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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Airport noise'
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Gualandi, Nicola <1978>. "Aircraft noise performance evaluation and airport noise management." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1356/1/Gualandi_Nicola_Aircraft_noise_performance_evaluation_and_airport_noise_management.pdf.
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Gualandi, Nicola <1978>. "Aircraft noise performance evaluation and airport noise management." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2009. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/1356/.
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Gratjios, George A. "Airport noise pollution legal aspects." Thesis, McGill University, 1990. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59857.
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This dissertation broadly explores the problems of aircraft noise in the vicinity of major airports.Part 1 defines the technical terms of noise and sonic boom and discusses their harmful effects on airport neighbours and their environment.
Part 2 reviews international legal regulations, commencing with the conference convened by the British Government in 1966, and ending with the ICAO Council proposals to be addressed at the 28th (Extraordinary) Session of the Assembly, in October 1990. Further, ICAO efforts in balancing the conflicting interests between developed and developing countries is highlighted, and the legal status of Annex 16 on Environmental Protection is discussed in some detail.
Part 3 examines national legislation relating to aircraft noise with an emphasis on the approach of the United States.
Part 4 canvasses liability issues through an analysis of the jurisprudence in various countries with a concentration on litigation in the United States. Of particular relevance is the applicability of the 1952 Rome Convention with respect to damages caused by noise and sonic boom.
Part 5 examines and evaluates proposed and already implemented solutions to the airport noise problem.
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Boutatis, Antonios 1974. "Noise aviation pollution in airports : the case of Boston Logan International Airport." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84257.
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Morrell, Stephen L. "Aircraft noise and child blood pressure." Connect to full text, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/594.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2003.Title from title screen (viewed Apr. 29, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine. Includes bibliography. Also available in print form.
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Biggs, Andrew John Grainge. "The impact of airport noise : a case study of Vancouver International Airport." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28709.
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The principal concern of this paper is the valuation of the impact of aircraft noise associated with Vancouver International Airport on residents living close to the flight paths.
In surveying previous research relevant to the valuation of the impact of airport noise, the paper selects a property value approach in which the residential property market is used as a surrogate for airport noise nuisance (on the premise that noisier areas will have lower house prices than quieter areas, ceteris paribus). The selected approach involves undertaking hedonic price modelling in which multiple regression is used to estimate property value, and from which the value of one attribute, exposure to airport noise, may be obtained implicitly. Noise is measured by the Noise Exposure Forecast (NEF) technique, a widely used procedure for measuring airport noise.
Several theoretical concerns with the approach are addressed before reviewing the results of previous airport noise studies which use hedonic price models. The results of these models may be reported in terms of noise-property value relationships, measured by a noise depreciation sensitivity index (NDSI). If the functional form of noise
is linear against the natural logarithm of property value, the NDSI will equal the value of the noise coefficient and will be constant regardless of the absolute price of the property. The NDSI figures for previous studies range from about 0.40 to 1.10 percent per decibel for 1967 to 1976 data, with a simple average of about 0.61 percent.
Of the two general model types reported, the one involving individual property sales data is considered superior to that using only census information. The model designed for this study uses individual price data for 1987 single-detached property sales in the Township of Richmond (where the majority of noise-affected properties are situated). Data for physical, area, public sector, accessibility and other characteristics are obtained from various sources to enable the modelling of some 1539 sales. Two data sets are tested with 44 variables initially collected for each: one set involving only those properties inside the NEF 25 noise zone (assumed to be affected by airport noise), the other involving all properties. For each data set alternative functional forms are tested, as are several approaches for explaining noise (continuous or dummy variables, and different assumed thresholds). Of the eleven models reported, the preferred model includes only those single-detached properties exposed to NEF 25 or higher where the natural log of sales price is regressed against sixteen independent variables including a continuous form of the
noise variable (NEF level) The model has an adjusted R2 value of .634, and a noise coefficient of -.006484 - implying a one unit increase in noise results in more than half of a percent decrease in property price (NDSI equals 0.65). The 95 percent confidence interval for this variable is -.0097 to -.0033. Preliminary analysis of the model type using census data is also reported.
Certain matters of interpretation are discussed before attempting a preliminary application in the setting of Vancouver International Airport in which the noise impact of a third runway is indicated.
What distinguishes the modelling for Vancouver International Airport from the previous studies is the high quality of individual data, the large sample size, the testing of several forms for the noise variable(s) and the exploration of alternative noise thresholds. Notwithstanding this, the study concludes by outlining several areas for further research.Business, Sauder School of
Graduate
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Berry, Maresi (Maresi Ann) 1969. "Graphical method for airport noise impact analysis." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/50429.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1998.Includes bibliographical references (p. 99-102).
by Maresi Berry.
S.M.
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Yeahiya, Mohammed. "Noise landing charges and passengers' choice of airport." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/3400.
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This study demonstrates how aircraft noise can be translated into a form of landing
charge. The objectives of the thesis were to develop noise landi'ng charges for six of the
major airports in England and to determine what the implication it has on passengers'
choice of airports. An airport choice model is developed distinguished by three market
types: long-haul international scheduled, short-haul international scheduled and charter
international. Modelling of airport choice was also carried out for passengers from the
Greater London and South East areas.
The best results are obtained using difference in access time, logarithmic difference in
frequencies and weighted differences in fare variables. There is consistency in the access
time coefficients for all three markets. Airport choice for international scheduled and
charter passengers for the Greater London and other South East areas also show
consistency in access time amongst different passenger groups in choosing airports.
The implication of the noise charge particularly at Gatwick and Heathrow for the short
and long haul markets reveal that the fare coefficients are sensitive and are subject to
doubt. However Brooke et al (1994) acknowledge that exact fare details are difficult to
obtain. Therefore it is a difficult task to produce accurate fare coefficients with
published fare details that do not take into account discounts received by passengers.
This is reflected in this study by observing the fact that high number of passengers
change airports, when it may be argued that the noise charges are moderate.
The sensitivity of the implications of the noise charge determined in this study have
depended highly on the fare coefficients. This study has demonstrated the importance
and perhaps the over reliance of depending on a single parameter for the evaluation of
the implications of the noise charge.
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Goldschagg, Paul. "Airport noise in South Africa : prediction models and their effect on land-use planning /." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1292.
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Fry, Michael Glynn. "Reliever airport planning zoning, noise complaints and analysis of small hub airport influence area /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 4.88 Mb., ? p, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdlink?did=1163268261&Fmt=7&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Chan, Tin-chi Kenneth. "Noise problem after the opening of Hong Kong International Airport at Chek Lap Kok /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22264796.
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AL-KHABBAZ, AHMAD ABDALLA. "MODELING AVIATION FACILITIES IMPACT ON RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY VALUES." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184124.
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The purpose was to evaluate airport impact on nearby residential property values (RPV). The hypothesis was that a relationship between noise levels, and nearby RPV could be identified and quantified. The objective was to model a relationship between housing location with respect to an airport and housing value, taking into consideration other relevant factors. Evaluation of aviation facilities impact on RPV was based on a sample of 587 single-family houses sold during 1984 and 1985. Selling price was used as the dependent variable. Independent variables included physical characteristics of a house, distance to the closest airport, accessibility of a house to the urban area, and supply and demand for houses. Distance to nearest airport was used as a surrogate for aircraft noise level. Study indicated that impact of aviation facilities on RPV could be quantified using selling price of a house as the dependent variable and distance from an airport as a primary independent variable along with physical characteristics of a house. Effect of an airport on RPV appears dependent not only on distance, but also on type of airport and selling price of a house. Davis-Monthan Airport (DM), a military airport, has a significantly greater impact than Tucson International Airport (TIA), a commercial airport. DM impact was greatest on houses priced above sample median. However, lower priced houses were effected more when the impact was expressed as a percent of selling price. DM impact area was approximately 2 miles from the airport, while TIA impact was about 1 mile from the facility. Distance from DM was the most significant variable in describing variation in selling price for houses closest to this facility. Living area of a house was also a very significant variable. Distance to TIA was not very significant in evaluating selling price variation. Living area and age of a house were generally the most significant variables describing selling price variation for TIA subset.
