Academic literature on the topic 'Alcoholics'

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Journal articles on the topic "Alcoholics"

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Mutuli, Lucy Amanya, Peter Bukhala, and Gordon Nguka. "Dietary Intake Patterns of Alcoholics; A Case Study of Selected Rehabilitation Centers in Kenya." International Journal of Nutrition 5, no. 4 (October 6, 2020): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-20-3377.

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Introduction Sub-optimal dietary intake patterns have a major detrimental impact on the nutritional status of an alcoholic. These patterns exacerbate the status of alcoholism and the functioning of the alcoholic’s body. Objective This study aimed to examine alcoholic’s dietary intake patterns. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 204 alcoholics undergoing alcohol rehabilitation in selected rehabilitation centers. A 24 hour food recall and food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake of the respondents. Factor analysis of food items and groups, cluster analysis of dietary intake patterns, and multivariate regressions were carried out. Results Three dietary intake patterns were identified among alcoholics namely a low calorie intake (described mainly by consumption of plant-based foods); a composite intake (distinguished by adequate consumption of both plant-based and animal-based foods) and a high calorie intake (characterized by high consumption of animal-based foods). Conclusion Optimal dietary intake promotion programs are needed to address the dietary intakes of recuperating alcoholics under rehabilitation to help prevent malnutrition and other associated comorbidities.
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Bennett, Nathan, and Linda S. Kelley. "Assessing the Acceptance of the Disease Concept of Alcoholism among Eap Practitioners." Journal of Drug Issues 17, no. 3 (July 1987): 281–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268701700305.

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In the past 20 years special interest groups have increased efforts to de-stigmatize alcoholism through improving the image of the alcoholic and medicalizing alcoholism. Among specific initiatives is the effort to implement work-based employee assistance programs (EAPs) to identify alcoholic employees through job performance decrements and guide them to appropriate treatment resources. In this analysis, two issues are examined. First, we measure the degree to which the disease model of alcoholism is accepted among those working with alcoholics in job-based programs, those variously charged with administering EAPs. Second, we measure attitudes toward the employment of recovering alcoholics in the EAP field. Results indicate that recovery from alcoholism, the role of “co-alcoholic,” and the occupational setting of the EAP administrator each affect the attitudes regarding the disease concept of alcoholism and the appropriateness of recovering alcoholics working in the EAP field.
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Amiel-Lebigre, F., M. Duyme, and S. Tordjman. "A French family study of two groups of alcoholic men." European Psychiatry 7, no. 2 (1992): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0924933800003308.

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SummaryAlcoholic and psychiatric family history were investigated in two groups of alcoholics, recruited differently, and controls. Alcoholics with or without a family history of alcoholism (AFH + and AFH − ) were compared with regard to professional qualifications, personal psychiatric history, age at onset and reasons given for becoming alcoholic. The results can be summarized as follows: the family ‘aggregate’ of alcoholism found was independent of the recruitment. This was not the case for personal psychiatric history for which a gradient was found in the two alcoholic groups. Rates of alcoholism were higher in both the first and second degree relatives. Alcoholics with AFH+ and AFH− differed significantly with regard to inducement by profession, and tended to differ as to age of onset.
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Braggio, John T., Vladimir Pishkin, Oscar A. Parsons, Steven M. Fishkin, and John R. Tassey. "Differences between Essential and Reactive Alcoholics on Tests of Neuropsychological Functioning and Affect." Psychological Reports 69, no. 3_suppl (December 1991): 1131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1991.69.3f.1131.

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This study tested the hypothesis that Essential Alcoholics ( n = 15) develop a more severe form of alcoholism than Reactive Alcoholics ( n = 12). VA alcoholic patients were classified as Essential or Reactive Alcoholics, using the Rudie-McGaughran questionnaire, and tested on four neuropsychological tests, the Neuropsychological Impairment Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, Tarter's Hyperactivity/Minimal Brain Dysfunction questionnaire, and Latcham's Measure of Antisocial Behavior. While the two groups did not differ in age, education, or Family History of alcoholism, Essential Alcoholics had an earlier age of onset and a longer chronicity of alcoholism. After analysis of covariance was used to control for group differences in age of onset and chronicity, Essential Alcoholics were still significantly higher on depression and significantly more impaired on five subtests of the Neuropsychological Impairment Scale: global measure, total items, general, learning-verbal, and frustration. Nonsignificant group differences, in the expected direction, were found for the Shipley Mental Age and Tarter's questionnaire. These results suggest that Essential Alcoholics have higher depression scores and greater impairments in neuropsychological functioning than Reactive Alcoholics.
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Grzegorzewska, Iwona, and Lidia Cierpiałkowska. "Developmental Task Attainment in Adolescents from Families with a Recovering Alcoholic or Active Alcoholic Father." Polish Psychological Bulletin 42, no. 3 (January 1, 2011): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10059-011-0013-y.

