peter Island, Nuyts Archipelago, South Australia." Australian Field Ornithology 38 (2021): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20938/afo38107112.
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This note reports observations of birds and other vertebrates during a short stay at St Peter Island, Nuyts Archipelago, South Australia, during November 2019. Of most interest was a sighting of juvenile Brown Quail Synoicus ypsilophorus, outside the generally reported range of this species and representing the first breeding record of which we are aware for this species at St Peter Island. This is one of a series of relatively recent sightings in the west of South Australia, which indicates an ongoing range expansion for this species. Further fauna surveys on the Nuyts Archipelago, with documentation of observations, are encouraged.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Algae South Australia West Island"
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Copertino, Margareth. "Production ecology and ecophysiology of turf algal communities on a temperate reef (West Island, South Australia)." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc782.pdf.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 235-258). Estimates the primary production and investigates the photosynthetic performance of temperate turfs at West Island, off the coast of South Australia. These communities play a fundamental role in reef ecology, being the main source of food for grazers, both fishes and invertebrates. Turfs also have an important function in benthic algal community dynamics, being the first colonizers on disturbed and bare substratum.
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Randabel, Joseph Pierre Jerome. "The geology of the Snug Cove area, north west coast Kangaroo Island, South Australia /." Adelaide, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09S.B/09s.br187.pdf.
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Thesis (B. Sc.(Hons.))--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, 1992."National grid reference: Snug Cove SI-53-6226-1. Australia 1:50000 series and Kingscote SI-53-16 1:250000 sheet." Includes bibliographical references.
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Vanderklift, Mathew Arie. "Interactions between sea urchins and macroalgae in south-western Australia : testing general predictions in a local context." University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2002. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0086.
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Generalist herbivores profoundly influence the biomass and species composition of macroalgae assemblages. In subtidal ecosystems of temperate latitudes, large invertebrates are usually the most influential herbivores. I tested the prediction that exclusion of invertebrate herbivores would lead to changes in the biomass and species composition of the macroalgae assemblages that are a prominent feature of the reefs in south-western Australia. The most abundant invertebrate herbivores were sea urchins (Heliocidaris erythrogramma, Phyllacanthus irregularis and Centrostephanus tenuispinus), and these occupied different trophic positions. Heliocidaris was present at virtually all reefs surveyed, and was particularly abundant in the Fremantle region. Analyses of stable isotopes and direct observations of gut contents revealed that it was almost exclusively herbivorous, and that it mainly ate foliose brown algae. In contrast, Phyllacanthus and Centrostephanus were omnivorous; while they consumed large proportions of algae, a substantial proportion of the diet of both species was animal tissue. Because Heliocidaris is a generalist herbivore that occurs at high densities, it could exert a large influence on the macroalgae assemblage. This prediction was tested by a series of press experiments. Contrary to the prediction, Heliocidaris exerted a very minor influence on the biomass, and no detectable influence on the species composition, of attached macroalgae. However, it exerted a major influence on the retention of drift macroalgae and seagrass by trapping and feeding on drift. It exerted a particularly strong influence on retention of the kelp Ecklonia radiata. This kelp was not abundant in the attached algae assemblage (when all plots were pooled it ranked 35th in biomass), but was abundant as drift (ranking 1st). Most of the drift Ecklonia was retained by sea urchins, rather than freely drifting.Herbivorous fish may also influence macroalgae assemblages. To compare the effects of sea urchins versus fish on recruiting and adult macroalgae a 13-month exclusion experiment was conducted. There were no detectable effects of sea urchins (mainly Heliocidaris) on either recruiting or adult macroalgae. There were some patterns in the biomass of recruiting algae consistent with an influence by herbivorous fish; however, these patterns were also consistent with the presence of artefacts (shading and reduced water flow) by fish exclusion devices. I began with the prediction that large invertebrate herbivores were a major influence on the macroalgae assemblages of subtidal reefs in south-western Australia. Overall, there was little evidence to support this prediction: within spatial extents of tens of square metres and over periods of 1-2 years, only minor effects were detected. However, it remains plausible that herbivores exert an influence over long time periods across large spatial extents in south-western Australia. I propose that trophic subsidies support the comparatively high densities of Heliocidaris that exist at some reefs. I further propose that these subsidies mediate the effects of sea urchins on the attached macroalgae assemblage, and that they might play an important role in energy and nutrient cycling in these nearshore ecosystems.
