Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Alcohol as fuel / Dissertations / Theses

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Alcohol as fuel'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Alcohol as fuel.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Alcohol as fuel.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Sukjit, Ekarong. "Synergistic effects of alcohol-based renewable fuels : fuel properties and emissions." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4674/.

Full text

Abstract:

Biodiesel is known to improve the fuel properties of alcohol-diesel blends. However biodiesel is obtained from different feedstock and consequently the composition can be different, with varying fatty acid profiles resulting in different physical and chemical properties and a different response when blended with alcohol-diesel blends. To understand the effect of molecular structure of biodiesel on fuel properties and emissions, the most representative individual fatty acid methyl esters were added to alcohol-diesel blends. The results show that 15% of all methyl esters was enough to avoid phase separation of alcohol-diesel blends and keep the wear scar diameter of the blends below the limitation required by lubricity standards. Short carbon chain length and saturated methyl ester are recommended to improve emissions of alcohol-diesel blends. A comparison between two different alcohols used in the engine tests highlighted that butanol blends were more effective in reducing carbonaceous gas emissions and particulate matter emissions than ethanol blends. Further research on the effect of molecular structure of biodiesel on alcohol-diesel blends was conducted to understand influence of hydroxylated biodiesel which is derived from castor oil. The existence of hydroxyl group in biodiesel considerably improves the lubricity of alcohol-diesel blends. It was also shown to be beneficial in terms of engine-out emissions such as enhancing soot oxidation and reducing activation energy to oxidise soot emissions. To counteract the likely increase in gaseous carbonaceous emissions with alcohol blends, the addition of hydrogen to replace part of the carbon within the liquid fuel was studied. The incorporation of hydrogen and alcohol blends indicates that there was a dramatic reduction in carbon dioxide, unburnt hydrocarbons and particulate matter emissions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Pincin, Jared Andrew. "Ethanol and its effect on the U.S. corn market how the price of E-85 influences equilibrium corn prices and equilibrium quantity /." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/07M%20Theses/PINCIN_JARED_44.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Seroa, da Motta Ronaldo. "Alcohol as fuel : a cost-benefit study of the Brazilian National Alcohol Programme." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389406.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Worley, John Wright. "A systems analysis of sweet sorghum harvest for a Piedmont ethanol industry." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135608/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Smith, Courtney E. "Framing ethanol a content analysis comparing national and regional media coverage of ethanol /." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2008. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/386.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Choi, Youn-Sang. "Economic evaluation of U.S. ethanol production from ligno-cellulosic feedstocks /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9904837.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Malone, Amanda Louise. "Unintended consequences of ethanol production : a geospatial lifecycle analysis /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/8334.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Hassaballah, A. A. "Drying of alcohol by adsorption." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376626.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Tatum, Shaun Wesley Jackson John D. "The ethanol market an econometric inquiry into the market for E85 /." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2007%20Fall%20Theses/Tatum_Shaun_38.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Wang, Xiaoyang. "The impact of fuel ethanol on motor gasoline market modeling through a system of structural equations /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5698.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 17, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Anselme, Marc Joseph. "Immobilized yeast reactor for ethanol production." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/11706.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Fan, Simon Shun Ming. "Performance characterization of the high temperature direct alcohol fuel cell." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42437.

Full text

Abstract:

A fuel cell that promotes the direct use of alcohol fuels such as methanol and ethanol is attractive because these fuels are friendlier than other fuels, such as gasoline, to the end-user and are renewable. Therefore, these fuel cells continue to receive much interest from academia and industry who actively seek alternative energy sources and comprehensive energy supply solutions. However, one of the barriers to the performance improvement of the alcohol fuel cell is the CO-like poisoning intermediates that hinder the alcohol electro-oxidations. This thesis project has validated several different advanced approaches to eliminate the CO-like intermediates from the catalyst surface. A 3-electrode electrochemical glass cell, a half-cell and a single fuel cell have been used to study the effects of these approaches (i.e., introduction of oxidant additives, increased operating temperature, electrochemical pulse techniques, and fuel starvation) on intermediates. A 3-way relationship between the onset potential for electro-oxidation of alcohols, the CO oxidizing potential, and temperatures was determined, and conditions required for a performance benefit were identified. A higher temperature Direct Alcohol Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (DAPAFC) using Phosphoric Acid/Silicon Carbide (SiC) as an electrolyte/separator was investigated. Parametric studies were conducted to determine the effects of factors such as higher temperature operation (120-180ºC), etc. A reduced performance gap between PtRu and Pt catalyst at higher temperatures ((>120°C) was shown. Comprehensive studies were also conducted to demonstrate the performance effects of the gas diffusion layer and the micro-porous layer. It was shown that the structure improvement of the phosphoric acid electrode assembly significantly improved the durability and could also improve the cell performance. A higher temperature Direct Alcohol Alkaline Fuel Cell (DAAFC) was also developed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the alcohol electro-oxidation in alkaline medium. An advantage for this system was the use of pure fuel operation which provides at least a 10% improvement in performance compared to dilute fuel operation. In general, the higher temperature direct alcohol vapor fed fuel cells show significantly improved performance using a simple inexpensive separator approach. It appears that this is a new approach which could have a number of advantages.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Matsuoka, Koji. "Studies on direct alcohol fuel cells using anion-exchange membrane." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/144928.

