Journal articles on the topic 'Air Force Historical Research Agency'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Air Force Historical Research Agency.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Air Force Historical Research Agency.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Jo, Sunggu. "Soft Power in Northeast Asia, Using AI in Information Warfare." J-INSTITUTE 8 (August 31, 2023): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.22471/ai.2023.8.23.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: Conflicts between Korea, the United States, Japan, North Korea, China, and Russia continue along with the competition for supremacy between the United States and China, and conflicts between South and North Korea and between China and Taiwan continue as the Korean Peninsula is an area with a high possibility of military conflict. However, even in North Korea, China, and Russia, which are closed countries, the influence of the soft power of cultural content such as dramas through the Internet is bringing about changes in collective sentiment even in closed countries. Due to these phenomena, Northeast Asia, which has been confronted with military power, is facing a new phase, and we wanted to discuss the use of AI technology in information warfare by the soft power of the Intelligence Agency.
Method: For the expansion of AI use and research on information warfare, the historical cases of Northeast Asia were analyzed, and the evolution of literature and media was reviewed to understand the phenomenon of artificial intelligence (AI) after the 4th industrial revolution, and the themes were selected. In addition, related data were collected and reviewed, and an attempt was made to theoretically establish the research results academically.
Results: 1. Northeast Asia is undergoing a transition from order based on hard power through military power to soft power based on cultural content. Just as the spread of culture has expanded faster and deeper the more it is controlled by the state, many researchers in Northeast Asia sympathize with the collapse of the system when asked how long such surveillance and control by dictatorships such as China and North Korea will be possible. According to this phenomenon, the influence of the power of culture on society was analyzed. 2. Artificial intelligence (AI) learning information will adversely affect sound soft power due to manipulated information and biased algorithm learning data. Due to this loophole, the Intelligence Agency will launch an information war using artificial intelligence (AI) technology that suits its own interests. In addition, the Internet will accelerate the propagation speed of distorted soft power and penetrate deeply into human life. Therefore, the Intelligence Agency is expected to analyze the influence of this distorted soft power on its country and start blocking and defending against attacks.
Conclusion: 1. The legal system before the advent of AI is expected to be modified or supplemented by more than 50% after the advent of AI. In accordance with this paradigm shift, the authority of the Intelligence Agency in the information warfare of AI was divided into the right to investigate, the right to investigate, and the right to operate. 2. In response to the threat of using artificial intelligence (AI) in information warfare, the government of the country not only expanded the size of the Intelligence Agency but also proposed a hybrid structure of cooperation with the private sector, that is, a model of ‘hybrid defense’. Lastly, in 1983, when tensions between the US and the Soviet Union were in the Cold War, the state-of-the-art scientific equipment, a satellite for detecting nuclear missiles, recognized the US ICBM launch warning. In response, Lieutenant Colonel Stanislav Petrov, commander of the Watch Command of the Soviet Air Defense Force, determined through human intuition that this was a computer error. It reexamined the case of preventing World War III by judging computer errors through human intuition, not judgment of scientific equipment, and suggested ethical issues in information warfare.
2
Markova, Madara, and Diana Stola. "The historical development of Latvian aviation and airfield territories." Landscape architecture and art 22, no. 22 (December 20, 2023): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/j.landarchart.2023.22.13.
Full textAbstract:
In the 20th century, built airfields and airports, have significantly impacted the European landscape and environmental quality today. Territories that have lost their former function can now be considered as a stimulus for the creation of new landscapes and for urban development. The publication covers the history of Latvian aviation through time, where a total of 97 airfields have been established, which served as military, agricultural, sports, and civil aviation airfields. Scientific literature, popular scientific literature were used to gather information. For mapping was used ArcGIS. Nowadays, according to the data of the Civil Aviation Agency, 9 airfields are certified – 7 civil aviation airfields, and 2 air transportation airfields. As well as a military base of the Air Force has been established at Lielvārde airfield. Airfield’s development opportunities until now have not been researched in Latvia, this is the first study to capture resources available and development strategies.
3
Harris, Carl M., and Frank T. Trippi. "An Historical Perspective on Operations Research in the United States Air Force." Military Operations Research 4, no. 3 (June 1, 1999): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5711/morj.4.3.25.
Full text
4
Gavrilov, Alexey G., and Vladimir N. Pryamitsyn. "The Establishment of Multidimensional and Multilevel Typing on the Example of History Research Meteorological Support of the Red army air Force During the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945)." Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: History and Law 12, no. 5 (2022): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1501-2022-12-5-178-188.
Full textAbstract:
Relevance. Scientific typification of past events is one of the most common results, obtained in the course of historical research. At the same time, as a rule, we are talking about using only one typological feature and only one level of typing. This gives relevance to the consideration of the issue of establishing multidimensional and multilevel typing. Purpose of the article is to familiarize the professional community of historians with the experience of establishing a multidimensional and multilevel typification of the subject of research. The objective of the article is to establish the typification of the meteorological support of the Red Army Air Force and demonstrate by its example the practical application of the historical and typological method. Methodology. The use of the historical-typological method has become widespread in conducting historical re-search. In particular, it was used in the study of the history of meteorological support of the Red Army Air Force during the Great Patriotic War. Results. It was proposed to streamline the subject of the study by identifying types in it based on the estab-lishment of common inherent features. For this purpose, three typological features were used: the level of military man-agement, the regularity of meteorological support and the specifics of the activities of the Air Force. As a result, mul-tidimensional typing was obtained. The third type was subjected to further detail, which allowed us to talk about its second level. All conclusions and provisions are illustrated by concrete examples from the experience of aviation me-teorologists in providing the Air Force during the Great Patriotic War. Conclusion. The possibility of using the historical-typological method to establish multidimensional and multilevel typing is shown by the example of a specific subject of research. It is established that the use of this method should be preceded by the use of a descriptive method. It is revealed that the key component determining the further possibility of typification is the selection of typological features.
5
huang, wenxuan. "AGENCY AS IDEOLOGY: PRECARITY AND DISEMBEDDEDNESS IN THE 21ST CENTURY LIFE COURSE." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S589. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2184.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The “individualization” thesis has gradually merged into the discussion of increasing heterogeneity of the life course as well as growing inequality over historical time. As individuals are “disembedded” from both cultural traditions and more recently social institutions, individual agency has drawn revived interest in outlining “choice biography” that is seen as paramount to personal outcomes and even containing overcoming force against structure. This practice mutes the consideration of the ongoing forces of social structure that by their very nature continue to constitute individual selves and possibilities. The uncritical treatment of individual agency makes it problematic for the study of precarity, mystifying and obscuring the analysis of inequality-generating mechanisms, reducing them to the individual-level. We analyze current uses of the concept of agency in the life course research, and particularly in the areas of transition research, e.g., transition to adulthood/retirement, where individual agency is assumed to be most active.
6
Gavrilov, Аlexey G., and Vladimir N. Pryamitsyn. "The Establishment of Scientific Periodization on the Example of Activity of Meteorological Service for the Support of the Red Army air Force During the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945." Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: History and Law 12, no. 6 (2022): 165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1501-2022-12-6-165-174.
Full textAbstract:
Relevance. The scientific periodization of past events is one of the most common results obtained in the course of historical research. At the same time, sometimes applicants make serious mistakes when formulating it. In this regard, consideration of the requirements for the establishment of scientific periodization and their illustration by a specific example seems relevant. The purpose: of the article is to familiarize the professional community of historians with the experience of es-tablishing scientific periodization of the subject of research on a specific example. The objective of the article is to establish the periodization of the activities of the meteorological service to support the Air Force of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 and demonstrate by its example the practical application of the historical and genetic method. Methodology. During the preparation of the article, methods peculiar to military-historical research were used. In particular, the historical-genetic method was used to establish the periods. The result of the conducted research was the establishment of a scientific periodization of the activities of the meteorological service to provide the Air Force of the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. In the process of work, the basic requirements for scientific periodization were taken into account. It is characterized by a unified approach to dividing the chronological framework into successive intervals, has a clearly formulated and theo-retically justified basic criterion on the basis of which this division is performed, has clear boundaries between periods marked by significant events, and correlates with the periodization of a larger historical process. The identified periods are numbered, named, outlined chronologically and characterized. As a basic criterion, the subordination of the meteorological service of the Red Army Air Force was proposed. Conclusion. It is established that modern historical science has the necessary methodological apparatus and clear ideas about the formulation of scientific periodization. Using the example of a specific subject of research, it was revealed that the key component of the success of periodization is the correct definition of the basic criterion.
7
Gaster, Robin, Will Swearingen, Jeffrey Peterson, and Michael Wallner. "Estimating Outcomes and Impacts from Innovation Programs: The Case of Air Force and Navy SBIR/STTR Programs." Technology & Innovation 21, no. 1 (October 31, 2019): 49–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21300/21.1.2019.49.
