Academic literature on the topic 'Alberto Graziani'
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Journal articles on the topic "Alberto Graziani"
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Botelho, Rafael Guimarães, and Wagner Wey Moreira. "Resenha do livro Pós-Graduação: Desafios e perspectivas na formação universitária." Revista Iberoamericana de Educación 89, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.35362/rie8915071.
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Graziano, Alberto & Tembe, Vicente (Org.). (2019). Pós-Graduação: Desafios e perspectivas na formação universitária. Maputo: PubliFix Edições, 173 páginas. Depósito legal: DL/BNM/2019/437. O presente livro, publicado em Maputo (Moçambique), reúne 10 capítulos em língua portuguesa, sendo quatro conferências e seis comunicações de cinco autores moçambicanos, três portugueses e um brasileiro que aportam necessárias reflexões à formação universitária, com ênfase na pós-graduação, tematizando as áreas do Desporto e da Educação Física. Tudo decorrente de um Seminário referente ao Programa de Doutorado em Ciências do Desporto/Treino Desportivo, como menciona um dos organizadores da obra, o Prof. Dr. Alberto Graziano. O prefácio da obra ficou a cargo do Vice-Reitor da Universidade Pedagógica de Maputo (UP-Maputo), o Prof. Dr. Boaventura Aleixo.
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NAETH, M. A., D. J. PLUTH, D. S. CHANASYK, A. W. BAILEY, and A. W. FEDKENHEUER. "SOIL COMPACTING IMPACTS OF GRAZING IN MIXED PRAIRIE AND FESCUE GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEMS OF ALBERTA." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 70, no. 2 (May 1, 1990): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss90-018.
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The impacts of long-term grazing on compaction were assessed in mixed prairie and fescue grassland ecosystems of Alberta. Grazing regimes were of light to very heavy intensities, grazed early, late, and continuously during the growing season. Bulk density was measured with a surface moisture/density gauge and a combination moisture/density probe to 65 cm. Penetration resistance to 30 cm was measured with a cone penetrometer. Solonetzic soils were less sensitive to compaction under grazing than Chernozemic soils. Heavy intensity and/or early season grazing had greater impacts on compaction than light intensity and/or late season grazing. Under the former grazing regimes, bulk density increased to 7.5 cm at Kinsella and 65 cm at Stavely; penetration resistance increased to depths of 2.5 cm at Brooks, 15 cm at Kinsella, and 30 cm at Stavely. Heavy trampling versus regular grazing increased penetration resistance to depths of 30 and 10 cm under heavy intensity and/or early season and light intensity and/or late season grazing, respectively. Late season grazing at Brooks and light to moderate grazing at Stavely may be used as management models to reduce compaction under grazing. Trends were not as clear at Kinsella, but light June and autumn grazing had the least compacting effect. Key words: Compaction, grazing, rangelands, penetration resistance, bulk density
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Naeth, M. A., D. S. Chanasyk, R. L. Rothwell, and A. W. Bailey. "Grazing impacts on soil water in mixed prairie and fescue grassland ecosystems of Alberta." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 71, no. 3 (August 1, 1991): 313–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss91-031.
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Reduced soil water under grazing is generally attributed to reduced infiltration as livestock trampling compacts the soil surface. Grazing can also have the opposite effect on soil water through reduced evapotranspiration when vegetation is removed. On the Canadian Prairies, grazing impacts on soil water have been assessed in short-term studies but impacts of long-term grazing have not been documented. In this study, impacts of long-term grazing on soil water were assessed in mixed prairie, parkland fescue grassland, and foothills fescue grassland ecosystems of southern and central Alberta. Grazing regimes were of light to very heavy intensities, grazed early, late, and continuously during the growing season. Soil water was measured with a neutron probe to a depth of 1 m from April through October over three growing seasons. Normal patterns of soil water recharge in autumn and spring and soil water depletion in summer due to evapotranspiration were not altered by grazing. Fluctuations in soil water were most pronounced in the uppermost 30 cm but still evident in the 30- to 50-cm and 50- to 80-cm depth intervals. Heavy intensity and/or early season grazing had a greater impact on soil water than light intensity and/or late season grazing. Season of grazing affected soil water more under light than heavy grazing intensities. On most sampling dates, soil water in grazed treatments was lower than in the ungrazed control, particularly in the 30- to 50-cm and 50- to 80-cm depth intervals. Differences between the control and grazed treatments were least pronounced during the summer months with evapotranspiration depleting soil water reserves in all treatments. Key words: Soil water, grazing, rangelands, water uptake
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Fitch, L., and B. W. Adams. "Can cows and fish co-exist?" Canadian Journal of Plant Science 78, no. 2 (April 1, 1998): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/p97-141.
