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Journal articles on the topic 'Al-Cu-Nb-Zr Alloys'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Inoue, Akihisa, Bao Long Shen, and Akira Takeuchi. "Syntheses and Applications of Fe-, Co-, Ni- and Cu-Based Bulk Glassy Alloys." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.92.

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This paper reviews our recent results of the formation, fundamental properties, workability and applications of late transition metal (LTM) base bulk glassy alloys (BGAs) developed since 1995. The BGAs were obtained in Fe-(Al,Ga)-(P,C,B,Si), Fe-(Cr,Mo)-(C,B), Fe-(Zr,Hf,Nb,Ta)-B, Fe-Ln-B(Ln=lanthanide metal), Fe-B-Si-Nb and Fe-Nd-Al for Fe-based alloys, Co-(Ta,Mo)-B and Co-B-Si-Nb for Co-based alloys, Ni-Nb-(Ti,Zr)-(Co,Ni) for Ni-based alloys, and Cu-Ti-(Zr,Hf), Cu-Al-(Zr,Hf), Cu-Ti-(Zr,Hf)-(Ni,Co) and Cu-Al-(Zr,Hf)-(Ag,Pd) for Cu-based alloys. These BGAs exhibit useful properties of high mechanical strength, large elastic elongation and high corrosion resistance. In addition, Fe- and Co-based glassy alloys have good soft magnetic properties which cannot be obtained for amorphous and crystalline type magnetic alloys. The Feand Ni-based BGAs have already been used in some application fields. These LTM base BGAs are promising as new metallic engineering materials.

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2

Okai, D., G. Motoyama, H. Kimura, and A. Inoue. "Supercoducting property of Zr-Cu-Al-Ni-Nb alloys." Physics Procedia 27 (2012): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2012.03.409.

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3

Tian, Jinzhong, Yuhong Zhao, Hua Hou, and Bing Wang. "The Effect of Alloying Elements on the Structural Stability, Mechanical Properties, and Debye Temperature of Al3Li: A First-Principles Study." Materials 11, no. 8 (August 18, 2018): 1471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma11081471.

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The structural stability, mechanical properties, and Debye temperature of alloying elements X (X = Sc, Ti, Co, Cu, Zn, Zr, Nb, and Mo) doped Al3Li were systematically investigated by first-principles methods. A negative enthalpy of formation ΔHf is predicted for all Al3Li doped species which has consequences for its structural stability. The Sc, Ti, Zr, Nb, and Mo are preferentially occupying the Li sites in Al3Li while the Co, Cu, and Zn prefer to occupy the Al sites. The Al–Li–X systems are mechanically stable at 0 K as elastic constants Cij has satisfied the stability criteria. The values of bulk modulus B for Al–Li–X (X = Sc, Ti, Co, Cu, Zr, Nb, and Mo) alloys (excluding Al–Li–Zn) increase with the increase of doping concentration and are larger than that for pure Al3Li. The Al6LiSc has the highest shear modulus G and Young’s modulus E which indicates that it has stronger shear deformation resistance and stiffness. The predicted universal anisotropy index AU for pure and doped Al3Li is higher than 0, implying the anisotropy of Al–Li–X alloy. The Debye temperature ΘD of Al12Li3Ti is highest among the Al–Li–X system which predicts the existence of strong covalent bonds and thermal conductivity compared to that of other systems.

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4

Zander, Daniela, Beate Heisterkamp, and Isabella Gallino. "Corrosion resistance of Cu–Zr–Al–Y and Zr–Cu–Ni–Al–Nb bulk metallic glasses." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 434-435 (May 2007): 234–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.08.112.

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5

Ouyang, L. J., D. V. Louzguine, H. M. Kimura, T. Ohsuna, and A. Inoue. "Devitrification of Zr-Ni-Al-Cu-Ti(Nb,Ta) glassy alloys." Materials Research Bulletin 39, no. 9 (July 2004): 1345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2004.03.002.

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6

Tam, M. K., S. J. Pang, and C. H. Shek. "Corrosion behavior and glass-forming ability of Cu–Zr–Al–Nb alloys." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 353, no. 32-40 (October 2007): 3596–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.05.119.