Full textAbstract:
The Air Force and Navy recently commissioned economic impact studies of their Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs, which provide funding to U.S. small businesses to promote technological innovation. The studies focused on Phase II contracts completed during the 2000 to 2013 period. These were the first comprehensive economic impact surveys of any federal agency SBIR/STTR programs. The studies provided conclusive information on the outcomes of well over 90% of the Phase II contracts. IMPLAN software was applied to company survey results to estimate overall impacts on the U.S. economy. Analysis revealed that both programs have had impressive national economic impacts. However, these studies significantly understate their contribution to the national economy because a substantial portion of the total economic outcomes will occur in the future. This paper demonstrates a conservative, statistically based methodology for estimating the future sales that can be expected from already-funded Air Force and Navy SBIR/STTR projects after the date of the company surveys. Application of this methodology shows that, for projects that have not yet generated product sales, an estimated additional 10% will eventually result in commercial products. For projects with products that have already reached the marketplace, total product sales will eventually be 83% greater than the totals reported at the time of the surveys. With the addition of the missing future sales, the total economic impact from the Air Force and Navy programs will ultimately be 51% greater than was reported. The new analysis estimates that every dollar invested in Air Force and Navy SBIR/STTR Phase II projects will eventually return $22 in economic activity.
8
Fellner, Andrzej, and Henryk Jafernik. "Implementation of Satellite Techniques in the Air Transport." Reports on Geodesy and Geoinformatics 100, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rgg-2016-0005.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The article shows process of the implementation satellite systems in Polish aviation which contributed to accomplishment Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) concept. Since 1991 authors have introduced Satellite Navigation Equipment in Polish Air Forces. The studies and researches provide to the Polish Air Force alternative approaches, modernize their navigation and landing systems and achieve compatibility with systems of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). Acquired experience, conducted military tests and obtained results enabled to take up work scientifically - research in the environment of the civil aviation. Therefore in 2008 there has been launched cooperation with Polish Air Navigation Services Agency (PANSA). Thanks to cooperation, there have been compiled and fulfilled three fundamental international projects: EGNOS APV MIELEC (EGNOS Introduction in European Eastern Region - APV Mielec), HEDGE (Helicopters Deploy GNSS in Europe), SHERPA (Support ad-Hoc to Eastern Region Pre-operational in GNSS). The successful completion of these projects enabled implementation 21 procedures of the RNAV GNSS final approach at Polish airports, contributing to the implementation of PBN in Poland as well as ICAO resolution A37-11. Results of conducted research which served for the implementation of satellite techniques in the air transport constitute the meaning of this material.
9
Abila, Sylvanus. "How Nigeria Deals with Environmental Damages? An Environmental Legal Perspective." Journal of Law and Legal Reform 2, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v2i1.39041.
Full textAbstract:
The paper carries out a review of the environmental problems associated with atmospheric pollution, air quality emissions and applicable control mechanisms in the detection and evaluation in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria in the light of global trends and best practices given the magnitude of gas flaring taking place in Nigeria’s Niger Delta daily. This is flowing from the findings that gas flaring continues to be a major health hazard to humanity, domestic and global environment. Also considered are the Challenges facing air quality and carbon management in Nigeria and the place of the ongoing National Space Research and Development Agency (NASRDA) funded research on air quality and carbon management and the recent release of the twin regulations of: the Flare Gas (Prevention Of Waste And Pollution) Regulations, 2018 and the Nigerian Gas Flare Commercialization Programme (NGFCP) by the Federal Government Of Nigeria aimed at stopping gas flares in the year, 2020. The paper adopts an admixture of the historical, comparative, the law and development and empirical approaches in appropriate cases.
10
TATE, AUSTIN. "Roots of SPAR — Shared Planning and Activity Representation." Knowledge Engineering Review 13, no. 1 (March 1998): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269888998001064.
Full textAbstract:
The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) and US Air Force Research Laboratory Planning Initiative (ARPI) has initiated a project to draw on the range of previous work in planning and activity ontologies to create a practically useful Shared Planning and Activity Representation (SPAR) for use in technology and applications projects within their communities. This article describes the previous work which has been used to create the initial SPAR representation. Key examples of the work drawn upon are published in this issue. The paper provides a comprehensive bibliography and related world wide web resources for work in the area of plan, process and activity representation. SPAR is now being subjected to refinement during several review cycles by a number of expert and user panels.
11
Saputri, Okti Wahyu. "Peristiwa Perebutan Pangkalan Udara Gorda di Cikande Tahun 1945." Widya Winayata : Jurnal Pendidikan Sejarah 10, no. 3 (December 30, 2022): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jjps.v10i3.43685.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to describe the seizure of the Gorda Air Base in Cikande in 1945. The method used in this study is the historical method, including heuristics (source collection), source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The theory used in this research is the theory of Collective Action proposed by Charles Tilly. The results showed that in response to the news of Independence Indonesia that arrived in Banten, the Banten fighters carried out a power struggle and expelled Japanese soldiers from Banten. One of the seizure events occurred at Gorda Air Base. The seizure of Gorda Air Base ended well thanks to the collective and structured actions of the People's Security Agency (BKR) and the Special Police. Gorda Air Base functioned as a secret base, this base had an important role in Japanese air defense in Banten. The impact of the seizure of the Gorda Air Base added to the BKR obtained from the Gorda Air Base and was used to expel the Japanese from Banten. When the Gorda Air Base was taken over, it was used for flight training for Indonesian air fighters at the beginning of independence. The seizure of the Gorda Air Base was a brief event, but it had a significant impact on the struggle to seize and defend the Proclamation of Independence in Banten.
12
Choirunisa, Ristyna. "Hearing Loss And Health Complaints In Technicians Air Skadron 3 Iswahjudi Airport And Its Association With Aircraft Noise." JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jkl.v11i1.2019.61-68.
Full textAbstract:
Aviation is the most significant part of Indonesian Air Force duty. Air Force’s aircraft takes a role not only as Indonesian army agency transportation vehicle but also crucial for Indonesian air territory security protection. However the level of noises resulted from Air Force aviation operation activity such as take off of aircraft reached 130 dBA, so the operation can causes auditory and non auditory adverse effects such as communication, physiological disorder, and psycological disorder. The aim of this study is to analyze factors induced to the hearing loss and analyze the effects of aircraft noises to technician health complaints. This research using case control approach and it was conducted by recruiting subject respondents group randomly of 20 officers includes of 10 technician as study group and 10 non technician as control group. The measurement of aircraft noise level was performed 4 times during 8 hours used Sound Level Meter. The results of aircraft noise measurement in flightline area was exceeding the threshold value of 95,56 dBA. The results of the study shows that aircraft noise significantly associated with to technician hearing loss p-value=0,026 (Spearman correlation test, p<0,05). Other factors that are associated significantly with technician hearing loss include aged p-value=0,023 (Pearson correlation test, p<0,05). Insignificant association is showed for work period with p-value=0,038 (spearman correlation test, p<0,05). In addition, the aircraft noise is associated to health complaint as psychological disorder p-value=0,033 (simple logistic regression test, p-value <0,05). The conclusion of research is that aircraft activities affected hearing loss and technician psychological disorder.
13
Parson, Carl R., John O. Miller, and Jeffery D. Weir. "Simulation and Analysis of Mission Capability Degrades Due to Supply for the B-1 Bomber." Journal of Defense Modeling and Simulation: Applications, Methodology, Technology 9, no. 3 (December 8, 2011): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1548512911430698.
Full textAbstract:
This research develops a discrete event simulation to investigate factors that affect key Air Force (AF) metrics for gauging the health of the AF spares supply chain and the impact on maintaining the mission capability of individual weapon systems. We focus on the unscheduled maintenance actions at a single air base for a single weapon system – the B-1 Bomber. A notional fleet of 16 aircraft at a single air base is modeled based on historical supply and maintenance data. To identify and quantify the effects of various factors, an experimental design is used for analyzing the output of our high-level discrete event simulation. This exploration shows we successfully capture several factors that significantly impact the key metrics used for the B-1 and have the potential to significantly increase mission capability for this weapon system.
14
Aviles, Natalie B. "Situated Practice and the Emergence of Ethical Research." Science, Technology, & Human Values 43, no. 5 (January 29, 2018): 810–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0162243917749728.
Full textAbstract:
This article explores the role scientists at the National Cancer Institute (NCI), a US federal science agency, played in researching and testing vaccines against the human papillomavirus (HPV). Drawing upon archival sources and oral history interview data, I challenge narratives that attribute the design of HPV vaccines to profit motive. Instead, I show that the researchers who developed the technology attempted to construct ethical approaches to vaccine development based on the values that emerged from their situated environments of technological, organizational, and institutional constraint. I argue that interpretations of “translational research” native to the NCI influenced these researchers’ efforts to design and test HPV vaccines. The organizational culture of translational research emerging in the NCI positioned intramural research as a countervailing and supplementary force to market-oriented translational research and development. Over time, NCI researchers’ conceptions of the Institute’s role allowed them to develop understandings of ethical HPV vaccine research as oriented toward addressing cervical cancer health disparities, especially in developing nations. NCI scientists’ understanding of their role in serving the public good through continued HPV vaccine innovation reflects the material and political economic environment they faced at different historical junctures that constrained the possibilities for innovation and ethical action.