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Our paper provides an ecological perspective on the interrelationship between livestock grazing and riparian areas through a review of topical literature. We also describe the Alberta Riparian Habitat Management Project (also known as "Cows and Fish"), and draw upon our experience to provide a perspective on future riparian management actions. Those actions should begin with an understanding that prairie landscapes evolved with herbivores, in a grazing regime timed and controlled by season and climatic fluctuations where grazing by native grazers was followed by variable rest periods. Prevailing range management principles represent an attempt to imitate the natural system and describe ecologically based grazing systems. Traditionally, range management guidelines have focused on grazing practices and impacts in upland, terrestrial rangelands, with a lack of attention devoted to riparian areas.Three decades of riparian investigation have quantified the effect unmanaged livestock grazing can have on range productivity and watershed function. We contend that suitable grazing strategies for riparian areas will be developed first by understanding the function of riparian systems and then by applying range management principles to develop riparian grazing strategies. A key step towards determining the fit of livestock grazing is an understanding of the formation of riparian systems and their ecological function. We describe riparian structure, function and process to provide linkages between livestock grazing, riparian vegetation health and stream channel dynamics. We summarize the effects of unmanaged livestock grazing on riparian habitats and fish and wildlife populations. The general conclusion is that unmanaged grazing results in overuse and degradation of riparian areas. The literature provides several options for the development of riparian grazing strategies. We provide an overview of strategies suitable for riparian areas in Southern Alberta which should maintain ecological function and sustained use. Key words: Riparian, grazing management, grazing systems, riparian grazing
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Fraser, Erin C., Richard Kabzems, and Victor J. Lieffers. "Sheep grazing for vegetation management in the northern forests of British Columbia and Alberta." Forestry Chronicle 77, no. 4 (August 1, 2001): 713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc77713-4.
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Vegetation management treatments are applied on a large proportion of regenerated sites in British Columbia and Alberta to improve survival and early growth of conifers and to meet provincial standards. Conventional techniques like manual brushing and chemical herbicides continue to be widely applied. However, other less familiar methods like sheep grazing can also be a viable option on some sites. Sheep grazing has been demonstrated to offer good to excellent control of both herbaceous and woody vegetation, provided certain conditions are met. Specifically, the dominant vegetation must be palatable to the sheep, the large- and small-scale topography must be relatively even, the treatment must be carried out before the crop trees become severely suppressed or damaged and the animals must be effectively supervised. It is our position that there is an opportunity to increase the use of sheep grazing for vegetation control in some regions of the northern forests of British Columbia and Alberta, thus providing another viable option for forest managers. Key words: sheep, grazing, vegetation management, plantation establishment, conifer release, northern forest
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NAETH, M. A., R. L. ROTHWELL, D. S. CHANASYK, and A. W. BAILEY. "GRAZING IMPACTS ON INFILTRATION IN MIXED PRAIRIE AND FESCUE GRASSLAND ECOSYSTEMS OF ALBERTA." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 70, no. 4 (November 1, 1990): 593–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss90-062.