Full text

Abstract:

Kyoto University (京都大学)
0048
新制・課程博士
博士(工学)
甲第11583号
工博第2529号
新制||工||1344(附属図書館)
23226
UT51-2005-D332
京都大学大学院工学研究科物質ｴﾈﾙｷﾞｰ化学専攻
(主査)教授小久見善八, 教授垣内隆, 教授田中功
学位規則第4条第1項該当

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Klaas, Lutho Attwell. "Synthesis and characterization of binary Palladium based electrocatalysts towards alcohol oxidation for fuel cell application." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6448.

Full text

Abstract:

Magister Scientiae - MSc (Chemistry)
The anode catalyst is one of the important parts of the direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFC); it is responsible for the alcohol oxidation reaction (AOR) takes place at the anode side. Pd has been reported to have good alcohol oxidation reactions and good stability in alkaline solution. Better stability and activity has been reported for Pd alloyed catalysts when compared to Pd. Choosing a suitable alcohol also has an effect on the activity and stability of the catalyst. This study investigates the best catalyst with better AOR and the best stability and also looks at the better alcohol to use between glycerol and ethanol for the five in-house catalysts (20% Pd, PdNi, PdNiO, PdMn3O4 and PdMn3O4NiO on multi walled carbon nanotubes) using cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance spectrometry (EIS) and chronoamperometry. HR-TEM and XRD techniques were used to determine the particle size and average particle size, respectively while EDS used to determine elemental composition and ICP was used to determine catalyst loading. It was observed from LSV that PdNiO was the most active catalyst for both ethanol and glycerol oxidation, and it was the most stable in ethanol while PdMn3O4 proved to be the most stable catalyst in glycerol observed using chronoamperometry. The best alcohol in this study was reported to be glycerol having given the highest current densities for all the inhouse catalysts compared to ethanol observed using LSV. From XRD and HR-TEM studies, particle sizes were in the range of 0.97 and 2.69 nm for XRD 3.44 and 7.20 nm for HR-TEM with a little agglomeration for PdMn3O4 and PdMn3O4NiO.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Ping, Wang. "Low cost and high performance novel catalysts for direct alcohol alkaline fuel cells using bio-fuels." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675482.

Full text

Abstract:

Alcohol electrooxidation reactions in alkaline media are of great significance in fuel cell development. In this thesis, catalysts with high activity and stability performance are designed and relevant mechanisms are preliminarily proposed for alcohol electrooxidation reactions. Relevant characterisations of Pd-based electrocatalysts were achieved to study the morphology and composition such as SEM, TEM, EDS and XRD. Tetrahexahedral (THH) Pd nanocrystals (NCs) were directly electrodeposited on the glassy carbon (GC) electrode via a square-wave programme. The synthesized THH Pd NCs exhibit higher activity than bulk Pd for alcohol (ethanol, methanol and ethylene glycol) electrooxidation reaction. The kinetics data were obtained by Arrhenius plots and compared between bulk Pd and THH Pd NCs. Bi adatoms were modified on THH Pd NCs for ethanol electrooxidation reaction (EOR) in alkaline medium at various temperatures and under other conditions that practical fuel cells operate. The general kinetics data of EOR on Bi-decorated and bare THH Pd NCs have also I been obtained, from the activation energy calculated based on Arrhenius plots, and compared. Pd-ATO Ti mesh with high activity and cyclic stability was tested for EOR in alkaline media. The morphology and crystalline structure of Pd-ATO Ti mesh were investigated by SEM and XRD. PdMn02- C with high activity performance was explored for methanol electrooxiation (MOR) in alkaline media. Pd-Mn02-C was obtained by hydrothermal method and its morphology was investigated by TEM. Our work has explored novel catalysts for alcohol electrooxidation in alkaline media and investigated kinetics data in order to infer reaction mechanism. It is hoped that all these work could have a little help for fuel cell development.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Zehentbauer, Florian. "Spectroscopic investigation of intermolecular interactions defining the non-ideal solution behaviour of potential alternative fuels for low temperature direct-liquid fuel cells." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=225964.