15
Taghati Ahsan, Nusratollah, Ali Akbar Farhangi, Mohammad Soltani Far, Abbas Abbaspour, and Seyyed Abdullah Sajjady jaghargh. "Prioritizing Optimal Strategies for Smart Tourism with the Agency of Social Media and Explaining the Model." International Journal of Innovation Management and Organizational Behavior 3, no. 2 (2023): 100–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.61838/kman.ijimob.3.2.12.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: In today's world, the tourism industry has extensive impacts on economic, social, and cultural fields, and the development of this industry can serve as a driving force for other industries. The vast country of Iran, with its climatic, cultural, and historical conditions, is one of the best countries in the world for implementing the smart tourism industry. Therefore, it is necessary to continuously identify the changing needs of customers (tourists) and pay attention to the essential aspects, namely satisfaction, security, and the pleasure of travel. However, in our country, not only has useful research on optimal smart tourism strategies not been conducted, but the agency of social media has also not been considered. The primary aim of the present research is to explain and prioritize optimal smart tourism strategies with the agency of social media, presenting a practical model. Methodology: For this purpose, questionnaires were distributed among individuals working and active in governmental and non-governmental organizations in Hamedan, and were analyzed and prioritized using the "Hierarchical Analysis" technique. Findings: The results of this research have identified three categories of strategies for optimal smart tourism with the agency of social media, including strategies based on social media, strategies based on revenue generation, and strategies based on responding to tourist needs, each category comprising several components. Conclusions: It is recommended that tourism packages be dynamic with the ability to change packages instantly. Offering such services is only feasible through software or tourism apps. This factor significantly impacts increasing tourism.
16
Stetsenko, Anna. "Confronting Biological Reductionism From a Social Justice Agenda: Transformative Agency and Activist Stance." Literacy Research: Theory, Method, and Practice 67, no. 1 (July 31, 2018): 44–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2381336918787531.
Full textAbstract:
This article draws attention to contemporary research and theorizing that counters and resolutely dispels biological determinism laden with a plethora of mythic racial, gender, dis/ability and other types of unproven assumptions, conjectures, and biases. Based on a wide range of emerging conceptual breakthroughs and a growing body of evidence across neurosciences, epigenetics, developmental systems perspectives, and activity-centered cultural–historical frameworks, the argument can be made that all persons have infinite potential—incalculable in advance, unlimited, and not predefined in terms of any putatively inborn “endowments.” From this perspective, educational success is correlative with access to social resources and mediators such as teacher experience and skills. These and other radical implications can be drawn out with more force if this emerging body of anti-reductionist and anti-biodeterminist knowledge is connected to and integrates critical and sociocultural scholarship with agendas of social justice and equality such as exemplified in works by Marx and Vygotsky. At the same time, critical and sociocultural scholarship can draw on this emerging body of knowledge to support its struggles for a better society and education. For these two broad strands of scholarship to connect and benefit from each other, a revision of the role of subjectivity and activism in research is required, with steps in this direction discussed in this article.
17
Bolstad, Courtney, Kristi Pruiksma, Vincent Mysliwiec, Xueying Li, Kelsi Gerwell, Stacey Young-McCaughan, Alan Peterson, Casey Straud, and Matthew Brock. "0931 COMISA-MARES: Comorbid Insomnia and Obstructive Sleep Apnea with and Without Nightmares in US Military Personnel." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (April 20, 2024): A399—A400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0931.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction Comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), also called COMISA, has deleterious effects on mental and physical health. Limited research has examined the occurrence of nightmares in patients with COMISA. In a sample of service members seen in a US military sleep disorders clinic, this study examined the impact of nightmares among participants with insomnia, OSA, and COMISA and how sleep and mental health symptoms differed by sleep disorder (i.e., insomnia only, OSA only, COMISA) among those with nightmares. Methods In this observational study, 372 participants completed video-polysomnography and received a primary sleep disorder diagnosis (i.e., insomnia, OSA, COMISA). Participants with nightmares 1 ≥ week that woke them up at least “sometimes” were counted as having nightmares. Participants also completed measures of insomnia, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). General linear and mixed effects models were used to test our research questions. Results Nightmares were endorsed by 30% (n = 111) and were significantly more likely to be reported by those in the insomnia (36%, n = 42) and COMISA (38%, n = 52) groups than in the OSA group (14%, n = 17; p <.0001). Among the sleep diagnostic groups (i.e., insomnia, OSA and COMISA), participants with nightmares had significantly increased insomnia, anxiety, depression and PTSD symptoms compared to those without nightmares. Participants with COMISA and nightmares (i.e., COMISA-MARES) had the worst overall symptoms. Conclusion We propose COMISA-MARES as the combination of three sleep disorders that manifests with the worst overall sleep and mental health symptoms in military personnel. Given the high diagnostic rate, military and veteran sleep clinics should incorporate insomnia and nightmare assessments in efforts to better characterize this disorder. COMISA is significantly more burdensome than OSA alone and insomnia alone, and nightmares pose an even greater additive element of burden. Research is needed to guide treatment. Support (if any) This work was supported by the Defense Health Agency, Defense Medical Research and Development Program, Clinical Research Intramural Initiative for Military Women’s Health (DM170708; Mysliwiec) and the US Air Force (USAF) Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC), Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio (FA8650-18-2-6953; Peterson).
18
Ukasyah, Syifa Surya, Rully Putri Nirmala Puji, Jefri Rieski Triyanto, Guruh Prasetyo, and Bambang Soepeno. "Soviet Union Spionage Arrest In Indonesia 1982." JURNAL HISTORICA 7, no. 2 (December 5, 2023): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/jh.v7i2.41679.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to analyze the events of the Soviet Union's espionage arrest in Indonesia in 1982. The formulation of the problem in this research is (1) The Soviet Union's Efforts to Steal Indonesian Maritime Data, (2) The Process of the Soviet Union's Intelligence Arrests for Espionage in Indonesia, and (3) the Settlement of the Soviet Union's Espionage Case in Indonesia in 1982. The method used is historical methodology which includes five selection steps including topics, heuristics, source criticism, interpretation and historiography. The Soviet Union's espionage arrest occurred in 1982 which was carried out by a task force codenamed Pantai, a joint effort between the State Intelligence Coordinating Agency (BAKIN) and a task force led by Brigadier General M.I Sutaryo. The cause of the Soviet Union's espionage arrest was an attempt to steal Indonesia's secret deep data regarding the condition, content and depth of the sea in the Lombok Strait and the Natuna Islands. The perpetrators of Soviet espionage who were caught by the Beach task force named Sergei Egorov and Alexander Finenko. The case settlement process was carried out by giving persona non-grata status and closing the Soviet Union's Aeroflot airline operating in Indonesia.
Keywords: Espionage Arrest, Soviet Union Espionage, Data Theft
19
Averchenko, Sergey V. "Documents on the History of Maintenance in the Russian Air Force Fleet of 1910–17 in the Fonds of the Russian State Military History Archive." Herald of an archivist, no. 4 (2020): 1156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.28995/2073-0101-2020-4-1156-1167.
Full textAbstract:
The article describes the part of the Russian State Military History Archive (RGVIA) fonds, which contains documents related to the maintenance of aircrafts, engines, aircraft weapons, apparatus, radio stations, and photographic equipment of the Russian Air Force Fleet (VVF) in 1910-17; they testify of the emergence of the maintenance department. As the forming department had no management bodies, its documents deposited in the RGVIA do not form a compact fond, they are found in a large array of fonds, some of which have no relation to aviation. In the modern scholarship on the history of Russian military aviation, there is a lack of the RGVIA reference materials on location of documents on the history of maintenance of the Russian Air Force Fleet. The article is to provide researchers with a detailed tool for searching documents on the history of maintenance in the archival fonds. The author relies on his knowledge of historical development of the Russian Air Force Fleet, his long-term research experience in the RGVIA, and on reference publications on the archive fonds. Having analyzed the RGVIA fonds, he shows what kind of documents on the history of the VVF maintenance can be found there. Features of various fonds and volume of documents on the history of maintenance in them are being described. It has been identified in which fonds the guidelines and instructions for the aircrafts maintenance are stored, as well as reports on technical condition of aircrafts, armament, and equipment in the squadrons, materials on aircraft radio equipment usage, reports on inspection of technical condition of aircrafts in the units, documents on accidents and disasters. The article reviews fonds of various organizations engaged in operation and repair of the aviation equipment, of management bodies of the armed forces, of integrated combined arms force, and of military aviation. The analysis will help the historians of the Russian Air Force to navigate numerous RGVIA fonds and to speed up their search of documents.
20
Withy, Benjamin, Stephen Campbell, and Glenn Stephen. "The Influence of Corrosion Pits and Cold Expanded Fastener Holes on the Fatigue Life Aluminium 7075-T651." Advanced Materials Research 891-892 (March 2014): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.891-892.87.
Full textAbstract:
The Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) utilised the split sleeve cold expansion process to increase the fatigue life of fastener holes in the wings of the C130 transport fleet. As part of the validation of the fatigue improvements offered by the process the Defence Technology Agency conducted a series of fatigue tests on cold expanded fastener holes in aluminium 7075-T651, including specimens with corrosion induced after the cold expansion process had been performed. This research conducted an analysis of fatigue crack origins and modelled the stress concentration factors generated as a result of the corrosion pits. These results were used to explain the differing fatigue life and s-n curves produced by corroded and non-corroded fatigue specimens and the location of crack initiation sites around corroded cold expanded fastener holes.