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Loon, Astrid. "The economic and social implications of implementing noise pollution controls at Amsterdam International Airport, Schiphol /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16684.pdf.
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March, Andrew I. (Andrew Irving). "Influence of low-speed aerodynamic performance on airport community noise." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45253.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2008.Includes bibliographical references (p. 145-149).
Properly assessing proposed aviation policies requires a thorough trade study of noise, emissions, fuel consumption, and cost. Aircraft low-speed aerodynamic performance is an important driver of all these impacts, and this thesis presents the development of an aerodynamic tool capable of accurately estimating key low-speed performance characteristics using aircraft geometry information typical of that available in the preliminary phase of aircraft design. The goal of this thesis is to use the low-speed aerodynamic estimates to present the sensitivity of aircraft noise to aircraft configuration and operational procedures, and then to identify improved procedures to reduce the cost, fuel use, and noise of current aircraft. The low-speed aerodynamic method developed in this work is comparable to aircraft manufacturer initial design tools. It requires about fifteen seconds on a modem computer and has been developed to a sufficient level of accuracy through a calibration study using Boeing flight test data, NASA wind tunnel results, and an empirically-tuned Lockheed method. The low-speed method is generally capable of predicting a drag polar, drag as a function of lift, to within one-percent. It also determines the changes of the drag polar due to high-lift devices, both slat and flap deployment, to within about three-percent. In addition, the method contains correlations to predict the variations of lift with angle of attack and the maximum lift coefficient; these predictions have errors around ten-percent and five-percent, respectively. The estimates produced by the method are of appropriate fidelity to properly model aircraft flight trajectories for fuel bum and noise estimates within larger environmental impact assessment models.
(cont.) The results of simulations of the mandated takeoff and landing noise certification procedure show that noise is reduced insignificantly by small modifications to the airframe. This is largely because, for the current aircraft fleet, engine noise dominates both takeoff and landing noise, and only methods to reduce the required thrust or increase the aircraft altitude will significantly decrease noise. For landing, significant reductions in noise, on the order of 12%, were found by increasing the approach speed, which decreases required thrust, and by steepening the approach path, which keeps the aircraft higher above the ground when outside the airport boundaries. The results of an optimization study estimating the Pareto Frontier of departure procedures for a 747-200 aircraft show that compared to the standard departure at maximum takeoff weight, a reduction in time to climb of two minutes, in fuel consumption of 1,300 Ibm, and in land area exposed to a sound level 55 EPNdB of 100 square miles can be mutually achieved.
by Andrew March.
S.M.
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Figlar, Bastian B. [Verfasser]. "The potential of noise abatement procedures to sustain traffic growth within airport noise constraints / Bastian Figlar." München : Verlag Dr. Hut, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045987794/34.
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Chan, Tin-chi Kenneth, and 陳天賜. "Noise problem after the opening of Hong Kong International Airport at Chek Lap Kok." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254482.
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Lloyd, Justine. "I'd rather not be in Marrickville : aerial modernities and the domestication of the sublime /." View thesis, 2000. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20050525.102244/index.html.
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GAGLIARDI, PAOLO. "A study of airport noise impact and strategies for its mitigation and exposure reduction." Doctoral thesis, Università di Siena, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11365/1013780.
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Aviation noise pollution in urban areas can be considered as a major problem and source of conflict between airport infrastructure and residents. Its effects could significantly limit the growth of aviation as well as affect public health, mainly when airports are located near residential areas. Noise control measures both at the source and at the receivers are often expensive and limited. Nevertheless, they represent the most viable solutions for contrasting this phenomenon due to the difficulty of finding suitable measures to reduce aircraft noise along its propagation path. This work is focused on the development, the assessment, and the management of mitigation actions regarding the noise action plan of Pisa’s “Galileo Galilei” International Airport. This airport has recently presented its noise action plan in order to give itself the possibility of expansion without incurring in air traffic limitations. The action plan includes both the construction of a runway link to increase the take-off run length and the introduction of a noise-abatement departure procedure. The effectiveness of these actions against noise pollution has been evaluated by means of noise numerical modelling. In particular, the noise impact produced by the airport and the related exposed population have been estimated by using the Integrated Noise Model (INM). New strategies to ensure an effective noise reduction as a response to the growing aircraft traffic have been proposed. Noise maps calculated for present and future scenarios, including those following the application of noise reduction measures, are shown. For many situations, people’s exposure and the percentages of highly annoyed and highly sleep-disturbed people have been determined also including military aircraft noise. Moreover, a novel methodology for managing airport noise in the closest urban areas based on the Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) technology is presented. ADS-B helps to track the 3D-flight paths with high data resolution and then to verify both the effectiveness of the action plan and the compliance with its provisions. A penetration gate has been strategically set considering the departures towards the city. The vertical distribution of the traffic crossing the gate and the correlation between take-off conditions and noise-related events have been investigated in order to establish rules for penalties due to the lack of compliance with the action plan requirements. The relationships between the operational characteristics of flight departures and aircraft noise by means of a statistical approach have been identified. Principal Component Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression were performed in order to extrapolate a simplified predictive model at a specific point on the ground. The findings may be useful to point out the operational characteristics causing the noisiest aircraft flyovers. Consequently, scheduled flight departures could be re-organized by introducing departure-direction and departureprocedure restrictions in order to minimize noise impact on the urban areas. The results confirm that ADS-B system may be considered a smart tool providing cost-effective solutions for the airport noise management in urban areas and its sustainable development, particularly when the radar tracks are not available.
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Bernardo, Jose Enrique. "Formulation and implementation of a generic fleet-level noise methodology." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/47704.
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The expected rise in aviation demand requires the reduction of the environmental impacts that impede this desired growth, such as fuel burn, emissions, and airport noise. A number of current technology programs attempt to identify, evaluate, and select the environmental technology solutions for the coming decades. Fleet-level evaluation will be essential to deciding between various technology options because it provides a system-level assessment that clarifies the effect of operational and policy variables. Fleet-level modeling in general, introduces various complexities, and detailed fleet-level models require significant time and computing resources to execute. With a large number of potential technology options available for assessment, a full detailed analysis of the technology space is infeasible. Therefore, a simplified fleet-level environmental evaluation methodology is required to select scenarios to carry forward for detailed modeling. Capabilities such as the Global and Regional Environmental Aviation Tradeoff (GREAT) tool, have achieved rapid simplified fleet-level analysis for fuel burn and emissions, but currently lack a satisfactory generic framework to evaluate fleet-level noise.
The primary objective of this research is to formulate and implement a generic fleet-level noise methodology that allows decision makers to analyze the fleet-level impact of many technology scenarios on the quantity of noise, and also its distribution about certain airport types. This information can be leveraged to provide screening assessments of technology impacts earlier in the decision-making process, reserving more sophisticated modeling techniques for the most promising scenarios. The capability gaps identified are addressed by the development of a rapid generic fleet-level noise model that captures basic airport noise contour shape and contour area, a categorization of airports with respect to their operational and infrastructure characteristics, and the development of shape metrics that enable rapid classification and comparison of contour shapes.
Once the capability gaps were addressed, the resultant System-Wide Assessment of Noise (SWAN) methodology was implemented via use cases to demonstrate the application of the methodology, examining the introduction of a set of possible near-term (N+1) future technologies into the forecast. While these examples are simplified and notional, they demonstrate the types of analyses and investigations that can be performed with the SWAN methodology, providing answers regarding the impact of technologies on contour shapes.
The development, verification, validation, and demonstration of these capabilities complete a framework for evaluating fleet-level noise at the screening-level that retains the ability to capture and effectively discuss shape information beyond the capability of current screening-level noise evaluation techniques. By developing a rapid generic fleet-level noise model, a set of Generic Airports, and metrics that objectively quantify and describe shape, decision-makers can access greater levels of information, including the critical facet of contour shape in fleet-level airport noise.
