Academic literature on the topic 'Air – Microbiologie'
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Journal articles on the topic "Air – Microbiologie"
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Squinazi, Fabien. "Microbiologic air contamination and building-associated illness." Aerobiologia 6, no. 1 (June 1990): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02539043.
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Ash, C. "MICROBIOLOGY: Getting Enough Air to Survive." Science 296, no. 5571 (May 17, 2002): 1203d—1203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.296.5571.1203d.
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Rahardhiman, Aryatama, Ririh Yudhastuti, and R. Azizah. "Microbiology Indoor Air Quality at Hospital During the Covid19 Pandemic." JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 12, no. 1si (September 30, 2020): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v12i1si.2020.89-92.
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Introduction: Covid19 was an acute respiratory disease with fever, cough, and out of breath as the symptoms. WHO reported that until June 21st 2020, there were 8,708,008 cases were confirmed with 461,715 number of death (CFR 5.3%). In Indonesia, there were 45,891 cases were confirmed with 2,465 number of death (CFR 37%). People who were most at risk were people who physically close contact with the Covid19 patient, including health workers. The purpose of this study was to know the microbiology indoor air quality of Covid19 patient at Hospital before and during the pandemic. Method: The study design of this research was observational cross sectional. The study was done at a Hospital in East Java on December 2019 – June 2020. The sample of this research was a ward’s air in a Hospital. The research variable was the number of microbiology, temperature, and humidity of the ward of Covid19 patient that was measured 3 different points of measurement each rooms. Result and Discussion: The result showed that the average of the number of microbiology before the pandemic was about 46.31 CFU/m3 with the average of the temperature was 27.64°C and the humidity was 44.58%, while during the pandemic the number of microbiology in the air increased to 64 CFU/m3 with the average of the temperature was 27.77°C and the humidity was about 42.46%. Based on the statistic analysis, there were differences between the numbers of the microbiology before and during the pandemic in the ward of Covid19 patients (p value 0.00). Conclusion: The result showed that the number of the microbiology was increased before and during the pandemic although it was still under the quality standard. Increasing of Covid19 patient was the probably reason of the increasing the number of the indoor air microbiology. It was recommended the hospital requires to control the air quality of the treatment room by regulating air ventilation.
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Pramaningsih, Vita, Rusdi, Slamet Isworo, and Ratna Yuliawati. "Indoor Air Quality of Physical and Microbiological in Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia." Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability 6, no. 1 (March 21, 2022): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.26554/ijems.2022.6.1.168-174.
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Indoor air quality is important for mental health and a comfortable environment inside the rooms. Poor indoor air quality has an impact to the sick building syndrome in occupants in the rooms. Physical and microbiological are factors that influence indoor air quality. The purpose of this study is to measure indoor air temperature, humidity, and microbiology in Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur in the morning and afternoon. The method used field measurement, microbiological laboratory analysis, and regression test by SPSS. High temperature and microbiology occur in the afternoon, humidity is not significant between morning and afternoon. Temperature and humidity were influenced by ventilation and the use of air conditioners in the rooms. Ventilation, the efficiency of air circulation, building type, maintenance of air conditioner, and occupant density are factors in getting clean and healthy indoor air quality to keep a comfortable environment. The statistical analysis resulted that temperature and humidity have not affected the indoor air microbiological increase.
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Fontana, Carla, Marco Favaro, and Cartesio Favalli. "How Liquid Based Microbiology Can Change the Workflow in the Microbiology Laboratories." Advances in Microbiology 03, no. 06 (2013): 504–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/aim.2013.36067.
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Harjanto, Sri, and Raharjo Raharjo. "Peran Laminar Air Flow Cabinet Dalam Uji Mikroorganisme Untuk Menunjang Keselamatan Kerja Mahasiswa Di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi." METANA 13, no. 2 (December 1, 2017): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/metana.v13i2.18016.
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Keamanan dan keselamatan kerja di lingkungan laboratorium sangat dibutuhkan , seperti di laboratorium mikrobiologi. Untuk menunjang hal tersebut di atas peran Laminar air flow cabinet dirasa sangat penting akan keberadaannya karena mempunyai tingkat keamana dan keselamatan bagi pemakai yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan jika kita masih menggunakan peralatan sederhana seperti inkas. Lebih –lebih untuk penanganan bakteri yang bersifat patogen. Di laboratorium mikrobiologi ini melayani mahasiswa yang mengambil mata kuliah praktikum pendidikan juga mahasiswa yang sedang menyelesaikan penelitian Tugas Akhir. Dengan Laminar air flow cabinet ini didukung kedisiplinan serta bekerja sesuai peraturan tata tertib yang ada diharapkan bisa membantu menyelesaikan tugas dan bisa memberikan perlindungan serta rasa aman bagi mahasiswa tersebut. The role of laminar air flow cabinet in the test of microorganism to presurve work safetyin student microbiology laboratory Safety and safety in the laboratory environment is needed, as in the microbiology laboratory. To support the above, the role of Laminar air flow cabinet feels very important to its existence because it has a level of security and safety for users who are higher than if we still use simple equipment such as inkas. More-for the handling of bacteria that are pathogenic. In this microbiology laboratory serves students who take courses of educational practicum as well as students who are completing research Final Assignment. With Laminar air flow cabinet is supported by discipline and work according to existing rules of order are expected to help complete the task and can provide protection and a sense of security for the student.
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Rosmiaty, Rosmiaty, Andy Mizwar, Rizmi Yunita, and Erma Agusliani. "Kajian Laik Fisik Sanitasi Dan Kualitas Mikrobiologis Depot Air Minum (DAM) Dibawah Program Pembinaan Dan Pengawasan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara." EnviroScienteae 15, no. 1 (April 29, 2019): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/es.v15i1.6333.
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Determining category of physical appropriateness of DWS under health office development and controlling program of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, Determining Microbiology quality of DWA under health office development and controlling program of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, analyzing the correlation of physical appropriateness and microbiology quality if DWS under health office development and controlling program of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. This is a quantitative study using cross-sectional research design in which the research was conducted in a certain period of time, the location of research was in 10 service area of the public health center in 9 subdistricts under health office development and controlling program of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. It was found that 30 DWS (Drinking Water Storehouse) is under health office development and controlling program of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, DWS which categorized as physically not Appropriate (TLF) was 20 DWS (66,7%) and categorized as physically appropriate (LF) was 10 DWS (33,3%). Microbiology quality of Balangan, Tabalong, Negara, Tangkawang and Rantau Bujur Darat River were excess the standard of quality of class I intended for the drinking water source. Microbiology quality of water source (PDAM) from 30 samples, it was found that 14 samples (46,7%) contained Coliform and E. coli, there were 2 samples (6,7%) contained only Coliform. Quality of microbiology and water product of 30 DWS, it was found that 2 DWS contained Coliform, all water of DWS production did not contain E.coli. Statistical test of the correlation of physical appropriateness and microbiology quality of river water cannot be conducted because all samples have the same category which is TMS so that there was no difference in result data of category determination. There was no significant difference between physical appropriateness with microbiology quality of Coliform (p=0,260) and E.coli (p = 0,235) raw water of DWS. There was no significant correlation of physical appropriateness with microbiology quality of Coliform (p = 0,540) water product of DWS, meanwhile for statistical test for correlation of physical appropriateness and microbiology quality of E.coli of water product cannot be conducted because there was no difference in result data of category determination so that all samples has the same category.
