Academic literature on the topic 'Aimants massifs'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Aimants massifs":
Nozières, Jean-Pierre. "Aimants Nd-Fe-B préparés par corroyage à chaud d'alliages massifs : propriétés magnétiques et mécanismes de coercitivité." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE10081.
Kapek, Jakub. "Modélisations 2D et 3D, conception et réalisation d’un inducteur pour aimanter un ensemble de pastilles supraconductrices." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0113.
Today, superconductors are used in many applications, for example in cables, motors, alternators or for the generation of strong magnetic fields. Superconductors are available as tapes, wires or bulk materials. The process of magnetising superconductors results in bulk superconductors with a much higher trapped magnetic field than conventional permanent magnets. Proper magnetisation is the key to a very strong trapped magnetic field. The work developed in this thesis concerns the 2D and 3D modelling, design and realisation of an inductor to magnetise a set of superconducting pellets. Generally speaking, there are three techniques for magnetising superconductors: Zero Field Cooling (ZFC), Field Cooling (FC) and Pulsed Field Magnetization (PFM). We focus on PFM because it is a more compact and less expensive solution compared to the other techniques. The mentioned magnetisation process and all the phenomena involved have been solved based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) and using different formulations. In this work, we studied and compared in 2D and 3D the A-formulation, the H-formulation and an A-H formulation by coupling the different variables on the material boundaries. The comparison showed the advantages of the A-H formulation in modelling superconducting problems. Indeed, in some cases, we have shown that the use of the A-H formulation allows to reduce the simulation time. The model developed from this formulation is therefore an interesting tool for future dimensioning work and the development of superconductor applications at GREEN laboratory. We have also dimensioned and numerically studied a complete inductor model allowing one or more superconductors to be magnetised simultaneously. We study two configurations: prototype I for magnetising a single superconductor (2D problem) and prototype II for magnetising three superconductors (3D problem). Both configurations are solved by considering the electromagnetic and thermal phenomena as well as the coupling with the circuit equations feeding the inductor. The simulations showed that the temperature rise in the superconductor of about 10 Kelvin generated during the PFM magnetisation affected the trapped magnetic field. It was observed that the presence of one or more superconducting bulks did not affect the current pulse in the inductor. The maximum trapped field obtained numerically for prototype I was 706 mT and 736 mT for prototype II. The results obtained were then compared with the simulation results. However, some of the superconductors exhibited strong inhomogeneity in their properties, which resulted in a reduction in the experimentally observed trapped magnetic field. Hypotheses were made to try to reproduce numerically these inhomogeneities and their effects. However, this numerical calculation can only be done by 3D modelling without the possibility of using symmetries, and leads to a calculation time of up to several days. Experimentation with prototypes resulted in a maximum trapped magnetic field of 686 mT when one pellet was magnetised, while it was 606 mT when several pellets were magnetised simultaneously. Lowering the temperature by using another cryogenic fluid such as liquid hydrogen or another cooling system would increase this trapped magnetic field value to much higher values for the targeted electrical engineering applications
Ding, Tingting. "Etude et optimisation de machines à aimant permanent à démarrage direct sur le réseau." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10012/document.
In the context of reducing emissions of greenhouse effect, and of energy cost, the competition to improve the performances of the equipments affects all the domains. The consumption of electricity is mostly due to the electric motors, and particularly induction machines, used in various devices such as pumps, fans or compressors. These machines are characterized by relatively low efficiencies, and their replacement by more efficient machines should lead to a significant power saving. The Line-Start Permanent Magnet motors are good candidates to achieve this purpose. They have higher efficiencies and the additional devices for self-start eliminates the need of static converters, as it is normally required for conventional permanent magnet motors. Specific constraints arise for the use and the design of these machines: the starting current should not be so high to avoid the risk of the demagnetization of magnets and the starting torque must be large enough to ensure the start under load. Moreover, the efficiency and power factor at full load must be sufficiently higher than those of asynchronous machines in order to make them more competitive. In this thesis, we study three rotor structures to meet a given specification. These three structures use magnets inserted on the surface, embedded in a solid rotor or a cage rotor. They have their advantages and drawbacks that we have shown by a comparative study in some detail. This comparative study could not be implemented without the development of models in both static and dynamic conditions of these machines and a specific design methodology. A small scale of prototype has been designed, built and tested in the laboratory; it confirms the basic principles of such machines
Ding, Tingting. "Etude et optimisation de machines à aimant permanent à démarrage direct sur le réseau." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10012.