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Bray, Jonathan Peter. "The ecology of algal assemblages across a gradient of acid mine drainage stress on the West Coast, South Island, New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1492.
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Physicochemical factors, algal diversity, taxonomic composition and standing crop were investigated across a broad gradient of AMD stress in streams and rivers. 52 sites were surveyed in the vicinity of Greymouth, Reefton, Westport and Blackball, on the West Coast, South Island. Seven sites in the Reefton area were sampled from April 2006 - February 2007 to establish changes over time in benthic algal communities of AMD and reference streams. Longitudinal change and ecosystem recovery were also investigated by sampling eight sites down Devils Creek, Reefton, and two of its tributaries. AMD has negative impacts on algal diversity, generally increases the dominance of certain taxa and, where metal oxide deposition or hydraulic disturbance are not great, can lead to algal proliferations. These proliferations were chlorophyte dominated, predominantly by filamentous Klebsormidium acidophilum. From the general survey a total of 15 taxa were identified from the most severely impacted sites (pH <3.6), which included both acidophiles and acidotolerant algae. Multivariate analyses strongly suggest that pH was the dominant factor controlling taxonomic occurrence of diatoms, macroalgae and the structure of the total assemblage. Other factors such as conductivity, metal oxide deposition, temperature, depth, month, geographic location and altitude were also important. Algal communities changed over time and this became more marked as AMD impact decreased. This was presumably due to AMD stressors reducing diversity, and thus the available scope for assemblage change. Longitudinal differences in assemblage structure within Devils Creek appeared to be in response to dilution of AMD in upper reaches and to changes in natural physical features such as gradient in mid and lower reaches. After a distance of 7.2 km the physicochemical effects of AMD and suspended clay inputs were minimal. At this site and at several previous sites, the assemblage exhibited a degree of recovery towards that found at unimpacted sites. A range of algae found in the broad scale-survey are potentially useful 'sensitive' indicators. These included: Heteroleibleinia purpurascens; Achnanthes oblongella; Oedogonium sp. and Spirogyra sp. In contrast: Euglena mutabilis; Navicula cincta; K. acidophilum; Microspora quadrata and Microthamnion kuetzingianum may be useful 'tolerance' indicators. These data show that AMD has a range of negative impacts on algae, and algae may be a useful tool for monitoring these impacts in West Coast streams.
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Toohey, Benjamin D. "Recovery of algal assemblages from canopy disturbance : patterns and processes over a range of reef structures." University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0135.
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[Truncated abstract] Kelp beds of South-Western Australia have high alpha (within habitat) diversity, through high species turnover at small spatial scales. The E. radiata canopy has a strong negative influence on the diversity of the understorey through intense interspecific competition for light. Literature suggests that when the competitively dominant species such as E. radiata are physically removed, diversity will increase, as less competitive species become more abundant. Apart from disturbance, evidence suggests that reef topography at the 1-10 m vertical scale also has an influence on the structure of the kelp beds, particularly in reference to relative abundance of canopy algae and species richness of the assemblage. In this thesis, I explore the role of algal assemblage recovery from physical disturbance to maintain high diversity. I also investigate the influence of reef structure (in terms of topography at the 1-10 m vertical scale) on assemblage recovery. This thesis provides a valuable functional explanation for the high diversity observed in South-Western algal assemblages. In addition, it explores the influence of reef topography which has received little attention to date . . . Overall, this thesis argues that the high alpha diversity in algal assemblages of South-Western Australia is due to local scale processes including disturbance and assemblage recovery which generate diversity by the creation of species rich gap states and by phase-shifts during the recovery process, creating a mosaic of different patch types. Assemblage recovery is composed of several processes, including survival of juvenile kelp sporophytes and canopy shading, added to macroalgal diversity through spatial and temporal variation in their outcomes. Reef topography contributed to algal diversity by influencing the processes associated with assemblage recovery through alteration of key physical variables including light levels and water motion.
