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Journal articles on the topic "Alcoholic beveragesin art"
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Jan Nelken. "Ideas on counteracting alcohol and drug addiction in Poland between the two world wars." Archives of Criminology, no. XIV (April 8, 1987): 201–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.7420/ak1987f.
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The birth of the independent Poland in 1918 activated a social movement against alcoholism and drug addiction. In 1919, the Polish Society for Fighting Alcoholism ,,Trzeźwość'' ("Sobriety'') was established which operated nationwide and which in the period between the two wars became the main factor of fighting alcoholism. In the light of the Statute of "Trzeźwość" and resolutions of the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses, as well as the postulates of psychiatrists, the ideas of how to fight alcoholism included three spheres: a. anti-alcoholic legislation and its practical enforcement; b. anti-alcoholic propaganda and education; c. treatment of alcoholics. In 1919, a draft was submitted to the Diet that proposed a total prohibition of production and sale of alcoholic beverages. It was referred to a Diet commission which subsequently changed its contents. Then. The Diet passed an Act of 23 April 1920 on restrictions in sale of alcoholic beverages. The Act, based on a concept of partial prohibition. Introduced considerable restrictions in sale of beverages containing over 2.5 per cent of pure alcohol, and a total prohibition of sale of beverages with over 45 per cent alcohol. Moreover, the sale of alcohol was prohibited to workers on paydays and holidays, as well as at markets, fairs, church fairs, pilgrimages, on trains and at railway stations. According to the Act, each rural or urban commune could introduce on its territory a total prohibition of sale of alcoholic beverages by voting. The Act limited the number of places where alcohol could be sold or served to one per 2,500 of the population all over the country. A licence issued by administrative authorities was required to sell or serve alcohol. The statutory instrument to this Act created commissions for fighting alcoholism of the 1st and 2nd instances which were to supervise the compliance to the Act of 1920 and to impose penalties provided for the infringement of its provisions. The commissions consisted of representatives of the State administration and social organizations engaged in fighting alcoholism. Moreover, the Act of 2l January 1922 introduced a penalty of fine or arrest for being drunk in public. A person who brought another person to the state of intoxication was also liable to these penalties. The complete execution of the anti-alcoholic Act met with obstacles: for instance, alcohol was secretly served on the days of prohibition (e.g. during fairs). The Act of 31 July 1924 established the Polish Spirit Monopoly (P.M.S.). The production of spirit and pure vodka thus became a State monopoly' Production and sale of the P.M.S. beverages increased gradually as it constituted an important source of the State revenue. For this reason. a new anti-alcoholic Act of 21 March 1931 was passed which greatly reduced the restrictions in the sale of alcohol as compared with former regulations. A further reduction in these restrictions resulted from Acts of 1932 and 1934. The P.M.S. Board of Directors argued that a growth in production was necessary to suppress illegal distilling of alcohol the products of which were imperfectly rectified and threatened the health of the population. Instead according to the conception of "Trzeźwość’’ and other social organizations engaged in fighting alcoholism. illegal distilling of alcohol should be detected and suppresed by the police while it was in the interest of the health and morals of the population to curtail greatly the sale of alcohol and for this reason it was necessary to reintroduce the anti-alcoholic Act of 1920 However, in consideration of the State's fiscal interests. the Act was not reintroduced and the other Acts that extended the production and sale of the P.M.S. products were only replaced after World War II. According to the ideas of ,,Trzeźwość'' and other organizations fighting alcoholism, anti-alcoholic propaganda and education should be made by professionals and have a wide range, since it is impossible to fight alcoholism without informing the population of the harmful effects of alcohol. Guidelines for this activity were worked out at the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses of which there were seven in the period between the wars. Besides, in 1937 the 21st International Anti-Alcoholic Congress took place in Warsaw during which the Polish draft of an international anti-alcoholic convention was Supported. The draft provided a considerable limitation of alcohol sale, a regulation of penal liability for offences and transgressions committed in the state of intoxication, and lectures on alcohology in schools. The states signatories to the convention would be called upon to pass acts consistent with the content of the convention. The work on this draft was stopped by the outbreak of the war. The resolutions of the Polish anti-alcoholic congresses demanded lectures on alcohology in all types of schools, at teachers courses and at specialist courses for employees of various departments, the Ministry in of Communication particular. The range of alcohology taught at schools should be conformed to the type of school and the general knowledge or students. The postulate of teaching alcohology in schools was partly realized and courses were organized for railway employees by the Abstainer Railwaymen League. At the State School of Hygiene in Warsaw a several days course in alcohology was organized every year in which 200--300 persons participated, mainly teachers, physicians and clergymen of various denominations. Besides, ,,Trzeźwość'' organized travelling exhibitions that made tours of towns to show the harmful effects of alcoholism. The Abstainer Railwaymen League organized, an exhibition in a railway carriage which was visited by many thousands of persons at railway stations in different parts of the country. A lecturer on alcohology was employed to have talks during the exhibition. In early February every year a nationwide Sobriety Propagation Week was organized. Various publications were also brought out which demonstrated the harmful effects of alcohol and the ways of fighting alcoholism, both scientific and those for general use. Treatment of alcoholics was postulated; it was carried out in closed hospital wards or in out-patient clinics. The former was more effective; however it was less frequently applied as compared with the out-patient treatment since there were no provisions which would legalize compulsory treatment of alcoholics and drug addicts and it was easier to obtain the patient's consent to treatment in a clinic than in a hospital. Compulsory treatment was only possible if the court applied medical security measures in cases of offences connected with abuse of alcohol or drugs. (Art. 82 of the Penal code of 1932). The mental hygiene, movement, initiated in Poland in the early thirties, resulted in a growth in the number of clinics engaged in prevention and treatment, that is in a development of treatment of alcoholics in specialized anti-alcoholic clinics. The necessity of taking the children of alcoholics under educational and medical indicated. An important part is this field fell to social nurses attached to the clinics whose task was among other things to bring the alcoholics children to the clinic and see to their medical treatment if necessary. The organization of special schools for mentally deficient and morally neglected children, whose parents were frequently alcoholics, was also initiated. Psychiatrists demanded an elaboration and introduction of an act on compulsory treatment of alcoholics and drug addicts, organization of special wards for notorious alcoholics in mental hospitals, prolongation of treatment from 6 to 12 months (which was considered particularly necessary in the case of chronic alcoholism), a joint alcoholism and psychiatric treatment if required, in the case of alcohol psychosis in particular, and check-up of the cured alcoholics and drug addicts. In Poland drug addiction has never reached the proportions of alcoholism. Its most frequent forms were morphinism and cocainism. Its fighting was facilitated by the passing of an Act of June 23, 1923 which prohibited production, processing, export. import. storage of and any trade in all drugs. For infringement of the Act, penalties of fine and up to 5 years deprivation of liberty were provided. However, there was no act to legalize compulsory treatment of drug addicts. They could only be treated in closed hospital wards since in the case of drug addiction, out-patient treatment was considered to be ineffective. In 1931, the Polish Committee for Drugs and Prevention of Drug Addiction was set up as, an advisory body attached to the Minister of Health and Social Welfare, which consisted mainly of physicians and chemists. In order to fight drug addiction effectively, increased detection of export and sale of drugs was postulated as well as supervision of prescriptions and of obtaining drugs on prescription at chemist's. Chemists were compelled to keep a special book of in- and out-goings of drugs which could only be sold on prescription for therapeutical purposes. Attenton was drawn to the necessity of an instruction, to be passed by the Minister of Internal Affairs, according to which the production of doctors seals and forms would only be possible on presentation of the identity card, since drug addicts used to order seals and forms bearing names of famous practitioners. Medical check-up of released prisoners who had been cured of drug addiction when serving their sentences was also postulated. In consequence of the spread of ether drinking in the Upper Silesia in 1936, a wide-range operation was carried out which consisted in a vigorous fight against smuggling and sale of ether (which was mainly smuggled from Germany) and in informing the population as to the harmful effects of ether drinking.