Full text

Abstract:

Direct liquid fuel cells represent an interesting alternative to conventional hydrogen fuel cell technology. A novel analytical method for the monitoring of direct liquid fuel cells is presented. Employing a combination of chronoamperometric, gravimetric and Raman spectroscopic measurements this method allows a straightforward determination of the Faradaic efficiency of a fuel cell. This method was applied in a proof of concept study analysing the operational behaviour of a direct methanol fuel cell. A very low Faradaic efficiency was found for the fuel cell under study. This was attributed to loss of methanol from the fuel mixture due to methanol crossover, stripping of methanol by carbon dioxide as well as evaporation. It is known from the literature that a fuel change from methanol towards higher alcohols and other hydrocarbons can help to mitigate the effects of these loss processes. However, the behaviour of such alternative fuels and their mixtures in an operating fuel cell and hence the performance of the fuel cell depends at least in part on the intermolecular interactions present in those fuel mixtures. Therefore, the intermolecular interactions in binary and ternary mixtures of potential candidates for alternative fuels were investigated in the main part of this thesis. Studies on the intermolecular interactions in binary mixtures of acetone with ethanol and 1-butanol showed a tendency for self association of both compounds albeit in different concentration ranges. It was further found that the alkyl chain length of the alcohols did not have a significant effect on the intermolecular interactions in the binary and ternary mixtures. Further, the behaviour of the ternary mixture was found to closely resemble the effects found in the individual binary mixtures. Finally, binary mixtures of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and different alcohols did not show self association. It was rather found that alcohol molecules inserted into chains of DMSO molecules eventually leading to the formation of alcohol-DMSO dimers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

De, Souza Roberta Haikal. "Distributional impact of an ethanol-based clean development mechanism project in Brazil." Ohio : Ohio University, 2005. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1113338406.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Shi, Yijian. "Exploratory studies of photocyclization and photosolvolysis of biaryl methanols." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0005/NQ32725.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Santos, Maria Helena de Castro. "Alcohol as fuel in Brazil : an alternative energy policy and politics." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/17189.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Political Science, 1985.
MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND DEWEY.
Bibliography: leaves 671-718.
by Maria Helena De Castro Santos.
Ph.D.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Cambridge, Shevonn Nathaniel. "The effect of compression ratio on emissions from an alcohol-fueled engine." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09122009-040220/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Ahmed, Hassan Farouk. "Fuel ethanol as an octane enhancer in the U.S. gasoline market : potential demand and policy considerations /." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487330761218398.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Hayward, Caroline. "A study of petrol and diesel fuel blends with special reference to their thermodynamic propeties and phase equilibria." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004902.

Full text

Abstract:

The ternary phase behaviour of the n-heptane-l-propanol-water system was studied and compared with the theoretical prediction based on the UNIQUAC model for non-electrolyte solutions. The results showed that this model adequately approximated experimental studies. The excess enthalpies and excess volumes for several binary mixtures were determined. The excess enthalpies were measured using a LKB flow microcalorimeter and the excess -volumes determined using a PAAR densitometer. The study showed that no significant enthalpy or volume changes occurred when petrol/n-heptane were mixed with alcohols . Ternary phase diagrams, including tie lines have been determined for a number of petrol-alcohol-water systems (including the Sasol blend of alcohols). The tie line results show that the concentration of water in the water-rich layer is strongly dependent on the type of alcohol used. The Sasol alcohol blended with petrol resulted in a high water concentration in the water-rich layer which forms on phase separation. This is believed to contribute significantly to the corrosion problems experienced by motorists using the Sasol blended fuel on the Witwatersrand. The effect of temperature on several of these blends was included in the study. Diesel-alcohol blends and the co-solvent properties of ethyl acetate investigated. Ethyl acetate ensures miscibility at low concentrations for diesel-ethanol blends. Octyl nitrate and two cetane improvers from AECI were assessed in terms of their ability to restore cetane rating of blended diesel fuel to that of pure diesel fuel. The results indicated that all three samples were successful in this application.
KMBT_363

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Anderson, Jordan. "Electrochemical Studies of Nanoscale Composite Materials as Electrodes in Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5104.

