Relevant bibliographies by topics / Air pollution modelling and control

Academic literature on the topic 'Air pollution modelling and control'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Air pollution modelling and control"

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Colette, A., B. Bessagnet, F. Meleux, and L. Rouïl. "Frontiers in air quality modelling." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 6, no. 3 (August 2, 2013): 4189–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-6-4189-2013.

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Abstract. The first pan-European kilometre-scale atmospheric chemistry simulation is introduced. The continental-scale air pollution episode of January 2009 is modelled with the CHIMERE offline chemistry-transport model with a massive grid of 2 million horizontal points, performed on 2000 CPU of a high performance computing system hosted by the Research and Technology Computing Center at the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CCRT/CEA). Besides the technical challenge, we find that model biases are significantly reduced, especially over urban areas. The high resolution grid also allows revisiting the contribution of individual city plumes to the European burden of pollution, providing new insights for designing air pollution control strategies.
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Finzi, G., and G. Guariso. "Optimal air pollution control strategies: a case study." Ecological Modelling 64, no. 2-3 (October 1992): 221–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3800(92)90116-v.

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Chaulya, S. K., A. K. Singh, T. B. Singh, G. C. Mondal, S. Singh, S. K. Singh, and R. S. Singh. "Modelling for Air Quality Estimation for a Planned Coal Washery to Control Air Pollution." Environmental Modeling & Assessment 25, no. 6 (June 16, 2020): 775–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10666-020-09721-x.

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Zhu, Wei, Shaonan Shan, Xiaohui Shi, and Hui Li. "Research on the Establishment and Stability of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region Air Pollution Cooperative Control Alliance: An Evolutionary Game Approach." Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society 2021 (September 2, 2021): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1179351.

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Air pollution control refers to a vital issue in the integrated and coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. As impacted by the fluidity of air pollution, air pollution control cannot be achieved independently by a single local government in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and a long-term mechanism should be established for regional coordination and cooperative control. However, in the pursuit of maximising benefits by the participating parties, difficulties in effective coordination between the various control bodies occurred and a dilemma was created in the cooperative control of air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Based on the existing research, this study first builds an evolutionary game model to analyse the evolutionary path and stability of cooperative alliance of air pollution control behaviour in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Second, this study explores the core elements of reaching alliances and consolidating cooperative control among cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Last, in combination with the simulation results, this study compares the feasibility of cooperative control among cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region with and without central government constraints. As indicated from the results, without the constraints of the central government, intergovernmental cooperative control is correlated with intercity public benefits, cities’ own benefits, and air pollution losses, whereas it is not effective since it cannot control the phenomenon of “free-riding” by cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Under the control of the central government, a stable strategy among cities can evolve toward a fast and efficient cooperative management. To achieve air pollution control effectively, the air pollution control alliance should be formed in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the benefits of cooperation lay the basis for reaching cooperative control. The mentioned findings highlight that (1) the benefits of cooperation lay the basis for cooperative control, (2) punitive policies of central government increase the evolutionary rate of cooperative control, and (3) cooperation costs determine the long-term stability of the alliance.
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Mohamed, Ghada Osama, Maher Elsayed Saleh, Elsayed Ahmed Shalaby, and Ahmed Samir Elsafty. "Using biochar to control nitric oxide air pollution." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2305, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2305/1/012029.

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Abstract This study deals with the ability of Rice Husk Biochar (RHB) to adsorb and reduce the concentration of 90 ppm Nitric Oxide (NO) gas which passed through it with a 1.2 liter/min flow rate within 8 minutes. The characteristics of biochar before and after adsorption were studied by SEM, EDAX, and FTIR analyses. To study the effect of different factors on adsorption the effect of manufacturing temperatures of biochar was studied by using two degrees 450 °C and 500 °C. It has also been measured the effect of biochar particles size using two types of size, coarse (C) and fine (F). The effect of the shape of the measurement system on the adsorption was also measured using two types of systems A and B. In general, the RHB450C A gives the best adsorption capacity for NO (95.7 mg/g) followed by RHB450F A (41.9 mg/g) followed by RHB500C A (24.8 mg/g). Both Langmuir and Freundlich isothermal models were applied to mathematical modelling of NO adsorption, and based on the coefficient of determination (r2) Langmuir’s model provided a perfect fit to the experimental data. It was also found that the pseudo-first-order model is suitable for studying adsorption kinetics.
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Cocks, A. T., I. R. Rodgers, R. A. Skeffington, and A. H. Webb. "The limitations of integrated assessment modelling in developing air pollution control policies." Environmental Pollution 102, no. 1 (1998): 635–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0269-7491(98)80092-4.