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Rositasari, Dianori, Azizah R, Soedjajadi Keman, Mahmudah, Izmi Dwira Eriani, and Sri Rochana. "ANALYSIS OF MICROBIOLOGY QUALITY OF SURGICAL ROOM AIR BASED ON HOSPITAL TYPE AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH IN EAST JAVA ON 2019." International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 24, no. 04 (February 29, 2020): 1230–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37200/ijpr/v24i4/pr201094.
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Pamungkas, Oktofa Setia, Henny Ayu Nirwala, and Dina Mala Pardede. "Microbiology Factor Measurement as Indoor Air Quality Parameter in Public Space." BIOEDUKASI 17, no. 2 (October 7, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/bioedu.v17i2.14482.
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Nearly 90% of people spend their time in both private and public indoor spaces. Bank is one of the public indoor spaces accessible to the community, as well as a place for some workers spending time every day. This study was conducted in 6 banking sectors in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, focusing on the existence of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi/mold. The purpose was to investigate the number of microorganisms, both bacteria and fungi, contained in indoor areas of several bank offices in Samarinda. The results showed that the number of bacteria and fungi at several sampling points in 6 offices were above the standard of Permenaker RI No. 5 the year of 2018 and Permenkes RI No. 48 the year of 2016, i.e.,>700 cfu/m3 for bacteria and >1000 cfu/m3 for fungi.
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Hidayah, Euis Nurul, Okik Hendriyanto Cahyonugroho, and Gabriela Veronica. "SOSIALISASI PENANGANAN KEGAGALAN RESIKO PENGOLAHAN AIR MINUM ISI ULANG DI KECAMATAN GUNUNG ANYAR SURABAYA." SELAPARANG Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan 3, no. 2 (May 10, 2020): 156. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/jpmb.v3i2.2053.
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ABSTRAKAdanya peluang bagi banyak industri untuk membuka depot air minum isi ulang (DAMIU), khususnya di Kecamatan Gunung Anyar, Surabaya. Isu yang muncul saat ini adalah rendahnya jaminan kualitas terhadap air minum isi ulang (AMIU) yang dihasilkan DAMIU. Jumlah koliform yang semakin besar menunjukkan kemungkinan bakteri patogen yang hidup di air yang terkontaminasi pencemaran. Meninjau permasalahan tersebut, maka kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk menginformasikan kepada pengusaha DAMIU di Kecamatan Gunung Anyar tentang hasil pendataan teknologi pengolahan AMIU yang digunakan, menginformasikan hasil kualitas AMIU dari masing-masing DAMIU, menginformasikan risiko penyebab yang mempengaruhi kualitas AMIU dan memberikan rekomendasi upaya mengurangi risiko kegagalan produksi AMIU kepada pengusaha DAMIU. Sejumlah DAMIU menggunakan teknologi sinar UV sebesar 16 depot, teknologi sinar UV-Ozone sebesar 5 depot, teknologi RO sebesar 1 depot, sedangkan terdapat 1 depot tidak menggunakan teknologi desinfeksi. Analisa dari kegagalan kualitas air minum isi ulang pada parameter mikrobiologis (total koliform dan Eschericia coli). Risiko penyebabnya adalah karena sumber daya manusia, sumber air baku, metode, sarana dan prasaran, pengawasan dan evaluasi. Oleh karena itu perlu diberikan rekomendasi untuk mengurangi risiko kegagalan parameter mikrobiologis melalui waktu kontak UV atau Ozon minimal 4 menit, monitoring rutin perawatan unit pengolahan, menyusun standar operasional prosedur. Kata kunci: air minum isi ulang; risiko; eschericia coli; total koliform; desinfeksi ABSTRACTThere are opportunities for many industries to open refill drinking water stores (RDWS), especially in Gunung Anyar District, Surabaya. Some issues have been arised recently, such as issue of low quality assurance of drinking water produced by RDWS. The greater number of coliforms indicates the possibility of pathogenic bacteria that live in contaminated water. Reviewing these problems, community service activities were carried out with the aim of informing to RDWS owner in Gunung Anyar District about the results of data collection on RDW processing technology used, informing the results of RDW quality from each RDWS, informing the risk of causes affecting RDW quality and providing recommendations to reduce the failurd risk of RDW production to RDWS owner. Regarding disinfection technology, about 16 stores applied ultraviolet technology, UV-Ozone was used by stores, and the remain used RO technolog. Analysis of the failure of refill drinking water quality on microbiology parameters (total coliform and Eschericia coli). Those risk were arised due to human resources, raw water sources, methods, facilities and infrastructure, monitoring and evaluation. Therefore it is necessary to provide recommendations to reduce the risk of failure of microbiologyl parameters through UV or Ozone contact time of at least 4 minutes, routine monitoring of treatment units, preparing procedure operational standard. Keywords: refill drinking water; risk; eschericia coli; total coliform; disinfection
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Air – Microbiologie"
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Terdjman, Muriel. "Etude de la contamination microbiologique de l'air comprimé à usage médical obtenu à partir d'une centrale de production." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P202.
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Duquette-Lozeau, Karine. "Qualité microbiologique de l'air et de la litière de fumier recyclé en production laitière." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37632.
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La litière de fumier recyclé (LFR) (séparation du fumier et fraction solide remise sous les animaux) est de plus en plus utilisée dans l’industrie laitière au Québec. Pourtant, les risques reliés à son utilisation sur la santé humaine sont méconnus. La présente étude tente donc d’identifier la meilleure méthode de compostage de la LFR quant à la qualité de l’air dans les fermes laitières. Quatre méthodes de compostage du solide ont été testées : SW) statique; TW) retourné quotidiennement; DC24) statique après 24 h dans un composteur rotatif; et DC72) statique après 72 h dans un composteur rotatif. Des échantillons d’air ont été prélevés aux jours 0, 5, 10 à l’aide d’un échantillonneur liquide et d’un autre sur filtre. Les poussières ont été mesurées par compteur optique de particules. Les microorganismes ont été analysés par culture (bactéries et moisissures mésophiles, moisissures thermotolérantes) ou par qPCR pour les bactéries totales et Penicillium/Aspergillus, ainsi que plusieurs agents pathogènes et un gène de résistance aux carbapénèmes. Au jour 0, les poussières et les moisissures mésophiles sont inférieures pour SW, TW et DC24. Les bactéries totales sont plus faibles pour SW et TW et Penicilium/Aspergillus pour DC24. Au jour 5, les poussières sont inférieures pour DC24 et DC72, alors que les moisissures mésophiles, bactéries totales et Penicillium/Aspergillus sont en plus faibles concentrations pour SW et TW. Au jour 10, les poussières et Penicillium/Aspergillus sont plus faibles pour SW et TW, les bactéries totales pour DC72 et les résultats ne diffèrent pas pour les moisissures mésophiles. Pour les trois journées d’échantillonnage, SW a des concentrations inférieures à DC72 en bactéries mésophiles. Aucun des résultats de moisissures thermotolérantes ni d’endotoxines ne diffère et aucun des agents pathogènes ni le gène de résistance n’a été détecté par qPCR. Les traitements SW et TW semblent représenter les meilleurs choix quant à la qualité de l’air.Recycled manure solids (RMS) (solid-liquid separation f fresh manure where the solid fraction is used as bedding) gain rising interest in Quebec’s dairy industry. However, RMS use’s associated risks on human and animal health are unknown. This study tried to identify the best composting method regarding to air quality in dairy barns. Four composting methods were tested: SW) static, TW) daily turned, DC24) static after 24 h in a drum composter and DC72) static after 72 h in a drum composter. Air sampling were done with a liquid sampler and a filter sampler at days 0, 5 and 10. Dust concentrations were measured by an optical particle counter. Microorganisms were analysed by culture (mesophilic bacteria and fungi, thermotolerant fungi) or by qPCR for total bacteria (16s rDNA) and Penicillium/Aspergillus (ITS1), as well for several pathogenic agents and a carbapeneme resistance gene (KPC). At day 0 and 5, SW, TW and DC24 lead to the lowest concentrations for dust and mesophilic fungi. Total bacteria were lower for SW and TW, while Penicillium/Aspergillus were lower for DC24. At day 5, DC24 and DC72 lead to the lowest concentrations for dust, while SW and TW lead to lower concentrations for mesophilic fungi, total bacteria and Penicillium/Aspergillus. At day 10, dust and Penicillium/Aspergillus were lower for SW and TW, while total bacteria were lower for DC72 and no mesophilic fungi did not differ. For the three sampling days, SW lead to lower concentration of mesophilic bacteria than DC72. No thermotolerant fungi or endotoxins results differ and no pathogenic agent or the carbapenem resistance gene were detected by qPCR. Thus, SW and TW seem to be the methods to privilege regarding air quality in dairy barns.
