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1

Çoban, Sibel, and Vildan Özdemir. "MÜZİK EĞİTİMCİLERİNİN MESLEKİ DOYUM DÜZEYLERİNİN, CLAYTON ALDERFER'İN VİG (ERG) TEORİSİNE GÖRE DEĞERLENDİRMESİ “II. ULUSLARARASI İSTANBUL KODALY EĞİTİM GÜNLERİ” ÖRNEĞİ." e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy 15, no. 4 (October 31, 2020): 217–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12739/nwsa.2020.15.4.d0262.

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According to Alderfer's ERG Theory (Existence-Relatedness-Growth Theory), which is known as “ERG” theory in the literature, people have three basic needs. These needs are "Existence", "Relationship" and "Development". The International Istanbul Kodaly Training Days, the second of which is held in 2019, can be described as a vocational training in a sense. In this study; According to Alderfer's ERG Theory, the extent to which the needs of music teachers to improve themselves in their profession was met by attending Kodaly training days was investigated. With the ERG Theory of Alderfer, professional professional needs of teachers and Kodaly training days are in a positive and direct relationship. The research was carried out with a relational research model, which is one of the descriptive research models, and it was aimed to determine the level of professional satisfaction of the music educators who participated in the Kodaly Training Days and to examine them in terms of some variables. As a result of the study, it was seen that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the participants' professional satisfaction scale. As a result, it can be said that International Kodaly Training Days increase the professional satisfaction of the participants.
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Alderfer, Clayton P. "Theories Reflecting My Personal Experience and Life Development." Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 25, no. 4 (November 1989): 351–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002188638902500404.

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Social science theories are expressive acts by their authors, and thus reflect their authors' life experiences and developmental tasks. Maslow's theory of human motivation and Alderfer's conception of existence, relatedness, and growth (ERG) needs are frameworks accounting for the same phenomena. An alternative to Maslow's formulation, ERG theory was presented during a later historical period than its predecessor, and at an earlier stage of its author's life. In this autobiographical account, the author describes his childhood and adolescent origins and the events that led him to formulate ERG theory, examines the life stages at which he and Maslow developed their theories, and discusses how aspects of the authors' lives might account for similarities and differences in their conceptual products.
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Arnolds, C. A., and Christo Boshoff. "Compensation, esteem valence and job performance: an empirical assessment of Alderfer's ERG theory." International Journal of Human Resource Management 13, no. 4 (January 2002): 697–719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09585190210125868.

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4

Han, Hye Rim, and Ji Min Lee. "A Study on the Latent Growth Curve Modeling of the Adolescent's Subjective Happiness: Focused on Alderfer's ERG Theory." Journal of Korean Home Management Association 36, no. 1 (March 31, 2018): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7466/jkhma.2018.36.1.103.

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Wyse, Robert De Moraes. "Motivação: Teorias Motivacionais do Comportamento Humano." Revista de Ciências Gerenciais 22, no. 36 (December 30, 2018): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6571.2018v22n36p134-141.

