Journal articles on the topic 'Aire apicale'
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Fabiani Ticona, Ábilson Josué, Ebingen Villavicencio Caparó, José Gonzalo Artieda Sáenz, and Carla Alejandra Miranda Miranda. "EN PRENSA - Técnicas de microfiltración apical en Endodoncia." Revista Peruana de Ciencias de la Salud 4, no. 2 (June 15, 2022): e369. http://dx.doi.org/10.37711/rpcs.2022.4.2.369.
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La microfiltración se define como la percolación de desechos, fluidos orales, microorganismos o iones a través de la interfaz entre el material de restauración y la pared del órgano dentario. Los trazadores más frecuentes que se han utilizado para medir la microfiltración son colorantes, isótopos radiactivos, bacterias y sus productos. El objetivo del artículo es revisar la literatura mundial respecto a las técnicas de medición de microfiltración apical en endodoncia. La presente es una revisión narrativa, que consiste en la lectura y contraste de diferentes fuentes, a través de una búsqueda en las bases de datos digitales: PubMed, SciELO y Google Académico. Treinta y cuatro artículos fueron incluidos en la revisión de literatura, seleccionados de acuerdo a los criterios de inclusión establecidos. Se hallaron las siguientes técnicas: Penetración del tinte filtración de fluidos, disolución del tinte, método de infiltración de bacterias y toxinas, método de presión de aire, método electroquímico, método de radioisótopos, trazadores de solución de metal, método de difusión inversa, caries artificiales, microscopía electrónica de barrido, microscopio electrónico de transmisión, microtomografía computarizada.
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Cenoz, Pedro J., Alfredo E. López, and Ángela M. Burgos. "Factores ambientales que regulan el deterioro poscosecha en mandioca (Manihot esculenta CRANTZ)." Agrotecnia, no. 8 (August 4, 2002): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.30972/agr.08473.
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Con el propósito de evaluar algunos elementos climáticos que influyen en el deterioro poscosecha en mandioca, se realizó una experiencia en un diseño factorial 23, analizándose dos condiciones de temperatura inicial, una con secado a estufa a 40º C. durante 45 minutos y otra a temperatura ambiente; dos condiciones de iluminación, con y sin luz diurna; y dos niveles de exposición al aire, una a medio ambiente y otra con película de polietileno. Las evaluaciones se efectuaron cada siete días, realizando cuatro observaciones, a los 7, 14, 21 y 28 días. En cada una se midió pérdida de peso de cada raíz y se estimó el porcentaje de deterioro, para lo que se dividió a cada raíz en tres secciones: apical, media y basal y se aplicó una escala de valores de 0 a 5 según porcentaje de deterioro de cada sección. Se utilizó el clon “Palomita” y la temperatura media ambiente durante la experiencia fue de 20 º C. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el contacto directo de las raíces con el aire (aireación) independientemente de la exposición a la luz aceleró el inicio del deterioro, por lo cual evitando o disminuyendo ese contacto por medios mecánicos (polietileno) se lograría una mayor conservación. La luz no influyó en el proceso de deterioro. La humedad de la raíz es importante en la conservación, manteniendo el peso y retardando la degradación primaria. El secado rápido inicial por medio de estufa permitió una mayor conservación siempre que vaya acompañado de una protección del aire.
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Maggiolo M, Julio, and Lilian Rubilar O. "NEUMOTÓRAX ESPONTÁNEO DEBIDO A BULAS SUBPLEURALES. PRESENTACIÓN DE UN CASO." Neumología Pediátrica 12, no. 3 (July 1, 2017): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51451/np.v12i3.266.
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El neumotórax se define como la presencia de aire dentro de la cavidad pleural. Puede ser traumático, iatrogénico, espontáneo secundario o primario, dentro de esta última causa la más frecuente son las bulas subpleurales y apicales, en pacientes longilíneos, portadores de enfermedades del tejido conectivo y fumadores.
En neumotórax pequeños el tratamiento debe ser conservador, en cambio en los de mayor cuantía se debe proceder a la instalación de una sonda pleural. Frente a recidivas frecuentes o persistencia del escape aéreo, se debe considerar la pleurodesis o bien practicar la resección de las bulas.
En el presente artículo se reporta a un paciente con síndrome de Elhers Danlos que presenta un neumotórax espontáneo primario debido a bulas subpleurales.
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Araque-Mora, Hernán, Styles Valero, Williams León-Hernández, Francois Ninin-Jeandrain, and José Betancourt-Moreno. "Nota Técnica. Variación longitudinal de densidad y peso específico básico en Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis de 25 años de edad, proveniente de las plantaciones de Uverito, (Monagas, Venezuela)." Revista Ingeniería UC 28, no. 3 (December 29, 2021): 434–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.54139/revinguc.v28i3.51.
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Se presenta el estudio de densidad (verde, seca al aire, seca al horno) y peso específico básico de Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis (Sénécl) W. Barret & Golfari (Pinaceae) procedente de plantaciones de 25 años de edad de la región de Uverito, estado Monagas (Venezuela) en tres niveles de altura: sección basal, media y apical para conocer su variación en sentido longitudinal. Se tomaron muestras en seis individuos y se prepararon siguiendo el procedimiento indicado por Hoheisel (1968). La densidad y peso específico mostraron los mayores valores en la sección basal, sin embargo, desde el punto de vista estadístico, no existieron diferencias significativas entre los tres niveles de altura y se puede indicar que las propiedades estudiadas tienden a mantenerse constantes en sentido longitudinal.
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Chavanon, Guy, Youness Mabrouki, and Fouzi A. Taybi. "Sur la répartition des populations d’Orthomus lacouri (Antoine, 1941) (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Pterostichinae) dans les Beni Snassen (Maroc Oriental)." Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 85, no. 5 (2016): 173–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/linly.2016.17794.
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L’étude des lames apicales des genitalia de 196 mâles d’Orthomus lacouri issus de 40 stations sur les 45 prospectées dans le massif des Beni Snassen (Maroc) et ses environs montre que les aires des sous-espèces lacouri et haroldi, d’une part, et kocheri et haroldi, d’autre part, sont parapatriques et présentent un certain chevauchement, caractérisé, notamment, par la présence de formes «métissées » , ce qui pose la question du statut réel de ces taxons.
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Garduño Orbe, Brenda, Jahzeel Balanzar Maldonado, Wendy Esteban Gómez, Elizabeth Silva Meneses, and Luis Arzeta Valderrama. "Neumomediastino espontáneo: reporte de caso en un paciente con asma bronquial." Atención Familiar 26, no. 3 (July 24, 2019): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/facmed.14058871p.2019.3.70039.