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Infiltration capacity is generally reduced with increased grazing intensity and reduced range condition, mainly through vegetation and litter removal, soil structure deterioration, and compaction. Only one study has documented the effect of grazing on Canadian rangelands, necessitating further investigation. In this study, impacts of long-term grazing on infiltration were assessed in mixed prairie and fescue grassland ecosystems of southern and central Alberta, Canada. Grazing regimes were of light to very heavy intensities, grazed early, late, and continuously during the growing season. Ungrazed controls were evaluated at each site. Infiltration was measured with double ring infiltrometers. Heavy intensity and/or early season grazing had greater impact on infiltration than light intensity and/or late season grazing. In mixed prairie, initial and steady state infiltration rates in the control were 1.5 and 1.7 times higher, respectively, than those in the early season grazed treatment. In parkland fescue, initial rates were lowest in June grazed treatments and steady state rates were highest in light autumn grazed and control treatments. Initial infiltration rates in foothills fescue control and light grazed treatments were 1.5–2.3 times those in heavy and very heavy grazed treatments. Steady state rates were 1.5–2 times higher in light grazed and control treatments than in moderate, heavy, and very heavy grazed treatments. Key words: Infiltration, infiltration rate, grazing, rangelands
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Omokanye, Akim, Calvin Yoder, Lekshmi Sreekumar, Liisa Vihvelin, and Monika Benoit. "Forage Production and Economic Performance of Pasture Rejuvenation Methods in Northern Alberta, Canada." Sustainable Agriculture Research 7, no. 2 (April 18, 2018): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v7n2p94.
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Producing high quality forage and maintaining productive pastures is a major challenge that beef producers encounter, as rejuvenation is a complex and costly challenge. This is part of a series of papers looking at potential options and methods of rejuvenation to improve the productivity of older forage stands in northern Alberta. The methods of rejuvenation investigated were sub-soiling, break & re-seeding, a combination of manure application plus subsoiling, high stock density grazing, bale grazing, pasture rest, as well as direct seeding in spring and fall. In this series, forage dry matter (DM) yield, forage nutritive value and economic performance are presented and discussed. The top 5 forage DM yielders were bale grazing, manure + subsoil in fall, break & re-seeding, high stock density grazing and fertilizer application in that order. In both years, bale grazing consistently produced higher forage DM yield than other methods including control, with bale grazing giving up to 100% higher yield at site-1 and 219% at site- 2 for the 2-year total forage DM. Most forage nutritive value parameters measured were similar for the rejuvenation methods investigated. A simplified economic analysis done in this study showed that the direct input cost of rejuvenation an old forage stand was higher with the break & re-seeding method than other methods. However, for bale grazing, when the cost of hay bales used was factored in, then the cost of bale grazing far exceeded those of other methods including break & re-seeding. The implications of the results obtained in this study in relation to beef cattle production system are highlighted.
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BAILEY, C. B., and J. E. LAWSON. "RUSSIAN WILD RYEGRASS RESTRICTS THE FORMATION OF SILICEOUS URINARY CALCULI IN RANGE CALVES." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 67, no. 4 (December 1, 1987): 1139–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas87-121.
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Calves grazing with their dams on native grassland in southern Alberta had more calculi in their kidneys and bladders at weaning than a similar group of calves grazing an adjacent pasture reseeded to Russian wild ryegrass (Elymus junceus Fisch.). Calculous material in both groups contained high levels of silica (mean 780 g kg−1). Russian wild ryegrass is useful for autumn grazing because it maintains its nutritive value better than indigenous grasses late in the grazing season. The present results indicate that it may also be useful for reducing the formation of siliceous urinary calculi. Key words: Calves, Russian wild ryegrass, silica, urinary calculi
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Baron, V. S., A. C. Dick, H. G. Najda, and D. F. Salmon. "Cropping systems for spring and winter cereals under simulated pasture: Yield and yield distribution." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 73, no. 3 (July 1, 1993): 703–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps93-092.