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Este artigo tem por objetivo discorrer sobre algumas teorias da motivação humana, expor um breve resumo das principais teorias motivacionais. Inicialmente, traz-se o conceito de motivação, abordando alguns autores da área, em seguida, algumas teorias motivacionais são abordadas, contextualizando relatos de autores da área através de pesquisa bibliográfica em livros e também em artigos. São abordadas as Teorias das Necessidades de Maslow, com a pirâmide das necessidades humanas, enfocando-se, dessa forma, a escala das cinco necessidades humanas hierarquizadas pelo autor; a Teoria dos Dois Fatores de Herzberg, em que são abordados os fatores Higiênicos, que são os fatores do ambiente de trabalho, e Motivacionais, que são os fatores internos do ser humano, que estão relacionados com a motivação interna do indivíduo para desempenhar suas atividades; a Teoria de ERG de Alderfer, em que a motivação humana é dividida em três categorias: Existência, Relacionamento e Crescimento; a Teoria X e Y de McGregor, em que são considerados comportamentos humanos antagônicos, como o homem detestar trabalhar, no caso da teoria X, e pela teoria Y o ser humano ser esforçado e gostar de ter uma atividade; e a Teoria da Expectativa de Vroom, que relata sobre a motivação da expectativa humana, em que defende que o ser humano realiza algo através de uma expectativa, visando a atingir um objetivo. E por último são realizadas algumas considerações finais. Palavras-chave: Motivação. Teorias Motivacionais. Maslow. Herzberg. Comportamento Humano. AbstractThis article aims to discuss some theories of human motivation, to bring a brief summary of the main motivational theories. Initially, it brings the concept of motivation, approaching some authors of the area, then some motivational theories are approached, contextualizing reports of authors of the area through bibliographical research in books as well as in articles. Maslow's Theories of Needs, with the pyramid of human needs, are approached, thus addressing the scale of the 5 human needs hierarchized by the author; Herzberg's Theory of Two Factors, which addresses the Hygienic factors, which are the factors of the work environment, and Motivational, which are the internal factors of the human being that are related to the individual’s internal motivation to perform their activities; Alderfer's ERG Theory in which human motivation is divided into 3 categories: Existence, Relationship and Growth; McGregor's Theory X and Y, in which are considered antagonistic human behaviors, as man hates to work, in the case of theory X, and by the theory Y the human being is endeavored and likes to have an activity; and the Theory of Vroom Expectation, which reports on the motivation of human expectation, in which he argues that the human being accomplishes something through an expectation, aiming to achieve a goal. And finally, some final considerations are made. Keywords: Motivation; Motivational Theories. Maslow. Herzberg. Human behavior.
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Choi, Sang mi, Young Sun Joo, and Ja young Cho. "The Determinants of Happiness among Low-income Young Adults in South Korea: Applying Alderfer’s ERG Theory." JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SCIENCE 27, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 82–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.46415/jss.2020.09.27.3.82.

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Radne Rimba Putri, Imram, and Elsye Maria Rosa. "Analisis Motivasi Kerja Perawat di Ruang Rawat Inap RS PKU Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Unit II." Jurnal Ners dan Kebidanan Indonesia 3, no. 2 (March 30, 2016): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21927/jnki.2015.3(2).82-90.

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<p>In hospital, the nurses not only give their service to patients, but they also expect the attention of the management of the hospital where she worked to motivate their work, in order to create optimal performance. This research employed a mixed method research with sequential explanory strategy model. Primary data were collected through in depth interview and used questionnaires. The population is all nurses in PKU Muhammadiyah hospital of Yogyakarta unit II, the sample is 51 nurses to answer the questionnaires and 4 nurses as the informants for the interview since July 2014. The purpose of this study was to analyze the motivation of nurses were reviewed by three dimensions according to the needs of Alderfer’s ERG theory of motivation. The results showed that the majority of nurses work motivation level was as high as many as 49 nurses with a percentage 96.00% and 2 nurses with a percentage 4.00% of nurses with low motivation levels. In descriptive terms of work motivation nurses were categorized high in ERG theory. The conclusion was that the level of motivation of the cnurses the inpatient at ward PKU Muhammadiyah hospital of Yogyakarta unit II analyzed by three dimensional according to the needs of Alderfer’s ERG theory of motivation is high.</p>
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Han, Sang Yoon, and Seok In Nam. "Analysis of Factors Affecting Meaning in Life of Older Adults by Subjective Social Status : Based on Alderfer’s ERG theory." Korean Journal of Gerontological Social Welfare 74, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 125–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21194/kjgsw.74.4.201912.125.

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9

Venter, J. M. P., and A. Botha. "Analysing the financial needs addressed by South African consumers when using credit products." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 4, no. 2 (2014): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv4i2c1art2.

