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1
Wang, Xiashuang, Guanghong Gong, Ni Li, Li Ding, and Yaofei Ma. "Decoding pilot behavior consciousness of EEG, ECG, eye movements via an SVM machine learning model." International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 11, no. 04 (July 2, 2020): 2050028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962320500282.
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To decode the pilot’s behavioral awareness, an experiment is designed to use an aircraft simulator obtaining the pilot’s physiological behavior data. Existing pilot behavior studies such as behavior modeling methods based on domain experts and behavior modeling methods based on knowledge discovery do not proceed from the characteristics of the pilots themselves. The experiment starts directly from the multimodal physiological characteristics to explore pilots’ behavior. Electroencephalography, electrocardiogram, and eye movement were recorded simultaneously. Extracted multimodal features of ground missions, air missions, and cruise mission were trained to generate support vector machine behavior model based on supervised learning. The results showed that different behaviors affects different multiple rhythm features, which are power spectra of the [Formula: see text] waves of EEG, standard deviation of normal to normal, root mean square of standard deviation and average gaze duration. The different physiological characteristics of the pilots could also be distinguished using an SVM model. Therefore, the multimodal physiological data can contribute to future research on the behavior activities of pilots. The result can be used to design and improve pilot training programs and automation interfaces.
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Vempati, Lakshmi, Sabrina Woods, and Scott R. Winter. "Pilots’ willingness to operate in urban air mobility integrated airspace: a moderated mediation analysis." Drone Systems and Applications 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/juvs-2021-0009.
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Interest in advanced air mobility (AAM) and urban air mobility (UAM) operations for on-demand passenger and cargo transport continues to grow. There is ongoing research on market demand and forecast, community acceptance, privacy, and security. There is also ongoing research by National Aeronautics and Space Administration , Federal Aviation Administration, academia, and industry on airspace integration, regulatory, process, and procedural challenges. Safe integration of UAM and AAM will also require different stakeholder perspectives such as air traffic controllers, manned aircraft pilots, remote pilots, UAM operators, and the community. This research aimed to assess the willingness of manned aircraft pilots to operate in UAM integrated airspace based on airspace complexity and UAM automation level. In addition, a moderated mediation analysis was conducted using trust and perceived risk as mediators and operator type as a moderating variable. The results indicated that automation level influenced pilots’ willingness to operate an aircraft in integrated airspace. A moderating effect of operation type on automation level and willingness to pilot an aircraft was also observed: professional pilots were more amenable to UAM operations with a pilot on board compared with remotely piloted operations. Results from the study are expected to inform airspace integration challenges, processes, and procedures for UAM integrated operations.
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Lee, Minseok, Jihyun Oh, Cheonyoung Kim, Jungho Bae, Yongduk Kim, and Cheolkyu Jee. "The Development of Rule-based AI Engagement Model for Air-to-Air Combat Simulation." Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology 25, no. 6 (December 5, 2022): 637–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9766/kimst.2022.25.6.637.
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Since the concept of Manned-UnManned Teaming(MUM-T) and Unmanned Aircraft System(UAS) can efficiently respond to rapidly changing battle space, many studies are being conducted as key components of the mosaic warfare environment. In this paper, we propose a rule-based AI engagement model based on Basic Fighter Maneuver(BFM) capable of Within-Visual-Range(WVR) air-to-air combat and a simulation environment in which human pilots can participate. In order to develop a rule-based AI engagement model that can pilot a fighter with a 6-DOF dynamics model, tactical manuals and human pilot experience were configured as knowledge specifications and modeled as a behavior tree structure. Based on this, we improved the shortcomings of existing air combat models. The proposed model not only showed a 100 % winning rate in engagement with human pilots, but also visualized decision-making processes such as tactical situations and maneuvering behaviors in real time. We expect that the results of this research will serve as a basis for development of various AI-based engagement models and simulators for human pilot training and embedded software test platform for fighter.
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Thomas, Gary S., and David C. Miller. "Development of an Air Combat Performance Measure." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, no. 18 (October 1988): 1207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128803201804.
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The purpose of this research was to formulate a unitary measure of performance for simulated one-versus-one, within visual range, air-to-air combat. The measure will serve as a criterion for the development and validation of specific measures of ACM skill that can be used to provide diagnostic performance feedback to pilots. Two experiments were conducted in which fighter pilots served as judges and rank-ordered, from most to least desirable, hypothetical ACM engagement outcomes. Outcome variables included (1) whether or not the hypothetical pilot achieved a “kill,” (2) whether or not he survived the mission, (3) the percent of time the pilot was in an offensive, defensive, or neutral posture, (4) length of engagement, and (5) posture at the beginning and end of the engagement (offensive, defensive, or neutral). In order to determine inter-rater agreement among judges in Experiment I, their rankings were correlated. Correlations ranged from .93 to .99. Pilots' rankings of engagement outcomes were subjected to linear regression analyses to derive equations that could be used as a unitary measure of ACM success. The regression equation in Experiment I accounted for 95% of the variance in rankings, and the composite regression model calculated in Experiment II accounted for more than 70% of the variance.
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Rowe, Leah J., Nancy J. Cooke, Sara Elizabeth Gehr, and Winston Bennett. "Assessing Distributed Mission Operations Using the Air Superiority Knowledge Assessment System." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, no. 25 (October 2007): 1569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705102501.
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The Air Superiority Knowledge Assessment System (ASKAS) was developed at the Air Force Research Laboratory as a method for measuring knowledge in fighter pilots. Differences in ASKAS results have been shown to correspond with the knowledge level of pilots with different amounts of experience. To further test this tool, it has recently been integrated into a week-long training program. ASKAS is given before and after training to measure changes in knowledge as a result of the training. Our results show that there is a small but measurable increase in knowledge, as measured by ASKAS, after the training. In addition, there is a quadratic relationship between pilot experience and performance on ASKAS, suggesting that mid-level pilots have the highest levels of knowledge. These results support the validity of ASKAS as a tool to measure changes in knowledge during training, and provide insight on how to improve ASKAS for future use.
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Morrow, Daniel. "Experience Counts with Pilots." Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications 4, no. 2 (April 1996): 4–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106480469600400202.
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Borghini, Gianluca, Pietro Aricò, Gianluca Di Flumeri, Vincenzo Ronca, Andrea Giorgi, Nicolina Sciaraffa, Claudio Conca, et al. "Air Force Pilot Expertise Assessment with Regard to Mental Effort Requested during Unusual Attitude Recovery Flight Training Simulations." Safety 8, no. 2 (May 13, 2022): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety8020038.
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Pilot training and expertise are key aspects in aviation. A traditional way of evaluating pilot expertise is to measure performance output. However, this approach provides a narrow view of the pilot’s capacity, especially with regard to mental and emotional profile. The aim of this study is hence to investigate whether neurophysiological data can be employed as an additional objective measure to assess the expertise of pilots. In this regard, it has been demonstrated that mental effort can be used as an indirect measure of operator expertise and capacity. An increase in mental effort, for instance, can automatically result in a decrease in the remaining capacity of the operator. To better investigate this aspect, we ask two groups of Italian Air Force pilots, experienced (Experts) and unexperienced (Novices), to undergo unusual attitude recovery flight training simulations. Their behavioral (unusual attitude recovery time), subjective (mental effort demand perception) and neurophysiological data (Electroencephalogram, EEG; Electrocardiogram, ECG) are collected during the entire flight simulations. Although the two groups do not exhibit differences in terms of unusual attitude recovery time and mental effort demand perception, the EEG-based mental effort index shows how Novices request significantly higher mental effort during unusual conditions.