Full text

Abstract:

Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have recently acquired much attention as alternatives to combustion engines for power conversion. The primary interest in fuel cell technology is the possibility of 60% power conversion efficiency as compared to the 30% maximum theoretical efficiency limited to combustion engines and turbines. Although originally conceived to work with hydrogen as a fuel, difficulties relating to hydrogen storage have prompted much effort in using other fuels. Small organic molecules such as alcohols and formic acid have shown promise as alternatives to hydrogen in PEMFCs due to their higher stability at ambient conditions. The drawbacks for using these fuels in PEMFCs are related to their incomplete oxidation mechanisms, which lead to the production of carbon monoxide (CO). When carbon monoxide is released in fuel cells it binds strongly to the platinum anode thus limiting the adsorption and subsequent oxidation of more fuel. In order to promote the complete oxidation of fuels and limit poisoning due to CO, various metal and metal oxide catalysts have been used. Motivated by promising results seen in fuel cell catalysis, this research project is focused on the design and fabrication of novel platinum-composite catalysts for the electrooxidation of methanol, ethanol and formic acid. Various Pt-composites were fabricated including Pt-Au, Pt-Ru, Pt-Pd and Pt-CeO2 catalysts. Electrochemical techniques were used to determine the catalytic ability of each novel composite toward the electrooxidation of methanol, ethanol and formic acid. This study indicates that the novel composites all have higher catalytic ability than bare Pt electrodes. The increase in catalytic ability is mostly attributed to the increase in CO poison tolerance and promotion of the complete oxidation mechanism of methanol, ethanol and formic acid. Formulations including bi- and tri-composite catalysts were fabricated and in many cases show the highest catalytic oxidation, suggesting tertiary catalytic effects. The combination of bi-metallic composites with ceria also showed highly increased catalytic oxidation ability. The following dissertation expounds on the relationship between composite material and the electrooxidation of methanol, ethanol and formic acid. The full electrochemical and material characterization of each composite electrode is provided.
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Chemistry
Sciences
Chemistry

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Siswana, Msimelelo Patrick. "Phase equilibria in three component systems alcohol-hydrocarbon-water." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004988.

Full text

Abstract:

The fuel industry in many parts of the world is blending alcohols with motor fuel either to extend the fuel or to improve its octane rating or both. Unfortunately alcohols are hygroscopic and as a result, water becomes a component of the fuel. This can lead to phase separation and the formation of a water-rich layer which could have serious corrosion consequences. In an attempt to understand the phase-splitting in alcohol-petrol-water blends, phase equilibria in ternary systems (alcohol-hydrocarbon-water) have been determined by experiment. The phase equilibria in these ternary systems are also discussed in terms of modern theories of liquid mixtures and the UNIQUAC theory is applied to the "ethanol + benzene + water" ternary system. The alcohols are all the C₁, C₂, C₃ and C₄ alcohols, and the hydrocarbons include those typically found in petrol, e.g. cyclohexane, benzene and substituted benzenes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Xie, Tieling. "Electrochemical corrosion effects of ethanol based fuel on general aviation aircraft fuel system components." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2004. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11072004-122317.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Cyr, Normand. "Effect of aeration strategy on the performance of a very high gravity continuous fuel ethanol fermentation process." Thesis, McGill University, 2006. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=100789.

Full text

Abstract:

The fuel ethanol industry is now making use of a very efficient process where virtually all sugar substrates are converted to ethanol. Nevertheless, some metabolic by-products excreted from Saccharomyces cerevisiae tend to reduce the ethanol yield. Of such, glycerol is the major one, accounting for about 5-10% relative to the amount of ethanol produced.
Glycerol plays an important role in maintaining the redox balance within the cells by oxidizing the cytosolic NADH under anaerobic conditions. It is also believed that it acts as an osmoprotectant and would be favourably produced in high osmotic pressure conditions.
In order to mitigate the production of glycerol, various aeration strategies were investigated in a single-stage continuous fermentation system. Oxygen dissolved in the fermentation medium put the yeast in aerobiosis, acted as an oxidizing agent and hence minimised the specific glycerol production by 36% as compared to a completely anaerobic fermentation.
This has hardly been reproduced in a more industrially relevant system using a multi-stage continuous fermentation process. Indeed, oscillations in the concentrations of the various metabolites over time made difficult the assessment of significant changes. Nevertheless, these findings open the door to further investigations in order to understand the effect of oxygen in continuous fermentations using very high gravity feeds, such as in the fuel ethanol industry.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Yozgatligil, Ahmet Choi Mun Young. "Burning and sooting behavior of ethanol droplet combustion under microgravity conditions /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2005. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/475.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

