Journal articles: 'Al-Zn-Mg-Ag'

1

Macchi, C. E., A. Somoza, A. Dupasquier, and I. J. Polmear. "Secondary precipitation in Al–Zn–Mg–(Ag) alloys." Acta Materialia 51, no. 17 (October 2003): 5151–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-6454(03)00364-1.

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Zhong, Ji Fa, Zi Qiao Zheng, and Xian Fu Luo. "A New Ultrahigh Strength Al-Cu-Li Alloy." Materials Science Forum 794-796 (June 2014): 1050–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.794-796.1050.

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In this work, a new ultra-high strength Al-Cu-Li alloy was investigated. The ultimate strength, yield strength and elongation of the newly designed alloy by artificial aging are 647.2MPa, 609.4MPa and 7.3% respectively. Among the main strengthening phases of T1, θ′ and S′ in the experimental alloys, T1is the dominant one. The combined addition of Mg and Ag promoted the precipitation of T1and increased the strength of the new alloy greatly. Zn had a similar effect as Ag during the aging strengthening progress, when added with Mg. Among the three micro-alloying elements, Mg, Ag and Zn, Mg had the strongest influence on age strengthening. Compared with the combined additions of (Mg +Ag) and (Mg + Zn), (Ag + Zn) had the weakest influence on aging strengthening. Pre-deformation before aging promoted the precipitation of T1 phase which weakened the influence of micro-alloying elements (Mg, Ag and Zn) on strengthening the alloys and minished the strength difference between alloy containing (Mg + Ag + Zn) and alloys containing two of them.

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Ferragut, Rafael, A. Dupasquier, M. M. Iglesias, C. E. Macchi, Alberto Somoza, and Ian J. Polmear. "Vacancy-Solute Aggregates in Al-Zn-Mg-(Cu, Ag)." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.309.

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Positron annihilation spectroscopy in two versions (lifetime and coincidence Doppler broadening) has been applied to investigate solute/vacancy interactions when minor amounts (<1wt.%) of Ag or Cu are added to the alloy Al-4Zn-3Mg (wt.%) during ageing at 150°C. The results show early clustering of vacancies with Zn (and with Cu, if present). Ag displays a strong interaction with vacancies in competition with Mg and forms clusters that may help further aggregation of the other alloying elements during artificial ageing. High Mg concentration is observed at the misfit interfaces of semi-coherent or incoherent precipitates.

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Riontino, G., P. Mengucci, and S. Abis. "Precipitation sequence in an Al-Cu-Mg-Ag-Zn alloy." Philosophical Magazine A 72, no. 3 (September 1995): 765–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01418619508243799.

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5

Watanabe, Katsumi, Susumu Ikeno, Tomoo Yoshida, Satoshi Murakami, and Kenji Matsuda. "TEM Observation for Precipitates Structure of Aged Al-Zn-Mg Series Al Alloys Addition of Cu or Ag." Advanced Materials Research 922 (May 2014): 791–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.922.791.

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Al-Zn-Mg alloy has been known as one of the aluminum alloys with the good age-hardening ability and the high strength among commercial aluminum alloys. The mechanical property of the limited ductility, however, is required to further improvement. In this work, three alloys, which were added Cu or Ag into the Al-Zn-Mg alloy, were prepared to compare the effect of the additional elements on the aging behavior. Ag or Cu added alloy showed higher maximum hardness than Ag or Cu free alloy. The η’ phase were observed in all alloys peak-aged at 423K. According to addition of Ag or Cu, the number density of the precipitates increased than Ag or Cu free alloy.

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Mukhopadhyay, A. K., K. Satya Prasad, Vikas Kumar, G. Madhusudhan Reddy, S. V. Kamat, and V. K. Varma. "Key Microstructural Features Responsible for Improved Stress Corrosion Cracking Resistance and Weldability in 7xxx Series Al Alloys Containing Micro / Trace Alloying Additions." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 315–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.315.

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The commercial 7xxx series Al alloys are based on medium strength Al-Zn-Mg and high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu systems. The medium strength alloys are weldable, whilst the high strength alloys are nonweldable. On the other hand, the Cu-free, weldable alloys suffer from poor SCC resistance. It is the purpose of this article to provide quantitative data and microstructural analysis to demonstrate that small additions of either Ag or Sc to Al-Zn-Mg and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys bring about very significant improvement in SCC resistance and weldability, respectively. The improvement in SCC resistance of the Cu-bearing alloys due to over aging and retrogression and reaging (RRA) is further discussed in light of a similar improvement in the SCC resistance of these alloys, when peak aged, due to Ag and Sc additions.

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Mizutani, U., and A. Kamiya. "Electronic specific heat measurements for quasicrystals and Frank-Kasper crystals in Mg-Al-Ag, Mg-Al-Cu, Mg-Al-Zn, Mg-Ga-Zn and Al-Li-Cu alloy systems." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 3, no. 21 (May 27, 1991): 3711–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/3/21/004.

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Zhang, Xi Yan, Feng Jiang, Shi-jie Zhou, Chong Jia, Min Zhao, and Xue Qin Li. "Study on Microstructure and Properties of Mg-9Al-xZn Alloys." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 477–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.477.

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Some Zn and a little Ag are added into ZM5 magnesium alloy (one of Mg-9 wt%Al-1 wt%Zn alloys in China), and the differences of the microstructures and properties between the new alloy and ZM5 is investigated. Effects of heat treatment and alloying elements (Zn and Ag) on the microstructure and tensile properties of Mg-9Al-xZn alloys, and relationships between the chemical composition, microstructure and properties are investigated. Zn ad Ag have obvious solid solution strengthening effects on Mg-9Al-xZn alloy, while Ag is detrimental to the corrosion resistance after being artificial aged. The morphology of pearlite-like secondary γ(Mg17Al12) phase (γII) has close relation with the properties.