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Morphew, M. Ephimia, and Christopher D. Wickens. "Pilot Performance and Workload Using Traffic Displays to Support Free Flight." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42, no. 1 (October 1998): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129804200113.
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Arising from the need to employ innovative solutions to safely and efficiently maintain air traffic separation in increasingly denser skyways, the concept of Free Flight involves shifting some air traffic management responsibilities from air traffic control specialists on the ground, to pilots in the cockpit. Such a shift in traffic management responsibilities will be critically dependent upon the development of displays to provide traffic and hazard information to pilots in the cockpit (Wickens, Carbonari, Merwin, Morphew, & O'Brien (1997; Battiste (in progress); Johnson, Battiste, Delzell, Holland, Belcher, & Jordan, 1997). This research examined the effect of different information-varying display aids (predictors and threat vectors) for in-cockpit traffic displays, on pilot performance, workload, attentional demands, and flight safety. Fifteen pilots flew a series of traffic avoidance scenarios in a Free Flight simulation designed to assess the effects of different levels of traffic display information on these pilot variables. Three, 2D-coplanar prototype displays were compared which differed in the level of traffic information provided. Analysis of the data revealed that the traffic display with the most predictive information supported increased safety and decreased workload, without appreciable decrements in flight performance or efficiency.
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Zasyadko, Konstantin Ivanovich, Sergei Konstantinovich Soldatov, Aleksei Valerievich Bogomolov, Aleksandr Pavlovich Vonarshenko, and Mikhail Nikolaevich Yazlyuk. "PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF AIRСRAFT PILOTS DURING VISUAL SEARCH AND DETECTION OF SMALL-SIZE GROUND OBJECTS IN DIFFICULT WEATHER CONDITIONS." Психология. Психофизиология 13, no. 4 (January 11, 2021): 87–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/jpps200410.
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Background. Visual search and detection of small-size ground objects in difficult weather conditions is a task that provokes psychophysiological stress. The influence of professional pilot activity on the psychophysiological cost of air reconnaissance remains unclear. Materials and methods. The study on the detection and identification of a ground object during landing approach was carried out in winter, during daylight hours: 42 aircraft pilots (average age 30.0 ± 2.8 years, experience from 7 to 14 years) performed 192 research flights. Studies of the subjective assessment of the range to small-size ground objects (SSGO) depending on different visibility conditions and flight altitude were carried out with the participation of 11 aircraft pilots (average age 31.2 ± 1.4 years, experience from 10 to 14 years). The aircraft pilots performed 33 research flights, during which the indicators of neuro-emotional stress were recorded using on-board recording equipment. Results. The search for SSGO in difficult weather conditions (DWC) is accompanied by the increased neuro-emotional stress of the pilot. The pilot's eye estimate of the range to SSGO in conditions of a limited maximum visibility (2.5–4.0 km) for altitudes of 300–400 m is characterized by overestimating the range by an average of 12 %, while good visibility results in underestimating the range. A flight under the clouds with maintaining the distance between the lower edge of the cloud and a flight height of about 50 meters is more favorable for the search for SSGO. With a decrease in this distance to 25 m or less, there is an increase in the physiological cost of such activity (increase in heart rate by 11.6 %; respiration rate by 13.7 %). Conclusion. The psychophysiological features of a pilot that affect the detection and identification of SSGO in DWC mostly depend on the maximum visibility. The coefficients obtained make it possible to adequately estimate the detection and identification range during air reconnaissance in DWC. Pilot’s workload, as well as the level of his/her neuro-emotional stress are determined by the maximum visibility and the distance between the lower edge of the cloud and the specified flight altitude.
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Ortiz, Yolanda, Beth Blickensderfer, Ian Johnson, Chris Johnson, Barrett Caldwell, and Dennis Beringer. "Discussion Panel: General Aviation Weather: Human Factors Issues and Current Research." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 61, no. 1 (September 2017): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931213601480.
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Weather-related incidents account for the majority of general aviation accidents. Fortunately, a body of on-going, human factors research exists aimed at understanding and addressing this problem. The purpose of this session is to highlight that research. Topics will include the adequacy of pilots’ aviation weather knowledge and skills, weather information presentation, and use of technology to assess pilot performance and to improve pilot training. The session is designed to lead a discussion about the complexity of aviation weather, the dangers of weather in GA flight and the research underway to minimize the hazards and improve air safety.
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Rajee Olaganathan and Roli Angelo H Amihan. "Impact of COVID -19 on Pilot Proficiency – A Risk Analysis." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 6, no. 3 (March 30, 2021): 001–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2021.6.3.0023.
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Pilot proficiency is essential in the aviation industry to maintain a safety record for successfully operating airlines. The current COVID-19 scenario has made it practically difficult for pilots to achieve the federal requirements stated in Title 14 CFR 121.439 (a) and 14 CFR 61.57 (a) (1). It has placed a burden on pilots to maintain their currency and proficiency related to cost and lack of aircraft access due to furloughs and lay-offs. The purpose of the first part of this study was to assess the impact of COVID-19 on global air traffic based on the data collected from the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the U.S. Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS). The second part of this research study aims to assess the pilot’s proficiency before and after COVID-19 was officially declared as pandemic to identify any threats to aviation safety based on the incident reports submitted in the Aviation Safety Reporting System. The findings show that the highest reduction in flight operations was observed during May 2020 with -70.67 % compared with May 2019 at the global level. Middle East region witnessed a -57.35 % reduction in flight operations. Based on the number of flights operated in the year 2020, the Asia-Pacific region was the most affected region with 4,913,303 fewer flights than in the year 2019. For the U.S. domestic air traffic, a severe impact occurred in May 2020 with a -70.88 % reduction and 532,834 fewer flights than in May 2019 which was similar to the global air traffic trend. The number of incident reports filed by pilots regarding proficiency-related to COVID-19 issues in the ASRS data analysis increased by 1000% during this pandemic period. The results and recommendations of this research study will provide valuable information to the aviation industry that can aid in developing mitigation measures to decrease future aviation accidents related to pilot proficiency.
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Damos, Diane L., and Jefferson M. Koonce. "Methodological and Analytical Concerns on the Pilot Selection Research of Park and Lee (1992)." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 39, no. 1 (March 1997): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/001872097778940669.
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In 1992, Park and Lee published a paper in Human Factors on the use of a computerized battery to select pilots for the Korean Air Force. In the present article we describe problems associated with the selection, implementation, and administration of the tasks constituting the computerized battery in Park and Lee. Problems associated with the data analysis are also discussed and focus on factor interpretation and nonindependent statistical tests. We offer some general guidelines for developing computerized pilot selection batteries and data analysis.
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Hettinger, Lawrence J., Bart J. Brickman, Merry M. Roe, W. Todd Nelson, and Michael W. Haas. "Effects of Virtually-Augmented Fighter Cockpit Displays on Pilot Performance, Workload, and Situation Awareness." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 40, no. 2 (October 1996): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129604000205.
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Virtually-augmented display concepts are being developed at the US Air Force Armstrong Laboratory's Synthesized Immersion Research Environment (SIRE) Facility at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio, for use in future USAF crew stations. These displays incorporate aspects of virtual environment technology to provide users with intuitive, multisensory representations of operationally relevant information. This paper describes an evaluation that was recently conducted to contrast the effects of conventional, F-15 types of cockpit displays and virtually-augmented, multisensory cockpit displays on pilot-aircraft system performance, workload, and situation awareness in a simulated air combat task. Eighteen military pilots from the United States, France, and Great Britain served as test pilots. The results indicate a statistically significant advantage for the virtually-augmented cockpit configuration across all three classes of measures investigated. The results are discussed in terms of their relevance for the continuing evolution of advanced crew station design.