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Comper, Emily, Adriana Macena, Laerson Andrade, Marluce Siqueira, and Flávia Portugal. "Suicide among Alcoholics in an Outpatient Service." International Journal of Psychology and Neuroscience 8, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.56769/ijpn08204.
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Alcoholism is a growing problem throughout Brazil, consumption excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages generates physical, psychological, family and professionals. Among the mental disorders caused by alcoholism, depression and the suicide attempt. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 300 Millions of people live with depression. For alcoholic patients, the presence of symptoms depression is a risk factor for relapse. Suicide is one of the leading causes of death violence all over the world. Alcohol-dependent individuals are at greater risk of trying to suicide, as well as for the consummation of the act. Objective: To identify the presence of depression, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt in alcoholics treated at an outpatient service. Method: This is a cross-sectional study carried out in an outpatient service of a university hospital. Users attended from June 2016 to June 2017 were surveyed. Inclusion criteria: users diagnosed with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome [SDA]. Data were obtained through analysis of medical records. Statistical analysis was performed by selecting the following variables: sex, age, marital status, education, city, religion, profession, living with the family, suicide attempt, suicidal ideation and depression. Results: Of the 139 medical records selected, 31 users (22.3%) had suicidal ideation, 14 (10.1%) had attempted suicide and 27 (19.4%) had a diagnosis of depression. A greater association of women with suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and depression was found. People up to 50 years old were more likely to attempt suicide and individuals with higher education are more likely to attempt suicide and depression. Conclusion: Alcoholism is closely related to suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and depression. In this context, the present study made it possible to identify the presence of these symptoms in alcoholics treated at an outpatient service. Keywords: Alcoholism, Suicide, Depression.
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R.A.N., Rani,, and Hemavathy, V. "Coping Strategies To Promote Self Esteem In Alcoholism." CARDIOMETRY, no. 24 (November 30, 2022): 960–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2022.24.960964.
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The intake of alcoholic beverages is a huge social issue. Worldwide, an estimated 2.3 billion individuals consume alcohol, with an average daily consumption of 33 grammes of pure alcohol. Self-esteem is a measure of one’s self-awareness and sense of personal worth. The process of behaving and then thinking about acts, as well as how others interpret actions, shapes one’s self-perception. Self-esteem refers to how we feel about ourselves and how much we regard ourselves. Alcoholism has far-reaching consequences and might result in mental health issues. One of the most typical effects found in alcoholics is the development of poor self-esteem. This term refers to a person’s total subjective sentiments of personal worth and value. It has a wide range of effects. It has an impact on a variety aspect of life, including substance abuse and recovery. The majority of alcoholics have a low sense of self-esteem. They have struggled to cope with their lives and frequently have significant emotional, family, social, and occupational issues, as well as financial, legal, and sexual issues. Coping is frequently studied in terms of its potential to reduce negative consequences. Coping skills can also help you achieve more favourable results.
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Wagner, Eileen N. "The alcoholic beverages labeling act of 1988." Journal of Legal Medicine 12, no. 2 (June 1991): 167–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01947649109510850.
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Carneiro, Élida Mara, Helia Morais Nomelini de Assis, Livia Figueira Avezum Oliveira, Maria de Fátima Borges, Maria de Fátima Borges, Naruna Pereira Rocha, and Raquel Afonso Oliveira. "Alchool use, adherence to antiretroviral treatment, immunological and virological parameters, surviral and religiosity/spirituality among persons living with HIV - over 4 Years." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 16 (December 16, 2022): e526111637992. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i16.37992.
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Religiosity and spirituality have been associated with healthier behaviors and less depression in people living with HIV (PLWH) who attend monthly religious services. However, studies evaluating hospitalized patients and follow-up adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) are lacking. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of religiosity/spirituality on alcohol and substance use, depression, ART, immunological and virological parameters, hospitalizations, hospital costs, and survival among 84 PLWH hospitalized. Cohort with a follow-up of 4 years. The findings of this study show that patients with less use of alcoholic beverages are more likely to practice individual religious activities. Higher CD4 cell counts, lower viral load counts during hospitalization, better adherence to ART, and lower mortality over 4 years are associated high intrinsic religiosity in PLWH. Practice individual religious activities are associated with less use of alcoholic beverages, and spirituality with better adherence to ART, and lower mortality. In view of the benefits shown in this study and the literature, spiritual complementary approaches should be encouraged in hospitals and health institutions as an integrative approach to health.
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Nwalieji Okafor, Vincent, Daniel Omeodisemi Omokpariola, Matthew Onyema Agu, Collins Chibuzor Odidika, Chiamaka Valerine Okabekwa, Lilian Chiamaka Ogbuo, and Mary Cynthia Chizoba Obiatuegwu. "Assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in alcoholic beverages consumed in Awka, Southeast Nigeria." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia 37, no. 4 (May 12, 2023): 805–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.1.
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ABSTRACT. The aim of this investigation was to assess the presence of 16 PAHs (naphthalene, acenaphthylene, acenaphthene, fluorene, anthracene, phenanthrene fluoranthene, benz[a]anthracene, pyrene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene, dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, benzo[ghi]perylene, and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene with symbols Nap, Ace, Ane, Flu, Ant, Phe, Flt, BaA, Pyr, Chr, BbF, BkF, BaP, DahA, BghiP and InP, respectively) in alcoholic beverages consumed in Awka, Southeast Nigeria. The samples used were sourced from international, national, and local-based alcoholic beverages sold in Nigeria, which were analysed for the 16 priority PAHs components using gas chromatography-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) in order to quantify and offer advice to the public on the health implications of consuming these alcoholic beverages. The results show the absence of all the PAHs in all the alcoholic beverages, which could be due to lower temperature and shorter production duration utilized in the production process. This is because during the intense heating of raw materials or additives, PAHs are released. Therefore, the consumption of these alcoholic beverages is safe for consumers and poses no health risk that is detrimental to adults or children. As such, further research into other micropollutants and toxins is advocated to maintain current good manufacturing practices for quality.
KEY WORDS: Alcoholic beverages, Food analysis, Public health, PAHs, GC-FID, Southeast Nigeria
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 805-815.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.1
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Popovicova, M., J. Sulcova, and R. Barta. "Alcoholism – Epidemic of the Current Time after COVID-19 Pandemic (Letter to the Editor)." Clinical Social Work and Health Intervention 13, no. 6 (November 30, 2022): 8–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.22359/cswhi_13_6_02.