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Hidalgo, Hélène. "Qualité microbiologique de l'air et systèmes de climatisation : étude de la flore bactérienne et fongique et influence des caractéristiques de l'installation." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE18006.
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Lemieux, Joanie. "Validation d'échantillonneurs d'air et biais sur la diversité." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/36720.
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Différents types d’échantillonneurs d’air existent pour récolter les bioaérosols. Ils ont tous leurs avantages et leurs inconvénients, mais de ces types, un en particulier est susceptible d’introduire des biais dans le traitement et l’analyse des résultats. Les échantillonneurs de type liquide voient une portion de leur liquide d’échantillonnage s’évaporer pendant leur fonctionnement, ce qui favoriserait la perte de bioaérosols par ré-aérosolisation ou leur concentration dans le liquide. Peu de connaissances sont acquises sur la ré-aérosolisation, la concentration et leurs effets sur les résultats. Cette étude avait pour but de documenter comment l’évaporation du liquide de collecte impacte l’échantillonnage de l’air. Des expérimentations in vitro, où les récipients de collection de deux échantillonneurs liquides (Coriolisμ® et BioSampler®) étaient inoculés avec des consortiums bactériens connus, ont permis de conclure que la ré-aérosolisation et la concentration des bactéries sont des phénomènes complexes. En effet, ils sont difficilement prédictibles et semblent influencés par l’évaporation, le genre bactérien, l’hydrophobicité de la membrane bactérienne, l’interaction avec les autres bactéries, la composition du liquide de collection, le débit et le mécanisme de capture de l’échantillonneur. De plus, des expérimentations en milieu naturel ont permis de comparer la diversité récoltée par les échantillonneurs de type liquide et de type filtre, par méthodes de séquençage à haut débit. Une des particularités de cette étude était qu’une cassette contenant un filtre était branchée à la sortie d’air du BioSampler® pour récolter les bactéries ré-aérosolisées pendant l’échantillonnage. Plusieurs genres bactériens sont totalement ré-aérosolisés du récipient de collection du BioSampler®. Plus de la moitié des genres bactériens récoltés par le Coriolisμ® diffèrent de ceux du BioSampler®, et inversement. Les échantillonneurs filtres ont tous deux récolté une diversité bactérienne très similaire. Ces résultats constituent un apport important au domaine scientifique puisqu’ils prouvent les biais potentiels induits par les échantillonneurs de type liquide.Different types of air samplers are available to harvest bioaerosols. They all have their advantages and disadvantages, but of these types, one in particular is likely to introduce bias in the treatment and analysis of the results. Liquid-based samplers see a portion of their collection fluid evaporate during operation, which would favor either the loss of bioaerosols by re-aerosolization or their concentration in the fluid. Very little knowledge is known about re-aerosolization, concentration and their effects on results. The main purpose of this study was to document how the evaporation of the collection fluid impacts air sampling. In vitro experiments, in which collection vessels from two liquid samplers (Coriolisμ® and BioSampler®) were inoculated with known bacterial consortia, concluded that reaerosolization and concentration are complex phenomena. Indeed, they are difficult to predict and seem influenced by evaporation, the bacterial genus, the hydrophobicity of the bacterial membrane, the interaction with other bacteria, the composition of the collection fluid, the flow and capture mechanism of the sampler. In addition, experiments in a natural environment have made it possible to compare the diversity harvested by the liquid-based and filter-based samplers by high throughput sequencing methods. One of the peculiarities of this study was that a cassette containing a filter was connected to the BioSampler® air outlet to collect the re-aerosolized bacteria during sampling. The results are unequivocal, several bacterial genera are totally re-aerosolized from the BioSampler® collection vessel. More than half of the bacterial genera harvested by the Coriolisμ® differ from those of the BioSampler®, and vice versa. The filter samplers both harvested a similar bacterial diversity. These results are an important contribution to the scientific field since they prove the biases induced by liquid type samplers.
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Nieguitsila, Adélaïde. "Evaluation de l'aérocontamination fongique dans les environnements intérieurs." Thesis, Paris Est, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PEST0076/document.
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Le contrôle de l'aérocontamination fongique est devenu un objectif majeur pour préserver la santé humaine et animale. L'évaluation de l'aérocontamination fongique fait classiquement appel aux techniques de mise en culture ou de dosage de composants fongiques présents dans l'air. Ces techniques présentent des inconvénients. C'est la raison pour laquelle, nous nous sommes fixés comme objectif de mettre au point des méthodes d'analyse alternatives utilisant des outils de biologie moléculaire. Dans un premier temps, nous avons comparé plusieurs techniques de prélèvements d'air dans des environnements intérieurs présentant une contamination plus ou moins élevée. Nous avons, par la suite, optimisé les conditions d'extraction de l'ADN fongique à partir de prélèvements d'air. L'ADN extrait a été amplifié par PCR à semi-nichée ? avec des amorces universelles permettant d'amplifier une partie de l'ARNr 18S de champignons. Par la suite, nous avons utilisé la TTGE (Temporal Temperature Gradient Electrophoresis) et la D-HPLC (Denaturing High Performance Liquid Chromatography) pour séparer les amplificats. Chaque produit de PCR a été identifié par séquençage direct après purification. La comparaison des espèces identifiées par ces techniques avec celles qui sont obtenues par la méthode classique (culture) apporte de meilleurs renseignements sur la qualité fongique d'un même prélèvement d'air. L'application de ces techniques dans des environnements à diff'rents niveaux de contamination a permis de déduire que l'étude de l'évaluation de l'aérocontamination fongique se fait par l'association de la culture et des méthodes moléculairesFungal spores represent a significant part of the biological contaminants that could be detected in air. Exposure to fungi has been associated with several types of human or animal health problems (mycosis, allergy, mycotoxicosis). To evaluate the relationship between airborne fungi potential and adverse health effect, the fungal types and their relative frequencies in air need to be investigated. Traditional methods for fungal identification (culture and microscopy analysis) are laborious, time-consuming and require expertise. To replace cultivation, several techniques have been proposed. This study showed that molecular techniques (PCR-TTGE or Temporal Temperature Gradient Electrophoresis and PCR-DHPLC or Denaturing High Performance Liquid Chromatography) allowed the separation of amplificons corresponding to distinct fungal species that may be encountered in air. Both methods were proved to be appropriate for analysis of complex fungal communities. The detection and the molecular identification techniques were adapted for the evaluation of indoor airborne fungal contamination. The cultivation method and culture-independent techniques were further compared for the analysis of fungal aerosols from different sites
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Nait, Chabane Yassine. "Caractérisation de biofilms à l'interface air-liquide formés par Acinetobacter baumanii." Rouen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ROUES022.
