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Books on the topic 'AIM events'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Spaliviero, Camilla. Educazione letteraria e didattica della letteratura. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-464-6.

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Literary education and language education are connected by a relationship of mutual exchange. On the one hand, without the mastery of appropriate language skills it is impossible to grasp the complexity of literary works. On the other, improving language competence is one of the multiple aims of literary education. Moreover, considering the current multicultural dimension of the Italian school system, teaching literature from an intercultural perspective provides an opportunity to foster the development of relational skills while discussing the meaning of the works. In this scenario, we explore the state of the art of literary education and the teaching of literature in Italy and we consider their implications with language education, intercultural education, and intercultural communication. Furthermore, we present both a model of literary and intercultural communicative competence and a hermeneutic and relational method, also aimed at improving language acquisition and promoting intercultural awareness. In our view, literary and intercultural communicative competence makes it possible to communicate effectively in events where the language is spoken in order to understand literary texts, to identify the original meanings, to discuss their significance from the students’ current perspective, and to formulate critical judgements. The aim of the volume is to offer content and methodological resources for the teaching of literature that can impact positively on the development of language and relational skills. Thus, we draw up some guidelines aimed at increasing students’ motivation for studying the works, fostering their active participation and allowing literature to preserve its educational function.

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2

Byrd, Lee Ann B. Guideline on the identification and handling of ambient air quality data affected by special events or special conditions. Research Triangle Park, NC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards, 1994.

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3

Kröniger, Birgit. Der Freiraum als Bühne: Zur Transformation von Orten durch Events und Inszenierungen. München: Meidenbauer, 2007.

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4

Peter, Bamberger, and Sonnenstuhl William J. 1946-, eds. Mutual aid and union renewal: Cycles of logics of action. Ithaca, N.Y: ILR Press, 2001.

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5

Canada, Sport. Federal policy for hosting international sport events: Policy tenets and assessment guide. [Hull, Quebec]: Sport Canada, 1996.

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6

Gilbert, Ian. Why do I need a teacher when I've got Google?: The essential guide to the big issues for every 21st century teacher. London: Routledge, 2011.

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7

Action, Irish Northern Aid Committee Department of Political. Chronology of Discrimination: An Irish Northern Aid Committee reportinto Recent Events in the "North" of Ireland. New York: Irish Northern Aid Committee, 1992.

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8

State University of New York at Buffalo. Extraordinary event ; Ordinary people. [Buffalo, N.Y.]: Office of Marketing and Creative Services, Division of External Affairs, University at Buffalo, 2006.

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9

Pfeffer, M. Analysis of air mass trajectories associated with rain events at Deep Creek Lake, Maryland 1981-1982. Columbia, Md: Martin Marietta Environmental Systems, 1985.

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10

Kliman, Ann S. Crisis: Psychological first aid. Northvale, N.J: Aronson, 1994.

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11

Haulman, Daniel L. One hundred years of flight: USAF chronology of significant air and space events, 1903-2002. Maxwell AFB, AL: Air Force History and Museums Program in association with Air University Press, 2003.

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12

Zuckerwar, Allan J. Infrasonic emissions from local meteorological events: A summary of data taken throughout 1984. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1986.

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13

Adventures with warlords: Insight into key events of World War II. New York: Vantage Press, 1994.

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14

Meilinger, Phillip S. The United States Air Force Centennial of Flight Office presents significant events in Air Force history. [Washington, D.C.?]: Air Force History and Museums Program, 2003.

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15

Meilinger, Phillip S. The United States Air Force Centennial of Flight Office presents significant events in Air Force history. [Washington, D.C.?]: Air Force History and Museums Program, 2003.

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16

A few great captains: The men and events that shaped the development of U.S. air power. McLean, Va: EPM Publications, 1989.

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17

Lundgren, Lars J. Acid rain on the agenda: A picture of a chain of events in Sweden, 1966-1968. Lund, Sweden: Lund University Press, 1998.

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18

Lundgren, Lars J. Acid rain on the agenda: A picture of a chain of events in Sweden, 1966-1968. Lund: Lund University Press, 1998.

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19

Institute, Alan Guttmacher, ed. Blessed events and the bottom line: Financing maternity care in the United States : a study. New York, N.Y: The Institute, 1987.