21
Sarma, Karthik V., Michael G. Barrie, John R. Dorsch, Tanner W. Andre, Jennifer S. Polson, Rosie J. Ribeira, Tyler B. Andre, and Ryan J. Ribeira. "Integrating Battlefield Documentation into Virtual Reality Medical Simulation Training: Virtual Battlefield Assisted Trauma Distributed Observation Kit (BATDOK)." Military Medicine 188, Supplement_6 (November 1, 2023): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usad051.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Introduction Clinical documentation is an essential component of the provision of medical care, enabling continuity of information across provider and site handoffs. This is particularly important in the combat casualty care setting when a single casualty may be treated by four or more or five completely disparate teams across the roles of care. The Battlefield Assisted Trauma Distributed Observation Kit (BATDOK) is a digital battlefield clinical documentation system developed by the Air Force Research Laboratory to address this need. To support the deployment of this tool, we integrated BATDOK into a commercially available virtual reality (VR) medical simulation platform used by the U.S. Air Force and Defense Health Agency personnel in order to provide an immersive simulation training experience which included battlefield documentation. Methods A multidisciplinary team consisting of medical educators, VR simulation engineers, emergency physicians and pararescuemen, and BATDOK developers first developed a specification for a virtual BATDOK capability, including a detailed listing of learning objectives, critical interfaces and task plans, and sensor integrations. These specifications were then implemented into the commercially available Virtual Advancement of Learning for Operational Readiness VR Medical Simulation System and underwent developmental testing and evaluation during pararescueman training exercises at the Air Force Special Operations Command Special Operations Center for Medical Integration and Development. Results and Conclusions The BATDOK capability was successfully implemented within the VR Medical Simulation System. The capability consisted of a virtual tablet with replicated interfaces and capabilities based on the developed specifications. These capabilities included integrated point-of-care ultrasound capability, multi-patient management, vitals sign monitoring with sensor pairing and continuous monitoring, mechanism of injury documentation (including injury pattern documentation), intervention logging (including tourniquets, dressing, airways, lines, tubes and drains, splints, fluids, and medications), and event logging. The capability was found to be operational and in alignment with learning objectives and user acceptance goals.
22
Mithani, Sara, Matthew Brock, Kristi Pruiksma, Xueying Li, Kelsi Gerwell, Arees Momin, Tyler Powell, et al. "0033 Proteomic Profiling of Plasma Biomarkers in Men and Women with Diagnosed Insomnia." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (April 20, 2024): A15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0033.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction Chronic insomnia disorder affects approximately 10% of the U.S. population and is linked to various adverse health consequences. Despite advancements in pharmacological interventions, many individuals continue to experience recurrent symptoms. A comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying insomnia is crucial for developing innovative and effective treatments. This study aimed to profile plasma proteins using an unbiased high-throughput assay to identify potential biomarkers for insomnia, with a specific focus on discerning any differential responses between men and women. Methods This prospective, observational study (n=60; 40 insomnia, 20 control; 58.3% females) was part of a larger study completed at Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland. Participants completed an overnight in-lab diagnostic polysomnogram, blood collection and clinical evaluation. We applied an unbiased high multiplexed proteomic discovery technique using DNA aptamers to target 7,000 proteins in plasma samples. Chi-square test and Mann–Whitney U-test were performed to determine the group differences. Adjusted p-values were calculated by using Benjamini–Hochberg's false discovery rate (FDR). Dysregulated proteins were uploaded into the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software (Qiagen IPA) to explore the mechanistic networks most significantly associated with the study outcome. Significance level was set at 0.05 in all tests. Results We identified 54 significantly dysregulated plasma proteins (29 upregulated, 25 downregulated) when comparing individuals with diagnosed insomnia, stratified by gender. The top three upregulated proteins were T cell surface antigen CD2, Leptin (LEP), and N-terminal pro-BNP (NPPB); the top three downregulated proteins were Kunitz-type protease inhibitor 3 (SPINT3), Beta-defensin 104 (DEFB104A), and Benign Prostate-specific Antigen (KLK3). Pathway analysis revealed associations with proinflammatory cascades and metabolic signaling pathways. Conclusion Our findings highlight the feasibility of multiplex proteomic profiling in identifying blood-based biomarkers for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of insomnia disorder. Further research is warranted to ascertain the clinical utility of these candidate proteins. Support (if any) This research was supported by grants from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine Foundation (supported by Eisai, Inc.), the Defense Health Agency, Defense Medical Research and Development Program, Clinical Research Intramural Initiative for Military Women’s Health (DM170708; Mysliwiec), and the US Air Force Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC), Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio (FA8650-18-2-6953; Peterson).
23
Mysliwiec, Vincent, Matthew Brock, Kristi Pruiksma, Casey Straud, Daniel Taylor, Shana Hansen, Shannon Foster, et al. "0325 A Comprehensive Evaluation of Sleep Disorders in Male and Female U.S. Military Personnel." Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (May 25, 2022): A146—A147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.323.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction Sleep disorders are increasingly recognized in military personnel. However, no study has comprehensively evaluated male and female service members with clinically significant sleep disturbances. While, insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are the two most recognized sleep disorders, some studies have suggested that comorbid insomnia and OSA, also known as COMISA, potentially is the most frequent sleep disorder. Further little is known regarding the co-occurrence of nightmares, shift work disorder, depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in this population. Methods Participants were 309 active duty service members (females n = 113, male n = 196) in all branches of the military who underwent a clinically indicated sleep evaluation in a military sleep disorders center. All underwent an attended in-lab polysomnogram, were diagnosed with insomnia, OSA, or COMISA and completed self-report measures. Participants completed the Nightmare Disorder Index and Shift Work Disorder Index, and non-sleep questionnaires using the PCL-5 for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the PHQ-9 for depression, the GAD-7 for anxiety, and History of Head Injuries for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Results COMISA was diagnosed in 36.8% of the sample, insomnia in 32.7%, and OSA in 30.4%. Males were significantly more likely to have COMISA or OSA and females were more likely to have insomnia. Polysomnographic variables were consistent with the respective sleep diagnoses. Forty service members (12.9%) met criteria for nightmare disorder; those with OSA were significantly less likely to have nightmares. Shift work disorder was present in 49 (15.9%) and did not differ between sleep diagnoses. PTSD was present in 57 (18%) and those with COMISA were significantly more likely to have PTSD. A history of head injuries was reported by 38.2% and there was no difference in rates between the sleep disorder groups. Conclusion The most frequent sleep disorder profile in service members with sleep disturbances was COMISA, which was associated with significantly higher rates of PTSD and anxiety. Conversely, OSA alone was not associated with higher rates of any comorbid disorders. Nightmare disorder and shift work are relatively prevalent in military personnel with sleep disorders. Support (If Any) This work was supported by the Defense Health Agency, Defense Medical Research and Development Program, Clinical Research Intramural Initiative for Military Women’s Health (DM170708; Mysliwiec), and the Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio (FA8650-18-2-6953; Peterson). The views expressed herein are solely those of the authors and do not represent an endorsement by or the official policy or position of the U.S. Air Force, the U.S. Army, the Defense Health Agency, the Department of Defense, the Department of Veterans Affairs, or the U.S. Government.
24
Alford, Bobby R., and James H. Atkins. "Historical Ties Between Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery and Aviation and Space Medicine." Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery 118, no. 3_suppl (March 1998): s2—s4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0194-59989870001-4.
Full textAbstract:
Otolaryngology-head and neck surgeons have been involved in the development of aviation and space medicine since the beginning of this century. More than 75 years ago, otolaryngologists revised the physical examination for pilots, organized “boards of medical examiners” to test pilot applicants, coined the term “flight surgeon,” and helped organize the first medical research laboratories at Hazelhurst Field in New York. These laboratories were transformed in 1922 into the School of Aviation Medicine at Brooks Field, Texas, which in turn subsequently was relocated to Randolph Field, Texas. During World War II the Director of Research at the school was Colonel Paul A. Campbell, MD, an otolaryngologist. In 1959, the school moved back to Brooks Air Force Base and was renamed the Aerospace Medical Center. Since manned space flight began in the 1960s there have been many joint research efforts between principal investigators in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery and NASA. Several otolaryngology-head and neck surgeons have served or currently serve as consultants and advisors to many of NASA's standing committees. The space environment offers a new frontier for development and research in the specialty and for better understanding of vestibular function and related disorders. (Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1998;118:S2-S4.)
25
Neupane, Khagendra. "African-American Cultural Expression: The Defiance of Black Aesthetics." Journal of Population and Development 4, no. 1 (December 31, 2023): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpd.v4i1.64239.
Full textAbstract:
This research delves into the transformative realm of Black Aesthetics as a profound and resilient cultural resistance strategy employed by African-Americans. In a historical context marked by the degradation of the genuine image of African-Americans through Western perspectives, Black Aesthetics emerges as a dynamic force challenging stereotypes and reclaiming agency over cultural narratives. The study explores the foundational influences of key socio-political movements, namely the Harlem Renaissance, the Black Power Movement, and the Civil Rights Movement, in shaping and catalyzing the development of Black Aesthetics. During the 1920s, the Harlem Renaissance served as a crucible for cultural revitalization amid the multifaceted struggles faced by African-Americans. Fueled by a desire to break free from racial stereotypes, this movement laid the groundwork for the emergence of Black Aesthetics as a tool for empowerment and self-expression. The subsequent impact of the Black Power Movement and the Civil Rights Movement on Black Aesthetics is examined, revealing how these movements contested prevailing Western perspectives and sought to redefine the narrative surrounding African-Americans. The Black Power Movement, emphasizing self-determination and autonomy, stood in stark contrast to the assimilations goals of the Civil Rights Movement, collectively contributing to the nuanced evolution of Black Aesthetics. Through an interdisciplinary lens, this research navigates the intersection of art, ideas, and socio-political dynamics, elucidating how Black Aesthetics serves as a cultural resistance mechanism. It explores the multifaceted dimensions of this resistance, including the creation of alternative narratives, the celebration of cultural identity, and the reclamation of dignity. Ultimately, this research contributes to a comprehensive understanding of Black Aesthetics as a transformative force in cultural resistance, shedding light on its historical roots, its evolution through significant movements, and its enduring impact on reshaping the narrative of African-American identity.