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Von, Holdt Diana (Diana Sheila). "GIS mapping and analysis of aircraft noise at Cape Town International Airport." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53441.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The noise produced by aircraft during operations around airports represents a senous social, technical, economic and environmental problem which is only going to get worse as air traffic volumes increase. Rapid urbanisation, development encroachment and poor planning in the past have resulted in noisy airport runways being situated too close to residents' living space. Rapid industrial growth and lack of funding exacerbate noise problems in developing countries. Moreover, developing countries and especially South Africa tend to have moderate climates and open-window living, which makes insulation an ineffective solution to the noise problem. This study aims at employing GIS to establish the potential noise exposure of various sensitive land use categories and population groups in the noise-controlled area at Cape Town International Airport. Firstly, options for the demarcation of a noise-controlled area were evaluated. Thereafter, incompatible land uses and priority areas for land use compatibility projects were identified and recommendations made for urban renewal projects for these areas. Lastly, the noise-exposed population were profiled according to vulnerability characteristics and vulnerable groups identified and located. A recommendation was made that Cape Town International Airport set up an interactive map-based website to disseminate information to the public about noise and any other important issues concerning the airport. An Internet GIS application would empower citizens by providing them with a dynamic and interactive tool for improved public participation and a better understanding of the potential environmental and socio-economic effects of the airport. Noise complaints could also be investigated through the website and prompt feedback given to the communities complaining about aircraft noise. At the local community level where people are being annoyed every day and night resulting in negative health effects, the problem of aircraft noise demands urgent attention, and measures should be put in place to reduce vulnerability to noise and improve the overall quality of life of noiseweary residents. Keywords: aircraft noise, noise mapping, noise-controlled area, noise contours, land use compatibility, noise exposure
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die geraas veroorsaak deur vliegtuie by lughawens bied ernstige sosiale, tegniese, ekonomiese en omgewingsprobleme, wat net erger gaan raak namate vlugverkeer toeneem. Snelle verstedeliking, ontwikkelings-oorskryding en swak beplanning in die verlede het veroorsaak dat raserige aanloopbane te nabyaan mense se leefruimte gebou is. Vinnige industriële groei en 'n tekort aan befondsing vererger geraasprobleme in ontwikkelende lande. Bowendien het ontwikkelende lande, en veral Suid Afrika, 'n matige klimaat en oop-venster-leefwyse wat isolering 'n oneffektiewe oplossing maak vir die geraasprobleem. Hierdie studie het ten doelom GIS te gebruik om die potensiële geraas blootstelling van sensitiewe grondgebruike en bevolkingsgroepe in die geraas-kontrole area by Kaapstad Internasionale Lughawe vas te stel. Eerstens is opsies vir die afbakening van die geraas-kontrole area geëvalueer. Daaropvolgend IS onversoenbare grondgebruike en prioriteitsareas VIr grondgebruikversoeningsprojekte geïdentifiseer en aanbevelings gemaak vir stedelike vernuwingsprojekte vir hierdie areas. Laastens is 'n profiel daargestel van die geraas-blootgestelde bevolkings volgens kwesbaarheidskenmerke en kwesbare groepe is geïdentifiseer en hulligging aangedui. 'n Voorstel is gemaak dat Kaapstad Internasionale Lughawe 'n interaktiewe kaart-gebaseerde webwerf in werking moet stelom inligting oor geraas- en ander belangrike probleme in verband met die lughawe beskikbaar te stel vir die publiek en ander belanghebbendes. 'n Internet-GIS toepassing sal mense bemagtig deur hulle te voorsien van 'n dinamiese en interaktiewe meganisme wat sal lei tot beter gemeenskapsdeelname en ook 'n beter begrip van die potensiële omgewings- en sosio-ekonomiese uitwerking van die lughawe. Klagte oor geraas kan ook deur die webwerf hanteer en ondersoek word, en verder hulp verleen word deur vinnige terugvoering aan die gemeenskap wat die klagtes gelê het. Op plaaslike gemeenskapsvlak, waar mense elke dag en nag geïrriteerd raak en waar dit dan kan lei tot negatiewe gesondheidsinvloed, sal die probleem van vliegtuiggeraas dringend aangespreek moet word, en stappe geneem word ten einde kwesbaarheid van inwoners teenoor vliegtuiggeraas te verminder. Dit sal dan lei tot die algehele verbetering van die lewensgehalte van geraas-moeë Inwoners. Sleutelwoorde: vliegtuiggeraas, geraaskartering. geraas-kontrole area, geraaskontoere, grondgebruik versoenbaarheid, geraas blootstelling
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Karami, K. "Psychological and social effects of noise from aircraft at Tehran International Airport (Iran)." Thesis, University of Salford, 1993. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14671/.
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This thesis is the result of over 2 years research on the ef f ects of aircraf t noise on human health of the residents around Mehrabad Airport (Tehran). other studies in England, Germany, France, Netherlands, Switzerland, Hong Kong, U. S. A., Australia, Nigeria and Canada show a positive correlation between the extent of social and psychological disorders and aircraft noise. Social survey data from questionnaires translated into Farsi highlight relationships -between noise and psychological problems. The Noise and Number Index (NNI) for aircraft noise assessment was derived from noise measurements and correlated with questionnaires. The results were computed by SPSS PC" software. The analysis of questionnaires data demonstrates that aircraft noise exposure causes annoyance and increases tiredness and affects the efficiency and performance of school teachers. Aircraft noise effects are the most severe of noises experienced by residents. It causes psychological and physiological disorders, sleep disturbance and communication difficulties. Noise is a very important factor which needs more attention and further study on its effects on human health and the impact of aircraft noise on different sections of society.
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Issarayangyun, Tharit Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Aircraft noise and public health : acoustical measurement and social survey around Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/22394.
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The development of major commercial airports promotes the air transport industry and generates positive economic benefits to the airport and to its host economy. However, external costs are associated with these benefits. Any increase in aircraft movement causes negative environmental impacts, especially noise pollution. Governments have reduced aircraft noise levels at their sources, or introduced aircraft noise management strategies (ANMS); however the problems have never been satisfactorily resolved. This research aims at developing a better understanding of the impacts of aircraft noise on community health and well-being by exploring two core research questions: (1) ???Is health related quality of life worse in communities chronically exposed to aircraft noise than in communities not exposed????; and (2) ???Does long-term aircraft noise exposure associate with adult high blood pressure level via noise stress as a mediating factor????. The Sydney (Kingsford Smith) Airport has been selected as a case study. The health survey instruments have been developed and piloted, and then translated from English into Greek and Arabic. A postal self-administrative health survey (with follow-up letters) has been implemented in the areas surrounding Sydney Airport (called ???aircraft noise exposure group???) and in the matched control group. The total sample size was 1,500 with 47% response rate. This thesis has developed a ???new??? noise index (named Noise Gap Index, NGI) to describe and assess aircraft noise in such a way that is easily understood by the layperson. Factorial analysis of covariance revealed that ???Health related quality of life, in term of physical functioning, general health, vitality, and mental health, of community chronically exposed to high aircraft noise level were worse than the matched control area???. Binary logistic regression analysis found that ???Subjects (aged 15 ??? 87) who have been chronically exposed to high aircraft noise level have the odds of 2.61 of having chronic noise stress. In addition person who have chronic noise stress have the odds of 2.74 of having hypertension compared with those without chronic noise stress???. Finally, the robust hypotheses of effects of aircraft noise on community health and well-being for future experimental study were proposed.
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Thanos, Sotirios. "Valuation of aircraft noise annoyance : a comparison of approaches in the context of airport relocation." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496517.
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GRAMPELLA, MATTIA. "Framework definition to assess airport noise and aircraft emissions of pollutant based on mathematical models." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/29224.