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<p><strong>Introducción:</strong> el neumomediastino espontáneo se define como la presencia de aire libre en el mediastino en ausencia de una causa identificable, puede producirse en cualquier grupo de edad y en ambos géneros, por lo que es motivo de consulta en el primer nivel de atención. <strong>Caso clínico:</strong> paciente masculino de diecisiete años con antecedente patológico de asma bronquial desde los cinco años de edad, inicia padecimiento con cuadro de tos intermitente sin expectoración, no cianozante, no emetizante, no disneizante. Posterior a la exposición a polvo hay exacerbación del cuadro con tos en accesos, disneizante y dolor torácico a la inspiración. La tomografía axial computarizada de tórax con ventana para pulmón reporta neumomediastino que diseca en todo su trayecto, desde la región apical hasta la base mediastinal. <strong>Conclusión:</strong> es importante para el médico familiar la identificación de los factores de riesgo y las comorbilidades que podrían llegar a condicionar el neumomediastino espontáneo, debido a que el diagnóstico precoz y la alta sospecha clínica disminuye el riesgo de complicaciones con un resultado favorable para el paciente. </p>
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H Caceres, Stefanía, Hernán Bonta, Federico G Galli, Liliana G Sierra, Pablo A Rodriguez, and Facundo Caride. "Periodontal regeneration by minimally invasive procedures and its influence on pulp status." Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana 36, no. 1 (April 29, 2023): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.54589/aol.36/1/53.
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Dental pulp and periodontium have different communication routes including, e.g., apical foramen, accessory canals and dentin tubules. Scaling, planing and root surface treatment with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-based conditioner are used in regenerative periodontal procedures. Such treatment may generate pathological communication between the two structures due to interruption of the vascular pedicle or migration of bacteria and/or inflammatory byproducts from deep periodontal pockets, which may generate pulp pathology. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of minimally invasive periodontal regenerative surgery on pulp vitality status in single-rooted and multi-rooted teeth associated to infraosseous defects extending to the middle and apical thirds. Materials and Method: This was a retrospective study on 30 teeth from 14 patients who received care between August 2018 and August 2019 at the postgraduate Department of Specialization in Periodontics of the Buenos Aires University School of Dentistry (FOUBA). Clinical and radiographic endodontic diagnosis was performed 6 months after the minimally invasive regenerative periodontal treatment. Results: Only two out of the 30 teeth presented changes in pulp status following regenerative periodontal procedure: irreversible pulpitis at 30 days and pulp necrosis at 180 days post-treatment. The rate for risk of change in pulp vitality status was 6.7%. Teeth with grade I and II furcation lesions (n=9) presented no change in pulp status. Conclusions: Regenerative periodontal surgery had no significant influence on pulp status in single-rooted and multi-rooted teeth with infraosseous defects extending to the level of the middle and apical third.
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SAR, EUGENIA A., and INÉS SUNESEN. "The epizoic marine diatom Sceptronema orientale (Licmophoraceae, Licmophorales): epitypification and emendation of specific and generic descriptions." Phytotaxa 177, no. 5 (September 5, 2014): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.177.5.3.
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Sceptronema orientale was found epizoic on the harpacticoid copepod Euterpina acutifrons (Dana) collected from several locations along Bahía Anegada, Province of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Material was examined with light and scanning electron microscopy and new data about the morphology of the chloroplast and ultrastructural details of the girdle, valves, apical slit fields and rimoportulae pattern were obtained. Based on this new knowledge the descriptions of the species and of the monotypic genus Sceptronema are emended. Considering that in the protologue three pictures were designated as iconotype, the material from Ría del Jabalí is chosen as an epitype to serve as the interpretative type of Sceptronema orientale. A comparison with the morphologically similar genera Licmophora and Gato was conducted and the inclusion of Sceptronema in the Family Licmophoraceae, Order Licmophorales is proposed.
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Delwaide, Ann, and Louise Filion. "Coupes forestières effectuées par les Indiens et par la Compagnie de la Baie d’Hudson à Poste-de-la-Baleine, Québec subarctique." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 41, no. 1 (December 18, 2007): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032667ar.
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RÉSUMÉ Depuis plus de deux siècles, les Indiens Cris et les employés de la Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson ont exploité la forêt de la région de Poste-de-la-Baleine (Nouveau-Québec, 55°17'N, 77°47'0), notamment sur la terrasse au sud de la grande rivière de la Baleine. L'analyse dendrochronologique a permis la datation des coupes forestières depuis 1865, soit par l'augmentation de la croissance radiale des survivants, soit par l'âge des reprises de dominance apicale sur les arbres taillés ou par l'âge des cicatrices causées aux arbres par les coups de hache. Quelque 200 sites de camps et aires de coupe ont été cartographies et ont pu être datés précisément. Trois grandes périodes de fréquentation de la forêt ressortent de l'analyse. Pendant la période antérieure à 1954, la reconstitution de l'histoire des coupes révèle que la fréquentation de la forêt par les Cris était essentiellement estivale. Des coupes importantes ont aussi été effectuées pour le chauffage des établissements de la Compagnie de la Baie d'Hudson. La période 1954-1973 se caractérise par une occupation de plus en plus continuelle du territoire par les Indiens. Les coupes s'intensifient à proximité du village, une quantité importante de bois y étant transporté pour le chauffage domestique. Enfin, on observe depuis 1973 une diminution importante du nombre et de l'étendue des coupes sur tout le territoire, cette période marquant la substitution du chauffage au bois par le chauffage à l'huile dans les habitations du village.
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Muza, Andrew J., and Michael C. Saunders. "Evaluation of an Insecticidal Soap for Control of Eastern Grape Leafhopper (Eglh), 1992." Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 18, no. 1 (January 1, 1993): 68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/18.1.68.
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Abstract The experiment was conducted in a mature vineyard at the Erie County Field Research Laboratory in North East, PA. Treatments were applied to Concord grapes trained to the single curtain (no tie) system. Treatments consisted of 6-vine plots arranged in a randomized complete block design and replicated 4 times. Each treatment row was separated by two untreated buffer rows. Applications were made using a Friend, small plot sprayer equipped with an FMC, vineyard boom. Treatments were applied at 100 gal/acre with pressure adjusted to 100 psi. The treatments were applied on 20 Aug. Spray-aide was included with each treatment at a rate of 8 oz/100 gal to reduce the pH of the water from 7.8 to 5.6. Nova 40 W was applied to the treatment areas on 10 Jun at 3 oz/acre and 28 Jul and 18 Aug at 4 oz/acre to control black rot and powdery mildew. Precipitation for May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep and Oct was 1.63, 2.10, 3.09, 4.62, 6.62 and 3.22 inches, respectively. A pretreatment count of leafhopper nymphs was taken on 17 Aug. Posttreatment evaluations were conducted 7, 15, and 21 days after application. Evaluations consisted of randomly selecting 20 injured leaves per plot (pretreatment) and 10 injured leaves per plot (posttreatment) and recording the number of leafhopper nymphs. Berry samples for determining degrees Brix were collected on 30 Oct. The apical portion from each often basal clusters were collected from the center of each plot.
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Dumitrache, Marius, and Annabelle Grenard. "La cartographie des sites anatomiques mini-implantaires au niveau de la première molaire maxillaire à l’aide du NewTom 3®." L'Orthodontie Française 81, no. 4 (December 2010): 287–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/orthodfr/201030.