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Annual crops are used routinely for pasture in many parts of the world, but in Alberta they are used primarily to offset feed shortages. Experiments were conducted during 1987 and 1988 at Lacombe, Alberta under dryland conditions and at Brooks, Alberta under irrigation to determine the feasibility of using spring-planted combinations of spring and winter cereals to extend the grazing season. Treatments for simulated grazing were spring oat (Avena sativa L.), and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) monocrops (SMC), winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and winter triticale (X Triticosecale Wittmack) monocrops (WMC), spring and winter cereal binary mixtures, seeded together in the spring (intercrop-IC) and the winter cereal seeded after one clipping of the spring cereal (double crop-DC). Clippings were initiated at the jointing stage of the spring cereals and were repeated at intervals of 4 wk. The SMC produced the highest yields during the first two cuts (mid-June and mid-July), but regrowth declined thereafter. The WMC generally had superior yields after mid-July. The IC yield was similar to the higher of the SMC or WMC at any cut with more uniform productivity over the growing season. The DC was inferior to the IC for late summer and fall production. Averaged over years the IC produced 92 and 87% as much DM in the fall as the WMC at Lacombe and Brooks, respectively. Yield totalled over all cuts resulted in the sequence IC > WMC > DC > SMC. The IC is a feasible season-long pasture system under irrigation in southern Alberta and under rain-fed conditions in central Alberta. Key words: Cereals, double-crop, intercrop, monocrop, pasture, yields
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Chanasyk, David S., and M. Anne Naeth. "Grazing impacts on bulk density and soil strength in the foothills fescue grasslands of Alberta, Canada." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 75, no. 4 (November 1, 1995): 551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss95-078.
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Alberta foothills fescue grasslands are very productive ecosystems but there is concern that the traditional season-long (continuous) grazing regimes may be leading to soil deterioration due to compaction and increased soil strength. The objectives of this study were to quantify grazing effects on soil bulk density and soil strength of sloped areas in the Alberta foothills fescue grasslands at the Agriculture Canada Stavely Range Substation. The effects of two grazing intensities (heavy and very heavy) for two treatments (short duration and continuous) on these two parameters were compared to an ungrazed control. Soil bulk density and soil water to a depth of 7.5 cm were measured with a surface water/density gauge. Soil strength was measured with a hand-pushed cone penetrometer to a depth of 45 cm. Cone index, the maximum penetration resistance in a given depth interval, was used as a measurement parameter for soil strength.Grazing affected both soil bulk density and penetration resistance. Even short-duration treatments affected these soil properties, although their effects were similar for both heavy and very heavy grazing intensities. Distinction between heavy and very heavy continuous grazing treatments was clear for both bulk density and penetration resistance, with the very heavy treatment having the greatest detrimental effect on these two soil parameters for all treatments. Bulk density and soil strength values were always lowest in the spring after snowmelt and highest late in the growing season, reflecting the water status of these ecosystems. Identical treatment rankings were obtained using bulk density and penetration resistance, but cone index was a more sensitive indicator of the effects of grazing than bulk density. Key words: Grazing, fescue grasslands, bulk density, soil strength
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Alberto Graziani"
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Franz, Simone, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "The effect of cattle grazing in riparian areas on winter biodiversity and ecology." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Dept. of Biological Sciences, c2009, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/2516.
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Livestock grazing in riparian habitats alters the vegetation structure, which has a detrimental effect on wildlife. This study examined the effect of cattle grazing in riparian habitats on winter bird biodiversity, small mammal biodiversity, and microclimate. Study sites were ungrazed, moderately grazed, and heavily grazed riparian habitats along the Oldman River, Alberta during winter 2005 and 2006. Bird species richness, individual abundance, and diversity indices were higher in ungrazed habitats than in grazed habitats. Deer mouse population sizes were not different except during spring 2006, when populations were larger in ungrazed sites. Microclimate data were collected in riparian sites and upland sites in winter 2006. Temperatures were higher and wind speeds were slower in riparian sites than in upland sites. Wind speeds were faster in heavily grazed riparian sites than in lightly grazed sites. Faster winds in heavily grazed sites may account for the decreased winter biodiversity in these habitats.x, 118 leaves ; 29 cm
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Holgate, Katheryn T., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Arts and Science. "The effects of cattle grazing on the breeding biology of riparian forest birds." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Arts and Science, 1999, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/349.
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Cattle grazing in riparian zones can have large impacts on vegetation characteristics and avian biodiversity. To assess these impacts in southern Alberta, vegetation and bird surveys were conducted in twelve riparian sites (four each in heavily grazed, moderately grazed, and ungrazed habitats) along the Oldman River. The shrub understory and bird species diversity and abundance declined significantly as grazing intensity increased. Settlement patterns, territory sizes, and food provisioning rates of some bird species were examined to assess the mechanisms behind this reduction. Five out of seven species settled earlier in ungrazed habitats, whereas two species did not show any discernable settlement pattern. The territory sizes of three species examined increased as grazing intensity increased. House wrens (Troglodytes aedon) brought more food and more food biomass to their nests in ungrazed habitats. These results indicate that available food biomass decreased as grazing intensity increased, and is an important factor in population dynamics of some species.29 cm.