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Introduction: Harmful consumption of alcohol has a serious impact on public health and is considered as one of the main risk factors for health damage and disease on a global level. Increased consumption of alcohol is dangerous at any age; however, a greater risk has been shown at younger age. For this reason, our research has been focused on the consumption of alcoholic beverages among adolescents. Objective: We investigated the attitudes of students in relation to alcohol consumption. Material and methodology: To obtain necessary information, we used existing available professional literature and a non-standardized questionnaire. For the defined research goal, we included in the research group older elementary school students and high school students. 272 respondents took overall part in the research. To test the hypotheses, we used Pearson's chi-square test of independence, Student's t-test and one-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA test - non-parametric version). Results: The results showed significant differences in alcohol consumption between smokers and non-smokers of elementary school students and high school students. In the observed group, today's generation of young people and teenagers have almost equal experiences with alcohol, whereas boys have a slightly higher drinking frequency. We also confirmed the connection between the frequency of consumption of alcoholic beverages and smoking. Regarding prevention, girls perceive a higher prevention than boys, but the subjective rate of alcoholism prevention importance is not age related. Conclusion: Of all the negative phenomena of modern human society, alcoholism is the most dangerous, due to its massive distribution. Therefore, prevention at primary level is to be taken seriously, which emphasizes a controlled consumption of alcohol. Considering the unfavorable statistical indicators of the increased alcohol consumption, especially in case of women, it is necessary to create long-term selective preventive programs.
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Lee, Hwa-Seon. "The alcoholic beverages of the royal banquet and Gyobang of the Joseon Dynasty." Korean Society of Gyobang and Culture 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2023): 9–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.58936/gcr.2023.6.3.1.9.
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The purpose of this thesis is to examine alcoholic beverages and its brewing method, which are the main components of the banquets of the royal court and Gyobang during the Joseon Dynasty. As a research method for this purpose, the aspects of alcoholic beverages and folklore shown in court banquets were compared and analyzed through a classic cooking book of the Joseon Dynasty. Among the subjects of the study, ‘Soju’, which was used at the 60th birthday party of Hyegyeonggung Hong during the reign of King Jeongjo, as the alcoholic beverage that appeared in the royal banquet, and makgeolli in the Yeongnam region were examined as alcoholic beverage that appeared in the table setting of the Gyobang banquet. In particular, in the course of the research, it was revealed that the alcoholic beverage called ‘Hyangonju’, which has been handed down in the private sector, was derived from the common noun ‘Hyangon’, which means the alcoholic beverage that the king gave in the royal court.
On the other hand, before and after 1910, Gyobang's artistic culture led to the ‘Gisaeng association’ and ‘Gwonbeon’, and the aspects of alcohol that appeared in Gyobang's food culture were examined, focusing on Gyeongnam-affiliated newspapers and magazines, with examples of synthetic sake and beer advertisements in the Jinju region. It is a representative center of Gyobang art and culture, and it has been called ‘Pyongyang in the north and Jinju in the south’.
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Rukmono, Bambang Sugeng, Rian Saputra, Pujiyono Suwadi, Narendra Jatna, and Joko Probowinarto. "Arrangement Registration of Geographical Indications of Traditional Alcoholic Beverages in Indonesia Based Multiculturalism." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 17, no. 6 (July 7, 2023): e03253. http://dx.doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n6-001.
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Purpose: The purpose of this article is to provide an avenue for the regulatory model of GI registration in traditional alcoholic beverage products based on multiculturalism. Method: This study is a normative legal study that employs a comparative legal approach, with Malaysia and Turkey serving as comparison material. Results and conclusion: The findings revealed that Indonesia, as a state and nation, has a diverse population, ethnicities, and cultures, all of which have different values and norm systems. The prohibition of traditional alcoholic beverages from being protected under the GI regime undoubtedly has an economic impact on these communities. This must be addressed as soon as possible. In this article, the author provides a regulatory model that exemplifies the Malaysian state as stipulated in the Malaysian Geographical Indication Act 2000, so that traditional Indonesian alcoholic beverages can be protected through the GI regime by revising Article 56 paragraph 1 letter an of Law 20/2016 to be a registration of GI products acceptable as long as they meet the requirements “not contrary to public order or morality”. Research implications: This has implications for a variety of traditional Indonesian alcoholic beverages that are not protected under the GI regime. Examining traditional alcoholic beverages is a sensitive and contentious issue, given that alcoholic beverages, whether traditional or non-traditional, are classified as illegitimate in Indonesia, a country with a Muslim majority population. Originality/value: The first affirms the respect for cultural identity and the state's right to ensure society's freedom in maintaining and developing its cultural values in the midst of the country's efforts to advance national culture in the midst of world civilization.”
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Cravero, Maria Carla, Monica Laureati, Sara Spinelli, Federica Bonello, Erminio Monteleone, Cristina Proserpio, Maria Rosa Lottero, Ella Pagliarini, and Caterina Dinnella. "Profiling Individual Differences in Alcoholic Beverage Preference and Consumption: New Insights from a Large-Scale Study." Foods 9, no. 8 (August 17, 2020): 1131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9081131.
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Alcoholic beverage consumption plays an important role in European culture, and in many contexts drinking alcohol is socially acceptable and considered part of the diet. Understanding the determinants of alcohol preference and consumption is important not only for disease prevention, intervention, and policy management, but also for market segmentation, product development, and optimization. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of individual responsiveness to various oral sensations on self-reported liking and intake of 14 alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages (including beers, wines, spirits, and cocktails) considering gender, age, and oral responsiveness (measured through response to 6-n-propyl-2-thiouracil -PROP, basic tastes, astringency, and pungency) in a large sample of Italian consumers. Data were collected from 2388 respondents (age range 18–60 years; mean age = 37.6, SD = 13.1; 58.2% women). These results indicate that notwithstanding the strong gender difference, with women generally liking and consuming fewer alcoholic beverages than men, liking patterns in the two genders were similar. Three liking patterns for different alcoholic beverages largely driven by orosensory properties were identified in both genders. “Spirit-lovers” constituted the smallest group (12%), consumed alcoholic beverages of any kind (not only spirits) more than the other segments, and were mainly men aged 30–45. “Beer/wine lovers” (44%) were the oldest group with no difference by gender. “Mild-drink lovers” (44%) liked alcoholic drinks with intense sweet taste and/or mixers that moderate ethanol perception. They were mainly women, aged 18–29, had a lower consumption of alcohol, and a higher orosensory responsiveness than the other two groups. The results also suggest the opportunity to develop personalized recommendations towards specific consumer segments based not only on socio-demographics but considering also perceptive variables. Finally, our data suggest that increased burning and bitterness from alcohol may act as a sensory hindrance to alcoholic beverage overconsumption.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alcoholic beveragesin art"
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Blackledge, Sabrina M. "Examination of a Bi-Directional Relationship between Urgency and Alcohol Use." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1062871/.
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The proposed study examined whether negative urgency and positive urgency are dynamic traits that hold bi-directional relationships with binge and prolonged alcohol use across time. Individuals between the ages of 18-30 were recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk; n = 179) and university student (n = 66) pools. Participants completed three batteries of self-report assessments approximately 30 days apart, each containing measures assessing negative and positive urgency, as well as drinking frequency and binge behavior during the prior month. Latent variable cross-lagged panel models examined the effects of alcohol use from the previous month on negative and positive urgency while controlling for concurrent and autoregressive effects. Results of the current study indicated that for the full sample, there was not an effect for the influence of binge/prolonged drinking on either negative or positive urgency during the subsequent month. However, when examined separately by sample (Turkers vs. university) and gender (male vs. female), significant effects were found more for individuals who were Turkers, male, and/or heavy drinkers, suggesting that increases in positive and negative urgency at Time 2 could be partially explained by variance in drinking patterns at Time 1 for these individuals. However, these relationships were not replicated again between Time 2 and Time 3 due to a decrease in all drinking behaviors during these times. Lastly, the study found that while urgency scores were related to psychosocial problems and dependence symptoms associated with drinking, there was no evidence to support that urgency scores had substantial relationships to specific frequency and/or bingeing behavior across the overall sample, although positive urgency had support for a relationship with bingeing, particularly among heavily drinking men. Thus, while the primary findings did not indicate any effects for a general sample of young adults, the effects observed among heavy male drinkers in the present study add to a growing body of literature indicating potential for interactive effects among personality, environmental, and sociobiological factors across the trajectory of the human lifespan. Future research that continues to examine urgency and how it relates to alcohol use in longitudinal contexts, utilizing diverse samples, is warranted.