26
O'Rangers, Eleanor A. "Supporting Humans in Space: A Brief Historical Perspective of the US Manned Spaceflight Program." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 16, no. 2 (April 2003): 85–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190003016002002.
Full textAbstract:
Space medicine can trace its origins to health care research, training, and practices in the US Air Force and Navy in the 1950s. As the US-Russian “space race” took shape following the launch of Sputnik, interest in space medicine intensified. Most of the medical research in the early days of US manned spaceflight (Project Mercury through the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project) was incorporated as mission objectives on most flights. Although this approach was not optimal for systematic data collection, it did reveal some adverse health consequences of space travel, such as space motion sickness, bone and muscle wasting, and orthostasis. Beginning with the Space Shuttle Program, dedicated space medicine and physiology missions were flown, which began to expand our knowledge of the potential effects—and hazards—of spaceflight. As we gain greater experience with long-duration spaceflight, it is hoped that countermeasures will be identified to mitigate many of the health concerns of space travel. Such work will be crucial for the conduct of interplanetary travel to Mars and beyond. With the possibility of the Chinese taking a significant foothold in space, a renewed sense of urgency regarding space medical research may emerge in the near future.
27
Southwood, David. "Harry Elliot CBE. 28 June 1920 — 5 July 2009." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 57 (January 2011): 97–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2010.0008.
Full textAbstract:
Harry Elliot, a pioneer of British space science and known worldwide for his work on cosmic rays, passed away in July 2009. Coming from a farming family in the Anglo-Scottish borders, he entered Manchester University at the outbreak of war. After service in the Coastal Command of the Royal Air Force, he returned to Manchester to work with Patrick Blackett on the origin of primary cosmic rays, a scientific pursuit he followed for the rest of his career. In 1954 he moved with Blackett to Imperial College. After playing an important part in the International Geophysical Year, the dawn of the space age gave him the opportunity to be the originator of one of the major British space research groups. Subsequently, through his long-standing service at high level in the UK Science Research Council, the European Space Research Organisation and the European Space Agency, he played an important part in steering the development of British astronomical facilities as well as the evolution of European space science.
28
Mysliwiec, Vincent, Matthew Brock, Panagiotis Matsangas, Kristi Pruiksma, Tyler Powell, Shana Hansen, Jennifer Martin, et al. "0734 Gender Differences in US Military Personnel with Insomnia, Obstructive Sleep Apnea & Comorbid Insomnia and Obstructive Sleep Apnea." SLEEP 46, Supplement_1 (May 1, 2023): A323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsad077.0734.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction Women constitute approximately 17% of the military. Yet, relatively little is known regarding sleep disorders and comorbid diagnoses effecting this gender. The aim of this study was to determine if there were gender-related differences in symptoms of sleep disorders and sleep-related impairment, comorbid sleep, behavioral medicine, and traumatic brain injury (TBI) diagnoses and polysomnographic (PSG) variables in military personnel with insomnia, OSA, and comorbid insomnia and OSA (COMISA). Methods Participants were 372 military personnel (46.2% females, 53.8% males) with an average age of 37.7±7.46 years and median BMI of 28.4 (5.50) kg/m2. Based on clinical evaluation and video-PSG, participants were diagnosed with insomnia (n = 118, 71.2% female), OSA (n = 118, 28.8% female) and COMISA (n = 136, 39.7% female). Insomnia severity, excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, nightmare disorder, sleep impairment, fatigue, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety, depression symptoms, and traumatic brain injury (TBI) were evaluated with validated questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, parametric and non-parametric pairwise comparisons and effect-size analyses were used to assess differences between sexes in terms of variables of interest. Results Female service members had significantly greater symptoms of nightmare disorder, PTSD, anxiety, and depression than their male counterparts. There were no significant differences between males and females with insomnia or OSA in sleep-related symptoms, impairment, or PSG based apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Male service members with COMISA had a significantly greater AHI; females with COMISA had significantly greater symptoms of nightmare disorder, PTSD and anxiety. Conclusion In the largest study to date to clinically evaluate sleep disorders in military personnel, COMISA was the most frequent diagnosis. Surprisingly, there were minimal differences in self-reported symptoms of sleep disorders and PSG characteristics. However, male servicemembers with COMISA have more severe sleep disordered breathing while female servicemembers with COMISA have greater mental health morbidity. Military service may result in distinct sleep disorder phenotype(s). Support (if any) This work was supported by the Defense Health Agency, Defense Medical Research and Development Program, Clinical Research Intramural Initiative for Military Women’s Health (DM170708; Mysliwiec) and the US Air Force (USAF) Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC), Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio (FA8650-18-2-6953; Peterson).
29
Mysliwiec, Vincent, Matthew Brock, Kimberly Gomes, Kristi Pruiksma, Xueying Li, Kelsi Gerwell, Tyler Powell, et al. "0555 Treatment Responses in US Military Personnel with Comorbid Insomnia and Obstructive Sleep Apnea." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (April 20, 2024): A237—A238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0555.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction Comorbid insomnia and obstructive sleep apnea (COMISA) is the most prevalent sleep disorder in military sleep clinics. While there is no established COMISA treatment regimen, patients frequently receive cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBTI) and positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy. The aims of this study were to examine treatment responses in military personnel with COMISA and determine if there were differential responses to therapy in male and females. Methods In an observational study, 130 participants (38.5% females) were diagnosed with COMSIA and received CBTI and PAP therapy in a routine clinical setting. Treatment responses were assessed by changes from baseline to 12 weeks with the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Descriptive statistics, parametric and non-parametric pairwise comparisons were used to assess differences between sexes at baseline. Linear mixed effects models for longitudinal data were used to examine differences between sexes in treatment responses overtime. Results There were significant decreases from baseline to 12 weeks in the ISI among males (-5.45 (95% CI, −6.94 to −3.96), p <.0001), and females (-6.25 (95% CI, -8.18 to -4.31), p <.0001), ESS among males (-2.52 (95% CI, -3.67 to -1.36), p <.0001) and females (-2.21 (95% CI, -3.71 to -0.72), p = .0017), and PSQI among males (-3.94 (95% CI, -4.96 to -2.91), p <.0001) and females (-3.64 (95% CI, -4.98 to -2.31), p <.0001). PAP Adherence was 8.5% in women and 23.1% in men (p = .053). Treatment responses were not significantly differences between genders. Conclusion Although the majority of military personnel with COMISA were non-adherent to PAP, there were significant responses on the ISI, ESS, and the PSQI. This suggests the insomnia may have greater clinical significance than OSA. CBTI could be considered first line COMISA therapy in a military population that primarily has mild sleep disordered breathing. Support (if any) This work was supported by the Defense Health Agency, Defense Medical Research and Development Program, Clinical Research Intramural Initiative for Military Women’s Health (DM170708; Mysliwiec) and the US Air Force (USAF) Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC), Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio (FA8650-18-2-6953; Peterson).
30
Riggle, Keith B. "Using the Active and Passive Voice Appropriately in On-the-Job Writing." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 28, no. 1 (January 1998): 85–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/4g7u-pmyr-8m2t-ra3c.
Full textAbstract:
Many current technical writing handbooks still advise writers to avoid the passive voice except in certain limited situations, primarily when the agent is unknown, understood, unimportant, or better left unnamed. However, a growing body of research indicates that the passive voice has a broader array of rhetorical functions. To identify some of the functions of the passive, as well as the active, voice, the frequencies of active and passive verbs were determined in 185 documents written by twenty-eight civilian and military members of the U.S. Air Force. The frequencies were similar to those in similar types of documents written by nonacademic writers in previous studies. In addition, writers were queried about their reasons for choosing active or passive verbs. While the results of the study confirmed the importance of agency in the choice of active or passive, they also revealed numerous other factors that were significant in writers' choices. The most significant reasons for choosing one type of verb over another were the voice of the verb, organizational requirements, audience awareness, efficiency, genre, euphony, personal preference, agency, emphasis, and topic-comment flow. These results suggest that technical writing instruction and handbooks should promote general principles for the use of both active and passive verbs rather than advising against the use of passive verbs.
31
Akinshin, A. V., and B. V. Bobiy. "Regulation and Methodological Support of Activities of Functional Subsystem of Federal Medical and Biological Agency." Disaster Medicine, no. 2 (June 2023): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2023-2-5-11.