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Mizutani, U., Y. Sakabe, and T. Matsuda. "Electronic properties of icosahedral quasicrystals in Mg-Al-Ag, Mg-Al-Cu and Mg-Zn-Ga alloy systems." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2, no. 28 (July 16, 1990): 6153–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/2/28/006.

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10

Ning, Ai Lin, Zhi Yi Liu, Chun Feng, and Su Min Zeng. "Effect of Second Phases on Tensile Property in Artificial Ageing and RRA Process of Super-High Strength Aluminum Alloy." Materials Science Forum 546-549 (May 2007): 855–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.855.

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The evolution of second phases and its effect on tensile mechanical property in artificial ageing and RRA process of super-high strength aluminum alloy is investigated.The result of tensile test shows that the samples of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Ag alloy aged at lower temperature(100°C) not only have higher tensile strength up to 753Mpa but also relatively higher tensile elongation above 9% than normal temperature(120°C) in artificial ageing. The sample of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy has the highest tension strength upto 788Mpa when aged at 100°C for 48 hours in single step of artificial ageing. Further more in RRA process samples of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy preaged at 100°C for 24 hours retrogressed at 200°C for 7min and reaged at 100°Cfor 24 hours present the best tensile strength of 795Mpa than others. The tensile strength of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy after RRA treated decreases with prolonging of retrogression time and reageing time starting from 7mins and 24 houres respectively. SEM observation shows that crack of the samples in tensile test is created at large particles in the fracture while there are more particles of undissolved phase in Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy containing Ag. TEM observation shows that the dominant strengthening particle corresponding to the peak strength of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy containing Ag when aged at 120°C for 8 hours is η’ phase while dominant strengthening particle is G.P zone when aged at 100°C for 80 hours. However, η’ phase as the dominant strengthening particles corresponds to the peak strength of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy without content of Ag when aged at 100°C for 48hours. TEM observation also shows that G.P zone as strengthening particle is dominant in the samples of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy reaged at 100°C for 24 hours, and strengthening particles is coarsened when the sample is retrogressed at 200°C and reaged for a longer time. It is suggested that whether at the presence of coarse particles of undissolved phases or when G.P zone and η’ particle grow up in the retrogression ,sample needs deformable G.P zone instead of undeformable η’ in subsequent artificial ageing and reageing as dominant strengthening particle, in order to present a larger freedom spacing for dislocation to slip and let the sample not to behave too brittle to display high resistance to imposed plastic deformation or high tensile strength.

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11

Watanabe, Katsumi, Kenji Matsuda, Susumu Ikeno, Tomoo Yoshida, and Satoshi Murakami. "TEM Observation of Precipitate Structures in Al-Zn-Mg Alloys with Additions of Cu/Ag." Materials Science Forum 794-796 (June 2014): 985–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.794-796.985.

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Al-Zn-Mg alloy has been known as one of the aluminum alloys with the good age-hardening ability and the high strength among commercial aluminum alloys. The mechanical property of the limited ductility, however, is required to further improvement. In this work, three alloys, which were added Cu or Ag into the Al-Zn-Mg alloy, were prepared to compare the effect of the additional elements on the aging behavior. The content of Ag and Cu were 0.2at.% and the same as, respectively. Ag or Cu added alloy showed higher maximum hardness than base alloy. The particle shape and rod shape precipitates were observed in all alloys peak-aged at 423K. According to addition of Ag or Cu, the number density of the precipitates increased higher than that of base alloy.

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12

Li, Ying, Chengwen Tan, Xiaodong Yu, Zhihua Nie, Xiuchen Zhao, Jianmin Han, Shenpo Yuan, Mingyu Zhao, Chuanbin Guo, and Fuchi Wang. "Evolution of β Mg17Al12 in Mg Al Zn Ag alloy over time." Materials Science and Engineering: A 754 (April 2019): 470–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.03.094.

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13

Fujikawa, S., Y. Akutsu, and Ken-Ichi Hirano. "Kinetic Studies on the Precipitate-Free Zones in Al-Ag and AL-Zn-Mg Alloys." Materials Science Forum 13-14 (January 1987): 505–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.13-14.505.

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14

Yu, Zijing, Jianguo Gao, Zhaofang Su, Hongchang Zhang, Yinan Li, and Zilong Peng. "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ31B/LY12 Joints Using Zn/Ag–Cu–Zn/Zn Multi-Interlayers via Ultrasound-Assisted Transient Liquid Phase Bonding." Metals 12, no. 6 (May 26, 2022): 909. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12060909.

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The use of a Zn/Ag–Cu–Zn/Zn multi-interlayer was observed to avoid the formation of Mg–Al binary intermetallic compounds (IMCs), which cause embrittlement and low strength of bonding when dissimilar metals such as Mg/Al are joined using ultrasound-assisted transient liquid phase bonding (U-TLP). The change in the microstructure and mechanical properties of the AZ31B/LY12 joints at 410, 440, and 460 °C with prolonging ultrasonic treatment (UST) time was investigated. The results showed that the diffusion of Ag and Cu was faster into the brazing seam on the LY12 side than that on the AZ31B side with increasing UST and temperature. The IMCs on both sides of the joints were transformed with the diffusion of Ag and Cu. The transformation made the fracture path shift from the AZ31B side (410, 440 °C) to the LY12 side (460 °C), and the maximum shear strength of the joints from 43.3 (410 °C) to 65.7 (440 °C) to 84.7 MPa (460 °C). The IMCs on the surface of the fracture path corresponding to the joints with optimal mechanical properties changed from Mg7Zn3+MgZn2+α-Mg (410 °C) to MgZnCu+Mg7Zn3 (440 °C) to Al2Cu (460 °C).