In the context of reducing emissions of greenhouse effect, and of energy cost, the competition to improve the performances of the equipments affects all the domains. The consumption of electricity is mostly due to the electric motors, and particularly induction machines, used in various devices such as pumps, fans or compressors. These machines are characterized by relatively low efficiencies, and their replacement by more efficient machines should lead to a significant power saving. The Line-Start Permanent Magnet motors are good candidates to achieve this purpose. They have higher efficiencies and the additional devices for self-start eliminates the need of static converters, as it is normally required for conventional permanent magnet motors. Specific constraints arise for the use and the design of these machines: the starting current should not be so high to avoid the risk of the demagnetization of magnets and the starting torque must be large enough to ensure the start under load. Moreover, the efficiency and power factor at full load must be sufficiently higher than those of asynchronous machines in order to make them more competitive. In this thesis, we study three rotor structures to meet a given specification. These three structures use magnets inserted on the surface, embedded in a solid rotor or a cage rotor. They have their advantages and drawbacks that we have shown by a comparative study in some detail. This comparative study could not be implemented without the development of models in both static and dynamic conditions of these machines and a specific design methodology. A small scale of prototype has been designed, built and tested in the laboratory; it confirms the basic principles of such machines
Boubaker, Nadhem. "Étude des pertes atypiques dans les machines synchrones à aimants à hautes performances pour applications aéronautiques." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT284.
The main aim of this thesis was to study and experimentally assess the additional iron losses in the stator (electrical lamination steel) of high performance permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSM) designed for aircraft applications, in relation with the “more-electric-aircraft” project. This international program consists of gradually introducing electrical systems to replace onboard hydraulic and pneumatic systems, for example to power the landing gear wheels (Electric Green Taxiing System)…The extra iron losses are caused by manufacturing processes (cutting, sticking, insulation, stacking, pressing, shrink-fitting, thermal treatment …) and the real conditions of use of electrical motor (namely: rotational flux, saturation, high frequency…). Indeed, the mechanical and thermal stresses during the manufacturing steps can deteriorate the magnetic properties of the material and significantly increase the iron losses. These aspects are difficult to accurately evaluate by analytical models or standard measurements (Epstein frame…) and require experimental assessment to precisely calculate the motor efficiency.First of all, we started by developing a test bench equipped with drive motor: PMSM 8000 RPM ; 42 kW. For accurate assessment, the losses in this machine are separated on the test bench, for example, the mechanical losses (bearings loss & windage loss) have been measured at different speed with a non-magnetic rotor. Rotor magnets eddy-current losses cannot be isolated from iron losses, for this reason they have been calculated using a 3D finite element model. To limit rotor loss we then used a non-conductive retaining sleeve (heat shrink sleeve). In the winding, we used bar-wound conductors, which is an original winding technology developed in our laboratory, and whose advantage among others is the unusual copper fill factor that reaches almost 90%.Subsequently, we explored the high frequency machines (>1 kHz) in order to increase the power-to-weight ratio (cross the threshold of 2.5 kW/kg). We proposed, the following to the analytical and finite element study, a first conventional prototype with a power-to-weight ratio equal to 4.5 kW/kg with: FeCo stator (Vacodur49 0.2 mm), FeSi rotor and NdFeB magnets (N35EH), operated at 1666 Hz, 5000 RPM and 94% efficiency at full load. A second motor had been also proposed with both rotor and winding in aluminum, in this case the power-to-weight ratio reaches around 6 kW with, however, less efficiency (93%).Finally, this HF motor was tested, at no load, on the aforementioned test bench. The experiments were carried out on a multitude of FeCo and FeSi stator core samples coming from different manufacturing processes (insulation: bonding varnish and C-5 varnish; cutting: laser and EDM “Electrical Discharge Machining”; thermal treatment) in real operating conditions of a high frequency PM machine in order to experimentally obtain the famous “additional coefficient” of iron losses (Kadd)
LEGRAND, BEATRICE. "Texturation par solidification sous champ magnetique d'alliages samarium-cobalt. Application a l'elaboration d'aimants permanents massifs." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE10237.