Relevant bibliographies by topics / Air Pollution Victoria Melbourne

Academic literature on the topic 'Air Pollution Victoria Melbourne'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Air Pollution Victoria Melbourne"

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Chen, Zhenyi, Robyn Schofield, Melita Keywood, Sam Cleland, Alastair G. Williams, Stephen Wilson, Alan Griffiths, and Yan Xiang. "Observations of the Boundary Layer in the Cape Grim Coastal Region: Interaction with Wind and the Influences of Continental Sources." Remote Sensing 15, no. 2 (January 12, 2023): 461. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15020461.

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A comparative study and evaluation of boundary layer height (BLH) estimation was conducted during an experimental campaign conducted at the Cape Grim Air Pollution station, Australia, from 1 June to 13 July 2019. The temporal and spatial distributions of BLH were studied using data from a ceilometer, sodar, in situ meteorological measurements, and back-trajectory analyses. Generally, the BLH under continental sources is lower than that under marine sources. The BLH is featured with a shallow depth of 515 ± 340 m under the Melbourne/East Victoria continental source. Especially the mixed continental sources (Melbourne/East Victoria and Tasmania direction) lead to a rise in radon concentration and lower BLH. In comparison, the boundary layer reaches a higher averaged BLH value of 730 ± 305 m when marine air is prevalent. The BLH derived from ERA5 is positively biased compared to the ceilometer observations, except when the boundary layer is stable. The height at which wind profiles experience rapid changes corresponds to the BLH value. The wind flow within the boundary layer increased up to ∼200 m, where it then meandered up to ∼300 m. Furthermore, the statistic shows that BLH is positively associated with near-surface wind speed. This study firstly provides information on boundary layer structure in Cape Grim and the interaction with wind, which may aid in further evaluating their associated impacts on the climate and ecosystem.
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GAMBINO, SALVATORE. "Air and permafrost temperatures at Mount Melbourne (1989–98)." Antarctic Science 17, no. 1 (February 28, 2005): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095410200500249x.

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Recent meteorological studies suggest a mixed pattern of climate change in Antarctica: a general cooling of the interior continent and warming in the Antarctic Peninsula over the past several decades (e.g. Comiso 2000, Doran et al. 2002, Vaughan et al. 2003). This note presents 10 years of continuous recording of air and permafrost temperature at Mount Melbourne (74°21′S, 164°42′E) in Northern Victoria Land. Mount Melbourne is a quiescent volcano belonging to a wide-spread volcanic belt which has developed since the Oligocene along the western margin of the Ross Sea, parallel to the Transantarctic Mountains (Fig. 1a). In 1988 a tilt network composed of five continuous recording sensors each equipped with four temperature sensors (Fig. 1b) was installed within the framework of Italian PRNA between the end of 1988 and the beginning of 1989 (Bonaccorso et al. 1995).
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Dennekamp, Martine, Muhammad Akram, Michael Abramson, Andrew Tonkin, Malcolm Sim, Karen Smith, and Bircan Erbas. "Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests and hourly air pollution in Melbourne, Australia." ISEE Conference Abstracts 2013, no. 1 (September 19, 2013): 4828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/isee.2013.p-1-05-24.

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Swamikannu, X., D. Radulescu, R. Young, and R. Allison. "A comparative analysis: storm water pollution policy in California, USA and Victoria, Australia." Water Science and Technology 47, no. 7-8 (April 1, 2003): 311–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0704.

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Urban drainage systems historically were developed on principles of hydraulic capacity for the transport of storm water to reduce the risk of flooding. However, with urbanization the percent of impervious surfaces increases dramatically resulting in increased flood volumes, peak discharge rates, velocities and duration, and a significant increase in pollutant loads. Storm water and urban runoff are the leading causes of the impairment of receiving waters and their beneficial uses in Australia and the United States today. Strict environmental and technology controls on wastewater treatment facilities and industry for more than three decades have ensured that these sources are less significant today as the cause of impairment of receiving waters. This paper compares the approach undertaken by the Environmental Protection Authority Victoria for the Melbourne metropolitan area with the approach implemented by the California Environmental Protection Agency for the Los Angeles area to control storm water pollution. Both these communities are largely similar in population size and the extent of urbanization. The authors present an analysis of the different approaches contrasting Australia with the USA, comment on their comparative success, and discuss the relevance of the two experiences for developed and developing nations in the context of environmental policy making to control storm water and urban runoff pollution.
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Melody, Shannon M., Karen Wills, Luke D. Knibbs, Jane Ford, Alison Venn, and Fay Johnston. "Maternal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Pregnancy Complications in Victoria, Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (April 9, 2020): 2572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072572.