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Irving, Barry David. "The impacts of horse grazing on conifer regeneration in west-central Alberta." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ60301.pdf.
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Gill, Suzanne Irene. "Grazing effects on runoff and erosion in annual and perennial pastures in the parkland ecoregion of Alberta." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq21167.pdf.
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Pinto, Daniel. "Investigations of manual and satellite observations of snow in Järämä (North Sweden)." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Luft-, vatten och landskapslära, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-199620.
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The snow cover plays an important role not only for the whole climate system but also for tourism and economy in the Lapland winter (e.g. dog sledding, snow mobile, etc). Snow constitutes a shelter for animals and plants during the winter due to thermal isolation, but, on the range of this investigation, it can make grazing difficult for reindeers, if the conditions are not favorable. Different approaches to the study have been made; the first and most important part of the investigation was a campaign in Järämä, in Swedish Lapland. During 3 days (between the 3rd and 5th of March 2009), a series of snow pits were done, recording snow grain size, snow layers depth, snow hardness/compactness, density and temperature. The hardness in the snow was evaluated through ram penetration tests. It was additionally studied the correspondence between the snow layers found in situ and the Sámi terminology. Another approach of the study consisted of satellite observations during the winter season 2008/2009 with day light in the region. The type of imagery used was MODIS (The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) daily snow albedo and 8-day surface reflectance products. Measurements of temperature, precipitation, snow depth were used to cover the polar night time when satellite images were missing. According to these weather observations some snow metamorphisms were also studied, and their influence on the snowpack conditions. Through the comparison between all these forms of data it was found that in the winter season 2008/2009 the conditions for reindeers grazing were not good due to the formation of ice encapsulating the lichens and grass. Additionally several hard snow layers have been found in the snowpack which increase the difficulty to dig in the snow and may cause problems to the reindeers’ digestion. Snow hardness measurements with a ram penetrometer, manual tests and visual grain size observation proved these discovers. Several periods of positive temperature may cause melting/refreezing cycles contributing to the formation of hard snow layers. These conclusions are supported by the snow albedo and surface reflectance satellite imagery. In these images is visible a period with snow albedo decreasing a lot in the beginning of autumn, after the first lasting snowfall. The weather conditions in early fall, when the first durable snow occurs, are of extreme importance for the reindeers’ grazing, and in the case of the studied winter season, the conditions were not favorable.
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FEDERICO, LUCA. "L'apprendistato letterario di Raffaele La Capria." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1005664.
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Superati «novant’anni d’impazienza» e dopo un lungo periodo votato all’autocommento e all’esplorazione delle proprie intenzioni, Raffaele La Capria ha raccolto le sue opere in due Meridiani curati da Silvio Perrella. La Capria ne ha celebrato l’uscita nella prolusione inaugurale di Salerno Letteratura, poi confluita nel breve autoritratto narrativo "Introduzione a me stesso" (2014). In questa sede, l’autore è tornato su alcuni punti essenziali della sua riflessione sulla scrittura, come la relazione, reciproca e ineludibile, fra tradizione e contemporaneità. All’epilogo del «romanzo involontario» di una vita, La Capria guarda retrospettivamente alla propria esperienza come ad un’autentica educazione intellettuale. Perciò, muovendo da un’intervista inedita del 2015, riportata integralmente in appendice, la tesi ha l’obiettivo di ricostruire l’apprendistato letterario di La Capria dai primi anni Trenta, quando l’autore ancora frequentava il ginnasio, fino all’inizio dei Sessanta, quando ottenne il premio che ne avrebbe assicurato il successo. Il percorso, che riesamina l’intera bibliografia lacapriana nella sua varietà e nella sua stratificazione, si articola in una serie di fasi interdipendenti: la partecipazione indiretta alle iniziative dei GUF (intorno alle riviste «IX maggio» e «Pattuglia»); l’incursione nel giornalismo e l’impegno culturale nell’immediato dopoguerra (sulle pagine di «Latitudine» e di «SUD»); l’attività di traduttore dal francese e dall’inglese (da André Gide a T.S. Eliot); l’impiego alla RAI come autore e conduttore radiofonico (con trasmissioni dedicate a Orwell, Stevenson, Saroyan e Faulkner); la collaborazione con «Il Gatto Selvatico», la rivista dell’ENI voluta da Enrico Mattei e diretta da Attilio Bertolucci; e le vicende editoriali dei suoi primi due romanzi, “Un giorno d’impazienza” (1952) e “Ferito a morte” (1961), fino alla conquista dello Strega. La rilettura dell’opera di uno scrittore semi-autobiografico come La Capria, attraverso il costante riscontro di fonti giornalistiche, testimonianze epistolari e documenti d’archivio che avvalorano e occasionalmente smentiscono la sua versione dei fatti, diventa allora un’occasione per immergersi nella sua mitografia personale e avventurarsi in territori finora poco esplorati: come la ricostruzione del suo profilo culturale, a partire dal milieu in cui La Capria vive e opera, o l’incidenza delle letture e delle esperienze giovanili sulla sua prassi letteraria.