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Introduction : Le but de notre étude est de fournir une cartographie des sites implantaires au niveau de la gencive attachée autour de la première molaire maxillaire pouvant servir à la pose des mini-vis à visée orthodontique. Méthode : 58 examens radiographiques issus de la technique cone beam (NewTom 3G®) sont examinés. Pour chaque espace interdentaire, entre 5/6 et entre 6/7, sont étudiées la largeur osseuse mésio-distale et la profondeur osseuse vestibulo-linguale à deux hauteurs différentes L1 et L2, qui correspondent respectivement aux bornes inférieure et supérieure de la gencive attachée dans la population générale. Résultats : Les largeurs interdentaires varient peu entre L1 et L2 et leurs variances sont comparables. Au niveau de l’espace 5/6, les largeurs interdentaires suivent une distribution gaussienne, ce qui permet de déterminer des intervalles de confiance aux deux bornes de la gencive attachée en fonction de l’âge : IC99% sur L1 = [2,045; 3,462] de 12 à 17 ans ou [1,594; 2,519] de 18 à 24 ou [1,613; 2,5] de 25 à 48 ans et IC99% sur L2 = [2,37; 3,69] de 12 à 17 ans ou [1,5; 2,613] de 18 à 24 ou [1,546; 2,619] de 25 à 48 ans. Les profondeurs interdentaires augmentent en direction apicale et leur variance diminue. Même si l’adéquation à la loi gaussienne est moins bonne que dans le sens sagittal, nous retrouvons une plus grande constance des profondeurs au niveau de l’espace 5/6, ce qui nous permet là aussi d’établir des intervalles de confiance très précis : IC99% sur L1 = [9,213; 10,575] et IC99% sur L2 = [10,295; 11,593]. Conclusion : Les régions mésiales de la première molaire constituent donc des zones de sûreté à condition d’utiliser, selon que le niveau de gencive attachée est faible ou important, des mini-vis de diamètre maximum 2–2,3 mm de 12 à 17 ans ou 1,5–1,6 mm de 18 à 48 ans et de maximum 9–10 mm de longueur. Les aires distales de la première molaire, du fait de leur grande variabilité, nécessitent une étude radiologique personnalisée.
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Trigo-Humaran, María, Alan Agüero-Romero, Marcela Lespade, Juan García-Cuerva, and María Iglesias. "Central incisors shape and proportions prevalence in Argentinian university students: by visual assessment and a new standardized method." Acta Odontológica Latinoamericana 34, no. 2 (September 2021): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54589/aol.34/2/113.
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The aim of this study was to analyze the dimensions of the clinical crown of upper central incisors and the prevalence of tooth shapes by two different protocols. Assessment was performed on each of the 111 dental stone type V maxillae models of students of dentistry from Buenos Aires University [93 females and 18 males, mean age 23.70 (± 2.26) years] The mesial and distal-vestibular angles were defined on each right upper incisor, and the following segments were defined: AB (zenith - incisal edge), CD, EF, GH (apical, middle, and incisal thirds - vestibule - mesial and vestibule-distal angles) and their lengths were determined with a precision caliper. Then, the CD/AB, EF/AB and mean CD-EF/AB ratios were calculated. Shapes were assessed by four independent observers, three of whom evaluated digital images of the models, while the fourth had no access to the images, and determined the shapes using an algorithm developed from the dimensions of the studied segments. Rates and confidence intervals were determined, and Fleiss’ Kappa was calculated to assess the agreement among the evaluators who worked with the images and among all of them. Average incisor length was 10 mm, and widths at CD and EF were 7.35 mm (0.65) and 8.27 mm (0.58), respectively. Regarding shapes, 51.58% (47.90-55.20) of the incisors were identified as square, 18.02% (14.50-21.90) as ovoid and 30.41% (30.00-30.90) as triangular. Fleiss’ Kappa agreement was 0.71 (0.62-0.80). The application of the proposed algorithm provided a considerable level of agreement among the observers. Regarding tooth size, both the average segment length and the proportions were similar to those reported by various authors.
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Bryant, Peter J., Kellie L. Watson, Robin W. Justice, and Daniel F. Woods. "Tumor suppressor genes encoding proteins required for cell interactions and signal transduction in Drosophila." Development 119, Supplement (December 1, 1993): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.119.supplement.239.
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Tumor suppressor genes, whose products are required for the control of cell proliferation, have been identified by their mutant phenotype of tissue overgrowth. Here we describe recent work on the molecular identification of tumor suppressor genes that function in two different cell types of the Drosophila larva: the blood cells, and the undifferentiated epithelial cells of developing imaginal discs. Mutations in the aberrant immune response8 (air8) gene lead to overproduction and precocious differentiation of blood cells. This gene encodes the Drosophila homolog of human ribosomal protein S6. The mutant phenotype is consistent with a role for S6 in the control of cell proliferation, and is compatible with findings from mammalian cells where alterations in S6 expression and phosphorylation are associated with changes in cell proliferation. Mutations in the discs large (dig) gene cause neoplastic overgrowth of imaginal discs in the larva. The mutant dises show loss of septate junctions and of apical-basal cell polarity, and they also lose the ability to differentiate cuticular structures. The dig protein product (DlgA) is localized at septate junctions between epithelial cells, and cDNA sequencing indicates that the gene product includes a domain with homology to guanylate kinase (GUK). Two mammalian homologs or this gene have been identified, and one of them (PSD-95/SAP90) encodes a component of synaptic densities in the brain; this protein therefore resembles the DlgA protein in being located in a specialized cell junction that functions in information transfer between cells. Mutations in the at gene cause hyperplastic imaginal disc overgrowth, in which the overgrowing disc tissue retains its epithelial structure and its ability to differentiate. Some of the excess disc tissue is shed as vesicles suggesting a loss of cell adhesion. In support of this hypothesis, the predicted gene product shows homology to cadherins in its extra-cellular domain. However, the fat protein is much larger than known cadherins. As in human cancer·, somatic loss of the normal alleles of tumor suppressor genes can lead to tumor formation in Drosophila; an example of this is provided by the warts (wts) locus. The wts gene was identified by the dramatic overgrowth of mitotic recombination clones that are homozygous for a wts deletion. In these clones the cuticle intrudes between epithelial cells, suggesting an alteration in cell adhesion. The study of these and other tumor suppressor genes in Drosophila is providing new evidence supporting the critical role of cell interactions and specialized apical junctions in controlling epithelial cell proliferation.
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Gaetán, S. A., and M. Madia. "Occurrence of Fusarium Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum on Common Sage in Argentina." Plant Disease 90, no. 6 (June 2006): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pd-90-0833a.
