Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Alarmes de diagnostic des défauts'
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Al-Kharaz, Mohammed. "Analyse multivariée des alarmes de diagnostic en vue de la prédiction de la qualité des produits." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/211207_ALKHARAZ_559anw633vgnlp70s324svilo_TH.pdf.
Full textThis thesis addresses the prediction of product quality and improving the performance of diagnostic alarms in a semiconductor facility. For this purpose, we exploit the alarm history collected during production. First, we propose an approach to model and estimate the degradation risk of the final product associated with each alarm triggered according to its activation behavior on all products during production. Second, using the estimated risk values for any alarm, we propose an approach to predict the final quality of the product's lot. This approach models the link between process alarm events and the final quality of product lot through machine learning techniques. We also propose a new approach based on alarm event text processing to predict the final product quality. This approach improves performance and exploits more information available in the alarm text. Finally, we propose a framework for analyzing alarm activations through performance evaluation tools and several interactive visualization techniques that are more suitable for semiconductor manufacturing. These allow us to closely monitor alarms, evaluate performance, and improve the quality of products and event data collected in history. The effectiveness of each of the above approaches is demonstrated using a real data set obtained from a semiconductor manufacturing facility
Savy, Antoine. "Diagnostic de défauts capteurs sur turboréacteur." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL109N.
Full textThe engine is the most important part of an aircraft. The total loss of control imply (for a single engine aircraft) the loss of the aircraft. The engine functioning must be safe. Engine manufacturer have searched diagnostic method using analytical redundancy which allows the decrease of material redundancies by using analytical models. This thesis done in collaboration with Snecma Engines, we classified the diagnostic methods designed by this collaborator. One of this methods has been studied more in detail with test results from real engine test bench. Finally, we studied a new method based on multimodel to generate non linear residual and based on a decision part with an statistical residual analysis. This methods has been identified as acceptable because it shows good performances results in accordance with the expected performances for a diagnosis method at Snecma Engines
Jarrou, Abderrahmane. "Diagnostic de défauts et commande tolérante aux défauts des systèmes à énergie renouvelable." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0052.
Full textThe aim of this thesis work is to develop methodological tools for fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control for a multi-source renewable energy production system. In this context we consider an intelligent energy production-storage and consumption system, capable of reacting dynamically to its context of use and whose energy consumption is measured and controlled by monitoring systems. Based on these information flows, the energy performance of existing buildings (new and old) can be monitored, evaluated and controlled by developing methodologies and tools based on relevant factors such as user behaviour, weather forecasts, occurrence of faults, ... This thesis proposes the development of an optimal control scheme to control the climatic conditions of the building. The objective is to ensure the comfort of the occupants with the minimum energy consumption. A MPC (model predictive control) approach is first proposed in a centralized context, then declined in a distributed version for large buildings. In the presence of faults, the energy performance of buildings is degraded and a fault-tolerant control (FTC) should be implemented. The proposed FTC scheme is based on a diagnosis of the building instruments (sensor and actuator) that adapts the control laws so that the current performance remains close to the desired performance. In the thesis these approaches are developed in a linear and then bi-linear modeling framework. Simulation results show the efficiency of the proposed methods
Chabir, Karim. "Diagnostic de défauts de systèmes contrôlés via un réseau." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653836.
Full textSanchez, Jean. "Aide au diagnostic de défauts des transformateurs de puissance." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01017179.
Full textKidar, Thameur. "Diagnostic des défauts de fissures d'engrenages par l'analyse cyclostationnaire." Thesis, Saint-Etienne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STET4007/document.
Full textThe gear crack is considered as the most complicated failure to diagnose because its vibration signature is not really known. In addition, the integration of crack defect in numerical models is not a simple task. On the other hand, gears diagnosis can be done in the time domain through statistical descriptors or in the frequency domain using spectral analysis or cepstral analysis. During the appearance of a crack defect, nonlinear and nonstationary phenomena occur which makes the classical tools of signal processing unreliable. In this manuscript, we respond to these challenges by developing a gear model of 6 DOF that has a crack that breathes. This allows us to study the signature of the defect in the resulting vibrations with a flexible way away from external vibrations. The results showed that the crack leads to a fall in the mesh stiffness. In addition, the opening and closing of the crack causes a fatigue in the material which generates a random term in the vibration signal. The combination of the random term with periodic component due to the rotation of the shafts leading to the appearance of second-order cyclostationary. A comparative study of sensitivity and robustness between the fast Fourier transform, second-order cyclostationary and estimators of instantaneous phase (the Hilbert transform, Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques with a sliding window, Weighted Least Squares Estimation and phase scalogramme) is performed for the early detection of cracks. In addition, experimental tests were carried out on a test-bench with different sizes of crack. The theoretical and experimental results showed that the cyclostationary analysis is the most sensitive and most robust method for the early detection of cracks in comparison with the other evaluated methods. Furthermore, the analysis of the instantaneous phase also gives good results in the case of crack defects. We have shown that the phase scalogramme is a priori more efficient than other approaches
Casimir, Roland. "Diagnostic des défauts des machines asynchrones par reconnaissance des formes." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00139706.