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Cristalli, Flavia. "Bartolomeo Cesi (1556-1629). Catalogo delle pitture." Doctoral thesis, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/2158/1295775.
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Questa tesi mira a fornire un nuovo catalogo dei dipinti di Bartolomeo Cesi (1556-1629). Il focus del lavoro sono le opere dell'artista, ma questi è stato indagato anche nei suoi aspetti biografici, recuperando le bozze manoscritte di Carlo Cesare Malvasia conservate all'Archiginnasio di Bologna (ms. B 16) o ricercando informazioni presso gli archivi di quella città. La considerazione corrente, da parte della critica, di Cesi come un artista dotto, così erudito da saper formulare anche programmi iconografici complessi, viene messa in dubbio proprio grazie alle fonti documentarie ritrovate. Non vi sono nuove acquisizioni di pitture, ma continue sono le proposte e le riflessioni condotte nell'ambito della loro cronologia, un campo non facile per via dello stile molto costante del pittore e per via della sua nota predilezione a ricopiare figure già inventate anche a distanza di decenni. In questo senso viene ribadita la tesi, già essenzialmente acquisita ma che mancava spesso di conferme, di riscontri con le opere, dell'avvio di una fase calante del pittore a partire dalla fine del primo decennio del Seicento. Un'attenzione particolare è stata rivolta alle commissioni di opere a tema profano, ovvero al ciclo dedicato alle Storie di Enea a Palazzo Fava a Bologna e a quello delle Storie di Annibale di Palazzo Albergati, quest'ultimo un inedito di straordinario interesse per via del tema, così raro, che è raffigurato, e per via dei numerosi quesiti che pone ancora.
Books on the topic "Alberto Graziani"
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Task Force on Grazing Lease Conversion. Grazing leases and public lands in Alberta: Background information for public input on Alberta's grazing lease conversion policy. Edmonton, AB: Alberta Forestry, Lands and Wildlife, 1986.
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Willoughby, Michael. The rough fescue dominated community types in the foothills of north-central Alberta. Edmonton: Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, Public Lands Division, 2001.
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Prevedel, David A. Beginnings of range management: Albert F. Potter, first Chief of Grazing, U.S. Forest Service, and a photographic comparison of his 1902 Forest Reserve Survey in Utah with conditions 100 years later. [Ogden, Utah]: United States Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Region, 2005.
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Alberta. Rangeland Reference Area Program for the Province of Alberta. Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, 2004.
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Kwasniak, Arlene J. The Alberta public land grazing lessee's limited right to control access. 1992.
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Willoughby, Michael. Long-Term Monitoring of Rangeland Health in the Lower Foothills Region of Alberta. Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Alberto Graziani"
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Ward, David. "The Effects of Grazing on Plant Biodiversity in Arid Ecosystems." In Biodiversity in Drylands. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195139853.003.0021.