McHenry, John Carl Izaak. "The Challenges of Biofuels in Ohio: From the Perspective of Small-Scale Producers." Ohio : Ohio University, 2008. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1197926303.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Subba, Rao Viruru Subbarao. "Electrochemical characterization of direct alcohol fuel cells using in-situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry." kostenfrei, 2008. http://mediatum2.ub.tum.de/doc/645809/645809.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Goh, Allen Yong Lian. "Influence of alcohol fuel additives on strain measurements in glass fiber-reinforced micro-specimens." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0006/MQ59807.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Rao, Vineet. "Electrochemical characterization of direct alcohol fuel cells using in-situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry." kostenfrei, 2008. http://mediatum2.ub.tum.de/doc/645809/645809.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Compton, Timothy James Shauck Maxwell Eustace. "Flight performance testing of ethanol/100LL fuel blends during cruise flight." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5150.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Paul, Varun. "Electricity generation and ethanol production using iron-reducing, haloalkaliphilic bacteria." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Paul_09007dcc8069dfe5.pdf.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed August 10, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 58-64).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Tongroon, Manida. "Combustion characteristics and in-cylinder process of CAI combustion with alcohol fuels." Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4501.

Full text

Abstract:

Controlled auto-ignition (CAI) combustion in the gasoline engine has been extensively studied in the last several years due to its potential for simultaneous improvement in fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. At the same time, there has been increasing interest in the use of alternative fuels in order to reduce reliance on conventional fossil fuels. Therefore, this study has been carried out to investigate the effect of alcohol fuels on the combustion characteristics and in-cylinder processes of CAI combustion in a single cylinder gasoline engine. In order to study the effect of alcohol fuels, combustion characteristics were investigated by heat releases analysis in the first part. The combustion process was studied through flame structure and excited molecule by chemiluminescence imaging. Furthermore, in-cylinder gas composition was analysis by GC-MS to identify the auto-ignition reactions involved in the CAI combustion. In addition, the influence of spark-assisted ignition and injection timings were also studied. Alcohol fuels, in particular methanol, resulted in advanced auto-ignition and faster combustion than that of gasoline. In addition, their use could lead to substantially lower HC, NOX and CO exhaust emissions. Spark-assisted ignition assisted gasoline combustion by advancing ignition timing and initiating flame kernel at the centre of combustion chamber but it had marginal effect on alcohol fuels. Auto-ignition always took place at the perimeter of the chamber and occurred earlier with alcohol fuels. Fuel reforming reactions during the NVO period were observed and they had significant effect on alcohol combustion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Willets, William D. "Evaluation of catalyst and alcohol fuel emissions control for a small four cycle utility engine." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07292009-090410/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Budhram, Dowlat. "Sugarcane-based ethanol : production possibilities and trade implications for Caribbean countries /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487265555440978.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Grabowski, Karen S. "Magazine coverage of corn ethanol between two energy crises sourcing and framing in corn ethanol coverage in Time, Newsweek and The economist from 1979 to 2007 /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2009. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1228852159.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Benson, Tracy John. "Dehydration of an ethanol/water mixture using lignocellulosic based adsorbents." Master's thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2003. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-11102003-171312.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Srivastava, Shalabh. "Numerical simulation of a direct injection spark ignition engine using ethanol as fuel." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

Find full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M.S.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on July 27, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 119-122). Also issued in print.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Mostafa, Ehab [Verfasser]. "Electrocatalysis and Kinetics of the Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells : DEMS and ac Voltammetry Studies / Ehab Mostafa." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2013. http://d-nb.info/104486804X/34.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Sendich, Elizabeth Diane. "Modeling and analysis of the biorefinery integrated with the agricultural landscape." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Um, Byung-Hwan. "Optimization of ethanol production from concentrated substrate." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/07M%20Dissertations/UM_BYUNG-HWAN_51.pdf.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Padayachee, Diandree. "Development of electrocatalysts for glycerol oxidation." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemical and Process Engineering, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/8985.

Full text

Abstract:

Glycerol is a very promising alternative fuel to hydrogen in fuel cells. However, the utilisation of glycerol as a fuel requires a good catalyst, due to the slow kinetics of glycerol electrooxidation. Gold has been identified as a promising catalyst due to its high activity and stability for glycerol electrooxidation – although the overpotentials are higher than on platinum and palladium. Modification of a nano-Au/C catalyst by the addition of MnO2, in an attempt to further improve the activity and lower the overpotential for glycerol oxidation, was therefore first explored. This was followed by investigations into the effects of gold particle size and loading. Finally, the effect of gold particle size on oxidation of gold-catalysed glycerol oxidation intermediates was also briefly explored. Studies into MnO2 addition showed that the pre-deposition of MnO2 yielded catalysts with smaller, more uniform gold particles, and catalysts with MnO2 contents of 5 and 9 wt % had higher mass activities and lower onset- and peak- potentials than Au/C. All the Au/xMnO2/C catalysts were more active than the palladium- and platinum-based catalysts reported in literature, which effectively demonstrated the advantage of using a gold-based catalyst for glycerol oxidation – especially when supported by MnO2 which lowered the overpotential for glycerol oxidation over gold. For the study into gold particle size, small gold particles of average diameter ≤ 4.7 nm had higher gold mass-based activities than medium-sized (14.7 nm) particles and were at least twice as active as catalysts containing large (≥ 43 nm) gold particles. The small gold particles also gave lower glycerol oxidation onset potentials, which was attributed to the predominance of Au(110) planes on those particles. Glycerol oxidation also appeared to proceed further along the oxidation pathway over small gold particles, which was confirmed in preliminary studies into the oxidation of glycerol oxidation intermediates. However, specific activity increased with increasing gold particle size, due mainly to the higher intrinsic activity of the Au(111) plane, which increased relative to Au(110) with increasing gold particle size. The important requirements for fuel cell applications are factors such as high mass activity, low overpotentials and high stability – all of which were met by the catalysts containing small gold particles defined by predominantly Au(110) facets. Investigations into the gold loading effect showed similar mass- and specific- activities for catalysts with 5-20 % gold loading. However, only the catalysts with higher gold loadings (15-20 %) did not deactivate early during CV, indicating that a larger gold surface area is necessary to resist poisoning at high potentials. On the basis of low onset potentials, high mass activity, and stability at low overpotentials, a minimum gold loading of 12.5 % appears to be necessary for a supported gold catalyst with small gold nanoparticles; although even higher loadings may be preferable for a higher power output in a fuel cell. Importantly, the insights gleaned from this study on the fundamental properties required for early activation, activity and stability of the gold catalysts could lead to a more intelligent design of gold-based catalysts in future.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Oliveira, Humberto Renato de. "Estudo de viabilidade técnica e ambiental para utilizar mistura álcool anidro/diesel/aditivo em frota de ônibus urbanos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2003. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/86/86131/tde-04042012-113758/.

Full text

Abstract:

O presente trabalho analisa a viabilidade técnica e ambiental da mistura álcool/ diesel/ aditivo AEP-102 (MADA), proposta para ser usada como combustível nas frotas de ônibus urbanos n cidade e Região Metropolitana de Curitiba, como uma alternativa para reduzir o consumo de óleo diesel, as importações de petróleo e diesel e as emissões de poluentes atmosféricos. De início é feita uma breve revisão bibliográfica das principais fontes alternativas, destacando os pontos positivos e as suas dificuldades em relação ao uso convencional. Aborda-se a criação do programa nacional do álcool, situação atual e perspectiva para o futuro do programa com a entrada de novas tecnologias, o perfil de consumo de derivados e a estrutura de refino no Brasil. Analisa-se parte do relatório de tese que menciona a formação de mistura álcool/ diesel/ aditivo, características do aditivo, resultados laboratoriais: físico-químicos (emissões, desgaste do sistema de injeção), testes de bancada com o MADA, monitoramento dos ônibus utilizados nos testes de campo, baseado apenas na utilização MADA 11,2 (motor, emissões e sistema de injeção). Verifica-se que o uso da MADA pode contribuir para redução de emissões de poluentes, principalmente o material particulado; se ampliado em grande escala, pelo aspecto energético, pode haver uma redução nas importações de petróleo e derivados. Apresenta-se as questões de difícil solução atribuídas ao uso do combustível como o desgaste prematuro nos componentes do sistema de injeção, provocado pela baixa lubricidade do combustível, e a instabilidade da MADA nas condições de estocagem, bem como os aspectos a serem analisados em futuros trabalhos.
This work analyses the technical and environmental feasibility of the alcohol/ diesel/ additive AEP-102 (MAD) mixture, proposal to be used as fuel for the buses fleets of Curitiba City and its nearby region, as an alternative to reduce diesel consumption, petroleum and diesel importation, and gas emission to the atmosphere. The thesis starts with a brief bibliographic review of the main alternative source, pointing out positive aspects and their difficulties with relations to the conventional use. The text discusses the creation of the creation of the alcohol national program, its actual and future perspectives with the migration of new technology, the consumption profile of petroleum related products and the refining structure in Brazil. It analyzes part of the testing report which mentions the creation of alcohol/ diesel/ additive mixture, the additive characteristics, and laboratories results: physical-chemical, emissions, fuel injection system wear, bench tests with MADA, and monitoring the buses used on field tests, based only on MADA 11,2 usage (motor, emissions and injection system). One can see that the use of MADA can contribute to emission reduction, mainly particles. On a macro view, by means of energy aspects, there could be a crude and petroleum based products importation reduction. The document brings up hard solving questions imputed by the use of this fuel, as the premature wear off of the injection system components, caused by the low lubricity of the fuel, and MADA instability at storage condition, as well topics to be studied in future works.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