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Tang, Wei Zhen. "Research of Radar Controllers' Workload in Fuzzy Synthetic Evaluation Model." Advanced Materials Research 722 (July 2013): 233–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.722.233.
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This issue aims at evaluating the radar controllers workload with Fuzzy matter-element analysis and grey relational analysis, based on every part of air traffic control work which takes services that air traffic controller offers to pilots and the radar control procedure into consideration. Focusing the result of evaluation this paper shows the relative membership grade between workloads and parts of the radar control work. The conclusion of this research helps improving controllers workload management and making the safety situation better.
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Mawwaddah, Luthfatun. "KETIDAKMAMPUAN MEMBAYAR UTANG DALAM PERMOHONAN PENUNDAAN KEWAJIBAN PEMBAYARAN UTANG OLEH MANTAN PILOT LION AIR." El-Iqthisadi : Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum 2, no. 2 (May 24, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/el-iqthisadi.v2i2.13817.
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AbstractAn alternative that can be taken to overcome the problem of fulfilling debt payment obligations is to postpone the Obligation of Debt Payment Obligations (PKPU), such as the submission of PKPU done by former Lion Air pilots with Case Number 196 / Pdt.Sus-PKPU / 2019 / PN Niaga Jkt.Pst which won the suit of former Lion Air pilot. However, the results of the decision were not carried out by Lion Air. his writing aims to find out the meaning of the condition of "inability" to pay debts which is the basis of the judge in rejecting the PKPU petition from ex-Lion Air pilot. The method used is to use a normative research method by conducting analysis that is used to focus on the findings of the law, the judge's decision, the opinions of experts, books, and official websites related to this writing. The results of this study explained that the case of PKPU petition by former Lion Air pilots, the judge assessed the condition of "incompetence" based on the going concern value situation in Lion Air where the judge considered that Lion Air's business was still feasible to proceed.Keywords: inability, Lion Air, PKPU AbstrakAlternatif yang dapat ditempuh untuk mengatasi persoalan pemenuhan kewajiban pembayaran utang adalah dengan mangadakan Penundaan Kewajiban Pembayaran Utang (PKPU), seperti pengajuan PKPU yang dilakukan oleh mantan pilot Lion Air dengan Nomor Perkara 196/Pdt.Sus-PKPU/2019/PN Niaga Jkt.Pst dimana memenangkan gugatan mantan pilot Lion Air. Namun, hasil putusan tersebut tidak dilaksanakan oleh pihak Lion Air. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui makna kondisi “ketidakmampuan” membayar utang yang menjadi dasar hakim dalam menolak permohonan PKPU mantan pilot Lion Air. Metode yang digunakan adalah menggunakan metode penelitian normatif dengan melakukan analisis yang digunakan berfokus pada temuan-temuan dari undang-undang, putusan hakim, pendapat para ahli, buku, dan situs web resmi yang berkaitan dengan penulisan ini. Hasil penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa kasus pemohonan PKPU oleh para mantan pilot Lion Air, hakim menilai kondisi “ketidakmampuan” berdasarkan keadaan going concern value pada Lion Air yang mana hakim menilai bahwa usaha Lion Air masih layak untuk dilanjutkan.Kata Kunci: Ketidakmampuan, Lion Air, PKPU.
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Plachynda, Tetiana, Roman Nevzorov, Liliya Baranovska, Pavlo Onypchenko, Ihor Bloshchynskyi, and Oleksandr Didenko. "Future Military Pilots’ Professional Competence Formation." Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala 12, no. 4 (2020): 357–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/rrem/12.4/350.
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The article foregrounds the need for future military pilots’ professional competence formation taking into consideration the growing amount of armed conflicts. The analysis of the literary sources indicates that scientists are interested in improving the professional training of future military pilots, but not enough attention is paid to the formation of professional competence of these specialists. Our research set a goal to experimentally test the singled out organizational and pedagogical conditions for future military pilots’ professional competence formation (interdisciplinary integration with the goal of future military pilots’ tactical thinking forming; the use of simulator-based training to practice different types of combat flights by future military pilots; making use of operational pilots’ experience and analysis of combat employment of aviation for the purpose of updating air-tactical knowledge and improving air-tactical training of future military pilots) whether they contribute to the effective formation of the abovementioned definition. The experiment involved 227 persons (undergraduate future military pilots (20–22 years old)), the experimental group consisted of 127 persons, the control group made 100 persons. These groups were qualitatively homogeneous at the initial stage of the experiment. The implementation of distinguished organizational and pedagogical conditions into the educational process of higher military educational institutions provided an opportunity to effectively shape the professional competence of future military pilots, which is confirmed by the methods of mathematical statistics. Thus, the conducted scientific search confirms the effectiveness of proposed conditions of future military pilots’ professional competence formation.
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Kampel-Furman, Liyona, Z. Joachims, H. Bar-Cohen, A. Grossman, Y. Frenkel-Nir, Y. Shapira, E. Alon, E. Carmon, and B. Gordon. "Hearing threshold shifts among military pilots of the Israeli Air Force." Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps 164, no. 1 (September 6, 2017): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jramc-2016-000758.
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BackgroundMilitary aviators are potentially at risk for developing noise-induced hearing loss. Whether ambient aircraft noise exposure causes hearing deficit beyond the changes attributed to natural ageing is debated. The aim of this research was to assess changes in hearing thresholds of Israeli Air Force (IAF) pilots over 20 years of military service and identify potential risk factors for hearing loss.MethodsA retrospective cohort analysis was conducted of pure-tone air conduction audiograms of pilots, from their recruitment at 18 years of age until the last documented medical check-up. Mean hearing thresholds were analysed in relation to age, total flight hours and aircraft platform. Comparisons were made to the hearing thresholds of air traffic controllers (ATCs) who were not exposed to the noise generated by aircraft while on duty.ResultsOne hundred and sixty-three pilots were included, with flying platforms ranging from fighter jets (n=54), combat helicopters (n=27), transport helicopters (n=52) and transport aircraft (n=30). These were compared with the results from 17 ATCs. A marked notch in the frequency range of 4–6 kHz was demonstrated in the mean audiograms of all platforms pilots, progressing with ageing. Hearing threshold shifts in relation to measurements at recruitment were first noted at the age of 30 years, particularly at 4 kHz (mean shift of 2.97 dB, p=0.001). There was no statistical association between flying variables and hearing thresholds adjusted for age by logistic regression analysis.ConclusionsThe audiometric profile of IAF pilots has a pattern compatible with noise exposure, as reflected by characteristic noise notch. However, no flight variable was associated with deterioration of hearing thresholds, and no significant difference from non-flying controls (ATCs) was seen.
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Bustamante-Sánchez, Álvaro, Pantelis T. Nikolaidis, and Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez. "Body Composition of Female Air Force Personnel: A Comparative Study of Aircrew, Airplane, and Helicopter Pilots." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 14 (July 15, 2022): 8640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148640.