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Conventional wisdom views heavy grazing as the major cause of desertification in semiarid and arid areas of Africa, Asia, and Australia (see, e.g., Acocks 1953, Jarman and Bosch 1973, Sinclair and Fryxell 1985, Middleton and Thomas 1997). Nowhere is the effect of heavy grazing more apparent than in the Sahel of Africa (Sinclair and Fryxell 1985). This land denudation has resulted in a negative feedback loop via decreased soil nutrient status and increased soil albedo (due to lower vegetation cover), causing increased evaporation and decreased precipitation, which in turn reduces the stocking capacity of the land, further exacerbating the negative effects of grazing (Schlesinger et al. 1990). A less dramatic result of overgrazing is a long-term decline in agricultural productivity. For example, the arid Karoo region of South Africa has experienced no climatic change over the last two centuries, yet there has been a 50% decline in stocking rates in seven of eight magisterial districts from 1911 to 1981 (Dean and McDonald 1994). These authors ascribe this decline to heavy grazing that reduced palatable plant populations and hence the carrying capacity of the vegetation in the long term. These examples of the negative effects of grazing in arid ecosystems lie in stark contrast with a large number of African studies that compared the effects of commercial (privately owned) and communal (subsistence, no private ownership) ranching on vegetation and soils (e.g., Archer et al. 1989, Tapson 1993, Scoones 1995, Ward et al. 1999a,b, reviewed by Behnke and Abel 1996). In spite of 5–10-fold higher stocking rates on communal ranches, few studies have shown differences in effects on biodiversity, plant species composition and soil quality between these ranching types (Archer et al. 1989, Tapson 1993, Scoones 1995, Ward et al. 1999a,b—fig. 14.1). Similarly, studies of grazing in Mediterranean semiarid grasslands (reviewed by Seligman 1996) and Middle Eastern arid rangelands (Ward et al. 1999b) show that the effects of grazing on biodiversity are relatively small. A consensus has developed in recent years that arid grazing ecosystems are nonequilibrial, event-driven systems (see, e.g., O’Connor 1985, Venter et al. 1989, Milchunas et al. 1989, Parsons et al. 1997).
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Hobbs, N. Thompson, and Mevin B. Hooten. "Writing Bayesian Models." In Bayesian Models. Princeton University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691159287.003.0010.
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This chapter offers a general set of steps for writing models to assist the researcher in formulating their own approach to the Bayesian model. The crucial skill of specifying models is often neglected in statistical texts in general and texts on Bayesian modeling in particular. The central importance of model specification also motivates this chapter. The overarching challenge in building models is to specify the components of the posterior distribution and the joint distribution and to factor the joint distribution into sensible parts. This chapter first lays out a framework for doing just that, albeit in somewhat abstract terms, before moving on to a more concrete example—the effects of grazing by livestock and wild ungulates on structure and function of a sagebrush steppe ecosystem.
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Giuditta, Cordero-Moss. "Part 2 National and Regional Reports, Part 2.4 Europe: Coordinated by Thomas Kadner Graziano, 46 Norway: Norwegian Perspectives on the Hague Principles." In Choice of Law in International Commercial Contracts. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198840107.003.0046.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter assesses Norwegian perspectives on the Hague Principles. To understand the significance in Norway of the Hague Principles, it is necessary to explain the Norwegian system of private international law and its sources. Historically, conflict rules in Norway were not codified. Nowadays, private international law, at least as far as civil obligations are concerned, is undergoing a process of codification. A proposal for a statute on the law applicable to obligations has been released for public consultation, which has been concluded, and the Ministry is expected to draft a Proposition on that basis. The proposal is largely based on the EU regulations Rome I and Rome II. The Norwegian system of private international law may therefore be said to have turned into a system that is de facto parallel to EU Private International Law. Should the proposed statute be enacted, the system will also formally, albeit unilaterally, be parallel to Rome I and Rome II. Generally, therefore, it can be assumed that conflict rules will coincide with the rules contained in Rome I. In such a picture, the role that the Hague Principles may play for the Norwegian regime of party autonomy is quite restricted, as Norwegian courts generally use sources of soft law as a corroboration of Norwegian law, but not as a correction.