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15

Watanabe, K., K. Matsuda, S. Ikeno, T. Yoshida, and S. Murakami. "Tem Observation Of Precipitate Structures In Al-Zn-Mg Alloys With Additions Of Cu/Ag." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 977–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0244.

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AbstractAl-Zn-Mg alloy has been known as one of the aluminum alloys with the good age-hardening ability and the high strength among commercial aluminum alloys. The mechanical property of the limited ductility, however, is required to further improvement. In this work, three alloys, which were added Cu or Ag into the Al-Zn-Mg alloy, were prepared to compare the effect of the additional elements on the aging behavior. The content of Ag and Cu were 0.2at.% and the same as, respectively. Ag or Cu added alloy showed higher maximum hardness than base alloy. The particle shape and rod shape precipitates were observed in all alloys peak-aged at 423K. According to addition of Ag or Cu, the number density of the precipitates increased higher than that of base alloy.

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16

Wu, Mingdong, Daihong Xiao, Xinkai Wang, Lanping Huang, and Wensheng Liu. "Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behaviors of Al–Li–Cu–Mg–Ag–Zn Alloys." Materials 15, no. 2 (January 7, 2022): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15020443.

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Combined with microstructure characterization and properties tests, the effects of Zn contents on the mechanical properties, corrosion behaviors, and microstructural evolution of extruded Al–Li–Cu–Mg–Ag alloys were investigated. The results show that the increase in Zn contents can accelerate hardening kinetics and improve the hardness of peak-aged alloys. The Zn-added alloys present non-recrystallization characteristics combined with partially small recrystallized grains along the grain boundaries, while the T1 phase with finer dimension and higher number density could explain the constantly increasing tensile strength. In addition, increasing Zn contents led to a lower corrosion current density and a shallower maximum intergranular corrosion depth, thus improving the corrosion resistance of the alloys. Zn addition, distributed in the central layer of T1 phases, not only facilitates the precipitation of more T1 phases but also reduces the corrosion potential difference between the T1 phase and the matrix. Therefore, adding 0.57 wt.% Zn to the alloy has an excellent combination of tensile strength and corrosion resistance. The properties induced by Zn under the T8 temper (solid solution treatment + water quenching + 5% pre-strain+ isothermal aging), however, are not as apparent as the T6 temper (solid solution treatment + water quenching + isothermal aging).

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Takahashi, Tomoshi, Koji Hisayuki, Toshimi Yamane, and Yoritoshi Minamino. "Quaternary Diffusion in the α Solid Solutions of Al-Zn-Mg-Ag Alloys." Defect and Diffusion Forum 194-199 (April 2001): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.194-199.235.

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Yao, Jian-Gang, Rong-Kai Pan, Yong Jiang, Deng-Feng Yin, and Hua Wang. "Solute-second phase interaction for Mg, Ag and Zn in Al–Li alloys." Philosophical Magazine 100, no. 12 (February 17, 2020): 1539–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14786435.2020.1725249.

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19

Zhu, Qianqian, Lingfei Cao, Xiaodong Wu, Yan Zou, and Malcolm J. Couper. "Effect of Ag on age-hardening response of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys." Materials Science and Engineering: A 754 (April 2019): 265–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2019.03.090.

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20

Kogtenkova, Olga, Boris Straumal, Anna Korneva, Tomasz Czeppe, Anna Wierzbicka-Miernik, Marek Faryna, and Pawel Zięba. "Grain Boundary Complexions and Phase Transformations in Al- and Cu-Based Alloys." Metals 9, no. 1 (December 21, 2018): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met9010010.

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High-pressure torsion has been used to obtain the ultra-fine grained (UFG) state with a high specific area of grain boundaries (GBs) in Al-Zn, Al-Mg, Cu-Ag, Cu-Co, and Cu-Ni solid solutions with face-centered cubic (fcc) lattices. The UFG samples were heated in a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Small endothermic peaks in the DSC curves were observed in the one-phase solid-solution area of the respective phase diagrams, i.e., far away from the bulk solidus and solvus lines. A possible explanation of these endothermic peaks is based on the hypothesis of phase transformations between GB complexions. This hypothesis has been supported by observations with transmission electron microscopy and electron backscattering diffraction. The new lines of GB phase transformations have been constructed in the Al-Zn, Al-Mg, Cu-Ag, Cu-Co, and Cu-Ni bulk phase diagrams.

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Tu, Teng, Xianhua Chen, Tao Chen, Chunquan Liu, and Fusheng Pan. "Microstructure and mechanical properties of rolled Mg–Gd–Zn–Zr–Ag–Al–Li alloys." International Journal of Materials Research 111, no. 8 (August 12, 2020): 645–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/146.111928.

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Ogura, Tomo, Takahiro Oda, and Tatsuo Sato. "Effects of Zn- and Mg-contents for increasing strength and ductility of Al–Zn–Mg alloys with trace Mn- and Ag-additions." Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 69, no. 3 (March 25, 2019): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2464/jilm.69.166.

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23

Davies, M., and P. Weightman. "Erratum: Hybridization and screening effects in the MgKL1VAuger spectra of Mg-Ni, Mg-Cu, Mg-Zn, Mg-Pd, Mg-Ag, and Mg-Al alloys." Physical Review B 32, no. 12 (December 15, 1985): 8423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.32.8423.