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Acinetobacter baumannii est une bactérie opportuniste responsable à l’heure actuelle, de véritables épidémies d’infections nosocomiales à travers le monde. Cette émergence pourrait être due à deux facteurs majeurs remettant en cause son éradication : d’une part, l’apparition de souches multirésitantes aux antibiotiques. D’autre part, la résistance d’A. Baumannii aux produits antiseptiques, associée à une survie prolongée en milieu hospitalier sur les surfaces sèches et sur le matériel médical. Cette persistance pourrait trouver son origine dans la formation de biofilms par cet agent bactérien, en particulier à l'interface air-liquide (pellicules). Précisons que cette caractéristique n’est retrouvée que pour les espèces du genre Acinetobacter présentes à l’hôpital. Dans cette étude nous nous sommes intéressés à ce type de biofilm particulier. Dans un premier temps, nous avons classé les pellicules de 26 isolats cliniques d’A. Baumannii en 3 morphogroupes: i) morphotype oeufs (23%), ii) morphotype boules (50%), iii) morphotype canaux (27%). Les observations en microscopie à l’angle de Brewster et l’évaluation de l’hydrophobicité relative de ces souches ont montré qu’A. Baumannii colonise directement l’interface air liquide et ne requière pas de support solide. L’analyse des glucides totaux de la matrice a montré 3 principaux composants glucose, GlcNac et Kdo. La composition de la matrice des groupes I et III est proche notamment en glucose comme composant principal, alors que au sein du groupe II, c’est le GlcNac qui est majoritaire. Par ailleurs, nous avons identifié trois pilines associées à la matrice: i) CsuaA/B, la sous-unité la plus abondante dans les 3 morphogroupes ce qui confirme l'implication du système pili Csu de type I dans le développement pellicule, ii) la protéine ABYAL1779 appartenant un système chaperonne usher (CU), qui présente 45% d’homologie avec la piline principal F17-A des pili F17chez Escherichia coli entérotoxinogènes, enfin iii) la piline ABYAL2525 d'un deuxième opéron CU bien conservé dans les espèces du complexe ACB. Dans un second temps, nous avons réalisé une analyse protéomique par approche bidimensionnelle afin de déterminer les protéines membranaires fortement impliquées dans la formation de la pellicule. Nous avons comparé le protéome de la souche A. Baumannii A077 (groupe I) cultivée à l’état planctonique et en mode pellicule. Sur 52 spots identifiés, nous avons classé les protéines surexprimées à l'état pellicule en 4 groupes fonctionnels majeurs et constituent de potentiels facteurs de virulence : 3 systèmes d’acquisition et de transport de fer, 3 porines spécifiques, des protéines impliquées dans le métabolisme et le transport de lipides, enfin des protéines appartenant à 3 systèmes de pili dont deux ont été déjà identifié dans la première partie. Enfin, dans le but de lutter contre l’établissement de ces pellicules, nous nous sommes intéressés plus particulièrement aux cibles thérapeutiques que peuvent représenter les pili. Dans cette optique, nous avons testé l'effet d'une molécule pilicide, la virstatine sur la formation de biofilm chez A. Baumannii en mode statique en inhibition et en dispersion puis en mode dynamique en système bioflux. La production de biofilm est diminuée de 38% à 100μM chez A. Baumannii ATCC17978. Nous avons aussi montré que la virstatine agit sur plus de 70% d’isolats cliniques et qu’elle reste active sur la formation de biofilms en mode dynamique. Les résultats de cette étude nous ont permis de mieux comprendre les mécanismes mis en place par A. Baumannii pour former la pellicule. Nous pouvons, par ailleurs, suggérer une relation
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Ledoux-Henebel, Corinne. "Surveillance de la qualité microbiologique de l'air dans les lieux publics et l'hôpital." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05P014.
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Ambroise, Denis. "Influence de la variabilité de la mesure des bactéries de l'air sur l'évaluation du risque infectieux : exemple de la légionellose." Nancy 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN10008.
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En prenant l'exemple de la légionellose, ce travail pose les bases d'une démarche d'évaluation quantitative du risque infectieux bactérien par inhalation. Deux scenarii ont été étudiés : l'exposition à l'occasion d'une douche et lors d'une activité à l'extérieur à proximité d'une tour aéroréfrigérante. Des facteurs de sensibilité des sujets à la légionellose tels que le sexe, l'âge et le tabagisme ont été pris en compte. Une relation dose-effet, établie à partir d'une étude réalisée chez l'animal, a été retenue pour la caractérisation des dangers. La quantification du risque a été menée par une approche probabiliste utilisant la méthode de simulation de Monte Carlo. Les résultats obtenus montrent qu'un risque annuel de 10-5 correspond à des concentrations en "Legionella pneumophila" dans l'air de l'ordre de 2 UFC. M-3 dans le cas des douches et 0,02 UFC. M-3 dans celui des tours. En dessous de 100 UFC. M-3, la prise en compte de la variabilité de la mesure de l'exposition diminue d'autant plus l'estimation du risque que la concentration en agents dans l'air est faibleThe aim of our study was to develop a quantitative microbiological risk assessment involving the respiratory pathway. We chose the example of Legionnaires'disease, on the basis of two types of exposure : when taking a shower and being outside in the vicinity of a cooling tower. We collected suitable data in international scientific literature, which allowed us to integrate individual susceptibility factors such as sex, age or smoking habits in our calculations. We established a dose-response relationship by fitting the results of an animal exposure experiment to different models used in microbiological foodborne or waterborne risk assesment. We used a probabilistic approach based on Monte Carlo simulations for risk characterization. "Legionella" concentrations of 2 CFU. M-3 in the air near showers and 0,02 CFU. M-3 near cooling towers amount to an annual risk estimate of 10-5. Taking the exposure measurement variability into account does not change our risk estimation for concentrations above 100 CFU. M-3, but it decreases for lowest ones, which probably are more frequently encountered in the case of "Legionella" exposure
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Gendron, Louis. "The use of fluorescent bacteriophages to study viroaerosol characteristics." Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30227/30227.pdf.