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Individuals in South African are experiencing increasing financial stressed due to the deterioration in the economy and restrictions imposed by the National Credit Act, No. 43 of 2005. The paper investigates the financial needs addressed by users of credit products. Human needs are firstly classified according to Alderfer’s ERG theory. Hereafter financial needs which individuals addressed when using credit products were analysed. The results indicate that consumers are also using credit products to address other financial needs than that for which the products were developed for. This could be partly due to the limitation in accessing appropriate credit products due to the requirements imposed by the credit legislation.
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Dahliana, Anita. "Motivasi Kepesertaan Mandiri BPJS di Era Universal Health Coverage Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional." KELUWIH: Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kedokteran 1, no. 1 (December 17, 2019): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24123/kesdok.v1i1.2488.

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Abstract. This research was conducted to determine the motivation of BPJS Health participants as independent participants. In this study, researchers used a motivational theory developed by Clayton Alderfer with three indicators namely Existence, Relatedness and Growth with a descriptive quantitative research approach with non-random sampling using a purposive method using conditions in selecting respondents ie respondents were outpatients in Specialist Poly Wiyung Hospital, Surabaya. The selected respondents were 43 people.The results of this study were the discovery of community motivation as independent health insurance participants. Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui motivasi peserta BPJS Kesehatan sebagai peserta mandiri. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan teori motivasi yang dikembangkan oleh Clayton Alderfer dengan tiga indikator yaitu Existence, Relatedness dan Growth dengan pendekatan penelitian kuantitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengambilan sampel non-random menggunakan cara purposive, yakni pemilihan responden menggunakan syarat tertentu (responden adalah pasien rawat jalan di Poli Spesialis RS Wiyung Surabaya). Responden yang dipilih berjumlah 43 orang. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya motivasi masyarakat yang menjadi peserta mandiri jaminan kesehatan.
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Han, Yang-Keum, and An-Na Yeo. "A Study on Dental Hygiene and Career Maturity of Students Based on Alderfer’s ERG Theory." Journal of Dental Hygiene Science 21, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17135/jdhs.2021.21.2.86.

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Botha, A., and J. M. P. Venter. "The effect of life stages on needs satisfied by credit used, according to Alderfer’s existence relatedness growth theory." Risk Governance and Control: Financial Markets and Institutions 6, no. 4 (2016): 324–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/rgcv6i4c2art10.

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The increase in household debt in South Africa over the past decade illustrates the importance of analysing credit usage. This study investigated the individual’s financial needs satisfied when using credit and the effect of life stage on the needs satisfied. The financial needs satisfied when using credit were analysed according to life stages using Alderfer’s existence relatedness growth (ERG) theory as a framework. The results indicated that credit usage is influenced by an individual’s life stage. This study found that individuals across all life stages mainly use credit to satisfy their existence needs. Although individuals in their single life stages used less credit products than individuals in their family life stages, it was worrisome to ascertain that mature couples had the highest average credit product usage. The findings suggest that individuals fall into the debt trap in their early life stage, resulting in them being unable to save income in the high-income-producing years in order to be able to dissave after retirement. It is suggested that educational programmes targeting the early life stages should be introduced to prevent individuals from becoming overindebted.
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Mansaray, Hassan Elsan. "The Role of Human Resource Management in Employee Motivation and Performance-An Overview." Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 2, no. 3 (August 2, 2019): 183–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v2i3.405.