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Common sage (Salvia officinalis L.) is being increasingly grown commercially in Argentina for its medicinal properties and as ornamental plants. Although the crop can be produced in greenhouses, most of the crop production is in open fields in Buenos Aires, Córdoba, and Santa Fe provinces. During the last 3 years, common sage has repeatedly shown decline symptoms in several production fields in the southern region of Buenos Aires Province. In the spring of 2004, a serious common sage wilt disease developed under field conditions resulting in as much as 15% loss of plants. The disease, affecting 10-month-old common sage plants, was observed in this region in two commercial fields located at Sierra de la Ventana. Affected plants appeared in irregular patches throughout the rows. Diseased plants exhibited symptoms of chlorosis, wilting, and death. Lower leaves on wilted plants showed gradual yellowing, apical necrosis, and premature defoliation. At advanced stages of the disease, irregular, brown, necrotic areas on the leaves occurred. The necroses on affected leaf parts occasionally expanded and coalesced to form large necrotic lesions that turned the entire leaf brown. Other symptoms included stunting, black streaking on stems, and rotting of roots. Longitudinal sections through stems and roots showed severely necrotic vascular tissue. Pieces taken from stems and roots of diseased plants were plated on potato dextrose agar after surface sterilization with 1% NaOCl for 3 min. The plates were incubated in the dark for 2 days and then kept under 12-h alternations of NUV light/dark for 8 days. On the basis of morphological and cultural characteristics, two fungal colonies were identified as Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.:Fr. (1) and used in the following studies. Pathogenicity tests were carried out on 4-month-old healthy common sage plants. Koch's postulates were completed for two isolates by dipping the roots of seedlings in a conidial suspension (2 × 105 conidia/ml) of a single-spore isolate for 25 min. Plants were repotted in a sterilized soil mix (soil/sand, 2:1). The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at 23 to 25°C and 75% relative humidity with no supplemental light. Within 14 days, all inoculated plants showed typical Fusarium wilt symptoms similar to that observed in the field. Plants exhibited yellowing followed by wilting of foliage, rotting of roots, brown vascular discoloration, and then eventually collapsed. Four weeks postinoculation, 90% of the plants were dead. No symptoms were observed on control plants dipped only in distilled water. The fungus was successfully reisolated from the symptomatic plants, fulfilling Koch's postulates in all instances. F. oxysporum had been previously reported in 1995 to cause a wilt disease in clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) fields in North Carolina; the disease was detected at seedling stage, reducing plant stand as much as 40 to 50% (2). In Argentina, the pathogen that caused wilt symptoms on common sage had also been observed in 2002 in greenhouses on the outskirts of Buenos Aires, although the disease incidence was low. At this time, the disease could become a limiting factor in common sage production and further information regarding this pathogen within the region is needed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of Fusarium wilt caused by F. oxysporum on commercial S. officinalis in open fields in Argentina. References: (1) P. E. Nelson et al. Fusarium species. An Illustrated Manual for Identification. Pennsylvania State University Press. University Park, PA, 1983. (2) V. P. Subbiah et al. Plant Dis. 80:1080, 1996.
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Ovalle, W., J. C. Comstock, N. C. Glynn, and L. A. Castlebury. "First Report of Puccinia kuehnii, Causal Agent of Orange Rust of Sugarcane, in Guatemala." Plant Disease 92, no. 6 (June 2008): 973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-6-0973c.
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In September 2007 at Masagua, Escuintla Department, Guatemala, uredial lesions that appeared different from those of brown rust were observed on a sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum L. species) cultivar (CP 72-2086) considered resistant to brown rust caused by Puccinia melanocephala Syd. & P. Syd. Samples were sent to the USDA-ARS Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory in Beltsville, MD for identification. Observed morphological features were consistent with P. kuehnii E.J. Butler and appeared similar to orange rust samples obtained from Florida in July (2). Uredinial lesions were hypophyllous, orange, and variable in size measuring 650 to 850 × 26 to 32 μm. Urediniospores were mostly obovoid to pyriform or broadly ellipsoidal, variable in size, 32 to 45 × 25 to 30 μm, and moderately echinulate with spines evenly distributed, 3 to 5 μm apart. Urediniospore walls were orange-to-light cinnamon brown, 1 to 2.5 μm thick with a pronounced apical wall and four to five equatorial pores. Telia and teliospores were not observed. The nuclear large subunit rDNA region of the rust infecting cv. CP 72-2086 (BPI 898289, GenBank Accession No. EU344904) and the ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 rDNA regions (GenBank Accession No. EU543434) were sequenced (1,3). DNA sequences matched sequences of P. kuehnii in GenBank and were distinct from known sequences of P. melanocephala available in GenBank (3). Thirteen cultivars were rated as to their relative resistance using severity of orange rust symptoms; CG 96–59, CG 96–135, CP 72–1312, CP 73–1547, and CP 88–1165 were resistant; CG 96–40, CG 98–121, CP 72–2086, CP 88–1508, and CP 89–2143 were intermediate; and CG 96–52, CG 98–0115, and SP 79–2233 were susceptible. Orange rust was previously reported in Florida (2), but to our knowledge, this is the second report of its occurrence in the Western Hemisphere. References: (1) M. C. Aime. Mycoscience 47:112, 2006. (2) J. C. Comstock et al. Plant Dis. 92:175, 2008. (3) E. V. Virtudazo et al. Mycoscience 42:447, 2001.
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Eichelberger, Carla Rosana, Liana Johann, Fernanda Majolo, and Noeli Juarez Ferla. "Mites fluctuation population on peach tree (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) and in associated plants." Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura 33, no. 3 (September 23, 2011): 765–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-29452011005000102.
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Despite the importance of peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) in Rio Grande do Sul, little is known about mites fluctuation population considered important to this crop. The objective of this study was to know the population diversity and fluctuation of mite species associated with Premier and Eldorado varieties in Roca Sales and Venâncio Aires counties, Rio Grande do Sul. The study was conducted from July 2008 to June 2009 when 15 plants were randomly chosen in each area. The plants were divided in quadrants and from each one a branch was chosen from which three leaves were removed: one collected in the apical region, another in the medium and the other in the basal region, totalizing 180 leaves/area. Five of the most abundant associated plants were collected monthly in enough amounts for the screening under the stereoscopic microscope during an hour. A total of 1,124 mites were found belonging to 14 families and 28 species. Tetranychus ludeni Zacher, 1913, Panonychus ulmi (Koch, 1836) and Mononychellus planki (McGregor, 1950) were the most abundant phytophagous mites, whereas Typhlodromalus aripo Deleon, 1967 and Phytoseiulus macropilis (Banks, 1904) the most common predatory mites. The period of one hour under stereoscopic microscope was enough to get a representative sample. In both places evaluated the ecologic indices were low, but little higherin Premier (H' 0.56; EqJ: 0.43) when compared to Eldorado (H' 0.53; EqJ 0.40). In Premier constant species were not observed and accessory only Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939), T. ludeni and T. aripo. Higher abundance was observed in December and January and bigger amount in April. Already in Eldorado, T. ludeni and P. ulmi were constants. Greater abundance was observed in November and December, whereas grater richness in December and January. In both orchards were not found mites in buds. Tetranychus ludeni is the most abundant phytophagous mites with outbreak population in November, December and January and high predator diversity was observed on associated plants and on peach plants, indicating the existence of species mobility in peach orchard.
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Kaur, R., C. Knott, and M. C. Aime. "First Report of Rust Disease Caused by Puccinia sparganioides on Spartina alterniflora in Louisiana." Plant Disease 94, no. 5 (May 2010): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-94-5-0636a.