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Pour bien comprendre et contrôler les aérosols contenant des virus (viroaérosol), un modèle de laboratoire approprié est requis. Pour cette étude, trois bactériophages : P008 couplé au SYBR Gold, PP01 exprimant la GFP et ʎ exprimant la EYFP ont été comparés entre eux et à des microsphères fluorescentes non-biologiques pour leur potentiel en tant que modèle de laboratoire en aérovirologie. Les modèles viraux ont été aérosolisés à partir d’un tampon de phage en utilisant un nébuliseur de TSI (modèle 9301) connecté à une chambre d’aérosols. La taille aérodynamique des aérosols ainsi que leur distribution ont été déterminées à l’aide d’un spectromètre de particules aérodynamique (APS, TSI modèle 3321). Les échantillons de viroaérosols ont été capturés à l’aide d’un impacteur Andersen à six étages contenant soit du tampon de phage à l’intérieur des plaques de chaque étage ou un milieu solide (agar à 1.5%). Les techniques des plages de lyse, du qPCR et la microscopie à fluorescence ont été utilisées pour quantifier les virus récupérés sur les étages de l’impacteur. La microscopie à fluorescence a aussi été utilisée pour quantifier et analyser les modèles viraux sur des particules seules et sur milieu solide. L’ADN viral, des plages de lyse ainsi que des particules fluorescentes ont été observées sur les étages 3 à 6 de l’échantillonneur ce qui corrélait avec les données obtenues par l’APS. La microscopie à fluorescence a permis de visualiser les modèles viraux sur ou à l’intérieur des particules d’aérosols. Ces résultats confirment que les virus peuvent être présents dans l’atmosphère sous forme d’aérosol dont la dimension est bien plus grande que celle de leur propre taille, et que les virus en aérosol peuvent être quantifiés et observés en utilisant la microscopie à fluorescence. L’ensemble de ces résultats suggèrent qu’un bactériophage fluorescent serait un excellent modèle de laboratoire pour étudier le comportement des virus dans l’air.In order to understand and control virus aerosols (viroaerosols), an appropriate laboratory model is required. In this study, fluorescent bacteriophages P008 coupled to SYBR Gold, PP01 expressing GFP and ʎ expressing EYFP were compared to non-biological fluorescent microspheres for their potential as viral models in aerovirology. The test viruses were aerosolized in phage buffer using TSI’s 9301 model atomizer attached to a commercially available aerosol chamber. The aerodynamic particle size distribution of the viroaerosols was determined with an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS, TSI’s 3321 model). Samples were collected with a Sixstage Andersen impactor loaded with Petri dishes containing either phage buffer or a solid 1.5% agar medium. Plaque assays, qPCR and fluorescence microscopy were used to quantify the virus load on each stage of the impactor. Fluorescence microscopy was also used to quantify and analyze single aerosol particles in liquid or solid media. Viral DNA, infectious particles and fluorescent particles were detected on stages 3 to 6 of the sampler and correlated with the aerodynamic particle distribution. Fluorescence microscopy permitted visualization of viruses on or encapsulated inside aerosol particles and on a solid medium. These results confirm that viruses may be present in the atmosphere as aerosols, which are much larger than their own particle size, and that viruses could be visualized and quantified in aerosols using fluorescence microscopy. These findings suggest that a fluorescence-expressing bacteriophage would be an excellent laboratory model for the study of viruses in aerosols.
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Signour, Thomas. "Extraction de signatures de bactéries par microspectroscopie Raman et chimiométrie : application à l’étude de la composition biologique des aérosols dans l’environnement." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10152.
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Depuis plusieurs années, l’étude et le contrôle de la qualité de l’air sont au cœur de toutes les préoccupations. En 2012, la DGA (Direction Générale de l’Armement) met en place le programme ASTRID (Accompagnement Spécifique des Travaux de Recherches et d’Innovation Défense) accompagnant les travaux de recherche duale civile et militaire. Cette thèse s’inscrit dans cette démarche et propose d’étudier la faisabilité du concept de détection et d’identification rapides des microorganismes présents dans un échantillon d’air par microspectroscopie Raman, avec une résolution au niveau de l’espèce. Pour cela, nous construisons un modèle chimiométrique de classification des microorganismes représentatifs de la biodiversité naturelle en acquérant, sans a priori, d’une part les spectres Raman de ces microorganismes après biocollecte et étalement sur la lame d’un microspectromètre Raman, et d’autre part les séquences génomiques codant les ARN 16S de ces mêmes microorganismes.Les travaux de recherche présentés dans cette thèse présentent donc les différentes études mises en œuvre lors du développement d’un nouveau protocole permettant l’analyse des bactéries issues d’aérosols naturels environnementaux. Nous démontrons la nécessité d’optimiser l’acquisition des spectres Raman sur les bactéries et le traitement statistique des données spectrales permettant le développement de modèles de classification présentant des taux de reconnaissance élevésFor several years, the study and the control of the quality of the air are at the heart of all the concerns. In 2012, the DGA (Direction Générale de l’Armement) employs the ASTRID program (Accompagnement Spécifique des Travaux de Recherches et d’Innovation Défense), to accompany the dual civil and military research work. This thesis is part of this approach and proposes the feasibility study, by Raman microspectroscopy, of the concept of rapid detection and identification of microorganisms present in an air sample, with a resolution at the species level. For this, we construct a chemometric model for the classification of micro-organisms representative of the natural biodiversity. Such a model is built by acquiring, without a priori i) the Raman spectra of these microorganisms after biocollection; and ii) the genomic sequences encoding the 16S RNAs of these same microorganisms. The research presented in this thesis therefore presents the different studies carried out during the development of a new protocol allowing the analysis of bacteria from natural environmental aerosols. We demonstrate the need to optimize the acquisition of Raman spectra on bacteria and the statistical processing of spectral data that allows the development of classification models with high recognition rates
Books on the topic "Air – Microbiologie"
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B, Flannigan, Samson Robert A, and Miller J. D, eds. Microorganisms in home and indoor work environments: Diversity, health impacts, investigation and control. Boca Raton [Fla.]: CRC Press, 2001.
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Microorganisms in home and indoor work environments: Diversity, health impacts, investigation, and control. 2nd ed. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2011.
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Health, Institute of Medicine (U S. ). Committee on Damp Indoor Spaces and. Damp indoor spaces and health. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2004.
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Kowalski, Wladyslaw Jan. Aerobiological engineering handbook: A guide to airborne disease control technologies. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2005.
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T, Tilak S., ed. Environmental ecology and aerobiology. New Delhi: Today & Tomorrow's Printers & Publishers, 1989.
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Bonadonna, Lucia. Strategie di monitoraggio dell'inquinamento di origine biologica dell'aria in ambiente indoor. Roma: Istituto superiore di sanità, 2013.
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Pondichery), National Conference on Aerobiology (6th 1991 Institut francais. 6th National Conference on Aerobiology, 6-11 October 1991: Abstracts. Pondichery: Institut français de Pondichery, 1991.
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Vidal, Nadal Ma Rosario. Polen de las comarcas del comtat y l'alcoià. Alicante: Instituto de Cultural "Juan Gil-Albert", Diputación de Alicante, 1994.
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B, Lighthart, and Mohr A. J, eds. Atmospheric microbial aerosols: Theory and applications. New York: Chapman & Hall, 1994.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Air – Microbiologie"
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Reineke, Walter, and Michael Schlömann. "Biological Exhaust Air Treatment." In Environmental Microbiology, 493–521. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-66547-3_15.
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Haug, Roger Tim. "Biological Air Pollution Control." In Lessons in Environmental Microbiology, 671–89. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2019.: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429442902-21.
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Jain, Aakanchha, Richa Jain, and Sourabh Jain. "Hot Air Oven." In Basic Techniques in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 11–12. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9861-6_5.
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Brown, Gary S., and Alan Jeff Mohr. "Fate and Transport of Microorganisms in Air." In Manual of Environmental Microbiology, 3.2.4–1–3.2.4–12. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555818821.ch3.2.4.
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Parija, Subhash Chandra. "Bacteriology of Water, Milk, Air and Food." In Textbook of Microbiology and Immunology, 1005–16. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3315-8_68.
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Jain, Aakanchha, Richa Jain, and Sourabh Jain. "Laminar Air Flow/Biosafety Cabinets." In Basic Techniques in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 5–6. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9861-6_2.
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Jain, Aakanchha, Richa Jain, and Sourabh Jain. "Isolation of Microorganisms from Air." In Basic Techniques in Biochemistry, Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 119–20. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9861-6_33.
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Robertsson, M. "Effects of Interrupted Air Supply on the Composting Process — Composition of Volatile Organic Acids." In Microbiology of Composting, 189–201. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-08724-4_16.