La, Grange Daniel Coenrad. "Bioethanol as renewable transportation fuel for the future." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/837.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.
ENGLISH SUMMARY: Fossil fuel has been the preferred source for the production of transportation fuel for many years. However, this is not a renewable resource. Many conflicting reports have been published as to how long this resource will last. One thing is certain: eventually the supply of cheap crude oil will run out. It is therefore crucial to start the search for renewable alternatives now. There are a number of possible candidates vying for replacing fossil fuel as primary transportation fuel. Hydrogen, methanol, biodiesel and bioethanol all have the characteristics required of a good transportation fuel. It is unlikely that only one of these will replace oil. A more likely scenario would be that they all play a role in transportation in the future. Apart from being renewable, these alternatives have the further advantage of being less damaging to the environment, something that will become essential in future. Among the renewable alternatives, bioethanol has the second highest energy density. Currently, ethanol production worldwide almost exclusively uses sugarcane and maize as raw material. However, both these are food crops and using them for ethanol could lead to an increase in food prices. Furthermore, there is not enough agricultural land available to produce sufficient quantities of sugarcane and maize for ethanol to replace fossil fuel. Producing ethanol from plant material has the potential to meet the capacity requirements without impacting directly on food production. Approximately 180 million tons of agricultural biomass are produced in the United States each year, sufficient to produce 75 to 110 billion litres of ethanol. Despite its abundance, the technical challenges in converting cellulose to ethanol are significant. One major obstacle to the production of ethanol out of plant material is that most of the sugar in plant material is unavailable for fermentation by micro-organisms. In order to render the sugars in the cellulose fraction accessible to conversion, it is necessary to treat the plant fibres with a combination of chemical and enzymatic processes. Only when a complex mixture of enzymes is used, does it become possible to break down cellulose to glucose for subsequent fermentation to ethanol. Biomass processing by means of enzymes currently involves four separate biological steps: (i) production of enzymes (cellullases and hemicellulases), (ii) hydrolysis of cellulose and hemicellulose to sugars, (iii) fermentation of hexose sugars and (iv) fermentation of pentose sugars. Consolidated BioProcessing (CBP) will combine all these steps into one. However, CBP is not yet possible and the magnitude of research and developmental advancement required to realize this goal is significant. Both sugar and starch ethanol technologies are well established and major process advances are therefore unlikely. Currently there are no commercial-sized plants for the production of ethanol from lignocellulosics, however this is likely to change in the near future considering the progress made in this field during recent years. This study will focus on the current status of the bioethanol industry, as well as on the potential for future development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Fossielbrandstof was vir baie jare die hoofbron vir die produksie van brandstof vir die vervoerbedryf. Fossielbrandstof is nie ’n hernubare energiebron nie en daar is al baie gespekuleer oor presies hoe lank daar nog goedkoop olie beskikbaar sal wees. Baie min van die gepubliseerde bronne stem ooreen, maar almal is dit eens dat olie op een of ander stadium sal opraak. Om hierdie rede is dit noodsaaklik om nou reeds te soek na alternatiewe. Daar is ’n hele aantal hernubare alternatiewe wat gebruik kan word in die plek van olie. Waterstof, metanol, biodiesel en bioetanol beskik almal oor die nodige eienskappe om ’n effektiewe vervoerbrandstof te wees. Die hoofvoordeel van hierdie brandstowwe is dat hulle minder skadelik is vir die omgewing as olie, ’n eienskap wat baie belangrik sal wees in die toekoms. Die kans is eger skraal dat een van bogenoemde bronne die mark totaal sal oorheers soos wat olie tot op hede oorheers het. ’n Meer waarskynlik uitkoms sou wees dat al hierdie bronne op een of ander manier ’n rol gaan speel in die vervoerbedryf in die toekoms. Etanol het die tweede hoogste energie digtheid van die vier genoemde hernubare brandstowwe. Etanol word tans uitsluitlik van suikerriet en mielies geproduseer. Beide suikerriet en mielies is voedselgewasse en die gebruik daarvan vir brandstof kan lei tot ’n toename in voedselpryse. Daar is ook nie genoeg landbougrond beskikbaar vir die verbouing van suikerriet en mieles sodat genoeg etanol geproduseer kan word om fosielbranstof te vergang nie. Die vervaardiging van etanol vanaf lignosellulose het die potensiaal om etanolkapasiteitprobleme te oorkom sonder om direk met voedselproduksie te kompeteer. Ongeveer 180 miljoen ton landbouafval word jaarliks in die Verenigde State geproduseer, genoeg vir die vervaardiging van tussen 75 en 110 biljoen liter etanol. Die tegniese kompleksiteit gekoppel aan die omskakeling van sellulose na etanol is beduidend. Die belangrikste hindernis vir die produksie van etanol vanaf plantmateriaal is die feit dat die meeste van die suiker nie beskibaar is vir fermentasie deur mikroörganismes nie. Plantvesels moet daarom met ’n kombinasie van chemikalieë en ensieme behandel word om sodoende die suiker beskikbaar te maak vir omskakeling. Sellulose kan slegs met ’n komplekse mengsel van ensieme afgebreek word tot glukose wat dan daarna gefermenteer kan word tot etanol. Die verwerking van biomassa met behulp van ensieme behels tans vier afsonderlike biologiese stappe: (i) ensiemproduksie (sellulases en hemisellulases), (ii) hidrolise van sellulose en hemisellulose tot fermenteerbare suikers, (iii) fermentasie van heksose suikers en (iv) fermentasie van pentose suikers. Consolidate BioProcessing (CBP) poog om al vier hierdie stappe te kombineer. Ongelukkig is die CBP proses nog nie moontlik nie en daar moet nog baie navorsing en ontwikkeling gedoen word om dit ’n realiteit te maak. Beide die metodes vir suiker- en styseletanolproduksie is goed gevestig, dus is die kans vir beduidende verbeteringe klein. Daar is tans geen aanlegte van kommersiële grootte vir die produksie van etanol vanaf lignocellulose nie, maar dit gaan waarskynlik binnekort verander as ’n mens die vordering in ag neem wat daar onlangs gemaak is in hierdie veld. Hierdie studie fokus op die huidige stand van sake in die etanolbedryf en die ontwikkelingsmoontlikhede vir die toekoms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Melsert, Ryan Mitchell. "Energy optimization of the production of cellulosic ethanol from southern pine." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26557.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (M. S.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Dr. Sam Shelton; Committee Co-Chair: Dr. John Muzzy; Committee Member: Dr. Sheldon Jeter. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Juqu, Thando. "Development of palladium nickel/tin metal oxide catalysts on carbon nanotube supports for direct alcohol fuel cells." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7854.