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During the last ten years, in Civil Aviation sector there have been several initiatives for the development of policies to mitigate the environmental impacts. From ICAO to the single national authorities, like ENAC in Italy, it has been noted a strong increase in studies related to the specific environmental aspects concerning Aviation activities. The last three years have seen a stable 3% sector annual growth trend . Financial crisis, started in 2007, has not changed the estimation of traffic doubling volume for 2020.
It is clear that this air traffic increase will request the upgrading of the airport infrastructures. It is very important that sustainable objectives of economic growth will be set in order to protect environment both on local scale, for communities living near airports, and on global scale, for the limitation of Greenhouse gases. In Italy the main aspect has always been noise pollution because the majority of airports are within densely populated areas.
In Europe after the introduction of specific Directives, emission of pollutants in the atmosphere has seen an increase in perception not only for the development of mitigation projects like CleanSky, but also for the adoption of ETS for the Commercial Aviation sector. However, it does not exist yet a common set of rules around the world. This potentially can create some conflicting situations due to the interdependence between noise and emissions of pollutant .
It is necessary to focus on all the environmental aspects to integrate the mitigation policies and operational procedures. The best choice will be made also taking into account capacity and safety issues in order to increase the effectiveness of the interventions.
This thesis presents a method for the determination of two environmental indexes, the first regarding noise and the second atmospheric emissions produced by flight operations. The study case is the Italian airport system in the period 1999-2008. The indexes have been validated with mathematical models at the three major Lombardy airports. In this way, an “environmental tool” for airport impact analysis, both for actual conditions and future developments, has been created in order to simplify the assessment without using models or measures.
As a descriptor of the airport noise, we opted for an index similar to the Day Night Level, DNL, which is based on the single event noise, weighed accordingly on whether it takes place in day-time or night-time. The name of the index is LVAyear.
As for the impact on air quality, it was decided to assign a monetary cost to emissions to estimate the air traffic externalities in relation to the pollutants considered in this study (HC, NOx, CO, PM and SO2). The designed descriptor is called LAP (Local Air Pollution) index.
Scenario simulations were done with mathematical models INM to calculate noise levels and EDMS to quantify emissions of contaminants.
As for the structure of the work, chapter 1 and 2 introduce the general aspects concerning noise and gas emissions as well as mathematical models. The procedure for indexes definition is contained in chapter 3 while scenario analysis is described in chapter 4. Results are discussed in chapter 5.
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Scott, Emily A. "Recognition of aerospace acoustic sources using advanced pattern recognition techniques." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03022010-020131/.
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Lloyd, Justine. "I'd rather not be in Marrickville : aerial modernities and the domestication of the sublime." Thesis, View thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:450.
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Since the first flights in Sydney in 1910, the problem of exactly where to locate Sydney's airport has preoccupied and troubled planners, politicians and residents of the city. This thesis examines Sydney airport as a space, site and symbol under contestation by major social forces - Zukin - throughout the twentieth century. In doing so, it seeks to question the claims of both planners and anti-airport protestors to resolve and manage large-scale urban developments. Via a series of case studies of representations of the airport, the thesis develops an argument for understanding the airport as a heterotopia: neither sublime nor abject, but through such an extremist spatial imaginary pointing to the production of modernist space as a highly contested process. Because it localises and materialises discourses on the nature and goals of progress,internationalisation and globalisation, it is argued that the built form of the airport is, and will continue to be, a key site of such aerial modernity. The final chapter closely reads a series of airport tales- (a film, a play and a park) in order to consider the ways in which they rework the modernist sublime in domestic space.It is concluded that these stories offer a method of representing locality that goes beyond the existing understandings of locality as an essence of place. The appeal of the narratives lies in the shift that they develop, through excessive and negotiated representations of both the domestic and the sublime, from the local as essence, to locality as practice.
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Tarassoff, Peter Stuart. "A hedonic model of the impact of localized aircraft noise on housing values /." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69692.
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The market becomes inefficient when externalities cause market failure. However, an externality does not entrain inefficiency if a market other than the one that generates it accounts for it in some way. Airports are a well-known source of the negative externality noise; and housing market are commonly thought to be affected by airport noise. A hedonic model was applied to airport noise and the housing market, together. It was found that the housing market of the West Island of Montreal did account implicitly for the noise annoyance from Dorval Airport, hence that the noise was a pecuniary externality. Moreover, each additional unit of noise annoyance (NEFdB) was found to cause an average depreciation in housing price (NDSI) of 0.76%. Finally, the linguistic predominance (French- or English-speaking) of a neighhourhood's residents may be an appropriate Canadian analogue for the racial variables that have been specified in some hedonic property models in the U.S.
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Tsikas, Nikolaos. "Performance Assessment of Operations in the North Atlantic Organized Track System and Chicago O'Hare International Airport Noise Study." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82019.
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This thesis consists of two topics. The first topic is a performance assessment study of the flight operations in the North Atlantic Organized Track System. This study begins with the demand shortfall analysis of demand sets provided by the Federal Aviation Association (FAA). These sets were used to simulate OTS traffic for a number of scenarios that consider different separation minima. For this reason, algorithms were developed to modify the NAT OTS configuration applying reduced lateral separation between tracks and estimate the probability that any given flight that traverses the Atlantic will use the OTS. The preliminary results showed that the scenario with reduced lateral separation minimum (RLatSM) (25 nm) and the reduced longitudinal separation minimum (RLongSM) (8 nm) was the most optimal among all five that were simulated. The application of RLatSM also decrease the mean fuel consumption of flights that shift from traversing the OTS to flying random routes. The second topic is a noise study performed for the Chicago O'Hare International Airport. The contributions to this topic were three fold: 1) we analyzed data to understand the current operations at ORD airport 2) we verified the noise contours produced in 2002 by the FAA, Chicago Department of Aviation (CDA) and the engineering contractors 3) we produced noise contours for today's airport activity.Master of Science
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Bartkevičiūtė, Monika. "Orlaivių skleidžiamo triukšmo gyvenamoje aplinkoje tyrimas ir vertinimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130617_184703-71333.
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Baigiamajame magistro darbe nagrinėjamas orlaivių sukeliamas triukšmas gyvenamojoje aplinkoje. Analizuojamas triukšmo susidarymas įvairiose orlaivių judėjimo situacijose: orlaiviams kylant, leidžiantis ir judant oro uosto teritorijoje. Vertinama Tarptautinio Vilniaus oro uosto triukšmo lygių bei dažnių charakteristikų sklaida į greta oro uosto esančias gyvenamas teritorijas. Darbą sudaro 4 skyriai. Pirmajame skyriuje apžvelgiama garso fizikinė prasmė, triukšmo šaltiniai, problema bei poveikis. Antrajame skyriuje aprašomi tyrimo objektai, pateikiama matavimo vietų charakteristika bei eksperimentinė orlaivių keliamo triukšmo tyrimų metodika. Trečiajame skyriuje pateiti skirtingas funkcijas atliekančių orlaivių tyrimų rezultatai bei analizė. Ketvirtajame skyriuje pateikiama kylančių, besileidžiančių ir oro uosto teritorijoje judančių orlaivių keliamo triukšmo modeliavimo rezultatai taikant programą „IMMI“. Taip pat pateikiamos bendros išvados, literatūros sąrašas ir publikacijų sąrašas šio darbo tema. Darbo apimtis – 92 p. teksto be priedų, 64 iliustr., 10 lent., 52 bibliografiniai šaltiniai.The master thesis deals with aircraft noise in the living environment. Analyzing the generation of noise in various situations: aircraft take-off and landing and movement of the aircrafts in airport area. Treating the spread of noise levels and frequency characteristics of the International Vilnius Airport to the nearby airport located residential areas. The work consists of four chapters. The first chapter provides an overview of sound physical meaning, sources of noise, the problem and the impact. The second chapter describes the objects of research, the characteristics of measured locations (places) as well as experimental aircraft noise research methodology. The third chapter presents the different functions for aircraft research results and analysis. The fourth chapter provides modeling results caused noices due aircraft take-off, landing and movements in airport area, using the „IMMI“ program. Also contains general conclusions, bibliography, and a list of publications on this topic. Volume of the work - 92 p. text without attachments, 64 pictures (illustrations), 10 tables and 52 bibliographic sources.