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Developmental Task Attainment in Adolescents from Families with a Recovering Alcoholic or Active Alcoholic Father The problem under consideration is the issue of adolescent developmental tasks in families with alcohol-related problems, especially in families which contain one or more treated alcoholics. In the present work it was hypothesised that the treatment of alcoholic fathers would be one of the more important protective factors in families coping with alcoholism. The participants of the study included 91 children, aged 17-18. The research sample was comprised of three groups: 31 children of active alcoholics, 30 children of treated alcoholics, and 30 children of non-alcoholic parents. In general, the results of the study highlight the roles of temperament and parenting practices in the progress of developmental tasks. The data revealed that family characteristics were correlated to the predictors of these tasks. The groups used in the study were differed according to the factors of their developmental tasks.
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Zimmerman, Jeffrey D., and Barbara R. Zeller. "Imaginal, Sensory, and Cognitive Experience in Spontaneous Recovery from Alcoholism." Psychological Reports 71, no. 3 (December 1992): 691–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.3.691.

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Although alcoholism is often regarded as an intractable disorder that requires intensive treatment, studies of the natural history of alcoholism indicate that unaided, spontaneous recovery may be the most common pathway to remission from alcoholism. Negative environmental consequences of alcoholic drinking have been invoked to explain spontaneous recovery, but a more compelling reason for sudden changes in drinking behavior concerns shifts in the personal meanings surrounding alcohol use. Extensive interviews in a multimodal format were conducted with two groups of alcoholics: one group comprised of 7 subjects who spontaneously recovered without treatment and the other group comprised of 9 people who believed formal treatment was necessary to abstain from drinking. Spontaneously recovered alcoholics reported experiencing vivid sensations and images at the time they decided to quit drinking, and they reported subsequent transformations of their personal identities. Active alcoholics reported no comparable experiences in imaginal, sensory, and cognitive modalities. Implications of the results for current alcoholism treatments are discussed.
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Roy, Alec. "Aetiology of Secondary Depression in Male Alcoholics." British Journal of Psychiatry 169, no. 6 (December 1996): 753–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.169.6.753.

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BackgroundSecondary depression is common among primary alcoholics. However, its aetiology is poorly understood.MethodForty men with primary alcoholism, abstinent for two weeks or more, with a secondary major depressive episode were compared with forty matched never-depressed primary alcoholic controls for risk factors for depression and recent life events.ResultsIn the six months before the onset of depression depressed alcoholics had experienced significantly more life events, more life events with negative impact more dependent events caused by alcohol, and more independent events. Significantly more depressed alcoholics than controls had a family history of depression, a family history of suicidal behaviour and had themselves attempted suicide.ConclusionHaving recent life events, particularly events with negative impact, and a family history of depression are risk factors for secondary depression in alcoholics.
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Bolotovsky, I. S. "The main directions of alcoholism prevention." Kazan medical journal 67, no. 5 (September 15, 1986): 385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj70723.

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The prevention of alcoholism must begin with eradicating the alcoholism that causes it, but alcoholics should not be identified with drunkards. Drunkenness is systematic, immoderate consumption of alcoholic beverages, moral and ethical promiscuity with a loss of control over one's behavior and actions with certain social consequences; alcoholism is a disease.
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Duane, P., and T. J. Peters. "Glucocorticosteroid status in chronic alcoholics with and without skeletal muscle myopathy." Clinical Science 73, no. 6 (December 1, 1987): 601–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs0730601.

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1. Chronic alcoholism is associated with a selective atrophy of type II skeletal muscle fibres. We studied the glucocorticoid status of chronic alcoholics with and without myopathy to determine if hypercortisolism is responsible for the myopathy. 2. Twenty-four hour urinary Cortisol excretion and diurnal serum Cortisol measurements were not significantly different in chronic alcoholics, with and without atrophy of type II skeletal muscle fibres. 3. Diurnal serum Cortisol variation was normal for both groups of alcoholics studied. None of the patients with myopathy had raised serum Cortisol levels. 4. We conclude that chronic alcoholic myopathy is not due to alcohol-related pseudo-Cushing's syndrome.
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D'ARGEMBEAU, ARNAUD, MARTIAL VAN DER LINDEN, PAUL VERBANCK, and XAVIER NOËL. "Autobiographical memory in non-amnesic alcohol-dependent patients." Psychological Medicine 36, no. 12 (August 29, 2006): 1707–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291706008798.