Full textOumri, Mohamed. "Diagnostic des défauts de réseaux électriques filaires par la réflectométrie." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112090/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on fault diagnosis of wired electric networks using reflectometry. To develop diagnostic algorithms, we studied the direct problem (numerical simulations of electrical networks) and the inverse problem (determination of certain properties of a network from reflectometry measurements). For the direct problem, we developed a method for the computation of reflection coefficients. This method is based on the successive solving for a Riccati differential equation. We also generalized the BLT equation for the nonuniform electric networks and automated the resolution of this method. The thesis has made two new results concerning the inverse problem. The first result concerns the estimation of lengths and loss coefficients of the branches of a star network via an iterative method. The second focuses on the identification, at least partially, of the branches admittance matrices of a electric network modeled by the equation of BLT. The methodologies and formalisms proposed in this thesis are validated either by numerical simulations or by real measurements
Yang, Jingwen. "Diagnostic de défauts des systèmes dynamiques par optimisation non lisse." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0035/document.
Full textThis thesis considers the application of nonsmooth optimization approach on several FDI problems. First, to overcome the drawback of classical methods, a nonsmooth optimization approach is proposed to solve a multiobjective fault detection problem in the worst case. An additional constraint of fast transients of residual responses could be added into the design, which could be solved by nonsmooth optimization approach. A framework of designing a unique observer gain and residual weighting matrix is proposed for a system with multiple models. When the exact model is unknown, a new framework of robust fault detection filter and an unchanged threshold are proposed. Second, a method is proposed to design an integrated fault detection observer for general case (unknown l_2 bounded faults and disturbances) and specific case (some specific faults) in frequency and time domain. The lower bound envelope is used to design a fast fault detection observer for the specific faults with a guaranteed ability of fault detection in the worst. By contrast, to decrease false alarms when fault disappearing, a constraint of an upper bound envelope is added into the design. Third, a new framework of active diagnosis with auxiliary signal is proposed. A criterion of peak amplitude is proposed to evaluate the worst effects from the auxiliary signal on the system. The effects of auxiliary signal on the outputs and control signals are considered in the design. The design is firstly shown with a case of two models, which is then extended to multiple models case
Alachkar, Bassem. "Diagnostic vibro-acoustique des défauts de fabrication des machines électriques." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA112190.
Full textLadevèze, David. "Détections d'erreurs, diagnostic de défauts et accommodation de la commande." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT038H.
Full textChamseddine, Abbas. "Méthodologie de diagnostic et tolérance aux défauts de systèmes complexes." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX30048.
Full textThe aim of this work is to propose a methodology of fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control for complex systems. In this work, both sensor and actuator faults are considered. The problem of complex systems instrumentation is studied. In a first step, we design a minimal number sensor network ensuring the system observability. This minimal number network verifies system's observability but it is not robust in the presence of sensor faults: the breakdown of one sensor may lead to the loss of system's observability. We propose then an approach to design a robust sensor network. Finally, we propose a methodology to design a sensor network ensuring the diagnosability of actuator faults in complex systems. These approaches are formulated as nonlinear binary optimization problems. They are illustrated and validated in simulation using a realistic model of vehicle active suspension
Lebaroud, Abdesselam. "Diagnostic des défauts des machines asynchrones : approche signal et système." Lyon 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007LYO10288.
Full textThe main piece of the electrical training systems is the induction machine which, during the last three decades, made the object of numerous researches orientated mainly toward the conception of order laws always more competitive. Its numerous qualities, its weak cost, its robustness and its performances make a machine particularly appreciated in industrial middle. The imperatives of reliability and productivity of installations require the incorporation of a system of detection and diagnosis of faults. It is therefore necessary to endow the induction machines of monitoring tools; so we shall be able to avoid faults and untimely stopping. In our step for the faults diagnosis of the induction machine, two approaches have been developed: the first one consists in implementing techniques and methods of treatment and analysis of the signal making facilitating the visual interpretation of the faults and possibly its implantation in a monitoring system. The second approach is said "system" based on tools of classification, in this case Time - frequency Representation (TFR) linked to a decision criterion based on the distances Mahalanobis. The TFR serves to the extraction of the appropriate points which separate maximally, according to the Fisher criteria, two states: one healthy and the other in fault. Nevertheless the choice of points is appraised, what makes this method semi automatic. The association TFR - HMM (Hidden Model of Markov) allows the complete automation of the diagnosis procedure of the faults since the acquisition and the data processing until the decision making
Didier, Gaëtan. "Modélisation et diagnostic de la machine asynchrone en présence de défaillances." Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10163.