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Will, Felix [Verfasser], Mirko [Akademischer Betreuer] Hornung, Mirko [Gutachter] Hornung, and Johannes [Gutachter] Reichmuth. "A Novel Approach for Modelling Future Airport Noise Exposure / Felix Will ; Gutachter: Mirko Hornung, Johannes Reichmuth ; Betreuer: Mirko Hornung." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2019. http://d-nb.info/120420005X/34.
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Dinato, Antonio Carlos. "Ruído sonoro no entorno de aeroportos: um estudo de caso no aeroporto de Ribeirão Preto." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18143/tde-05082011-101359/.
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Com o aumento do tráfego aéreo no aeroporto de Ribeirão Preto - SP e o conhecimento de várias reclamações sobre o incômodo sonoro junto ao Ministério Público é apresentada uma análise, através de simulação computacional, de como ficou as curvas de ruído deste aeródromo. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar como a população, que está no seu entorno, é afetada pela operação das aeronaves e qual o percentual a ser encontrado após a simulação realizada com o programa INM (Integrated Noise Model). A simulação indicou que o aumento das operações no Aeroporto Leite Lopes SBRP não ocasionou um impacto maior na população afetada dentro da área definida pela curva de 65 dB(A), ficando este valor dentro de parâmetros aceitáveis pelas normas adotadas. A velocidade e a direção dos ventos locais contribuem para o aumento do impacto ambiental, sugerindo a necessidade de alterar as rotas das aeronaves conforme ocorrerem estas mudanças meteorológicas. O estudo indicou a necessidade de alteração das rotas de pouso e decolagem. Orientar os pilotos através dos controladores de voo que pousos e decolagens sejam efetuados pela cabeceira da pista 36 (trinta e seis), prolongando o eixo de decolagem em mais 2 milhas náuticas ou 2 km. Para mitigar o efeito do impacto produzido pelas operações das aeronaves no aeroporto, se faz necessário a realização de novos estudos para que possamos orientar o planejamento urbano do entorno utilizando novas rotas de voos com novos levantamentos de campo e simulações.With increasing air traffic at the airport of Ribeirão Preto - SP and the knowledge of numerous complaints about noise nuisance with the Public Ministry, it is presented an analysis through computer simulation of how would be the noise curves of this airfield. The objective of this study was to determine how the population, which is in its surroundings, is affected by the operation of aircraft and what percentage to be found after the simulation performed with the program INM (Integrated Noise Model).The simulation indicated that the increase in operations in Leite Lopes Airport - SBRP did not cause increases in the affected population within the area defined by the curve 65 dB(A), with this value within acceptable parameters by the standards adopted. The speed and direction of local winds contribute to the increased environmental impact, suggesting the need to change the routes of aircraft as these weather changes occur. The study indicated the need for change in takeoff and landing routes. Guide the pilots through the flight controllers that takeoffs and landings are made by the end of the runway 36 (thirty six), extending the shaft off at over 2 nautical miles or 2 km. To mitigate the effect of the impact produced by aircraft operations at the airport, it is necessary to carry out further research so we can guide the planning of urban environment using new flight routes with new field surveys and simulations.
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Lindeler, Sara. "Flygtrafikbuller i hemmiljö : En enkätundersökning om besvärsupplevelser och hälsa i relation till flygbuller för boende kring Linköping City Airport." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicin och hälsa, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-162855.
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Introduktion: Buller definieras som oönskat ljud. Uppfattningen av ett oönskat ljud är mycket individuellt. Det som anses vara oljud för en person, kan upplevas som icke-oljud för en annan person. Buller anses dock generellt som störande ljud och är vanligtvis något som varje individ stöter på under sin vardag som exempelvis på arbetsplatsen, skolan, eller i hemmet. Buller anses vara den miljöstörning som berör flest människor i Sverige. Det är ett växande problem och flygtrafik anses vara en av de mest genomgripande utomhusljudkällorna. Bullerproblem som är förknippade med flygtrafik är koncentrerade i områden nära flygplatser, vilket kan påverka flera tusentals boendes hälsa. Flygtrafikbuller har länge varit ett folkhälsoproblem och många människor som är bosatta i närheten av en flygplats har utvecklat ett antal negativa hälsoeffekter av flygtrafikbuller Syfte: Att undersöka hur boende som är bosatta nära flygplatsen Linköping City Airport upplever och påverkas av flygtrafikbuller. Metod: Studien har utförts som en enkätundersökning med en kvantitativ tvärsnittsdesign. Webbenkäten som har använts som mätinstrument har konstruerats för att besvara syftet. 292 vuxna individer (>18år), varav 158 män och 133 kvinnor, deltog i studien. Insamlad statistiska data har bearbetats och analyserats i SPSS. För att kunna besvara syftet har följande statistiska tester använts: chi2-test, spearmans-korrelationsanalys och logistisk regressionsanalys. Resultat och konklusion: Boende som är bosatta i Tannefors visade överlag positiva upplevelser till flygtrafiken och var positivt inställda till flygplatsen. De boende som upplevde störningar minst varje vecka vissa delar av året upplevde att flygtrafikbuller medför svårigheter att utföra olika aktiviteter. Kvinnor i den yngsta åldersgruppen upplevde flygtrafikbuller som mer störande jämfört med män. Män hade en mer negativ inställning till flygplatsen jämfört med kvinnor. Boende som rapporterade sämre hälsotillstånd, sömnproblem och användande av öronproppar eller något annat hörselskydd för att kunna sova bättre, sämre sömnkvalitet, trötthet, obehagskänslor, ledsenhet och nedstämdhet, osällskaplighet och att man föredrar att vara ifred, irritation och vresighet, stress, lock eller tinnitus i öronen meddelade också ett större besvär för flygtrafikbuller.Introduction: Aircraft noise is an example of unwanted sound. The perception of unwanted sound is very individual. What is considered noise by one person may be perceived as non-noise by someone else. However, noise is generally regarded as disturbing noise and is usually something that each individual encounters in their daily life, such as in the workplace, at school, or at home. Noise is considered to be the form of environmental disruption that affects the most people in Sweden. It is a growing problem, and air traffic is considered to be one of the most pervasive outdoor sound sources. Noise problems associated with air traffic are concentrated in areas close to airports, which can affect the health of thousands of residents. Air traffic noise has long been a public health problem, and many people living near an airport have developed a number of negative health effects due to air traffic noise. Purpose: To study how residents living near Linköping City Airport experience and are affected by air traffic noise. Method: The study has been conducted as a questionnaire survey with a quantitative crosssectional design. The online survey that has been used as a measuring instrument has been designed to answer the purpose. 292 adult subjects (> 18 years), including 158 men and 133 women, participated in the study. Collected statistical data has been processed and analysed in SPSS. In order to answer the purpose, the following statistical tests have been used: chi2 test, Spearman’s correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results and conclusion: Residents living in Tannefors generally had positive experiences from air traffic and were positive towards the airport. The residents who experienced disturbances at least every week during certain parts of the year felt that air traffic noise caused difficulties performing various activities. Women in the youngest age group experienced air traffic noise as more disturbing compared to men. Men had fewer negative attitudes towards the airport compared to women. Residents who reported poorer health conditions, sleep problems and the use of earplugs or other hearing protectors to be able to sleep better, poorer sleep quality, fatigue, discomfort, sadness and depressed mood, low morale, a desire to be left alone, irritation and grief, stress, clogged ear or tinnitus also started that air traffic noise was a major inconvenience.
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Neto, Antonio Giovanelli. "Análise do ruído aeronáutico no entorno do aeroporto de São José dos Campos." Universidade de Taubaté, 2010. http://www.bdtd.unitau.br/tedesimplificado/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=280.