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The relationship between maternal exposure to ambient air pollution and pregnancy complications is not well characterized. We aimed to explore the relationship between maternal exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and placental abruption. Using administrative data, we defined a state-wide cohort of singleton pregnancies born between 1 March 2012 and 31 December 2015 in Victoria, Australia. Annual average NO2 and PM2.5 was assigned to maternal residence at the time of birth. 285,594 singleton pregnancies were included. An IQR increase in NO2 (3.9 ppb) was associated with reduced likelihood of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (RR 0.89; 95%CI 0.86, 0.91), GDM (RR 0.92; 95%CI 0.90, 0.94) and placental abruption (RR 0.81; 95%CI 0.69, 0.95). Mixed observations and smaller effect sizes were observed for IQR increases in PM2.5 (1.3 µg/m3) and pregnancy complications; reduced likelihood of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (RR 0.95; 95%CI 0.93, 0.97), increased likelihood of GDM (RR 1.02; 95%CI 1.00, 1.03) and no relationship for placental abruption. In this exploratory study using an annual metric of exposure, findings were largely inconsistent with a priori expectations and further research involving temporally resolved exposure estimates are required.
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Dennekamp, Martine, Bircan Erbas, Malcolm Sim, Deborah Glass, Melita Keywood, Michael Abramson, and Andrew Tonkin. "Air Pollution From Bushfires and Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrests in Melbourne, Australia." Epidemiology 22 (January 2011): S53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000391824.65847.98.

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Chatterjee, P., and P. Das. "Association of Ambient Air Quality with Male’s Pulmonary Function in Kolkata City, India." Kathmandu University Medical Journal 13, no. 1 (October 20, 2015): 24–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v13i1.13748.

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Background Kolkata is one of the polluted metropolitan cities in India where health effects of air pollution are raising serious concern.Objectives Purpose of the present study was to analyze association between levels of air pollutants and pulmonary function of adult males living in two different air pollutant zones of Kolkata.Methods Air pollution data of two ambient air quality monitoring stations located at Rabindrabharati and Victoria Memorial was collected from West Bengal Pollution Control Board, Kolkata for the period from January to March 2012. Study was conducted on 200 males (17-22 yrs), subdivided into two groups from living within 3 km radius of that two monitoring stations. They were investigated for their spirometric lung functions following method and technique recommended by American Thoracic Society. Results were expressed as mean ± SD and independent samples T test was conducted to compare between groups.Results PM10, SO2 concentrations were significantly higher in Rabindrabharati zone, whereas no significant differences were noted in NO2 and CO concentrations though values were higher at Rabindrabharati than Victoria Memorial. FVC, FEV1 , FEF25-75%, MVV were significantly lower in males of Rabindrabharati zone.Conclusion Exposure to high air pollutant concentration might be associated with reduced pulmonary function in adult males.Kathmandu University Medical Journal Vol.13(1) 2015; 24-28
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Jacobs, Stephanie J., Alexandre B. Pezza, Vaughan Barras, and John Bye. "A new ‘bio-comfort’ perspective for Melbourne based on heat stress, air pollution and pollen." International Journal of Biometeorology 58, no. 2 (February 13, 2013): 263–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-013-0636-0.

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Tory, K. J., M. E. Cope, G. D. Hess, S. Lee, K. Puri, P. C. Manins, and N. Wong. "The Australian Air Quality Forecasting System. Part III: Case Study of a Melbourne 4-Day Photochemical Smog Event." Journal of Applied Meteorology 43, no. 5 (May 1, 2004): 680–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2092.1.

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Abstract A 4-day photochemical smog event in the Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, region (6–9 March 2001) is examined to assess the performance of the Australian Air Quality Forecasting System (AAQFS). Although peak ozone concentrations measured during this period did not exceed the 1-h national air quality standard of 100 ppb, elevated maximum ozone concentrations in the range of 50–80 ppb were recorded at a number of monitoring stations on all four days. These maximum values were in general very well forecast by the AAQFS. On all but the third day the system predicted the advection of ozone precursors over Port Phillip (the adjacent bay) during the morning, where, later in the day, relatively high ozone concentrations developed. The ozone was advected back inland by bay and sea breezes. On the third day, a southerly component to the background wind direction prevented the precursor drainage over the bay, and the characteristic ozone cycle was disrupted. The success of the system's ability to predict peak ozone at individual monitoring stations was largely dependent on the direction and penetration of the sea and bay breezes, which in turn were dependent on the delicate balance between these winds and the opposing synoptic flow.
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Entwisle, TJ. "Phenology of the Cladophora-Stigeoclonium community in Two Urban Creeks of Melbourne." Marine and Freshwater Research 40, no. 5 (1989): 471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf9890471.