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San, Roque Craig Mumford Sally. "Intoxication : 'facts about the black snake, songs about the cure' : an exploration in inter cultural communication through the Sugarman Project /." View thesis, 1998. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20031125.132446/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1998.At foot of title: Its origins, development, rationale and implications with performance script, performance video, reviews, evaluation and potential as a therapeutic paradigm considered. "Offered in submission for a Doctorate of Philosophy in the School of Social Ecology, University of Western Sydney" Bibliography : leaves 268-275.
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Fogarty, James. "Wine investment, pricing and substitutes /." Connect to this title, 2005. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0048.
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Fogarty, James. "Wine investment, pricing and substitutes." University of Western Australia. School of Economics and Commerce, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0048.
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[Truncated abstract] This thesis consists of six chapters, and the main research contributions are contained in chapters two through five inclusive. The topics addressed in each chapter are distinct, but related, and the specific contributions to knowledge made by the different chapters are related to: (i) understanding more fully the nature of the demand for alcohol; (ii) explaining the relationship between reputation characteristics and consumers’ willingness to pay for wine; (iii) estimating the rate of return to Australian wine; and (iv) using financial analysis to reveal the risk diversification benefits available by including wine in an investment portfolio. The details of each contribution are briefly outlined below. Chapter 2 discusses the nature of the demand for alcohol. The demand for alcoholic beverages is an area much studied, and there are numerous studies estimating the own-price elasticity of alcoholic beverages. A review of relevant published studies indicates reported: beer own-price elasticity estimates range from -.02 to -3.00, with a mean estimate value of -.46, and standard deviation of -.41 (n = 139); wine own-price elasticity estimates range from -.05 to -3.00, with a mean estimate value of -.72, and standard deviation of .53 (n = 140); and spirits own-price elasticity estimates range from -.01 to -2.18, with a mean estimate value of -.74, and standard deviation of .47 (n = 136). Chapter 2 contributes to understanding the demand for alcohol, not by adding yet another set of elasticity estimates to an already substantial literature, but by providing a framework through which all known own-price elasticity estimates can be understood. Specifically, a meta-regression framework is employed to study previously published own-price elasticity estimates. This framework allows the effect of model design attributes to be isolated, and the underlying trend in consumer responses to price changes to be identified.
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Alexander, Nevil. "The more we sell the happier we are: Comparison of responsible alcohol service in trained and untrained establishments in Perth." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2005. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1572.
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This research investigated whether training licensees and approved managers of Perth pubs and taverns resulted in more Responsible Alcohol Service (RAS). Specifically it investigated whether apparently intoxicated customers were refused service. Trained and untrained premises were compared using two methods. Quantitative data was gathered by observers posing as intoxicated customers (pseudo-drunks) while qualitative data was collected during interviews with management, staff, and patrons of trained and untrained premises. No significant difference in the service of alcohol to intoxicated patrons in trained or untrained premises was found. The interviews revealed no distinction between the attitudes and beliefs of management, staff, or patrons of trained or untrained outlets. A majority of management and staff was aware of laws prohibiting service of alcohol to intoxicated people but acknowledged that in many instances intoxicated customers continue to be served. A number of reasons or excuses were proffered. One frequently cited excuse was "if we don't serve drunks someone else will, so why shouldn't we profit from them?" Communities incur considerable costs in both financial and social contexts from the harms associated with excessive alcohol consumption. One means of reducing the severity and frequency of these harms is to limit the consumption of individuals during drinking sessions. Licensed premises have been identified as having a significant role to play in achieving this outcome. The director of liquor licensing in Western Australia has mandated Responsible Alcohol Service training for licensees and approved managers. This research studied the efficacy of the training. While the importance of enlisting the help of management in attempts to introduce RAS programmes has been identified in previous research, this is the first time the efficacy of training management alone has been studied. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge of what works in a practical sense by identifying perceived shortcomings of the current training programs and suggesting remedies to those shortcomings. It makes recommendations for future research which will contribute to a deeper understanding of the problem.
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Short, John Rollin. "The Influence of Social and Cultural Factors on Alcohol Use and Abuse among a Sample of Young Males in the Army." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1011862/.
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The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand the social, cultural, and structural factors that contribute to or inhibit alcohol use and abuse in the Army among young males, unmarried or married without a present spouse. Seventeeen single, or separated, young male soldiers stationed at Fort Bragg Army Base were interviewed to provide insight into the research questions. Soldiers were largely located through face-to-face canvassing. The interviews, which lasted from 45 to 90 minutes, took place face-to-face and were then transcribed. Interviews were analyzed using grounded theory approach by locating patterns, themes and relationships to come to generalizations. The themes that emerged from the interviews include: 1) stresses of army work/life; 2) social/entertainment use; 3) tradition/brotherhood/entitlement; 4) fear/consequences; 5) impressionable youth; 6) treatment. While the themes which emerged were reported in discrete terms, there was overlap in them. The functional aspect of alcohol use to these soldiers mixed with the impact of social interaction influencing their use served to encourage and further the use of alcohol. The drinking patterns of young male soldiers can be seen to exist on a continuum of either social integration or social stress, in line with Durkheim's conception of suicide, with the existence of being on either end of these continuums leading to excessive alcohol use. The findings confirm Durkheim's conception of social order in leading to unhealthy responses and indicate the Army needs to address the role and impact of the greater social environment in leading to alcohol misuse among young male soldiers.
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Levitt, Danielle E. "Resistance Exercise and Alcohol: Combined Effects on Physiology and Performance." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248374/.
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Resistance exercise (RE) training is a well-known and effective method for promoting increases in muscle mass and strength. A single bout of RE induces physiological disturbances that require coordinated activation of the immune system and intramuscular signaling in order to return the tissue to homeostasis and adapt to the RE challenge. On the other hand, acute binge alcohol consumption can affect the immune response to an inflammatory challenge, intramuscular anabolic signaling, and muscle protein synthesis, and the effects of alcohol on these processes are opposite that of RE. Furthermore, individuals who report more frequent exercise also report a greater frequency of binge drinking. However, few investigations exist regarding the effects of binge alcohol consumed after a bout of RE on RE-induced physiological changes and performance recovery. Therefore, the overarching purpose of the investigations contained within this dissertation was to investigate the effect of alcohol consumed after RE on the RE-induced changes in mTOR pathway signaling, muscle protein synthesis, inflammatory capacity, strength recovery, and power recovery. Although RE increased mTOR pathway signaling and inflammatory capacity after exercise and reduced maximal strength and explosive power the day after exercise, we observed no effects of alcohol (1.09 g ethanol∙kg-1 lean body mass, designed to result in a peak blood alcohol concentration of approximately 0.12 g∙dl-1) consumed after RE on mTOR pathway signaling, 24-hour rates of muscle protein synthesis, inflammatory capacity, or strength and power recovery in resistance-trained individuals.