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A pesquisa tem por finalidade, analisar a extensão do impacto sonoro produzido pelas operações de aeronaves no Aeroporto de São José dos Campos e avaliar o conforto acústico da população localizada na sua área de influência. Este trabalho estabeleceu como objetivo geral verificar se o nível de ruído produzido pelo tráfego aéreo atual está de acordo com os níveis estabelecidos pelo Ministério da Aeronáutica e identificar o grau de incômodo sonoro e a percepção atual da população com relação ao impacto sonoro. Foi admitida a hipótese de que as curvas isofônicas, passados 25 anos, se encontrassem subdimensionadas. A metodologia empregada para calcular o nível de ruído aeronáutico foi baseada principalmente na modelagem de curvas isofônicas, utilizando o programa computacional Integrated Noise Model (INM) versão 7.0, elaborado pela Federal Aviation Administration. Foram utilizadas como informações de entrada os dados de tráfego aéreo e informações meteorológicas de 2008, fornecidos pelo Comando de Aeronáutica. Como ferramenta auxiliar foi feita uma pesquisa de campo, através da aplicação de um questionário para avaliar a percepção da população quanto ao nível de incômodo sonoro. Ficou demonstrado que as curvas isofônicas estabelecidas em 1984, pela Aeronáutica, abrangem áreas maiores, para o mesmo nível de ruído, do que as calculadas na modelagem para o tráfego aéreo atual. O resultado da pesquisa também mostrou que o ruído emitido pelas aeronaves faz parte da rotina dos moradores nas áreas pesquisadas. A conclusão é de que o Plano de Zoneamento de Ruído do Aeroporto de São José dos Campos necessita de uma atualização quanto aos limites dos níveis de ruído para atender o nível de conforto sonoro da população.The aim of this research is to analyze the extension of sound impact that is produced by the airplanes at São José dos Campos Airport and to evaluate the population acoustic comfort set in this influenced area. This work set as general objective to verify if sound level produced by current air traffic is due to the established levels of Aeronautics Department and to identify the level of sound disturbance and the population perception related to sound impact. Theres been admitted the hypothesis that the noise contours were undersized past 25 years. The methodology used to calculate the aeronautics sound level was based mainly at the noise contours, using a computer program Integrated Noise Model (INM), version 7.0 elaborated by Federal Aviation Administration. Theres been used, as entrance information, air traffic data and meteorological information of year 2008, given by Brazilian Air Force Command. As an auxiliary tool, theres been done field research, using questionnaire application to evaluate the population perception of the sound disturbance level. Theres been shown that noise contours established in 1984 by Air Force included larger areas to the same level sound than to those calculated at the modeling for current air traffic. The result of the research also showed that the noise sent out by the airplane is part of the neighborhood routine of the researched areas. The conclusion is that the Noise Zoning Plan of São José dos Campos Airport needs to be actualized due to the limits of the noise levels to attend a comfortable sound level to the population.
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Bartels, Susanne [Verfasser], Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Vogt, and Rainer [Akademischer Betreuer] Höger. "Aircraft noise-induced annoyance in the vicinity of Cologne/Bonn Airport - The examination of short-term and long-term annoyance as well as their major determinants / Susanne Bartels. Betreuer: Joachim Vogt ; Rainer Höger." Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1112268642/34.
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Levine, Matthew Jason. "A framework for technology exploration of aviation environmental mitigation strategies." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54437.
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The goal of this thesis was to develop a framework for modeling relevant environmental performance metrics and objectively simulating the future environmental impacts of aviation given the evolution of the fleet, the development of new technologies, and the expansion of airports. By exchanging fidelity for computational speed, a screening-level framework for assessing aviation's environmental impacts can be developed to observe new insights on fleet-level trends and inform environmental mitigation strategies. This was accomplished by developing per class average ``generic-vehicle" models that can reduce the fleet to a few representative aircraft models for predicting fleet results with reasonable accuracy. The method for Generating Emissions and Noise, Evaluating Residuals and using Inverse method for Choosing the best Alternatives (GENERICA) expands a previous generic vehicle formulation to additionally match DNL contours across a subset of airports. Designs of experiments, surrogate models, Monte Carlo simulations, and ``desirability" scores were combined to set the vehicle design parameters and reduce the mean relative error across the subset of airports. Results show these vehicle models more accurately represented contours at busy airports operating a wide variety of aircraft as compared to a traditional representative-in-class approach. Additionally, a rapid method for assessing population exposure counts was developed and incorporated into the noise tool, and the generic vehicles demonstrated accuracy with respect to population exposure counts for the actual fleet in the baseline year. The capabilities of the enabled framework were demonstrated to show fleet-level trends and explore placement of new runways at capacity constrained airports.
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Pereira, Filho Allemander J. Carleton University Dissertation Engineering Civil and Environmental. "A Road location method using noise contours for land use planning around airports." Ottawa, 1996.
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Koláček, Lukáš. "Nasazení electric taxi v reálném provozu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230606.
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This master´s thesis is focused on now being developed electric taxi system, which is going to be used for aircraft´s ground movement. The content of this work includes description of this system, requirements and developed solutions, next part describes and evaluate the consequences of deployment such system in real traffic.
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Floud, Sarah Katherine. "Cardiovascular disease and medication use associated with exposure to aircraft noise, road traffic noise and air pollution in populations living near airports." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/39137.
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Noise is a significant environmental problem; epidemiological evidence that noise from road traffic and aircraft may be damaging to health has been increasing. This thesis uses data from the HYENA (HYpertension and Exposure to Noise near Airports) multi-centre study. Earlier HYENA studies suggested that noise exposure increased the risk of hypertension and other risk factors for cardiovascular disease, through blood pressure spikes, reduced night-time dipping of blood pressure and raised morning salivary cortisol. This thesis found that long-term exposure to aircraft noise was associated with increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease and with the use of anti-hypertensive and anxiolytic medication. Road traffic noise was also associated with cardiovascular disease and additionally with antacid use in men. These are new findings with significant implications for public policy. Airports generate road traffic, with associated air pollution increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease. An analysis was therefore undertaken into whether the association between cardiovascular disease and road traffic noise was confounded by air pollution or if there was interaction between the exposures. Mutual confounding by noise and air pollution was found in separate analyses of three countries within HYENA. It is possible that aspects of the home environment, insulation, open windows and room orientation, affect exposure to noise and thus modify health risks. Associations between cardiovascular disease and road traffic noise were found for participants whose rooms faced the road and for those who had sound proofing installed in their home, suggesting the latter is a marker for higher exposure and/or sensitivity to noise. The effect of opening windows on the association between cardiovascular disease and noise was less clear, with an association with aircraft noise but not with road traffic noise.
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NEVIS, JAMES COFIE. "ANALYSIS OF AIRCRAFT NOISE ABATEMENT PROGRAMS: A CASE STUDY OF SELECTED GENERAL AVIATION/RELIEVER AIRPORTS." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1100900239.
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Nevis, James Cofie. "Analysis of aircraft noise abatement programs a case study of slelected general aviation/reliever airports /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1100900239.
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Houacine, Mohamed. "Optimisation de trajectoires pour la réduction du bruit et de la consommation de carburant des avions commerciaux durant les phases d’approche et de décollage." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO10031.