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Franková, Hana, Ivona Jančo, and Natália Čeryová. "The content of silver, aluminum, and zinc in wild edible mushroom Macrolepiota procera." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 15 (August 31, 2021): 758–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1673.

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The content of selected elements (Ag, Al, and Zn) in wild edible Parasol mushroom (Macrolepiota procera Scop. Singer) collected from five sites in Slovakia – Lazy pod Makytou, Lozorno, Nemečky, Tesáre, and Zbyňov was investigated. The element analysis was determined using the ICP-OES method. The average concentrations of Ag, Al, and Zn in M. procera caps ranged as follows: 0.41 – 3.23, 16.6 – 113, and 73.4 – 111 mg kg-1 dry weight, respectively. Also, Spearman’s correlation test was used to determine the correlations between Parasol mushroom caps and stems in the content of Ag, Al, and Zn. Subsequently, the obtained data on the content of the monitored elements in M. procera caps were used for the evaluation of health risks arising from the consumption of M. procera. Although mushrooms are an important part of the diet, they are consumed mainly as a seasonal delicacy therefore, the intake of the monitored elements from the consumption of M. procera may be limited. Regular and long-term consumption of M. procera caps from investigated sites does not pose any health risks to the consumers.

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TÜRKMEN, Aysun, and Çiğdem DİZDAR. "Determination of Heavy Metal and Mineral Substance Levels of Some Plant Species From Harvest to Kitchen in Giresun." Karadeniz Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 12, no. 1 (June 15, 2022): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.31466/kfbd.999728.

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Bu çalışmada, Giresun ilinde yetişen 7 farklı bitki türünde (nane, altın otu, yaş çay, kekik, ısırgan otu, kuşburnu ve ıhlamur) Cd, Pb, Fe, Zn, Cu, Al, Cr, Co, Mn, Ni, Ag, Li, Na, Mg, B ve K olmak üzere 16 elementin konsantrasyonları belirlenmiştir. Numuneler Haziran-Ekim 2021 aylarında yetişme mevsiminde toplanmıştır. Numuneler kurutulduktan sonra mikrodalgada yakılarak ICP-OES cihazında okumaları yapılmıştır. Farklı bitki türleri ile yapmış olduğumuz çalışmamızda metal değerleri ortalama mg/kg olarak; Cd:0,62±0,02, Pb:0,44±0,08, Fe:153±20,4, Zn:44,5±1,21, Cu:11,1±0,95, Al:926±419, Cr:1,64±0,22, Co:0,48±0,09, Mn:588±272, Ni:2,51±0,50, Li:0,18±0,02, Na:656±20,5, Mg:3503±431,2, B:26,7±3,36, K:22527±2145 olarak bulunmuştur, Ag ise hiçbir bitki örneğinde tespit edilmemiştir. Sonuçlar tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Tukey testi yardımıyla istatistiksel açıdan değerlendirilmiş ve bulunan değerler literatür çalışmaları ve WHO’nun müsaade edilen limit değerleri ile kıyaslanmıştır.

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Ogura, Tomo, Shoichi Hirosawa, Alfred Cerezo, and Tatsuo Sato. "Quantitative Correlation between Strength, Ductility and Precipitate Microstructures with PFZ in Al-Zn-Mg(-Ag, Cu) Alloys." Materials Science Forum 519-521 (July 2006): 431–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.519-521.431.

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The quantitative correlation between strength, ductility and precipitate microstructures in the vicinity of grain boundaries with precipitate free zones (PFZ) was evaluated for Al-Zn-Mg(-Ag, Cu) alloys using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), three-dimensional atom probe (3DAP) and tensile test. In the Al-Zn-Mg ternary and Cu-added alloys aged at 433K, larger widths of PFZ were observed by TEM and resulted in lower elongations to fracture, independent of the size of grain boundary precipitates. On the other hand, the elongation of the Ag-added alloy was higher, if compared at the same levels of proof stress, due to the much smaller width of PFZ. This strongly suggests that PFZ is harmful to fracture of the investigated alloys. From a 3DAP analysis, furthermore, it was revealed that Ag and Cu atoms are incorporated in the nanoclusters from the initial stage of aging. In this work, the elongation was well correlated to the width of PFZ, size of grain boundary precipitates and the level of proof stress, enabling to predict ductility of the alloys from known microstructural factors.

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Gao, Q., H. Zhang, R. Yang, Z. Fan, Y. Liu, J. Wang, X. Geng, et al. "Effect of alloying elements on the stacking fault energies of dilute al-based alloys." Journal of Mining and Metallurgy, Section B: Metallurgy 54, no. 2 (2018): 185–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jmmb180107007g.

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A systematic study of the stacking fault energy (?SF) for the dilute Al-based alloys (Al23X, Al47X and Al71X, where X = Al, Ag, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Ga, Ge, Hf, In, K, La, Li, Mn, Mg, Ni, Na, Pb, Sc, Sn, Sr, Si, Ti, V, Zn, and Zr) has been performed by means of first-principles calculations. Alias shear deformation is adopted in the present investigations. The presently calculated ?SF for Al is in favorable accordance with experimental and other theoretical data. For the targeted elements, the calculations indicate that Na, Si, K, Ca, Sc, Ga, Ge, Sr, Zr, In, Sn, La, Hf, and Pb, in any concentration we considered, decrease the ?SF of Al, while Ag, Be, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Fe, Li, Mn, Mg, Ni, Ti, V, and Zn increase the ?SF of Al, when the concentration of alloying elements is 1.39 at. % in the system. With increasing concentration of alloying elements, Li, Mg, V, Ti, and Cd change from increasing the ?SF of Al to decreasing it, based on present investigations. Among the alloying elements, which decrease the ?SF of Al, La decreases the ?SF most significantly. It is also found that the ?SF of Al-X generally decreases with the increase of equilibrium volume. The results obtained in the present work provide an insight into the design of Al based alloys.