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Falla, Karen M. "Alcohol Use, Violence, and Psychological Abuse in Intimate Relationships." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279331/.
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Women in distressed relationships who had sustained severe psychological abuse and either no, moderate, or severe violence from their partner were included (N = 93). Men's and women's alcohol use did not differ with level of violence. Different patterns were found in the moderate violence group regarding women's beliefs about their partner's substance problem, men's psychological abuse, and the relationship of men's and women's quantity of alcohol use and times intoxicated. Uncertainty resulting from moderate violence may strengthen the emotional impact of psychological abuse. Even when psychological abuse is exacerbated by violence, women may use active coping techniques rather than drinking to cope with abusive relationships. The findings suggest that an inordinate focus on alcohol abuse may be ineffective in combating the problem of domestic violence.
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Zilkens, Renate Ruth. "The effect of alcohol and beverage type on cardiovascular disease risk factors." University of Western Australia. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0053.
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[Formulae and special characters can only be approximated here. Please see the pdf version of the abstract for an accurate reproduction.] Two randomised controlled trials were conducted to explore the relationship between the consumption of alcoholic beverages and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Study 1 was primarily designed to test the hypothesis that the cardio-protective effect of light alcohol could be mediated, in part, via improvements in endothelial function. Study 1 was also designed to explore the effect of alcohol on both traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as changes in lipid profile, haemostatic factors and blood pressure, and novel risk factors such as homocysteine, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress. The experimental design of this study also allowed us to determine whether reducing alcohol intake in these moderate-to-heavy drinkers could improvement insulin sensitivity, a component of the metabolic syndrome. In this group of sixteen healthy middle-aged men with a history of moderate to heavy alcohol intake of seven standard drinks per day, reducing intake down to approximately one standard drink per day for four weeks had no beneficial effects on conduit vessel endothelial function as assessed by post-ischaemic brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation, nor were there any detectable changes in soluble E-selectin, endothelin-1 and von Willebrand Factor, which are considered biomarkers of endothelial activation. As this study did not investigate the effect of alcohol on endothelial function in resistance vessels, it cannot exclude the possibility that alcohol may affect endothelial cells resident in that vascular bed. This study does show and confirm, however, that the relationship between alcohol and risk factors for cardiovascular disease is an extremely complex one. On the one hand it demonstrated that alcohol was potentially harmful, increasing blood pressure, plasma F2-isoprostane (oxidative stress), and homocysteine. On the other hand it showed that increasing alcohol intake led to significant reductions in two (i.e. fibrinogen and IL-6) of five inflammatory markers, in addition to improving the HDL-cholesterol profile of these subjects. Although the effects of alcohol on blood pressure, fibrinogen and HDL-cholesterol are not in themselves new, they support our choice of study design and strengthen the argument in favour of accepting the more novel findings of this study, specifically, the lack of effect on endothelial function and insulin sensitivity, and the harmful effect of alcohol in increasing oxidative stress and homocysteine. Study 2 was primarily designed to test the hypothesis that the consumption of red wine may confer greater cardio-protection than beer via improvements in endothelial function. Simultaneously, the study was also designed to determine whether drinking red wine for 4-weeks would have different effects than beer on either traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (i.e. blood pressure and lipid profile) or the more novel risk factors, homocysteine and oxidative stress. Using a randomised controlled cross-over study design, Study 2 provides evidence that the regular daily consumption of 4 standard drinks of either beer or red wine does not alter endothelial function, as measured by post-ischaemic flow-mediated vasodilatation of the brachial artery in healthy middle-aged men, nor was there evidence of any beneficial effect of de-alcoholised red wine on brachial artery response. As compliance with drinking protocol was confirmed with increased serum γ-GT and HDL during red wine and beer periods, and increased 24-hr urinary excretion of 4OMGA during red wine and de-alcoholised red wine periods, we are confident that there was excellent compliance with the beverage treatments. Study 2 also provides the first evidence from a carefully controlled intervention study that both red wine and beer elevate blood pressure to a similar degree, with no detectable difference in the magnitude of either treatment. As with endothelial function, there was also no evidence of any beneficial effect of de-alcoholised red wine on blood pressure. In addition, although post hoc analysis found evidence that alcohol increased both plasma homocysteine and urinary excretion of F2-isoprostane and endothelin-1, there was no apparent protective effect conferred from either red wine or de-alcoholised red wine on these cardiovascular risk markers. The results from this study cannot disprove the hypothesis that red wine is more beneficial for cardiovascular health; however, they suggest that if red wine has properties beyond those of beer to confer protection, they are not via any interactions with the nitric oxide regulatory function of the endothelium in conduit vessels nor are they via moderation of the vasopressor, homocysteine-raising, and oxidative stress effects of alcohol. The interpretation of the findings from both intervention studies and their place in the context of our current understanding of the role that alcoholic beverages play in the development and/or prevention of cardiovascular disease are explored in this thesis.
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Reznicek, Pavla. "Last call revisited : the balancing act of controlled drinking /." 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ99226.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2004. Graduate Programme in Psychology.Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 191-208). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNQ99226
Books on the topic "Alcoholic beveragesin art"
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1900-1983, Buñuel Luis, and Wiener Secession, eds. Drinks. Wien: Secession, 2016.
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John, Michael. The art of moderation: An alternative to alcoholism. Mill Valley, Calif: Vision Books International, 1999.
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The art of drinking. Antwerp, Belgium: Tectum, 2012.
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Jenny, Williams. Are there differential effects of price and policy on college students' drinking intensity? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2002.
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McFarland, Ben. The thinking drinker's guide to alcohol: A cocktail of amusing anecdotes and opinion on the art of imbibing. New York: Sterling Epicure, 2014.
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United, States Congress Senate Committee on Commerce Science and Transportation Subcommittee on the Consumer. Alcohol Beverage Advertising Act, S. 664: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Consumer of the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, second session, April 2, 1992. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1992.
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Cook, Philip J. Are alcohol excise taxes good for us?: Short and long-term effects on mortality rates. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.
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California. Legislature. Senate. Committee on Governmental Organization. Flavored malt beverages: Are they beer or distilled spirits? Sacramento, CA: Senate Publications & Flags, 2006.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. S. 674, the Sensible Advertising and Family Education Act: Hearing before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, May 13, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1993.
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M.a.x. museo (Chiasso, Switzerland), ed. La grafica per l'aperitivo: Trasformazioni del brindisi : storie di vetro e di carta = Graphic design of the aperitif : the evolution of the sociable drinking : stories of glass and paper. Cinisello Balsamo, Milano: Silvana editoriale, 2015.
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Rimm, Eric, and Norman J. Temple. "What Are the Health Implications of Alcohol Consumption?" In Beverages in Nutrition and Health, 21–30. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-415-3_2.
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Bender, David A., and Arnold E. Bender. "Alcohol and alcoholic beverages." In Nutrition a reference handbook, 148–58. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192623683.003.0009.
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Abstract Alcoholic beverages, made by fermenting fruit juices, sugars and other fermentable carbohydrates with yeast to form alcohol, have a long history, and are widely consumed in most countries, except where religious observance prohibits their consumption. Moderate consumption of alcohol is associated with lower mortality from cardiovascular disease, but persistent heavy consumption is associated with physiological addiction-alcoholism. In addition to the addiction, there may be damage to the liver (cirrhosis), stomach (gastritis) and pancreas (pancreatitis), as well as behavioural changes and peripheral nerve damage. Both general malnutrition and more specifically deficiency of thiamin (see section 17.5.5), niacin (see section 19.5), and zinc (see section 25.26.2) are associated with alcoholism.