Full textAbstract:
Summary. The aim of the study is, on the basis of research and analysis of current normative and methodological documents, to develop proposals for the improvement of regulation and methodological support of the system for the organization of medical assistance to victims and their medical evacuation in emergencies at facilities and territories served by the Federal Medical and Biological Agency (FMBA of Russia). Study materials and methods. Materials of the study include legislative acts and regulatory documents in force in the field of healthcare in the country, including the system of FMBA of Russia, on the problem under study; orders and guidelines of FMBA of Russia on the organization of medical care to victims and their medical evacuation in emergencies; scientific papers and publications devoted to current issues of regulation and methodological support of medical and evacuation support of victims in emergencies. The following methods were applied: historical; methods of content analysis and expert review, logical and information modeling; analytical method. Results of the study and their analysis. The article presents the results of the study and analysis of the principal regulatory and methodological documents governing the organization of medical aid and medical evacuation of the victims of emergencies at the facilities and territories served by the Federal Medical and Biological Agency and the medical forces and facilities of the Functional Subsystem of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency. The backlogs of these documents are demonstrated. Proposals for further improvement of legal regulation and methodological support of activities of the functional subsystem of FMBA of Russia are made.
32
Newnam, Rachel, Laurie Migliore, and Jeffrey C. Ransom. "Standardizing Evidence-Based Practice Review Processes Across the Defense Health Agency Enterprise." Military Medicine 189, Supplement_1 (November 10, 2023): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usad014.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Background The Defense Health Agency (DHA) Campaign Plan identifies Ready Reliable Care (RRC) as one of the eight strategic initiatives. A critical aspect of RRC is standardizing evidence-based practice (EBP) across Military Health System to include training, technology, equipment, and processes. The TriService Nursing Research Program hosted an EBP Summit to address this expectation. Methods The EBP Summit evaluated capabilities and gaps critical for implementing EBP into the DHA. This article summarizes the capabilities and gaps associated with administrative processes and infrastructure standardization, specifically EBP review and approval support processes, as well as utilization of the electronic Institution Review Board (eIRB) software platform. Results The environmental scan across services revealed consistency in procuring Exempt Determination Official reviews and garnering formal determination letters before the start of EBP initiatives. The Army and Navy Nursing Centers for Clinical Inquiry report variability in the utilization of eIRB, although the Air Force centers consistently utilize eIRB to submit proposed EBP. However, there is variability across all services in how the proposal is categorized (EBP, process improvement, and quality assurance) and in the availability of mentoring support for the submission. Conclusion Strategic recommendations to address the identified gaps are establishing a TriService Clinical Inquiry Working Group for process and product standardization, identifying EBP champions for each DHA market to educate and facilitate EBP review and submission processes, and establishing EBP review forums led by EBP subject matter experts. The authors suggest funding for program development and evaluation.
33
Wulandari, Ayu. "Strategi Keluarga Burhanudin Mohamad Diah Dalam Memperkuat Solidaritas Keluarga Di Negara Sosialis, 1959-1962." Publikasi Berkala Pendidikan Ilmu Sosial 4, no. 1 (May 5, 2024): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/pakis.v4i1.12073.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses the strategy of Burhanuddin Mohamad Diah's family as an ambassador's family in strengthening family solidarity when assigned to two socialist countries, namely Czechoslovakia and Hungary from 1959 to 1962. This article analyzes why family solidarity became so important for their lives in diplomatic posts, the channels and media used to strengthen this solidarity, and the role of women in it. This article was carried out using historical research methods which utilize various primary sources, ranging from ego documents, contemporary publications, oral history, to a number of official archives. This article reveals that family solidarity at diplomatic posts was part of the comfort conditions for the B. M. Diah family. This is due to two factors, namely historical factors and family psychological factors. To build and strengthen family solidarity, the B. M. Diah’s family used a number of channels, spaces, and media, including the family's domestic space, arts, sports, and tourism. This article also reveals that the presence of family solidarity issues has encouraged the emergence of women's agency and activism in the B. M. Diah family. To be precise, B. M. Diah’s wife, Herawati Diah, was present as a driving force, leader, and decision maker in the family in order to strengthen their internal solidarity.
34
Steele, Megan, Converse Griffith, and Christin Duran. "Monthly Variations in Perfluorinated Compound Concentrations in Groundwater." Toxics 6, no. 3 (September 14, 2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics6030056.
Full textAbstract:
Large-scale manufacturing of poly- and perfluorinated compounds in the second half of the 20th century has led to their ubiquity in the environment, and their unique structure has made them persistent contaminants. A recent drinking water advisory level issued by the United States Environmental Protection Agency lowered the advisory level concentration of perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) from 200 nanograms per liter and 400 nanograms per liter, respectively, to 70 nanograms per liter separately or combined. Small temporal variations in PFOS and PFOA concentrations could be the difference between meeting or exceeding the recommended limit. In this study, newly sampled data from a contaminated military site in Alaska and historical data from former Pease Air Force Base were collected. Data were evaluated to determine if monthly variations within PFOS and PFOA existed. No statistically significant temporal trend was observed in the Alaska data, while the results from Pease, although statistically significant, showed the spread of observed contaminant concentrations around the fitted line is broad (as indicated by the low R2 values), indicating that collection date has little value in predicting contaminant concentrations. Though not currently the subject of a US EPA health advisory, data on perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) were collected for each site and their average concentrations evaluated.
35
Danek, Tomasz, and Mateusz Zaręba. "The Use of Public Data from Low-Cost Sensors for the Geospatial Analysis of Air Pollution from Solid Fuel Heating during the COVID-19 Pandemic Spring Period in Krakow, Poland." Sensors 21, no. 15 (July 31, 2021): 5208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21155208.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the public data provided by low-cost sensors (LCS), which were used for spatial and temporal studies of air quality in Krakow. A PM (particulate matter) dataset was obtained in spring in 2021, during which a fairly strict lockdown was in force as a result of COVID-19. Therefore, we were able to separate the effect of solid fuel heating from other sources of background pollution, mainly caused by urban transport. Moreover, we analyzed the historical data of PM2.5 from 2010 to 2019 to show the effect of grassroots efforts and pro-clean-air legislation changes in Krakow. We designed a unique workflow with a time-spatial analysis of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10, and temperature data from Airly(c) sensors located in Krakow and its surroundings. Using geostatistical methods, we showed that Krakow’s neighboring cities are the main sources of air pollution from solid fuel heating in the city. Additionally, we showed that the changes in the law in Krakow significantly reduced the PM concentration as compared to neighboring municipalities without a fossil fuel prohibition law. Moreover, our research demonstrates that informative campaigns and education are important initiating factors in order to bring about cleaner air in the future.
36
Nurwansyah, Muhammad Taufiq. "Jejak Sejarah Lapangan Udara Kemayoran 1940-1985." JURNAL PATTINGALLOANG 9, no. 2 (August 30, 2022): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/jp.v9i2.35967.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis research aims to explain the situation of Kemayoran airfield when it was used as a military airfield from when it was first inaugurated in 1940 until its operational discontinuation in 1985. The research method used in this study is the historical method which consists of heuristics, verification, interpretation and historiography. Researchers at the heuristic stage collect both primary sources in the form of newspapers that have been published from 1935 to 1940 such as Bataviaasch Nieuwsblad and secondary sources such as books related to Kemayoran. The results of the research show that after the construction of the Kemayoran airfield which was carried out since 1934 and was completed in 1940, Kemayoran became an international aviation hub for KLM and KNILM, but since 1941 Kemayoran began to be used by VVC to train fighter pilots to prepare in case of war. When the second world war in the Pacific erupted, Kemayoran, which received several attacks from Japan, was used by the Allies as a base for fighter aircraft and also as an evacuation site. After the second world war, Kemayoran was reused by the Allies as one of the airfields that facilitated the rescue of APWI. Kemayoran was then integrated into the air defense system of the Indonesian Air Force's Kohanud, namely the Air Defense Wing 300. The history of the Kemayoran airfield began to end when the government through the Jakarta International Airport project moved flight operations to Cengkareng international airport.Key Words : Airfield, Airplane, Indonesian Air Force, Kemayoran
37
AZEEZ, Ismail Adaramola Abdul. "Military Incursion into Politics: A Comparative Analysis of Civil-Military Relationship in Pakistan and Nigeria." Integration: Journal Of Social Sciences And Culture 1, no. 3 (January 31, 2024): 210–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.38142/ijssc.v1i3.149.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose:Objective number one in the current study seeks to understand the role of historical developments in shaping the direction of democracy with a testable hypothesis one having that the Military intervention in politics is a result of bad politics exercised by politicians while addressing problems caused by low political culture, this paper explores answers to that question in a context of renewed option rule in Pakistan and Nigeria.Methodology:This Research paper will provide an overview of the major historical events since the independence of these two countries to be in a position to evaluate the role of the military in politics. The Nigerian military's poor human rights record has had a devastating impact on its effectiveness.Findings:Severe abuse of civilian communities, from the Ogoni (in the mid-1990s) to Odi (1999) and Zaki Biam (2001), and more recent extrajudicial assassinations, frequently in the background of contradicting militant and separatist groups from Boko Haram and the Islamic.Implication:Movement of Nigeria (IMN) In recent days, Pakistan has had legitimate power to encompass the tenures of the chiefs of staff of the army, navy, and air force.
38
Alvarellos, Alberto, and Juan Ramón Rabuñal. "Developing an Open-Source, Low-Cost, Radon Monitoring System." Proceedings 54, no. 1 (August 24, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020054041.