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Das, Sukanya, MN Murty, and Kavita Sardana. "Using Economic Instruments to Fix the Liability of Polluters in India." Ecology, Economy and Society–the INSEE Journal 4, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.37773/ees.v4i2.363.

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This review paper highlights the informational requirements for the effective use of environmental policy instruments to achieve ambient standards of pollution in India. A section on the Integrated Urban Air Pollution Assessment Model is attempted to identify data requirements for, and information gaps associated with, using these instruments. We review the available information and identify informational gaps that thwart the realization of ambient standards of environmental quality. In India, command-and-control instruments are arbitrarily used to assign liability without taking cognizance of economic estimates. The available cost–benefit estimates of air and water pollution, combined with air quality modelling for urban areas and water quality modelling, are essential inputs for using environmental policy instruments to ensure compliance with ambient standards. We discuss how to use economic estimates while designing and using economic instruments such as pollution taxes and pollution permits, in addition to command and control.
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Issakhov, Alibek, and Aiymzhan R. Baitureyeva. "Numerical modelling of a passive scalar transport from thermal power plants to air environment." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 10, no. 10 (October 2018): 168781401879954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814018799544.

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The number of thermal power plants is growing due to the industry development and the growth of energy consumption. This leads to an increase in harmful emissions in the atmosphere. There is a necessity to control the emission concentration level in the areas of power plants location. The aim of this work was to study the level of pollution concentration at different distances from the source. The mathematical model and the numerical algorithm were verified by solving test problems and comparing them with the experimental data and numerical results of other authors. Furthermore, the pollution distribution in three-dimensional case was investigated in a real physical scale. CO2 was considered as polluting gas. As a real example, the Ekibastuz SDPP-1 coal-fired thermal power plant was simulated. The remarkable feature of this thermal power plant is that the pollution emits from two chimneys of different heights (330 and 300 m). The results showed that due to the difference between chimney heights (30 m), the pollution concentration from the higher chimney dropped far away from source, than from the lower one (2160 and 1970 m, respectively). Obviously, building higher chimneys helps to reduce the harmful impact of emissions on the environment. Also, it can be used to control the emissions level at already existing power plants.
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Bekesiene, Svajone, and Ieva Meidute-Kavaliauskiene. "Artificial Neural Networks for Modelling and Predicting Urban Air Pollutants: Case of Lithuania." Sustainability 14, no. 4 (February 21, 2022): 2470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14042470.

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This study focuses on the Vilnius (capital of Lithuania) agglomeration, which is facing the issue of air pollution resulting from the city’s physical expansion. The increased number of industries and vehicles caused an increase in the rate of fuel consumption and pollution in Vilnius, which has rendered air pollution control policies and air pollution management more significant. In this study, the differences in the pollutants’ means were tested using two-sided t-tests. Additionally, a 2-layer artificial neural network and a pollution data were both used as tools for predicting and warning air pollution after loop traffic has taken effect in Vilnius Old Town from July of 2020. Highly accurate data analysis methods provide reliable data for predicting air pollution. According to the validation, the multilayer perceptron network (MLPN1), with a hyperbolic tangent activation function with a 4-4-2 partition, produced valuable results and identified the main pollutants affecting and predicting air quality in the Old Town: maximum concentration of sulphur dioxide per 1 hour (SO2_1 h, normalized importance = 100%); carbon monoxide (CO) was the second pollutant with the highest indication of normalized importance, equalling 59.0%.
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Croitoru, Cristiana, and Ilinca Nastase. "A state of the art regarding urban air quality prediction models." E3S Web of Conferences 32 (2018): 01010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183201010.

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Urban pollution represents an increasing risk to residents of urban regions, particularly in large, over-industrialized cities knowing that the traffic is responsible for more than 25% of air gaseous pollutants and dust particles. Air quality modelling plays an important role in addressing air pollution control and management approaches by providing guidelines for better and more efficient air quality forecasting, along with smart monitoring sensor networks. The advances in technology regarding simulations, forecasting and monitoring are part of the new smart cities which offers a healthy environment for their occupants.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Air pollution modelling and control"

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Jamriska, Milan. "The effect of ventilation and air filtration on reduction of indoor concentration to submicrometer airborne particulates." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2000.