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Peters, Debra P. C., and William H. Schlesinger. "Future Directions in Jornada Research: Applying an Interactive Landscape Model to Solve Problems." In Structure and Function of a Chihuahuan Desert Ecosystem. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195117769.003.0022.
Full textAbstract:
The long history of research at the Jornada Basin (through the Agricultural Research Service [ARS] since 1912, New Mexico State University in the late 1920s, and joined by the Long-Term Ecological Research [LTER] program in 1981) has provided a wealth of information on the dynamics of arid and semiarid ecosystems. However, gaps in our knowledge still remain. One of the most perplexing issues is the variation in ecosystem dynamics across landscapes. In this concluding chapter to this volume, we propose a new conceptual model of arid and semiarid landscapes that focuses explicitly on the processes and properties that generate spatial variation in ecosystem dynamics. We also describe how our framework leads to future research directions. Many studies have documented variable rates and patterns of shrub invasion at the Jornada as well as at other semiarid and arid regions of the world, including the Western United States, northern Mexico, southern Africa, South America, New Zealand, Australia, and China (York and Dick-Peddie 1969; Grover and Musick 1990; McPherson 1997; Scholes and Archer 1997; see also chapter 10). In some cases, shrub invasion occurred very rapidly: At the Jornada, areas dominated by perennial grasses decreased from 25% to < 7% from 1915 to 1998 with most of this conversion occurring prior to 1950 (Gibbens et al. 2005; Yao et al. 2002a). In other cases, shrub invasion occurred slowly, and sites were very resistant to invasion; for example, perennial grasses still dominate on 12 out of 57 research quadrats originally established in black grama (Bouteloua eropoda) grasslands in the early twentieth century (Yao et al. 2002b). Soil texture, grazing history, and precipitation patterns are insufficient to account for this variation in grass persistence through time (Yao et al. 2002a). It is equally perplexing that although many attempts to remediate these shrublands back to perennial grasses have led to failure, some methods worked well, albeit with long (> 50 year) time lags (Rango et al. 2002; see also chapter 14). Although variations in vegetation dynamics and shrub invasion are the most well known, other lesser known aspects of arid and semiarid systems have been found to be quite variable as well.
Conference papers on the topic "Alberto Graziani"
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Lees, Albert, Andrea Jalbert, and M. Traverso. "Assessment of Success Biostabilization Techniques on Selected Watercrossings in Alberta." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10082.
Full textAbstract:
Since the early 1980’s TransCanada PipeLines Ltd. (TransCanada) has employed a number of stream bank stabilization measures in an effort to minimize the loss of fish habitat and to reduce the risk of long term erosion and sedimentation. Traditional stream crossing stabilization involved the re-contouring of streambanks to a stable slope (generally 2:1) and then lining the banks with rock armour and seeding. TransCanada began using alternate techniques, primarily log-walls in 1981. Since 1981 TransCanada has evolved the use stream bank stabilization techniques to include bio-stabilization techniques such as live log-walls, fascines, live staking, and brush layering in combination with more traditional structures. In 2004, TransCanada initiated a two year project to assess the success of biostabilization techniques used on a number of watercrossing throughout the its’ Alberta System. A total of 22 stream crossings were assessed in 2004 and 24 in 2005. Sites assessed were located the foothills and boreal forest areas of Alberta. In the majority of cases the biostabilization methods utilized were still intact and functioning as planned by providing stable streambanks and fish habitat. Several factors appeared to be influencing the value of the measures employed. Cattle grazing on sites where fencing did not exclude cattle from the crossing site resulted in destruction or reduced value of the measures employed. Uncontrolled All Terrain Vehicle activity resulted in a reduced value of the measure employed. Implementation of biostabilization techniques in the winter months (frozen ground conditions) created challenges in implementation of biostabilization measures resulting in less favorable results compared to other sites constructed in early and late fall. Seeding to control surface erosion also appeared to affect overall success of woody vegetation used as part of the biostabilization techniques. Biostabilization techniques employed by TransCanad have been effective in stabilizing watercrossings and providing fish habitat. In designing biostabilization systems for watercrossings consideration should be given to overall stabilization objectives, stream flow information, fish and fish habitat values, and likelihood of success given the geographic region, timing of construction, and surrounding land-use pressures.