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This paper discusses the link between motivation and performance, and established what makes motivation to have a central role in getting high performances from employees in organizations. It was revealed from the review that there are several motivational theories used by employers at different situations when they want their employees to highly perform. As motivation is to influence employees to perform, hence; performance is the evaluation with respect to acknowledged tasks, objectives, goal line and rational anticipations linked with a role, occupation in an organization. This paper has looked at some of these theories that have been proven and accepted by the general public. They comprise Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, McGregor’s theories x and y, McClelland’s theory of learned needs, Alderfer’s ERG theory, Herzberg’s two-factor theory, Vroom’s expectancy theory and different types of motivation, such as intrinsic and extrinsic. It is evident from the literature reviewed that all theories were established on some experimentations or observations, as a result they are just written ends about a tested situation. Though circumstances can be comparable, they will perhaps by no means be the same. Also, studies have showed that highly motivated employees that are productive and innovative can lead the organization to success through the achievement of its desired results.
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Onyango, Simpson Osiemo, Prof Ronald Chepkilot, and Dr. Stella Muhanji. "Evaluating the Influence of Flexible Work Arrangement Strategy on Job Satisfaction." Editon Consortium Journal of Business and Management Studies 1, no. 1 (November 17, 2019): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.51317/ecjbms.v1i1.46.

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of flexible work arrangements strategy on job satisfaction among state corporations in Kenya. The greatest challenge facing organisations is whether their staffs are motivated to perform their duties and whether employees find their work interesting and meaningful. The ways jobs are designed has an important bearing on an employee’s job satisfaction. Understanding job design techniques and their influence on job satisfaction will lead organisations to keep the best employee pool for themselves and fend off competition. This study was based on several theories, namely: Job Characteristics model, Hertzberg's two-factor Hygiene theory, Clayton Alderfer’s ERG theory, equity theory, family-boarder theory, and boundary theory. The research design for this study was a cross-sectional descriptive design. This research sought to interrogate the extent to which the state corporations employ flexible work arrangements and its influence on job satisfaction and suggest possible areas of improvement. The target population was 187 state corporations. The unit of analysis was employees of the state corporations in Kenya. The research studied a sample size of 381 employees in 127 state corporations. The state corporations in Kenya were selected using stratified sampling, while employees were purposively selected. To obtain the data, semi-structured questionnaires were used in this research. Data collected were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics with the aid of the SPSS package. The findings of this study show that a flexible work arrangement is a significant strategy in enhancing job satisfaction among state corporations in Kenya.
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Muin, Dona, Susi Ari Kristina, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, and Satibi Satibi. "Factors Affecting Pharmacist’s Performance Based on Motivation Theory: A Systematic Review." Global Journal of Health Science 11, no. 3 (January 30, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v11n3p13.

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OBJECTIVE: Determine factors that affect the performance of pharmacist based on motivation theory. METHOD: A systematic review was conducted to explore that affect factors an employee&#39;s performance, especially a pharmacist. Electronic databases used to identify relevant studies to the affecting factors such performance were Science Direct, PUBMED, UGM Library (Dissertation) and Google Scholar. The search terms used are &ldquo;pharmacist performance&rdquo;, &ldquo;performance-affecting factors for pharmacist&rdquo;, &ldquo;pharmacist performance optimization&rdquo;, and &ldquo;performance motivation&rdquo;. This study was limited to English and Indonesian language only and publication years from 2000 to 2016. Electronic search database found 50 articles while only six studies meet the eligibility criteria to serve as the basis for determining the performance of the pharmacist. RESULTS: Pharmacist performance was influenced by five factors: organization and environment, social order, resources owned, pharmacist characteristics, and regulation. These five variables are considered by the Alderfer ERG theory of Existence, Relatedness, and Growth. CONCLUSION: Performance for pharmacists should be emphasized with systemic supports for pharmaceutical practice changes to succeed on a wide scale and devote to producing a good performance.
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Davidovitch, Nitza, and Miri Ben Amram. "THE COVID-19 PERIOD: A CRISIS FOR ON-SITE LEARNING OR AN OPPORTUNITY FOR OPTIMAL DISTANCE LEARNING? EXAMINATION OF STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES." Research Bulletin Series Philological Sciences 1, no. 193 (April 2021): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-4077-2021-1-193-383-391.