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Yan, Haojie. "Bayesian spatial modelling of air pollution." Thesis, University of Bath, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.541668.

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Surapipith, Vanisa. "Air pollution in northern Czech Republic." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.251568.

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Luhar, Ashok Kumar. "Random walk modelling of air pollution dispersion." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387006.

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Zhong, Jian. "Modelling air pollution within a street canyon." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6491/.

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A street canyon is a typical urban configuration with surrounding buildings along the street, where emissions from vehicles are normally released. Buildings are the artificial obstacles to the urban atmospheric flow and give rise to limited ventilation, especially for deep street canyons. This study implements a large-eddy simulation (LES) coupled with a reduced chemical scheme (the LES-chemistry model) to investigate the processing, dispersion and transport of reactive pollutants in a deep street canyon. Spatial variation of reactive pollutants are significant due to the existence of unsteady multiple vortices and pollutant concentrations exhibit significant contrasts within each vortex. In practical applications of using one-box model, the hypothesis of a well-mixed deep street canyon is shown to be inappropriate. A simplified two-box model (vertically segregated) is developed and evaluated against the LES-chemistry model to represent key photochemical processes with timescales similar to and smaller than the turbulent mixing timescale. The two-box model provides the capability of efficiently running a series of emission scenarios under a set of meteorological conditions. In addition, a box model with grid-averaged emissions of street canyons is compared with a two-box model considering each street canyon independently (horizontally segregated) to evaluate uncertainties when grid-averaged emissions are adopted in a grid-based urban air quality model. This study could potentially support traffic management, urban planning strategies and personal exposure assessment.
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Park, Jin Young. "Microscopic modelling of air pollution from road traffic." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11308.

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Vienneau, Danielle Marie. "Spatial modelling of air pollution for exposure assessment." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8283.

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Oldham, M. A. "Statistical modelling of asthma and air pollution data." Thesis, Swansea University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638363.

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This thesis is motivated by the particular modelling requirements of data collected by a General Practitioner who wished to study the relationship between incidences of asthma and air pollution in Glyn Neath, a small mining village in South Wales. We consider the need to model the function of an individual's peak expiratory flow in such a way that the possible influence of airborne pollutants is testable, using only the binary time series of attacks available for each patient. Korn and Whittemore (1979) presented a threshold model which considered an individual's resistance to an 'onslaught' of pollution. A subtle adaptation of the principles of their research has allowed this methodology to be adapted to the requirements of this thesis. We present a model which is motivated by medically-based criteria and is capable of generating events corresponding to acute episodes of asthma. Statistical analysis of the model introduces correlated random variables with survival probabilities requiring the integration of the appropriate multi-dimensional Normal probability density function. We develop a novel approach for approximating the correlation structure which allows this integration to be reduced to a single dimension. For parameter estimation we consider the method of maximum likelihood and examine the properties of the maximum likelihood estimates. Initial exploration of the estimates indicate that they are substantially biased and hence further refinement of the approximated correlation structure is necessary. The research has achieved its original aim of developing medically based statistical methods.
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Prinn, Ronald G., John M. Reilly, Marcus C. Sarofim, Chien Wang, and Benjamin Seth Felzer. "Effects of Air Pollution Control on Climate." MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/7510.