Full textAbstract:
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) have declared Radon gas a human carcinogen. Spain has several regions with high radon concentrations, Galicia (northwestern Spain) being one with the highest Radon concentration. In this work, we present the development of an open-source and low-cost radon monitoring and alert system. The system has two parts: devices and the backend. The devices integrate a Radon sensor, capable of measuring Radon levels every 10 min, and several environmental sensors capable of measuring temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and air pollution. The devices send all the information to the backend, which stores it, exposes it in a web interface, and uses the historical data to predict the radon levels for the following hours. If the radon levels are predicted to overpass the threshold in the next hour, the system issues an alert via several channels (email and MQTT) to the configured recipients for the corresponding device, allowing them to take measures to lower the Radon concentration. The results of this work indicate that the system allows the radon levels to be greatly reduced and makes the development of a low cost and open-source radon monitoring system feasible. The system scalability allows a network of sensors to be created that can help mitigate the health hazard that high radon concentrations create.
39
Idris, Abdi Manab, Suyono Thamrin, Donny Yoegiantoro, and Rinaldo Albertus Triprasetyo. "Kontribusi Pembela Tanah Air (PETA) dalam Pembentukan TNI dengan Pendekatan Historis dan Ilmu Pertahanan." Journal of Education, Humaniora and Social Sciences (JEHSS) 5, no. 1 (August 8, 2022): 584–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.34007/jehss.v5i1.1256.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study is to analyze and examine the social phenomenon of the formation of the TNI. This research is focuses on elevating the role and contribution of PETA in the formation of the TNI in terms of history and defense science. The research method used is a literature study method with a qualitative approach. The results showed that the Republic of Indonesia in general had been colonized by several European countries such as the Netherlands, Portugal and Japan. However, the suffering of colonialism was most felt when the Japanese Occupation Period formed the Defender of the Homeland Army (PETA). PETA is a security institution that was formed during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia in September 1943. PETA has contributed a lot to the forerunner of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia since before independence in the form of defiance and resistance to the Japanese army, securing the independence procession and being the first to raise the saka red and white. , changed its name to the People's Security Agency (BKR) to the Indonesian National Army (TNI). During the process of changing the name of the institution there have been several incidents ranging from rebellion to military aggression by the Dutch. As for the resistance and operations carried out ranging from guerrilla warfare, physical to non-physical. The Historical Approach is a condition of PETA's military since it was first formed until it turned into the TNI in various regions in Indonesia and the Defense Science Approach in the form of a tactical step/independence movement which led to PETA's contribution to Indonesia.
40
Hendrix, Barry, Saralyn Dwyer, and Dave West. "Model-Based System Engineering and Software System Safety Workshop." Journal of System Safety 53, no. 3 (December 1, 2017): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.56094/jss.v53i3.110.
Full textAbstract:
The G-48 System Safety Committee sponsored a Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) and Software System Safety (SSS) workshop, hosted by A-P-T Research, Inc. (APT) in Huntsville, Alabama, on May 2-3, 2017. The idea of this workshop evolved at the 34th International System Safety Conference (ISSC) in Orlando, Florida, during presentations and a paper by Barry Hendrix, which noted that the MBSE needs to include more system safety and software system safety processes. An action recorded under urgent-need topics by International System Safety Society (ISSS) Fellow Dave West at the G-48 meeting in Orlando resulted in volunteers to host and coordinate the workshop.
The MBSE SSS workshop consisted of a panel of seven subject matter experts. Approximately 40 attendees were present and more than 70 people viewed the workshop via a NASA live video streaming feed. The MBSE SSS panel consisted of Barry Hendrix, APT; Dr. Fayssal Safie, APT; Dr. Donna Havrisik, Government Agency System Engineering; Josh McNeil, AMRDEC Software Engineering Directorate (SED); David Arterburn, University of Alabama Huntsville; Joe Hale, NASA; and Paul Gill, NASA. Many attendees were from local Redstone Arsenal agencies, such as AMCOM, PEO Missiles & Space, and the Missile Defense Agency. Several contractors from companies within Cummings Research Park also attended. Special out-of-town guests included Peggy Rogers, U.S. Navy Software System Safety Technical Review Panel (SSTRP); Bob McAlister, U.S. Air Force; and Lynece Pfledderer, Lockheed Martin (LM), along with five other LM attendees from Texas, Florida and Connecticut.
41
Boiarsky, Oleksandr, Yana Maslova, and Alevtina Pekhnyk. "PHENOMENOLOGY OF INTEREST IN THE FORMATION OF HUMAN HABIT (ANTI-CORRUPTION ASPECT)." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 9, no. 2 (May 23, 2023): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2023-9-2-55-64.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of the study is the conceptual, theoretical and methodological foundations of the use of digital tools in law enforcement on the example of individual institutions (National Agency for the Prevention of Corruption, Ministry of Justice of Ukraine). Methodology. General scientific methods were used in the research process. The comparison method was used to summarize the approaches of different researchers regarding the main dominants of the implementation of the idea of electronic registers and their interaction by default. The analysis was used to determine the quantitative and qualitative parameters that characterize the specifics of the activities of the National Agency for the Prevention of Corruption, the Ministry of Justice of Ukraine in the digital era. Induction and deduction were used to determine the approaches to the main dominant legal forms of activity of the central bodies of state executive power. The results of the study showed that the introduction and application of digital skills in the activities of public authorities creates conditions for the effective performance of their powers, as well as contributes to the public interest in general. Conclusion. It is concluded that the significance of interest for the development of human civilization is manifested in the fact that: a) interest, along with needs and values, motivating the social subject (individual, group, historical community, class, nation, society), is the driving force of the historical process (immanent – dynamic property of interest); b) the realization of interest is impossible without its awareness, which occurs in the process of constant comparison of the life situation of individuals, social groups, historical communities among themselves (intellectual and practical property of interest). It is established that the public interest in the activities of the anti-corruption body is expressed in ensuring the prevention and counteraction to corruption, which is specified through the main powers. It is noted that a potential conflict of interest will differ from the real one in the case when a private interest existing in the sphere of official activity contradicts official or representative powers and this actually affects, but cannot affect the performance of official duties, attention is focused on the actions to be taken by the subject who has a conflict of interest.
42
Tsarpalis, Konstantinos, Anastasios Papadopoulos, Nikolaos Mihalopoulos, Christos Spyrou, Silas Michaelides, and Petros Katsafados. "The Implementation of a Mineral Dust Wet Deposition Scheme in the GOCART-AFWA Module of the WRF Model." Remote Sensing 10, no. 10 (October 6, 2018): 1595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs10101595.
Full textAbstract:
The principal objective of this study is to present and evaluate an advanced dust wet deposition scheme in the Weather and Research Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem). As far as the chemistry component is concerned, the Georgia Tech Goddard Global Ozone Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport of the Air Force Weather Agency (GOCART-AFWA) module is applied, as it supports a binary scheme for dust emissions and transport. However, the GOCART-AFWA aerosol module does not incorporate a wet scavenging scheme, nor does it interact with cloud processes. The integration of a dust wet deposition scheme following Seinfeld and Pandis into the WRF-Chem model is assessed through a case study of large-scale Saharan dust transport over the Eastern Mediterranean that is characterized by severe wet deposition over Greece. An acceptable agreement was found between the calculated and measured near surface PM10 concentrations, as well as when model estimated atmospheric optical depth (AOD) was validated against the AERONET measurements, indicating the validity of our dust wet deposition scheme.
43
Anderson, Mark C., Logan Mathews, Reese Rasband, and Kent L. Gee. "Frequency-dependent directivity and sound power measurements of two launched United Launch Alliance Atlas V rockets." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, no. 4_supplement (October 1, 2023): A347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0023753.
Full textAbstract:
The noise generated during rocket launches is both intense and directional. Historically, rocket noise directivity has been studied using static firing data. Although such tests result in greater averaging times at all angles, it is also possible to estimate directivity curves and sound power for a launched rocket so long as the trajectory data and microphone locations are known. Acoustical measurements were made during two United Launch Alliance Atlas V launches out of Vandenberg Space Force Base, CA. Multiple microphones were placed around the base ranging from 300–7000 m from the launch pad at different azimuthal angles around the pad. Frequency-dependent directivity curve estimates and sound power spectra are calculated and compared between measurement sites and launches. Directivity indices are compared with those found in the literature. The overall sound power levels agree well between the two launches, though a general trend persists where the sound power estimate decreases as a function of measurement distance. The sound power spectra are also nondimensionalized using Strouhal number scaling and compared with historical literature. [Work supported in part by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education and the Air Force Research Laboratory.]
44
López, Damián. "Sueñan las estructuras con agentes?, o venturas y desventuras del pensamiento estructural para la historia / Do Structures Dream of Agents? or Adventures and Misadventures of Structural Thinking for History." Historiografías, no. 13 (December 26, 2017): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_historiografias/hrht.2017132350.