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20

Slater, J. E. Air-blast loading and structural response of a ship stiffened panel in a re-entrant corner at event "misty picture". Ralston, Alta: Defence Research Establishement Suffield, 1993.

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21

Kliman, Ann S. Crisis: Psychological first aid for recovery and growth. Northvale, N.J: Aronson, 1986.

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22

ACM, SIGPLAN Erlang Workshop (2002 Pittsburgh Pa ). ACM SIGPLAN Erlang Workshop '02: A satellite event of PLI 2002 : October 7, 2002, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2002.

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23

ACM, SIGPLAN Erlang Workshop (2nd 2002 Pittsburgh Pa ). ACM SIGPLAN Erlang Workshop '02: A satellite event of PLI 2002 : October 7, 2002, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. New York: Association for Computing Machinery, 2002.

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24

Gary, Marchionini, and Association for Computing Machinery. Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval., eds. SIGIR 2005: Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, August 15-19, 2005, Salvador, Brazil. New York, N.Y: Association for Computing Machinery, 2005.

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25

Wedgwood, Ralph. The Aim of Rationality. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802693.003.0010.

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It is proposed that rationality has an external goal—thinking as correctly as possible. (For example, perhaps believing as correctly as possible is being maximally confident of the truth, and choosing as correctly as possible is choosing something feasible and optimally choiceworthy.) If your thinking is irrational, that is bad news about your thinking’s degree of correctness; the more irrational your thinking is, the worse the news is about your thinking’s degree of correctness. This idea is interpreted in probabilistic terms. There is a probability function, fixed by the mental states and events present in your mind, such that the degree to which your thinking is ‘good news’ about correctness is determined by how your thinking compares to alternative ways of thinking in terms of its expected degree of correctness according to that probability function. This proposal can explain the normativity of the requirements of rational coherence.

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26

Walsh, Bruce, and Michael Lynch. Using Molecular Data to Detect Selection: Signatures from Multiple Historical Events. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830870.003.0010.

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This chapter examines the search for a pattern of repetitive adaptive substitutions over evolutionary time. In contrast with the previous chapter, only a modest number of tests toward this aim have been proposed. The HKA and McDonald-Kreitman tests contrast the polymorphism to divergence ratio between different genomic classes (such as different genes or silent versus replacement sites within the same gene). These approaches can detect an excess of substitutions, which allows one to estimate the fraction of adaptive sites. This chapter reviews the empirical data on estimates of this fraction and discusses some of the sources of bias it its estimation. Over an even longer time scale, one can contrast the rate of change of sites in a sequence over a phylogeny. These tests require a rather special type of selection, wherein the same specific site (usually a codon) experiences multiple adaptive substitutions over a phylogeny, such as might occur in arms-race genes.

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27

Williams, Paul. The Personalization of Loss in Memorial Museums. Edited by Paula Hamilton and James B. Gardner. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766024.013.20.

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This chapter discusses the increasing prevalence within cultural institutions for recognizing and mourning “public deaths,” specifically via the proliferation of memorial museums worldwide. Marking episodes of great violence resulting from genocide, terrorism, crimes against humanity, and state “disappearances,” these institutions aim to remember, educate, and advocate against the recurrence of such events. Within their exhibitions, favored modes of historical retelling highlight the personal biographies and stories of victims. Personal objects, photographs, and mementos are arranged within experiential spaces that narrate the course of events and often suggest psychic forms of trauma. Such exhibitions aim to create vivid and authentic visitor experiences that bring people together in new forms of shared memory formation. The personalization of victims of violent events aims to create empathy in visitors and a sense of transferability (“it could have been me”) in hopes of forging a stronger commitment toward tolerance and increased vigilance against persecution.

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28

Books, Carrigleagh. AIM HIGH My Little Pocket Book: Weekly Layout Goal/Events Schedule , Compact Pocket Book 6x9 Inches Compact Designed Sections Book --Notes Important Dates Items to Remember --Gift. Independently Published, 2019.

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29

Cappelen, Herman, and Josh Dever. Making AI Intelligible. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192894724.001.0001.