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This research aimed to analyze the body composition (BC) of different groups of women aircrew units in the Spanish Air Forces for a better understanding and improvement of their operability. Specifically, 184 female aircrew members were analyzed and classified into specialties (38 airplane pilots, age: 32.8 ± 10.8; 26 helicopter pilots, age: 32.0 ± 9.18; and 120 transport aircrew, age: 36.9 ± 8.18). The women’s BC was analyzed with an InBody720 bioimpedance device previously used in the military population. There were differences in the BC among specialties, although there were similarities between airplane and helicopter pilots. Airplane (24.0% ± 10.4%) and helicopter pilots (22.6 ± 6.32%) had a smaller percentage of body fat mass than transport aircrew (26.3 ± 7.51%), but there was uniformity among groups in skeletal muscle mass and soft lean mass. We found no differences in body water among specialties. Differences in BCs were previously reported for men in the air force, and these results in women showed similarities for different job entry requirements, different training needs, and different occupational behaviors among units in the Air Force. These results help to deepen the previous knowledge of women’s BC standards in military units. Although pilots are primarily responsible for the aircraft, healthy habits should be encouraged to keep fit and improve the performance of all aircrew members both in flight and when they are deployed.
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Lutte, Rebecca K., and Russell W. Mills. "Collaborating to train the next generation of pilots: Exploring partnerships between higher education and the airline industry." Industry and Higher Education 33, no. 6 (September 23, 2019): 448–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950422219876472.
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The airline industry is experiencing a pilot supply problem that has dominated headlines across the world. Boeing estimates over 790,000 pilots are needed worldwide in the next 20 years to accommodate growth and staffing retirements. Regulatory reforms implemented in the aftermath of the crash of Colgan Air 3407 resulted in collegiate aviation programs playing a larger role in supplying pilots for the airlines. As a result of the fierce competition for pilots, airlines and higher education institutions (HEIs) have entered into a variety of partnership programs that develop career pathways for students while allowing carriers to secure talent earlier in the training process. Despite the proliferation of these programs, little is known about their structure, effectiveness, and potential challenges. The purpose of this research is to develop a framework of the types of partnerships that exist between HEIs and airlines for the purpose of addressing workforce development. Potential program benefits and challenges are examined from the perspective of HEIs. The methodology includes a review of existing programs and interviews with program coordinators. The research will provide new knowledge about the role of partnerships in meeting the needs of collegiate aviation programs.
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Raluca MAXIM, Ionela. "Conscientiousness and Altruism Impacting Supersonic Aircraft Fighter Pilots Performance." European Journal of Behavioral Sciences 2, no. 2 (March 24, 2020): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/ejbs.v2i2.148.
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Research demonstrated that personality traits of fighter pilots have impact on their performance. The prediction of supersonic fighter pilots performance and professional success can be made by assessment of the levels of personality traits of those individuals that are selected to practice this profession.
The present research examined if the personality traits (self-efficacy, orderliness, dutifulness and altruism) can predict the level of performance of the fighter pilots on supersonic aircraft, by using the “IPIP NEO” (International Personality Item Pool NEO) based on Big Five model and inter-evaluation method within group of supersonic fighter pilots. The results indicated that the high performance of supersonic aircraft fighter pilots can be predicted by high levels of above-mentioned personality traits and that there is a significant positive relation between those variables.
The great need for success, the desire to adapt, to overcome their limitations and to face the difficulties, allow pilots to exercise their profession with all the special requirements of missions and the challenges in air combat.
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Gillingham, Kent K. "The Spatial Disorientation Problem in the United States Air Force." Journal of Vestibular Research 2, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ves-1992-2404.
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Spatial disorientation (SD) in flight wastes hundreds of millions of dollars worth of defense capability annually and continues to kill aircrew. SD results primarily from inadequacies of human visual and vestibular sensory systems in the flying environment; but other factors, such as task saturation and distraction, precipitate it. The United States Air Force is conducting a three-pronged research and development effort to solve the SD problem. We are attempting 1) to elucidate further the mechanisms of visual and vestibular orientation and disorientation, 2) to develop ground-based and inflight training methods for demonstrating to pilots the potential for SD and the means of coping with it, and 3) to conceive and evaluate new ways to display flight control and performance information so that pilots can maintain accurate spatial orientation.
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Li, Yongjuan. "Organizational and interorganizational factors affecting safety in the Chinese civil aviation industry." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 47, no. 5 (May 7, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.3644.
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I aimed to identify organizational and interorganizational factors that affect flight safety, and to determine possible differences in organizational factors according to differences in organizational performance. I interviewed 28 pilots, 33 air traffic controllers, and 17 maintenance technicians, and used content analysis by coding to analyze the data. Results showed that (a) cluster analysis revealed 3 relevant organizational factors: information interface, technical management, and nontechnical management, with employees mostly concerned about the third factor; (b) pilots expected to be served by controllers, whereas controllers would like to be in control of their relationship with pilots; and (c) compared with maintenance technicians, pilots were particularly concerned with safety. Implications for safety research and management in the Chinese civil aviation industry are discussed.
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Barčan, Tomislav, Ljiljana Belošević, and Biserka Orehovec. "Protective effect of helmet gentex hgo-56/p on hearing loss among military helicopter pilots." Sigurnost 64, no. 1 (April 5, 2022): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31306/s.64.1.2.
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Aviation noise represents an important hazard for hearing loss among military pilots as they are continuously exposed to excessive noise during flight operations. Modern military aircraft, due to their maneuverability and tactical capabilities, require increasing engine power, while noise protection is limited only to the personal protective equipment which protects to a limited extent. Previous generations of helicopter pilots in the Croatian Air Force (CAF) used GSSH-A-18 headphones, whereas Gentex HGU-56/P helmets have been in use in CAF since 2004, primarily as mechanical protection for the head and secondarily to protect hearing. A study on hearing threshold measurements was performed on multi-purpose transport helicopter pilots who used headphones and helmets, respectively. The population of pilots who used GSSH-A-18 headphones had significantly higher hearing loss at higher frequencies, in the left ear, and in the speech area compared to the group using Gentex HGU-56/P helmets. The results of this study confirm the benefit of using of the Gentex HGU-56/P helmet to preserve the pilots’ hearing.
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Lewitowicz, Jerzy, and Stefan Rutkowski. "Research of the Reliability of an Air Combat Manoeuvere – Nosedive of a Jet Powered Aircraft / Badanie Niezawodności Lotniczego Manewru Bojowego – Lotu Nurkowego Samolotu Odrzutowego." Journal of KONBiN 31, no. 1 (December 1, 2014): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2014-0019.
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Abstract This paper considered a problem of: the reliability of performance of a nosedive of a jet powered aircraft in the context of the ability of pilots trained on a simulator to reliably accomplish a combat mission. For research purposes, the manoeuvre of attack of a target with the nosedive, which is most commonly used by the pilots performing flights on different types of modern aircrafts, and the basic manoeuvre during aircrew training, both basic and advanced were assumed. The research was conducted on a flight simulator.
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C.A. Prado, Malila, and Patricia Tosquil Lucks. "Designing the Radiotelephony Plain English Corpus (RTPEC): A specialized spoken English language corpus towards a description of aeronautical communications in non-routine situations." Research in Corpus Linguistics 7 (2019): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32714/ricl.07.06.
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Pilots and air traffic controllers need to undergo a specific English test in order to be granted a license for international operations. A language proficiency scale was developed to serve as a parameter to all aviation regulatory agencies throughout the world by targeting the language produced specifically by air traffic controllers and pilots in radio communications when non-routine situations (such as technical problems, bird strike, changes in weather, health problems on board, etc.) occur (ICAO 2010). However, there is a lack of empirical investigation which could shed light upon this particular register helping the users of the scale with its understanding. In an attempt to fill this gap, this paper outlines a compilation of the Radiotelephony Plain English Corpus (RPTEC), a spoken corpus of aeronautical communication consisting of transcriptions of exchanges between pilots and air traffic controllers in non-routine situations for research and pedagogical purposes. By presenting steps taken during the process, we intend to provide fellow researchers with data which may suit other purposes and yield further analyses, as well as enlighten similar investigations in the field of English for Specific Purposes.