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7

Qin, Chunling, Wei Zhang, Hisamichi Kimura, Katsuhiko Asami, and Akihisa Inoue. "New Cu-Zr-Al-Nb Bulk Glassy Alloys with High Corrosion Resistance." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 45, no. 6 (2004): 1958–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.45.1958.

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8

Zhang, L. C., K. B. Kim, P. Yu, W. Y. Zhang, U. Kunz, and J. Eckert. "Amorphization in mechanically alloyed (Ti, Zr, Nb)–(Cu, Ni)–Al equiatomic alloys." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 428, no. 1-2 (January 2007): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2006.03.092.

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9

Chen, Shuyang, James K. H. Tsoi, Peter C. S. Tsang, Yeong-Joon Park, Ho-Jun Song, and Jukka P. Matinlinna. "Candida albicans aspects of binary titanium alloys for biomedical applications." Regenerative Biomaterials 7, no. 2 (January 25, 2020): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rb/rbz052.

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Abstract Titanium and its alloys are widely used in biomedical devices, e.g. implants, due to its biocompatibility and osseointegration ability. In fact, fungal (Candida spp.) infection has been identified as one of the key reasons causing the failure of the device that is inevitable and impactful to the society. Thus, this study evaluated the surface morphology, surface chemical composition and Candida albicans adhesion on specimens of 16 binary Ti-alloys (∼5 wt% of any one of the alloy elements: Ag, Al, Au, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, In, Mn, Mo, Nb, Pd, Pt, Sn, V and Zr) compared with cp-Ti, targeting to seek for the binary Ti-alloys which has the lowest C. albicans infection. Candida albicans cultures were grown on the specimens for 48 h, and colony forming units (CFUs) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to evaluate the biofilm formation ability. Scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed the formation of C. albicans biofilm on all specimens’ surfaces, such that CFU results showed Ti-Mo, Ti-Zr, Ti-Al and Ti-V have less C. albicans formed on the surfaces than cp-Ti. RT-PCR showed Ti-Zr and Ti-Cu have significantly higher C. albicans DNA concentrations than Ti-Al and Ti-V (P < 0.05), whereas Ti-Cu has even showed a statistically higher concentration than Ti-Au, Ti-Co, Ti-In and Ti-Pt (P < 0.05). This study confirmed that Ti-Mo, Ti-Zr, Ti-Al and Ti-V have lower the occurrence of C. albicans which might be clinically advantageous for medical devices, but Ti-Cu should be used in caution.

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10

Pang, Shujie, Tao Zhang, Hisamichi Kimura, Katsuhiko Asami, and Akihisa Inoue. "Corrosion Behavior of Zr–(Nb–)Al–Ni–Cu Glassy Alloys." Materials Transactions, JIM 41, no. 11 (2000): 1490–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans1989.41.1490.

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11

Liu Lin, Sun Min, Chen Qi, Liu Bing, and Qiu Chun-Lei. "Crystallization, mechanical and corrosion properties of Zr-Cu-Ni-Al-Nb bulk glassy alloys." Acta Physica Sinica 55, no. 4 (2006): 1930. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.55.1930.

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12

Kim, K. B., P. J. Warren, and B. Cantor. "Metallic glass formation in multicomponent (Ti, Zr, Hf, Nb)–(Ni, Cu, Ag)–Al alloys." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 317, no. 1-2 (March 2003): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(02)02002-1.

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13

Scudino, S., U. Kühn, L. Schultz, H. Breitzke, K. Lüders, and J. Eckert. "Formation of quasicrystals in ball-milled amorphous Zr-Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al alloys with different Nb content." Journal of Materials Science 39, no. 16/17 (August 2004): 5483–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:jmsc.0000039270.75150.69.

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14

Scudino, S., J. Eckert, C. Mickel, P. Schubert-Bischoff, H. Breitzke, K. Lüders, and L. Schultz. "Quasicrystalline phase formation in Zr–Ti–Nb–Cu–Ni–(Al) metallic glasses." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 387, no. 1-2 (January 2005): 269–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.06.071.

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15

Welk, Brian A., Hamish L. Fraser, Vikas Dixit, Tim Williams, and Mark A. Gibson. "Phase Selection in a Laser Surface Melted Zr-Cu-Ni-Al-Nb Alloy." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 45, no. 2 (July 4, 2013): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-013-9907-8.