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Spartina alterniflora Loisel. (smooth cordgrass) is the dominant plant species of intertidal salt marshes in the Atlantic and Gulf Coast regions of the United States. It is a perennial deciduous grass that can reduce and reverse coastal erosion by buffering wave energy and storm surges and by accumulating suspended solids from intertidal waters. Therefore, smooth cordgrass is utilized extensively in coastal restoration projects in Louisiana. In July 2009, smooth cordgrass leaf samples with signs and symptoms of a rust disease were collected from plant material grown at the Aquaculture Research Station near Baton Rouge, LA. Numerous hypophyllous, narrow, linear lesions were observed in which the uredinia were pale orange, erumpent, and arranged seriately. Urediniospores were yellowish to orange, obovoid to oblong, echinulate with a thickened apical wall and obscure germ pores, and measured 27.5 to 44.9 (–48.3) × 17.3 to 27.6 (–31.05) μm. Telia and teliospores were not observed. The pathogen was identified as Puccinia sparganioides Ellis & Tracy based on the DNA sequence of nuclear ribosomal large subunit (28S) and internal transcribed spacer region 2 (ITS-2) amplified with rust-specific primers (1). The sequence (deposited in GenBank as No. GU327649) was found to share 99.8% identity (1,077/1,079 bp) with sequence No. GU058027 of P. sparganioides from S. patens (Aiton) Muhl. and did not match any other species of Puccinia in GenBank. P. sparganioides has previously been reported on S. alterniflora in Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Maine, Massachusetts, Mississippi, North Carolina, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Virginia (2). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of P. sparganioides on S. alterniflora from Louisiana. Efforts to screen for rust-resistant lines for use in coastal restoration projects are underway to prevent land loss that could occur due to smooth cordgrass stress from infection. Voucher material (LSU00121657) has been deposited in the Bernard Lowy Mycological Herbarium (LSUM). References: (1) M. C. Aime. Mycoscience 47:112, 2006. (2) D. F. Farr and A. Y. Rossman. Fungal Databases. Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, Online publication. ARS, USDA, October, 2009.
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Blomquist, C. L., H. J. Scheck, P. W. Woods, and J. F. Bischoff. "First Detection of Puccinia ballotiflora on Salvia greggii." Plant Disease 98, no. 9 (September 2014): 1270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-13-1142-pdn.
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Salvia greggii, autumn sage, is grown for its bright red to white flowers that bloom in late summer and fall. In February of 2008, a rust sample was sent to the CDFA plant pathology diagnostics laboratory in Sacramento from a nursery in Santa Barbara County, CA. Pustules were abundant on older leaves causing moderate defoliation of containerized stock. Only the varieties with entirely red or pink flowers were affected. S. greggii ‘Hotlips,’ a popular white/red bicolor, was unaffected. Amphigenous uredinia were cinnamon brown, round, powdery, and sometimes surrounded by yellow halos. Pustules were found primarily on the leaves, although a few were on the stems. Urediniospores were broadly obovoid, subglobose to broadly ellipsoid, echinulate, and 22 to 27 × 24 to 32 μm (24.9 × 26.9 μm average) with one apical pore and 2 to 3 equatorial pores. Urediniospore walls were cinnamon brown in color and measured 1.0 to 2.0 μm (1.5 μm average). No telia were observed. After the initial detection, this rust was found in additional nursery sites in Santa Cruz, Santa Clara, Santa Barbara, and Ventura counties in 2008 and 2009. In November of 2011, a sample from a landscape planting in Santa Barbara County of a similar rust with telia and teliospores was submitted. Urediniospores and teliospores were present in the same lesions. Lesions with teliospores were located primarily on the stems. Mature teliospores were two-celled, verrucose, chocolate brown, and 25 to 31 × 32 to 40 μm (28.6 × 35.3 μm average) with a pedicel ranging from 8 to 12 × 38 to 104 μm, sometimes attached obliquely. The rust matched the morphological characteristics of Puccinia ballotiflora (Syn = P. ballotaeflora Long) (2). To confirm pathogenicity, three 20-cm-tall plants of S. greggii ‘Navajo Red’ in 3.8-liter pots were spray inoculated with 10 ml of a 2.5 × 103 urediniospores per ml suspension and incubated in a dew chamber at 23°C for 2 days in the dark. Plants were transferred to a growth chamber maintained at 22°C with a 12-h photoperiod. Three plants were sprayed with sterile distilled water as controls. Uredinial pustules (1 to 2 mm) appeared on the abaxial surface of the leaves after 3 weeks. The pathogenicity test was repeated with similar results. The internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA and a portion of the 28S rDNA were amplified with primer pairs ITS5 (5′-GGAAGTAAAAGTCGTAACAAGG-3′), Rust1 (5′-GCTTACTGCCTTCCTCAATC-3′), and Rust2inv (5′-GATGAAGAACACAGTGAAA-3′), LR6 (5′-CGCAGTTCTGCTTACC-3′) as described by Aime (1) and sequenced using the amplification primers, Rust2 (5′-TTTCACTGTGTTCTTCATC-3′) and Rust3 (5′-GAATCTTTGAACGCACCTTG-3′). BLAST query of the assembled sequence, GenBank KF381491, was 91% identical to P. acroptili, JN204194, its closest match of similar length. P. ballotiflora has been found in Colombia on S. cataractarum, S. petiolaris, and S. mayori (3), and in Texas and Mexico on S. ballotiflora (4). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detection of P. ballotiflora on S. greggii worldwide. P. ballotiflora is already widespread in the nursery trade in California and frequent fungicide applications are necessary to keep plants marketable. References: (1) M. C. Aime. Mycoscience 47:112, 2006. (2) J. W. Baxter and G. B. Cummins. Lloydia 14:201, 1951. (3) D. F. Farr and A. Y. Rossman. Fungal Databases. Systematic Botany and Mycology Laboratory, Online publication http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases ARS, USDA, 2014 (4) F. D. Kern et al. Mycologia 25:448, 1933.
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Kaur, R., T. A. Rush, D. M. Ferrin, and M. C. Aime. "First Report of Puccinia thaliae Rust on Canna Lily in Louisiana." Plant Disease 95, no. 3 (March 2011): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-10-0209.
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Canna lily is a monocot, herbaceous perennial ornamental plant in the Cannaceae that is native to tropical South America and cultivated throughout the southern United States. Canna lily is a popular garden and landscaping plant and a large horticultural industry depends on this plant. In September 2008 and again in November 2009, two species of Canna lily (Canna × generalis L.H. Bailey and C. indica L.) were found to be severely infected with rust disease in three garden locations in southern Louisiana (East Baton Rouge Parish, Lafayette Parish, and Orleans Parish). Diseased samples from both host species and all locations exhibited similar symptoms of numerous, yellowish brown, subepidermal, erumpent, and irregular-shaped uredinia on both leaf surfaces. Initially, sori were scattered, later covering the entire leaf with coalescing pustules. Urediniospores were subglobose to ovoid or pyriform, echinulate, and measured 25.74 to 37.18 (–38.61) × 17.16 to 27.17 (–28.6) μm, with thickened apical walls, 1.3 to 1.6 μm, and one to two equatorial germ pores. Telia and teliospores were not observed on any of the collected samples. Pathogen identity was confirmed as Puccinia thaliae Dietel by nuclear ribosomal large subunit (28S) DNA sequencing with rust-specific primers (1). The sequence (deposited in GenBank as No. HQ434482), when blasted, was found to match sequence No. EU851154 of P. thaliae from C. indica with 98% identity (719 of 730 bp), the differences being attributed to a single insertion at bp 423 to 436 of sequence No. EU851154. The sequences of P. thaliae obtained from two different samples from Louisiana were identical and did not match any other sequence in GenBank. In North America P. thaliae is reported to cause rust on C. indica L. in Florida and C. × generalis in Texas, as well as on two members of the Marantaceae (Maranta arundinacea L. and Thalia geniculata L.) in Florida and M. arundinaceae in Mexico (2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. thaliae in Louisiana on Canna lily. Voucher materials (C. × generalis = LSU00123378 and C. indica = LSU00123384) have been deposited in the Bernard Lowy Mycological Herbarium (LSUM). References: (1) M. C. Aime. Mycoscience 47:112, 2006. (2) D. F. Farr and A.Y. Rossman. Fungal Databases. Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory, ARS, USDA. Retrieved 12 February from http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/ , 2010.