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Ho, Nhut, Garrett G. Sadler, Lauren C. Hoffmann, Kevin Zemlicka, Joseph Lyons, William Fergueson, Casey Richardson, Artemio Cacanindin, Samantha Cals, and Mark Wilkins. "A Longitudinal Field Study of Auto-GCAS Acceptance and Trust: First-Year Results and Implications." Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making 11, no. 3 (March 27, 2017): 239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1555343417701019.
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In this paper we describe results from the first year of field study examining U.S. Air Force (USAF) F-16 pilots’ trust of the Automatic Ground Collision Avoidance System (Auto-GCAS). Using semistructured interviews focusing on opinion development and evolution, system transparency and understanding, the pilot–vehicle interface, stories and reputation, usability, and the impact on behavior, we identified factors positively and negatively influencing trust with data analysis methods based in grounded theory. Overall, Auto-GCAS is an effective life-/aircraft-saving technology and is generally well received and trusted appropriately, with trust evolving based on factors including having a healthy skepticism of the system, attributing system faults to hardware problems, and having trust informed by reliable performance (e.g., lives saved). Unanticipated findings included pilots reporting reputation to not be negatively affected by system activations and an interface anticipation cue having the potential to change operational flight behavior. We discuss emergent research avenues in areas of transparency and culture, and values of conducting trust research with operators of real-world systems having high levels of autonomy.
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Tang, Wei Zhen. "Gray Correlation Analysis of Human Factors for Unsafe Events in Air Traffic Control." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 1135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.1135.
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This thesis demonstrates a systematical analysis of factors resulting in unsafe events in air traffic control with gray correlation method. According to the case study of one ATM Bureau from 2004 to 2008, most of the human factors are attributed to communication problems between pilots and controllers. Therefore, this research is of great practical significance in improving and perfecting the safety management of air traffic control system.
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Avis, Tami, Robert Bor, and Carina Eriksen. "The Impact of Work on Pilots’ Personal Relationships." Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors 9, no. 1 (March 2019): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a000157.
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Abstract. This study investigates how pilots perceive the way in which their work and shift patterns may impact upon their personal relationships. It also examines the way in which pilots cope with frequently having to form and then put on hold relationships both at home and at work. Three hundred pilots were surveyed by questionnaire to examine the impact of working in the airline industry on personal relationships. Participants were recruited over a 4-year period between 2012 and 2016 on a university’s Master’s program in Air Transport Management. The qualitative data were analysed using thematic analysis (TA). The study found that that partner support was key in managing the demands of shift work and that having an understanding partner was the key to the relationship working. This study is representative of a single sample of mostly male pilots flying for more than 2 years. Future research may seek to use a more diverse sample.
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BP, Shashidhara, Chandra Sekaran, Yashpal Bhatia, Magesh Kumar, Binesh Kumar, and Hemanth Kumar. "Development of a Full Mission Simulator for Pilot Training of Fighter Aircraft." Defence Science Journal 68, no. 5 (September 12, 2018): 425–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.68.12235.
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With aircraft becoming more complex and avionics intensive and flight being almost autonomous based on waypoint navigation, software and displays becoming a significant component of the all glass cockpit of the modern day fighter aircraft, it is imperative that pilots are trained on missions using ground based full mission simulator (FMS) for routine flight as well as advanced missions. A flight simulator is as good as the real system only when it is able to mimic the physical system, both in terms of dynamics and layout so that the pilot gets the complete feel of the environment as encountered during actual sortie. The objective of this research paper is to provide a detailed insight into the various aspects of development of a FMS for pilot training with minimal maintenance operations for long hours of realistic flight training on ground. The approach followed by ADE in developing a FMS using a healthy mix of conventional flight simulation methodologies and novel approaches for various simulator sub-systems to tailor and meet the specific training needs, one presented. The FMS developed by ADE is presently being used by Indian Air Force for flight and mission critical training of squadron pilots.
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Tarnavska, Tetiana, Lilia Baranovska, Natalia Glushanytsia, and Serhii Yahodzinskyi. "The impact of psychological factor on the aircraft operation safety." E3S Web of Conferences 258 (2021): 02029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125802029.
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Awareness of the radio exchange problems and the robust skills of recognizing and eliminating errors in radio communication will help to free up time and attention for the pilot and air traffic controller (ATC) to efficiently carry out their main professional functions in any circumstances. It is vitally important for pilots and ATCs in stressful situations not to focus their attention on the foreign language interaction that is the activity that only accompanies their main job performance. Analysis of aircraft accident investigation reports shows that language-related accidents mostly have psychological nature. The authors suggest a range of mental and psychophysiological qualities that determine professional competence and reliability of pilots and ATC. They also identify the sources of neuropsychic stress in critical situation and the ways to overcome it. The research results enable to design a language training model based on the analysis of the last-minute records and aircraft accident and incident reports to be able to identify typical problems of radio exchange, fatal language errors which led or could lead to a disaster. The research is aimed at improving aircraft operation and eventually increasing flight safety.
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Kulik, Tomasz, Sławomir Dygnatowski, Kamil Przybysz, and Norbert Grzesik. "Perspective Assumptions of Pilot Training on Multi-Role Combat Aircraft in Poland." Journal of KONBiN 49, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 481–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jok-2019-0097.
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Abstract The article deals with the subject of diagnosing the current system of pilot training on multi-role aircraft in Poland. The authors pay particular attention to changes in its organization, arising from the compromise between technology, needs and funds on the part of the organizers. The recommended perspective changes in its organization in Poland result from the past three years of research in the Air Force University and institutions engaged in the discussed issues. The issues continue the research process handled in the dissertation [5], resulting from analyses and comparisons with world trends in this respect. The obtained findings suggest that it is essential to achieve the planned outcomes of training pilots on multi-role aircraft, at the same time reducing time and costs. It is linked to the introduction of modern aircraft or equipment supporting the process of pilot training.
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Irwin, William, and Terrence Kelly. "AIRLINE PILOT SITUATION AWARENESS: PRESENTING A CONCEPTUAL MODEL FOR META-COGNITION, REFLECTION AND EDUCATION." Aviation 25, no. 1 (April 16, 2021): 50–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/aviation.2021.14209.
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The dissertation research summarized here, utilized the Grounded Theory Method to develop a conceptual model of pilot situation awareness from 223 Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) narratives. The application of Latent Semantic Analysis aided the theoretical sampling of ASRS reports. A multistage model was developed involving attention, perception, interpretation, decision making, and action in support of goal-driven behavior. Narrative report coding identified several categories of situation awareness elements that pilots direct their attention to in building and maintaining situation awareness. Internal to the aircraft, flight crews directed their attention to the aircraft’s flight state and automation state. They also directed their attention to the condition of the aircraft, the functioning of the crew, and the status of the cabin. External to the aircraft, flight crews directed their attention to airport conditions, air traffic control, terrain, traffic, and weather. Pilots were also aware of the passage of time. Twelve characteristics of situation awareness were identified from narrative report coding which were subsequently compared with existing theoretical perspectives of situation awareness.
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Li, Wen-Chin. "The Investigation of Suitability of Aeronautical Decision-making Mnemonics in Tactical Environments." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 25 (September 2005): 2187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504902515.