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Copertino, Margareth. "Production ecology and ecophysiology of turf algal communities on a temperate reef (West Island, South Australia) / Margareth Copertino." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21821.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 235-258).xxi, 274 leaves, [8] leaves of plates : ill. (chiefly col.), map 30 cm.
Estimates the primary production and investigates the photosynthetic performance of temperate turfs at West Island, off the coast of South Australia. These communities play a fundamental role in reef ecology, being the main source of food for grazers, both fishes and invertebrates. Turfs also have an important function in benthic algal community dynamics, being the first colonizers on disturbed and bare substratum.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Environmental Biology, 2002
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Fairhead, Victoria A. "Ecophysiology and production ecology of the kelp ecklonia radiata (C.Agardh) J.Agardh, at West Island, South Australia / Victoria Anne Fairhead." 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21777.
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"November 2001"Bibliography: leaves 132-156.
xii, 166 leaves : ill. (some col.), plates (col.) ; 30 cm.
Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library.
Focusses on the ecophysiology of Ecklonia radiata and quantifies its carbon contribution to further elucidate E. radiata's role in the nearshore marine environment. The photosynthesis-irradiance response of E. radiata was investigated in situ throughout the year and across the dept profile. A clear seasonal change in photokinetic parameters was detected and provided strong evidence of a seasonal acclimation response. Changes in photokinetic parameters across the depth profile were less pronounced and a significant decline in productivity occurred at deeper depths. The acclimation state of E radiata did alter across the depth profile.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Environmental Biology, 2002
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Fairhead, Victoria A. "Ecophysiology and production ecology of the kelp ecklonia radiata (C.Agardh) J.Agardh, at West Island, South Australia / Victoria Anne Fairhead." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21777.
Full textAbstract:
"November 2001"Bibliography: leaves 132-156.
xii, 166 leaves : ill. (some col.), plates (col.) ; 30 cm.
Focusses on the ecophysiology of Ecklonia radiata and quantifies its carbon contribution to further elucidate E. radiata's role in the nearshore marine environment. The photosynthesis-irradiance response of E. radiata was investigated in situ throughout the year and across the dept profile. A clear seasonal change in photokinetic parameters was detected and provided strong evidence of a seasonal acclimation response. Changes in photokinetic parameters across the depth profile were less pronounced and a significant decline in productivity occurred at deeper depths. The acclimation state of E radiata did alter across the depth profile.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Environmental Biology, 2002
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Randabel, J. P. J. "The geology of the Snug Cove area, north west coast Kangaroo Island, South Australia." Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/87108.
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This item is only available electronically.On the north west coast of Kangaroo Island in the vicinity of Snug Cove a major shear - the Snug Cove Shear Zone (SCSZ) has been recognised. The Snug Cove Shear Zone trends east-west in the area but is believed to strike inland to the east. The lithologies in the area were highly foliated and recrystallised in the shear zone but are gently folded outside of it. The lithological descriptions of Daily & Milnes (1971, 1973) were used to determine the stratigraphic position of the Snug Cove rocks; they are most likely to be within the Tapanappa Formation. Flattening strains in the area were low and the strain ellipsoid was oblate to spherical - a result of high recrystallisation. Kinematic indicators indicate a top to the north sense of shear throughout the shear zone. Strain variations in the shear zone are illustrated by the presence of high strain mylonitic zones in between lenticular relatively less deformed zones and the anastomosing nature of the mylonitic foliation. The relationship between the SCSZ and the nearby West Bay Syncline is due to the reactivation of a preexisting fault such that the SCSZ is located on the normal limb of the fold and not on the overturned limb as expected. The localisation of stress to create a ductile to semi-ductile shear zone is attributed to the buttressing effect of the Gawler Craton. Regionally, more than one deformation can be proposed on the basis of foliation relationships in porphyroblast schist. D1 was folding and cleavage development; D2 was crenulation and metamorphism; D3 was shear zone development.
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons)) -- University of Adelaide, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 1992