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Les bruits et les polluants atmosphériques émis par les avions commerciaux représentent un défi environnemental important, un problème de santé publique et une contrainte économique pour le développement durable du transport aérien. D'un autre côté, le développement économique des régions est intimement lié au secteur du transport aérien. Ce dernier agit comme un multi-capteur économique pour supporter le développement régional et desservir les grands centres. Cette réalité s'explique entre autres par le fait que la mondialisation des marchés impose l'utilisation de moyens rapides et compétitifs pour le transport des voyageurs et des marchandises. Notre approche est une modélisation mathématique du problème de choix des trajectoires de vol dans un domaine continu. La première étape dans la modélisation d'un tel problème est l'écriture des équations qui traduisent la dynamique de vol de l'avion. Ensuite, vient la modélisation est la synthèse des critères d'optimisation. Les critères qu'on a retenus dans notre travail sont la consommation de carburant (critère d'énergie) et le bruit perçu au sol (critère de la gêne occasionnée pour les riverains). En combinant les deux parties "modèle de la dynamique du vol" et "critères d'optimisation", et en intégrant d'autres contraintes liées à la sécurité du vol, on aboutit à un modèle mathématique qui appartient à la classe des problèmes non linéaires de contrôle optimal. C'est une classe difficile de problèmes d'optimisation qui pose un certain nombre de difficultés lors de la construction d'algorithmes de résolution. Pour résoudre le problème ainsi posé, deux approches distinctes peuvent être envisagées : méthodes directes et méthodes indirectes. Nous avons implémenté une méthode dite " pseudo spectrale de Gauss " pour la résolution du problème de contrôle. Le choix de cette méthode est basé sur une propriété très importante et qui garantit l'équivalence entre l'application des deux schémas : direct et indirects. Des résultats sont présentés et discutés. Nos résultats donnent des pistes sur de nouvelles procédures de vol qui minimisent le bruit et la consommation de carburant durant les phases d'atterrissage et de décollage. Par ailleurs, la résolution numérique consolide également le potentiel des approches CDA recommandées par l'OACI. Une comparaison aux procédures standards et une analyse de sensibilité aux critères est présentéeNoise and air pollution from commercial aircraft represent a significant environmental challenge, a public health problem and an economic constraint to the sustainable development of air transport. On the other hand, the economical development of the regions is closely linked to the airline industry. This fact is partly explained by the the globalization of markets that requires the use of fast and competitive means to transport people and goods. We propose a mathematical model to tackle this problem by optimizing flight paths in order to minimize noise emission and fuel consumption. The first step is to express the dynamics of flight of the aircraft. Then comes the synthesis of optimization criteria. The criteria we used in our work are the fuel consumption (criterion of energy) and the perceived noise levels at the ground (criterion of inconvenience for local residents). By combining the two previous parts, and incorporating other constraints related to flight safety, we obtain a mathematical model that belongs to a class of nonlinear optimal control problems. It is a difficult class of optimization problems that raises several difficulties during the construction of solving algorithms. Two different ways can be considered to solve this problem : direct methods and indirect methods. We have developed and implemented a direct method called "Gauss Pseudo-spectral Method" to solve the optimal control problem that we obtained. The choice of this method is based on a very important property that guarantees the equivalence between the use of two schemes : direct and indirect. Results are presented and discussed. Our results provide a new view on flight procedures that minimize noise and fuel consumption during landings and takeoffs. Moreover, the numerical solution also consolidates the potential of CDA approaches which are recommended by ICAO. A comparison with standard procedures and a sensitivity analysis are presented
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Chen, Wen-Ju, and 陳玟如. "The Subsidy Planning of Airport Noise." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87468255715562012761.
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碩士國立交通大學
交通運輸研究所
90
In Taiwan after Open-Sky policy in 1987, the great growth of civil aviation brings good prospects to airlines. At the same time, residents in the neighborhood of airports ask for quiet environment because of their awaking environmental awareness. They live in the abominable environment over a long period of time, and then they claim various subsidies and improvements. It is common to levy airport noise charge in airports. However, the distribution of the airport noise fund dose not stipulate in Taiwanese rules and regulations. Every Airport Noise Improvement and Execution Section of an airport determines the subsidies which are quite different in airports. The study first stands on the basic factors of noise control, and there are four main events of the subsidy planning. They are the subsidy of engineering, the subsidy of movement, the decrease of property value subsidy, and the others. There are seven objects of the subsidy, such as schools, libraries, the organizations of medical treatment, residences, stores, the organizations of government, and companies. According to the four events and seven objects of the subsidy, the annual cost of airport noise control is calculated. The airport noise fund is limited. We suggest that ratio of the subsidy is in accordance with the decrease hearing of airport noise.
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Lin, Hwei-Fun, and 林慧芳. "Satisfaction study on airport noise compensation policy." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73960833412184668004.
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博士國立臺灣師範大學
衛生教育研究所
88
ABSTRACT Government has spent great effort in controlling noise level around the civil airport such as Taipei Shung-Shan Airport and Kaoshiung Hsiao-kang Airport. The controlling measures include: law making, set up monitoring stations、compensation etc. And yet, how do the resident feel about the measures? How should the government promote these measures and let people do appreciate for it? What kind of approach should the government take to make different personality type of residents appreciate the policy? The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between policy satisfaction and the environmental behavior of the residents who live in the second and third contour area around the Shung-Shan Airport and Hsiao-Kan Airport. By using the questionnaire to collect basic data, the study analyzed 780 residents’ social economic data, locus of control, environmental behavior responsibility. Adopting SPSS 7.0 version, frequency distribution, t-Test, ONE-WAY ANOVA, stepwise regression and Canonical Correlation have been used for data analysis. The results are as follows: 1. Residents show much higher awareness in environmental concept than in compensation policy. Among the compensation policy, residents have highest awareness in noise source control, lowest in airport facility noise control. 2. Residents’ sensitivity toward the environment are high；residents with low environmental sensitivity have higher level of policy satisfaction. Most of the residents show a tendency toward New Environmental Paradigm. 3. Residents show their moderate to high level of perceived strategies and efficacy, and behavior intention. 4. Residents have greatest level of satisfaction on airport facility noise control，lowest in economic compensation policy. 5. Residents with internal locus control 、live in the third contour area of the Shung-Shan Airport、residential period longer than 6-year-old、 with a self-owned house、higher environmental sensitivity、higher perceived strategy show less satisfaction level with the policy. 6. The best predictors for overall policy satisfaction are: environmental sensitivity、locus of control and environmental awareness. These three account for 11.4% of the variance. 7. The best predictors for the satisfaction level of noise source control policy are : noise source control awareness、locus of control environmental sensitivity. These three account for 8.1% of the variance. 8. The best predictors for satisfaction level of airport facility noise control are: airport facility noise control awareness、environmental sensitivity and perceived strategy。These factors account for 11% of the variance. 9. The best predictors for satisfaction level of economic compensation are: economic compensation awareness 、locus of control and environmental sensitivity. These factors account for 16.2% of the variance. 10. The satisfaction level of the policy has correlation with political behavior intention. And is account for 2.5% of the variance. A prediction model of environmental behavior toward policy satisfaction is formulated and some suggestions to the environmental educators and policy makers are presented.
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Lin, Ruby Ju-Ping, and 林如蘋. "A Study of Airport Noise Charges : the Case of the C.K.S. International Airport." Thesis, 1996. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55360282845845363228.
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碩士國立交通大學
交通運輸研究所
84
The main purpose of this study is to explore how aircraft noise charges can be calculated. In order to give an empirical example of how such calculations would work in practice, we estimated the noise charge per landing at C.K.S. international airport. We explored the charging problem both from the legislative perspective and technical perspective. The legislative side includes a survey of the related regulations of Japan and Taiwan. We compared the differences and develop the legislation framework of our country, pointing out that legislation is an important issue and should be improved as soon as possible. The technical side of airport noise charge problem can be considered as two sub-problems : cost estimation and cost allocation. For cost estimation, three approaches were discussed : via the real expenditure, via the regulated expenditure, and via the property depreciation. The first two were applied to the C.K.S. case. For cost allocation, based on the existing formulae being applied by various airports worldwide, we categorized these noise charge formulae into two major models : Linear Model and Exponential Model. Both models were used to calculate the noise fee for the C.K.S. international airport. Numerical results of our case study showed that two models have similar outcomes for heavy and noisy aircraft or light and quiet ones, and dissimilar outcomes for heavy but quiet aircraft or light but noisy ones. For example, a typical B747-400 would be charged NT$ 8,524 per landing for Linear Model and NT$ 8,161 for Exponential Model, but a B737-222 would be charged NT$ 2,621 for Linear Model and NT$ 5,094 for Exponential Model. In comparison to Linear Model currently being employed by our country, Exponential Model seems to have better quality to reflect the noise impact caused by one aircraft. When Exponential Model is applied, we suggest that the value of transformation coefficient should be set between the range that reflects human perceptions, and a time period penalty should be included in the noise index of the aircraft for each operation. To eliminate the impact of time-lag effect, we recommend a charging system with fixed calculation formula and adjustable unit price.