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Urban air pollution and climate are closely connected due to shared generating processes (e.g., combustion) for emissions of the driving gases and aerosols. They are also connected because the atmospheric lifecycles of common air pollutants such as CO, NOx and VOCs, and of the climatically important methane gas (CH4) and sulfate aerosols, both involve the fast photochemistry of the hydroxyl free radical (OH). Thus policies designed to address air pollution may impact climate and vice versa. We present calculations using a model coupling economics, atmospheric chemistry, climate and ecosystems to illustrate some effects of air pollution policy alone on global warming. We consider caps on emissions of NOx, CO, volatile organic carbon, and SOx both individually and combined in two ways. These caps can lower ozone causing less warming, lower sulfate aerosols yielding more warming, lower OH and thus increase CH4 giving more warming, and finally, allow more carbon uptake by ecosystems leading to less warming. Overall, these effects significantly offset each other suggesting that air pollution policy has a relatively small net effect on the global mean surface temperature and sea level rise. However, our study does not account for the effects of air pollution policies on overall demand for fossil fuels and on the choice of fuels (coal, oil, gas), nor have we considered the effects of caps on black carbon or organic carbon aerosols on climate. These effects, if included, could lead to more substantial impacts of capping pollutant emissions on global temperature and sea level than concluded here. Caps on aerosols in general could also yield impacts on other important aspects of climate beyond those addressed here, such as the regional patterns of cloudiness and precipitation.
Abstract in HTML and technical report in PDF available on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change website (http://mit.edu/globalchange/www/).
This research was supported by the U.S Department of Energy, U.S. National Science Foundation, and the Industry Sponsors of the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change: Alstom Power (France), American Electric Power (USA), BP p.l.c. (UK/USA), ChevronTexaco Corporation (USA), DaimlerChrysler AG (Germany), Duke Energy (USA), J-Power (Electric Power Development Co., Ltd.) (Japan), Electric Power Research Institute (USA), Electricité de France, ExxonMobil Corporation (USA), Ford Motor Company (USA), General Motors (USA), Mirant (USA), Murphy Oil Corporation (USA), Oglethorpe Power Corporation (USA), RWE/Rheinbraun (Germany), Shell International Petroleum (Netherlands/UK), Statoil (Norway), Tennessee Valley Authority (USA), Tokyo Electric Power Company (Japan), TotalFinaElf (France), Vetlesen Foundation (USA).
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Gupta, Shivam. "Spatial modelling of air pollution for open smart cities." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/666745.

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A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor in Information Management, specialization in Geographic Information Systems
Half of the world’s population already lives in cities, and by 2050 two-thirds of the world’s population are expected to further move into urban areas. This urban growth leads to various environmental, social and economic challenges in cities, hampering the Quality of Life (QoL). Although recent trends in technologies equip us with various tools and techniques that can help in improving quality of life, air pollution remains the ‘biggest environmental health risk’ for decades, impacting individuals’ quality of life and well-being according to World Health Organisation (WHO). Many efforts have been made to measure air quality, but the sparse arrangement of monitoring stations and the lack of data currently make it challenging to develop systems that can capture within-city air pollution variations. To solve this, flexible methods that allow air quality monitoring using easily accessible data sources at the city level are desirable. The present thesis seeks to widen the current knowledge concerning detailed air quality monitoring by developing approaches that can help in tackling existing gaps in the literature. The thesis presents five contributions which address the issues mentioned above. The first contribution is the choice of a statistical method which can help in utilising existing open data and overcoming challenges imposed by the bigness of data for detailed air pollution monitoring. The second contribution concerns the development of optimisation method which helps in identifying optimal locations for robust air pollution modelling in cities. The third contribution of the thesis is also an optimisation method which helps in initiating systematic volunteered geographic information (VGI) campaigns for detailed air pollution monitoring by addressing sparsity and scarcity challenges of air pollution data in cities. The fourth contribution is a study proposing the involvement of housing companies as a stakeholder in the participatory framework for air pollution data collection, which helps in overcoming certain gaps existing in VGI-based approaches. Finally, the fifth contribution is an open-hardware system that aids in collecting vehicular traffic data using WiFi signal strength. The developed hardware can help in overcoming traffic data scarcity in cities, which limits detailed air pollution monitoring. All the contributions are illustrated through case studies in Muenster and Stuttgart. Overall, the thesis demonstrates the applicability of the developed approaches for enabling air pollution monitoring at the city-scale under the broader framework of the open smart city and for urban health research.
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Books on the topic "Air pollution modelling and control"

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International, Conference on Air Pollution (5th 1997 Bologna Italy). Air pollution V. Southampton, U.K: Computational Mechanics Publications, 1997.

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Khare, M. Modelling urban vehicle emissions. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2002.

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Zwerver, S., and J. van Ham, eds. Interregional Air Pollution Modelling. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1245-1.

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Sportisse, Bruno, ed. Air Pollution Modelling and Simulation. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-04956-3.

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Jeremy, Colls, and Colls Jeremy, eds. Air pollution: Measurement, modelling, and mitigation. 3rd ed. London: Spon Press, 2010.

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Air pollution control engineering. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1994.

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Nevers, Noel De. Air pollution control engineering. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1995.

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Theodore, Louis. Air pollution control equipment. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2008.

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Air pollution control engineering. 2nd ed. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2000.

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Sharma, Nikhil, Avinash Kumar Agarwal, Peter Eastwood, Tarun Gupta, and Akhilendra P. Singh, eds. Air Pollution and Control. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7185-0.