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16

Wei, Hongqing, Ping Zhang, and Yi Tang. "Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Study of the Structure and Properties of Nb-Doped Zr-Cu-Al Amorphous Alloys." Metals 11, no. 11 (November 12, 2021): 1821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11111821.

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In this paper, experiments were carried out on (Zr0.5Cu0.4Al0.1)100-xNbx (x = 0, 3, 6 at.%) amorphous alloys, and the corresponding ab initio molecular dynamics simulation was performed. The results showed that stable structures of Nb-centered and Al-centered icosahedral (-like) atomic clusters were formed after a small amount of (3 at.%) Nb was added. Stable and close-packed backbone structures were formed by the means of interconnection and matching of the two kinds of stable clusters in the alloys, which also enhanced the overall heterogeneity of the structures, thereby improving the strength and macroscopic plasticity. In addition, when more (6 at.%) Nb was added, the stable Al-centered clusters were replaced by some stable Nb-centered clusters in the alloys, and the stability and heterogeneity of the structures were partly reduced, which reduced the strength and macroscopic plasticity.

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17

Kühn, U., Jürgen Eckert, S. Scudino, A. Gebert, N. Radtke, N. Mattern, and Ludwig Schultz. "Formation of Quasicrystals in Zr-Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al Alloys by Casting or Annealing." Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials 24-25 (September 2005): 511–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jmnm.24-25.511.

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18

Kühn, U., J. Eckert, N. Mattern, and L. Schultz. "Formation of micrometer sized quasicrystals in slowly cooled Zr-Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al alloys." physica status solidi (a) 202, no. 13 (October 2005): 2436–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pssa.200520079.

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19

Sun, Y. F., C. H. Shek, B. C. Wei, W. H. Li, and Y. R. Wang. "Effect of Nb content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Zr–Cu–Ni–Al–Nb glass forming alloys." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 403, no. 1-2 (November 2005): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2005.06.006.

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20

Iqbal, Muhammad, and Javed Iqbal Akhter. "Influence of Y and Nb Addition on Crystallization Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Zr-Ni-Al-Cu-M Bulk Amorphous Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 326 (September 2011): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.326.11.

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Bulk amorphous alloys are new class of materials with excellent mechanical and thermal properties. Bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have wide range of application such as structural materials. Minor alloying additions play beneficial role in the production and properties of BMGs. The present study was conducted to investigate the effect of Y and Nb addition on activation energy, crystallization behavior, thermal and mechanical properties of Zr64.5Ni15.5Al11.5Cu8.5. Bulk amorphous ingots and sheets of three [Zr0.645Ni0.155Al0.115Cu0.085]100-xM2 (M = Y and Nb and x = 0, 2 at. %) alloys were produced by Cu mold casting technique. The alloys were characterized by XRD, DSC, SEM, FESEM and EDS. Activation energies were calculated. The alloy containing Y shows single stage crystallization while Nb addition shows double stage crystallization. The maximum activation energy calculated is 300 kJ/mol. Parameters describing thermal stability in these systems were determined from DSC data which improved as a result of these additives. Reduced glass transition temperature Trg and thermal parameters like g, d and b were improved by Y addition. The supercooled liquid region varies between 87-100 K. Hardness and elastic moduli were also improved. It was concluded that Y and Nb addition has beneficial effect on mechanical properties. Three phases NiZr2 and CuZr2 and Cu10Zr7 were identified by XRD and confirmed by EDS in the samples annealed at 823 K while the AlNiY ternary phase was detected in the alloy containing Y.

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21

Tam, M. K., S. J. Pang, and C. H. Shek. "Effects of niobium on thermal stability and corrosion behavior of glassy Cu–Zr–Al–Nb alloys." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 67, no. 4 (April 2006): 762–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpcs.2005.11.012.

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22

Zhu, Zhengwang, Wei Zhang, Guoqiang Xie, and Akihisa Inoue. "Relation between glass and quasicrystal formation in the Zr–Nb–Cu–Ni–Al alloys upon solidification." Applied Physics Letters 97, no. 3 (July 19, 2010): 031919. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3467827.

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23

Mitrović, N., Stefan Roth, J. Degmová, M. Stoica, and Jürgen Eckert. "Synthesis, Structure and Properties of Iron-Based Bulk Glass-Forming Metallic Alloys Prepared by Different Processing." Materials Science Forum 494 (September 2005): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.494.321.