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The purpose of this research was to evaluate the suitability of ADM mnemonics for training decision making in cadet pilots. Sixty instructor pilots and forty-seven cadet pilots in the Republic of China Air Force Academy participated. They assessed the suitability of five different ADM mnemonics (SHOR -Wohl, 1981; PASS -Maher, 1989; FOR-DEC -Hormann, 1995; SOAR -Oldaker, 1995; and DESIDE - Murray, 1997) in the 6 different basic types of decision-making situation described by Orasanu (1993). These included go/no go decisions; recognition-primed decisions; response selection decisions; resource management decisions; non-diagnostic procedural decisions, and problem-solving. The findings indicated that SHOR was regarded as the most suitable mnemonic for application in time-limited and critical, urgent situations and DESIDE was thought to be superior for knowledge-based decisions which needed more comprehensive consideration but were less time limited.
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Seung-Hwan, Shin. "A Research between G-test Result and Body Composition, Fitness, Grit in Air Force Pre-Pilots." Journal of the Korean society for Wellness 12, no. 2 (May 31, 2017): 329–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21097/ksw.2017.05.12.2.329.
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Moskalenko, Olena Ivanivna, Svitlana Mykolayivna Muravska, Oleksandr Vasyliovych Didenko, and Serhii Yakovych Biliavets. "Defining the Underlying Factors of Ukrainian Student Pilots’ Motivation to Learn Aviation English." Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala 11, no. 2 (June 3, 2019): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/rrem/125.
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Motivation plays an important role in language acquisition. The article highlights the necessity of student pilots’ motivation in learning English. The research sheds light on the underlying factors of motivation in learning aviation English. The concept “motivation” was analyzed in the article. The factors of influence on students’ motivation were grouped into three categories: how teacher’s activity influences the educational process; how students’ activity influences the educational process; how organization of the educational process influences quality of studying. The research focused on studying pilots’ motivation to learn aviation English. The participants of the experiment were 247 people, among them third- and fourth-year student pilots of the Flight Academy of the National Aviation University (Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine), third- and fourth-year student pilots of the Kharkiv Air Force University named after I. M. Kozhedub (Kharkiv,Ukraine), flight instructors and pilots of aviation company “URGA” (Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine). The reason behind this division was to test motivation, to define the key factors and motives of pilots’ motivation to learn aviation English at flight training institutions; to trace the dynamics of changes taking place in the training of students from the third to the fourth year of studying. Data were collected by giving student pilots open-ended questionnaires, which comprise 3 blocks of the underlying factors of motivation to learn aviation English. After that a statistical analysis was conducted which showed a variation in the results between the groups of respondents; it allowed to define a variety of factors influencing students’ motivation. Each factor was assessed on the 7-point evaluation scale. The number of points received for each factor was summed up and divided by the total number of respondents. The interpretation of received results has been presented in the paper.
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Kale, Utku, József Rohács, and Dániel Rohács. "Operators’ Load Monitoring and Management." Sensors 20, no. 17 (August 19, 2020): 4665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174665.
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Due to the introduction of highly automated vehicles and systems, the tasks of operators (drivers, pilots, air traffic controllers, production process managers) are in transition from “active control” to “passive monitoring” and “supervising”. As a result of this transition, the roles of task load and workload are decreasing while the role of the mental load is increasing, thereby the new type of loads might be defined as information load and communication load. This paper deals with operators’ load monitoring and management in highly automated systems. This research (i) introduces the changes in the role of operators and requirements in load management, (ii) defines the operators’ models, (iii) describes the possible application of sensors and their integration into the working environment of operators, and (iv) develops the load observation and management concept. There are some examples of analyses of measurements and the concept of validation is discussed. This paper mainly deals with operators, particularly pilots and air traffic controllers (ATCOs).
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Holland, Dwight A., and James E. Freeman. "A Ten-Year Overview of USAF F-16 Mishap Attributes from 1980–89." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 39, no. 1 (October 1995): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129503900108.
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The F-16 Falcon jet fighter is a marvel of engineering. Having been in operational United States Air Force service since approximately 1980, this fly-by-wire aircraft can climb vertically, sustain a 9-G turn without the loss of airspeed, and fly greater than the speed of sound. With such capabilities, this aircraft was originally designed and conceived of as a daylight air-to-air “dog-fighting” pilot's dream. As time has passed, the F-16 aircraft has been tasked with carrying out much more diverse missions than only day air-to-air combat. The aircraft and highly-trained pilots that fly it now accomplish additional missions such as day and night ground attack. An examination of ten years of USAF Safety Center accident data revealed that the F-16 aircraft had 59 Class A operational mishaps during this period. This was the highest number for any single-seat fighter-attack aircraft, and second only to the Aggressor's “Red Flag” F-5 per 100,000 hours of flight time (Class A Accident Rates: F-16 2.86 v. F-5 4.76). Incidentally, about 73% of the Royal Netherlands Air Force pilots reported that they were more susceptible to spatial disorientation and loss of situation awareness in the F-16 compared to other fighter aircraft that they had flown. After 11 years of operational experience, 21 of 210 of the Netherlands' F-16 aircraft were destroyed. A detailed examination of the USAF database revealed that a host of human factors issues are pertinent to the F-16 such as the loss of situation awareness, spatial disorientation, G-induced loss of consciousness, etc.; all of which contributed heavily to the accident rates cited for this aircraft. Additionally, cockpit design issues relatable to man-machine interfacing present human factors challenges to the pilot as well depending upon the mission scenario. The majority (53%) of F-16 accidents occurred during low-level or maneuvering flight. About 20% of the F-16 mishaps happened during the takeoff or landing phase of operations. Over 60% of the accidents were deemed by investigating officers to have “channelized attention” as a definite contributor to the mishap rate. Other human factors issues such as task oversaturation, distraction, and a variety of spatial disorientation problems contributed to many of the accidents also. Cockpit improvements, research, better training/awareness programs and Ground Collision Avoidance Devices (GCAS/PARS) are all suggested as methods to reduce future F-16 Falcon accident rates.
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Brooker, P. "Future air traffic management: strategy and control philosophy." Aeronautical Journal 107, no. 1076 (October 2003): 589–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000013804.
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Abstract The aim is to explore the philosophy of air traffic management with different strategic visions of the future: to answer the key question: ‘Who is to prevent mid-air collisions and how are they to accomplish this?’ The best strategic vision may just be the one that has the best match with the consensus on the desired strategic direction. Nevertheless, it must satisfy the main safety, financial, human performance etc. constraints. To explore the question, a blend of concepts from a range of disciplines has been used. These include risk analysis, financial decision-making, ‘cognitive engineering’ research and simple cybernetics. ‘full delegation’ – with pilots being responsible for all the tasks related to separation assurance – appears to meet most of the constraints. Some important issues for safety analyses of full delegation are sketched. Research into the nature and rate of future conflicts in a full delegation environment, using models of error processes, is crucial.
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Kim, Sungho, May Jorella Lazaro, Hyunki Jung, Myung Hwan Yun, and Yohan Kang. "Against the leans: Overcoming spatial disorientation through galvanic vestibular stimulation." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 65, no. 1 (September 2021): 1421–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181321651155.