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Li, Huixing, Beini Li, Guohui Feng, Peng Cheng, and Chengcheng Tang. "Analysis of Microbiology Test of Air-Conditioning System in Severe Cold Area." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 457–65. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39584-0_52.
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Ota, Masao, Takeji Umemura, and Shigeyuki Kawa. "Immunogenetics of IgG4-Related AIP." In Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 35–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/82_2016_37.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Air – Microbiologie"
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Fernandes, Larissa, Armando Paulo da Silva, Mateus Calzavara da Silva, and Eduardo Filgueiras Damasceno. "A Low-Cost VR Imersive Learning Tool for MicroBiology." In Anais Estendidos do Simpósio Brasileiro de Games e Entretenimento Digital. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbgames_estendido.2021.19700.
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Educators often struggle to teach cellular and molecular processes in microbiology because they usually only have tools based on only two dimensions and are not as attractive as multimedia tools. Learning research has demonstrated that visualizing processes in three dimensions aids learning, and animations are effective visualization tools for novice learners and aid with long-term memory retention. Thus, with increasing adoption of immersive virtual reality as an enabling strategy for teaching has challenged researchers, educators, and enthusiasts to produce both tools and content for these tools. High-fidelity graphics and immersive content using projection on increasingly inexpensive glasses have allowed students to explore complex subjects in a way that traditional teaching methods cannot. In this way, this work presents a prototype of a tool to facilitate the teaching of microbiology, contemplating both the pedagogical requirements of educational software and the technological ones necessary in the construction of an immersive virtual reality environment. Added to this proposal is the requirement to present a low-cost tool for both editing and visualization.
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Mauk, Michael G., Carlos Ruiz, Richard Y. Chiou, Jean Espaillat, Senyu Wang, Ainhoa Garcia, and Robert Surrette. "Student Learning Projects in Sustainable Energy: Solar-Powered Algae Culture, Photovoltaics, and CO2 Capture." In ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-88404.
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A systems approach combining algae aquaculture for biofuels, photovoltaic solar electric generation, and a subsystem for atmospheric CO2 capture as a carbon source for the algae, is developed as a platform and testbed for student engineering design projects. This work serves as a hands-on learning design project for engineering undergraduates in renewable energy, industrial microbiology, and sustainable and ‘green’ technology. Fully-instrumented and automated tabletop systems for circulating algae cultures in plastic fluidic channels integrated with silicon solar cells are designed, prototyped and tested with the aim of optimizing the yields and solar energy utilization.
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Bennet, Douglas Grant. "Oilfield Microbiology: Case Study of Molecular Techniques for Determining the Risk of Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion MIC." In Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31498-ms.
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Abstract The objective of this paper is to explain the beneficial information obtained during a microbiological study of an oilfield survey, where molecular microbiology techniques where utilised. The inclusion of these techniques highlighted information that would have otherwise been missed and/or misinterpreted. The molecular microbiology techniques deployed during this survey included Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). The aim of PCR technology is to specifically increase a target (gene) from an undetectable amount of starting material. The first step is extraction of DNA from the sample, which will subsequently be subjected to the qPCR technology. During qPCR gene copies are made during thermocycling and a fluorescent marker accumulates, which can be used to quantify the target gene. Similar to the PCR technology, DNA is extracted from the sample and the DNA is amplified. In NGS, this is then sorted into a library of small DNA segments before they are amplified. During the sequencing step each DNA fragment amplified is sequentially identified from light signals emitted by comparing with a DNA library. The results obtained indicated crucial additional information that was not detected by traditional methods. In addition to much higher, truer quantification of known populations of Total Prokaryotes and Sulphate Reducing Prokaryotes, identification of other groups of DNA was possible through the NGS technique analysis. The results provided valuable information, which has subsequently been used to apply successful, targeted mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of MIC to assets.
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Andrade, Janyara Anny Azevedo de, JACYARA ABEACY AZEVEDO DE ANDRADE, FILIPE DE ALMEIDA AGRA OMENA, JÉSSIKA NATANA VALERIANO ANDRADE DE OLIVEIRA, and RILVA MARIA DA SILVA. "ANÁLISE DA EFICÁCIA DA PUNICA GRANATUM LINNAEUS CONTRA ESCHERICHIA COLI." In II Congresso Nacional de Microbiologia Clínica On-line. Revista Multidisciplinar em Saúde, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51161/ii-conamic/29.
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Introdução: A Punica granatum Linnaeus (romã), dentre as mais variadas finalidades do emprego de preparos derivados da mesma, tem como destaque o frequente uso no combate a Infecção do Trato Urinário (ITU). A ITU se determina pela existência de microrganismos na urina, as infecções bacterianas são mais frequentes, acometendo uma significante parcela da população, principalmente, feminina. Objetivos: Realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre a ação da Punica granatum Linnaeus (romã) no tratamento da infecção urinária feminina causada pela bactéria Escherichia coli. Material e métodos: A pergunta norteadora definida foi: “De que forma a Punica granatum Linnaeus pode agir no tratamento da infecção urinária feminina contra a Escherichia coli?”. Foi realizada uma busca da literatura através das principais bases de dados eletrônicas: ScienceDirect; LILACS, uma biblioteca eletrônica: SciELO, usando os termos (MeSH): “Urinary Infection e Pomegranate”. Os artigos foram avaliados quanto aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão pré-estabelecidos. Resultados: A partir dessa estratégia de busca, 6 (seis) artigos científicos foram selecionados. As infecções do trato urinário constituem-se pela resposta do organismo a uma invasão bacteriana, e estima-se que 95% dos casos são causadas por bactérias Gram-negativas, sendo a Escherichia coli a mais comum. Diante disso, 60% da população feminina têm ao menos um episódio de ITU ao longo da vida. Assim, o Brasil possui uma variedade muito extensa de fitoterápicos que são comumente usados para extinguir diversos problemas de saúde de origem bacteriana e parasitária, infecções e viroses em geral. É imprescindível, pois, que a Punica granatum Linnaeus é uma planta com várias ações terapêuticas, principalmente com atividade antimicrobiana e potencialidade para combater doenças a partir dos extratos utilizados sobre as linhagens de Escherichia coli, ressaltando caso as pacientes apresentem resistência bacteriana às medicações usuais. Conclusão: Com os dados analisados, a revisão respondeu à pergunta norteadora, mas, infelizmente, a literatura escasseia de pesquisas sobre o extrato da Punica granatum Linnaeus, a fim de obter um método terapêutico alternativo, seguro, menos dispendiosa e que também atue reduzindo a ITU, visto que, estudos prévios revelaram que fitocompostos da casca do fruto induzem o aumento da liberação de IL-10, promovendo, assim, uma resposta anti-inflamatória.
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Ferreira, Jean Carlos Nunes, Marcos de Freitas, and Fernando Cavalcanti de Albuquerque. "Combined Cycle Power Plant Long Term Preservation Program: The Arauca´ria Power Station Study Case." In ASME Turbo Expo 2008: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2008-50405.