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Luo, Qingcheng, Songbai Xue, and Jie Wu. "Influences of Sn on Properties of Ag-Based and Cu-Based Brazing Filler Metals." Crystals 11, no. 11 (November 18, 2021): 1403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11111403.

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Ag-based and Cu-based brazing filler metals, which are the most widely used brazing materials in industrial manufacturing, have excellent gap-filling properties and can braze almost all the metallic materials and their alloys, except for the low-melting-point metals such as Al and Mg. Therefore, Ag-based and Cu-based brazing filler metals have attracted great attention. In this review, three series of typical Ag-based filler metals: the Ag-Cu, Ag-Cu-Zn, and Ag-Cu-Zn-Sn alloys; and three series of Cu-based filler metals: the crystalline and amorphous Cu-P filler metals, as well as the Cu-Zn filler metals, were chosen as the representatives. The latest research progress on Sn-containing Ag-based and Cu-based brazing filler metals is summarized, and the influences of Sn on the melting characteristics, wettability, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the selected filler metals are analyzed. Based on these, the problems and corresponding solutions in the investigation and application of the Sn-containing Ag-based and Cu-based filler metals are put forward, and the research and development trends of these filler metals are proposed.

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Palacios-Lazcano, A. F., J. L. Luna-Sánchez, J. Jiménez-Gallegos, Francisco Cruz-Gandarilla, and J. Gerardo Cabañas-Moreno. "Hydrogen Storage in Nanostructured Mg-Base Alloys." Journal of Nano Research 5 (February 2009): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.5.213.

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Powders of elemental Mg, Zn, Al and Ag were milled in order to produce nanocrystalline alloys with nominal composition Mg98M2 (M=Zn, Al and Ag). Pure Mg was also mechanically milled without any additions. Single-phase nanocrystalline (crystal size 24-26 nm) Mg98M2 alloys were produced after 216 ks of milling. A passivity procedure was followed immediately after milling, by gradually exposing the alloy powders to air (~ 12 hrs). After this procedure, the mechanically alloyed powders were kept under argon atmosphere before being hydrided at 200 and 300 °C under 0.5 and 3 MPa P for 10 min. Previously milled (~ 1.5 years before) and passivated powder alloys (stored in air and referred to as “AE” samples) were also hydrided under the same conditions. No hydriding was observed in the as-received Mg powders (crystal size >> 100 nm), but the as-milled, passivated nanocrystalline alloys were partially hydrided (even the AE samples). The amounts of the MgH2 phase in the hydrided samples were larger in the Ar-stored than in the AE samples under all hydriding conditions. The possible role of MgO and Mg hydroxides, as well as of the alloying elements, on the hydriding behavior of the nanostructured, mechanically alloyed powder alloys is discussed.

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LIU, Qing, Rui-hua ZHU, Jin-feng LI, Yong-lai CHEN, Xu-hu ZHANG, Long ZHANG, and Zi-qiao ZHENG. "Microstructural evolution of Mg, Ag and Zn micro-alloyed Al–Cu–Li alloy during homogenization." Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 26, no. 3 (March 2016): 607–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1003-6326(16)64149-3.

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Hasan, F., and G. W. Lorimer. "An analytical electron microscopic investigation of precipitation in an Al-Cu-Zn-Mg-Ag alloy." Microscopy Research and Technique 24, no. 4 (March 1, 1993): 359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070240409.

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Furlani, Ângela Maria Cangiani, Pedro Roberto Furlani, Anderson Rotter Meda, and Aildson Pereira Duarte. "Efficiency of maize cultivars for zinc uptake and use." Scientia Agricola 62, no. 3 (June 2005): 264–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-90162005000300010.

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Zinc deficiency usually occurs in maize grown in Brazilian acidic soils. The aim of this study was to evaluate commercial maize cultivars for their Zn uptake and utilization efficiency. A greenhouse experiment using nutrient solution with young plants was carried out at Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2002. Treatments consisted of: 0.0; 0.1; 0.2; 0.4 and 0.8 mg L-1 Zn in the main plots and 24 commercial maize cultivars in the subplots, in a randomized complete block design. Zn concentration in shoot dry matter (SDM) ranged from 28.4 to 41.6 mg kg-1 among cultivars, clearly indicating a dilution effect, since a negative relation between SDM and plant height was shown. Total Zn-shoot content was a good parameter to discriminate cultivars, once correlated with plant height and SDM (r = 0.66** and r = 0.67**, respectively). Analysis of variance and polynomial regression for total Zn-shoot content was highly significant among cultivars and for the interaction cultivar vs Zn-concentration. Plants under low Zn presented up to three-fold differences among efficiency index values (E.I. = 8.59 to 26.42 mg² DM mug-1 Zn). The results with young plants indicated six maize cultivars classified as Zn-efficient and responsive (AG 7575, Tork, AL Bandeirante, AL 34, AGN 2012, Master) and six cultivars classified as efficient non-responsive (P30F33, P30K75, P30F80, AS 1533, DOW 8420 e AL 30). Other nutrient concentrations in the SDM were within normal limits (K, P, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn) for maize young plants.

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Ogura, Tomo, Shoichi Hirosawa, and Tatsuo Sato. "Improvement of Strength and Ductility by Controlling PFZ with Microalloying Elements in Al-Zn-Mg Alloys." Materials Science Forum 561-565 (October 2007): 235–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.561-565.235.