Full textIn this study, we move on to the broken rotor bar diagnosis of squirrel-cage induction machines. The first part is devoted to the development of a model which is based on the magnetically coupled electric circuits. We present three methods allowing detection of a rotor defect of an induction machine. The first method is based on the evaluation of several indexes calculated starting from the amplitude of the components present in the spectra of the instantaneous power and the line current. The second method of detection suggested uses the stator current spectrum phase calculated starting from a Fourier Transform. To improve the detection, we use the Hilbert transform phase calculated starting from the stator current spectrum module. These approaches have the characteristic to be based on any threshold of reference to establish the presence of a broken rotor bar
Abed, Aïcha. "Contribution à l'étude et au diagnostic de la machine asynchrone." Nancy 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NAN10020.
Full textUsed in the majority of the electric drives, the asynchronous machine tends to supplant the machine with D. C. Current as well as the synchronous machine because of its many qualities, and mainly of its low cost and its robustness. Thus, a general reflexion is committed in modeling and diagnostic of induction machine defects. More particularly, we propose to study the rotor defects (broken bars in the rotor). In the first time, we develop two models of the asynchronous machine for the simulation of broken bars. We present in the continuation three methods to detect this fault. The principle of detection is based on the spectral analysis of the stator current in order to follow the evolution of the frequencies which are related to the fault. Lastly, a study of the defect in the presence of a classical vector control is presented, opening a new way towards a diagnostic in the case of speed variation. An experimental part is carried out to validate the exactitude of the theoretical results and to show the effectiveness of the developed methods
Peuget, Raphaël. "Suivi des équipements électriques tournants : analyse et diagnostic des défaillances." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0222.
Full textTouati, Youcef. "Diagnostic robuste et estimation de défauts à base de modèle Bond Graph." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10100/document.
Full textThis work deals with robust bond graph model-based fault diagnosis. The main objectives of this work are related to the generation of robust thresholds with respect to measurement uncertainties, and the creation of a systematic procedure for the generation of fault estimation equations. A procedure of thresholds generation based on a graphical representation of the measurement uncertainty has been developed and implemented on a real system. The Bond graph under LFT (linear fractional transformation) form has been used for the generation of fault estimation equations. These equations are used to improve the decision step concerning the isolation of the faults having the same signature and for analyzing the sensitivity of the residuals to faults affecting sensors, actuators and parameters. The algorithms developed in this work have been on a mechatronic system representing a mobile robot, called: Robotino
Manet, Anthony. "Etude de défauts non francs sur des câbles en vue du diagnostic." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1054/document.
Full textThe soft fault detection feature is certainly a very important aspect of wire health monitoring and an important process required in electrical wiring system operation. It has a great influence on the security and quality of supply. In transmission line networks, this feature is needed to provide a timely identification of the faulted line thus anticipating the appearance of severe faults that are initially caused by soft fault degradation. This work focuses on soft fault problems in electrical fault diagnosis and their weak impact on coaxial transmission lines. The objective of this work is to carry out a soft fault forward model: electromagnetic modeling and investigating the behavior of the line after soft damages and then to analyze its effects on their signatures obtained by reflectometry. It is proposed in this work to characterize the representative soft damages in real situations, which could be used later in solving the inverse problem: determining the position and severity of defects from the reflectometry response for the diagnosis. The proposed approach is based on the following steps: first, an electromagnetic characterization of a faulty region of a cable is carried out by electromagnetic modeling, by taking into account the three-dimensional geometry of defect. For this purpose, two numerical methods have been used: Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) and a Discontinuous Galerkin. The simulation results allow to study the disruption initiated by the fault and to infer their influence on the signal propagation along the cable. The experimental validation provided in frequency- and time-domain allows to confront experimental measurements with simulation predictions. In a second step, electrical fault models are expressed in terms of lumped parameters R, L, C, and G, which can be used in a transmission line model. Such analysis of soft faults allows to relate low local variation of the physical and electrical characteristics of the line to a reflectometry signals variation and electrical parameters changes. The approach can provide useful information to characterize defects and can thus contribute to improve the performance of detection systems
Belmiloud, Mohamed. "Outil d'aide à l'analyse d'huile pour le diagnostic de défauts des transformateurs." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT085.