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Leans illusion is a type of Spatial Disorientation (SD) that pilots often experience which can adversely affect flight performance. For pilots’ flight safety, research on how to effectively overcome SD such as leans illusion is important. The purpose of this study is to identify the overcoming effect of Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS) technology on leans illusion. Twenty-one Air Force pilots participated in a flight simulation experiment where leans illusion was induced through a specialized SD simulator. In the with-GVS condition, GVS was given during the roll-out phase. Data was analyzed using roll angle error and subjective SD scales by two conditions (with-GVS, without-GVS). Results showed that both the roll angle error and the subjective SD scale scores were found to be lower in the with-GVS condition than in the without-GVS condition. This study suggests that the use of GVS technology can potentially contribute in overcoming leans illusion.
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Borowik, Grzegorz, Monika Kożdoń-Dębecka, and Sebastian Strzelecki. "Mutable Observation Used by Television Drone Pilots: Efficiency of Aerial Filming Regarding the Quality of Completed Shots." Electronics 11, no. 23 (November 24, 2022): 3881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11233881.
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Drones, as mobile media of the present day, increase the operational and narrative capabilities of television and accelerate the logistics of shooting. Unmanned aerial vehicles with a camera properly steered by a pilot are able, to some extent, to replace a jimmy jib/crane and a dolly; basic technical devices, used in the studios, enabling the creation of narrative systems of pictures in film and television. Television is more and more often using drone footage to report events, broadcast live, as well as create coverage and television documentaries. In many productions, the pilot of the drone simultaneously acts as the drone camera operator, which can improve the effectiveness of shooting, but also carries some risks related to flight safety. The article describes and presents in the form of processed footage the real conditional ties of a Visual Line of Sight (VLOS) flight faced by pilots filming with a drone. VLOS is a type of air operation, which requires maintaining eye contact with the drone. In many countries, a drone visibility flight is legally sanctioned as VLOS Operation. An experiment was conducted to investigate the interactions between a human and a machine in airspace steered using a controller with a touchscreen. The drone pilot was considered an integral part of the drone’s flight system control Experimental data was collected with the use of a mobile eye-tracker, video cameras, surveys, and pilot declarations. During the experiment, eight television drone pilot operators recaptured a model shot under the regime of VLOS flight at low altitudes. They all show that both advanced and beginner pilots did not look at the UAV for over half the time of shot execution. The experiment allowed establishing two coefficients related to the effectiveness of a VLOS flight aiming at filming from the drone. The results point to clear differences in screen perception styles used by drone television pilots. The coefficients were described in the form of mathematical formulas and their limit values were determined. The research also determines the limits of pilots’ perception, within which they can film with a drone. The outcomes may help to optimize the process of aerial filming with the use of a drone, carried out for television, film, and other media, as well as in a simulation of such a flight for research and training. From the perspective of media science and social communication, the presented study included a technological component that can be accessed through information science, using statistical models and variable distributions. Media scholars can study the impact of the media without having to look into the metaphorical black box. Computer science opens up this possibility.
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Monk, Kevin J., Lisa Fern, R. Conrad Rorie, and Zachary Roberts. "Utility of Visual and Auditory Warning Alerting for Traffic Avoidance during UAS Operations." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 62, no. 1 (September 2018): 1515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1541931218621343.
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Minimum Operational Performance Standards (MOPS) are being developed to support the integration of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) in the National Airspace System (NAS). Input from subject matter experts and multiple research studies have informed display requirements for Detect-and-Avoid (DAA) systems aimed at supporting timely and appropriate pilot responses to collision hazards. DAA alerting is designed to inform pilots of potential threats to “DAA well clear”; the two highest alert levels – caution and warning – indicate how soon pilot action is required and whether there is adequate time to coordinate with the air traffic controller (ATC). Additional empirical support is needed to clarify the extent to which warning-level alerting impacts DAA task performance. The present study explores the differential effects of the auditory and visual cues provided by the DAA Warning alert, and performance implications compared to caution-only alerting are discussed.
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Lee, Kyoungsu, JungIn Lim, Jiyoung Park, and YoungWoo Sohn. "The relationship between task conflict, relationship conflict, team efficacy and task performance of Air Force Combat Flight Team." Korean Journal of Industrial and Organizational Psychology 30, no. 3 (August 31, 2017): 329–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.24230/kjiop.v30i3.329-355.
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The purpose of the present study was to investigate integrally the relationships among task conflict, relationship conflict, team efficacy, and task performance of the Air Force Combat Flight Team. Also, the study illustrated whether participative decision-making moderated the relationship between task conflict and team efficacy, and the relationship between relationship conflict and team efficacy. Surveys and supervisor-rating performance data of 284 combat flight teams of two Air Force fighter pilots were collected for assessing the aforementioned relationships. Analyzing through structural equation modeling, the results indicated that task conflict was negatively related to team efficacy and task performance. Relationship conflict was negatively related to team efficacy whereas they were positively related with task performance. Moreover, team efficacy mediated the relationship between task conflict and task performance, and the relationship between relationship conflict and task performance. Furthermore, participative decision-making moderated the relationships of task conflict and relationship conflict with team efficacy such that these negative relationships were stronger when wingman pilot’s perception toward leader pilot’s participative decision-making was low. We discuss the implications of these results, study limitations, and practical suggestions for future research.
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Brzozowski, Marek, Mariusz Pakowski, Mirosław Myszka, Mirosław Michalczewski, and Urszula Winiarska. "The Research of Modern Radar Equipment Conducted in the Air Force Institute of Technology by the Application of Military Aircrafts." Aviation Advances & Maintenance 40, no. 1 (August 1, 2017): 27–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/afit-2017-0002.
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Abstract The publication described selected issues from the research area of modern radar equipment produced by the Polish industrial plants, using military aircrafts of various types. A technical development caused a substantial improvement of detection parameters of flying objects by radar sensors what forces changes in research methods used to verify tactical and technical parameters of these devices. The article covers research methods of radar equipment, pilots’ assistive devices as well as methods of logging and processing the measurement data applied in the Research Laboratory for Radar Equipment and Aeronautical Engineering of the AFIT (pol. Laboratorium Badań Urządzeń Radarowych i Techniki Lotniczej ITWL).
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McLinton, Sarven S., Doug Drury, Shepard Masocha, Harry Savelsberg, Lucy Martin, and Kurt Lushington. "“Air rage”: A systematic review of research on disruptive airline passenger behaviour 1985-2020." Journal of Airline and Airport Management 10, no. 1 (June 29, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jairm.156.
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Purpose: Disruptive airline passenger behaviour (DAPB), i.e. “air rage”, has an adverse impact on crew and passenger well-being and is costly to manage and prevent. Given recent changes in airport management, aircraft design, air traffic volume and behavioural norms this review summaries research findings 1985-2020.Methodology: A systematic review of the research literature containing qualitative or quantitative data examining DAPB. Findings: Nineteen articles satisfied the criteria for inclusion. Most studies involved surveys of cabin crew members and to a lesser extent pilots, airline representatives, passengers and business customers. Content primarily focussed on the frequency and characteristics of DAPB, whilst consequences for staff and evaluation of training to manage DAPB was less represented. A paucity of current research was noted which is not in keeping with the changes over the last decade in the aviation industry and the increase in DAPB events.Originality: This study presents a summary of current findings on DAPB.Practical Implications: A better understanding of the environmental, social and psychological factors underlying DAPB and the effectiveness of staff training and interventions that promote a safe travel environment are required.Social Implications: The current industry trend toward sustainability and better management of security challenges must extend its focus to DAPB, in order to reverse the recent trend of social irresponsibility in air travellers.
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Vardi, Yoav. "“Glory is Not Enough”: Dual Careers in Israeli Air Force Families." Psychological Reports 70, no. 3 (June 1992): 851–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.70.3.851.