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The effectiveness of microalloying addition and two-step aging on the mechanical properties of the Al-Zn-Mg alloy has been investigated using TEM, tensile test and nanoindentation. By decreasing width of PFZ and size of grain boundary precipitates through the addition of (Ag+Sn) or two-step aging process, tensile properties of Al-Zn-Mg alloys are markedly improved. The elongation was quantitatively related to the three microstructural factors; i.e. the width of PFZ, size of grain boundary precipitates and the level of proof stress, to predict ductility of the alloys with known microstructural factors. The fracture mode change is reasonably in terms of the hardness difference between grain interiors and PFZ region by a noindentation technique.

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Rousis, Nikolaos I., Ioannis N. Pasias, and Nikolaos S. Thomaidis. "Attenuation of interference in collision/reaction cell inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, using helium and hydrogen as cell gases – application to multi-element analysis of mastic gum." Anal. Methods 6, no. 15 (2014): 5899–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ay00452c.

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A collision/reaction cell ICP-MS was used to develop a method for the multi-element determination of Na, Mg, Al, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Nb, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sb, Cs, Ba, Hg and Pb in mastic gum.

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Choubert, J. M., M. Pomiès, S. Martin Ruel, and M. Coquery. "Influent concentrations and removal performances of metals through municipal wastewater treatment processes." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 9 (May 1, 2011): 1967–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.126.

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This extensive study aimed at quantifying the concentrations and removal efficiency of 23 metals and metalloids in domestic wastewater passing through full-scale plants. Nine facilities were equipped with secondary biological treatment and three facilities were equipped with a tertiary treatment stage. The metals investigated were Li, B, Al, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Mo, Ag, Cd, Sn, Sb, Ba, Tl, Pb and U. Particulate and dissolved metals were measured using 24 h composite samples at each treatment stage. In influents, total concentrations of Cd, Sb, Co, Se, U, Ag, V were below a few μg/L, whereas at the other extremity Zn, B, Fe, Ti, Al were in the range of 0.1 to >1 mg/L. It was demonstrated that secondary treatment stage (activated sludge, biodisc and membrane bioreactor) were efficient to remove most metals (removal rate > 70%), with the exception of B, Li, Rb, Mo, Co, As, Sb and V due to their low adsorption capacities. With the tested tertiary stages (polishing pond, rapid chemical settler, ozonation), a removal efficiency was obtained for Ti, Cr, Cd, Cu, Zn, Sn, Pb, Fe, Ag and Al, whereas a little removal (<30%) was obtained for other metals.

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Dou, Yuchen, Hong Luo, Jing Zhang, and Xiaohua Tang. "Generalized Stacking Fault Energy of {10-11}<11-23> Slip System in Mg-Based Binary Alloys: A First Principles Study." Materials 12, no. 9 (May 11, 2019): 1548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12091548.

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In this work, the generalized stacking fault energies (GSFEs) of {10-11}<11-23> slip system in a wide range of Mg-X (X = Ag, Al, Bi, Ca, Dy, Er, Gd, Ho, Li, Lu, Mn, Nd, Pb, Sc, Sm, Sn, Y, Yb, Zn and Zr) binary alloys has been studied. The doping concentration in the doping plane and the Mg-X system is 12.5 at.% and 1.79 at.%, respectively. Two slip modes (slip mode I and II) were considered. For pure magnesium, these two slip modes are equivalent to each other. However, substituting a solute atom into the magnesium matrix will cause different effects on these two slip modes. Based on the calculated GSFEs, two design maps were constructed to predict solute effects on the behavior of the {10-11}<11-23> dislocations. The design maps suggest that the addition of Ag, Al, Ca, Dy, Er, Gd, Ho, Lu, Nd, Sm, Y, Yb and Zn could facilitate the {10-11}<11-23> dislocations.

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Guo, Cheng, Haitao Zhang, and Jiehua Li. "Influence of Zn and/or Ag additions on microstructure and properties of Al-Mg based alloys." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 904 (May 2022): 163998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.163998.

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Maloney, Sally K., Ian J. Polmear, and Simon P. Ringer. "Characteristics of η' and η₄ Precipitates in Ag-Modified Al-Zn-Mg Alloys." Materials Science Forum 396-402 (July 2002): 631–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.396-402.631.

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Ogura, Tomo, Shoichi Hirosawa, Alfred Cerezo, and Tatsuo Sato. "Atom probe tomography of nanoscale microstructures within precipitate free zones in Al–Zn–Mg(–Ag) alloys." Acta Materialia 58, no. 17 (October 2010): 5714–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2010.06.046.

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Wahid, D. N. A., R. Jawan, W. F. W. M. Nazarie, J. A. Gansau, A. Syahir, and M. K. Sabullah. "Comparison of macro, trace and ultra-trace minerals contents of kelulut honey (Heterotrigona itama sp) from the West Coast of Sabah." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2314, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2314/1/012002.

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Abstract Various minerals in Kelulut honey possess a high value in human health and are crucial in regulating multiple biological metabolisms. However, each mineral from different honey sources needs to be monitored to avoid contamination and food poisoning. In addition, the amount of minerals content varies based on geographical region and nectar sources. This study aims to identify and determine the minerals content in Kelulut honey samples collected from different locations on the West Coast of Sabah. The samples were analyzed using ICP-OES, and a total of 20 minerals elements (Ag, Al, As, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Rb, Se, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn) were presented. The most abundant minerals which are categorized as macro minerals present in all the samples are K (1821.253 ± 35.16 mg/kg), followed by Na (371.00±5.06 mg/kg), Ca (338.643±3.07 mg/kg), and Mg (98.899±1.77 mg/kg). While from the group of minor minerals, Zn had the highest amount with a mean concentration of 6.38±10.35 mg/kg, followed by Mn (2.04±1.61 mg/kg), Cu (1.26±2.97mg/kg). No toxic elements were detected except for Ag (0.06±0.01 mg/kg), considered unbeneficial minerals, and the concentration was considered no harmful effect on the biological system.