Full textThe scope of this thesis was designed to contribute to solving the transformer monitoring problem of monitoring of transformers by analyses oil. The methodology and the results presented are based on concrete cases of assessed de-tanked transformers and oil analysis laboratory. The rules of diagnosis for physicochemical quantities have been established for each electrical equipment and for each type of fluid. These rules showed the importance of the sampling parameters, the method of analysis and the design of the transformer and especially the significance of the on load tap changer. A link between analysis, defect and origin of the defect was established which is the basis of the proposed diagnosis tool. Thanks to the chemical analyses, this tool enables to identify potential defects in the transformer and reveals some origins of failures
Petropol, Siana-Elena. "Ondelettes et diagnostic : application aux défauts diélectriques et électriques des machines tournantes." Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0077.
Full textThe purpose of this work is the diagnosis of dielectric and electric faults of electrical drives, more precisely, the diagnosis of changes or anomalies in the measured signals. By its time-frequency localization, the Multiresolution Analysis is adaptable to fault diagnosis. He choices of the mother wavelet and of the number of decomposition levels are the freedom degrees, which allow this method to extract relevant information from the analyzed signals. Its implementation by numerical filters reduces the computations cost. The fault detection method computes on-line the wavelet coefficients. A gradual alarm rate is delivered function of the fault type and persistency. The fault isolation and identification methods take into account the spectral contents of the coefficients vector at each decomposition level to determine the fault membership of a class of known fault types and further to estimate the fault amplitude. New classes of faults may be created. The fault detection method has been initially conceived to detect the insulation quick aging and has been further validated for the asynchronous motor parameter fault detection. The fault isolation and identification methods have been developed and verified only for the asynchronous motor application. The Multiresolution Analysis freedom degrees confer flexibility to the developed methods with regard to different applications
Nguyen, Thi Thanh Quynh. "Diagnostic distribué et commande tolérante aux défauts pour les systèmes multi-agents." Thesis, Reims, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020REIMS006.
Full textA multi-agent system (MAS) can be defined by a group of agents that communicate with each other. Over the past decade, MAS have proven to be an effective and economical solution to many complex engineering problems that are difficult or even impossible to solve by a single agent.Despite the abundance of results in the literature on cooperative control of SAM, there are still areas for improvement, in particular in terms of reliability and operational performance of cooperative control in the event of a failure. This thesis aims to contribute to the resolution of the problems of distributed fault diagnosis and FTC for non-homogeneous / heterogeneous MAS with switched topologies. First, an approach based on a distributed fault detection (FD) observer for a network of non-homogeneous agents with switching topologies is proposed. We started with the formalization of a virtual model corresponding to each agent. This model takes into account all the local information available to the agent, namely the virtual model, as well as the topology switching function. This representation is presented in the form of a switched continuous impulsive system. Next, we present an IMT-based approach to design a distributed FD filter. In this proposed approach, we use H_ / Hinf indices to guarantee the sensitivity of the residue to defects as well as its robustness to disturbance. We also use several Lyapunov functions which satisfy the slow switching constraint to ensure the convergence of the synthesized observers.Subsequently, our study focuses on distributed fault estimation (FE) for a network of non-homogeneous agents with actuator faults and switching topologies. In this work, we continue to use the switched virtual model resulting from our work on FD to represent the model of each agent. We propose a new method of decomposition which makes it possible to decompose the state of the agent and its neighbors in two sub-states, one is affected by the actuator faults and the other is not affected by the faults. A distributed observer for each agent is also proposed to estimate the state subsets. Finally, default estimates are obtained by simultaneously using state estimation and a robust exact differentiator. It should be noted that this proposed approach is distributed both in design and implementation. Indeed, it does not need information from all the systems and it also allows each agent to estimate its faults and those of its neighbors. As a result, we can reduce computation and communication times when implemented in practical applications.Finally, the development of FE and FTC for a network of heterogeneous agents subject to actuator faults and an exit consensus is discussed. The objective is to improve reliability and performance by FTC during cooperative operation of heterogeneous MAS with the presence of faults. This approach is based on internal reference models and an observer for estimating faults. The agents rely on the information provided by the FE modules and do not require any prior knowledge of the fault. A decentralized FE based on the observer is synthesized to estimate the states and faults of the actuator. The design of the observers is given after state decompositions using transformation matrices. Next, a fault-tolerant consensus controller is proposed. It uses the estimated state and the estimated faults resulting from the defect estimation observer. The agreement between the agents is obtained by solving the problem of consensus of internal references
Raad, Amani. "Contributions aux statistiques cycliques d'ordre supérieur : applications au diagnostic des défauts d'engrenage." Compiègne, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003COMP1471.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is vibration and Acoustic Emission (AE) analysis in rotating machinery for monitoring and diagnosis of their gear fauIts. The first section is concerned with the potential of the AE technique by giving a comparison with vibrations. We show the complementarity between the two techniques to give a better diagnosis. Simples descriptors are extracted as kurtosis. The second part is more concerned with a generic modelling of geaI signaIs. This modelling helps to demonstrate the higher order cyclostationarity of gear signàls. We expose after the theory of cyclic bispectrum, third-order statistical too1. We propose at the end simple and concise cyclostationary indicators. Several applications to industrial gear signaIs are illustrated
Bateman, François. "Diagnostic actif et tolérance aux défauts majeurs d'actionneurs : application à un drone." Aix-Marseille 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AIX30036.