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Blomquist, C. L., J. M. McKemy, M. C. Aime, R. W. Orsburn, and S. A. Kinnee. "First Report of Bamboo Rust Caused by Kweilingia divina on Bambusa domestica in Los Angeles County, California." Plant Disease 93, no. 2 (February 2009): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-2-0201a.
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Elongate, interveinal, hypophyllous lesions were observed on bamboo plants (Bambusa domestica) during an inspection of a plant shipment in November of 2006 in Los Angeles County, CA. Disease incidence was 100%. Minute uredinia were spaced at regular intervals within each lesion. Urediniospores were pale tan, echinulate, and 18 to 29 × 16 to 23 μm with 1- to 1.5-μm walls. The urediniospores were surrounded and partially covered by incurved pale-to-brownish yellow paraphyses 34 to 45 × 12 μm with walls that were primarily thickened apically and dorsally to 5 μm. Several telia were observed forming inside old uredinia. Telia were brownish black, forming a flabellar head of teliospores fused laterally and in chains of three to six cells. Teliospores were chestnut brown, cuboidal to oblong, and measured 10 to 12.5 × 12.5 to 25 μm. DNA sequence of the 28S large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA was obtained using previously published methods (1). The sequence deposited in GenBank as Accession No. EF192212 matched sequence No. DQ354554 (1), Kweilingia divina from Costa Rica (1), with 100% identity. On the basis of morphological characteristics (2) and sequence information, the rust was identified as K. divina (Syd.) Buriticá (= Dasturella divina (Syd.) Mundk. & Khesw.), causal agent of bamboo rust. Bamboo rust is widespread in parts of Asia but has also been found in Africa, Colombia, Brazil, Central America (3), and Australia (4). The shipment was traced to a foliage plant producer in Hawaii where the disease was subsequently found in the environment on the four major Hawaiian Islands of Oahu, Hawaii, Kauai, and Maui. All 10 bamboo plants received by the nursery were located and destroyed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of bamboo rust occurring in California. References: (1) M. C. Aime. Mycoscience 47:112, 2006. (2) G. B. Cummins. Page 43 in: The Rust Fungi of Cereals, Grasses and Bamboos. Springer-Verlag, New York, 1971. (3) D. F. Farr et al. Fungal Databases, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory. Online publication. ARS, USDA, year. (4) G. I. Johnson. Australas. Plant Pathol. 14:54, 1985.
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Comstock, J. C., S. G. Sood, N. C. Glynn, J. M. Shine, J. M. McKemy, and L. A. Castlebury. "First Report of Puccinia kuehnii, Causal Agent of Orange Rust of Sugarcane, in the United States and Western Hemisphere." Plant Disease 92, no. 1 (January 2008): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-92-1-0175a.
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In June 2007, approximately 8 km east of Belle Glade, FL, a rust disease was observed on a sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum L. species) cultivar (CP 80-1743) considered resistant to brown rust caused by Puccinia melanocephala Syd. & P. Syd. Approximately 10 km south of Canal Point, FL, another cultivar (CP 72-2086), also considered resistant to P. melanocephala, was found to be infected with a rust. Samples were sent to the USDA-APHIS National Mycologist and the USDA-ARS Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory in Beltsville, MD for identification. Observed morphological features were consistent with P. kuehnii E.J. Butler. Uredinial lesions were orange and variable in size, measuring 650 to 850 × 26 to 32 μm, hypophyllous, ellipsoidal to fusiform in shape, and distinctly lighter than pustules of P. melanocephala that were present in the area along with P. kuehnii. Urediniospores were mostly obovoid to pyriform or broadly ellipsoidal, variable in size, 32 to 45 × 25 to 30 μm, and moderately echinulate with mostly evenly distributed spines 2 to 4.5 μm apart. Walls were orange-to-light cinnamon brown, 1 to 2.5 μm thick with a pronounced apical wall thickening as much as 7 μm, and 4 to 5 equatorial pores. Similar orange uredinial lesions were subsequently observed on the same two cultivars and several other cultivars, including CPCL99-1777 and CPCL01-1055, at different locations in South Florida. Telia and teliospores were not observed. The nuclear large subunit rDNA region of the rust infecting cv. CP 80-1743 (BPI 878243, GenBank Accession No. EU164549) and the ITS1, 5.8S, and ITS2 rDNA regions of the rust infecting CP 80-1743 (GenBank Accession No. EU176009) and CP 72-2086 (GenBank Accession No. EU176008) were sequenced (1,4). All sequences were identical to sequences of P. kuehnii and distinct from known sequences of P. melanocephala (4). To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed record of P. kuehnii infecting sugarcane in the Western Hemisphere, and the disease appears to be distributed widely in the South Florida sugarcane-growing area. Although listed by P. Holliday (3) as occurring in Cuba, the Dominican Republic, and Mexico, CMI map no. 215 ed. 4 (2) does not include these three countries in the known distribution of P. kuehnii. P. kuehnii has also been reported in the literature as present in Hawaii (4). However, examination of the specimen label found that the specimen cited in those papers (BPI 079624) was actually collected in Tahiti. Therefore, the report from Hawaii is erroneous. References: (1) M. C. Aime. Mycoscience 47:112, 2006. (2) CMI. Distribution Maps of Plant Diseases. No. 215, ed. 4. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 1981. (3) P. Holliday. Fungus Diseases of Tropical Crops. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1980. (4) E. V. Virtudazo et al. Mycoscience 42:447, 2001.
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Blomquist, C. L., H. J. Scheck, J. Haynes, P. W. Woods, and J. Bischoff. "First Published Report of Rust on White Alder Caused by Melampsoridium hiratsukanum in the United States." Plant Disease 98, no. 1 (January 2014): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-13-0296-pdn.