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Chen, Yi-feng, and 陳儀峰. "Noise Reduction Design on Bag Carousel for CKS Airport." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14470954572387562625.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
機械工程系
90
Baggage suffers bumping and damage when it noisily drops from the conveyers onto bag carousels at the delivery side of the first terminal of the CKS International Airport, because of improper arrangements and designs of the carousels. This situation is unacceptable to airport passengers. Accordingly, this research focuses on solving these problems of noise and damage using the mechanical systematic design process. First, literature on bag carousels was reviewed. The QFD technique was applied to clarify the relationship between customer requirements and engineering requirements. The primary function of a suitable design was determined. Conceptual designs were then developed by brainstorming and TRIZ methods. Finally, based on techniques of concept evaluation, experiments were conducted and improvements of the new designs were verified.
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Feng, Chien-Chang, and 馮鑑昌. "A Study of Site Selection of Proposed CKS Airport 3rd Runway from the Viewpoint of Airport Noise." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/10144395189958496480.
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碩士國立臺北科技大學
建築與都市設計研究所
92
The objective of this research is to evaluate the site of runway from view-point of noise. Airport is a key knot between land and air public transport and should be integrated in urban/region planning and developed compatibly with communities, however, noise is a nightmare to both sides. CKS airport will add 3rd runway in south of airport to cope with demand according to the Master plan. However, due to airport noise affecting the noise-sensitive activities of the community near by, people have complained noise and protested against the 3rd south runway proposal and strong suggested it should be relocated at north side of airport instead of south side. Public opinion on this noise issue split down two sides, and a mixed response from the public concerned. This study tries to explore the issue from the viewpoint of airport noise. Firstly, planning the ideal sites of north and south 3rd runway to obtain the parameters of runway location, elevation, etc, this paper uses FAA FAR Part 150, Integrated Noise Model to simulate standardized noise exposure maps around airport area impacted by both proposal of runways in 2010, and evaluate the number of people and land area affected. Finally, using the Hierarchy Scoring Method ranks the proposed sites of 3rd runway from the viewpoint of airport noise. This paper presents the technical approach of noise, noise abatement and shows the results of evaluation, the northside proposal is a little better than south one. However, airport noise is only one of main considerations in airport master planning and it is a challenge to authorities concerned nowadays.
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Lin, Pei-Hui, and 林佩憓. "Airline Network Adjustment in Response to Noise Charge and Performance Assessment for Airport Noise Charge Policies." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03804904349405851553.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立交通大學
運輸工程與管理系
89
The continued growth of air transportation has decreased dramatically the travel cost and travel time. However, it also has generated tremendous noise pollution at major airports around the world. Therefore, the noise charge has been generally introduced at major airports in order to internalize noise externalities. In response to airport levy, airlines may adjust network structure to alleviate its impacts on their operation costs. Previous literature on airline network design usually downplayed noise externality. Nero and Black(1998) focused on the environmental externalities using a conceptual spatial model and addressed the environmental impacts related to extensive hubbing. Others discussed the impacts of airport noise charge on airline flight frequencies, aircraft choices and routing policy by using economic concepts and case studies. However, no literature has combined network model and economic theory to formulate theoretical models on analyzing airline network adjustment in response to airport noise levy. Different airports usually levy various aircraft noise fee according to aircraft types and airport noise budget. So airlines may redesign its network structure and alter flight frequencies and aircraft types considering noise charge. This research aims to explore different airport noise charge policies, to investigate the airline network design considering aircraft noise charge, and to analyze the performance of airport noise charge policy from multiple perspectives. The study identifies airline cost function and formulates an airline network design model by minimizing airline operating cost to determine the optimal air routes and flight frequencies and aircraft types in response to airport noise charge. Furthermore, the study discusses the context of several noise charge policies, and investigates the impact of these policies on airline costs and network structure. Since airlines’ decisions on aircraft routes and flight frequencies in response to the airport noise charge will influence the footprint of pollution around each airport node. Therefore, the study further uses equivalent steady sound level to quantify aircraft noise and to assess airport noise charge performance. Furthermore, the study formulates a multiobjective model to assess the performance of different noise charge policies by evaluating changes in airport operation costs and operation revenues, the welfare of airport residents nearby, and the operation cost of regulated airlines. An empirical example illustrates the application and usefulness of the model. The results show that airlines may change aircraft routes and flight frequencies in response to the airport noise charge. The hub airport noise fee also may influence airlines’ network decision. If most of airlines incline to use bigger aircrafts and fewer frequencies in response to the airport noise charge, the social cost caused by airport noise will decrease. Finally, airport landing fee setting will influence the extent of noise charge on controlling social costs. It is envisaged that the results of the developed models not only shed light on airline network design and airport noise policy literatures, but also provide guidance on network adjustment for airlines in response to noise charge and on airport noise charge policy assessment for airport authority.
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Wang, Chia-hsiung, and 王嘉雄. "The Economic Issues of Airport Noise and Evaluation of Improvement Alternatives." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/28021032630119500091.
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碩士國立交通大學
交通運輸研究所
86
The great growth of civil aviation brings good prospects to airlines. At the same time, residents in the neighborhood of airports ask for quiet environ-ment because of their awaking environmental awareness. In the past, the studies about airport noise in our country paid more attention to monitoring and abate-ment techniques of airport noise. There were few studies exploring the problem of airport noise from economic aspect. Therefore this study reviews the methodsused to solve the problem of airport noise,explores the economic characteristicsof airport noise and establishes and evaluates improvement alternatives fromeconomic viewpoints. Noise pollutes quiet environments, but there is no price market for quiet-ness. Airlines do not pay for making noise because there is no price mechanism.It brings external cost to affect the resident. Economically , the governmentshould intervene the market by taxation, regulations or ownership of propertyrights to internalize the external cost.And it will help to achieve the optimallevel of pollution. The study first establishes several alternatives of improvements or compe-nsation under their own objectives of government authority, airlines and resi-dents and then applies multiple criteria evaluation method to evaluate them. Itcould be shown from the evaluation that the alternatives of improvement or air-crafts and airport relocation would be preferred under the objective of maximal social welfare , while the alternatives of alternatives of improvements ofaircrafts and airlines regulations would be preferred under the objectives of minimal implementation cost. Fianlly, the study proposes government can organize an ad hoc committee, which consists of representatives of central and local governments,residents inthe neighborhood of airports and operators of airlines,to deal with the problemof airport noise. This committee should be responsible for monitoring,mechanismof improvements and compensations, and establishing a trust fund used specially to solve the problem of airport noise.
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YU, TAI-SHENG, and 喻台生. "The assessment of airport noise impact upon the surrounding school campus." Thesis, 1986. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/88653208967377884634.
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Bau, Jia-Yuan, and 包佳元. "An analysis of the externalities of airport noise and obstacle limitation surfaces." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50815702768464675908.
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碩士國立高雄海洋科技大學
航運管理研究所
95
The airport has a negative influence on the use of land and the life quality in the neighbor area. In the past, there are many studies for evaluating the airport noise externalities and resident compensations. Because of flight security, there are many obstacle limitation surfaces near the airport. They also limit the use of land and economy of local area. The purpose of this study is evaluating these externalities. The study try to establish formula to evaluate the externalities of airport noise and obstacle limitation surfaces. We used the hedonic method and space superficies method to establish the formula. The consideration targets included the whole area and the single house near the airport. Finally we collect the data of the local area near the Kaohsiung International Airport for the research’s sample.