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Book chapters on the topic "Air pollution modelling and control"

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Monojit, C., B. Sangeeta, M. Renu, and A. Amit. "Air-Pollution modelling aspects: an overview." In Air pollution: sources, impacts and controls, 79–95. Wallingford: CABI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786393890.0079.

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Rodríguez, Angel, Santiago Saavedra, Maria Dios, Carmen Torres, Jose A. Souto, Juan J. Casares, Belen Soto, and Jose L. Bermúdez. "Modelling the Impact of Best Available Techniques for Industrial Emissions Control in Air Quality." In Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXI, 275–78. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1359-8_46.

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Gulia, Sunil, S. K. Goyal, and Rakesh Kumar. "Air Pollution Episode Analysis and Qualitative Evaluation of Proposed Control Measures in Delhi City." In Urban Air Quality Monitoring, Modelling and Human Exposure Assessment, 225–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5511-4_16.

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Tiwary, Abhishek, and Ian Williams. "Air pollution modelling." In Air Pollution, 313–59. Fourth edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2018. | Earlier editions written by Jeremy Colls.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429469985-8.

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van den Hout, K. D., and H. van Dop. "Interregional Modelling." In Interregional Air Pollution Modelling, 11–82. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-1245-1_3.

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Tiwary, Abhishek, and Ian Williams. "Air pollution control and mitigation." In Air Pollution, 361–413. Fourth edition. | Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2018. | Earlier editions written by Jeremy Colls.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429469985-9.

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Chandrappa, Ramesha, and Diganta Bhusan Das. "Air Pollution Control." In Environmental Health - Theory and Practice, 127–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64484-0_6.

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Förstner, Ulrich. "Air Pollution Control." In Integrated Pollution Control, 161–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80311-6_5.

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Bahadori, Alireza. "Air Pollution Control." In Pollution Control in Oil, Gas and Chemical Plants, 1–117. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01234-6_1.

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Verma, Subhash, Varinder S. Kanwar, and Siby John. "Air Pollution Control." In Environmental Engineering, 489–96. New York: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003231264-33.

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Conference papers on the topic "Air pollution modelling and control"

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FERREIRA, JOANA, DIOGO LOPES, SÍLVIA COELHO, ALEXANDRA MONTEIRO, MYRIAM LOPES, DÍLIA JARDIM, FILIPA MARQUES, FILOMENA BOAVIDA, and ANA I. MIRANDA. "USING AIR QUALITY MODELLING AND EMISSION PROJECTIONS AS A SUPPORT TO THE FIRST AIR POLLUTION CONTROL PROGRAM UNDER NEC DIRECTIVE TARGETS FOR 2030." In AIR POLLUTION 2019. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air190241.

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Vu Duc Thai and Pham Thuong Cat. "Modelling air-pollution problem by Cellular Neural Network." In 2008 10th International Conference on Control, Automation, Robotics and Vision (ICARCV). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icarcv.2008.4795676.

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Chandrasekaran, S. S., S. Muthukumar, and S. Rajendran. "Automated Control System for Air Pollution Detection in Vehicles." In 2013 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Systems, Modelling and Simulation (ISMS 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isms.2013.94.

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Al-Mulla, Ali H., Azhari F. Ahmed, and Diane Lecoeur. "Qatar Photochemical Modelling Platform: A New Tool to Optimize Air Pollution Control for the Oil and Gas Industries." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/14112-abstract.

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Al-Mulla, Ali H., Azhari F. Ahmed, and Diane Lecoeur. "Qatar Photochemical Modelling Platform: A New Tool to Optimize Air Pollution Control for the Oil and Gas Industries." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. International Petroleum Technology Conference, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-14112-abstract.

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Al-Mulla, A. H., A. F. M. Ahmed, and D. Lecoeur. "Qatar Photochemical Modelling Platform: A New Tool to Optimize Air Pollution Control for the Oil and Gas Industries." In IPTC 2009: International Petroleum Technology Conference. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.151.iptc14112.

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Bakken, L. E., and L. Skogly. "Parametric Modelling of Exhaust Gas Emission From Natural Gas Fired Gas Turbines." In ASME 1995 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/95-gt-399.