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White alder (Alnus rhombifolia) is a fast-growing tree native to the western United States and is planted frequently in landscapes. In September 2010, mature leaves of white alder with small, orange-yellow pustules were collected in a commercial nursery in Santa Cruz County, CA. Approximately 25 white alder trees were affected. Collected leaves were sent to the California Department of Food and Agriculture Plant Pest Diagnostics Laboratory. Young uredinial pustules were bullate, with urediniospores emerging from a single pore in the pustule. Spiny cells lined the ostiole. With age, pustules broke open to release more spores. Urediniospores were obovate to oval and measured from 14 to 20 × 27 to 41 μm (17.1 × 32.2 μm average, n = 62). Spores were uniformly echinulate and contained a nearly hyaline cell wall measuring from 1 to 2 μm (1.5 μm average) in thickness. A portion of the 28S ribosomal subunit (GenBank Accession No. KC313888) and the internal transcribed spacer regions (KC313889) were amplified and sequenced from DNA extracted from urediniospores using primers LR6 and rust2inv (1) and ITS1-F and ITS4-B (2), respectively. Our ITS sequence had 99% identity to GenBank accession EF564164, Melampsoridium hiratsukanum. In September 2011, white alder leaves with similar symptoms were collected from a commercial nursery in Santa Barbara County, CA. The spore morphology matched the white alder sample previously collected in Santa Cruz County, CA, in 2010. At that time, pathogenicity assays were conducted on three 1-year-old, 61-cm white alder trees planted in 3.8-liter pots. Six detached leaves with visible rust pustules were rubbed gently onto both the apical and distal side of moistened leaves of the healthy alders. Each infected leaf was used to inoculate a total of 6 to 10 healthy leaves by rubbing two leaves per tree before moving to the next tree. Leaves on three additional white alder trees were rubbed with healthy leaves as controls. Trees were incubated in a dew chamber for 3 days in darkness at 24°C, then placed in a growth chamber at 22°C with a 12-h photoperiod. Twelve days after inoculation, small lesions were visible on a few of the leaf undersides of each inoculated tree. Not all inoculated leaves developed pustules. No lesions developed on the control trees. M. hiratsukanum has been reported in Canada, Europe, and eastern Asia (3). There are no published reports of this rust in the United States, but there is an unpublished specimen from white alder in the USDA Systematic Mycology Herbarium (BPI 028048) collected from California in 1931, which was identified as M. hiratsukanum by G. B. Cummins using morphological criteria. We are unaware if older specimens of this rust exist because we were unable to search other herbaria in the United States. To the best of our knowledge, this rust has been present in California since 1931, but has only recently been found causing disease in nursery plants. There have been no reports of the serious foliar disease symptoms on trees in California wild lands as have been reported in Europe, presumably due to dry summer and fall seasons in white alder's natural habitat. References: (1) M. C. Aime. Mycoscience 47:112, 2006. (2) M. Gardes and T. D. Bruns. Mol. Ecol. 2:113, 1993. (3) J. Hatula et al. Mycologia 101:622, 2009.
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Abbasi, Mehrdad, Mary Catherine Aime, Bharat Yadav, and Gurcharn Singh Brar. "First report of Uromyces rumicis on Rumex crispus in Canada." Plant Disease, May 31, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-22-0846-pdn.
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Rumex crispus L. (curled dock) is a noxious weed in both grasslands (mainly pastures) and arable lands, but is also an early colonizer of many disturbed areas in lowland and upland regions. Rumex crispus is of agricultural significance because it competes with sown or native pasture and crops species and occupies areas that could be utilized by more palatable crop species. Rumex crispus can grow on almost all soil types but less often on peat and acidic soils. The range of altitude to which the species has become adapted varies from sea level to 3,500 m (Zaller 2004). This plant species has Eurasian origin and is widely distributed through temperate regions of North America as an introduced species. There is no previous rust report on R. crispus in Canada. On other Rumex species two Puccinia species viz. Puccinia acetosae (Schumach.) Körn., and P. ornata Arthur & Holw., have been previously reported from Canada (Farr & Rossman 2022). During the recent field survey from southern British Columbia, Langley, heavily rust infected leaves of R. crispus were observed. Uredinia and telia were present on both sides of the leaf mainly on the lower side. Uredinia early exposed, brown, and pulverulent. Urediniospores were obovoid, ellipsoid or oblong, measuring 20–28 × 17–23 µm. Urediniospore walls are yellowish brown to brown, 1.5–2 µm thick; covered in evenly distributed echinulae, spaced 2 to 3 μm apart, with smooth (non-echinulate) patches at the equator of the urediniospores. Urediniospores with 2– (mostly 3 and less often 2) germ pores, usually supraequatorial (at the upper part of the spore), or distributed irregularly (scattered), or 2 germ pores supraequatorial, one equatorial or all germ pores equatorial, germ pores covered with flat papilla. Telia similar to the uredinia, dark brown. Teliospores more or less globoid, ellipsoid, broadly ellipsoid, obovoid or oblong, 25-–36 × 15–23 µm, brownish yellow to brown, smooth, 2–3 um thick, with apical or sup-apical germ pore, covered with a hemispherical, yellowish papilla, pedicels colorless, short. The above-mentioned characters fit Majewski’s (1977) description for Uromyces rumicis (Schumach.) G. Winter. To confirm identity, the first 903 bp of the 5′ end of the 28S rDNA of the above specimen was amplified following protocols of Aime (2006) and Aime et al. (2018) (GenBank accession no. ON166844). BLAST queries of the sequence shared 99.56% identity (900/903) with U. rumicis (GenBank accession no. KY764197). To our knowledge this is the first report of U. rumicis from Canada (Farr and Rossma 2022). There is only one previous published report of this rust species in North America made by French (1989) who reported U. rumicis on R. crispus from California. Uromyces rumicis is quite common on Rumex species including R. crispus in Eurasia and has also been reported on this host from Africa (Farr and Rossman 2022). It appears that the above rust fungus species may have been introduced to the North America by accompanying its host plant. A voucher specimen of infected R. crispus with U. rumicis was deposited at Arthur Fungarium (PUR) under the accession number PUR N24014. Uromyces rumicis is a heteromacrocyclic rust with aecial state on Ranunculaceae members especially Ranunculus ficaria L. This species is another introduced plant in North America. However, there is no report of the aecial state of this rust in North America to date. Existence of only two reports of U. rumicis in California and British Columbia, making it likely that U. rumicis became established in the West Coast of North America probably no earlier than the second half of the 20th century.
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Morales Carrasco, Alex. "Neumonía complicada con neumatocele: reporte de un caso." Revista Ecuatoriana de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación en Salud Pública, May 5, 2022, 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31790/inspilip.v6i1.277.