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This article deals with the materials science and engineering of glass-forming alloys in Fe-(Nb)-(Al, Ga)-(P, C, B, Si), Fe-(Cr, Mo, Ga)-(P, C, B) and Fe-(Co, Ni)-(Cu)-(Zr, Nb)-B bulk metallic glasses (BMG) systems with high thermal stability of the undercooled melt against crystallization. Different liquid quenching techniques (melt-spinning or copper-mold casting) as well as hot pressing of the powder obtained by milling of the melt-spun ribbons were used to prepare samples in various shapes. Synthesis of the investigated BMG alloys is discussed according to Inoue’s empirical components rules for the achievement of the large glass forming ability (GFA). Thermal and microstructure characterization (performed by DSC, TMA, XRD and Mössbauer spectroscopy) was used to correlate GFA, microstructure and thermo/thermo-magnetic treatments with optimum soft magnetic properties.

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24

Qin, C. L., W. Zhang, Q. S. Zhang, K. Asami, and A. Inoue. "Electrochemical properties and surface analysis of Cu–Zr–Ag–Al–Nb bulk metallic glasses." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 483, no. 1-2 (August 2009): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.07.157.

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25

Scudino, S., Jürgen Eckert, U. Kühn, and Ludwig Schultz. "Formation of Quasicrystals in Zr-Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al Melt-Spun and Ball-Milled Multicomponent Alloys." Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials 15-16 (April 2003): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jmnm.15-16.67.

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26

Zhao, X., C. Ma, S. Pang, and T. Zhang. "Glass-forming ability and I-phase formation in Y-doped Zr–Nb–Cu–Ni–Al glassy alloys." Philosophical Magazine Letters 89, no. 1 (January 2009): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09500830802585105.

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27

Du, Y. L., H. W. Xu, J. L. Cheng, and Guang Chen. "Effect of Nb Addition on the Structural and Mechanical Properties of Cu₄₆Zr₄₂Al₇Y₅ Bulk Metallic Glass." Materials Science Forum 675-677 (February 2011): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.675-677.201.

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In this work, the Cu46Zr42-xAl7Y5Nbx alloys with different Nb contents were prepared by water-cooled copper mold casting. The effects of Nb addition on the structural and mechanical properties were studied. It was found that the structure remains in amorphous state at low Nb concentration (x =1, 2). However, some crystalline phases appear in the high Nb content alloy (x > 2), showing a composite structure, that is, the second phase particles dispersed in an amorphous matrix. The effects of Nb on the glass-forming ability of Cu46Zr42Al7Y5 were studied by differential scanning calorimetric (DSC). The compressive mechanical properties of Cu46Zr42-xAl7Y5Nbx alloys were studied. It was found that the compressive strength can be improved by introducing Nb. However, the ductile of the alloys were not improved by the introduction of Nb.

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28

Drescher, P., K. Witte, B. Yang, R. Steuer, O. Kessler, E. Burkel, C. Schick, and H. Seitz. "Composites of amorphous and nanocrystalline Zr–Cu–Al–Nb bulk materials synthesized by spark plasma sintering." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 667 (May 2016): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.01.161.

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29

Saida, J., and A. Inoue. "Icosahedral quasicrystalline phase formation in Zr–Al–Ni–Cu glassy alloys by the addition of V, Nb and Ta." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 312-314 (October 2002): 502–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3093(02)01726-x.

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30

Zhao, Xiangjin, Wei Liu, Li Liu, Tao Zhang, Shujie Pang, and Chaoli Ma. "Formation and mechanical properties of Zr-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al-Lu bulk glassy alloys with superior glass-forming ability." Journal of Wuhan University of Technology-Mater. Sci. Ed. 31, no. 1 (February 2016): 186–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11595-016-1350-7.

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31

Saida, Junji, and Akihisa Inoue. "Icosahedral quasicrystalline phase formation in Zr-Al-Ni-Cu glassy alloys by addition of Nb, Ta and V elements." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 13, no. 4 (January 11, 2001): L73—L78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/13/4/102.