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Background. Chronic alcohol abuse is associated with a wide range of cognitive deficits. However, little is known about memory for real-life events (autobiographical memory) in non-amnesic alcoholic patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate (a) non-amnesic alcoholics' ability to recall specific autobiographical memories and (b) their subjective experience when they access specific memories.Method. Twenty non-amnesic (without Korsakoff syndrome) recently detoxified alcoholics and 20 healthy controls completed the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT), which assesses the frequency of specific (versus general) memories recalled in response to cue words, and the Memory Characteristics Questionnaire (MCQ), which assesses subjective experience (e.g. the amount of sensory and contextual details experienced) when remembering specific events.Results. Alcoholic patients recalled specific memories less frequently and general memories more frequently than healthy controls. Nevertheless, when a specific past event was accessed, alcoholic patients subjectively experienced as many sensory and contextual details as controls.Conclusions. These findings suggest that non-amnesic alcoholics have difficulties strategically accessing event-specific autobiographical knowledge, which might result from changes in frontal lobe function that are associated with alcoholism.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alcoholics"

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Boom, W. Steven. "An integrated model for understanding and treating chemical dependency." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1999. http://www.tren.com.

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Cox, Christopher William. "An approach to alcoholism for the clergy." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 1989. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p051-0023.

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Marmorstein, Jonathan. "Attributions made towards alcoholics and recovering alcoholics within employment related scenarios /." Electronic version (PDF), 2004. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2004/marmorsteinj/jonathanmarmorstein.pdf.

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Kannamthanam, Sebastian J. "A smooth transition from the "higher power" of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) to the religious spirituality of Christianity can be achieved in the lives of the recovering Catholic patients in the detoxification unit at the Serenity Hall, Bedford, by effecting a commitment to Christ and Biblical principles and principles of Catholicism." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.

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Kwon, Lauren M. "Analysis of alcoholics' problem-solving abilities and subsequent memory performance on the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure : a process approach /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p9728770.

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Westrup, Darrah. "Experiential avoidance and alcohol dependence relapse." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=868.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 1999.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 76 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-67).
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DeVilbiss, Daniel Wesley. "Using TFA Systems (tm) to assess behavior patterns of alcoholics who achieve sobriety." Diss., This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02022007-133638/.

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White, Chantal. "Wives of alcoholics : how they are perceived by alcoholism counsellors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ37311.pdf.

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Pushkarna, Suresh. "Abstinence Versus Controlled Drinking: A Critical Review." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 1985. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/RTD/id/15321.

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University of Central Florida College of Arts and Sciences Thesis
Abstinence used to be the only recommended goal for persons affected with alcohol misuse. In recent years there has been a trend to suggest controlled drinking for some alochol abusers. The comparison of abstinence versus controlled drinking indicates that controlled drinking goals have proved to be successful in a limited attempt with problem drinkers having middle income, average intelligence, stable job and adequate social support system. Severely dependent alcoholics (gamma type) have been trained in some instances to control their drinking in a laboratory environment, but their control erodes over time. The controlled drinking controversy has partly to do with different theoretical perspectives on alcoholism, but part of it has to do with the issue of territorality. What is needed at this point is an effective and thorough evaluation of a variety of alcohol-treatment programs with a variety of problem drinkers and alcoholics. In this endeavor a research design is proposed as an extension and improvement over the existing research methods on the comparative suitability of abstinence versus controlled drinking.
M.S.;
Arts and Sciences;
Psychology;
128 P.
v, 128 leaves, bound : ill. ; 28 cm.
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Dixon, Rachel J. "Lifestyle transformation an alcoholic must make to maintain sobriety and implications for AODA counselors." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998dixonr.pdf.

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Books on the topic "Alcoholics"

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Denzin, Norman K. Treating alcoholism: An Alcoholics Anonymous approach. Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications, 1987.

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Denzin, Norman K. Treating alcoholism: An Alcoholics Anonymous approach. Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications, 1987.

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Constant, Audrey. Alcoholics Anonymous. Exeter: Religious and Moral Education Press, 1986.

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Jim, Thompson. The Alcoholics. New York, NY: Vintage Books, 1993.

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Stewart, Gail B. Teen alcoholics. San Diego: Lucent Books, 2000.

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Stewart, Gail B. Teen alcoholics. San Diego: Lucent Books, 2000.

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Bufe, Charles. Alcoholics Anonymous. Chicago: See Sharp Press, 2009.

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Cook, Tim. Vagrant Alcoholics. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032616414.

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Anonymous, Alcoholics, ed. Alcoholics Anonymous big book. [San Tiego, Chile?]: Editorial Benei Noaj, 2007.