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Cladophora glomerata and Stigeoclonium tenue dominate lowland urban creeks in the Yarra River basin of south-central Victoria. In Darebin and Merri Creeks, Cladophora produces extensive mats in summer and autumn, and is mostly replaced by Stigeoclonium in winter and spring. Although Stigeoclonium can grow all year round, it only outcompetes Cladophora in winter and spring, when air temperatures range between a maximum of < 15� C and a nightly minimum of < 10� C (water temperature < 15� C, usually about 10� C). The seasonal composition and abundance of these macroalgae depend on temperature and on the severity of, and time since, the last floods, and the effect that these factors have on interspecific competition. Features of the microhabitat (e.g. photon irradiance, substratum stability and composition, and mean flow rates) determine the range of these variations. The biomass of both macroalgae fluctuates widely; this is due mainly to floods, which can remove almost the entire standing crop. In off-seasons, both species are maintained by small resilient plants or protected populations (in culture, plants remain viable after up to 6 months in complete darkness). Filaments of Cladophora readily produce zoospores and new vegetative growth following dormancy. The prostrate thallus of Stigeoclonium initiates new erect filaments before zoospores are produced. An understanding of the large local and seasonal variations in macroalgal biomass is essential for biological monitoring programmes.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Air Pollution Victoria Melbourne"

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Lightowlers, Christy. "Spatial modelling of woodsmoke concentrations and health risk associated with residential wood burning." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/1278.

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Within the context of global climate change and soaring energy prices, people are searching for inexpensive and renewable sources of energy; therefore, burning wood for home heating is increasing. Woodsmoke contains substances known to harm human health and is a major contributor to air pollution in many parts of the world; yet there is limited research into the health effects of woodsmoke and existing research suffers from methodological constraints. As a result, there is interest in producing robust woodsmoke exposure estimates for health research and air quality management purposes. Studying health and the environment is inherently spatial; however, research related to air pollution and health tends to be aspatial. As investigators begin to understand the influence of spatial processes on research findings, the importance of adopting a spatial approach to modelling exposure and health risk is becoming apparent. This thesis describes a spatially explicit model for predicting fine particulate matter (PM2.5) attributable to woodsmoke from residential heating in Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. Spatially resolved measurements of PM2.5 were collected for 32 evenings during the winter heating seasons of 2004/05, 2005/06, 2006/07 using a nephelometer installed in a passenger vehicle. Positional data were collected concurrently using a Global Positioning System (GPS). Levoglucosan, a chemical unique to woodsmoke, was measured to confirm the presence of woodsmoke in the measured PM2.5. The spatial scale for the analysis of woodsmoke data was determined using semivariograms to identify the maximum distance of spatial dependence in the data which typically occurred near 2700m. Different spatial approaches for modelling woodsmoke concentrations were evaluated both qualitatively in terms of transferability, meeting statistical assumptions, and potential for exposure misclassification; and quantitatively to assess the association between the model’s predicted PM2.5 concentrations and observed PM2.5. The baseline model characterized exposure based on the PM2.5 value from the closest fixed monitor (R=0.51, α=0.05). The Krigged model produced a seasonal average surface based on nephelometer measurements and showed the weakest performance (R=0.25, α=0.05). The regression models predicted concentrations of woodsmoke based on predictor variables available from census data, typically used in health research, and spatial property assessment data (SPAD), an underused data source at a finer spatial resolution. Different approaches to regression modelling were investigated. A regression model already developed for Victoria performed the best quantitatively (R=0.84, α=0.05); however, qualitative considerations precluded it from being selected as an appropriate model. A quantitatively (R=0.62, α=0.05) and qualitatively robust regression model was developed using SPAD (M6). SPAD improved the spatial resolution and model performance over census data. Removing spatial and temporal autocorrelation in the data prior to modelling produced the most robust model as opposed to modelling spatial effects post regression. A Bayesian approach to M6 was applied; however, model performance remained unchanged (R=0.62, α=0.05). The spatial distribution of susceptibility to health problems associated with woodsmoke was derived from census data relating to population, age and income. Intersecting the exposure model with population susceptibility in a Geographic Information System (GIS) identified areas at high risk for health effects attributable to woodsmoke.
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Jayasooriya, Varuni Maheshika. "Optimization of green infrastructure practices for industrial areas." Thesis, 2016. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/33668/.