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32

Cao, Q. P., S. Peng, X. N. Zhao, X. D. Wang, D. X. Zhang, and J. Z. Jiang. "Effect of Nb substitution for Cu on glass formation and corrosion behavior of Zr Cu Ag Al Be bulk metallic glass." Journal of Alloys and Compounds 683 (October 2016): 22–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.05.077.

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33

Setyawan, A. D., J. Saida, H. Kato, M. Matsushita, and A. Inoue. "Comparing the origin of ductility in the Zr–Al–Ni–Cu–M (M = Nb, Pd) metallic glasses." Intermetallics 18, no. 10 (October 2010): 1884–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2010.02.041.

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34

Li, B. S., Shenghui Xie, and Jamie J. Kruzic. "Toughness enhancement and heterogeneous softening of a cryogenically cycled Zr–Cu–Ni–Al–Nb bulk metallic glass." Acta Materialia 176 (September 2019): 278–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2019.07.012.

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35

Matijošius, Tadas, Giedrius Stalnionis, Gedvidas Bikulčius, Sigitas Jankauskas, Laurynas Staišiūnas, and Svajus Joseph Asadauskas. "Antifrictional Effects of Group IVB Elements Deposited as Nanolayers on Anodic Coatings." Coatings 13, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13010132.

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The utilization of anodized aluminum (Al) components would contribute greatly to combat against dry friction if good tribological properties could be attained. Despite its hardness, the wear rate of anodic coatings presents a major problem in many applications, including automotive, aerospace and high-tech industries. Recently, nanolayers of Ti demonstrated high tribological effectiveness and unusually low dry friction on anodic coatings. However, few researchers focus on the tribological characterization of nanolayers of other elements. In this study, nanolayers of Ti, Zr, Hf, Cu, Cr, Nb and Sn were deposited on anodized 1050 and 6082 alloys by magnetron sputtering and Atomic Layer Deposition. Major attention was devoted to surface roughness and hardness measurements, because of their importance for static friction. The results showed that structural, chemical and other intrinsic properties of nanolayers of Group IVB elements in many cases led to significant friction reduction, when compared to those of Cu, Cr and Hf. Nanolayers of 15 nm to 75 nm thicknesses appeared most effective tribologically, while 180 nm or thicker layers progressively lost their ability to sustain low dynamic friction. Deposition of nanoscale structures could provide advantages for the anodized Al industry in protection against incidental friction and wear.

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36

Kühn, Uta, Jürgen Eckert, and Ludwig Schultz. "Annealing-induced phase transitions in a Zr–Ti–Nb–Cu–Ni–Al bulk metallic glass matrix composite containing quasicrystalline precipitates." International Journal of Materials Research 97, no. 7 (July 1, 2006): 996–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2006-0157.

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Abstract The phase formation of a copper-mold-cast Zr60Ti2Nb6Cu14 Ni9Al9 alloy has been investigated upon cooling from the melt as well as upon annealing of as-cast specimens. The different states of the samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction, optical and electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. The cooling rate as realized upon copper-mold casting leads to micrometer-sized quasicrystals, which are embedded in a glassy phase. The thermal stability ΔTx of the supercooled liquid state of the glassy phase that forms near to the wall of the copper mold, differs from that of the glassy matrix in the center of the rod due to different compositions of the glassy phase. This is a consequence of the change in local cooling conditions, which affects the phase formation upon solidification as well as the subsequent transformation behavior of the alloy upon constant-rate heating.

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37

Li, F. W., Jian Bing Qiang, S. G. Quan, Qing Wang, Chuang Dong, and Ying Min Wang. "Room-Temperature Mechanical Characterization of Bulk Glassy and Partially Crystallized Zr₆₃Al_9.7Ni_9.7Cu_14.6Nb₃ Alloys." Materials Science Forum 633-634 (November 2009): 675–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.633-634.675.