Full textInterest in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is growing worldwide. Nevertheless there are numerous issues that must be overcome as a precondition to their routine and safe integration in civil airspace. Chief among these are absence of certification and poor reliability record of UAV systems. In this way, upcoming technologies such as fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control have the promise of significantly improving their reliability. This thesis aims at implementing fault diagnostic and fault tolerant control systems for a UAV. As regards the UAVs model and to deal with asymmetrical control surfaces failures, each control is described with the aerodynamic forces and moments that it produces. Some necessary conditions required to keep in flight the faulty UAV are presented. A method is proposed to calculate an operating point and the null controllability region of the UAV is described. The diagnostic system is built using unknown input observers in order to detect, isolate, and estimate faulty control surface positions. As this aircraft is equipped with redundant actuators, flap and aileron positions are not input observable and an active diagnostic process has to be implemented. The fault tolerant control laws are computed by using a Sequential Programming algorithm mixed with a linear state feedback calculated with LMI. These control laws aim at maximizing the domain of attraction by ensuring dynamic performances
Adam, Medina Manuel. "Diagnostic de défauts des systèmes à représentation multi-modèle linéaire invariant dans le temps." Nancy 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NAN10198.
Full textThe introduction sets the framework of the research task presented: fault diagnosis on nonlinear systems whose approximate model is obtained by interpolation of linear models: these models being able to be regarded as resulting from a linearization around operating points. The first chapter presents elements of bibliography in the context of systems described by multiple models. The second chapter introduces the contribution of work when an exact decoupling of the faults influence makes it possible to break up the treatment of monitoring into two levels: active operating mode estimation and detection-estimation of the additive faults. The third chapter describes the case where, exact decoupling not being possible anymore due to, in particular, the limited uncertainties introduced into the models, it is necessary to consider a compromise leading to the search of an optimal solution. These final chapters end with an academic example which illustrates the performances of the developed method. The conclusion sums up the elements of the document and introduces some prospects
Zein, Eddine Abbass. "Algorithmes de détection et diagnostic des défauts pour les convertisseurs statiques de puissance." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMLH28/document.
Full textDC-DC converters have received significant interest recently as a result of their high power capabilities and good power quality. They are of particular interest in systems with multiple sources of energy. However due to the large number of sensitive components including power semiconductor devices, coils, and capacitors used in such circuits there is a high likelihood of component failure. This thesis considers one of the most promising DC-DC converters—the ZVS full bridge isolated Buck converter. An approach with two stages is presented to detect and isolate opencircuit faults in the power semiconductor devices in systems with DC-DC converters. The first stage is the fault detection and isolation for a single DC-DC converter, while the second stage works on a system with multiple DC-DC converters. The proposed methods are based on Bayesian Belief Network (BBN). The signals used in the proposed methods are already available as measurement inputs to control system and no additional measurements are required. An experimental ZVS full bridge isolated Buck converter has been designed and built to validate the fault detection and isolation method on a single converter. The methods can be used with other DC-DC converter typologies employing similar analysis and principals
Salles, Gaël. "Surveillance et diagnostic des défauts de la charge d'un entraînement par machine asynchrone." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10017.
Full textCeban, Andrian. "Méthode globale de diagnostic des machines électriques." Thesis, Artois, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ARTO0202/document.
Full textThe work described in this thesis proposes new procedures to diagnose faults in AC machines. The diagnostic procedures described are reliable, original, inexpensive and simple to implement. They have the advantage of being noninvasive and just get rid from the main drawback presented by other diagnostic methods based on a comparison with a healthy state assumed to be known. The analysis focuses on the magnetic field dispersion in the vicinity of the machine, especially its radial an axial distribution which presents different sensitivity according to various faults. To this end, the phenomena due to inter-turn short-circuit faults in the stator winding, rotor eccentricity and broken rotor bars, are studied in the case of an induction machine and a synchronous machine. For each fault, specific signatures are identified and justified by analytical modeling and numerical method of analysis including coupled electric circuit and finite element methods. Defects have been created in the rotor and stator on different machines in order to validate experimentally the suggested diagnostic procedures
Bun, Long. "Détection et localisation de défauts pour un système PV." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647189.
Full textBatteux, Michel. "Diagnosticabilité et diagnostic de systèmes technologiques pilotés." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00643460.