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This study, which explores student attitudes to online learning, is based on a psychoanalytic theory (Existence-relatedness-growth, ERG) on relatedness and growth, developed by American psychologist Clayton Alderfer. The purpose of the study was to examine whether online learning is merely a short-term temporary solution necessitated by the COVID-19 crisis, or will it enable a transformation of teaching and learning patterns in educational systems in the post-COVID era? What is students’ personal preference regarding online learning after having inadvertently experienced it? What dimension of online teaching was meaningful for them: social presence, instructional-cognitive presence, emotional-personal presence? The research population consisted of 306 students, with a mean age of 15.5. Only 85% of the students who participated in the study had technological resources for online learning at home. About 41% of the students preferred lessons that combine online teaching with frontal teaching in the classroom. In addition, the dimensions of online teaching reported by students as meaningful were, in descending order, social presence, emotional­personal presence, and instructional-cognitive presence. The research findings might have an effect on policy makers in education with regard to maintaining an "innovative pedagogy" aimed at shaping students’ image in order to prepare them for the new post-COVID era. In this period of global crisis, online learning afforded students innovative learning, where students enhanced their awareness of the significance of social presence, which was more meaningful than the dimension of instructional-cognitive presence. The significance of interpersonal interaction in teaching and learning received support, more so than ever before.
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Mohd Amar, Ismah Sumayyah, and Mohd Hisham Ariffin. "Retention factors of experienced Malay male Architects in Malaysian architectural design consultant firms in the Klang Valley, Malaysia." MATEC Web of Conferences 266 (2019): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926603004.

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The Malaysian construction industry suffers from a high rate of talent attrition within architecture design consultant firms which hinders these firms from competing locally and globally. This talent attrition hinders strategic nurturing of employees needed to sustain the firms’ involvement in the global market. This paper reports the findings of an investigation into the factors that contribute to employee retention of a purposive sample of ten male professional Malay Architects in Malaysian architecture consulting firms in the Klang Valley. It explored the reasons for respondents remaining with their employers through data collected from qualitative interviews. The data in the form of interview transcripts, interview memos and analysis memos were analyzed using category coding to generate meaning units and categories of employment retention. The analysis was based upon Alderfer’s ERG motivation theory and intrinsic motivations. It was found that existence needs (convenience, physiological needs, material security), relatedness needs (group belongingness, social needs, family obligation, friendship obligation, employment group obligation, social obligation, and social esteem), growth needs (self esteem and self-actualization) and intrinsic motives (choices, progress, competence and meaningfulness) underlie the employment retention of the respondents. The research findings provide insights about Malay male Architects employment retention factors in Malaysian architecture consulting firms.
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Ben-Amram, Miri, and Nitza Davidovitch. "The COVID-19 Period: A Crisis for on-Site Learning or an Opportunity for Optimal Distance Learning? Examination of Student Attitudes." Journal of Education and Learning 10, no. 3 (April 6, 2021): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jel.v10n3p27.

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This study, which explores student attitudes to online learning, is based on a psychoanalytic theory (Existence-relatedness-growth, ERG) on relatedness and growth, developed by American psychologist Clayton Alderfer. The purpose of the study was to examine whether online learning is merely a short-term temporary solution necessitated by the COVID-19 crisis, or will it enable a transformation of teaching and learning patterns in educational systems in the post-COVID era? What is students&rsquo; personal preference regarding online learning after having inadvertently experienced it? What dimension of online teaching was meaningful for them: social presence, instructional-cognitive presence, emotional-personal presence? The research population consisted of 306 students, with a mean age of 15.5. Only 85% of the students who participated in the study had technological resources for online learning at home. About 41% of the students preferred lessons that combine online teaching with frontal teaching in the classroom. In addition, the dimensions of online teaching reported by students as meaningful were, in descending order, social presence (M = 3.54), emotional-personal presence (M = 2.96), and instructional-cognitive presence (M = 2.73). The research findings might have an effect on policy makers in education with regard to maintaining an &ldquo;innovative pedagogy&rdquo; aimed at shaping students&rsquo; image in order to prepare them for the new post-COVID era. In this period of global crisis, online learning afforded students innovative learning, where students enhanced their awareness of the significance of social presence, which was more meaningful than the dimension of instructional-cognitive presence. The significance of interpersonal interaction in teaching and learning received support, more so than ever before.
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Budiman, Arief. "KEBERADAAN KEBUTUHAN EXISTENCE, RELATEDNESS, GROWTH, DALAM VIDEO GAME HARVEST MOON BACK TO NATURE." Jurnal Bahasa Rupa 2, no. 2 (April 21, 2019): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31598/bahasarupa.v2i2.353.