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The microstructures and mechanical behavior of the as-cast and isothermally annealed Zr63Al9.7Ni9.7Cu14.6Nb3 bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and room temperature uniaxial compression. The as-cast BMG alloy shows a wide undercooled liquid span of 73 K at a constant heating rate of 40 K/min. Composite microstructures containing nanometer scaled icosahedral quasicrystals (i-phase) were produced upon annealing at 705 K. Under uniaxial room-temperature compression at a strain rate of 510-4 s-1, the as-cast BMG alloy exhibits a elastic deformation εy ~ 1.95%, a yield stress σy ~ 1650 MPa, and a Young’s modulus E ~ 84.5 GPa. The alloy shows a plastic strain εp ~ 8.0 % in a serrated plastic deformation process. Annealing induced embrittlement was observed in the relaxed BMG alloys. Comparing with the as-cast alloy, the relaxed and the composite alloys show negligible changes in elastic strain and Young’s modulus. The partially crystallized alloys are macroscopically brittle. Well developed vein patterns were observed in the fracture surfaces of all these alloys. The present work revealed that the dispersion of nanometer scaled i-phase particles is not effective as a barrier against shear localization in these partially quasicrystallized alloys.

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38

Luo, Ning, Florian Galgon, Sebastian Krauß, Luis A. Morales, Benoit Merle, Christopher H. Zenk, and Carolin Körner. "Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties in Zr–Cu–Al–Nb bulk metallic glass composites prepared by laser metal deposition." Intermetallics 140 (January 2022): 107393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2021.107393.

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39

Kühn, Uta, Jürgen Eckert, and Ludwig Schultz. "Annealing-induced phase transitions in a Zr-Ti-Nb-Cu-Ni-Al bulk metallic glassmatrix composite containing quasicrystalline precipitates." International Journal of Materials Research 97, no. 7 (July 2006): 996–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/146.101330.

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40

Inoue, A., Q. S. Zhang, W. Zhang, K. Yubuta, K. S. Son, and X. M. Wang. "Formation, Thermal Stability and Mechanical Properties of Bulk Glassy Alloys with a Diameter of 20 mm in Zr-(Ti,Nb)-Al-Ni-Cu System." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 50, no. 2 (2009): 388–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.mer2008179.

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41

Ivanov, Yu F., N. A. Prokopenko, E. A. Petrikova, V. V. Shugurov, and A. D. Teresov. "Multilayer amorphous-crystalline high-entropy metal films." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 66, no. 2 (June 6, 2023): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2023-2-191-196.

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High-entropy alloys (HEA) are multi-element materials and contain at least five elements of similar concentration. HEA are, as a rule, single- phase thermodynamically stable substitutional solid solutions, mainly based on a body-centered cubic and face-centered cubic crystal lattice. Solid solution stabilization during the crystallization of a high-entropy alloy is provided by the interaction of a number of factors, namely, a high mixing entropy and low diffusion rate of components, and a low growth rate of crystallites from the melt. The purpose of this work was to obtain new knowledge about the structure and properties of high-entropy films synthesized on a metal substrate during deposition of a multi-element metal plasma in argon atmosphere. The plasma was formed as a result of independent plasma-assisted electric arc cathodes of the following metals: Ti, Al, Cu, Nb, Zr sputtering. As a result of the performed studies, the deposition mode was revealed, which allows the formation of films of various thicknesses of close to equiatomic composition. Transmission electron microscopy methods have established that the films are multilayer formations and have nanoscale amorphous-crystalline structure. Microhardness of the films significantly depends on the ratio of number of the forming elements and varies from 12 to 14 GPa, Young’s modulus – from 230 to 310 GPa. Crystallization of the films was carried out by irradiation with a pulsed electron beam. As a result of processing, a two-phase state is formed. The main phase is α-NbZrTiAl with a volume-centered cubic crystal lattice with a parameter of 0.32344 nm; the second phase of CuZr composition has a simple cubic lattice.

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Huang, Dong Ya, Xiang Jin Zhao, Tao Zhang, and Vincent Ji. "Air Oxidation Kinetics Study of Zr₅₈Nb₃Cu₁₆Ni₁₃Al₁₀ Bulk Metallic Glass." Defect and Diffusion Forum 283-286 (March 2009): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.283-286.209.

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The isothermal oxidation behavior of Zr58Nb3Cu16Ni13Al10 bulk metallic glass (BMG) under dry air in the glassy state and the supercooled liquid state (SLS) was studied by the thermogravimetric method. The oxidation rate and thickness growth speed in the SLS were both hugely higher than in the glassy state. The oxidation kinetics of BMG in both states for 1.5 hours was different, the parabolic law was followed in the glassy state at 300°C and 350°C, contrarily the linear law was followed in SLS at 400 °C. After the oxidation for 126 hours in SLS, the oxidation kinetics possessed two stages, the linear stage and the parabolic stage. The diffusion of the Cu2+ ion and CuZr intermetallic alloys were detected by GIXRD.