Full text

Abstract:

>Magister Scientiae - MSc
Palladium can be used as an anodic catalyst for the alkaline direct alcohol fuel cells (ADAFCs). Palladium has displayed high tolerance towards carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and high catalytic activity for alcohol oxidation reaction in alkaline medium. Palladium-based catalysts have arisen as an alternative to performing alcohol oxidation reaction, especially when combined with other transition metals and multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) as a support, which induces changes in the palladium electronic structure, and thus, increasing its activity. This research is focused on the development of palladium catalysts incorporated with nickel and tin (transitional metals) on multi walled carbon nanotubes for alkaline direct glycerol fuel cells.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Wong, Ching Tai. "The effect of altitude on the performance of a spark ignition engine using an alcohol-blended fuel." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9468.

Full text

Abstract:

Includes bibliographical references.
It is known that altitude influences both the performance and octane requirement of automotive engines. With the peculiar elevated geography in South Africa, there has been concern of the effects of altitude on automotive engines, when driving between the coast and the Highveld. This thesis describes an experimental investigation into the effects of altitude on a locally mass-produced spark ignition engine, operating under three different carburation settings. Tests have been performed in an altitude simulation dynamometer test cell. Comparative assessments are made of the effects of altitude on fuel economy, exhaust CO emission and engine knock response in terms of knock-limited spark advance with- a straight gasoline and a 10% ethanol blend. It has been shown that the extent of the altitude effects on fuel economy and exhaust co emission strongly depends on the operating carburation set points.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

DIAS, RICARDO R. "Estudo dos eletrocatalisadores de PtSnRh/C+CeOsub(2) preparados pelo método da redução por álcool para oxidação eletroquímica do etanol." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2013. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10547.

Full text

Abstract:

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:41:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:08:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Linares, Moya Douglas De Jesus. "Fundamental and applied studies on the development of an alkaline anion exchange membrane-based direct alcohol fuel cell." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1367.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!