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Stafilov, Trajče, Robert Šajn, and Ivana Mickovska. "DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN SOIL FROM CRN DRIM RIVER BASIN, REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA." Contributions, Section of Natural, Mathematical and Biotechnical Sciences 40, no. 1 (June 10, 2019): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.20903/csnmbs.masa.2019.40.1.133.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of chemical elements in topsoil and subsoil, focusing on the identification of natural and anthropogenic element sources in the area of the Crn Drim River Basin, Republic of Macedonia. For that purpose, by using sampling network of 5 × 5 km, 124 soil samples from 62 locations (topsoil and bottom soil) were collected. In total 60 elements were analysed, from which 18 elements (Ag, Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, V и Zn) were analysed by inductively coupled plasma - atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and an additional 42 elements were analysed by ICP - mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to the obtained data. Factor analysis applied to the ICP-AES results produced four geogenic fac-tors: F1 (Ba and K); F2 (Ag, Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn), F3 (Cr, Fe, Na, Ni and V) and F4 (Al, Ca, Mg and Mn). Data ob-tained from the distribution maps and data analysis on soil samples, indicate the natural occurrence of the analysed ele-ments as well as low concentrations of heavy metals in the studied area.

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Jiang, Shao-Yong, Martin R. Palmer, and John F. Slack. "Alkali-deficient tourmaline from the Sullivan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit, British Columbia." Mineralogical Magazine 61, no. 409 (December 1997): 853–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1997.061.409.08.

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AbstractAlkali-deficient tourmalines are found in albitized rocks from the hanging-wall of the Sullivan Pb-Zn-Ag deposit (British Columbia, Canada). They approximate the Mg-equivalent of foitite with an idealized formula □(Mg2Al)Al6Si6O18(BO3)3(OH)4. Major chemical substitutions in the tourmalines are the alkali-defect type [Na*(x) + Mg*(Y) = □(x) + Al(Y)] and the uvite type [Na*(x) + Al(Y) = Ca(x) + Mg*(Y)], where Na* = Na + K, Mg* = Mg + Fe + Mn. The occurrence of these alkali-deficient tourmalines reflects a unique geochemical environment that is either alkali-depleted overall or one in which the alkalis preferentially partitioned into coexisting minerals (e.g. albite).Some of the alkali-deficient tourmalines have unusually high Mn contents (up to 1.5 wt.% MnO) compared to other Sullivan tourmalines. Manganese has a strong preference for incorporation into coexisting garnet and carbonate at Sullivan, thus many tourmalines in Mn-rich rocks are poor in Mn (<0.2 wt.% MnO). It appears that the dominant controls over the occurrence of Mn-rich tourmalines at Sullivan are the local availability of Mn and the lack of other coexisting minerals that may preferentially incorporate Mn into their structures.

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Kravtsova, Alexandra, Nataliya Milchakova, and Marina Frontasyeva. "Elemental accumulation in the black sea brown algae cystoseira studied by neutron activation analysis." Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S 21, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eces-2014-0001.

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Abstract For the first time the concentration of 26 macro- and microelements (Na, Mg, Al, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Br, Rb, Sr, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, Sm, Nd, Ag, Au, and U) in the thalli of brown algae Cystoseira barbata C. Ag. and Cystoseira crinita (Desf.) Bory was determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA), Sevastopol region, south-western Crimea, the Black Sea. The observed peculiarities of the elemental accumulation showed that Cystoseira spp. can be used as a biomonitor of coastal waters pollution in the study area.

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Zinkutė, Rimantė, Ričardas Taraškevičius, and Tomas Želvys. "Major elements as possible factors of trace element urban pedochemical anomalies." Open Chemistry 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2011): 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-011-0012-z.

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AbstractThe relationship between real total contents of the major elements Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Ti, Fe and the trace elements Ag, As, B, Ba, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V, U, Zn in topsoil from the central part of Vilnius is analysed. The amounts of most elements were determined by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence, while amounts of Ag, B, Co were measured by optical atomic emission spectrophotometry. Two factors were distinguished according to major elements: anthropogenic (A) including Ca, Mg, Fe, P, S and clayey (C) including K, Al, Ti. Boron, Mn, Cr and U are significantly correlated with members of both factors, Sb with none of them and other trace elements either with all (Cu, Zn, Pb, Se, Ba, Ni, Co) or with separate (V, Ag, Sn, Mo, As) members of the A-factor. Only B, Mn, Cr, U (partly their additive index Z1) are influenced by the C-factor, while twelve other trace elements (also their additive index Z2) are influenced by the A-factor. The additive index Z of all 17 elements is also affected by the A-factor. Four groups of sites have been distinguished according to normal or higher contents of both factors. The majority of trace element anomalies are related to the sites affected by the A-factor.

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Zaksas, Natalia P., Svetlana E. Soboleva, and Georgy A. Nevinsky. "Twenty Element Concentrations in Human Organs Determined by Two-Jet Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry." Scientific World Journal 2019 (October 24, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9782635.