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Arauca´ria Power Station, a 484 MW CCPP, is powered by two NG-fired Siemens 501FD2 Combustion Turbines and one Alstom DKZ2-2N34 Steam Turbine. Located in Southern Brazil, near Curitiba, the capital of the State of Parana´, Arauca´ria PS was tested and accepted in September 2002. Due to commercial issues, the plant remained shut down since its COD until 2006. Along four years, the O&M team developed and implemented a comprehensive plant preservation program aiming to keep the equipment safe from degradation. The purpose of this paper is to describe the program and the activities performed during this period. The OEM recommendations were strictly followed. All the operations, tests and inspections were performed according to the Long Term Standby Procedure. The preventive, predictive and corrective maintenance performed in conformity with the Plant Maintenance Manual. Such activities were controlled by means of the corporative Computer-based Operations Management System and the CMMS and always in compliance of the ES&H regulations. The wooden structured cooling tower was maintained wet, the circulating water system was kept in operation, the demineralised water treatment system was run monthly and water microbiology/chemistry control (including the chemicals dosing and weekly water analysis schedule) was kept in accordance with the program designed by GE Water & Process Technologies. In a totally outdoor plant, corrosion prevention is fundamental. For this reason, a painting program designed by LACTEC, a local institute of technology, was followed. By the Plant Valves Lubrication and Tests schedules, each manual and automatic valve was lubricated and tested. The two Aalborg HRSGs (including condensate and steam piping) were maintained at minimum 0.5 barg dry nitrogen atmosphere. Dehumidifiers and heaters were installed in both HRSGs gas side, so the ambient conditions between the CTGs air inlet and the HRSGs stack inlet were maintained with relative humidity below 40%. Similar system was provided for the Steam Turbine. Both systems were automatically controlled and supervised from the Plant Control Room. When Arauca´ria PS was re-commissioned in mid-2006, this strict program proved its effectiveness once no major problems were found and the plant start-up succeeded in a very short time. The plant was operated since June, 2007 through January, 2008 with an average availability in excess of 98%. The long-term preservation program is presently being reviewed and many improvements shall be implemented in order to achieve faster installation/removal of high performance preservation systems, so they shall be used for short-term shutdown periods as well.
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López, ALS, DE Navarro-López, and J. Castañeda-Sedano. "HOME LAB AS A STRATEGY FOR MEANINGFUL LEARNING OF MICROBIOLOGY DURING COVID19 PANDEMIC." In The 7th International Conference on Education 2021. The International Institute of Knowledge Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17501/24246700.2021.7124.
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Meaningful learning allows students to enrich their knowledge as well as achieve personal growth. For this purpose, it is necessary to identify and address the needs and motivations of students, this can be achieved by implementing novel strategies in the teaching-learning process. Since March 2020, due to the SARS-Cov2 pandemic, face-toface lectures were suspended in all Mexican educational institutions; this situation forced educators to make drastic changes in teaching dynamics; being the most challenging classes that required the use of laboratories. In the present study this challenge is addressed. The aim of this research was to implement at-home laboratories, during the COVID-19 pandemic, to develop essential microbiology laboratory (ML) competencies and increase student motivation. Didactic intervention was conducted during the spring semester of 2020 with biotechnology students from four ML courses. The methodology was based on using at-home laboratories for their final course project. Students worked in teams to design an experimental strategy, based on knowledge obtained through virtual laboratories, and managed to conduct these experiments with the use of materials found in each student's home; they then presented their results where competencies and learning objectives were evaluated. Descriptive statistics, including the analysis of variance and Tukey test with a confidence level of 95% to ensure significant differences, were used to analyze and measure the obtained data trends regarding ML competencies acquisition. Results showed no significant differences in the conceptual understanding of the evaluated subject after the implementation of the stated educational strategy, as part of the digitization of the course provided during pandemic confinement; these observations allow us to conclude that the implementation objective for compliance with the ML competencies was effectively achieved. Keywords: Home laboratory, Microbiology, Educational innovation, Higher Education
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Viksnina, Vivita, and Inguna Leibus. "Implementation of agricultural innovation to confirm climate neutrality and related issues." In 23rd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2022”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2022.56.006.
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The European Union (EU) and its Member States have set themselves the goal of achieving climate neutrality throughout the EU by 2050. The agricultural sector is one of the emitters of greenhouse gases. To meet its climate neutrality targets of reducing global temperature rise to below 2°C and limiting it to 1.5°C, the EU has adopted the Green Deal and the Farm to Fork strategy based on it. The set goals create the need to develop and implement new innovations. The agricultural sector will face a number of innovative approaches in the future, including the digitalization of agriculture and the use of biotechnology, expertise from microbiology. The agricultural sector will face significant changes in farming methods. The aim of the study is to explore agricultural innovations to promote climate neutrality, the tasks are to assess the differences in the definition of innovation, the problems of their implementation and the challenges in agricultural crop production and to identify the current situation in Latvian agriculture compared to Lithuania and Estonia in terms of greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) emissions. The share of GHG generated by agricultural sector in Latvia is relatively high compared to the EU average. Among the Baltic States, the share of Latvia's GHG emissions in Latvia is almost 20%, which is higher than in Estonia, but lower than the GHG emissions generated by the Lithuanian agricultural sector. According to Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) data, the Lithuanian government has invested the most in agriculture compared to Estonia and Latvia. Investments of Latvian and Estonian governments in agriculture can be assessed as similar.
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Bauer, J. F., M. M. Amro, T. Nassan, and H. Alkan. "Reservoir Engineering Aspects of Geologic Hydrogen Storage." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-23943-ms.
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Abstract Safe and effective large-scale storage of hydrogen (H2) is one of the biggest challenges of the global energy transition. The only way to realize this is storage in geological formations. The aim of this study is to address and discuss the reservoir engineering (RE) aspects of geological H2 storage (GHS). The study is based on two sources: first, a comprehensive literature review, and second, experimental and numerical work performed by our institute. The current state of the art regarding the principles of reservoir engineering on the application of GHS is reviewed and summarized. Atypical properties of H2, with its lower density, viscosity and compressibility factor higher than one, increase uncertainties in the definition of capacity, injectivity, and confinement. In addition, the abiotic and biotic reactivity of H2 should be considered in the associated changes in petrophysical properties and molecular mass transfer in subsurface storage formations. Therefore, both geochemistry and reservoir microbiology are inseparable components of reservoir engineering of GHS. The sealing of H2 storage in a porous reservoir with caprock is due to the interplay between potentially higher capillary threshold pressure but higher diffusivity of H2, while the technically impermeable assumption of most deep salt formations can be considered as valid for H2 storage in caverns. Such changes can also affect the injectivity of H2 through plugging or dissolution. Well integrity is of particular concern when abandoned-old gas wells are reused. Especially at higher temperatures, hydrogen can behave more actively to support metal oxidation processes at the casing-cement contact and microbiological activity can promote these reactions. In addition, the permeability of the hardened cement samples to H2 is highly dependent on the effective pressure. An overview of the reservoir engineering aspects of GHS is compiled from recent publications. We integrate key findings with our experimental results to provide essential guidance for front-end engineering and challenges to be addressed in future work. Monitoring of the reservoir pressure, as an indicator of microbial activity, is of great importance. Therefore, measures to control microbial activity have to be drawn, taking into account the site-specific characteristics.
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IBRAHIM, Raghad, Hussain K.K.AL-DULAIMY, and Izdehar M. JASIM. "DETERMINATION OF BIOFILM FORMATION GENES USING PCR TECHNIQUE FOR STAPH. SPP. ISOLATIONS FROM WOUND AND BURN INFECTIONS IN BAQUBA CITY." In IV.International Scientific Congress of Pure,Appliedand Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress4-17.