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Can humans and artificial intelligences share concepts and communicate? One aim of Making AI Intelligible is to show that philosophical work on the metaphysics of meaning can help answer these questions. Cappelen and Dever use the externalist tradition in philosophy of to create models of how AIs and humans can understand each other. In doing so, they also show ways in which that philosophical tradition can be improved: our linguistic encounters with AIs revel that our theories of meaning have been excessively anthropocentric. The questions addressed in the book are not only theoretically interesting, but the answers have pressing practical implications. Many important decisions about human life are now influenced by AI. In giving that power to AI, we presuppose that AIs can track features of the world that we care about (e.g. creditworthiness, recidivism, cancer, and combatants.) If AIs can share our concepts, that will go some way towards justifying this reliance on AI. The book can be read as a proposal for how to take some first steps towards achieving interpretable AI. Making AI Intelligible is of interest to both philosophers of language and anyone who follows current events or interacts with AI systems. It illustrates how philosophy can help us understand and improve our interactions with AI.

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30

Hu, Xuhui. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808466.003.0001.

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This chapter firstly introduces the broad theoretical background within which the research carried out in this book is situated. The theoretical aim of this book is to develop a theory of the syntax of events, which is based on the constructivist approach, in particular Borer’s (2005a,b, 2013) Exo-Skeletal (XS) model—part of the broader framework of generative grammar. The empirical scope of this book includes Chinese and English resultatives, applicative constructions, non-canonical object constructions and motion event constructions in Chinese, and the satellite/verb-framed typology. Both synchronic variation and diachronic change are studied. The organization of this book is also outlined.

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31

The history and evolution of tourism. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800621282.0000.

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Abstract The aim of the present book is to provide an overview of tourism evolution in the past, present and future. This book discusses significant travel, tourism and hospitality events while referring to tourism-related notions and theories that were developed throughout the history of tourism. Even so, its scope moves beyond a detailed historical account of facts and events that occurred in the past. In more detail, this book departs from a basic description of these events and theories. Instead, it attempts to bridge these with contemporary issues, challenges and concerns, so that readers may make mental associations of the tourism past with the present and future, consecutively feeding their scepticism, decisions and even the development of new theories. While studying the evolution of tourism, one must look at the past: that is, the history of tourism throughout the centuries. History helps us to understand the past, predict the future and help in creating it.

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32

Riess Jones, Mari. Time Will Tell. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190618216.001.0001.

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This book is about time and synchrony and the roles these constructs play in our everyday encounters with events in our world. It focuses on auditory events in music and speech with the aim of demonstrating the potential of concepts such as entrainment and resonance for explaining how we interact, in real time, with these events. The book is divided into two parts. Part I is devoted to introducing basic theoretical concepts such as entrainment and resonance as they apply to rhythmical properties of fast and slow environmental events. Part II applies these concepts to events in music and speech. An overarching theme holds that similar dynamic attending concepts underlie the way we attend to and perceive communicative time patterns in domains of music and speech.

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33

Muentener, Paul, and Elizabeth Bonawitz. The Development of Causal Reasoning. Edited by Michael R. Waldmann. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399550.013.40.

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Research on the development of causal reasoning has broadly focused on accomplishing two goals: understanding the origins of causal reasoning, and examining how causal reasoning changes with development. This chapter reviews evidence and theory that aim to fulfill both of these objectives. In the first section, it focuses on the research that explores the possible precedents for recognizing causal events in the world, reviewing evidence for three distinct mechanisms in early causal reasoning: physical launching events, agents and their actions, and covariation information. The second portion of the chapter examines the question of how older children learn about specific causal relationships. It focuses on the role of patterns of statistical evidence in guiding learning about causal structure, suggesting that even very young children leverage strong inductive biases with patterns of data to inform their inferences about causal events, and discussing ways in which children’s spontaneous play supports causal learning.

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34

Osman, Magda. Planning and Control. Edited by Michael R. Waldmann. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399550.013.19.

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For the best part of 30 years, the most influential theoretical and empirical work examining control-based decision-making and planning behaviors has largely neglected the importance of causality. Causal relations are essential for capturing the structural relationship between events in the world and individuals as they coordinate their actions toward anticipating (planning) and then managing (control) those events. Causal representations are the mental form by which individuals are able to simulate future events resulting from actions aimed at reaching a goal (planning), and maintaining that goal (control). The aim of this chapter is to examine the unsung work in planning and control that brings the role of causal relations and causal representations into the fore, and to speculate what the future research horizons for both might look like.