Full textAlameh, Kawthar. "Contribution au diagnostic et a l'analyse de défauts d'une machine synchrone à aimants permanents." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR072/document.
Full textThe advent of new magnetic materials and recent advances in power electronics have played a major role in the progress of hybrid electric vehicles. Nowadays, permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) thanks to their performances, especially their energy efficiency, are considered as ideal candidates for the traction chains of hybrid and electric vehicles. However, due to material aging, manufacturing defects or severe operating conditions, different types of faults are capable to occur in the machine components, its control or measuring devices. In order to ensure safety, reliability and availability, the integration of a fault diagnosis and condition monitoring approach in the automotive electrical powertrain system is becoming more and more important. In this context, the aim of the thesis is to contribute to the diagnosis and characterization of faults in the PMSM based on a vibration analysis. First, analytical modeling approaches for the PMSM and inter-turn short-circuits, eccentricity and rotor demagnetization faults will be proposed. The major interest of such models, in a diagnosis context, is to study the behavior of the machine in the presence of studied faults in order to deduce the most suitable detection methods. In addition, numerical models will be developed in order to validate the analytical magnetic and mechanical parts of the machine as well as the demagnetization fault. In the phase of fault impact analysis, we will focus on the cases of rotor eccentricity and demagnetization. The fault indicators will be extracted from the vibratory signal representations in time and space domains and their Fourier transforms, in the cases of single faults and the cases of two combined faults. For single fault cases, two diagnosis approaches will be proposed: the first uses the principle of statistical tests and fault signature tables, inspired by model-based diagnosis methods, while the second relies on a set of three neural networks, such as each one is with a single input and a single output and dedicated to isolate one type of fault. Finally, the performance of these two approaches, in terms of robustness and adaptability, will be compared for the same training and test sets
Rachidi, Sara. "Diagnostic des défauts dans les systèmes à évènements discrets soumis à des contraintes temporelles." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMLH24/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the fault diagnosis of Discrete Event Systems (DES) for which the occurrence of events is constrained by temporal specifications. The domain of application is large and varied ranging from manufacturing systems to transportation systems, communication networks and information systems. The increasing complexity of these systems requires the development of effective and efficient monitoring methods to ensure their security, availability and the maintenance of their properties over the time. For that purpose, Partially Observed Stochastic Timed Petri Nets (POSTPN) are used to model the system and the different faults that may affect it. The study is particularly concerned with faults that result after the violation of temporal constraints. Our main contribution in this thesis is the relevant exploitation of the timed information for the fault diagnosis. In fact, a better use of these temporal informations allow to discern with precision the different behaviors that are consistent with the measurements. In addition, the probability of faults occurrence is evaluated according to the dates of collected measurements. Two approaches are developed : the first one is used for single faults and the second one for slow drifts in cyclical systems
El, Tabach Mario. "Diagnostic de défauts mécaniques dans les machines tournantes par analyse des signaux électriques d'alimentation." Compiègne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004COMP1502.
Full textMethnani, Salowa. "Diagnostic, reconstruction et identification des défauts capteurs et actionneurs : application aux station d’épurations des eaux usées." Thesis, Toulon, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOUL0016/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes a general methodology for identifying and reconstructing sensor faults on dynamical processes. This identification theory provides a general framework for the problem of "observability with unknown inputs". Next, a framework for fault detection and isolation of sensors and actuators is proposed. The FDI sheme is based on bank of high-gain observers. A simulation study of a waste water treatment plant shows the effectiveness of the proposed approach.The second point evoked in the thesis is the observability of nonlinear dynamic systems and state estimation. The Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is a widely used observer for such nonlinear systems. However, it suffers from the lack of theoretical justifications. The EKF, when applied to a system put in a normal form of observability, it acquires the property of global exponential convergence. Unfortunately, this latter observer (HG-EKF) is very sensitive to measurement noise. In order to combine the behaviors of the EKF (efficiency with respect to noise smoothing) and of the HG-EKF (reactivity to large estimation errors), (Boizot et al, 2010) proposed an adaptive high gain observer. This observer is applied to a MIMO nonlinear system of an Activated Sludge Process. A comparison study of the performances of the three observers under consideration is carried out. Results show a clearly better state estimation for the adaptive observer
Bachir, Smaïl. "Contribution au diagnostic de la machine asynchrone par estimation paramétrique." Poitiers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002POIT2306.
Full textChaib, Salim. "Observation et diagnostic des systèmes hybrides." Orléans, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ORLE2049.
Full textMenighed, Kamel. "Commandes coopératives embarquées et tolérantes aux défauts." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00545412.
Full textGenovesi, Antoine Marcel. "Détection de défaults et diagnostic en ligne de procédés biologiques de dépollution." Perpignan, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1999PERP0348.