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Increased focus on air pollution from gas turbines in the Norwegian sector of the North Sea has resulted in taxes on CO2. Statements made by the Norwegian authorities imply regulations and/or taxes on NOx emissions in the near future. The existing CO2-tax of NOK 0.82 /Sm3 (US Dollars 0.12/Sm3) and possible future tax on NOx are analysed mainly with respect to operating and maintenance costs for the gas turbine. Depending on actual tax levels, the machine should preferably be operated on full load/optimum thermal efficiency or part load to reduce specific exhaust emissions. Based on field measurements, exhaust emissions (CO2, CO, NOx, N2O, UHC etc.) are established with respect to load and gas turbine performance, including performance degradation. Different NOx emission correlations are analysed based on test results, and a proposed prediction model presented. The impact of machinery performance degradation on emission levels is particularly analysed. Good agreement is achieved between measured and predicted NOx emissions from the proposed correlation. To achieve continuous exhaust emission control, the proposed NOx model is implemented to the on-line condition monitoring system on the Sleipner A platform, rather than introducing sensitive emission sensors in the exhaust gas stack. The on-line condition monitoring system forms an important tool in detecting machinery condition/degradation, air pollution and achieving optimum energy conservation.
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Xu, Zheng, Fenzhu Ji, Yu Zhou, Fanyong Wu, and Shuiting Ding. "Modelling on Predicting Pressure Distribution and Capacity of Foil Thrust Bearing." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86085.

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Air bearing is future main supporting way of high-speed machinery such as turbocharger, micro gas-turbine engine. Foil bearing is a new type of air bearing which is lubricated by the thin-film air with its self-adapting elastic foil structure. It has many significant advantages such as non-pollution, longer working life, higher reliability, and lower friction loss. Different from foil journal bearing, in present the study of foil thrust bearing is extremely insufficient, especially about how to accurately predict the pressure distribution and efficiently improve the bearing capacity. The pressure distribution prediction of foil thrust bearing air film directly impacts the bearing stiffness and damping design, and then influences bearing capacity. The Reynolds equation commonly used to do such estimation is not accurate enough since the influence of temperature on air property parameters is ignored. The inaccurate prediction leads a catastrophic reduction to the bearing performance. In order to solve this problem, we propose a model to accurately predict the pressure distribution and capacity of foil thrust bearing using CFD method, as well estimating the relationship between air film clearance thickness, rotation speed, environment temperature and the capacity. Firstly, we simulate the pressure distribution of air film and then evaluate the simulation result by constrained experiments. We also correct the simulation by using modified air parameters obtained from experiment. The experimental results indicate our corrected simulation model is accurate with error less than 4%. Secondly, we compare simulation and experiment pressure results under different conditions. The model accuracy sensitivity varies within 10% under different rotation speed, air film clearance thickness and environment temperature. Finally, we use corrected model to analyze capacity impact parameters. We find the capacity of bearing increases with the decreasing of average air film clearance thickness under fixed speed of the thrust disc. The smaller clearance thickness is, the more influence its variation has on the bearing capacity. Meanwhile, the capacity of the bearing decreases with the reducing thrust disc speed under constant clearance thickness, and it decreases more obviously in the lower speed. The capacity reaches its largest under 200 °C and it falls with the increases or decreases of environment temperature. The model in this paper provides important theoretical foundation when designing the stiffness, damping and temperature control of each bearing area.
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Basso, Davide, and Carlo Cravero. "A Numerical Simulation Approach for Atmospheric Pollution Evolution at Urban Scale to Help Traffic Control Decision Making." In ASME 2012 11th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2012-82028.

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For a town with complex orography and frequently varying winds, like Genova on the Italian Northern coast, the need for a simulation environment to predict the pollutant evolution according to a given traffic load, would be of utmost importance. A simulation approach based on 3D CFD has been developed keeping in mind the final application: it use for decision making. Several meshes have been set up and their effects on the solution evaluated in order to strike a balance between the quality of physical modelling and the computational resources required to handle it. The aim is that of getting useful results in a short timescale (one/two days). The evolution of the 3D flow and the pollutants has been simulated for two reference days with a time resolution of one hour. The effect of the daily evolution of the wind, heat release and pollution emission (traffic) over 24 hours is highlighted and discussed.
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de With, G. "CFD modelling of radioactive pollutants in a radiological laboratory." In AIR POLLUTION 2009. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air090251.

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Reports on the topic "Air pollution modelling and control"

1

Popp, David. Pollution Control Innovations and the Clean Air Act of 1990. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w8593.