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Babor, Thomas, Raul Caetano, Sally Casswell, Griffith Edwards, Norman Giesbrecht, Kathryn Graham, Joel Grube, et al. "Alcohol: no ordinary commodity." In Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity, 15–30. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192632616.003.0002.
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Abstract Alcohol has multiple functions in any society. Alcoholic beverages have important cultural and symbolic meanings. They are commodities that are bought and sold in the marketplace. And alcohol is a drug with toxic effects and other intrinsic dangers such as intoxication and dependence. This chapter examines these different functions, paying special attention to the contrast between alcohol’s role as a commodity and as a drug. An understanding of this contrast is essential to the book’s central purpose.
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Babor, Thomas F., Sally Casswell, Kathryn Graham, Taisia Huckle, Michael Livingston, Esa Österberg, Jürgen Rehm, Robin Room, Ingeborg Rossow, and Bundit Sornpaisarn. "Alcohol: no ordinary commodity." In Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity, 13—C2.P77. 3rd ed. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192844484.003.0002.
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Abstract Beer, wine, and distilled spirits are alcohol-based commodities that are bought and sold in the marketplace. But alcohol is also a drug with toxic effects and other intrinsic dangers such as intoxication and dependence. This chapter examines these different aspects of alcoholic beverages, paying special attention to the contrast between alcohol’s dual role as a commodity and as a drug. Alcohol exacts enormous costs, both financial and personal, not only from individual drinkers, but also from the people and institutions that surround them. Like tobacco and other harmful commodities, alcohol has the potential to cause harm in multiple ways.
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Patel, Vinood B., and Victor R. Preedy. "Alcohol metabolism: implications for nutrition and health." In Human Nutrition. Oxford University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hesc/9780198866657.003.0012.
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This chapter considers implications for nutrition and health in relation to alcohol metabolism. It shows how individuals will have a preference for consuming different types of alcoholic beverages, referencing some communities that forbid alcohol consumption on religious, cultural, or moral grounds. Acute and chronic consumption of alcohol may cause malnutrition or act as a toxin and induce pathological changes in a variety of organs and tissues. The chapter provides an overview into how alcohol damages virtually all organs in the body before detailing the principal nutritional deficiencies related to alcoholism. It looks into the causes associated with drinking in low socioeconomic status groups, and government policies to minimize alcohol consumption.
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Adkison, Danny M., and Lisa McNair Palmer. "Alcoholic Beverage Laws and Enforcement." In The Oklahoma State Constitution, 345–54. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197514818.003.0037.
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This chapter looks at Article XXVIII-A of the Oklahoma constitution, which greatly loosens Oklahoma’s previously tight, conservative grip on the use and distribution of alcoholic beverages. Section 1 sets out the definition of alcohol in a self-explanatory way: “All beverages that contain alcohol, unless otherwise defined by law, shall be considered alcoholic beverages by this state and therefore governed by this Article and all other applicable laws.” Section 2 states that “the Legislature shall enact laws providing for the strict regulation, control, licensing and taxation of the manufacture, sale, distribution, possession, transportation and consumption of alcoholic beverages, consistent with the provisions of this Article.” Under the old law, Oklahoma citizens could not receive direct shipments of wine; this change in law allows the legislature to authorize direct shipments to consumers of wine. Additionally, grocery stores and other retail locations are allowed to sell wine and beer under this article, which previously was not the case. Section 3 directs the legislature to create licenses for the sale of alcoholic beverages to consumers for consumption off the premises. However, Section 5 prohibits the sale of alcoholic beverage to a person under twenty-one years of age, and to insane, mentally deficient, or intoxicated persons. Section 7 deals with the taxation of alcoholic beverages
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Yeh, Eng Kung, and Ha1 Gwo Hwu. "Alcoholism in Taiwan Chinese Communities." In Alcoholism in North America, Europe, and Asia, 214–46. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195050905.003.0013.
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Abstract Alcoholism among the Chinese has been reported to be rare and there have been few prevalence studies in community populations. An epidemiological study conducted from 1946 to 1948 has so far been the only available survey of the Taiwan Chinese population in the literature. Only two cases of alcoholism (0.01%) were identified in that study (Lin, 1953). This finding has been supported by the infrequency of alcoholic cases seen in psychiatric clinical settings. The rarity of alcoholism among the Chinese has been explained from a biological point of view: that the Chinese are highly sensitive to alcohol and have low tolerance (Ewing, 1974; Wolff, 1972); and from a sociocultural point of view: that the Chinese generally drink only with meals and on ceremonial occasions, that alcohol-induced behavior is rejected by the Chinese, and that the absence of popular drinking places (such as taverns or bars) discourages the regular and excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages (Hsu, 1955; Singer, 1972). Similar suggestions were made in a survey of Chinatown in San Francisco (Chu, 1972). More recently in a report of the mainland Chinese, also a low-risk population for alcoholism, Lin and Lin have proposed a “substitution hypothesis:” that gambling and narcotic addiction might play important roles as substitutes for other psychosocial pathology among the Chinese (Lin & Lin, 1982).
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Dietler, Michael. "Alcohol as Embodied Material Culture." In Alcohol and Humans, 115–29. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842460.003.0008.
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Alcohol is the most widely used psychoactive agent in the world, and it has a very deep history. Human beings have demonstrated remarkable creativity in producing alcoholic beverages from a diverse array of substances. Many varieties of alcoholic drinks have substantial nutritional value and they often form a significant component of the diet of many peoples. Like other foods, alcohol is a form of ‘embodied material culture’; that is, a substance created to be destroyed through ingestion into the human body. Hence, it has close relationship to the inculcation and symbolization of concepts of identity. Alcoholic drinks are not reducible to a chemical substance with physiological effects: they are a form of material culture with almost unlimited possibilities for cultural variation and are a versatile symbolic medium and social tool crucial to ritual, politics, and the construction of social and economic relations.
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Babor, Thomas, Raul Caetano, Sally Casswell, Griffith Edwards, Norman Giesbrecht, Kathryn Graham, Joel Grube, et al. "Pricing and taxation." In Alcohol: No Ordinary Commodity, 101–16. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192632616.003.0006.
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Abstract Among the various strategies that states and nations use to control alcoholrelated problems, the regulation of alcohol taxes and prices has been by far the most popular. This is not simply because governments need financial resources and by tradition acquire them by taxation; regulations on taxes and prices are relatively easy to establish in law and to enforce in practice. For more than a century, taxation of alcoholic beverages by many governments has also been used to reduce rates of harm from drinking. Economic studies conducted in many developed and some developing regions of the world have demonstrated that increased alcoholic beverage taxes and prices are related to reductions in alcohol use and related problems.
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Guerra-Doce, Elisa. "The Earliest Toasts." In Alcohol and Humans, 60–80. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842460.003.0005.
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The taste for alcohol is not exclusive to humans, as some other animal species are attracted to ripe fruits and nectar due to the natural occurrence of ethanol. However, what makes Homo sapiens different is their capacity to produce alcoholic beverages. From the Neolithic, if not earlier, the production of alcoholic drinks is documented, and this production ensured the supply of alcohol. Consequently, alcohol consumption was no longer sporadic and occasional. This process ran in parallel to the development of specific alcohol-related equipment, and organized drinking patterns gradually became more and more formalized. Its use has depended not only on its effects, mainly its capacity to enhance sociability, but also on historical, economic, and religious factors. The aim of this chapter is to search for the origins of this dynamic in prehistoric Europe from an archaeological perspective in order to explore the foundations of the cultural construction of alcohol.