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In this paper, we have performed determination of the concentration of twenty elements in seven human organs (spleen, liver, kidney, muscle, heart, lungs, and brain) using two-jet plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The method allows multielemental analysis of solid samples without wet acid digestion. Before analysis, all human organs were first dried, ground to powders, and carbonized. The relative content of elements in each of the seven organs was very different depending on the donor. The average content of twenty elements in various organs varied in the following ranges (μg/g of dry weight): Ag (<0.02–0.2), Al (2.1–263), B (<0.5–2.5), Ca (323–1650), Cd (<0.1–114), Co (<0.2–1.0), Cr (<0.5–4.0), Cu (4.2–47), Fe (156–2900), Mg (603–1305), Mn (0.47–8.5), Mo (<0.2–4.9), Ni (<0.3–3.1), Pb (<0.3–1.9), Si (31.6–2390), Sn (<0.3–3.2), Sr (0.2–1.0), Ti (<2–31, mainly in lungs), and Zn (120–292). The concentration range of Ba in organs of five donors was <0.2–6.9 and 2.0–5600 for one donor with pneumoconiosis (baritosis). The maximum element contents were found, respectively, in the following organs: Al, B, Cr, Ni, Si, Sn, Sr, Ti (lungs), Fe (lungs and spleen), Mn (liver and kidney), Ag and Mo (liver), Ca (lungs and kidney), Cu (brain), Cd (kidney), Pb (brain), and Zn (liver, kidney, and muscle). The minimal content of elements was observed, respectively, in the following organs: Ag (all organs except liver), Ba (spleen, muscles, and brain), Ca and Mg (liver), Si (liver, muscle, and brain), Cd and Sr (heart and brain), Al, Cu, Fe, and Mn (muscle), and Zn (spleen and brain). The analysis of possible biological role and reasons for the increased content of some elements in the organs analyzed was carried out.

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Wicaksono, Damar, Tatag Lindu Bhakti, Restiadi Bayu Taruno, Melvin Rahma Sayuga Subroto, and Anita Mustikasari. "A galvanic-based dissolved oxygen level monitoring sensor system in freshwater ponds." Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer 9, no. 2 (March 5, 2021): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jtsiskom.2021.13996.

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This study aims to develop low-cost and environmentally friendly material galvanic-based dissolved oxygen sensors. A Dissolved oxygen (DO) sensor has been designed and fabricated on an 85 x 205 mm galvanic-based. The sensor structure device consists of Al-Zn reference layer electrode, Ag/AgCl active electrode, 120ml KCl electrolyte solvent 0,1 M, and closed by TiO2 membrane (PTFE). The Al-Zn formation reference electrode was done by Ag layer chlorination using FeCl3, and the TiO2 membrane was formed by TiO2 paste screen printing. The test was done to measure the sensor’s performance based on the current-voltage characteristics between 1.0 and 1.8 V. The results showed that a stable diffusion current was obtained when the input voltage was 1.5 V, resulting in the best sensor performance with a sensitivity of 0.7866 μA L/mg and a stable step response time of 3 mins. This prototype sensor showed high potential for prototyping for a low-cost water quality monitoring system.

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Watanabe, Katsumi, Kenji Matsuda, Tomoo Yoshida, Satoshi Murakami, and Susumu Ikeno. "TEM observation for Al^|^ndash;Zn^|^ndash;Mg (^|^ndash;Cu, ^|^ndash;Ag) alloys peak-aged at 423 K." Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 64, no. 9 (2014): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2464/jilm.64.413.

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Barbosa, Julierme Zimmer, Leandro Moraes Zambon, Antonio Carlos Vargas Motta, and Ivar Wendling. "COMPOSITION, HOT-WATER SOLUBILITY OF ELEMENTS AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF FRUITS AND." Ciência e Agrotecnologia 39, no. 6 (December 2015): 593–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-70542015000600006.

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ABSTRACT Yerba mate leaves are the most studied and used parts of the tree, while fruits have been little investigated as to their elemental composition. The objective of this study was to characterize the composition, the hot-water solubility of the elements and the nutritional value of yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill) fruits and leaves. Both fruits and leaves were collected from four yerba mate provenances (cities of Cascavel, Quedas do Iguaçu and Ivaí in Paraná state and Barão de Cotegipe in Rio Grande do Sul state) 17 years of age, grown in the city of Pinhais, Paraná state, Brazil. The total and hot water-soluble contents of 22 and 20 elements, respectively, were determined. The elemental composition of the fruits presented the following decreasing order: C, K, N, Mg, Ca, P, Al, Na, Zn, Mn, Fe, Ba, Cu, Ni, Mo, Pb, Cr, As, Co, Ag, V and Cd. For the leaves the decreasing order was: C, N, K, Ca, Mg, P, Al, Mn, Na, Fe, Zn, Ba, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cr, Mo, As, Co, Ag, V and Cd. It was found than 2 to 8 elements in the fruit presented greater water solubility than in the leaves. In case of consumption via infusion of the fruits or leaves, there would be nutritive value for K, Mg, P, Mn, Cr, Mo, Cu and Zn, while consumption of capsules would have nutritive value only for Mn via the leaves. In general, the fruits have more distinct elemental composition, hot-water solubility and nutritional value than yerba mate leaves.

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OGURA, Tomo, Shoichi HIROSAWA, and Tatsuo SATO. "Effects of precipitate microstructures near grain boundaries on strength and ductility in Al-Zn-Mg (-Ag) alloys." Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 56, no. 11 (2006): 644–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2464/jilm.56.644.

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Sofyan, Bondan T., K. Raviprasad, and Simon P. Ringer. "Observations of the Effect of Zn on Precipitation Processes in an Al-Cu-Mg-Ag Base Alloy." Materials Science Forum 331-337 (May 2000): 977–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.331-337.977.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Al-Zn-Mg-Ag'

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