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Cai, Junjie, Shengpeng Hu, Hongbing Liu, Danyang Lin, Wei Fu, and Xiaoguo Song. "Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of Ti2AlNb/GH99 Superalloy Brazed Joints Using TiZrCuNi Amorphous Filler Alloy." Aerospace 10, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10010073.

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Dissimilar materials brazing of Ti2AlNb alloy to GH99 superalloy is of great pragmatic importance in the aerospace field, especially the lightweight space aircraft components manufacturing. In this work, TiZrCuNi amorphous filler alloy was used as brazing filler, and experiments were carried out at different brazing temperatures and times to investigate the changes in interfacial structures and properties of the joints. The typical interfacial microstructure was Ti2AlNb alloy/B2/β/Ti2Ni (Al, Nb) + B2/β + (Ti, Zr)2(Ni, Cu) + (Ti, Zr)(Ni, Cu)/(Cr, Ni, Ti) solid solution + (Ni, Cr) solid solution/GH99 superalloy when being brazed at 1000 °C for 8 min. The interfacial microstructure of the joints was influenced by diffusion and reaction between the filler alloy and the parent metal. The prolongation of brazing process parameters accelerated the diffusion and reaction of the liquid brazing alloy into both parent metals, which eventually led to the aggregation of (Ti, Zr)2(Ni, Cu) brittle phase and increased thickness of Ti2Ni (Al, Nb) layer. According to fracture analyses, cracks began in the Ti2Ni (Al, Nb) phase and spread with it as well as the (Ti, Zr)2(Ni, Cu) phase. The joints that were brazed at 1000 °C for 8 min had a maximum shear strength of ~216.2 MPa. Furthermore, increasing the brazing temperature or extending the holding time decreased the shear strength due to the coarse Ti2Ni (Al, Nb) phase and the continuous (Ti, Zr)2(Ni, Cu) phase.

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Okamoto, Hiroaki. "Supplemental Literature Review of Binary Phase Diagrams: Ag-Sn, Al-Pd, Ba-Gd, Ba-Pr, Cu-P, Dy-Ni, Ga-Mn, Gd-Sb, Gd-Zr, Ho-Te, Lu-Sb, and Mn-Nb." Journal of Phase Equilibria and Diffusion 35, no. 1 (September 4, 2013): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11669-013-0262-x.

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Emurlaeva, Yulia, Daria Lazurenko, Zinaida Bataeva, Ivan Petrov, Gleb Dovzhenko, Lubov Makogon, Maksim Khomyakov, Kemal Emurlaev, and Ivan Bataev. "Evaluation of vacancy formation energy for BCC-, FCC-, and HCP-metals using density functional theory." Metal Working and Material Science 25, no. 2 (June 13, 2023): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17212/1994-6309-2023-25.2-104-116.

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Introduction. Vacancies are among the crystal lattice defects that have a significant effect on the structural transformations processes during thermal, chemical-thermal, thermomechanical, and other types of alloys treatment. The vacancy formation energy is one of the most important parameters used to describe diffusion processes. An effective approach to its definition is based on the use of the density functional theory (DFT). The main advantage of this method is to carry out computations without any parameters defined empirically. The purpose of the work is to estimate vacancy formation energy of BCC-, FCC- and HCP-metals widely used in mechanical engineering and to compare these findings obtained using various exchange-correlation functionals (GGA and meta-GGA). Computation procedure. The computations were carried out using the projector-augmented wave method using the GPAW code and the atomic simulation environment (ASE). The Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof, MGGAC and rMGGAC functionals were used. The wave functions were described by plane waves within simulations. Vacancies formation energy was evaluated using supercells approach with a size 3 × 3 × 3. Computations were carried out for BCC-metals (Li, Na, K, V, Cr, Fe, Rb, Nb, Mo, Cs, Ta, W), FCC-metals (Al, Ni, Cu, Rh, Pd, Ag, Ir, Pt, Au, Pb, Co) and HCP-metals (Be, Ti, Zr, Mg, Sc, Zn, Y, Ru, Cd, Hf, Os, Co, Re). Results and discussion. A comparison of the defined vacancy formation energies indicates the validity of the following ratio of values: . The values obtained using the open source GPAW code are characterized by the same patterns as for widely spread commercially distributed program VASP. It was revealed that the use of the PBE and MGGAC functionals leads to a slight deviation relative to the experimentally determined vacancies formation energy in contrast to the computations using rMGGAC.