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35

Gottschalk, Peter. Islamophobia and Anti-Muslim Sentiment in the United States. Edited by Jane I. Smith and Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199862634.013.004.

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Islamophobia and anti-Muslim sentiment have existed as parts of the religious landscape since Europeans first arrived in North America. The long history of these antipathies is a balance between continuities of received wisdom regarding Islam and Muslims and historically specific outbursts sparked and shaped by current social, economic, political, and military events. Tapping into enduring suspicions, some provocateurs deliberately aim to perpetuate stereotypes, broadcast misinformation, promote discrimination, and even instigate violence. A comparative logic drives the skepticism, wariness, and—occasionally—outright hostility toward, at different times, Islam as a religion, a specific Muslim, or Muslims as a religious, racial, or ethnic stereotype. This comparison presupposes a positive American norm that Islam and Muslims fail to meet in terms of theology, development, sexism, and nationalism.

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36

Bates, Catherine, and Patrick Cheney, eds. The Oxford History of Poetry in English. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198830696.001.0001.

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Volume 4 of The Oxford History of Poetry in English aims to feature a history of the birth moment of modern ‘English’ poetry in greater detail than previous studies. To accomplish its aim, Sixteenth-Century British Poetry examines the literary transitions, institutional contexts, artistic practices, and literary genres within which poets compose their works. Each chapter combines an orientation to its topic and a contribution to the field. Specifically, the volume introduces a narrative about the advent of modern English poetry from Skelton to Spenser, attending to the events that underwrite the poets’ achievements: Humanism, Reformation, monarchism and republicanism, colonisation, print and manuscript, theatre, science, and companionate marriage. Featured are metre and form, figuration and allusiveness, and literary career, as well as a wide range of poets, from Wyatt, Surrey, and Isabella Whitney to Ralegh, Drayton, and Mary Herbert. Major works discussed include Sidney’s Astrophil and Stella, Spenser’s Faerie Queene, Marlowe’s Hero and Leander, and Shakespeare’s Sonnets.

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37

Robb, David. Could Mental Causation be Invisible? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796299.003.0011.

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E. J. Lowe proposed a model of mental causation on which mental events are emergent, thus exerting a novel, downward causal influence on physical events. Yet on Lowe’s model, mental causation is at the same time empirically undetectable, and in this sense is ‘invisible’. Lowe’s model is ingenious, but I don’t think emergentists should welcome it, for it seems to me that a primary virtue of emergentism is its bold empirical prediction about the long-term results of human physiology. Here I’ll try to restore emergentism’s empirical status, but my broader aim is to use Lowe’s model to explore some central topics in the mental causation debate, including the ‘causal closure’ of the physical world and the nature of causal powers.

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38

Linzer, Shoshana, Adina Chesir, Tal Ginsburg, and Olivia Varas. Stressful Life Events. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190260859.003.0005.

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Stressful life events often occur during the week or month preceding suicide and may aid both the formation of the suicidal narrative and the triggering of the suicide crisis syndrome. This chapter examines the stressors that have been linked to imminent suicidal behavior. The chapter has five sections. The work and career section describes imminent risk associated with economic hardship, business/work failures, and home loss. The relationship conflict section discusses suicide risks stemming from romantic rejection, intimate relationship and family conflicts, as well as abuse, neglect, and bullying. The serious medical illness section discusses suicide risks associated with diagnosis and chronicity of being critically ill. The serious mental illness section focuses on imminent risk associated with recent diagnosis, acuity and hospitalization for mental illness, as well the risks following recent failed suicide attempts. The recent substance misuse section assesses imminent risk associated with chronic alcohol/drug use, acute intoxication, and withdrawal.

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39

Miller, Leta E. Looking to the Future. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252038532.003.0008.