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Pneumatoceles are thin-walled air spaces contained within the lung parenchyma, they usually occur after pneumonia and are associated with bacterial infections. This article presents the case of a 52-year-old male patient admitted with a diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia, acute respiratory failure, and distributive shock. After performing laboratory tests, imaging and cultures. Basal pneumatocele and apical bullae in the right lung are reported in the chest tomography. In this case, a therapeutic plan based on ventilatory support, antibiotic therapy, and vasoactive agents was chosen, in addition to surgical resection of the pneumatocele. Despite management, the patient died with pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation and septicemia.Keywords: COVID-19. SARS-CoV-2. Pneumonia. Sepsis.IntroducciónSe denominan neumatoceles a los espacios aéreos con pared fina contenidos dentro del parénquima pulmonar y que en ocasiones presentan niveles líquidos. En efecto, se suelen presentar tras una neumonía y se asocian con infecciones por Staphylococcus aureus 1. Cabe recalcar, que diferentes microorganismos se han relacionado con esta lesión, como por ejemplo: Neumococo, Mycobacterium tuberculosis o Pneumocystis 2. Asimismo, pueden ser secundarios a traumatismos torácicos o barotrauma 3, cirugía o ventilación mecánica 1.Se han reportado casos con poca frecuencia. De hecho, son más habituales en niños y lactantes, en ocasiones alcanzan gran tamaño, ocupando casi todo un hemitórax y simulando un neumotórax espontáneo 4.En cuanto a la patogenia, se ha descrito un mecanismo valvular en la vía aérea que sería el responsable del ingreso de aire en la inspiración e impediría su salida, posibilitando el atrapamiento de aire dentro del parénquima, y que podría formarse por exudado inflamatorio, pared necrótica o ambos 4. Por lo general, las lesiones desaparecen de forma espontánea en el transcurso de semanas, aunque en ocasiones, debido al tamaño de la lesión y la repercusión clínica secundaria, se requiere manejo quirúrgico o drenaje mediante catéter percutáneo o tubo de tórax 5.Reporte de casoPaciente masculino, de 52 años, nacido y residente Cotopaxi, no refiere antecedentes quirúrgicos. El paciente presenta cuadro respiratorio de diez días de evolución previo a su ingreso a un hospital de segundo nivel caracterizado por malestar general, acompañado de alza térmica y tos seca. Como antecedente destaca el hecho de que se realizó hisopado para determinar COVID-19 con resultado positivo, con el consecuente tratamiento domiciliario. A este cuadro se suma dificultad respiratoria, por lo que facultativo administra oxígeno domiciliario, hasta 15 litros por mascarilla reservorio.El paciente fue referido a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) del Hospital General del IESS Ambato para soporte ventilatorio y hemodinámico, debido a signos francos de insuficiencia respiratoria con mala mecánica ventilatoria. Se realizó la recepción de paciente orointubado con apoyo de ventilación mecánica en modo volumen control VT: 520 FR, 26 PEEP, 12 Tinp: 1.1, FIO2 100 %, con lo que logra saturaciones 87 % PAFI 78, hemodinámicamente inestable con apoyo de vasoactivo a dosis moderadas con TAM 76 mmHg, FC: 49 lpm. Su respuesta inflamatoria se manejó con esquema antibiótico: piperacilina más tazobactam. Al examen físico de ingreso se registró tensión arterial: 120/70 mmHg, frecuencia cardíaca: 40 lpm, frecuencia respiratoria: 24 rpm temperatura: 36.5 °C, saturación O2: 84 % a 15 litros, pupilas isocóricas hiperreactivas a la luz y acomodación, presencia de tubo orotraqueal 7,5 cm 21 cm sobre comisura labial y tórax con expansibilidad disminuida. Presencia de vía central subclavia derecha, pulmones: murmullo vesicular conservado, corazón normocardico, rítmico, normofonéticos, presencia de sonda vesical con orina clara, paciente bajo sedoanalgesia con RASS -3 y BPS 3.Se reportó en los exámenes de ingreso leucocitos: 8.620, hemoglobina:13.7 g/dl hematocrito: 41.5 %, neutrófilos: 88.8 %, plaquetas: 226.000, Na: 138 K: 4.18 Cl: 103.2, pH: 7.39; PCO2: 30; PO2: 66.6; HCO3: 21.3: EB: -1.3; SatO2: 90 %, creatinina: 1.12, urea: 40.
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Rosina Arbucci, RA, MGR Maria Graciela Rousse, DML Diego Maximiliano Lowenstein, AKS Ariel Karim Saad, CC Cristian Caniggia, MA Miguel Amor, NG Natalio Gastaldello, et al. "Prognostic value of contractile reserve evaluated by global longitudinal strain in patients with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis." European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging 22, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeaa356.200.
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Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Private company. Main funding source(s): Investigaciones Médicas. Cardiodiagnóstico. Buenos Aires Introduction. Left ventricle Global Longitudinal Strain(GLS) at rest has shown prognostic value in patients(pts) with severe aortic stenosis(SAS). Contractile reserve(CR) during exercise stress echo(ESE) estimated by GLS(CR-GLS) could better stratify the asymptomatic patients who could benefit from early intervention. Objective. To establish the long-term prognostic value of CR-GLS in pts with asymptomatic SAS during ESE. Secondly, to compare if the CR evaluated by ejection fraction(CR-EF) presented similar results to those of CR-GLS. Methodology. In a single center, prospective study carried out between May 2013 to Oct 2019, we enrolled 101 pts(69 ± 12 years,54 men) with asymptomatic SAS(aortic valve area < 0,6cm2/m2) and preserved EF(>55%). GLS value was considered as the average of the 16 segments, obtained from the apical views of 3, 4 and 2 chambers at rest and peak ESE. CR was considered present with stress-rest increase of >5points with EF and >2 absolute points by GLS. The pts were divided into 2 groups(G): G1:Pts with presence of CR-GLS and G2:Pts with absence of CR-GLS. Major cardiovascular event was considered to be: need for valve replacement due to the presence of symptoms, death, acute myocardial infarction and stroke. All patients were followed-up. Results. Of the 101 pts analyzed, 56pts(55.4%) were included in G1(CR-GLS) and 45pts(44.6%) in G2(no CR-GLS). The G2 patients were older(G2 72.2 ± 8.5 vs G1 66.5 ± 14.1) with lower METS(G1 5.6 ± 2 vs G2 4.2 ± 1.1,p 0.004), a higher percentage of flat blood pressure response(G1 19.6% vs. G2 37.8%,p 0.036), lower peak EF(G1 71.5%±5.8 vs G2 66.8 ± 7.9,p0.001),peak GLS(G1 -22.2%±2.8 vs G2 -18.45%±2.4 p 0.001) and lower ΔGLSstress-rest(G1 GLS 3.07 ± 0.85 vs G2 0.08 ± 1.9 p 0.003). The same behaviour with the EF response(G1 7.32 ± 2.9 vs G2 4.7 ± 5.3,p 0.024). The average follow-up was 46.6 ± 3.4 months, and events occurred in 45 patients: 12 all-cause deaths(9 cardiac), 31 valve replacement, 1 myocardial infarctions, 1 strokes. G2 pts had more events compared to G1 pts (G2 = 26 events 57.8% vs G1 = 19 events 42.2%,p < 0.01)(figure 1). The CR-EF did not separate patients with and without events. At Cox analysis, CR-GLS was the only predictor variable of major events(HR:1.97, 95% CI 1.09-3.58)p < 0.025). Conclusions In patients with asymptomatic SAS, the absence of CR-GLS during ESE identifies a group of patients with a worse prognosis and the need for aotic valve intervention. CR-GLS proved to be superior tan CR-EF. Baselin characteristic between groups Abstract Figure. Left ventricle RC-GLS and survival