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Playing video games is basically an activity where it must have an stimulus energy which is commonly referred to as motivation. Without motivation, player will not be interested in playing a video game with a long duration. The Harvest Moon Back to Nature video game as a video game that was quite successful, which made the video game a legendary video game for the audience's audience as early as 1997. It creates interest which in turn encourages researchers to know more about how motivation for human needs is presented by the Harvest Moon Back to Nature video game. This research fundamentally use interpretative analytical descriptive method with narrative approach. Using a view from ERG theory Alderfer, which according to him motivation is related to basic human needs which consist of existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs.. From the results of the research conducted using these instruments, it can be concluded that the power of motivation has been presented in the Harvest Moon Back to Nature video game from the fulfillment of existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs, both in the context events of farming, raising, and in carrying out other events.
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Budiman, Arief. "KEBERADAAN KEBUTUHAN EXISTENCE, RELATEDNESS, GROWTH, DALAM VIDEO GAME HARVEST MOON BACK TO NATURE." Brikolase : Jurnal Kajian Teori, Praktik dan Wacana Seni Budaya Rupa 11, no. 1 (November 28, 2019): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33153/brikolase.v11i1.2678.

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ABSTRACT Playing video games is basically an activity where it must have an stimulus energy which is commonly referred to as motivation. Without motivation, player will not be interested in playing a video game with a long duration. The Harvest Moon Back to Nature video game as a video game that was quite successful, which made the video game a legendary video game for the audience's audience as early as 1997. Harvest Moon Back to Nature looks so strong in representating about social life of rural communities, especially one who works as a farmer. It creates interest which in turn encourages researchers to know more about how motivation for human needs is presented by the Harvest Moon Back to Nature video game. This research fundamentally use interpretative analytical descriptive method with narrative approach. Using a view from ERG theory Clayton Alderfer, which according to him motivation is related to basic human needs which consist of existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs. In increasing one's motivation, the three basic human needs must be fulfilled wherever possible. From the results of the research conducted using these instruments, it can be concluded that the power of motivation has been presented in the Harvest Moon Back to Nature video game from the fulfillment of existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs, both in the context events of farming, raising, and in carrying out other events.Keywords : motivation, existence needs, relatedness needs, and growth needs.
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B, Enkhbayar, and Zhu Bixiang. "THE MIDDLE AND LOWER LEVEL EMPLOYEES MOTIVATION IN MONGOLIAN BANKING SECTOR." Proceedings of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, January 15, 2018, 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5564/pmas.v57i4.927.

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All organizations, whether they produce services or products have people in the process. Further, the organizations ability to have motivated employees will determine the success of failure of that organization (Bergmann & Scarpello, 2001). Here the study focuses on motivation as one of the most important factors that may contribute to employee performance has been examined in relation to banking sector in Mongolia. It will be observed in this study what is the most important factors that motivate employees are, respectively, “Existence Needs”, “Relatedness Needs” and “Growth Needs” by ERG motivation theory Alderfer. Even though the priority of these needs differ from person to person, Alderfer’s ERG theory prioritises in terms of the categories’ concreteness. The main objective of this study was to “assess the role of motivation of the middle and lower level employees” in banking sector of Mongolia. The survey was designed to get answers on what they consider the best factors that could motivate them as future employees motivation. The analysis of the results showed that job satisfaction is the most matched.
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Arnolds, C. A. "An Alderfer perspective of the higher education restructuring in South Africa." SA Journal of Industrial Psychology 31, no. 2 (October 29, 2005). http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajip.v31i2.191.