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This concluding chapter evaluates Aaron Jay Kernis's music. Critics have made much of his embrace of diversity, noting the influence of tonality and atonality, jazz, pop, and Baroque music, modernism and minimalism, intricate counterpoint and static ostinati—or as Mark Swed put it succinctly in 1995, “extravagance and eclecticism.” Kernis, however, resists the word eclecticism because implicit in it is the image of collage. Inclusivity, yes; a welcoming of diversity, certainly: but never with the aim of creating a static mixture, however bold it might be. Rather, Kernis's music—even in its slowest and most introverted manifestation—always emphasizes directionality. Moreover, the element of narrative is always present in his music. Hence the importance for Kernis of the motivating stimuli, be they political events, mosaics, life-cycle experiences, poetry, paintings, or simply an emotional state.

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40

Guyer, Benjamin M. How the English Reformation was Named. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192865724.001.0001.

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Abstract How the English Reformation was Named analyzes the shifting semantics of “reformation” in England between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries. Originally denoting the intended aim of church councils, “reformation” was subsequently redefined to denote violent revolt, and ultimately a series of past episodes in religious history. But despite referring to sixteenth-century religious change, the proper noun “English Reformation” entered the historical lexicon only during the British civil wars of the 1640s. Anglican apologists coined this term to defend the Church of England against proponents of the Scottish Reformation, an event that contemporaries singled out for its violence and illegality. Using their neologism to denote select events from the mid-Tudor era, Anglicans crafted a historical narrative that enabled them to present a pristine vision of the English past, one that they endeavored to preserve amidst civil war, regicide, and political oppression. With the restoration of the monarchy and the Church of England in 1660, apologetic narrative became historiographical habit and, eventually, historical certainty.

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41

Steane, Andrew. Darwinian Evolution. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824589.003.0008.

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Having asserted what Darwinian evolution is not, we next consider what it is. The aim is to get a reasonable overall judgement of what sort of process and sequence of events is found. The existence and role of randomness or openness is discussed. The text looks briefly at animal aggression. It is argued that the metaphor of ‘eagerness’ is better than the metaphor of ‘selfisheness’ when thinking about genes. The journey undergone by life on Earth has not been a mere sequence of events, but a story of noteable and genuine increase in richness of expression. Nor has it been merely haphazard, because the very richness it came to express was itself shaped by the patterns that apply at the various levels, including, for example, the level of social existence. The judgement that this is a meaningful story is an intellectually substantial judgement.

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42

Briggs, Andrew, Hans Halvorson, and Andrew Steane. Learning from the Bible. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808282.003.0019.

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Some of the difficulties of handling the Bible are discussed. These involve correctly discerning the genre of each part, the questions to which any given text is addressed, the limited knowledge of the writers, for example about natural phenomena, and moral objections. Such issues are handled by bringing to bear what wisdom we can, as a community of readers. It is merely correct to admit that the literary genre is varied and includes polemic and storytelling alongside history, sometimes woven together. When remarkable events are recounted, it is proper to bring science and archeology to bear, and aim to be fair to the text. The history of violence should be handled even more carefully, so as not to promote attitudes that lead to violence in the present. This can be done through careful reflection which foregrounds issues of fairness, and how injustice is properly opposed.

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43

Arts Council of Great Britain., ed. Research to aid the development of leaflets for theatre events. London: Arts Council of Great Britain, 1992.

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44

Katsafanas, Paul. Constitutivism about Practical Reasons. Edited by Daniel Star. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199657889.013.17.

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This chapter introduces constitutivism about practical reason, which is the view that we can justify certain normative claims by showing that agents become committed to these claims simply in virtue of acting. According to this view, action has a certain structural feature—a constitutive aim, principle, or standard—that both constitutes events as actions and generates a standard of assessment for action. We can use this standard of assessment to derive normative claims. In short, the authority of certain normative claims arises from the bare fact that we are agents. This chapter explains the constitutivist strategy, surveys the extant attempts to generate constitutivist theories, and considers the problems and prospects for the theory.

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45

Hurricane Resistant Buildings. Building CAT-5 Resistant Timber Roofs, An Illustrated Guide for Builders. Pan American Health Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275125700.