Conference papers on the topic "Alcoholic beveragesin art"
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Uvarov, S. N. "Anti-Alcohol Campaign of 1985–1988 as a Factor Demographic Processes: Analysis of Regional Historiography." In XII Ural Demographic Forum “Paradigms and models of demographic development”. Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/udf-2021-1-22.
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The article analyses the historical literature on the anti-alcohol campaign of 1985–1988 in Russian regions. It is concluded that some of the works do not consider the impact of the campaign on demographic changes, while the reduction in the volume of sales and consumption of alcoholic beverages, a decrease in the number of alcoholics, alcoholic psychosis, fight against bootlegging, alcoholic crimes are examined in detail. A decrease in mortality, an increase in the birth rate, an increase in the life expectancy of the population in the context of the fight against alcoholism are touched upon only in a number of studies (for example, in materials from Western Siberia, Udmurtia, Bashkiria). The problem is most studied in the Udmurt Republic, where the influence of the campaign on marriage and divorce was also considered. Additionally, in Udmurtia, the ethnic component of the influence of the anti-alcohol campaign on demographic processes was analysed. Therefore, it was concluded that the greatest reduction in mortality occurred among the Udmurts living in rural areas.
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Fanta, Michael, Radek Soběhart, and Aleš Rod. "PRICE OF ALCOHOL IN EU MEMBER STATES – AFFORDABILITY OF ALCOHOLIC PRODUCTS AND ROLE OF EXCISE DUTIES." In 4th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2020 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2020.93.
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This research paper focuses on alcoholic beverages and their price affordability between 2000-2016 in the member states of the European Union. Based on the data from OECD, WHO, Eurostat, and the European Commission, the paper primarily discusses development of prices and consumption of alcoholic products, level of excise duties, and the development of average wages. Overall alcohol consumption has decreased in most EU member states over the past two decades, even though price affordability has increased due to relatively dynamic development of average wages. As consumption of alcohol products is decreasing, producers of alcoholic beverages are now pushed to increase the prices of alcoholic products to keep their level of revenues, which means that the price of alcohol is growing naturally. Those facts raise a question about the role of excise duties on alcohol, whether it is an effective tool for reducing alcohol consumption or just a fiscal tool, whose further increases might lead to market distortions.
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Kakihara, Takahiro, and Kiyoshi Yanagihara. "Development of Bio-Mass Fuel for Small Displacement Engine to Reduce CO2: Feasibility of Disposed Alcoholic Beverages as Bio-Mass Source." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54736.
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This study deals with bio-ethanol distilled from disposed alcoholic beverages. Through the various experiments while using a small displacement engine which is equipped with electric fuel injection (E.F.I.) system, the feasibility of the disposed alcoholic beverages; leftover-beer is investigated as one of the bio-mass sources. Currently bio-masses are classified into the following seven bio-mass sources, livestock excreta, sewage sludge, human waste sludge, waste of food, agricultural residue, wood-based (wood chips) bio-mass and crops. In those bio-mass sources, the authors pay their attention to the amount of leftover-beer after a banquet. Our investigation clarifies that about 12 l of beer is left and disposed after a banquet of 150 people. Since beer contains 5% alcohols, 600 cc of ethanol can be obtained without fermentation process. Thus in order to obtain alcohol as a fuel, in collaboration with some hotels, leftover-beer is collected. As to a fuel, higher concentration of distilled alcoholic beverages is preferable. Therefore a new double distillation system is developed to separate water, and 85.9% bio-ethanol fuel is produced from 5% alcoholic density of leftover-beer. The ethanol evaporation characteristic of this bio-ethanol is investigated, it is equal to 98% ethanol reagent. This showed that it can be mixed with gasoline. Also, in order to confirm its performance as a fuel, the obtained ethanol is experimented with 121 cc of small displacement engine which is equipped with E.F.I. system. The results of this experiment are compared to unleaded gasoline and showed that it has the same performance of engine power, especially in case of before top dead center (B.T.D.C.) 15.0 deg.. We also calculated the volume of CO2 emission discharged in distilled ethanol under driving conditions B.T.D.C. 15.0 deg., 4000 rpm, for 1 hour. The CO2 production of distilled ethanol is 34.4 kgCO2, on the other hand, CO2 production of unleaded gasoline is 2.82 kgCO2. This result shows that the system with high energy efficiency to separate ethanol and water is desired. Furthermore, the density of acetaldehyde from exhaust gas is analyzed. An extremely low reading of 28 ppm is obtained. The results prove the effect of acetaldehyde to the human body is negligible. Finally, employing 50 cc motorcycles with our developed E.F.I. system, experiment with bio-mass ethanol is executed. The results proved the feasibility of our developed bio-ethanol can be a new low emission bio-mass source.
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Vukoje, Marina, Rahela Kulčar, Toni Vrkić, and Ana Marošević Dolovski. "Thermochromic prints on beverages packaging: The resistance of printed labels upon ethanol." In 11th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p12.
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Today, the packaging industry is increasingly transforming, especially in terms of development of new sustainable materials and smart solutions in order to attract customers when choosing products, and to be competitive in the market. The use of colour changing packaging can give added value to the product since this kind of packaging can in that way interact with the consumer and provide a massage upon the product. During its lifecycle, the packaging can be exposed to the influence of various agents, for example the spilling of beverages over the printed labels. For this reason, the prints need to be resistant to certain agents, in this case, ethanol. In the end, the spill of ethanol can cause visual alterations of the print due to the colourants or the substrate itself not being resistant to the particular agent. Thermochromic inks are widely used as indicators for beverage packaging which can often be exposed to different concentrations of alcohol that may affect the functionality of that same indicator. Thermochromic inks differ in their composition from classic printing inks, which in the end results in lower stability when exposed to UV radiation and various chemicals. Thus, this study explores the influence of ethanol on the functionality of TC prints on labels. Different label papers were printed with one TC ink, with an activation temperature of 12°C. The samples were exposed to different concentrations of ethanol (8%, 12%, 25%, 35%, 42% and 96%) to simulate the real conditions in which it is possible to spill different alcoholic beverages on the thermochromic print on the packaging of an alcoholic product. It can be concluded that alcohol affects the stability of microcapsules even in the smallest concentrations because the largest changes of colour were observed at low temperature, while smaller colour changes determined at 23 ° C indicate that the classic process ink is more stable to the influence of alcohol. The results of this test showed that the chemical stability of the thermochromic print depends on both, the printing substrate and the external conditions to which the print is exposed. The results show that the proper choice of printing substrate can improve the stability of the thermochromic print in reaction with ethanol.
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Filimonenko, Irina. "CONCEPTUAL POLICY STATEMENTS OF THE STATE REGULATION OF THE ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES MARKET FOR ENSURING SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE REGION." In 4th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/14/s04.021.
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Zaharov, M. A., and V. A. Zaharova. "Ways to solve the problems of counterfeiting products of the wine industry." In SCIENCE OF RUSSIA: GOALS AND OBJECTIVES. L-Journal, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-12-2020-29.
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The article deals with the topical issue of combating counterfeit food products, in particular wine-making. The main controllable indicators are given, based on the verification of which it is possible to assess the finished product authenticity, quality and safety. A steady increase in the counterfeiting alcoholic beverages level and ways of solving countering the counterfeit products release in the developing methodological base context a are noted. The finished product monitoring relevance in the domestic market is noted, and the analytical analysis methodology improvement based on it, as well as the updating of the tool base nomenclature.