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The consequences of the restructuring of higher education in South Africa have not yet been thoroughly investigated. This study investigates the impact of the abovementioned restructuring on employee motivation (as measured by Alderfer’s ERG theory), organisational commitment and job performance. The results show that the respondents exhibit low levels of organisational commitment and low satisfaction with monetary remuneration and fringe benefits. The results, however, show high levels of satisfaction with growth factors, peer relations and performance intentions. These results are interpreted in the light of the multiple regression analyses conducted of the interrelationships among the variables. Opsomming Die nagevolge van die herkonstruksie van hër-onderwys in Suid-Afrika is nog nie deeglik ondersoek nie. Hierdie studie ondersoek die invloed wat bogenoemde rekonstruksie op die motivering (soos gemeet deur Alderfer se teorie), organisatories toegewydheid en werksprestasie van werknemers het. Die resultate toon dat die respondente lae vlakke van organisatoriese toegewydheid en lae tevredenheid ten opsigte van monetêre beloning en byvoordele tentoonstel. Die resultate toon egter hoë vlakke van tevredenheid in soverre groeifaktore, kollegiale verhoudinge en werkprestasievoornemens betref. Hierdie resultate word vertolk teen die agtergrond van veelvoudige regressie-analises wat op die inderlinge verwantskappe tussen die veranderlikes uitgevoer is.
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Alex Acquah, Takyi Kwabena Nsiah, Elizabeth Naa Akushia Antie, and Benjamin Otoo. "LITERATURE REVIEW ON THEORIES MOTIVATION." EPRA International Journal of Economic and Business Review, May 21, 2021, 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.36713/epra6848.

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People possess something that machines don’t-human spirit and inspiration. It is the spirit and inspiration that leads associates to apply their human capital to meet the goals of the organization, the human spirit is highly inspired through motivation. Motivation is essential to almost any aspect of life. Understanding job satisfaction and work motivation can be key elements to improving productivity. This paper seeks to introduce the four major need theories areas: Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, Herzberg’s Motivation Theory, Alderfer’s ERG Theory, and McClelland’s Need for Achievement Theory. It also goes further to analyze these theories bringing to the fore various similarities and differences that exist amongst them.
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Nwizia, Tordumbari, and Baribefii Nwizia. "MEDICAL ETHICAL DILEMMA AND EMPLOYEE LOYALTY IN THE PRIVATE HOSPITALS IN BORI-OGONI, RIVERS STATE." International Journal of Advanced Academic Research, April 5, 2021, 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.46654/ij.24889849.s7329.

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Abstract:
This study investigates the relationship between medical ethical dilemma and employee loyalty in the private hospitals in Bori-Ogoni, Rivers State.The study used deontological theory of ethics and Alderfer ERG theory of employee loyalty. The quasi-experimental design was used. The population of this study consists of 210 workers in private hospitals in Bori-Ogoni. The sample size of 140 was determined using Taro Yame sample size determination method. The primary data and secondary sources of data collection were used. The formulated hypotheses were tested using the Spearman Rank Oder Correlation coefficient analysis. The study revealed that is a significant relationship between medical ethical dilemma and medical decisions and employee loyalty in private hospitals in Bori- Ogoni. Therefore, we concluded that there is a strong significant relationship between medical ethical dilemma and medical decisions and employee loyalty in private hospitals in Bori- Ogoni. We also recommended that private hospitals management should strictly monitor workers medical decision making to ensure that it is in accordance with medical ethics and should also guide employees in dilemma situations in order to retain a loyal medical officer and also achieve generic goals of the organization.
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