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Turchi, C. S., E. J. Wolfrum, and R. A. Miller. Gas-phase photocatalytic oxidation: Cost comparison with other air pollution control technologies. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10194943.

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Watt, Lewis C., Fred S. Cannon, Robert J. Heinsohn, Timothy A. Spaeder, and Charles H. Darvin. Air Pollution Control System Research: An Iterative Approach to Developing Affordable Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada351122.

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Snider, Thomas J. An Analysis of Air Pollution Control Technologies for Shipyard Emitted Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCS). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada458147.

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Joyce, Theodore, Michael Grossman, and Fred Goldman. An Assessment of the Benefits of Air Pollution Control: The Case of Infant Health. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w1928.

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Hernández, Karla, Bridget Lynn Hoffmann, Cristóbal Ruiz-Tagle, and Alejandra Schueftan. The Cost-Effectiveness of Air Pollution Information Provision Programs. Inter-American Development Bank, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003391.

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Air pollution is one of the primary causes of premature death worldwide. This paper examines the cost-effectiveness of two different air quality information programs that were implemented as part of randomized control trials. In the case of the SMS air quality alerts in Mexico City, we find that the program was not cost-effective in the experimental sample, but it would likely be cost-effective if the program were extended to all of Mexico City. In the case of real-time feedback on wood stove emissions in Valdivia, we find that the program was cost-effective in both the experimental sample and at scale.
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Popp, David. International Innovation and Diffusion of Air Pollution Control Technologies: The Effects of NOX and SO2 Regulation in the US, Japan, and Germany. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10643.

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Bailey, K. A., A. P. Loeb, J. W. Formento, and D. W. South. Synergies and conflicts in multimedia pollution control related to utility compliance with Title IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10124647.

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Yoozbashizadeh, Mahdi, and Forouzan Golshani. Robotic Parking Technology for Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Control Around Park & Rides. Mineta Transportation Institute, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1936.

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A lack or limited availability for parking may have multiple consequences, not the least of which is driver frustration, congestion, and air pollution. However, there is a greater problem that is not widely recognized by the public, namely the negative effect on the use of transit systems due to insufficient parking spaces close to key transit stations. Automated parking management systems, which have been successfully deployed in several European and Japanese cities, can manage parking needs at transit stations more effectively than other alternatives. Numerous studies have confirmed that quick and convenient automobile access to park-and-ride lots can be essential to making public transit competitive with the automobile in suburban areas. Automated parking systems use a robotic platform that carries each vehicle to one of the locations in a custom designed structure. Each location is designed compactly so that considerably more vehicles can be parked in the automated garages than the traditional parking lots. Central to the design of these systems are three key technologies, namely: 1. Mechanical design and the operation of vehicle transfer, i.e., the robotic platform 2. Structural and architectural requirements to meet safety and earthquake standards, among other design imperatives, 3. Automation and intelligent control issues as related to the overall operation and system engineering. This article concerns the first technology, and more specifically the design of the robotic platform for vehicle transfers. We will outline the overall design of the robot and the shuttle, followed by a description of the prototype that was developed in our laboratories. Subsequently, performance related issues and scalability of the current design will be analyzed.
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Zhang, Speng, Qinwei Fu, Xin Jin, Junwen Tan, Xinrong Li, and Qinxiu Zhang. Association Between Air Pollution and the Prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis in Chinese Children: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0094.

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Review question / Objective: For Chinese children, to explore whether air pollution increases the incidence of allergic rhinitis in children. Condition being studied: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common chronic inflammatory disease in the upper airways, causing nasal congestion, itching, runny nose, and sneezing. It has serious impacts on people's quality of lives, and affects economic growth indirectly. Epidemiological studies revealed that 10% to 40% of the population were suffering from AR worldwide. In addition, children are more likely to develop allergic rhinitis than adults. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis in children is 25% worldwide, and 4% ~ 31% in China. Eligibility criteria: (1) Trials in which children were AR, and the diagnosis of "AR" was in line with the international guidelines. (2) Children’s age was limited of 0-18 years, and they were born and lived in China and at least one year of exposure to air pollution.(3) Air pollutant concentration in the test was derived from the mean value of data provided by ambient air detectors. (Include NO2, SO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5) (4) Literatures only include cross-sectional studies, cohort and case-control studies. (5) All of these articles provide data that allows us to calculate 95% confidence interval (CI) of the influence of air pollutants on AR. (6) Trials published in English only.
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