Full textFault detection and diagnosis of industrial processes requires à multidisciplinary approach to ensure their availability, reliability and to guarantee human and environmental safety. To do this, techniques from the Signan processing, Control and Artificial Intelligence fields need to combined in order to use the whole knowledge available from the process
Bentoumi, Mohamed. "Outils pour la détection et la classificationApplication au diagnostic de défauts de surface de rail." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00122046.
Full textLa seconde approche est l'approche de détection et classification successives. Elle consiste à traiter tout
d'abord les signaux issus du capteur de manière simple pour la délivrance d'un signal d'alarme indiquant la
présence possible d'un défaut. Dans ce cas, et dans ce cas seulement, des traitements haut niveau sont mis en
oeuvre dans le but d'analyser plus finement les signatures de ces défauts. Les outils pour la classification - les différents classifieurs linéaires, les classifieurs neuronaux et les machines à vecteurs de support - sont détaillés. L'accent est mis sur le réglage des marges des classifieurs linéaires, sur leurs capacités de généralisation et sur les estimateurs de cette capacité de généralisation.
L'ensemble de ces méthodes a été validé sur une application concernant la détection de défauts de surface de rail dans un contexte métro. Un démonstrateur temps réel et opérant en condition d'exploitation a permis de tester les solutions de l'approche détection et classification simultanées, en considérant les taux de bonne détection et de
fausse alarme sur 4 classes de défauts de rail. La transformée en ondelettes, le filtrage inverse et la séparation de sources par analyse en composantes indépendantes sont les outils de prétraitement qui ont été particulièrement détaillés dans ce contexte applicatif.
Une base de données, constituée à partir de mesures sur site labellisées, a permis de qualifier statistiquement les solutions de l'approche détection et classification successives. Une hiérarchisation des méthodes est proposée en fonction de leur capacité de généralisation, mais aussi de leur complexité et de leur aptitude à traiter le problème avec ou sans optimisation des espaces de représentation.
Laouti, Nassim. "Diagnostic de défauts par les Machines à Vecteurs Supports : application à différents systèmes mutivariables nonlinéaires." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00985437.
Full textSun, Zhenzhou. "Amélioration de la localisation de défauts dans les circuits digitaux par diagnostic au niveau transistor." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20018/document.
Full textThe rapid growth in semiconductor field results in an increasing complexity of digital circuits. The ability to identify the root cause of a failing digital circuit is becoming critical for defect localization. Logic diagnosis is the process of isolating the source of observed errors in a defective circuit, so that a physical failure analysis can be performed to determine the root cause of such errors. Effective and precise logic diagnosis is crucial to speed up the failure analysis and eventually to improve the yield.“Effect-Cause” and “Cause-Effect” are the two classical approaches for logic diagnosis. Logic diagnosis provides a list of gates as suspects. However, this approach may not leads to accurate results in the case of the defect is inside a gate.We propose a new intra-cell diagnosis method based on “Effect-Cause” approach to improve the defect localization accuracy at transistor level. The proposed approach exploits the CPT (Critical Path Tracing) applied at transistor level. For each suspected cell, we apply the CPT for every given failing test vector. The result is a preliminary list of candidates. Each candidate can be a net or a transistor drain, gate or source. After that, we apply the CPT for each passing test vector in order to narrow down the the list of candidates. The proposed method gives precise localization of the root cause of the observed errors. Moreover, it does not require the explicit use of a fault model
Faure, Gaëlle. "Etude de défauts critiques des installations solaires thermiques de grande dimension : définition, modélisation et diagnostic." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT100/document.
Full textLarge scale solar systems at low and medium temperature (80-120 °C) can provide renewable and competititve energy to district heating and industrial processes. These systems, which are capital-intensive and have low operating costs, present a long-term return on investment. Automated monitoring and fault detection and diagnosis are key elements to guarantee optimal performances during all the lifespan of the plant.This dissertation aims to analyze of the main faults, in a detection and diagnosis purpose. First, an exhaustive study of the dysfunctions that can affect the large scale solar systems enabled to identify the more frequent and serious faults, also called critical faults. Among these critical faults, six were selected for a more detailed study.To analyze the behavior of the system subjected to the studied faults, a numerical model was implemented. A new flat plate thermal solar collector model was particularly developed as existing ones do not detail enough several physical characteristics required for the reproduction of faults. An experimental validation of this model in normal and faulty operation showed that it enables a simple fault modelling and presents a realistic behavior.A methodology to numerically analyze the impact of the faults on the system behavior is then proposed. A set of features enabling the characterizing of this behavior are particularly defined. This approach is applied first at the scale of directly affected component then at system scale. The results enable to identify detectable and isolable faults, but also to propose a reduced set of features sufficient to properly detect and diagnose them.This work presents a methodologic base and first results to develop an automated algorithm for detection and diagnosis of critical faults of a large scale thermal solar system
Noura, Hassan. "Contribution à la commande des systèmes : diagnostic et commande des systèmes soumis à des défauts." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10208.