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Bill, W., and Hazelden Foundation, eds. The little red book. Center City, Minn: Hazelden, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Alcoholics"

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Levesque, Roger J. R. "Alcoholics Anonymous." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 118–19. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1695-2_490.

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O’Neill, Stephen F., and Henrietta N. Barnes. "Alcoholics Anonymous." In Alcoholism, 93–101. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4786-9_11.

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Humphreys, Keith. "Alcoholics Anonymous." In Encyclopedia of psychology, Vol. 1., 108–11. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10516-034.

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Levesque, Roger J. R. "Alcoholics Anonymous." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32132-5_490-2.

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Levesque, Roger J. R. "Alcoholics Anonymous." In Encyclopedia of Adolescence, 196–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33228-4_490.

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Walley, Joan. "Shop Fronts." In Vagrant Alcoholics, 48–78. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032616414-4.

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Cook, Tim. "Introduction." In Vagrant Alcoholics, 1–6. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032616414-1.

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Cook, Tim. "The First Phase." In Vagrant Alcoholics, 29–47. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032616414-3.

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Cook, Tim. "Concluding Considerations." In Vagrant Alcoholics, 148–79. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032616414-9.

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Cook, Tim. "Other Work of the Project." In Vagrant Alcoholics, 79–106. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032616414-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Alcoholics"

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Uvarov, S. N. "Anti-Alcohol Campaign of 1985–1988 as a Factor Demographic Processes: Analysis of Regional Historiography." In XII Ural Demographic Forum “Paradigms and models of demographic development”. Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/udf-2021-1-22.

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The article analyses the historical literature on the anti-alcohol campaign of 1985–1988 in Russian regions. It is concluded that some of the works do not consider the impact of the campaign on demographic changes, while the reduction in the volume of sales and consumption of alcoholic beverages, a decrease in the number of alcoholics, alcoholic psychosis, fight against bootlegging, alcoholic crimes are examined in detail. A decrease in mortality, an increase in the birth rate, an increase in the life expectancy of the population in the context of the fight against alcoholism are touched upon only in a number of studies (for example, in materials from Western Siberia, Udmurtia, Bashkiria). The problem is most studied in the Udmurt Republic, where the influence of the campaign on marriage and divorce was also considered. Additionally, in Udmurtia, the ethnic component of the influence of the anti-alcohol campaign on demographic processes was analysed. Therefore, it was concluded that the greatest reduction in mortality occurred among the Udmurts living in rural areas.
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Nazari Kousarrizi, Mohammad Reza, Abdolreza Asadi Ghanbari, Ali Gharaviri, Mohammad Teshnehlab, and Mahdi Aliyari. "Classification of Alcoholics and Non-Alcoholics via EEG Using SVM and Neural Networks." In 2009 3rd International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2009.5162504.

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Hwang, Chun-Ok, and Bong-Sil Choi. "Effects on Resilience of Alcoholics." In Healthcare and Nursing 2014. Science & Engineering Research Support soCiety, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14257/astl.2014.72.13.

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Kok-Meng Ong, K. H. Thung, Chong-Yaw Wee, and R. Paramesran. "Selection of a Subset of EEG Channels using PCA to classify Alcoholics and Non-alcoholics." In 2005 IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology 27th Annual Conference. IEEE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2005.1615389.

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Schumann, Andrew, and Vadim Fris. "Swarm Intelligence among Humans - The Case of Alcoholics." In 10th International Conference on Bio-inspired Systems and Signal Processing. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006106300170025.

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Sarkar, Priyanka, Mojibur Khan, and Mohan Kalita. "Exploring the core microbial commonalities of alcoholics and CRC patients’." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Microbiology. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecm2020-07139.

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Bavkar, Sandeep, Brijesh Iyer, and Shankar Deosarkar. "Detection of Alcoholics using EEG and EMD Domain Statistical Features." In 2020 International Conference on Emerging Smart Computing and Informatics (ESCI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/esci48226.2020.9167564.

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Sun, Yuge, Ning Ye, and Xinhe Xu. "EEG Analysis of Alcoholics and Controls Based on Feature Extraction." In 2006 8th international Conference on Signal Processing. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icosp.2006.344501.

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Lipinski, Stanislaw. "PERCEPTION OF PARENTAL ATTITUDES IN ADULT CHILDREN OF ALCOHOLICS (ACA)." In 5th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES and ARTS SGEM2018. STEF92 Technology, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2018/3.3/s12.065.

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Padma shri, T. K., and N. Sriraam. "EEG based detection of alcoholics using spectral entropy with neural network classifiers." In 2012 International Conference on Biomedical Engineering (ICoBE). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icobe.2012.6178961.