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139 wives of Israeli Air Force pilots completed questionnaires about their own career needs and experiences. It was expected that the respondents would “adhere” to the traditional two-persons one-career model in response to the demands set by the husbands' jobs; however, they tended to aspire for and exert effort toward a work career independent of that of their husbands. Specifically, (a) actual work experiences were positively related to subjective career experiences, (b) the more internal scoring was the person, the higher the career interest, and (c) external obstacles seemed to strengthen rather than weaken the person's career interests. Implications for research on women's career development and for management of dual careers are discussed.
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Shebilske, Wayne L., Jeffrey A. Jordan, Barry P. Goettl, and Leigh E. Paulus. "Observation versus Hands-on Practice of Complex Skills in Dyadic, Triadic, and Tetradic Training-Teams." Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 40, no. 4 (December 1998): 525–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/001872098779649319.
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We saved trainer time and resources by reducing hands-on practice in training-team protocols without reducing computer-based learning. During 1-h sessions, young adults learned Space Fortress, a video task that has been employed during pilot training. Observers (Experiment 1) learned more in 3 sessions than did test-only trainees. Individuals, dyads, triads, and tetrads (Experiment 2) learned in 3 sessions with no differences in learning or interaction between learning and protocol. Individuals, dyads, and tetrads (Experiment 3) learned in 10 sessions with no differences in learning or interaction between learning and protocol. As predicted by social learning theory, observational learning seems to compensate for hands-on practice efficiently and effectively. Applications of this research have been developed for computer-based group training of airline and air force pilots.
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Latorella, Kara A. "Effects of Modality on Interrupted Flight Deck Performance: Implications for Data Link." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 42, no. 1 (October 1998): 87–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129804200120.
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Externally-imposed tasks frequently interrupt ongoing task performance in the commercial flight deck. While normally managed without consequence, basic research as well as aviation accident and incident investigations show that interruptions can negatively affect performance and safety. This research investigates the influence of interruption and interrupted task modality on pilot performance in a simulated commercial flight deck. Fourteen current commercial airline pilots performed approach scenarios in a fixed-base flight simulator. Air traffic control instructions, conveyed either aurally or visually ( via a data link system) interrupted a visual task (obtaining information from the Flight Management System) and an auditory task (listening to the automated terminal information service recording). Some results confirm the hypothesized performance advantage of cross-modality conditions, more compelling nature of auditory interruptions, and interruption-resistance of auditory ongoing tasks. However, taken together, results suggest the four interaction conditions had different effects on pilot performance. These results have implications for the design of data link systems, and for facilitating interruption management through interface design, aiding, and training programs.
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Wasserman, Varda, Ilan Dayan, and Eyal Ben-Ari. "Upgraded Masculinity: A Gendered Analysis of the Debriefing in the Israeli Air Force." Gender & Society 32, no. 2 (January 7, 2018): 228–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0891243217750106.
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This article examines the importation of new gender ideals into a highly masculine organization through top-down and bottom-up processes. We analyze how a dominant group of men undo and redo gender to reproduce their supremacy and create a new, “improved” form of masculinity. Based on qualitative research on the practice of debriefing in the Israel Air Force, we explore how new practices of masculinity are incorporated into a hegemonic masculinity by introducing so-called “soft” organizational practices and thus constructing a new form of “upgraded” masculinity. We show that pilots are involved in two continual and dialectical processes of performing masculinity. The first includes top-down practices neutralizing opportunities to execute exaggerated masculine performances, including new technologies allowing recording and documenting of all flights, a safety discourse emphasizing the protection of human life, and organizational learning based on self- and group critiques aimed at improved performance. The second, a bottom-up process enacted by pilots, is aimed at restoring and mobilizing masculinity and includes rationalized professionalism, competitiveness, and patronizing. Taken together, these constitute a hybrid, “upgraded” masculinity where “soft” characteristics are appropriated by men to reinforce a privileged status and reproduce their dominance within and outside the military. Our case study focuses on the debriefing, a process in which air teams formally reflect on their performance after a particular task/event to improve it.
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Savelev, A. I. "Command-methodological competence of cadets-military pilots as a factor of flight safety." Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology 27, no. 4 (December 30, 2021): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-0445-2021-27-4-85-91.
Full textAbstract:
The military professional training of cadets-military pilots in a military aviation university is conditioned by the trends in the development of military education, its prompt response to the personnel needs of the troops. Aviation units need military pilots who are ready to fulfill the official duties of crew commanders, to solve the urgent task of ensuring flight safety. Training of flight personnel for military aviation does not fully take into account the need to form cadets' competencies as an aviation commander and teacher, which will contribute to ensuring flight safety and increasing the combat potential of aviation units and subunits. The article deals with the problem of flight safety as a factor affecting the national security of Russia, paying attention to the causes of accidents and pilot errors. In the course of the study, it was proved that the military-professional activity of cadets-military pilots is the process of solving professional tasks that ensure the combat readiness of aviation units while observing flight safety conditions. Based on the content analysis of the command and methodological professional tasks based on the activity approach, the leading role of the command-methodological activity has been established. The functional approach and the principle of identification made it possible to identify the functions of the leading command-methodological activity (military flight training and educational, organizational and managerial). Arguments are given regarding the development of cadets not only a set of abilities for command-methodological activity, but also professionally important qualities that integrate command-methodological competence. The structure of competence (motivational-value, cognitive, activity components) is determined taking into account the specifics (leading type of activity) and features (a set of command and methodological professional tasks) of military professional activity. The criteria for the formation of the components of the command-methodical competence (professional purposefulness, intellectual potential, professional responsibility) have been identified. The methodological basis of the pedagogical system for the formation of the command-methodical competence of cadets-military pilots was formed by the system-structural, personality-activity, functional, modular, adaptive, technological and competence-based approaches. The results of the experimental work carried out in the branch of Military Educational-Research Centre of Air Force Air Force Academy in Syzran confirmed the dependence of the cadets' readiness for flight safety activities on the formation of command-methodological competence.
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Blashko, Yu I. "Profesiini stresory v diialnosti pilotiv tsyvilnoi aviatsii [Professional stressors of civil aviation pilots’ activity]." International Journal of Education and Science 4, no. 2 (2021): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26697/ijes.2021.2.3.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Analysis of aviation accident investigations indicates that one of the main causes of accidents is a decrease in the level of stress resistance of the crew during extreme flight situations, which in turn can lead to a crash. The study of the problem of the negative impact of stressors on the effective operation of the flight crew, indicates that there is a need to form stress resistance in future pilots of civil aviation in the training process. This quality will reduce the threat to flight safety due to human error. Purpose: To characterize publications that actualize the issues of professional stressors in the activities of civil aviation pilots, because their activities are constantly accompanied by many specific stressors, most of which are long-term. Materials and Methods: In the process of research general scientific methods were used – abstract-logical, theoretical generalization, comparison, analysis and synthesis, system analysis. Results: The problem of the impact of stress on the professional activities of pilots is considered, which in modern conditions becomes especially relevant, because the number of air traffic is growing every year. The main four types of general stress that occur in professional flying, as well as the consequences it leads to, are analyzed. Groups of stressors acting on pilots during professional activity are considered and analyzed. An explanation of the psychological mechanisms (aggression, irritability, dogmatism and frustration) that may be involved in trying to cope with a stressful situation. Conclusions: The practical importance for further research in improving the training of future pilots of civil aviation to reduce the impact of the human factor on flight safety was substantiated, as evidenced by the direct impact of stressors on flight safety and the number of extreme flight situations.