Full textForli, Lionel. "Test et diagnostic de défauts dans les interconnexions métalliques des circuits numériques par infrastructures "IP"." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX11044.
Full textEssone, Obame Hans. "Étude expérimentales des défauts de connecteurs encartables dorés et mise en oeuvre d'outils de diagnostic." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1S032.
Full textThis work has for objective the study of the default involving to low level thin gold layer connectors for printed circuit boards failure. Several parameters can be at origin of a «false contact» in this kind of connector: loss of force due to the relaxation of springs, corrosion and pollution. If solutions were brought to protect against the corrosion (gold deposit in contact areas), loss of the mechanical properties of the contacts is inevitable because of the long lasting of life planned by these connectors (40 years initially). Their remaining life expectancy represents a major stake and requires to be known. To answer it, evolution of various parameters that characterize these connectors, such as insertion force, contact force, springs deflection, and contact resistance, is studied for a high number of operations of insertion/withdrawal phases thanks to insertion and friction contacts benches realized. EDX Analysis of the contact areas is made to estimate importance of contact surface damages. . Once these parameters known, an innovative prototype sensor for force measurement was developed for connector, based on piezoresistive effect, allows direct measurement of contact force. A major observation during those measures of force with this sensor is variation of this one according to contacts. The geometric tolerance of connector housing is assumed to be the major explanation of these variations. A correlation is made between measurements obtained by force sensor and measurements of distances between springs (difference of gap) obtained thanks to a visual inspection system for connectors with the aim to find an effect of causality between those two parameters
Abramik, Stanisław. "Base de connaissance des défauts des systèmes électriques pour systèmes experts : contribution à l'étude du diagnostic de défaillance des convertisseurs statiques en temps réel." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT030H.
Full textGiap, Quang Huy. "Sur le diagnostic interactif." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENT105/document.
Full textThis PhD thesis studies the iterative diagnosis problems and provides thecomputer-aided diagnostic tool for interactive diagnosis. Different diagnosis processes wherethe tool to support human-machine interaction are useful, are presented. These tools help totackle difficulties related to the representation of a large number of elements in a system,difficulties related to the representation of the behavior functioning of a system and difficultiesencountered while expliciting the expertise. Our work led to the design of different interactivetools to support the diagnosis process. The first tool allows to exploit the structural-functionalmodeling to build and solve progressively a diagnosis problem. The second interactive toolallows to exploit the behavioral models built step by step in the diagnosis process and tosolve the diagnosis problem. The final tool was proposed to show that it is possible to takeinto account the implicit knowledge of an expert in order to solve the diagnosis problem.A diagnosis problem is therefore presented as an iterative process with human-machineinteractions
Hashemi, Nejad Hossein. "Synthèse intégrée du diagnostic de systèmes contrôlés en réseaux avec contraintes de communication." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00634526.
Full textSmail, Mostafa Kamel. "Développement d'une méthodologie dédiée à la réflectométrie en vue du diagnostic filaire." Paris 11, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA112296.
Full textThe embedded electronics in cars, aircraft, trains, and other transportation mean continues to grow. This increase is accompanied by an increase in the number of electronic systems (dedicated to safety and navigation), the coupling between the functions and the increase of the length of cables. These cables are often exposed to external stress (mechanical, temperature, humidity. . . ) which are often the cause of deterioration of the wiring network. Many problems currently appear referring to failures related to the cables and can sometimes have heavy consequences (fire, aircraft crash, breakdown of a vehicle. . . ). Fault location is an important asset, because it allows to focus the reparation in order to reduce the cost. The reliability of wire becomes dominant and the development of systems and procedures of wiring diagnosis appears urgent. We have developed a new approach allows diagnosing the health of a wiring network in order to detect, localize and characterize the defects. This methodology is based on two steps: a wire propagation model and a tool to solve the inverse problem. The propagation model describes the forward problem for wave propagation which along the transmission lines (simple or multiconductors) in time domain. The resolution of the inverse problem consists to deduce some knowledge about the defects from the reflectometry response. Two tools have been studied in this perspective: the genetic algorithms and the neural networks. The proposed method has given very good results in the analysis of different wiring configurations (simple lines and complex network) and faults type (soft and hard)
Li, Xiaoming. "Développement d'une méthode connexionniste pour la détection et le diagnostic de défauts de systèmes de chauffage." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529470.
Full textRodrigues, Mickael. "Diagnostic et Commande Active Tolérante aux Défauts appliqués aux Systèmes décrits par des Multi-Modèles Linéaires." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364804.
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