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Reports on the topic "Alcoholics"

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Kenkel, Don, and Ping Wang. Are Alcoholics in Bad Jobs? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6401.

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Arms, Amanda Joy. Foucault Concept Communication: An Examination of Alcoholics Anonymous. Portland State University Library, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.174.

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Knapp, James. Marital Status as a Discriminator and Treatment Variable among Female Alcoholics. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2444.

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Cochran, Lindsey. Children of Alcoholics: How Patterns and Perceptions of the Past Affect the Future. Portland State University Library, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/honors.47.

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Fryer, John. Attendance at Out-Patient Clinics as a Function of Risk Taking for Alcoholics. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1959.

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Merrill, Lex L., David A. Kobus, and Jennifer A. Rogale. An Event-Related Potential Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of U. S. Navy Alcoholics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada247680.

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Ismaiel, Abdulrahman, Oana Ciobanu, Mohamed Ismaiel, Daniel-Corneliu Leucuta, Stefan-Lucian Popa, Liliana David, Dilara Ensar, Nahlah Al Srouji, and Dan L. Dumitrascu. Atherogenic Index of Plasma in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.8.0043.

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Review question / Objective: P - Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) I - Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) C - Imaging and histopathology O - Mean difference and Area Under the Curve S - Observational studies. Condition being studied: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a common liver disease characterized by the presence of excessive fat build up within hepatocytes, in the absence of other conditions that result in hepatic steatosis and with little to no alcohol consumption. It refers to a broad range of conditions including steatosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis.
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Jin, Dachuan, Gao Peng, Shunqin Jin, Tao Zhou, Baoqiang Guo, and Guangming Li. Comparison of therapeutic effects of anti-diabetic drugs on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients without diabetes: A network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0014.

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Review question / Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of different anti-diabetic drugs in the treatment of non-diabetic non-alcoholic disease by network meta-analysis, and find the best intervention. Condition being studied: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to the disease in which the liver fat content exceeds 5%, and excludes the secondary causes of alcohol, infection, drugs or other specific metabolic diseases. As a spectrum of disorders, it includes hepatocyte steatosis and steatohepatitis at the initial stage, liver fibrosis at the later stage, cirrhosis at the final stage, and even liver cancer. Nowadays Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease in the world with an incidence rate as high as 25% which has been rising steadily worldwide in the past 30 years. Currently there are still no approved specific therapeutic agents and global treatment guidelines for NAFLD. For non-diabetic NAFLD, there is far from a consensus, too.
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Brown, Candace, Chudney Williams, Ryan Stephens, Jacqueline Sharp, Bobby Bellflower, and Martinus Zeeman. Medicated-Assisted Treatment and 12-Step Programs: Evaluating the Referral Process. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0013.

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Purpose/Background Overdose deaths in the U.S. from opioids have dramatically increased since the COVID-19 pandemic. Although medicated-assisted treatment (MAT) programs are widely available for sufferers of opiate addiction, many drop out of treatment prematurely. Twelve-step programs are considered a valuable part of treatment, but few studies have examined the effect of combining these approaches. We aimed to compare abstinence rates among patients receiving MAT who were referred to 12-step programs to those only receiving MAT. Methods In this prospective study, a cohort of participants from a MAT clinic agreeing to attend a 12-step program was compared to 15 controls selected from a database before project implementation. Eligible participants were diagnosed with OUD, receiving buprenorphine (opiate agonist), and at least 18. Participants were provided with temporary sponsors to attend Narcotics Anonymous, Alcoholics Anonymous, and Medication-Assisted Recovery meetings together. The primary endpoint was the change in positive opiate urine drug screens over 6 months between participants and controls. Results Between March 29, 2021, and April 16, 2021, 166 patients were scheduled at the clinic. Of those scheduled, 146 were established patients, and 123 were scheduled for face-to-face visits. Of these, 64 appeared for the appointment, 6 were screened, and 3 were enrolled. None of the participants attended a 12-step meeting. Enrollment barriers included excluding new patients and those attending virtual visits, the high percentage of patients who missed appointments, and lack of staff referrals. The low incidence of referrals was due to time constraints by both staff and patients. Implications for Nursing Practice Low enrollment limited our ability to determine whether combining medication management with a 12-step program improves abstinence. Failure to keep appointments is common among patients with OUD, and virtual meetings are becoming more prevalent post-COVID. Although these factors are unlikely to be controllable, developing strategies to expedite the enrollment process for staff and patients could hasten recruitment.
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Jackson, Cleora. Indian Alcoholism on Reservations. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1796.

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