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Cheta, Ayman. "Counterfeit and Rogue Industrial Parts and Materials, and Their Impact on Safety and Reliability." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61197.
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Counterfeit and rogue industrial parts and materials are a worldwide problem that can put workers and public safety at risk. Undetected counterfeit and rogue items may cause electrical or mechanical failure that may lead to death, personnel injury, or property damage. Although statistics are available for the fatalities caused by counterfeit alcoholic beverages, baby foods and medicine, there is no statistical data available for the impact of counterfeit and rogue parts and materials on the industry. This paper provides some examples of actual incidents in the industry in order to demonstrate the seriousness of the problem. The paper also provides some guidance on what the petrochemical industry can do to mitigate the risk.
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Ширшова, Анастасия Александровна, Наталья Михайловна Агеева, Елена Владимировна Ульяновская, Антон Александрович Храпов, and Евгения Анатольевна Чернуцкая. "SIDR. TOPICAL ISSUES OF THE INDUSTRY." In Традиционная и инновационная наука: история, современное состояние, перспективы развития: сборник статей международной научной конференции (Санкт-Петербург, Март 2023). Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58351/230316.2023.82.83.003.
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В последние годы во всем мире в категории алкогольных напитков отмечен интерес потребителя к сидрам. Для интенсивного развития отрасли сидров в России необходимы специальные сорта яблок, в первую очередь с высоким содержанием фенольных веществ. Актуальными являются исследования по изучению дрожжей, ферментных препаратов и вспомогательных материалов для стабилизации и осветления отечественного производства. In recent years, worldwide consumer interest in ciders has been noted in the category of alcoholic beverages. For the intensive development of the cider industry in Russia, special varieties of apples are needed, primarily with a high content of phenolic substances. Relevant are studies on the study of yeast, enzyme preparations and auxiliary materials for the stabilization and clarification of domestic production.
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Mariz, Fabiana Nunes de Carvalho, Luíza de Lima Pereira, Daniel Ashton Oda, Marcos Filipe Bueno Langkamer, Cristhiane Campos Marques, and Carla Nunes de Araújo. "Sexual Behaviour and Sexually Transmitted Infections: Analysing the Vulnerability of Undergraduates in Brazil’s Federal District." In XIV Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de DST - X Congresso Brasileiro de AIDS - V Congresso Latino Americano IST/HIV/AIDS. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/dst-2177-8264-202335s1128.
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Introduction: There is no unified definition for risky sexual behaviour (RSB) to date. There is, however, a consensus idea that RSB can be conditioned by external factors that increase vulnerability to it. Objective: To question which vulnerability factors are most relevant to RSB in the undergraduate population. Methods: It´s a cross-sectional, descriptive study. Health area students of two universities were selected at random and invited through e-mail to answer a virtual questionnaire, previously approved by both institutions’ Research Ethics Committees. The questionnaire covered demographics and students’ sexual behavior aspects, among other topics. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics using relative and absolute frequencies. Results: From a total of 156 complete answers, 31 respondents were male, 106 were female, 19 did not answer, and the mean age was 21 years. From the sample, 23.71% (n=37) claimed to have had sexual relations over the last 12 months without preservative at the last sexual encounter. Among these, 75.67% (n=28) had more than ten sexual partners through their lives, 72.97% (n=27) had same-sex sexual relations, 67.56% (n=25) had sexual relations with individuals met online, 78.37% (n=29) used to ingest alcoholic beverages currently, 18.91% (n=6) smoked marijuana currently, and 8.1 (n=2) used amphetamine currently. Conclusion: The chosen definition for RSB was based on Gräff (2020), who described RSB as having more than one sexual partner over the last 12 months and absence of preservative at the last sexual encounter. The RSB group represented 23.71% of the total. The most relevant vulnerability factors to RSB were: more than ten sexual partners in life, same-sex sexual relations, sexual relations with individuals met online, and ingestion of alcoholic beverages currently. Results match the literature.
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RĂDULESCU, Carmen Valentina, and Maria Loredana POPESCU. "PRICE STRATEGIES IN ROMANIA’S WINE MARKET." In Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/cafee/2020/9/01.
Full textAbstract:
Romanian wine producers/sellers face today – as in any other European (market) economy – challenges specific to such merchandise as alcoholic beverages, of which wines are a part, which, unlike (almost) any other type of product, can destroy consumers and therefore alter the very fabric of consumption process and mechanisms. These consumption limitations take their toll on any wine producer (or seller)’s capacity of profit maximising and can only add to the effects of a powerful foreign competition – which, in Romania, is more than ‘able’ to monopolise selling of most expensive wines –, and of the very reality Romania is (in relative terms) so poor a country that average level of consumers’ revenues simply cannot ‘insure’ – not for all, that is – profit maximising concept turning into reality. For all these reasons, a price strategy in the Romanian wine market is both indispensable and challenging.
Reports on the topic "Alcoholic beveragesin art"
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Zahniser, Steven, William Johnson, and Constanza Valdes. Changes in U.S. agricultural imports from Latin America and the Caribbean. Washington, DC: Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, July 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2023.8122124.ers.
Full textAbstract:
Between 2007-09 and 2019-21, total U.S. agricultural imports increased at a compound annual growth rate of 5.6 percent (nominal value-i.e., not inflation-adjusted). Consumer-oriented products (such as beef, fruit, vegetables, and alcoholic beverages) became a more prominent part of this trade, with their share rising from 66.3 percent to 70.7 percent. These trends were even stronger when considering imports from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). To understand how and why U.S. agricultural imports from LAC changed, Economic Research Service economists used detailed trade statistics to explore the changing product and supplying-country composition of these imports
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van Walbeek, Corné, and Senzo Mthembu. The Likely Fiscal and Public Health Effects of an Excise Tax on Sugar sweetened Beverages in Kenya. Institute of Development Studies, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.007.
Full textAbstract:
Historically, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have typically been associated with tobacco and alcohol use. However, in recent decades increased levels of overweightness and obesity, mostly caused by poor eating habits and a sedentary lifestyle, have increased diabetes, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases. There is a general agreement that sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) are bad for one’s health. As such, measures to reduce their consumption would be expected to positively impact population health. In this working paper, we develop and report on an Excel-based model, in which we simulate the impact of an SSB tax on the prevalence of overweightness and obesity. The model starts with a baseline scenario, which takes cognisance that a 10 KES specific tax already exists on all soft drinks. A sugar-based SSB tax is then introduced. The tax is levied as an amount per gram of sugar, with or without a tax-free threshold. Other than reducing the demand for SSBs, a sugar-based SSB also creates strong incentives for manufacturers to reformulate their products to reduce the sugar content. The model predicts that the average BMI would decrease across all age groups decreasing the prevalence of overweightness and obesity. The magnitude of the decrease in the prevalence of overweightness and obesity depends on the size of the SSB tax. For realistic and politically feasible values of the SSB tax, the prevalence of overweightness and obesity is expected to decrease by between 5 per cent and 10 per cent. Should Kenya implement a sugar-based tax on SSBs, over and above the current excise tax on soft drinks, the government should clarify that such a tax aims to enhance public health; raising additional revenue should be a secondary consideration. Also, implementing a sugar based SSB tax should be part of a more comprehensive strategy to reduce overweightness and obesity, because by itself the impact of the tax is modest.