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Homazava, N., A. Shkabko, D. Logvinovich, U. Krähenbühl, and A. Ulrich. "Element-specific in situ corrosion behavior of Zr–Cu–Ni–Al–Nb bulk metallic glass in acidic media studied using a novel microcapillary flow injection inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique." Intermetallics 16, no. 9 (September 2008): 1066–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2008.06.005.

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Chen, Chen, Xiao Dong Jia, Hang Zhang, Ran Wei, and Fu Shan Li. "A Centimeter-Size High Toughness Zr-Cu-Al-Nb Bulk Metallic Glass with Nano-Crystallization and Phase Separation." Materials Science Forum 913 (February 2018): 668–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.913.668.

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In this paper, a centimeter-size Zr-Cu-Al-Nb bulk metallic glass (BMG) with high notch toughness of 107±13 MPa∙m0.5 was designed and fabricated by copper mold casting. With 1% Nb substitution for Zr in Zr48Cu45Al7 glass forming alloy, the glass forming ability (GFA) and toughness of the BMG were enhanced significantly. The coexistence of nano-crystallization and phase separation in the glassy matrix was observed in Zr47Cu45Al7Nb1, which would possibly lead to the high toughness of this alloy due to the easy and populous nucleation of shear bands and the increasing resistance of shear band propagation. The influences of nano-crystallization and phase separation on the toughness of BMGs are discussed in detail. The strategy utilized in this study provides a novel approach in search for new BMGs with high toughness and good GFA.

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Yanchun, Zhao, Kou Shengzhong, Yuan Xiaopeng, Li Chunyan, Yu Peng, Pu Yongliang, and Xu Jiao. "Glass Forming Ability and Mechanical Properties of Cu-Zr-Al-Nb Amorphous Alloy." Rare Metal Materials and Engineering 44, no. 4 (April 2015): 791–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1875-5372(15)30048-5.

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Shen, Li Jun, Fen Cheng Liu, Gao Lin Yang, Yong De Huang, and Li Ming Ke. "Effect of Bonding Temperature on Microstructure Development during Transient Liquid Phase Bonding of Ti₂AlNb Alloy Using Ti-Zr-Cu Based Filler Alloy." Materials Science Forum 898 (June 2017): 1247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.898.1247.

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Transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding of Ti2AlNb, used for vacuum brazing furnace, was carried out using Ti-Cu-Zr based foil as filler alloy at 950, 1000 and 1050°C. The effect of bonding temperature on joint interface, phase constitutions and their distributions were investigated by taking advantages of OM, SEM, EDS and XRD analyses. The result revealed that the TLP joint consisted of isothermally solidified zone and diffusion affected zone. A non-isothermally solidified zone existed only when the bonding temperature was not high enough. The interface morphologies of the joints were found to be very sensitive to the bonding temperature. With the bonding temperature increased from 950°C to 1000°C, the width of non-isothermally solidified zone decreased from 69 μm to 23 μm. When the bonding temperature was 1050°C, the non-isothermally solidified zone disappeared. Meanwhile, more alloying elements of Cu and Zr diffused most adequately into the base material. Phase analysis showed that along with the increasing of bonding temperature, the secondary phase constitution of joint changed from Ti (Cu,Al)2 + AlNb2 + Ti solid solution to Ti solid solution + Nb (CuAl) + Al4Cu9 + Al2Zr3, and the proportion of secondary phase was 35.7%, 20.2%, 6.7%, respectively. The morphology of base metal changed because of the relatively high bonding temperature was higher than 980°C, the α→β transition temperature.

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Chen Zhi-Hao, Liu Lan-Jun, Zhang Bo, Xi Yun, Wang Qiang, and Zu Fang-Qiu. "Glass transition kinetic property of novel bulk Zr-Al-Ni-Cu (Nb,Ti) amorphous alloy." Acta Physica Sinica 53, no. 11 (2004): 3839. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.53.3839.

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