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The bacteria Staphylococcus aureus has been discovered to be a major source of community and hospital-acquired infections. The production of ica-dependent biofilms is critical in the persistence of infections in hospitalized patients. Between November 2017 &April 2018, the current study was conducted at Teaching Baquba Hospital's Bacteriology Laboratory in Baquba City and the laboratory of microbiology and polymerase chain reaction (PCR )unit in the Biology Department / College of Science/ Diyala University (2018). Materials and methods: We obtained 13(17.3%) Staph.aureus isolates from 100 clinical specimens (burns, wounds, urine, and blood) after identified them. Following by employed Congo Red Agar(CRA) and tissue culture plate method (TCP)to detect Biofilm development in isolates, as well as a PCR assay and particular primers to determine the presence of the icaA &icaD genes. The results showed ica A/D were found in 69 % (9/13) of cases, icaA gene is present at 7 (53.8%) and the icaD gene at 2(15 .3%) in Staph.aureus isolates. CRA method found biofilm generation in 6 (46%) of thirteen Staph. aureus isolates, while TCP detected biofilm creation in 10 (76%) isolates. When phenotypic approaches compared to the detection of the icaA and icaD genes, only 5 (71%) of the icaA genes were found to be positive by TCP, while only 2 (1% ) of the icaD genes were found to be positive by TCP. In short: The findings show the significance of S. aureus' virulence factors in clinical samples for the icaA and icaD genes and the phenotypic biofilm formation variety. The creation of in vitro slime using the CRA approach is not necessarily consistent even when the icaA and icaD genes exist. Although certain isolates lack the genes icaA & icaD, the ability to generate biofilms highlights the importance of the further gene research, and the absence of the icaA and icaD genes, the capability from certain isolates to create biopolymes emphasises the need for continuous genetic study into icas caused by variations in the number of genes associated with biofilms. When comparing phenotypic techniques, TCP is still the best tool for the screening of biofilms. The aim of this research though is that the biofilm forming potential should be actually linked to the presence of icaA and icaD genes in S. aureus isolates
Reports on the topic "Air – Microbiologie"
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Singh, Anjali. Autoclave Sterilizers 101: How They Work Plus Safety Tips. ConductScience, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55157/cs20220717.
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An autoclave is a machine used in labs to sterilize items by applying heat and pressure to kill pathogens like bacteria and viruses. It uses saturated steam to destroy contaminants, making it useful in various fields including dentistry and microbiology. Autoclaves have evolved from basic steam sterilizers to advanced versions. They work by removing air, pumping in steam under pressure, and maintaining a high temperature to sterilize items. Safety precautions include proper training, not overcrowding, and using autoclavable materials. Not everything can be autoclaved; materials like glass, metals, and certain plastics are suitable, while flammable or toxic substances are not. Proper usage and maintenance are vital to prevent accidents.
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Eddy, C. A., B. B. Looney, J. M. Dougherty, T. C. Hazen, and D. S. Kaback. Characterization of the geology, geochemistry, hydrology and microbiology of the in-situ air stripping demonstration site at the Savannah River Site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10134746.
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Eddy, C. A., B. B. Looney, J. M. Dougherty, T. C. Hazen, and D. S. Kaback. Characterization of the geology, geochemistry, hydrology and microbiology of the in-situ air stripping demonstration site at the Savannah River Site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5622523.
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Eddy Dilek, C. A., B. B. Looney, T. C. Hazen, R. L. Nichols, C. B. Fliermans, W. H. Parker, J. M. Dougherty, D. S. Kaback, and J. L. Simmons. Post-test evaluation of the geology, geochemistry, microbiology, and hydrology of the in situ air stripping demonstration site at the Savannah River Site. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10188930.
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Agu, Monica, Zita Ekeocha, Stephen Robert Byrn, and Kari L. Clase. The Impact of Mentoring as a GMP Capability Building Tool in The Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Industry in Nigeria. Purdue University, December 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317447.
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Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), a component of Pharmaceutical Quality Systems, is aimed primarily at managing and minimizing the risks inherent in pharmaceutical manufacture to ensure the quality, safety and efficacy of products. Provision of adequate number of personnel with the necessary qualifications/practical experience and their continuous training and evaluation of effectiveness of the training is the responsibility of the manufacturer. (World Health Organization [WHO], 2014; International Organization for Standardization [ISO], 2015). The classroom method of training that has been used for GMP capacity building in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in Nigeria over the years, delivered by experts from stringently regulated markets, have not yielded commensurate improvement in the Quality Management Systems (QMS) in the industry. It is necessary and long over-due to explore an alternative training method that has a track record of success in other sectors. A lot of studies carried out on mentoring as a development tool in several fields such as academia, medicine, business, research etc., reported positive outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore mentoring as an alternative GMP training method in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in Nigeria. Specifically, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of mentoring as a GMP capability building tool in the pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in Nigeria, with focus on GMP documentations in XYZ pharmaceutical manufacturing company located in South-Western region of Nigeria. The methodology comprised gap assessment of GMP documentation of XYZ company to generate current state data, development of training materials based on the identified gaps and use of the training materials for the mentoring sessions. The outcome of the study was outstanding as gap assessment identified the areas of need that enabled development efforts to be targeted at these areas, unlike generic classroom training. The mentees’ acceptance of the mentoring support was evident by their request for additional training in some other areas related to the microbiology operations that were not covered in the gap assessment. This result portrays mentoring as a promising tool for GMP capacity building, but more structured studies need to be conducted in this area to generate results that can be generalized.
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Mizrahi, Itzhak, and Bryan A. White. Uncovering rumen microbiome components shaping feed efficiency in dairy cows. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7600020.bard.
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Ruminants provide human society with high quality food from non-human-edible resources, but their emissions negatively impact the environment via greenhouse gas production. The rumen and its resident microorganisms dictate both processes. The overall goal of this project was to determine whether a causal relationship exists between the rumen microbiome and the host animal's physiology, and if so, to isolate and examine the specific determinants that enable this causality. To this end, we divided the project into three specific parts: (1) determining the feed efficiency of 200 milking cows, (2) determining whether the feed- efficiency phenotype can be transferred by transplantation and (3) isolating and examining microbial consortia that can affect the feed-efficiency phenotype by their transplantation into germ-free ruminants. We finally included 1000 dairy cow metadata in our study that revealed a global core microbiome present in the rumen whose composition and abundance predicted many of the cows’ production phenotypes, including methane emission. Certain members of the core microbiome are heritable and have strong associations to cardinal rumen metabolites and fermentation products that govern the efficiency of milk production. These heritable core microbes therefore present primary targets for rumen manipulation towards sustainable and environmentally friendly agriculture. We then went beyond examining the metagenomic content, and asked whether microbes behave differently with relation to the host efficiency state. We sampled twelve animals with two extreme efficiency phenotypes, high efficiency and low efficiency where the first represents animals that maximize energy utilization from their feed whilst the later represents animals with very low utilization of the energy from their feed. Our analysis revealed differences in two host efficiency states in terms of the microbial expression profiles both with regards to protein identities and quantities. Another aim of the proposal was the cultivation of undescribed rumen microorganisms is one of the most important tasks in rumen microbiology. Our findings from phylogenetic analysis of cultured OTUs on the lower branches of the phylogenetic tree suggest that multifactorial traits govern cultivability. Interestingly, most of the cultured OTUs belonged to the rare rumen biosphere. These cultured OTUs could not be detected in the rumen microbiome, even when we surveyed it across 38 rumen microbiome samples. These findings add another unique dimension to the complexity of the rumen microbiome and suggest that a large number of different organisms can be cultured in a single cultivation effort. In the context of the grant, the establishment of ruminant germ-free facility was possible and preliminary experiments were successful, which open up the way for direct applications of the new concepts discovered here, prior to the larger scale implementation at the agricultural level.