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The year 2020 set a record for the highest number of tropical/subtropical storms registered in a year. According to data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the 2020 Atlantic Hurricane Season was the busiest year, with 29 events that caused economic losses estimated at US$ 50 billion, according to data from NOAA. Climate change has also brought with it an increased risk of the impact of higher intensity storms. The rise in water temperature in the Atlantic is causing a greater chance for hurricanes to develop. These natural events are not only more frequent but, in some cases, more catastrophic as well. One major impediment to resilience is the lack of suitably qualified or experienced professionals to design and build hurricane-resistant buildings in many countries that are typically the most affected. In most low-income countries, current building codes do not encourage the construction of robust structures that will withstand major hurricanes or are the building codes enforced. Additionally, reconstruction after the impact of such events is often rushed and poorly designed and executed. The Pan American Health Organization aims to reduce the recurrent damage following the impact of major hurricanes, with this illustrated, easy-to-follow guide to build Category 5-resistant roofs and external walls. These guidelines are to be used by local builders for the safe design and construction of roofs in hurricane-prone regions. True sustainability is achieved once people understand what they can do to help themselves and prevent future damage and losses. Therefore, we aim to provide graphic tools illustrating the safe and proper way to build and connect timber roofs to help minimize the loss of building infrastructure, impact on livelihoods and loss of lives.

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46

1944-, Short Simine, Ganz Cheryl, and American Air Mail Society, eds. Via airmail: An aerophilatelic survey of events, routes, and rates. Chicago: American Air Mail Society, 1992.

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47

Dunlop, Storm. 7. Severe and unusual weather events. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199571314.003.0007.

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Convective clouds may range from relatively innocuous showers to major supercell systems accompanied by dramatic conditions. ‘Severe and unusual weather events’ explains how convective cells generate in cumulonimbus clouds and how thunderstorms and associated lightning develop. Convective clouds may cluster together resulting in vigorous circulation and heavy precipitation. Even more active and dramatic systems are supercells that create tornadoes. These arise when a deep pool of unstable air is accompanied by a strong increase in wind speed with height, together with directional wind shear. Tropical cyclones are closed, non-frontal, low-pressure systems of high winds arising some 5–10° away from the equator, where the Coriolis acceleration promotes their overall rotation.

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48

Cappelen, Herman. The Illusion of Incoherent/Inconsistent Concepts. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814719.003.0008.

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This chapter considers the notion of an inconsistent concept. Previous chapters have argued that—despite its name—conceptual engineering has no use for concepts. However, a number of conceptual engineers give a central role to the idea that certain concepts are inconsistent. One might think that because it has no role for concepts the author’s theory will be unable to speak to the concerns of such conceptual engineers. The aim in this chapter is to respond to this line of thought, by explaining why such engineers (incorrectly) appeal to inconsistent concepts. In order to explain this notion, it appeals to three ideas: i) inconsistent beliefs or conceptions, ii) inconsistent introductory events, and iii) metasemantic messiness. It then compares this approach with that of philosophers who want to use conceptual engineering to solve paradoxes.

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49

Wong, Muh Geot, Bruce A. Cooper, and Carol A. Pollock. Preparation for renal replacement therapy. Edited by David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0143_update_001.

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Although the primary aim of management in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is to prevent progression to stage 5 CKD, for many patients renal replacement therapy (RRT) is inevitable. Planning for the initiation of dialysis is aimed at ensuring that it takes place in a supported environment in which adverse events will be minimized, that the modality chosen is appropriate for the individual circumstances, and the patient has full knowledge of what RRT entails. Beginning dialysis inevitably involves medical, psychological, family, and social issues, and preparation for RRT is optimally managed by a team with appropriate expertise in these areas. Multidisciplinary education programmes that inform patients and their families about their disease and the treatment options are likely to result in patients starting dialysis in a planned and elective manner.

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50

Klempe, Sven Hroar. Music and Imagination. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190468712.003.0012.

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Music is close to language, and when we listen to music, we may also imagine certain events, stories, and the like. The differences, although obvious, are not so easy to detect. These subtle nuances are examined in this chapter with the aim of delineating the general traits of musical imagination. The author defines musical imagination in terms of a human act that provides a type of framework for cognition in which cognition and sensations are united in feelings. This also forms the basis for verticality, which is expressed in terms of musical polyphony. The multitude in musical polyphony opens up for a sort of community, which brings in a social dimension. As long as the social community forms the basis of cultural psychology, a thorough understanding of musical imagination may contribute to a more complete understanding of cultural psychology as well.

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