Full textAbstract:
Entre los años cincuenta y sesenta del siglo XX surgió con fuerza en Francia una lectura estructuralista de lo social, que se opuso al humanismo y a la concepción moderna del sujeto como entidad fundante y unidad básica para el análisis. Este artículo reflexiona sobre este legado tomando como base las inflexiones y reconsideraciones tempranas del mismo que dejaron sus huellas en renovadas perspectivas de investigación y que fueron especialmente relevantes para el análisis histórico. Se consideran fundamentalmente la incorporación de las dimensiones de la agencia y las prácticas, siguiendo las reformulaciones realizadas por Pierre Bourdieu.Palabras claveEstructuralismo, historia, sujeto, prácticas.AbstractBetween the 1950s and the 1960s it emerged with force in France a structuralist reading of the social which was opposed to humanism and the modern conception of the subject, this understood as founding entity and main foundation in the analysis. This article discusses this legacy and takes as start point its early inflections and reconsiderations that left their mark on the renewed perspectives of research, and were of great importance for historical analysis. Aspects concerning the agency and the practices, following Pierre Bourdieu’s restatements, are especially regarded.Key WordsStructuralism, history, subject, practices.
45
Tafuri, Anthony N., James J. Yezzi, Daniel J. Watts, and John M. Carlyle. "LEAK DETECTION AND LEAK LOCATION IN UNDERGROUND PIPELINES1." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1997, no. 1 (April 1, 1997): 379–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1997-1-379.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT The use of passive acoustic techniques to detect and locate leaks in underground pipelines that carry pressurized liquids is being investigated in a joint research program between the Department of Defense (DoD), the Department of Energy (DOE), and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Acoustic techniques permit more cost-effective, timely, and accurate leak detection and location than currently established techniques, such as methodologies based on volumetric changes and others based on pressure loss. An experimental facility for determining the capabilities and limitations of improved leak detection and leak location methods based on advanced acoustic principles is being developed at the EPA's research facility in Edison, New Jersey. Four representative pipeline systems will be installed and evaluated: one typical of the petrochemical industry, one typical of a navy/air force hydrant refueling system, one typical of an army central heating system, and a fourth typical of pipelines associated with low-level liquid wastes at DOE facilities. Results of acoustic experiments on an existing 2-inch-diameter test line have indicated that the fundamental theory behind passive acoustic leak detection and location is solid. Several different acoustic leak detection and location methods have been explored to date; data have been produced by all of the techniques, proving their usefulness.
46
Kutnjak Ivković, Sanja, and Wook Kang. "Police integrity in South Korea." Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 35, no. 1 (March 2, 2012): 76–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13639511211215469.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the contours of police integrity among Korean police officers a decade after police reform was started.Design/methodology/approachThe data were collected in 2009 at the Korean National Police University (KNPU) and the Police Comprehensive Academy (PCA). The questionnaires distributed to police officers contained 14 vignettes describing various forms of police misconduct. The sample consists of 329 police officers, mostly non‐supervisors, attending courses at the KNPU and PCA.FindingsResults indicate that the contours of police integrity vary across different forms of misconduct. Regardless of whether the respondents' views were measured through questions about misconduct seriousness, appropriate discipline, willingness to report, or knowledge about official rules, the findings suggest that Korean police officers perceived corruption as a serious form of police misconduct, while they considered the use of excessive force to be substantially less serious. In addition, a strong code of silence among the police was detected.Research limitations/implicationsThe study examines the contours of police integrity among a convenience sample of police officers from South Korea.Practical implicationsThe Korean police administrators interested in controlling police misconduct could utilize this methodology to explore the contours of the code of silence among the Korean police. The results of the study indicate that substantial focus should be put on changing police officer views about the use of excessive force and narrowing the code of silence in general.Social implicationsThe results show that the contours of police integrity among South Korean police officers clearly reflect the attitudes and views of the society at large toward corruption and use of excessive force. The lenient attitudes that South Korean police officers have expressed regarding the use of excessive force reflect both the historical attitudes and the lack of clarity of official rules. The strong code of silence is related to the insufficient protection for whistleblowers and the adherence to Confucianism among Korean citizens.Originality/valuePrior research predominantly measured police integrity as the opposite of police corruption in Western democracies and East European countries in transition. This research expands this by focusing on different forms of police misconduct. In addition, it explores integrity in an Asian democracy with the police agency undergoing extensive reform.
47
LeGrand, Sandra L., Chris Polashenski, Theodore W. Letcher, Glenn A. Creighton, Steven E. Peckham, and Jeffrey D. Cetola. "The AFWA dust emission scheme for the GOCART aerosol model in WRF-Chem v3.8.1." Geoscientific Model Development 12, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 131–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-12-131-2019.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Airborne particles of mineral dust play a key role in Earth's climate system and affect human activities around the globe. The numerical weather modeling community has undertaken considerable efforts to accurately forecast these dust emissions. Here, for the first time in the literature, we thoroughly describe and document the Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA) dust emission scheme for the Georgia Institute of Technology–Goddard Global Ozone Chemistry Aerosol Radiation and Transport (GOCART) aerosol model within the Weather Research and Forecasting model with chemistry (WRF-Chem) and compare it to the other dust emission schemes available in WRF-Chem. The AFWA dust emission scheme addresses some shortcomings experienced by the earlier GOCART-WRF scheme. Improved model physics are designed to better handle emission of fine dust particles by representing saltation bombardment. WRF-Chem model performance with the AFWA scheme is evaluated against observations of dust emission in southwest Asia and compared to emissions predicted by the other schemes built into the WRF-Chem GOCART model. Results highlight the relative strengths of the available schemes, indicate the reasons for disagreement, and demonstrate the need for improved soil source data.
48
Wang, Dongliang, Xudong Liang, Ying Zhao, and Bin Wang. "A Comparison of Two Tropical Cyclone Bogussing Schemes." Weather and Forecasting 23, no. 1 (February 1, 2008): 194–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007waf2006094.1.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The impact of two bogussing schemes on tropical cyclone (TC) forecasts is compared. One scheme for bogussing TCs into the initial conditions of the nonhydrostatic version of the fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU–NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) is proposed by NCAR and the Air Force Weather Agency (AFWA), and four-dimensional variational data assimilation technology is employed for the other bogus data assimilation (BDA) scheme. The initial vortex structure adjusted by the NCAR–AFWA (N–A) scheme is more physically realistic, while the BDA scheme produces an initial vortex structure that is more consistent with the model. The results from 41 forecasts of TCs occurring over the western North Pacific (WNP) in 2002 suggest that the adjustment of the initial structure in the BDA scheme produces a greater benefit to the subsequent track and intensity forecasts, and the improvements in the track and intensity forecasts are significant using the BDA scheme. It seems that when using a model with 45-km grid length, the N–A scheme has a negative impact on the track forecasts for the recurving TCs and on the intensity predictions after 24 h.
49
NURAINI, NURAINI. "PENGARUH KEKUASAAN POLITIK TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN HUKUM DI INDONESIA." Jurnal Hukum Volkgeist 2, no. 2 (April 14, 2018): 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.35326/volkgeist.v2i2.91.
Full textAbstract:
The state of Indonesia embraces the sovereighty of the people or democracy. The people are the owners of the highest power in the state. The real power comes from the people, by people, and for the people. Even idealized power is held together with the people. Indonesia itself is also a country that adheres to the law. From the opinion of the exparts we can see that the state that follows the rule of law is always related to power. Where power is always limited by the laws that bind it. In other words the sphere of power is limited by the rules that are bound by the rules that have been composed and written and made by the agency that is authoorized to make it.The type of research used is normative juridical research. This study uses “ conceptual approach, legislation approach, and historical approach, in discussing the problems that exist in this research method is a way to perform analysis of data.Political power is the ability to use the source of influence to influence the process of making and executing political decisions so as to benefit itself, the group or society in general. Power is a gekala that always exist in the political process, in Indonesia law is a product of power (politics) so that the character of each legal product will be determined or colored by consideration of force political configuration that gave birthday.
50
Derriso, Mark M., Martin P. DeSimio, Charles D. McCurry, Christine M. Schubert Kabban, and Steven E. Olson. "Industrial Age non-destructive evaluation to Information Age structural health monitoring." Structural Health Monitoring 13, no. 6 (November 2014): 591–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921714546061.
Full textAbstract:
This article was originally presented as a keynote address at the Ninth International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring with the intent of provoking discussions relating to the transformation of aircraft maintenance practices by exploiting opportunities and benefits offered by Information Age technology and techniques. The US Air Force currently manages its aircraft using a schedule-based maintenance philosophy. This schedule-based approach works well for ensuring aircraft integrity; however, it is very costly, labor-intensive, and reduces aircraft availability. Structural health monitoring systems have the potential to analyze near-real-time and historical weapon systems data to provide a predictive maintenance capability. However, much aerospace structural health monitoring research has focused on in situ structural inspection techniques instead of structural monitoring. Structural inspections typically entail examining key locations of an airframe for material degradation or flaws. These examinations usually occur at predefined time intervals. As such, each inspection is considered an independent evaluation. Conversely, structural monitoring involves continuous condition surveillance of an airframe over an extended period of time. Structural monitoring uses past conditions and expected future conditions for producing a comprehensive understanding of the current health state. A new architecture, Cognitive Architecture for State Exploitation, is introduced as a monitoring technique that combines diagnostic or state (i.e. health) assessments, prognostic assessments, and mission objectives into a common framework to enable goal-based decision making. Results from a laboratory experiment are utilized to demonstrate the application of Cognitive Architecture for State Exploitation and to illustrate the potential to improve effectiveness and efficiency metrics compared to those of the current US Air Force maintenance procedures.