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Industrial areas are environmentally degraded land areas with multiple environmental issues. Majority of industrial areas are surrounded by residential and commercial areas due to the ease of access for material and human resources. Annual discharge of larger volumes of contaminated stormwater to receiving water bodies and the air pollution are two major environmental problems for such areas. Green Infrastructure (GI) practices are known as a land conservation strategy which introduces green space in urban areas. These practices also contain various components that can improve the quality of stormwater discharges and air quality in urban areas. For optimization of GI for a particular area, several studies have been conducted in the past by addressing the problem as a single objective optimization problem by minimizing the associated costs. For a complex land use like an industrial area, the reality in optimizing GI can incorporate several other aspects related to environmental, economic and social objectives which are expected of GI through their implementation. The optimization process of GI practices for a specific area includes the selection of most suitable practices that provides the required benefits for the area alongside with their optimal sizing. In the current practice, optimal selection and sizing of GI practices is generally conducted based on the expert judgement, and there are no systematic methodologies currently available for this process. Especially for a complex land use like an industrial area where there exist high environmental demands, methodologies should be developed for the optimum selection and sizing of GI practices. This research was aimed at developing a novel methodology to optimize GI practices to mitigate stormwater and air pollution in industrial areas by combining several techniques such as mathematical optimization, simulation modelling, performance measure analysis, Delphi survey and Multi Criteria Decision Analysis. The proposed methodology considered various important aspects during the optimization process such as addressing the required environmental demands in industrial areas, land area constraints, stakeholder opinions and multiple environmental, economic and social benefits of GI practices. The generic methodology proposed in this study has been successful in identifying the optimum GI practices and their optimum sizes to treat stormwater and improve air quality for a case study industrial area in Melbourne, Australia. The results of this innovative methodology applied to the case study area demonstrated its applicability and efficiency in optimizing GI practices for industrial areas. This research has contributed to the current knowledge base on GI by introducing an innovative approach to enhance the optimization and decision making of GI planning process.
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Books on the topic "Air Pollution Victoria Melbourne"

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Authority, Victoria Environment Protection. Melbourne mortality study: Effects of ambient air pollution on daily mortality in Melbourne 1991-1996 : appendices. Melbourne?]: The Authority, 2000.

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Cook, Calvin K. Victoria Vogue, Inc., Bethlehem Pennsylvania. [Atlanta, Ga.?]: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1998.

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Lorimer, Graeme S. A review of air quality indicators and monitoring procedures in Victoria. Melbourne: Office of the Commissioner for the Environment, 1992.

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Amadi, Ako. Proceedings of the national seminar on air pollution and industrialization in Nigeria: Held at Goethe-Institut, Victoria Island, Lagos, Nigeria, 12-13th December 2000. Edited by Community Conservation and Development Initiatives (Organization) and Goethe-Institut (Lagos Nigeria). Lagos, Nigeria: Community Conservation and Development Initiatives, 2001.

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Chapman, R. Ambient air quality post-operational survey part 1: Energy-from-waste plant, Victoria Hospital Corporation, London, Ontario. Toronto: Air Resources Branch, Southwestern Region, Environment Ontario, 1989.

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Fund, Sierra Legal Defence, and University of Victoria (B.C.). Environmental Law Centre., eds. Cleanair.ca: A citizen's action guide : a project of the Environmental Law Centre, University of Victoria. Toronto: Sierra Legal Defence Fund, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Air Pollution Victoria Melbourne"

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Cope, Martin, Sunhee Lee, Sean Walsh, Melanie Middleton, Mark Bannister, Wal Delaney, and Andrew Marshall. "Projection of Air Quality in Melbourne, Australia in 2030 and 2070 Using a Dynamic Downscaling System." In Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXII, 13–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Air Pollution Victoria Melbourne"

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Collins, Julie. "Fresh Air and Sunshine: The Health Aspects of Sleepouts, Sunrooms, and Sundecks in South Australian Architecture of the 1930s." In The 38th Annual Conference of the Society of Architectural Historians Australia and New Zealand. online: SAHANZ, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55939/a3989p6hza.

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This paper examines the development of infrastructures for outdoor advertising and debates over visual ‘oversaturation’ in the built environment. It begins with the boom in posters that came in the 19th century with a plethora of new manufactured goods and the attempts by civic officials to create structures that would extend cities’ available surface area for the placement of ads. It then charts the rise of building-top ‘sky signs,’ articulated billboards, kiosks, and digital media facades while detailing the policy initiatives meant to regulate these ad surfaces. This work builds on ongoing research into the development of signage technologies in Sydney and Melbourne, the measurement and regulation of ‘visual pollution’, and the promotion of entertainment and nightlife in precincts defined by neon and historic signage.
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